Jaelyn Peterson Danielle Stringham

The main function of the respiratory system is to get oxygen and to remove Carbon Dioxide
Our cells need oxygen in order to function so oxygen is transported by the blood to the whole body.

Nose: The nose is the primary upper respiration organ where air enters and exists the body. The air that passes through the nose is humidified and moist. The nose consists of two narrow naval cavities. One is used for smelling and the other is used for respiration. Pharynx: The pharynx is a tubular structure behind the oral and naval cavities. This allows air transfer from the mouth to lungs. Contains three parts: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx. Larynx: Air passes through the larynx after it leaves the pharynx. Called the voice box. It has two main functions: passageway for air to the lungs and a source of vocalization.

Bronchus/Bronchi/Bronchioles: These allow air passage to the lungs. The air travels from the bronchus to smaller passageways called bronchi. Then travels to even smaller passageways called bronchioles which eventually leads to the alveoli where gas is exchanged Lungs: Spongy, air-filled organs on both sides of the chest cavity. Respiration is the primary function of the lungs, which includes the transfer of oxygen into the blood stream and releases carbon dioxide into the air. Alveoli: The alveoli are grape-like sacs at the end of the respiratory tree which allows gas transfer. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a major muscle that contracts downward to allow air through the system and when relaxed, releases the air.

First we inhale and our ribs and sternum are elevated

Second the diaphragm moves down and air is pulled into the lungs Third when we exhale our muscles and diaphragm are relaxed Finally the ribs and sternum move back down air is exhaled out of the lungs

When our lungs expand it causes pressure in the lungs to become less then the pressure in the atmosphere this forces air into the lungs because it moves from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure.

When the muscles relax the volume in our lungs becomes smaller, the pressure in the lungs becomes higher than the pressure of the atmosphere and then the air leaves the lungs.

Oxygen enters our bodies through the respiratory system, and carried to the red blood cells by hemoglobin. It is then used by mitochondria to release energy. Blood circulates to parts of the body based on their immediate metabolic requirements. Higher metabolism generates a higher level of Carbon Dioxide causing immediate local vasodilatation (increased diameter of vessels from relaxation of smooth muscles) allowing oxygen transfer.

Bronchitis: inflammation of airways causes mucous to build up. As a result a lot of coughing occurs as the body attempts to remove the mucous
Emphysema: alveolar walls lose elasticity and decreases the area for gas exchange making it difficult to breath.

COPD: Group of respiratory diseases where airflow is blocked making breathing more difficult

The average adult has 600 million alveoli. The right lung is slightly larger than the left. The hairs in the nose help clean and warm the air we breathe. The highest recorded sneeze speed is 165 km per hour. The surface area of the lungs is about the size of a tennis court. A person at rest usually breathes 12 to 15 times a minute.

Websites

http://jonbarron.org/article/diseases-respiratory-system#.U0K3HGeYbcs http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/301notes6.htm http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/301notes6.htm http://www.md-health.com/Function-Of-Organs-In-Respiratory-System.html http://warriors.warren.k12.il.us/dburke/amazingfactsrespiratory.htm http://www.breathing.com/articles/carbon-dioxide.htm

Pictures

www.niehs.nih.gov/oc/factsheets/ozone/ithurts.htm www.fda.gov/fdac/features/1999/emphside.htmlww http://mrhartansscienceclass.pbworks.com/f/1327587715/01%20Respiratory%20System.jpg http://www.ablativeoncology.uci.edu/images/illustrations/lung_whitebkgrd200x194.jpg http://gochemless.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Respiration-Effects.jpg http://media-cacheec0.pinimg.com/736x/33/0b/44/330b44d7249f8ff8a31f54d8c6588157.jpg http://www.siliconvalleyfit.com/Portals/172928/images/oxygentransport2%20(1).jpg http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/lung/copd/images/diagram/healthy-vs-copd.jpg http://images.tutorvista.com/content/respiration-animals/expiration-process.jpeg http://hopeforhealinginstitute.org/+Images/Pages/TheScience/blood-flow-1.jpg