2762 Surveys show that ______ is a common experience for close to half of all children in the United States.

2763 A large survey of parents and their children shows that parents: Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 2764 A particular concern among children and adolescents would be:

2765 Childhood disorders for which there are no similar adult disorders are called:

2766 For which of the following anxiety disorders would you expect the childhood pattern to be MOST similar to the adult pattern? swer )Correct -compulsive disorder Incorrect

sorders. (True Answer )Correct

2767 The typical child may not realize that the thoughts and beliefs of others are different from theirs, or be able to anticipate future negative events. Therefore: anxiety tend to be different from adult symptoms. (True Answer )Correct

2768 Behavioral and somatic symptoms, such as clinginess, sleep difficulties, and stomach pain rather than cognitive ones, are MORE characteristic of anxiety disorders: n children. Incorrect

2769 A child does almost everything with her mother and seems extremely anxious at school, getting frequent stomachaches and wanting to go home. If the child has an anxiety disorder, it is MOST likely:

2770 A similarity among children with separation anxiety and those with school refusal is that they both fear going to school and often stay home. The difference in the symptoms of these diagnoses is that: hool refusal generally recover. Incorrect Incorrect , academic fear, and separation anxiety. (True Answer )Correct 2771 A child whose therapist asks her to draw pictures about her life, then introduces games and stories to help the child work through her conflicts and change her emotions and behavior is MOST likely receiving:

orrect

2772 Hormonal changes, life demands, and body dissatisfaction are all reasons to explain why: girls have higher rates of depression than postpubertal boys. (True Answer )Correct n rates are higher than anxiety rates in children. Incorrect 2773 The National Institute of Mental Health study known as TADS (Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study) about treatment for adolescent depression, produced three major surprises. Which of the following is NOT true about the study's findings? -behavioral therapy was most effective. Incorrect -behavioral therapy alone is not much better than a placebo treatment. Incorrect

alone. Incorrect

-behavioral therapy

not that significant. (True Answer )Correct 2774 Imagine a child who neglects studies, work, friends, and family in order to be on the Internet. Which of the following about Internet addiction disorder is FALSE? children. Incorrect depressed. Incorrect Incorrect 2775 Results from TADS (Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study) BEST support which of the following conclusions? -generation antidepressants should not be used with adolescents because the risk for harm is too high. Incorrect works for one category of people may not be effective for another category of people. (True Answer )Correct -behavior therapy alone is the best treatment for adolescents. Incorrect -behavioral therapy cannot be used with adolescents because of their cognitive limitations. Incorrect 2776 The MAIN concern over the rise in diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children, and in particular, the treatment of bipolar disorder in children is: the use of family therapy. Incorrect 2777 Childhood patterns of behavior that are diagnosed as bipolar disorder differ from adult patterns in that: en display depression while adults generally do not. Incorrect Incorrect ences might impact brain development in

2778 Critics believe that bipolar disorder has become a catch-all diagnosis for children who display uncontrolled rage. DSM-5 addressed this concern by: r. Incorrect )Correct

ather than mania. (True Answer )Correct

Incorrect one without rage. Incorrect 2779 Which of the following is a qualified criminal justice professor MOST likely to say? Incorrect )Correct are different. (True Answer

2780 A child is openly hostile toward her parents. She argues with them constantly and will not do anything they say. They cannot control her. The diagnosis she is MOST likely to receive is:

ttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Incorrect 2781 A child will not obey his mother. When threatened with punishment, he swears, throws things, and threatens to break everything in the house. His outbreaks seem to be restricted to his parents, but he is almost completely unmanageable. This is an example of:

2782 Boys and girls have about the same percentage chance of being diagnosed with:

rder if they are postpubertal. Incorrect 2783 A child has repeatedly engaged in shoplifting and in hitting neighborhood pets with rocks. The child frequently is aggressive, and has engaged in an increasing number of fights. The MOST appropriate diagnosis for this child is: -deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Incorrect 2784

A child is extremely aggressive. She is always fighting with her peers and is frequently very cruel to them. She never tells the truth. Her MOST likely diagnosis is: -aggressive disorder. Incorrect defiant disorder. Incorrect

2785 A child sneaks out of the home every now and then, and goes through the neighborhood breaking lawn decorations and scratching car paint. These behaviors MOST closely fit which pattern of conduct disorder? -destructive Incorrect -nondestructive Incorrect -destructive (True Answer )Correct -nondestructive Incorrect 2786 That kid is pleasant enough, but will lie about practically anything, even things that don't seem to matter much. This behavior MOST closely fits which pattern of conduct disorder? -destructive Incorrect -nondestructive (True Answer )Correct -destructive Incorrect -nondestructive Incorrect 2787 At a parent-teacher conference, a child's parents are astounded to learn that their son has been showing up late for school, despite leaving home with more than enough time to get to school. This behavior MOST closely fits which pattern of conduct disorder? -destructive Incorrect -nondestructive Incorrect -destructive Incorrect -nondestructive (True Answer )Correct 2788 Relational aggression is a term used to describe a pattern of aggression MOST common among: agnosed with conduct disorder. Incorrect 2789 Carl is a terrible bully. He is very aggressive and repeatedly takes advantage of others. He will say anything to get his way or to try to stay out of trouble. Recently he was arrested for vandalism and ended up getting probation. He will MOST likely be labeled as displaying: swer )Correct -aggressive disorder. Incorrect

2790 A 16-year-old teenager has just been arrested for the third time for shoplifting. He would MOST likely be labeled with: wer )Correct

2791 Conduct disorder has MOST often been associated with: Incorrect 2792 An intervention in which parents and their children who have been diagnosed with conduct disorder do behavior therapy targeting and rewarding desired behavior is called: -interaction therapy. Incorrect -consequence sensitization. Incorrect

2793 My seven-year-old needs to get help for conduct disorder. What do you recommend? Of the following alternatives, your BEST answer is: Incorrect Incorrect raining should work best. (True Answer )Correct -child interaction therapy would be my recommendation. Incorrect

2794 Among the goals of parent-child interaction therapy are all of the following EXCEPT: their child's behavior. Incorrect )Correct 2795 The LEAST effective way to deal with conduct disorder is:

2796

Will that program really help? I keep hearing bad things about how kids act once they leave. Based on research, the person who said this would be MOST accurate if she or he were expressing reservations about: er )Correct -solving training. Incorrect 2797 Of the following, which is MOST likely to be successful as part of a treatment foster care program? rapy with the foster parents followed by therapy with the original parents Incorrect biological parents. (True Answer )Correct 2798 If your child is diagnosed with a conduct disorder, you could be confident in providing all of the following treatments EXCEPT: ters. (True Answer )Correct -solving skills training. Incorrect 2799 Perhaps the biggest problem facing school administrators who try to deal with bullying is that: udents are involved in bullying incidents, it is hard to tell who is dangerous. (True Answer )Correct schools. Incorrect student victims. Incorrect attack them, as well as their

2800 Imagine that you see a video on YouTube designed to encourage young people who are gay and being bullied. It is probably part of a program called: -Defense is For Everyone. Incorrect

2801 A child is receiving problem-solving skills training as a treatment for conduct disorder. You can be reasonably sure that: Incorrect

re cognitive behavioral. (True Answer )Correct 2802 A preadolescent child who has not received a clinical diagnosis participates in a program designed to stop the development of an antisocial pattern of behavior. MOST likely, that program is: oping and Coping Power Program. Incorrect

2803 Pat does not follow what the teacher is doing and has difficulty focusing on the task at hand. His behavior in class is disruptive because he cannot sit still, which leads to poor grades in school. These symptoms MOST likely indicate: ect 2804 A child's distracting behaviors occur only in a school setting, and include failure to follow instructions and finish work, answering questions before they have been completed, and a lot of seat squirming and fidgeting. Could ADHD be a diagnosis of this child? ptoms occur in only one setting. (True Answer )Correct 2805 Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is MORE common in ______ than in ______. )Correct -deficit / hyperactivity disorder. (True Answer )Correct

2806 The two MOST common treatments for attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder have been: rapy and sociotherapy. Incorrect 2807 What would be the BEST answer to give to parents of a child recently diagnosed with ADHD in response to their questions about what caused it? Incorrect

Incorrect

active child.

Answer )Correct 2808 Among the likely causes of ADHD are all of the following EXCEPT: nswer )Correct -concept. Incorrect 2809 The drug Ritalin is classified as a(n):

2810 What should I look for in an effective ADHD treatment program? a friend asks. Your BEST answer among the following alternatives is: outperforms even Ritalin. Incorrect 2811 The latest research on the use of Ritalin to treat ADHD suggests which of the following? effectiveness and safety has been done almost exclusively on white American children. (True Answer )Correct adolescents. Incorrect n used as a recreational drug. Incorrect

idepressant. Incorrect

2812 Compared to white American children, African American and Hispanic American children with similar levels of activity and attention problems are: ADHD. Incorrect ADHD. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct Incorrect 2813 HD, and less likely to be diagnosed with ADHD.

Compared to white American children, African American and Hispanic American children with similar levels of activity and attention problems are: treatment. (True Answer )Correct treatment. Incorrect treatment. Incorrect treatment. Incorrect 2814 Of the following parents, the ones LEAST likely to have children who receive effective treatment for ADHD are: -insured. Incorrect African Americans who are Medicaid-insured. (True Answer )Correct 2815 Of the following reasons, the LEAST likely to contribute to the differences between African Americans and white Americans in receiving long-acting stimulant drug treatment for ADHD is:

2816 Two childrenone, African-American and the other, white Americandisplay exactly the same symptoms of overactivity. What is MOST likely to happen? be diagnosed with possibly a lower IQ or substance abuse. (True Answer )Correct American will be diagnosed with ADHD, and the white American will not be diagnosed with anything. Incorrect the white American and social causes for the African American. Incorrect 2817 A 3-year-old child is wetting the bed at night. The bed-wetting apparently is beyond the child's control. The BESTdiagnosis is:

ase. (True Answer )Correct 2818 Elimination disorders are diagnosed when which of the following criteria has been met?

bodily functions. (True Answer )Correct e a physical illness causing the disorder. Incorrect Incorrect 2819 Joey has been wetting his bed since he was a baby. He is 10 years old now. As a result, he will not stay over at his friend's house or go to camp. His condition is called:

2820 A child awakens suddenly to the sound of a bell, and heads for the bathroom. MOST likely the child is receiving: ect 2821 One useful approach to treating enuresis employs:

2822 A child is awakened during the night, uses the toilet, and receives a sticker and praise from a parent. Later in the week, accumulated stickers may be turned in for a highly desired toy. This child is undergoing: -bed training for enuresis. (True Answer )Correct -bed training for encopresis. Incorrect -and-battery therapy for enuresis. Incorrect -and-battery therapy for encopresis. Incorrect 2823 A teenager's parents are down on her all the time. When they are not criticizing her, they ignore her. This is an example of:

2824 You read a case study about a ten-year-old girl from a poor background who was sexually abused. This case is:

abuse. Incorrect common victims of sexual abuse. (True Answer )Correct girls from wealthy backgrounds are the most common victims of sexual abuse. Incorrect sexual abuse. Incorrect 2825 If there were several Parents Anonymous groups in a city near you, you could be sure that in that city: receiving help. Incorrect other drug, were receiving help Incorrect help. Incorrect )Correct 2826 The MOST common and successful treatments for encopresis are:

2827 From which of the following pairs of disorders is a child MOST likely to recover by adulthood?

2828 Your daughter is MORE likely than your son to be diagnosed with:

2829 The child most likely to show the first symptom of autism spectrum disorder would be a:

2830

A female child is diagnosed with autism. Later, as an adult, she is unable to hold a job and has very limited communication skills. Her case is: their symptoms usually diminish substantially by early adulthood. Incorrect ectrum disorder are males, and their symptoms usually remain severe into adulthood. (True Answer )Correct and their symptoms usually diminish substantially by early adulthood. Incorrect their symptoms usually remain severe into adulthood. Incorrect 2831 Assume that you are alone in a room with a child suffering from a disorder of childhood. If you didn't know what the child's diagnosis was, what behavior of the child's might start to convince you that the disorder is autism spectrum disorder? Correct 2832 The mockingbird gets its name from the fact that it often imitates the call of other birds, without conveying any particular message. A child who imitates others' speech without any sign of understanding it, MOST likely would be diagnosed with:

ppositional defiant disorder Incorrect 2833 One speech problem displayed by many children with autism spectrum disorder is that they repeat everything said to them. This is called: . Incorrect 2834 When a child with autism spectrum disorder says You want a drink when he really means that he wants a drink, he is displaying -stimulatory behavior. Incorrect limited imagination. Incorrect 2835 A person who has difficulty with interpersonal interactions but is otherwise high functioning and would have been diagnosed with Asperger's disorder in the past, will now, in DSM-5, be diagnosed with:

2836 Individuals with autism spectrum disorder may react with tantrums if an object is moved to a different part of the room. This is known as:

2837 A child has autism spectrum disorder and does not like much variation in his life. He puts his toys on a shelf in a particular order and throws a tantrum if his mother moves any of them. Any one of several trivial changes in his daily routine can set him off. This is an example of: -stimulatory behavior. Incorrect 2838 When a child with autism spectrum disorder jumps, flaps her arms, twists her hands and fingers and makes unusual faces, the child is engaging in: -injurious behavior. Incorrect -communication behavior. Incorrect -motor behavior. Incorrect -stimulatory behavior (True Answer )Correct 2839 The BEST way to characterize children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder is that they: )Correct ect

2840 According to one psychological view of autism, the awareness that other people base their behaviors on their own belief, and not on information they have no way of knowing, is NOT present in children with autism spectrum disorder. This ability is called:

2841 It is possible, even probable, that 'refrigerator parents'cold, rejecting, rigid caused this disorder. This is a reasonable statement about the cause of many cases of:

sperger's disorder. Incorrect 2842 Research has shown that, during infancy and early childhood, autistic children are MORE likely to: raised in a family with financial difficulties than are normal children. Incorrect 2843 A child with autism is laughing, but sees another child crying. When asked what the other child is feeling, the child with autism is MOST likely to say: Incorrect -blindness. (True Answer )Correct

2844 Imagine that I just stubbed my toe and cried Ouch. A child with autism, when asked if I was hurt, said, No, because he wasn't hurt. This inability to take the perspective of another is referred to as: -stimulatory behavior. Incorrect -blindness. (True Answer )Correct 2845 Which of the following statements reflects current research about the biological causes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? brain functioning. Incorrect problem. (True Answer )Correct

ogical causes, leading to a common brain

brain stem. Incorrect 2846 The MOST recent research has provided evidence that the primary causes of autism spectrum disorder include:

2847

Recent studies show that children with autistic spectrum disorder are MORE likely than other children to have abnormalities in which section of the brain?

