Multipurpose Circuit For Telephones

This add-on device for telephones can be connected in parallel to the telephone
instrument.
The circuit provides audio-visual indication of on-hook, off-hook, and ringing
modes. It can also be used to connect the telephone to a cid (caller identification
device) through a relay and also to indicate tapping or misuse of telephone lines by
sounding a buzzer.

In on-hook mode, 48V dc supply is maintained across the telephone lines. In this
case, the bi-colour led glows in green, indicating the idle state of the telephone. The
value of resistor r1 can be changed somewhat to adjust the led glow, without
loading the telephone lines (by trial and error).

In on-hook mode of the hand-set, potentiometer vr1 is so adjusted that base of t1

(bc547) is forward biased, which, in turn, cuts off transistor t2 (bc108). While
adjusting potmeter vr1, ensure that the led glows only in green and not in red.

When the hand-set is lifted, the voltage drops to around 12V dc. When this
happens, the voltage across transistor t1’s base-emitter junction falls below its
conduction level to cut it off. As a result transistor pair t2-t3 starts oscillating and
the piezo-buzzer starts beeping (with switch s1 in on position). At the same time,
the bi-colour led glows in red.

In ringing mode, the bi-colour led flashes in green in synchronisation with the
telephone ring.

A cid can be connected using a relay. The relay driver transistor can be connected
via point a as shown in the circuit. To use the circuit for warning against misuse,
switch s1 can be left in on position to activate the piezo-buzzer when anyone tries
to tap the telephone line. (When the telephone line is tapped, it’s like the off-hook
mode of the telephone hand-set.)

Two 1.5V pencil cells can provide Vcc1 power supply, while a separate power
supply for Vcc2 is recommended to avoid draining the battery. However, a single 6-
volt supply source can be used in conjunction with a 3.3V zener diode to cater to
both Vcc2 and Vcc1 supplies.