AUFBAU PRINCIPLE

Prepared by: Khairool Anwar Bin Alias Civil Engineering Dept.

AUFBAU PRINCIPLE
DEFINITION :
It is the principal that has all of the electrons in the lowest possible energy levels. Lowest energy to highest energy: 1S, 2S, 2P, 3S, 3P, 4S, 3D, 4P...

AUFBAU PRINCIPLE is used to determine the electron configuration of an atom, molecule or ion.

Electrons configuration
DEFINITION :
ELECTRON CONFIGURATION is the arrangement of electrons of an atom, a molecule, or other physical structure.

VALENCE Electrons
DEFINITION :

VALENCE ELECTRONS are the outermost electrons of an atom, which are important in determining how the atom reacts chemically with other atoms.

EXAMPLE

AUFBAU PRINCIPLE TABLE

SUBSHELL: PERIOD S G F D P

1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1s
2s 3s 4s 5s 6s 7s 8s 5g 4f 5f 6f 3d 4d 5d 6d 7d 2p 3p 4p 5p 6p 7p 8p

Aufbau Principle
Determine; 1. Electron configuration 2. Period 3. Group 4. Electron valence

EXAMPLE
Based on the elements of Q, V and W indicate Configuration electrons, Period, Group and number of electrons valen by Aufbau principle.
Q-4 V - 18 W - 37 Z - 55

EXERCISE
From the Table 1 below and using the Aufbau Principle get the data of Electron configuration Period number Group number Electrovalent number
ELEMENT PROTON NUMBER

P Q R

5 10 15

S T
Table 1

20 25