2848 A person diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder listens to a piano piece at a concert. Later at home, the person plays the piano piece without the music, and without making a mistake. This behavior is best described as a: behavior. Incorrect 2849 Based on the MOST current research, we can conclude that: ated to some, but not all of the cases of autism. Incorrect autism has declined. Incorrect )Correct 2850 Studies of the use of cognitive-behavioral techniques in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder have shown that cognitive-behavioral techniques can produce: -term gains in school achievement and intelligence test performance. (True Answer )Correct -term gains in school achievement and intelligence test performance. Incorrect -term gains in school achievement, but only short-term gains in intelligence test performance. Incorrect -term gains in school achievement, but long-term gains in intelligence test performance. Incorrect 2851 Recent work has revealed that the MOST effective treatment for autism has been the use of: -behavioral therapy. (True Answer )Correct herapy. Incorrect -humanistic therapy. Incorrect

2852 The LEAP program for treating children with autism spectrum disorder is unique because it involves the use of: ions. Incorrect

2853 A child with autism spectrum disorder points to a picture of a fork on a board rather than saying, I want food. This child is using: -communication device. Incorrect system. Incorrect 2854 What is the BEST educational treatment for a child with a serious level of dysfunction on the autism spectrum?

Answer )Correct -schooled Incorrect 2855 If a child on the autism spectrum were being encouraged to engage in child-initiated interactions, the child would be: a communications board to make requests known. Incorrect )Correct 2856 Which one of the following people would MOST correctly be diagnosed with intellectual developmental disorder? well in life Incorrect 2857 If you were trying to learn a new language and you could understand it better than you could speak it, you would be showing symptoms MOST like: exia. Incorrect

2858 A reading proficiency level that is much lower than would be expected based on the measure of general intelligence is called:

2859 A child does well in some school subjects. However, the only way that he can read is slowly, one word at a time. He must direct his gaze with his index finger. Even with great effort, he makes many errors and has poor comprehension. This is a description of: Answer )Correct 2860 The specific symptoms associated with dyslexia include: impairment of the ability to recognize words and to comprehend what is being read. (True Answer )Correct organization. Incorrect 2861 A child displays normal behavior and intelligence, but she does not seem to be able to explain her actions and intentions as well as you would expect. If the deficit is severe enough, she might be diagnosed with: -deficit disorder. Incorrect -language disorder. (True Answer )Correct

2862 A child has received the diagnosis of developmental coordination disorder. You would expect that he would have a problem: from a book out loud. Incorrect problem. Incorrect 2863 Fred has an IQ of 65 and cannot do schoolwork. He lives on the streets by begging, is usually dirty, and is always hungry. He would MOST likely be diagnosed with:

2864 Quentin is 25, has an IQ of 60, and never did well at schoolwork. However, he now lives on his own, has a job, and is able to perform the routine chores of life. He would not be considered to have intellectual developmental disorder because: rect

2865 The use of IQ test results to diagnose intellectual developmental disorder has been criticized for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

2866 Intelligence test results should not be the only things used to determine intellectual developmental disorder, because intelligence test scores: rect 2867 What does it mean to say that intelligence tests are culturally biased? who are exposed to the kinds of language and typical experiences that the test evaluates. (True Answer )Correct 2868 Mild mental retardation is MOST common in which socioeconomic class?

swer )Correct

Mild mental retardation is about equally common across socioeconomic classes. Incorrect 2869 About what percentage of those diagnosed with mental retardation fall into the category of mild intellectual developmental disorder? ct

2870 MOST cases of mild intellectual developmental disorder seem to be related to: er )Correct 2871 Isabelle is born into a very poor family. Both parents have below-average IQs and are barely able to support and provide for themselves. Isabelle's nutrition and health care have never been very good. She is at risk for:

-deficit disorder. Incorrect 2872 Early home intervention programs for those in the mild intellectual developmental disorder category: in adulthood. Incorrect and in adulthood Incorrect adulthood. (True Answer )Correct 2873 The percentage of individuals at the four levels of intellectual developmental disorder from mild to profound: ct 2874 If one knew nothing more than that the person with intellectual developmental disorder also had extensive and severe neurological dysfunction and physical handicaps, the MOST likely estimate of that person's level of mental retardation would be: school and

True Answer )Correct 2875 Children with multiple physical and neurological problems that seriously limit their functioning are MOST likely to be diagnosed with which level of intellectual developmental disorder? re or profound (True Answer )Correct Incorrect 2876 Biological factors are NOT the most important causes of which level of intellectual developmental disorder? orrect

retardation. Incorrect

2877 MOST diagnosed cases of Down syndrome are of the: ect -related type. Incorrect 2878 Paula has moderate intellectual developmental disorder, a small head and flat face, as well as a protruding tongue. Her condition is MOST likely: Incorrect -Sachs disease. Incorrect 2879 The most common of the identified chromosomal causes of Down syndrome is: slocation. Incorrect 2880 Individuals with Down syndrome: population without Down syndrome. Incorrect population without Down syndrome. Incorrect population without Down syndrome. (True Answer )Correct s similar to those of people with fetal alcohol syndrome. Incorrect 2881 Shy and anxious children who have mild to moderate degrees of intellectual dysfunction, language impairments, and behavioral problems are MOST likely to be diagnosed with: 1. Incorrect tics as do those in the general

2882 An infant is diagnosed with a biological disorder. As she ages, her physical and mental conditions deteriorate steadily so that she loses vision and motor control, and at the age of 3, she dies. Most likely, she was suffering from: -Sachs disease. (True Answer )Correct

2883

Which of the following do phenylketonuria and Tay-Sachs disease have in common? Incorrect Incorrect 2884 An iodine deficiency in the diet of a pregnant woman may lead to a condition in which the baby has a dwarflike appearance and a defective thyroid gland. This disorder is called:

2885 If a pregnant woman wishes to avoid having a child with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), what should she do? avoid drinking alcohol, since no safe level of drinking while pregnant has been established. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect alcohol per day. Incorrect

-Sachs disease. Incorrect

per day. Incorrect 2886 Most colleges and universities now require students to have a meningitis vaccination before enrolling. Untreated meningitis can lead to: inism. Incorrect

2887 Anoxia, one possible source of intellectual developmental disorder, involves brain damage resulting from: lead-based paint. Incorrect

2888 In poor inner-city neighborhoods, children sometimes eat paint that is flaking off walls. This can sometimes lead to intellectual developmental disorder due of:

2889

During the 1960s and 1970s, the criteria for remaining in state schools changed, and many individuals with intellectual developmental disorders were released into the community. This is an example of: rmalization program. Incorrect 2890 MOST children with intellectual developmental disorder live: unty-run institutions. Incorrect -run institutions. Incorrect

2891 Nations that pioneered normalization in the treatment of intellectual developmental disorder include: viet Union and China. Incorrect 2892 A woman is in a facility for those with intellectual developmental disorder. She has her own apartment, dresses herself, and goes to the dining room, where she orders breakfast off a menu. She then goes to work in a sheltered workshop. At the end of the day, she goes home to her apartment and gets ready for dinner. This arrangement is part of: zation program. (True Answer )Correct 2893 A child is in public school, but he is grouped with other low-IQ children like him. He and his classmates have a specially designed program that is different from that of the other children in the school. This is MOST likely an example of:

2551 Distinguish between the components of personality and the components of personality disorder. 2552 Describe the three clusters of personality disorders. Additionally, list and briefly describe the specific disorders that make up each cluster.

2553 What are the MOST important differences between the odd/eccentric and the dramatic personality disorders? Include an example of one specific disorder per category to support your answer. 2554 Why is psychotherapy so often ineffective in treating the odd personality disorders? What suggestions, based on evidence, might you make to maximize the chances of helping someone with an odd personality disorder? 2555 One of the most common, and certainly most troubling of the personality disorders is antisocial personality disorder. First, define antisocial personality disorder. Second, outline other behavior patterns with which this disorder is associated. Finally, suggest a course of treatment for someone suffering from this disorder. 2556 Outline the similarities and differences between antisocial and borderline personality disorder. Additionally, discuss treatment options for both. Finally, discuss the reasons why these disorders are resistant to psychotherapy. 2557 Take the perspective of both a psychodynamic and a cognitive psychologist. First, how would they each explain the causes of histrionic and narcissistic personality disorder? Additionally, suggest general treatments for both disorders. 2558 Why does the DSM-5 have a category for anxious personality disorders when there already exists a category for other types of anxiety disorders? Justify the use of anxious personality disorders, either by describing how obsessive-compulsive personality disorder differs from obsessive-compulsive disorder, or describing how dependent personality disorder differs from depressive disorder. 2559 What are some problems with using the DSM-5 to diagnose personality disorders? Discuss two alternatives to DSM-5 diagnoses that are receiving research attention today. 2560 The persistent and consistent personality characteristics that lead us to react in fairly predictable ways are often called personality ______. 2561

A pattern of inflexible and maladaptive personality traits that impair social or occupational functioning and cause intense distress are indicative of ______. 2562 If two disorders tend to occur together, we call the relationship ______. 2563 Suspicion is a major symptom of ______ personality disorder. 2564 ______ personality disorder is distrusting the motives of others. 2565 Individuals who are detached and reclusive, with no interest in developing relationships, may experience ______ personality disorder. 2566 John experiences ideas of reference and bodily illusions. MOST likely, John has a ______ personality disorder. 2567 The drugs MOST likely to be used to treat the schizotypal personality disorder are ______. 2568 Lev has a lifelong history of misconduct, including vandalism, fighting, and a disregard for other peoples' rights. He fits the description of someone with ______ personality disorder. 2569 A con artist is MOST likely to suffer from a(n) ______ personality disorder. 2570 Impulsive behaviors and swinging in and out of depressed, anxious, and irritable states are characteristic of the ______ personality disorder.

2571 Marcel has a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking. He may be demonstrating a(n) ______ personality disorder. 2572 A person who was overly indulged by his or her parents, received excessive, unconditional parental valuation, and was not required to follow rules or develop self-control is at risk for developing ______ personality disorder. 2573 Social phobias may be related to ______ personality disorder. 2574 Willa cannot do anything on her own and consults others, even on the smallest decision. She is constantly in need of praise to validate her work and is overly sensitive to any disagreement. She will do almost anything to please others. She may be experiencing ______ personality disorder. 2575 The characteristic of perfectionism and a striving for control are associated with ______ personality disorder. -compulsive (True Answer ) 2576 According to the psychodynamic view, obsessive-compulsive personality is related to fixation during the ______ stage. anal (True Answer ) 2577 A growing number of personality theorists believe that personality disorders differ more in ______ than in ______ of dysfunction. 2578 Many clinicians favor moving from a categorical to a(n) _____ approach for diagnosis; a possible change in the next edition of DSM. 2579 Neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness are all traits measured on the _______ approach.

