SUPERVISED LEARNING It is learning technique for machines to create a function using training data.

The training data contains of pairs of input objects (vectors) and desired outputs. The functions outputs can be continuous (regression) or can predict a class label of the input object (classification) .the supervised learners task is to predict the value of the function for any valid object after seeing only a small no of training examples. Learner need to generali e from the given data to unseen situations in a reasonable !ay in order to achieve this. T!o types of models are generated by supervised learner. ". # global model that maps input objects to desired output. $. %ap is implemented as set of local models. (case&based reasoning'nearest neighbour algorithm) In practise( supervised learning models often have the possibility of leaving the inputs undefined. If the inputs are missing it is not possible to infer anything about the outputs. )upervised learning tries to find the connection bet!een t!o sets of observations. The learning difficulty increases exponentially in the no of steps bet!een t!o sets. In practise this is !hy supervised learning can not learn models !ith deep hierarchies. *lustering is another from of unsupervised learning !hich is not sometimes probabilistic.

UNSUPERVISED LEARNING It is a machine learning method fit to observations. +nsupervised learning distinguishes itself from supervised learning because there is no prior output. # data set of input objects is gathered in unsupervised learning. In this method of learning input objects are considered as a set of random variables. In conjunction !ith ,ayesian inference( unsupervised learning can produce conditional probabilities for any of the random variables given. In unsupervised learning all the observations are assumed to be caused by latent variables means observations are assumed to be at the end of casual chain. If the inputs are modelled( missing inputs cause no problems as they are considered latent variables. The learning can move on hierarchically from the observations in to evermore abstract levels of representation. -ach extra hierarchy learns only one step and because of that learning time increase linearly. +sing unsupervised learning it is possible to learn larger and more complex models.