2580 The enduring pattern of inner thoughts and emotions along with outward behavior that is unique to each individual is termed:

2581 The consistencies of one's characteristics are called:

ividuality. Incorrect

2582 What differentiates normal personality characteristics from personality disorders?

ect. (True Answer )Correct 2583 The MOST important similarity among the personality disorders listed in the text is that: llness. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct other people. Incorrect 2584 DSM-5, like its predecessor, DSM-IV-TR, identifies 10 personality disorders utilizing a:

2585 All of the following are criticisms of DSM-5 diagnoses of personality disorders EXCEPT:

Incorrect 2586

w research into the new edition. (True Answer )Correct

One reason that the personality disorders are difficult to treat is that the afflicted individuals: a problem. (True Answer )Correct 2587 Comorbidity means that: isorder automatically implies the other. Incorrect preceded it. Incorrect 2588 Personality disorders are categorized into three main clusters that include all of the following EXCEPT:

2589 Which of the following would a phrenologist MOST likely have done? assessed personality by feeling for bumps and indentations on the head (True Answer )Correct symptoms Incorrect 2590 The categorical approach to personality disorders assumes that: ty disorders are best understood on a continuum based on severity of symptoms. Incorrect Incorrect 2591 Based on a structured interview, Diagnostician A classifies an individual's personality disorder in the odd cluster. Based on another structured interview of the same type, Diagnostician B classifies an individual's personality disorder in the dramatic cluster. If what is described here is typical of what happens when that variety of structured interview is used, one would say the structured interview has: t orrect

2592 If you believe that personality disorders are BEST understood as a matter of degree in difference from typical personality rather than as a specific diagnosis, you agree with:

2593 How do personality disorders differ from the personality characteristics of typical people? Answer )Correct antipsychotic medication. Incorrect 2594 An individual has just received a diagnosis of paranoid personality disorder. That individual is MOST likely to have a parent or sibling who has: er. Incorrect

2595 Which of the following statements is MOST accurate, in terms of current research findings? ia. Incorrect Answer )Correct Incorrect 2596 The category of odd personality disorders includes the traits of:

her.

me suspiciousness, social withdrawal, and cognitive and perceptual peculiarities. (True Answer )Correct 2597 Reese is distrustful of others and reacts quickly to perceived threats. Even though he has no evidence, he is sure his wife is unfaithful. He finds it almost impossible to forgive those he thinks have wronged him. Reese displays the characteristics of:

2598 It is clear that very demanding parents caused this person to develop paranoid personality disorder. This statement MOST likely would be made by someone from which of the following theoretical perspectives?

essive-compulsive personality disorder. Incorrect

2599 According to current research, if a person living in the United States is distrustful of both lawyers and congressional members, that type of person is: rust of lawyers defines those with paranoid personality disorder. Incorrect congressional members. (True Answer )Correct 2600 A person experiencing paranoid personality disorder frequently says things like You've got to get them before they get you, and People have been sinners since the Garden of Eden. If these sayings reflect maladaptive assumptions the person has about people in general, the theorist who would be LEAST surprised would have which theoretical position?

2601 Which of the following statements regarding the treatment of paranoid personality disorder is MOST accurate?

veness and progress slowly. (True Answer )Correct 2602 One similarity of those experiencing paranoid personality disorder and those experiencing schizoid personality disorder is that they tend: distrust others. Incorrect 2603 The schizoid personality disorder differs from paranoid personality disorder in that:

schizoid personality disorder seek close affiliations with others, while those with paranoid personality do not. Incorrect personality can be treated with psychotherapy. Incorrect personality disorder; the opposite is true for men. Incorrect personality are alone because of suspiciousness. (True Answer )Correct 2604 Wes has always been a loner. He has never much cared for being with other people and does not form relationships easily. He appears to be without emotion. Wes may be exhibiting: (True Answer )Correct

2605 The theorist who describes schizoid personality disorder as developing from coping with parental rejection by avoiding relationships represents the:

2606 The parents of those with schizoid personality disorder are MOST likely to have been:

2607 A person who is LEAST likely to be affected by criticism or praise from other people is one suffering from:

2608 An individual diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder reports having a great deal of difficulty figuring out how others feel, and as a child had difficulty developing adequate language skills. These findings would make the MOST sense to a theorist with which background? correct

-compulsive personality disorder. Incorrect

2609 Cognitive theorists believe that because of their difficulty scanning the environment, perceiving accurately, and picking up emotional cues, those with schizoid personalities develop ______ very slowly.

2610 There is a new game called Moods where one acts out the mood listed on a card. Being encouraged to play this game is most like the treatment _____ might use for those with schizoid disorders. erapists Incorrect 2611 The type of therapy that generally provides the least help for those with schizoid personality disorder is:

other alternatives provide help for those with schizoid personality disorder. Incorrect 2612 Schizotypal personality disorders differ from other odd personality disorders in that they are related to schizophrenia and: d disorders. (True Answer )Correct 2613 When Selina sees a report of a train wreck on television, she thinks that it is a sign that she should not take the train to work the next day and so decides to take the bus instead. If she has a diagnosable personality disorder, it is MOST likely: lity disorder. Incorrect

2614 A belief that the news anchor on CNN is giving one important messages about one's behavior reflects: -aggressive disorder. Incorrect

2615 Digressive and vague language with loose associations accompanied by attention and concentration problems are characteristic of:

2616 The disorder that appears to be MOST closely related to the schizotypal personality disorder is: -compulsive disorder. Incorrect 2617 A person who does poorly on a task called backward masking is MOST likely to be experiencing:

2618 A client has enlarged brain ventricles and a measurable loss of gray matter. These symptoms are: personality disorder. Incorrect antisocial personality disorder. Incorrect Answer )Correct Incorrect 2619 Characteristics of the Virginia Tech shooter reveal that he: Answer )Correct diagnosis is

sonality disorders. Incorrect

2620 As part of their therapy, clients learn to evaluate their unusual thoughts, track the accuracy of magical predictions, and reconnect with the world and with their limitations. The diagnoses of these clients would MOST likely be in which of the following broad categories of personality disorder?

2621 Should drugs be used in the treatment of schizotypal personality disorder? nts. Incorrect 2622 Which category of personality disorder contains the disorders MOST commonly diagnosed?

diagnosis. Incorrect 2623 An adult has been jailed for the third time for fraud; each time it has been for persuading investors to put money into a phony silver mine. If the adult has received a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis, it is MOST likely either: -related disorder. Incorrect disorder. Incorrect -related disorder. (True Answer )Correct 2624 A friend of yours says, A 15-year-old high schooler accused of shooting several classmates received a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder. Your MOST accurate reply would be: Incorrect only diagnosis, either. Incorrect 2625 Cruelty to animals and people, destruction of property, and truancy before the age of 15: rder. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 2626 Which of these well-known people appears to have displayed symptoms of antisocial personality disorder?

2627 Ben set up an elaborate scheme to mine gold in the Rockies. He had a large town meeting and made a presentation of his stock. The shares were only $5 each, and everyone could afford them. He showed pictures of the mine and explained how the company expected to gross $100 million each month. As it turns out, he was a terrific con artist who had made several successful proposals such as this in towns across America in the last couple of years. He is MOST likely suffering from: r. Incorrect -compulsive personality disorder. Incorrect

2628 Which of the following statements is NOT generally true of those with antisocial personality disorder?

)Correct

2629 Sarah respects none of society's boundaries and is insensitive to other people, frequently violating their rights. She does not consider the consequences of her actions. She MOST probably experiences:

or their own safety or the safety of others. Incorrect

2630 A friend says to you, He must have antisocial personality disorder; look how careful he is about his own well-being, but how careless he is about others' safety. Your MOST accurate reply would be: Incorrect ly right; most people with antisocial personality disorder are careful about the safety of family members. Incorrect about their own safety, as well as the safety of others. (True Answer )Correct careless of their own safety, but show at least some concern for others' safety. Incorrect 2631

If you wanted to write a book about a fictional character who is a typical example of antisocial personality disorder, you might have the character exhibit all of the following EXCEPT: ghts. Incorrect 2632 Which of the following statements BEST represents current knowledge about mass murderers? to behave as they do. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct offer treatment to all who need it. Incorrect diagnoses. Incorrect 2633 Which of the following marks an individual as a pseudocommando? killed while committing mass murder (True Answer )Correct 2634 Which of the following is MOST characteristic of mass murderers?

2635 The strong relationship between antisocial personality disorder and substance abuse means that: Incorrect disorder. (True Answer )Correct cured. Incorrect 2636 The two childhood disorders that have been related to later antisocial personality disorder are: rrect

)Correct 2637 The absence of parental love results in emotional detachment and the use of power to form relationships. This is most likely a _____ personality disorder.

-deficit hyperactivity disorder. (True Answer

2638 The fact that children may learn antisocial behavior by modeling parental conflict and aggressiveness provides support for: ic and behavioral theories. Incorrect 2639 A young boy is constantly told by his parents to Be a man! whenever he is in conflict with friends. In turn, his parents themselves often act aggressively toward each other, and toward him. The theorist who would be BEST able to explain an adult diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder for this boy would be a ______ theorist. ect 2640 Giving in to a child's refusal to comply with a parental request may inadvertently reinforce stubborn and defiant behavior, setting the scene for the development of antisocial personality disorder. This is most like a ______ disorder.

hodynamic (True Answer )Correct

2641 Biologically speaking, if one wanted to treat antisocial personality disorder, one would want to ______ the individual with the disorder.

behavior in Incorrect 2642 Assume a study of prison inmates diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder shows that they generally experience less anxiety than other people when they lie or con others. This outcome would most strongly support which theoretical position?

2643 Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding antisocial personality disorder? ed, and most who are treated are not helped much. (True Answer )Correct substantially. Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect 2644 An individual with a diagnosed personality disorder is emotionally unstable, impulsive, and reckless. This person's diagnosis is likely to be which of the following personality disorders? -compulsive Incorrect 2645 There's nothing out there for me. I can't stand other people, and I can't stand myself, either. I'm just really mad right now. Such a statement would most likely be made by someone with which personality disorder?

2646 That personality disorder has become so common, I encounter it almost every day in the emergency room. MOST likely, this doctor is talking about which personality disorder?

2647 Lisa felt like she was on an emotional roller coaster. She felt angry and empty. Lisa's feelings are MOST similar to those of someone with: -compulsive personality disorder. Incorrect order. (True Answer )Correct

2648 What is a common reason for the hospitalization of people with borderline personality disorder? They finally cannot care for themselves. Incorrect Incorrect 2649 Transported to the hospital after a suicide attempt, a man is later admitted to the hospital's psychiatric wing. His history showed other self-destructive behaviors and recklessness. MOST likely, if the man is diagnosed with a personality disorder, it will be: . Incorrect 2650 Studies of those diagnosed with borderline personality disorder show that: Incorrect ss than half attempt suicide at least once in their lives, and over 5 percent succeed. Incorrect Incorrect t 10 percent succeed. (True Answer )Correct 2651 A therapist treating a client diagnosed with borderline personality disorder came up with the following analysis: the parents probably did not want children in the first place; the child just was not accepted; the child developed low self-esteem, dependency, and an inability to cope with separation. The therapist's theoretical orientation is probably:

nitive-behavioral theory. Incorrect 2652 Gort's parents never quite liked him, probably did not want children in the first place. He just was not accepted. It was clear early in school that Gort had a low opinion of himself and did not know how to interact with the other children. Now he cuts himself and has been to the ER several times. This is a description of the possible development of:

r. Incorrect 2653 Which of the following has experienced triggering? Incorrect Incorrect someone else do it (True Answer )Correct -injury but encourages others not to do so Incorrect 2654 If an individual has damage to the prefrontal cortex, which of the following symptoms would MOST likely be observed? t -control, and decision making (True Answer )Correct shooting himself while someone else films it

2655 Which of the following have sociocultural theorists suggested as a cause for the emergence of borderline personality disorder? t

2656 Which of the following would MOST clearly fit into the biosocial theory of the development of borderline personality disorder? prefrontal cortex Incorrect borderline personality disorder Incorrect engages in self-injurious behavior while under the influence of illegal substances Incorrect mislabel those emotions (True Answer )Correct 2657 The inability to accurately interpret one's internal biological emotional or physiological states is characteristic of both: -injurious behavior. Incorrect correct 2658

That's it! says your friend, the psychotherapist. I can't work with that client. As soon as I show any empathy at all, it becomes almost impossible to challenge the client, and the client keeps calling me at all hours of the day. MOST likely, this is a client with: -compulsive personality disorder. Incorrect 2659 What aspect of dialectical behavior therapy relates to psychodynamic theory? ral influences on behavior Incorrect therapist relationship. (True Answer )Correct

2660 A friend asks your advice about the MOST effective therapy to use for treating borderline personality disorder. Your BEST answer is: ere is no effective therapy for borderline personality disorder.? Incorrect Incorrect suggests that dialectical behavior therapy is the most effective.? (True Answer )Correct 2661 When dialectical behavior therapy is used with patients with borderline personality disorder, those patients, compared to patients receiving other forms of therapy, make:

Incorrect Incorrect 2662 Dr. Marsha Linehan, the developer of dialectical behavior therapy, would have diagnosed her young adult self with: ect

2663 A patient receiving dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for borderline personality disorder experiences an emotion that he or she realizes is inappropriate. Immediately after, the patient acts in a very different, appropriate, way. This DBT procedure is called:

)Correct 2664 Dialectical behavior therapy emphasizes all of the following EXCEPT: Incorrect

-therapist relationship. Incorrect

)Correct 2665 A therapist states, I seldom use drugs when I treat clients with borderline personality disorder. The therapist MOST likely says this because: Answer )Correct Incorrect dialectical behavior therapy, the most effective therapy for those with borderline personality disorder. Incorrect 2666 A client is searching for the BEST treatment for borderline personality disorder. Will drug treatment be effective if it is the only intervention the client receives? expensive. Incorrect expensive. Incorrect )Correct 2667 Beatlemania gripped the United States in the 1960s when the British rock group The Beatles performed; adoring fans screamed, sometimes fainted, and shouted exaggerated, emotional praise at the group. These behaviors MOST closely resemble the characteristics of: . (True Answer )Correct ell as drugs plus psychotherapy, but are

2668 You had one eye in the mirror as you watched yourself/You're so vain, you probably think this song is about you/You're so vain sang Carly Simon in the 1973 #1 hit, You're So Vain. If the subject of the song were diagnosed with a personality disorder, which of the following would be the MOST likely diagnosis?

nic (True Answer )Correct 2669 When the seat belt light in DiDi's car stays on for a few extra seconds, she bursts into tears. She always craves attention and reacts to even the smallest event with an elaborate show of emotion. She probably could receive a diagnosis of:

2670 A person constantly strives to be the center of attention, yet the ideas the person so eloquently expresses are usually shallow and changeable. If this person were diagnosed with a personality disorder, it MOST likely would be: )Correct -compulsive. Incorrect 2671 The problem is that they assume they can't take care of themselves, so they think others have to meet their needs. This pattern of thinking is not very helpful in trying to deal with histrionic personality disorder. A psychologist from which of the following perspectives would agree MOST strongly with this quote?

ral Incorrect 2672 The type of therapist MOST likely to try to help people diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder to believe they are not helpless, and to teach them better thinking skills, is a ______ therapist: ve (True Answer )Correct 2673 I am the greatest! a famous boxer declared loudly and often. Had he in fact acted throughout his adult life as though he were the greatest, the most appropriate diagnosis would be:

-control personality disorder. Incorrect 2674

The personality disorder that is characterized by the need for undying love and admiration is:

2675 Ty is fairly handsome, but not as handsome as he thinks he is. He doesn't care about anyone but himself and is sure that everyone around him feels the same way. He is MOST likely experiencing:

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Incorrect 2676 The flower children of the 1960s and 1970s have sometimes been called the me generation, reflecting the supposed self-centered individualism of the time. If this is true, a sociocultural theorist would predict a larger than usual percentage of which kind of personality disorder among the aging me generation? -compulsive Incorrect 2677 Behavioral and cognitive theorists propose that people who develop narcissistic personality disorder may have been treated: e. Incorrect 2678 You might suspect an era of narcissism is approaching for a country when: -expression and competitiveness. (True Answer )Correct in women's and men's clothing undergo substantial shifts. Incorrect 2679 Assume you have to give an in-class presentation about narcissistic personality disorder. What is the MOST accurate thing you can say about treatment for this disorder? est. Incorrect 2680

A client is initially very resistant to therapy, cannot acknowledge weaknesses, and ignores feedback. MOST likely, the client is experiencing: personality disorder, and will not make much progress in therapy. Incorrect Incorrect (True Answer )Correct therapy. Incorrect 2681 Like those with paranoid personality disorder, those with avoidant personality disorder usually: rrect )Correct 2682 Elena can't seem to establish social ties because she is afraid of being embarrassed or appearing foolish. She is easily hurt by criticism and is not willing to go into unfamiliar situations. She may be experiencing: nswer )Correct 2683 Avoidant personality disorder seems MOST closely related to: ct 2684 If a person primarily fears close social relationships, one would MOST likely conclude that the person is experiencing: obia and avoidance personality disorder. Incorrect 2685 According to psychodynamic theorists, an important factor in the development of avoidant personality disorder is: guilt. Incorrect

2686 A client being treated for avoidant personality disorder must increase the number of social contacts per day. The person, at the least, must greet others with the sentence, Hello; how are you doing? MOST likely, the therapist has which theoretical background?

2687 Group therapy is particularly useful in the treatment of avoidant personality disorder MAINLY because group therapy: too. Incorrect ctic combination of theoretical approaches. Incorrect

ultural Incorrect

2688 Cognitive therapy for avoidant personality disorder focuses on: actice in social behaviors in a group setting. Incorrect her self- image. (True Answer )Correct gradually increase their social contacts. Incorrect ts to

unconscious conflicts that may be operating. Incorrect 2689 A person who has an excessive need to be taken care of and is clingy is MOST likely to qualify for a diagnosis of:

2690 People with avoidant personality disorder have difficulty ______ relationships, while people with dependent personality disorder have difficulty ______ relationships. correct 2691 A high school student asks a guidance counselor, parents, and friends for suggestions before deciding on a college to attend, and on an academic major. This student's behavior is: nt personality disorder. Incorrect

2692 If parents excessively reinforce clinging and punish attempts at independence, the result might be the development of: er )Correct 2693 A child who is severely criticized for acting independently, and who is praised for doing exactly what parents say to do, later develops dependent personality disorder. The therapist who would be LEAST surprised by this outcome would have which theoretical orientation?

2694 Be loyal to your family was what the child heard all the time, along with You shouldn't and can'tdo it on your own, so don't even try. A behaviorist would say this kind of upbringing would be MOST likely to produce which of the personality disorders in the child, when he or she reached adulthood? ncorrect

2695 Group therapy is a good option for those with dependent personality disorder; they'll be able to observe others' coping skills, and model them. This statement would MOST likely be made by a therapist having which of the following theoretical perspectives?

2696 One especially good reason to use a form of group therapy in the treatment of dependent personality disorder is that: dependent. Incorrect they observe it in the other group members. Incorrect to one another. (True Answer )Correct

dependent personality disorder. Incorrect 2697 In the United States, most teenagers have cell phones and text. Which of the following MOST accurately describes adult cell phone usage? ll phones, but most of them do not text. Incorrect 2698 The TV show Monk features a detective who is very seldom happy, has few good friends, has a very rigid order and way in which he must do things, and who frequently has difficulty making up his mind about what to do. If he were diagnosed with a personality disorder, it would MOST likely be a ______ disorder. ic Incorrect -compulsive (True Answer )Correct 2699 The TV show Saturday Night Live once featured a skit involving an Anal Retentive Carpenter, who had to keep all his tools and work materials in just the right places, arranged just so. He was very anxious any time tools and materials were not just as he wanted them. The MOST appropriate diagnosis for the carpenter would be: -compulsive personality disorder. (True Answer )Correct borderline personality disorder. Incorrect -control personality disorder. Incorrect 2700 Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is MOST common among: Incorrect 2701 Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between obsessivecompulsive disorder (an anxiety disorder) and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder? not suffer from both of them at the same time. Incorrect -compulsive personality disorder also experience obsessive- compulsive disorder (an anxiety disorder). (True Answer )Correct sive-compulsive personality disorder is obsessive-compulsive disorder (an anxiety disorder). Incorrect -compulsive disorders are comorbid over half the time. Incorrect 2702

Psychodynamic theorists explain obsessive-compulsive personality disorder as a fixation at the:

2703 It is obvious that this case of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder arises from an early childhood fixation. Which type of psychologist would MOST likely have made that statement?

2704 With the help of a therapist, a client with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder has experienced a dramatic decrease in both dichotomous thinking and worrying. The client's behavior is: -compulsive personality disorder seek help, and this person is most likely receiving cognitive therapy. Incorrect -compulsive personality disorder seek help, and this person is most likely receiving psychodynamic therapy. Incorrect -compulsive personality disorder do not seek help, and this person is most likely receiving cognitive therapy. (True Answer )Correct -compulsive personality disorder do not seek help, and this person is most likely receiving psychodynamic therapy. Incorrect 2705 Those diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder appear MORE responsive to which kinds of therapy?

2706 A group of diagnostic clinicians can't agree with each other on appropriate personality disorder diagnoses for several clients. In fact, it is obvious that, in many cases, they have inaccurately made their diagnoses. Assuming they are competent clinicians, this situation would indicate the DSM-5 categories for personality disorder are:

ect

2707

All of the following are problems in the use of the DSM-5 to diagnose personality disorders EXCEPT: Answer )Correct the same diagnosis. Incorrect

Incorrect 2708 Of the following statements, which one most accurately reflects up-to-date research on DSM- 5 categories of personality disorder? many years. Incorrect -aggressive personality disorder remains the personality disorder easiest to diagnose and treat. Incorrect the same diagnosis. (True Answer )Correct 2709 Let's try to figure out where clients fall on several key personality traits, rather than using a dichotomous classification system. Someone saying this would MOST likely favor which approach to classifying personality disorders? -5 approach Incorrect -behavioral approach Incorrect 2710 DSM-5 has been described as functioning like a light switch, which can be on or off. In other words, one either does or does not qualify for a personality disorder diagnosis. Some theorists suggest that degree of symptoms, not symptom absence or presence, is more important and similar to a: ith the light adjustable from all the way off to all the way on. (True Answer )Correct 2711 The client scores low on extroversion and agreeableness, but high on neuroticism. Looks like schizoid personality disorder to me. The therapist being quoted is using what instrument to make the diagnosis? theory Incorrect -statement test, with each statement rated on a 1-to-7 scale Incorrect 2712

If instruments such as the Big Five are used to describe personality, rather than relying on DSM-5, then diagnoses of psychological disorder would become:

as less a matter of degree. Incorrect 2713 Although lying, even compulsive lying, is not considered a psychological disorder, it is sometimes characteristic of people with: narcissistic personality disorder. (True Answer )Correct 2714 Currently, the BigFive approach to personality disorders is: (True Answer )Correct Incorrect Incorrect 2715 The authors of DSM-5 have designed their own dimensional approach in diagnosing personality disorders for possible inclusion in future revisions of the DSM. The idea is that individuals whose traits significantly impair their functioning should receive a diagnosis of: ism disorder. Incorrect

2716 The five traits to be included in future revisions of the DSM-5 that utilize a dimensional approach in diagnosing personality disorders are: Incorrect Answer )Correct ment, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism. (True

2717 If future editions of the DSM change to a dimensional approach in the diagnosis of personality disorders, clinicians will have to: disorders. Incorrect

personality disorders. (True Answer )Correct

on's traits in diagnosing

disorders. Incorrect 2718 Only 23 percent of adults report openly expressing their anger. Should they? . Venting is a healthy way to express anger. Incorrect Incorrect -producing situation. people angrier. (True Answer )Correct

2425 Describe a typical public state hospital in the United States in the mid-twentieth century. 2426 How are milieu therapy and token economy programs similar and how are they different? 2427 Why was lobotomy briefly considered to be a miracle cure for schizophrenia? In fact what were the usual results of lobotomies? 2428 You are advising members of the family of a schizophrenic who are asking you about proper medication. What would you tell these people that would help them make the best decision for the schizophrenic? Be sure to address issues such as types of symptoms, dosage level, and potential side effects. 2429 What does the typical family go through when they have a family member who is experiencing schizophrenia, both short-term and long-term? 2430 List and briefly describe the five key features of effective community care, according to the text. 2431 Why is work so important to those experiencing schizophrenia? What type of work are schizophrenics MOST likely to be able to do and what sort of treatments have been developed to support them? 2432 Explain why community treatment has failed those with schizophrenia.

2433 What happens to people with serious mental disorders who are not treated effectively? Please be comprehensive in your answer. 2434 Describe three of the latest trends in meeting the needs of those with serious mental disorders. 2435 The symptoms developed because of the experience of long-term mental institutionalization itself is called ______. 2436 Maxwell Jones' thereapeutic community is a form of ______ therapy. 2437 Because of the damage they can cause, most antipsychotic drugs are known as ______. 2438 Chlorpromazine and haloperidol are examples of ______ drugs. 2439 Hallucinations, delusions, or formal thought disorders are ______ symptoms of schizophrenia. ive (True Answer ) 2440 The negative symptoms of schizophrenia include ______. 2441 Thorazine can cause muscle tremors, rigidity, and shaking, which are common signs of ______. Parkinson's disease (True Answer ) 2442 After several treatments with Thorazine, Paula begins to exhibit bizarre and uncontrollable movements of the face, neck, tongue, and back. These undesirable effects are known as ______. Answer )

2443 Parkinsonian symptoms are produced by impairment of the ______. 2444 A movement disorder associated with antipsychotic medication that may not appear until a year after a person begins taking neuroleptic drugs and which includes involuntary chewing, sucking, lip smacking, and jerky, purposeless movements of the arms, legs, and body is called ______. 2445 The new neuroleptic called clozapine has a dangerous side effect called ______. 2446 Psychotherapy can often be effective in treating schizophrenia when it is used in conjunction with ______. 2447 The attempt to support the family of the schizophrenic to help them cope and provide the best environment for continued recovery is called ______. 2448 The family therapy approach to the treatment of schizophrenia includes bringing the members of the schizophrenic person's family together with other families who are in the same situation to share their thoughts and emotions in a format called ______. 2449 Interventions for schizophrenia that make sure clients take their medications and help patients with self-management, problem solving, decision making, and the development of interpersonal skills have been labeled ______. 2450 The 1960s policy of releasing patients from mental health hospitals to communitybased mental health facilities is called ______. 2451 One contributor to the increase in homeless individuals was the mental health policy of ______.

deinstitutionalization (True Answer ) 2452 The institution that is supposed to provide the coordination among posthospitalization services is the ______. 2453 If patients with schizophrenia show improvement during short-term hospitalization, the follow-up treatment they receive in the community later is called ______. 2454 Harry was released from the hospital to a dormitory-like facility that gives him considerable freedom during the day. It is MOST likely a(n) ______. 2455 A protected and partially supported factory that employs disabled people is called a(n) ______. 2456 Which of the following statements MOST accurately reflects current thinking about psychosis and schizophrenia? diagnoses can exhibit psychosis; it's not limited to schizophrenia. (True Answer )Correct people with schizophrenia do. Incorrect 2457 What was the dominant way of treating schizophrenic people during the first half of the twentieth century?

2458 Most patients who lived on the hospital wards in state mental hospitals in the mid1900s:

in fact violent criminals. Incorrect

2459 The MAIN contribution of Philippe Pinel to the care of those with severe mental illnesses was to: controlled settings. Incorrect 2460 Which of the following is TRUE of state mental hospitals in the United States in the mid- twentieth century? Incorrect world. Incorrect Although successful treatments were available, they were too expensive to be used. Incorrect 2461 The usual way of dealing with troublesome or violent schizophrenic people in institutions in the first half of the twentieth century was to: orrect

2462 Some hospitalized mental patients whose original symptoms of schizophrenia improved were nonetheless unable to return to society because of the negative effects of their care. This syndrome is called:

2463 Patients who developed extreme withdrawal, anger, physical aggressiveness, and loss of personal hygiene as a result of poor institutional care were showing a pattern known as: rect 2464 Long-term mental patients frequently developed anger, aggressiveness, and loss of interest in personal appearance. This condition has been called: cial breakdown syndrome. (True Answer )Correct

2465 Theorists propose that institutionalized patients deteriorate because they are deprived of opportunities to develop self-respect and independence. The therapy that counters this effect by creating an environment that encourages self-respect and responsibility is known as:

2466 Which therapy is based on the premise that when you change the social environment, you can change the patient?

2467 Maxwell Jones (1953) created an approach to psychotherapy of the institutionalized in London called:

2468 Milieu therapy is based primarily on the principles of ______ psychology.

2469 If one were treated by therapists who believed that patients needed to live in a social climate that promoted productive activity, self-respect, and individual responsibility, one would be likely to be living in the:

2470 A patient who is called a resident who lives in a therapeutic community and actively works with staff members to create a life that is as much like that outside the hospital as possible, is probably receiving ______ therapy.

lobotomy Incorrect

2471 A token economy approach to treatment is based on principles from the abnormal behavior.

2472 Who was the first physician responsible for developing the prefrontal lobotomy for use on human patients?

2473 The technique for treating mental patients that was pioneered by Egas Moniz was:

2474 The Americans Walter Freeman and James Watts improved the procedure developed by Egas Moniz by developing the:

2475 During a ______ a needle is inserted into the brain through the eye socket and is then rotated to destroy brain tissue.

2476 Why were lobotomies so enthusiastically accepted by the medical community in the 1940s and 1950s? Answer )Correct 2477 In behavioral terms, what is a token?

-cranial lobotomy Incorrect

ide-effects were mild. Incorrect

2478 Tokens:

rrect

. Incorrect 2479 A third-grade teacher gives students stickers throughout the school day when they engage in appropriate behaviors. At the end of the day, students can trade in their stickers for treats from the class treasure chest. This program is MOST similar to which form of therapy used for institutionalized people with schizophrenia?

2480 Which of the following is NOT a criticism of the token economy approach? treatment with attention. Incorrect they may not be changing delusional thoughts. Incorrect patients. (True Answer )Correct the community. Incorrect 2481 A hospitalized patient no longer talks about delusions and hallucinations, thanks to participating in a token economy program. However, critics of the token economy program would say that the token economy program has: of the disorder. Incorrect to imitate normal behavior. (True Answer )Correct Type II disorder. Incorrect 2482 Which of the following BEST describes the effectiveness of token economy strategies? g the patient's behavior. (True Answer )Correct 2483 What is the concern regarding the changes produced by token economies? flawed. Incorrect

Incorrect is distorted thinking. (True Answer )Correct 2484 Antipsychotic drugs were discovered accidentally when researchers were trying to develop:

2485 The discovery of antihistamine drugs in the 1940s indirectly led to the development of:

2486 The first antipsychotic drug to be approved for use in the United States was:

2487 The term neuroleptic is applied to drugs that: t 2488 Which of the following drugs has antipsychotic properties?

2489 If one could use only a single treatment for schizophrenia and wanted the MOST effective treatment, one should choose:

(True Answer )Correct

electroconvulsive therapy. Incorrect 2490

What is the MOST accurate advice you could give someone thinking about taking traditional antipsychotic medication for their schizophrenia? you have negative symptoms of schizophrenia, you can expect better results from medication. Incorrect Answer )Correct n't see the maximum results until after six months. Incorrect 2491 If one were taking antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia, one would expect the drugs to: st positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Incorrect )Correct 2492 The schizophrenic symptom most likely to be relieved by antipsychotic drugs is:

2493 If a patient's chart said the patient had extrapyramidal side effects, you would expect to see the patient showing primarily ______ dysfunction.

2494 One of the unwanted and later side effects of antipsychotic medications is:

2495 The neuroleptic side effect marked by muscle rigidity, fever, altered consciousness, and autonomic dysfunction is called: ive dyskinesia. Incorrect 2496

A woman has been treated with chlorpromazine for several years. Lately she seems to be chewing gum all the time and her arms are always in motion. She has begun to display twitching facial tics. This is an example of:

2497 The proportion of patients taking antipsychotic medication who eventually develop tardive dyskinesia is closest to:

2498 A person who is experiencing a potentially fatal reaction to an antipsychotic drug involving muscle rigidity and autonomic nervous system dysfunction is displaying: -like symptoms. Incorrect

2499 If a schizophrenic were making involuntary ticlike movements of the tongue, mouth, face, or whole body, smacking the lips, and making sucking and chewing movements, one would suspect the patient: was taking too little antipsychotic medication. Incorrect 2500 The most successful way to eliminate tardive dyskinesia is: -Parkinsonian drugs to treat the side effects. Incorrect 2501 Tardive dyskinesia can be overlooked because: . Incorrect

Incorrect Incorrect 2502 If you were working with a patient who displayed muscle tremors and rigidity, facial tics, and tardive dyskinesia, you would suspect that the person was receiving:

2503 What do Parkinson-like symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and tardive dyskinesia have in common?

2504 Which of the following drugs appears to act more at D-1 and D-4 dopamine receptors than at D-2 dopamine receptors?

conventional antipsychotic drugs. Incorrect

zine Incorrect 2505 Which of the following antipsychotic drugs appears to work at serotonin receptors?

2506 The MOST widely used atypical antipsychotic drug is:

2507 The LOWEST number of extrapyramidal side effects is seen after taking: dazine. Incorrect 2508 I want to maximize the antipsychotic effect of a drug while minimizing its undesirable side effects, says a doctor. What's the BEST advice you can give the doctor? nventional and atypical antipsychotic drugs both produce a lot of undesirable side effects. Incorrect drugs do not produce a lot of undesirable side effects. Incorrect a conventional antipsychotic drug. Incorrect 2509

Imagine that your neighbor, who is being treated for schizophrenia, says that she has mostly negative symptoms of schizophrenia and is afraid of the extrapyramidal side effects of medication. She asks you what she should do. Your BEST response is: Try atypical antipsychotics; they should work best. (True Answer )Correct 2510 Advantages of atypical antipsychotic drugs over conventional medications include: cations are cheaper and more easily available. Incorrect in the brain. Incorrect 2511 Why aren't atypical antipsychotic drugs universally prescribed for people with schizophrenia? After all, more people with schizophrenia show improvement with atypical antipsychotic drugs than with conventional antipsychotics. -threatening agranulocytosis. Incorrect nswer )Correct

2512 Compared to African Americans, white Americans are: and other psychotic disorders. Incorrect

schizophrenia, and more likely to receive atypical antipsychotic drugs for other psychotic disorders. Incorrect other psychotic disorders. (True Answer )Correct to receive atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia, and more likely to receive conventional antipsychotic drugs for other psychotic disorders. Incorrect 2513 Based on research studies, your BEST chance at receiving a prescription for an atypical antipsychotic medication would be if you: Incorrect 2514 Why do some therapists believe psychotherapy is unsuccessful in treating schizophrenia? for patients diagnosed as schizophrenic. Incorrect

relationship needed. (True Answer )Correct requisite to the success of psychotherapy. Incorrect 2515 Frieda Fromm-Reichmann's approach to psychotherapy with schizophrenic patients was to chotic person's behavior. Incorrect Incorrect 2516 Rather than seeking to eliminate hallucinations and delusions, which form of therapy helps people learn to reinterpret their hallucinations and change their reactions to the hallucinations? -behavioral. (True Answer )Correct

2517 Therapists who advise clients to resist following orders from their hallucinatory voices are using a technique from the cognitive-behavioral approach that involves: rect Answer )Correct 2518 If you are being treated for schizophrenia and are learning to distract yourself from the voices you hear and to reinterpret them as just a symptom of your disorder rather than reality, you are MOST likely receiving:

-behavioral therapy. (True Answer )Correct 2519 Mindfulness is MOST similar to which of the following therapies?

-behavioral (True Answer )Correct 2520 Therapists who make statements such as, It's not a real voice; it's my illness, are using a technique from the cognitive-behavioral approach that involves:

hallucinations. Incorrect 2521 Therapists who advise clients to apply special breathing and relaxation techniques in response to their hallucinatory voices are using a technique from the cognitivebehavioral approach that involves: iological causes of hallucinations. Incorrect

2522 New-wave cognitive-behavioral therapies are MOST similar to:

2523 A person attending an HVN (Hearing Voices Network) meeting, can expect to get the message that: nia. Incorrect 2524 The belief that many people hear voices and that this can be a meaningful, nonpathological experience is held by: Incorrect

2525 Who is most likely to offer the advice, If you have the urge to yell at your 'voices' in public, do so with a cell phone up to your ear.?

someone setting up a token economy program. Incorrect 2526 A family with a high level of expressed emotion may display a great deal of:

2527 The goal of family therapy is:

his or her own. Incorrect emotion. Incorrect 2528 If relatives of a schizophrenic come to have more realistic expectations, reduce their guilt, and work on establishing better communication, they are probably receiving:

2529 Families with HIGH levels of expressed emotion: ons, positive and negative. Incorrect 2530 If you and your family were receiving support, encouragement, and advice from other families with schizophrenic members, you would MOST likely be participating in:

2531 A patient who receives help in finding work, in finding a place to live, and in taking medication correctly is probably receiving:

2532 Social therapy appears to play the STRONGEST role in: Answer )Correct Incorrect 2533 The Community Mental Health Act stipulated that patients with mental disorders should receive all of the following except ______ without leaving their communities.

2534 Deinstitutionalization: Incorrect (True Answer )Correct States. Incorrect ther mental patients. Incorrect

2535 In the original Community Mental Health Act, the place where individuals would be treated was a:

Answer )Correct 2536 If a person being treated for schizophrenia goes each day to a center where the focus is on improving social skills and receiving therapy, the person is participating in: workshop. Incorrect 2537 Community mental health centers are designed to provide all of the following EXCEPT: vocational rehabilitation. (True Answer )Correct 2538 A person lives at home but spends his day at a mental health facility. The facility might be described as providing: nated services. Incorrect 2539 An individual who displays serious psychotic symptoms, but would not benefit from being sent to a large state psychiatric hospital for a long period of time, would best be served by: -term hospitalization in a local psychiatric unit. (True Answer )Correct -term hospitalization. Incorrect

2540 Schizophrenics who receive 24-hour supervision in a community setting, usually following a milieu approach, are receiving:

2541 Helen was just discharged from a public mental health facility. She went to live with a group of other former patients in a group-living arrangement. There were staff members to help out but the former patients controlled most of the day-to-day activities. Helen's living arrangement is a: -term hospital. Incorrect 2542 Several people with schizophrenia work at a recycling center, where on-time behavior is expected, and payment is made solely for work completed. The people do not compete with each other. MOST likely, this work takes place at a:

mployment center. Incorrect 2543 Schizophrenics who are working in a sheltered workshop are receiving:

2544 The person most responsible for coordinating community service and providing practical help with problem-solving social skills, and ensuring that medications are being taken properly is a:

2545 In the treatment of schizophrenia, a case manager's primary goal is to help with: correct 2546

A disturbed individual kills a number of people in a mass shooting. The shooter is found to be mentally ill. How likely is it that such an individual will have received mental health services in the past year? advantage of them Incorrect -so; about 50 percent of people with mental illnesses receive services Incorrect )Correct 2547 If you were looking for people who have schizophrenia, where would you MOST likely find them? )Correct

2548 Someone says to you, Homeless people scare me. They're all crazy. What is your BEST response? ness. Incorrect )Correct ally violent. Incorrect 2549 If you went to a meeting of a group lobbying for better care for the mentally ill and made up primarily of family members of people with severe mental disorders, you would probably be attending: Mentally Ill. (True Answer )Correct

2550 Research suggests that an effective treatment plan for schizophrenia should include:

logical treatments and psychological treatments. (True Answer )Correct 2285 First, define what is meant by a positive symptom of schizophrenia. Then, describe in detail four positive symptoms of schizophrenia. 2286

First, define what is meant by a negative symptom of schizophrenia. Then, describe in detail four negative symptoms of schizophrenia. 2287 Explain the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia. Then, utilizing three components of the biological view on the development of schizophrenia, discuss how the diathesis model can be applied to the development of schizophrenia in a given individual. 2288 Discuss evidence that supports the view of a genetic predisposition for schizophrenia. 2289 Provide evidence from scientific studies that supports the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia and evidence that challenges it. 2290 A person has just begun to have strange and unreal sensations and turns to friends and family to discuss them. From a cognitive point of view, how would you explain how schizophrenia might develop from this point on? 2291 Explain the important aspects of the multicultural, social labeling, and family dysfunction explanations for the development of schizophrenia. 2292 One positive symptom of schizophrenia is ____. sions, hallucination, disorganized thinking and speech, heightened perceptions, or inappropriate affect (True Answer ) 2293 If you think the radio announcer is talking directly and personally to you and to you alone, this is a delusion of ______. erence (True Answer ) 2294 If you think you are being manipulated by aliens, this can be considered a delusion of ______. 2295 If you think you are the Majority Leader of the Senate, but you're not, this can be considered a delusion of ______.

2296 Karin, who has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, frequently sees hundreds of beautiful hummingbirds swarming around her. This symptom is an example of a(n) ______. Answer ) 2297 One negative symptom of schizophrenia is ______. volition (True Answer ) 2298 A person with schizophrenia who shows almost no emotion at all is exhibiting ______. 2299 A person with schizophrenia cannot complete even the simplest of tasks, is extremely listless, and has no short- or long-term goals. This person is exhibiting ______. tion (True Answer ) 2300 Bill does not exhibit any signs of schizophrenia but his level of functioning has begun to deteriorate. If Bill develops schizophrenia, this earlier period will be referred to as the ______ phase. 2301 One explanation of the causes of schizophrenia is that it results from the interaction between a psychological stimulus and a biological predisposition. This is known as the ______ relationship. -stress (True Answer ) 2302 If both members of a pair of twins have a particular trait, they are said to be ______ for that trait. 2303 Blood samples are taken from members of a family. The DNA in the blood cells is isolated and used for identifying genetic factors. This approach is known as ______. 2304 The theory that helps explain the role of neurotransmitters in the cause of schizophrenia is known as the ______.

* 2305 A neurotransmitter strongly implicated as a biological factor in schizophrenia is ______. 2306 Researchers have linked schizophrenia to abnormal brain structures such as the______. es, frontal lobes, hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala (True Answer ) 2307 According to Frieda Fromm-Reichmann's (1948) view of the development of schizophrenia, an apparently self-sacrificing mother who is actually cold and domineering and uses her children for her own needs is called a ______ mother. 2308 Rosenhan (1973) did a study of schizophrenia that demonstrated the power of ______ in determining how patients with schizophrenia are evaluated and treated. ing, social labeling, diagnostic labeling (True Answer ) 2309 What percentage of the world population is estimated to have schizophrenia?

2310 Psychosis means:

2311 The term schizophrenia is derived from the Greek for: ntic mind. Incorrect 2312 Which of the following is NOT consistent with the most common pattern of schizophrenia? )Correct

er

about 25 percent. Incorrect in a lifetime, worldwide. Incorrect 2313 Downward drift is BEST reflected in which of the following statements? Answer )Correct c factors cause both schizophrenia and poverty. Incorrect 2314 Schizophrenia is found in all socioeconomic classes. However, it is MOST likely to be found in someone from a: socioeconomic level. (True Answer )Correct

2315 Armond does not feel much emotion and does not really want to do anything. He has also completely withdrawn from his friends and family. The presence of these behaviors illustrates ______ schizophrenia.

2316 Delusions, disorganized thinking and speech, heightened perceptions and hallucinations, and inappropriate affect are examples of ______ symptoms of schizophrenia.

2317 Millie sees pretty colored butterflies on all the walls. She also hears gentle music, which is not actually there. The presence of these behaviors illustrates ______ symptoms of schizophrenia. ect 2318 Rosa is sure that her family is planning to kidnap her and take her inheritance. She has found her husband talking on the phone in whispers and seen her children looking at her strangely. Rosa is MOST likely suffering from:

2319 Antonio believes that the anchor on the evening television news is speaking directly and personally to him. He even goes to the television studio to talk to the anchor. Antonio is suffering from:

rrect 2320 The MAIN difference between hallucinations and delusions is that: )Correct common later. Incorrect

n early in the disorder and delusions more

2321 All of the following statements are true of mentally ill chemical abusers (MICAs) EXCEPT: use the drug abuse is often overemphasized. (True Answer )Correct diagnosis. Incorrect s are most often young and male. Incorrect 2322 What treatment programs seem to work best for mentally ill chemical abusers (MICAs)? -term, individualized, comprehensive therapy Incorrect -term, individualized, more traditional forms of therapy Incorrect -term, individualized, comprehensive therapy (True Answer )Correct -term, individualized, more traditional forms of therapy Incorrect 2323 Researchers estimate that about what percent of homeless individuals are identifiable as MICAs (mentally ill chemical abusers)? -third (33 percent) Incorrect 2324 In general, the problems that mentally ill chemical abusers (MICAs) face in terms of diagnosis and treatment are:

Incorrect Incorrect ther by people with severe mental disorders or chemical abuse disorders. Incorrect abuse disorders. (True Answer )Correct 2325 I am the Virgin Mary, and I've come to give birth to a new savior, says someone experiencing:

2326 A person with schizophrenia who said, It's cold today. My cold is better but I got it from the nurse. She is a big blonde who lives in Manhattan. I live in Manhattan with Jimmy Carter, is experiencing:

ang. Incorrect 2327 Insects make me itch. My brother collects them; he is 5 feet 10 inches tall. That's my favorite number. I dance and draw. Such speech illustrates which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia? ative Incorrect 2328 Insects make me itch. My brother collects them; he is 5 feet 10 inches tall. That's my favorite number. I dance and draw. Such speech illustrates which of the following symptoms of schizophrenia?

2329 If someone had the delusion of being an animal, the person MOST likely would be experiencing: Incorrect

2330 A person with schizophrenia who hears all the animals around her making plans to get her ready for the ball, and comes to think she is Cinderella is experiencing a(n) ______ hallucination and a delusion of ______

2331 Which of the following would be the MOST common type of hallucination?

2332 The MOST common type of hallucination in schizophrenia is:

ines are a mass of wiggling worms. Incorrect

2333 If you could get inside the head of a person experiencing auditory hallucinations, you would MOST likely find that: )Correct Incorrect delusions are coded in the same place in the person's brain.

hallucinations. Incorrect 2334 Research with those experiencing auditory hallucinations has demonstrated all of the following EXCEPT:

2335 Which of the following is a somatic hallucination?

. Incorrect

n. Incorrect 2336 Which of the following is a tactile hallucination?

the house. Incorrect 2337 When Janice drinks her milk, she is sure from the taste that someone put salt in it. Janice is most likely experiencing a(n) _______ hallucination.

2338 A person with schizophrenia who laughs when told sad news and screams in situations that most people see as warm and tender is experiencing:

2339 Poverty of speech, blunted and flat affect, loss of volition, and social withdrawal, are all examples of ______ symptoms of schizophrenia.

2340 In the middle of a normal, calm conversation, a person with Tourette's syndrome might suddenly begin shouting, and then follow that with a string of obscenities. This is similar to the symptom of schizophrenia called: ch. Incorrect 2341 A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing alogia is displaying:

ct 2342 The decrease in the fluency and productivity of speech that is seen in schizophrenia is specifically termed:

2343

An emergency medical technician (EMT) arrives at the scene of a bad car accident, and calmly prepares a severely injured passenger for transport to a hospital while others at the scene are screaming and crying with fear and grief. The EMT's training has resulted in behavior similar to the symptom of schizophrenia called:

2344 I sit staring at a blank page, unable to make myself write a new multiple-choice test item; I just don't seem to care. My behavior is like that of people with schizophrenia displaying the symptom called:

2345 Martin is a person with schizophrenia who feels ambivalent about most issues. He has no goals and does not seem to have the energy or interest to think about them. He certainly cannot make decisions. He is MOST likely suffering from: in volition. (True Answer )Correct 2346 A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing anhedonia is displaying: flat affect. (True Answer )Correct 2347 A person with schizophrenia who is feeling apathetic, drained, and unable to start or follow through on any projects is displaying: ncorrect

2348 Those with with schizophrenia who are unable to recognize other people's needs and emotions and who also distance themselves from reality are displaying:

2349

(True Answer )Correct

The inability to move limbs in catatonic schizophrenia illustrates ______ symptoms of schizophrenia.

2350 Those with schizophrenia who stop responding to their environment and remain motionless and silent for long periods of time are experiencing:

t 2351 Noreen has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She is totally unresponsive to her environment. She does not move for hours on end and never responds to contacts from others. This is an example of: ysphoria. Incorrect 2352 Those with schizophrenia who hold awkward and bizarre positions for long periods of time are experiencing: Incorrect 2353 Those with schizophrenia who remain standing for hours and resist efforts to be moved are experiencing: ect 2354 Which of the following two pairs MOST closely represent opposites in terms of the behavior you would observe in people with schizophrenia? c excitement (True Answer )Correct

2355 People with schizophrenia who wave their arms around in wild motions and make kicking motions with their legs are experiencing:

2356 The stage of the development of schizophrenia marked by deterioration of functioning and the display of some mild symptoms is called the:

2357 A person is socially withdrawn, speaks in odd ways, has strange ideas, and expresses little emotion, but she is not displaying full-blown schizophrenic symptoms. What phase of schizophrenia is this person in?

2358 Patients are MORE likely to recover from schizophrenia if they: . (True Answer )Correct 2359 Delia does not display all the full-blown schizophrenia symptoms anymore. Occasionally, a shadow of a symptom appears. She is a bit withdrawn and not entirely clear all the time, but she can marginally function in the world. This is an example of:

prodromal or residual (True Answer )Correct

2360 Which of the following is NOT related to a fuller recovery from schizophrenia?

2361 A person with schizophrenia who is mute, statuelike, and fails to participate in the hospital routine is MOST likely experiencing _______ schizophrenia. ncorrect

to the disorder Incorrect

2362 A person with schizophrenia demonstrates poverty of speech, and experiences auditory hallucinations. According to the Type I-Type II evaluation categorization, this person would be: II. Incorrect Incorrect 2363 Regarding likelihood of recovery and types of symptoms exhibited, which of the following would be the WORST disorder to have?

2364 While Type I schizophrenia is dominated by ______ symptoms, Type II schizophrenia is dominated by ______ symptoms.

2365 According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia: with a biological predisposition for schizophrenia will develop it if certain psychosocial stressors are also present. (True Answer )Correct absence of a biological predisposition. Incorrect importance of psychosocial stressors. Incorrect absence of psychosocial stressors. Incorrect 2366 Based on family pedigree studies, which relative of an individual with a diagnosis of schizophrenia would be MOST at risk for developing the disorder?

2367 What is the rate of concordance for schizophrenia in identical twins?

2368 In general, the closer people are genetically related to someone with schizophrenia, the MORE likely they are to be diagnosed with schizophrenia as well. This is evidence of: relationship. (True Answer )Correct n a schizophrenia diagnosis and closeness of relationship. Incorrect relationship. Incorrect relationship. Incorrect 2369 Which of the following groups of relatives of someone diagnosed with schizophrenia shows the correct sequence from having the highest concordance rate for schizophrenia to having the lowest concordance rate for schizophrenia? ing, first cousin Incorrect

2370 Which of the following statements about genetic factors in schizophrenia is accurate? schizophrenia than distant relatives of those with schizophrenia. (True Answer )Correct identical twins. Incorrect parents than like their biological parents. Incorrect Incorrect 2371 Recent research shows that if one identical twin develops schizophrenia, there is about a 50 percent chance the other twin will develop schizophrenia. If future research confirms this finding, we will have evidence of: correct Answer )Correct 2372 If schizophrenia depended solely on genetic make-up, then compared to rates of schizophrenia in siblings in general, fraternal twins should have:

rate for schizophrenia. (True Answer )Correct 2373 The data from studies of the biological and adoptive parents of children who receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia as adults show that the concordance rate of schizophrenia with biological relatives is:

2374 Which of the following statements BEST fits the evidence for the biological basis of schizophrenia? recessive. Incorrect s a polygenetic disorder, probably impacting brain structure and chemical activity. (True Answer )Correct to experience schizophrenia. Incorrect led no gene involvement in schizophrenia. Incorrect 2375 For the first two weeks after starting college, a student can't seem to talk coherently and is generally unresponsive to the moods of other students in the same dorm. Soon, the student resumes normal patterns of speaking and social interaction. This is an example of:

adoptive relatives. Incorrect

2376 A middle-aged individual shows many of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and at the same time often appears profoundly depressed. The symptoms have lasted almost a year. This is an example of: schizophrenia. Incorrect 2377 A person acts extremely jealous all the time, and complains bitterly whenever other people appear to be getting more attention. This has been going on for a couple of months, and the person shows no other substantial symptoms. The BEST diagnosis, assuming the extreme jealousy has no basis in fact, is: noid schizophrenia. Incorrect

2378 A young adult who still lives at home has a parent who frequently exhibits delusions of grandeur, so much so that the young adult eventually develops delusions of grandeur, as well. The young adult's psychotic disorder is called: -degree schizophreniform disorder. Incorrect 2379 A mother experiences baby blues shortly after delivering a child. The chances that she later will develop postpartum psychosis are closest to:

2380 A woman has just been diagnosed with postpartum depression. MOST likely, she will: Answer )Correct Incorrect Incorrect her child. Incorrect 2381 Postpartum psychosis occurs: -2 years after childbirth. Incorrect 2382 Symptoms of postpartum psychosis appear to be triggered by: birth. Incorrect Incorrect anxiety related to child care. m psychosis, but will physically harm her child.

2383 Andrea Yates, showing symptoms of postpartum psychosis, drowned her five children in 2001. Assuming she was suffering from postpartum psychosis, her actions were:

Incorrect offspring. Incorrect their offspring. Incorrect ent of women with postpartum psychosis harm

attempt to harm their offspring. (True Answer )Correct 2384 Which of the following is the BEST example of a finding from genetic linkage and molecular biology studies? of those without schizophrenia. Incorrect those without schizophrenia. Incorrect Answer )Correct schizophrenia. Incorrect 2385 Does research support the thinking that there is a schizophrenia gene? pinpointed the exact gene yet. (True Answer )Correct gene yet. Incorrect Incorrect 2386 Why are people taking medication for schizophrenia often given medication that helps control shaking and tremors? -like symptoms. (True Answer )Correct ne is used to treat both schizophrenia and Parkinsonism. Incorrect schizophrenia. Incorrect 2387 Which of the following best supports the dopamine hypothesis for schizophrenia? ke those with Parkinsonism, those with schizophrenia have unusually low levels of dopamine. Incorrect -like symptoms. (True Answer )Correct sites. Incorrect xact genes. Incorrect y from

2388 Researchers found that phenothiazines reduced psychotic symptoms but also caused Parkinsonian symptoms, like tremors. This discovery suggests that: phrenia masks Parkinson's disease. Incorrect )Correct 2389 If a person receives the chemical L-dopa, a precursor of dopamine, it reduces the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, L-dopa may increase symptoms of schizophrenia. What might one reasonably conclude from this? -dopa causes schizophrenia. Incorrect t

-dopa in the brain. Incorrect Incorrect 2390 The link between dopamine and schizophrenia is supported by the finding that: )Correct -dopa can reduce schizophrenic symptoms. Incorrect

-receiving synapses in persons with schizophrenia are apparently inactive. Incorrect 2391 A new medication for schizophrenia appears to work because it blocks dopamine from binding to a receptor. The new medication functions as: -1 enhancer. Incorrect -2 enhancer. Incorrect 2392 Recently the dopamine hypothesis for schizophrenia has been challenged because it has been discovered that: well as dopamine. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect receptors. Incorrect antipsychotic drugs. Incorrect 2393 You have found enlarged ventricles during a postmortem analysis on a sample of brain tissue. This is MOST likely to be evidence of:

ophreniform disorder. Incorrect 2394 Chemically speaking, why do people who are methamphetamine addicts sometimes display schizophrenic-like behavior? schizophrenia. Incorrect mines increase dopamine in the brain, leading to a schizophrenic-like response. (True Answer )Correct -like response. Incorrect -effects of schizophrenia. Incorrect 2395 Regarding brain structure, those with schizophrenia have been found to have all of the following EXCEPT: amounts of cortical gray matter. (True Answer )Correct 2396 The finding that the HIGHEST rates of schizophrenia are found among people who are born during the winter supports which theory of schizophrenia? rue Answer )Correct

2397 The viral explanation for schizophrenia suggests that brain abnormalities, and therefore schizophrenia, result from viral exposure: h. (True Answer )Correct

2398 Since 1950, interest in psychological explanations for schizophrenia, as opposed to genetic and biological explanations have:

2399 According to Freud, people with schizophrenia: d. Incorrect

-bind communication. Incorrect -ego state of primary narcissism. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect 2400 According to Freudian psychodynamic interpretation, people who develop schizophrenia regress to a state of:

2401 According to Frieda Fromm-Reichmann (1948), schizophrenia is caused by:

2402 A psychodynamic theorist of the twenty-first century is MOST likely to say: -Reichmann was right; schizophrenogenic mothers cause most cases of schizophrenia. Incorrect -Reichmann was wrong; schizophrenogenic teachers cause most cases of schizophrenia. Incorrect abnormalities. Incorrect 2403 Most contemporary psychodynamic theorists would agree with which of the following statements? becoming schizophrenic. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct should be applied to fathers as well as to mothers. Incorrect to schizophrenia. Incorrect 2404 The behavioral view of schizophrenia: Incorrect (True Answer )Correct schizophrenia. Incorrect 2405

rigins and symptoms of schizophrenia.

to further understand the origins and symptoms of

If one receives a good deal of attention for unusual behaviors, is it any surprise those behaviors are strengthened? is a question MOST likely asked by what kind of theorist?

2406 In many cases, people with schizophrenia make at least modest gains when they receive behavioral therapy. These findings MOST likely indicate that:

Incorrect 2407 A person begins exhibiting early symptoms of schizophrenia; for example, hearing voices. Family members decide to discuss the voices with the person, to try to understand what is going on. This action by family members should: se the likelihood of future symptoms, according to both the behavioral and the cognitive viewpoints. Incorrect cognitive viewpoint. Incorrect only. (True Answer )Correct only. Incorrect 2408 The cognitive view of schizophrenia is based on the assumption that those with schizophrenia experience strange and unreal sensations: Answer )Correct hat are confirmed by their schizophrengernic mothers. Incorrect 2409 Occasionally, you see or hear things. Your friends tell you it's your imagination, but eventually, you come to think your friends are hiding something and you develop delusions of persecution to explain their behavior. This thinking leads you down the rational path to madness. This scenario is consistent with the: ure symptoms, according to the behavioral viewpoint

enia.

Incorrect 2410 The rational path to madness is MOST consistent with a:

2411 Which of the following MOST accurately represents the rational path to madness? others. Others say I am imagining things. I decide others are lying to me. (True Answer )Correct . I talk them over with others. Others give me lots of attention and sympathy. I experience more symptoms. Incorrect imagining things. I decide they are right and become depressed. Incorrect rationally against my symptoms. I believe them and no longer have symptoms. Incorrect 2412 Compared to African Americans, white Americans are: receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia, but less likely to be institutionalized. Incorrect institutionalized. Incorrect institutionalized. (True Answer )Correct ss likely to be

institutionalized. Incorrect 2413 Compared to those diagnosed with schizophrenia who live in developing countries, those diagnosed with schizophrenia who live in developed countries are: )Correct r fully, and more likely to be hospitalized. Incorrect 2414 A particular country has almost a 3 percent prevalence for schizophrenia. That country: prevalence. Incorrect -than-average schizophrenia prevalence. Incorrect -than-average schizophrenia prevalence. (True Answer )Correct country. Incorrect 2415 A person diagnosed with schizophrenia is not hospitalized, yet eventually shows complete remission of symptoms. This pattern is:

untries. Incorrect symptoms is typical in developed countries. Incorrect symptoms is typical in developing countries. Incorrect 2416 Studies relating rates of diagnosis of schizophrenia to poverty and race show: race. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct poverty. Incorrect 2417 The complete remission rate for those diagnosed with schizophrenia is: better access to powerful antipsychotic drugs. Incorrect better access to hospitalization. Incorrect better family and social support. (True Answer )Correct cause of

decreased societal tolerance of positive symptoms. Incorrect 2418 A person is labeled schizophrenic by the community. Based on available evidence, it is MOST likely that: person. (True Answer )Correct negative view of the person. Incorrect person. Incorrect

ity members will have a more negative view of the person. Incorrect 2419 People around those who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia begin to treat them as if they are crazy, expecting and overreacting to odd behaviors that they might not even notice in others. This observation is MOST consistent with the ______ understanding of schizophrenia.

2420 David Rosenhan (1973) sent eight normal people to various psychiatric hospitals. All eight complained of hearing voices that said empty, hollow, and thud. After

being admitted to one of the hospitals, each person acted normally, yet all were diagnosed as schizophrenic. One of the conclusions from this study is that: )Correct tory hallucinations are sufficient for diagnosis as schizophrenic. Incorrect 2421 Which of the following is the BEST example of a double-bind communication? but refusing to allow the child in your lap (True Answer )Correct 2422 Families that display high levels of expressed emotion do all of the following EXCEPT:

ct 2423 If observations of a relationship between expressed emotion in families and recovery from schizophrenia demonstrate cause-and-effect, one would predict that relapse would be LEAST common in schizophrenics whose families: icism, and do not allow much privacy. Incorrect of privacy. (True Answer

)Correct 2424 Schizophrenia researchers have been: schizophrenia. Incorrect schizophrenia. (True Answer )Correct schizophrenia. Incorrect of schizophrenia. Incorrect

igins of

2116 First, discuss the characteristics of male hypoactive sexual desire disorder and female sexual interest/arousal disorder. Second, give and discuss two examples

from each of the probable biological, psychological, and sociocultural causes of these disorders. 2117 Select any three of the following sexual dysfunctionsmale erectile disorder, early ejaculation, female orgasmic disorder, vaginismus. Define each of them and discuss possible causes of the dysfunction. Additionally, describe in detail a course of therapy that would likely be successful for one of the three dysfunctions you choose. 2118 Discuss the changes in the understanding and treatment of sexual dysfunction over the last 40 years. 2119 Modern sex therapy includes a variety of principles and techniques that should be used in almost all cases, regardless of the dysfunction. Name and briefly describe five of them. 2120 Discuss 3 different approaches for treating erectile disorder and how each works. 2121 Discuss the best treatment for female orgasmic disorder, including what the treatment entails as well as any controversial issues. 2122 Forms of behavior therapy frequently are used in the treatment of fetishes. Define and describe the following three forms of behavior therapy: masturbatory satiation, orgasmic reorientation, and aversion therapy. 2123 Define pedophilic disorder, being sure to describe the typical individual with this disorder. Second, describe a form of therapy that has been used with pedophiles. 2124 What is gender dysphoria? Discuss the biological explanations for the disorder. In addition, discuss the treatment options for the disorder. 2125 The sex hormones, ______ and ______, influence the sex drives of men and women. , prolactin (True Answer ) 2126 ______ is the inability to achieve an erection.

2127 The biological cause of male erectile disorder is MOST frequently ______ abnormality. 2128 Nocturnal penile erections are measured through a screening device called a(n) ______. 2129 Masters and Johnson state that sexual disorders are often maintained because during intercourse one or both partners adopt a spectator role or have crippling fears about ______. 2130 In males, delay in achieving orgasm, or not achieving it even after adequate stimulation, is termed ______. 2131 A woman experiencing _____ has vaginal muscle spasms that prevent comfortable entry of a penis. 2132 Pain in the genitals during intercourse is called ______. 2133 In sex therapy, ______ refers to the belief that both partners in a relationship share the sexual problem. 2134 The technique _____ are a graded set of sexual exercises in which partners explore each other's body but with no demand to have intercourse. 2135 A vacuum erection device may be used to treat ______ in males. 2136 A person who has _______ may rub his genitals against an unsuspecting person in a crowded theater.

2137 The disorder frotteurism gradually decreases and often disappears by age ______. 2138 When people nearly strangle themselves to achieve arousal, they are practicing ______. hypoxyphilia (True Answer ) 2139 Individuals who feel that their actual gender identity is different from the gender they were born with would be diagnosed as having ______. 2140 The procedure of constructing a functioning penis in a sex change operation is called _______. 2141 A paraphilia: experience sexual arousal. Incorrect 2142 A person who becomes sexually aroused in the presence of stimuli most people in that person's society would not think appropriate is experiencing: l dysfunction. Incorrect

2143 If someone felt assigned to the wrong sex and identified with the other gender, that person would MOST likely receive a diagnosis of:

2144 Research shows that sexual dysfunctions among homosexual couples: generally are more severe than among heterosexual couples. Incorrect

Incorrect Answer )Correct 2145 If someone had a sexual dysfunction, we know that this person would not be having difficulty in which of the following phases of the sexual response cycle?

2146 In a person who has an unusually long resolution phase of the sexual response cycle, which of the following is MOST likely?

2147 A man who has never been able to achieve or maintain an erection for sexual intercourse would MOST likely be diagnosed with what type of erectile disorder? ncorrect 2148 A woman is perfectly capable of masturbating herself to orgasm, yet is unable to reach orgasm with a partner, either through sexual intercourse or through being masturbated. MOST likely, this type of orgasmic disorder would be called:

never aroused. Incorrect

2149 If an individual had experienced normal sexual functioning for years and gradually developed a problem with becoming aroused under any conditions, the type of dysfunction would be:

2150 If an individual had experienced normal sexual functioning for years and then had a problem with becoming aroused only when with her husband as a partner, the type of dysfunction would be:

d generalized. Incorrect 2151 If a woman had never experienced normal sexual functioning with her husband and had a problem with becoming aroused with him, but found she could be aroused with other men, the type of dysfunction would be:

2152 A person who once experienced normal to above-normal levels of sexual desire recently has begun to feel much less than normal sexual desire. A sexual dysfunction following this pattern would be called what type?

2153 According to Masters and Johnson, the resolution phase is more gradual and less sudden in women when:

2154 An otherwise healthy man reports almost no interest in sexual activity, and has had very few sexual experiences in the past several years. That person MOST likely is experiencing: (True Answer )Correct

ave experienced multiple orgasms. Incorrect

2155 Hypoactive sexual desire may include all of the following EXCEPT: . (True Answer )Correct 2156 To be classified as having hypoactive sexual desire, one would have a reduced interest in sex and little sexual activity, lasting:

2157 Some individuals experience a normal interest in sex but choose not to engage in sexual relations. Such people would be diagnosed with: Incorrect

2158 Female sexual interest/arousal disorder differs from male hypoactive sexual desire disorder MOST notably in that it: cycle. (True Answer )Correct ct 2159 A woman who experiences little sexual response to erotic cues and physical stimulation is MOST likely experiencing: vaginismus. Incorrect 2160 Which hormone can cause decreased sexual desire when present in low, but not high levels?

2161 Which hormone can cause decreased sexual desire when present in either low or high levels?

2162 A young woman who formerly had a fairly high sex drive, and who reports no new medical problems, nonetheless experiences an unexpected drop in sex drive. What would be an important question to ask her, before recommending some sort of psychotherapy? ely? Incorrect

2163 Which of the following drugs, used at low levels, may raise the sex drive?

2164 Obsessive-compulsive symptoms may contribute to hypoactive sexual desire because someone with this disorder:

2165 If a therapist were seeing patients for treatment of hypoactive sexual desire, the therapist would be MOST likely to find which of the following disorders as well? ssion and obsessive-compulsive disorder (True Answer )Correct disorders Incorrect 2166 During the young adult years (1824), which of the following is LEAST common among women? ng had heterosexual contact (True Answer )Correct -sex partner Incorrect 2167 If grandma is 90 and healthy, what is the percent chance she still masturbates at least occasionally?

2168 About 90 percent of males in their ______ years masturbate one or two times a week and most have two sex partners 2169 If grandpa is 90 and healthy, what is the percent chance he still masturbates at least occasionally?

er )Correct

2170 Studies of patterns of teenage sexual behavior today compared to such behavior a generation ago show today's teens having: Incorrect 2171 The following are all examples of sociocultural causes of hypoactive sexual disorder EXCEPT: ng a partner lacking in sexual skills. Incorrect

2172 The event that is very likely to result in sexual aversion or hypoactive sexual desire is: molestation. (True Answer )Correct

2173 A recently married, physically healthy man expresses great love for his new spouse, yet feels almost no sexual desire for her. One likely cause of his condition is: as settled down. Incorrect 2174 In females, the labia swells during which phase of the sexual response cycle?

2175 In males, the penis becomes erect during which phase of the sexual response cycle?

Incorrect

2176 Women with sexual arousal disorder have difficulty with:

2177 A woman reports having vivid sexual fantasies, yet is unable to experience either clitoral or labial swelling, or vaginal lubrication. The MOST likely diagnosis for this woman would be:

2178 What were once referred to as frigidity and impotence are dysfunctions that occur during the ______ phase of sexual arousal.

2179 Which of the following is NOT a symptom of female sexual interest arousal disorder?

ect 2180 A recent study of erectile disorder showed that most cases of erectile disorder are caused by:

ther than psychosocial or physical ones. Incorrect 2181 In looking for a biological cause of an erectile disorder, one would MOST productively look for a: Incorrect 2182 What is the MOST common biological cause of erectile failure in men?

2183 A person who (unfortunately) had the following disordersclogged arteries, diabetes, kidney failurewould be at special risk for:

2184 A healthy man is likely to have two to five REM periods each night and several penile erections during that time. If he is not experiencing this, he MOST likely has: rrect 2185 A man awakens after eight hours of normal sleep, and has an unbroken snap gauge band. There's a good chance that the man has: e Answer )Correct

2186 A normal healthy man experiences:

per night of sleep. Incorrect

2187 According to Masters and Johnson, performance anxiety may result in a man:

2188 Which of the following occupations is MOST similar to what Masters and Johnson identified as the spectator role in sexual behavior?

2189 Which of the following is a sociocultural cause for male erectile disorder?

2190 Based on the likely sociocultural factors related to erectile disorders, the BEST advice you could give to an aging couple would be to:

2191 Which of the following is MOST descriptive of an orgasm?

2192 According to DSM-5, the cut-off point for diagnosing early ejaculation is within _____ of initiating sexual activity.

2193 A man experiencing the process of erection and partial elevation of the testes is in which stage of sexual response?

2194 Compared to erectile disorder, early ejaculation is: ng older men. Incorrect

2195 In the United States, over the past several decades, the typical duration of sexual intercourse has: decreased. Incorrect increased. Incorrect

hose suffering from early ejaculation has

Answer )Correct 2196 From a psychological perspective, early ejaculation is usually the result of: rsion. Incorrect

2197

William, a 20-year-old who is having his first sexual relationship, has gone to see a sex therapist about a sexual dysfunction problem. What is William MOST likely suffering from?

2198 A male diagnosed with a sexual dysfunction is MOST likely to be diagnosed with:

2199 Delayed ejaculation appears MOST likely to be caused by disruptions in which of the following?

2200 According to DSM-5, all of the excitement disorders have in common the diagnostic requirement that the difficulty:

2201 Which of the following statements is MOST accurate about female orgasm? orgasm. (True Answer )Correct 2202 A woman who can masturbate or be masturbated to orgasm but cannot reach orgasm during sexual intercourse, would be diagnosed with: Answer )Correct

2203 The view that modern researchers hold about clitoral orgasms is that they are: ly dysfunctional women. Incorrect

2204 A woman who is sexually assertive and comfortable with masturbation will MOST likely:

2205 In Victorian times, a woman diagnosed as insane was presumed to have a dysfunction of her: 2206 Attitudes about women's sexuality are more liberal now, yet the rates of female orgasmic disorders have remained the same. This trend: Answer )Correct orgasms. Incorrect smic dysfunction. Incorrect

dysfunction. Incorrect 2207 Research shows that parents who want to decrease the likelihood that their young daughters will experience orgasmic disorder as adults should:

2208 Having a positive relationship with one's mother is associated with ______ in women.

2209 Women are MORE likely to be orgasmic when they have:

)Correct 2210 Which of the following findings would argue against the idea that hypoactive sexual desire in women is caused by societal treatment of women?

desire in women. Incorrect hypoactive sexual desire. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect en with hypoactive sexual desire than

in those without it. Incorrect 2211 Which of the following findings BEST argues against the idea that female orgasmic problems are due to society's message to women that they should deny their sexuality? Many women with arousal and orgasmic difficulties:

2212 No matter the countrywhether it is the United States, Japan, or Russiawomen say casual sex is significantly less acceptable than men say it is. These results reflect which of the following regarding gender, country of origin, and sexual attitudes?

sex and menstruation Incorrect

Incorrect s personal history is the most important determinant. Incorrect 2213 What is thought to be the cause of vaginismus (the involuntary contraction of vaginal muscles)? es Incorrect 2214 People experiencing dyspareunia: pain during sex. (True Answer )Correct 2215 A woman's dyspareunia is MOST likely caused by: orrect 2216

Symptoms of vaginismus always include: distrust of sexual relationships. Incorrect 2217 What is another name for genital pain during sexual activity? ion Incorrect 2218 In psychodynamic theory, the therapeutic goal in treating sexual dysfunction is: learned aversion to sexual material. Incorrect 2219 What problem did early behavioral therapists focus on when treating sexual dysfunction? ggression Incorrect 2220 The study of sexuality that led to a revolution in the treatment of sexual dysfunction was done by:

dman and LoPiccolo. Incorrect 2221 If someone receives modern sex therapy, chances are that the therapy will: biological/cultural issues. Incorrect 2222 Which of the following would a qualified sex therapist be LEAST likely to say to a client? rrect behavior. Incorrect Incorrect

like and don't like sexually. Incorrect 2223 The idea that both partners share the accountability for sexual dysfunction is known as:

sfunction. Incorrect 2224 Sensate focus refers to the technique in which:

the sexual relationship is rebuilt, concentrating on pleasure. (True Answer )Correct 2225 Couples in sex therapy who are working on eliminating the spectator role, are generally advised: rect (True Answer )Correct 2226 Which of the following does NOT belong with the others?

2227 In therapy, a patient is taught to visualize sexual scenes and uncover any negative emotions that occur. The therapist is using: -instruction training. Incorrect

2228 If you were instructed to imagine sexual scenes in order to identify when in the sexual encounter your anxiety about sex first arose, you would be engaging in a therapeutic technique called: tation. Incorrect 2229 In treating erectile disorder, the tease technique involves:

Answer )Correct period of stimulation. Incorrect

occurs. (True

penis below the head to prevent ejaculation. Incorrect 2230 A man's sexual partner repeatedly stimulates him to erection, then allows the erection to subside without the man experiencing an ejaculation. The sexual technique is called the: ue. Incorrect 2231 How does Viagra work? increases testosterone levels. Incorrect 2232 If a man has been taught to masturbate almost to orgasm, and then to insert his penis for intercourse, the man is MOST probably being treated for: ation. Incorrect

2233 Which of the following is the MOST accurate conclusion regarding the use of Viagra and related drugs to treat erectile disorders? what is causing the problem. Incorrect

often given without first assessing what is causing the problem. (True Answer )Correct 2234 Theoretically, why do SSRIs help treat early ejaculation? e early often become depressed. Incorrect . (True Answer

)Correct 2235

If during intercourse, the female repeatedly stimulates her male partner up to the point when he almost reaches orgasm and then stops, he is probably being treated for: ue Answer )Correct 2236 EMTs need to be sure to ask someone who is taking nitroglycerin if that person also has taken: Incorrect 2237 A client receives directed masturbation training and self-exploration instruction as part of the client's sex therapy. MOST likely, the client is a: ect

2238 The fact that insurance companies in the United States generally covered Viagra but not birth control pills until required to by state law supports the idea that: ent for sexually active men than they are for women.

(True Answer )Correct

women's sexuality. Incorrect 2239 Why do people object to the use of Viagra and similar drugs being voluntarily covered by health insurance companies, but fail to object to birth control pills not being covered unless mandated by law? while birth control is used by younger people. Incorrect women. (True Answer )Correct 2240 A woman who is inserting graduated cylinders into her vagina in a nondemand manner is probably being treated for:

2241 Which of the following does NOT belong with the others as a treatment for orgasmic dysfunction in women?

ue Answer )Correct 2242 All of the following are examples of current trends in sex therapy EXCEPT: eople with sexual dysfunctions. Incorrect Answer )Correct 2243 Most sex therapists are uneasy about recent reliance on drug treatments for sexual dysfunctions because: integrated approach to therapy might be ignored. (True Answer )Correct

Incorrect 2244 Which of the following disorders is NOT listed in DSM-5, but might be in future DSMs, following additional study?

2245 Most clinicians would agree that paraphilic activities should NOT be considered a disorder when: life. (True Answer )Correct 2246 DSM-5 recommends a diagnosis of paraphilia only when associated behaviors, fantasies, or urges last at least: Incorrect 2247 According to DSM-5, someone who initiates sexual contact with children is:

distress. Incorrect

ses the person significant

Answer )Correct 2248 SSRIs successfully treat paraphilias, MOST likely because of paraphilias' similarity to: -like disorders. (True Answer )Correct

2249 An antiandrogen would be MOST appropriate if a paraphilic disorder is caused by:

2250 The campus bra bandit steals women's underwear from the campus laundry, then masturbates into the underwear. The MOST accurate diagnosis would be: )Correct 2251 What is the term for the use of and attraction to inanimate objects as a preferred method of achieving sexual excitement? Incorrect 2252 What does the process of covert sensitization for fetishism involve? True Answer )Correct thinking of each in turn Incorrect 2253 When a fetishist imagines the object of the fetish, then immediately imagines an aversive stimulus, the behavioral approach being used is: -prevention training. Incorrect

2254 Of the following, which would MOST likely be treated with masturbatory satiation?

n therapy via operant conditioning. Incorrect

rrect 2255 A man being treated for a fetish to women's hats first obtains an erection from looking at women's hats, then begins to masturbate while looking at a picture of a nude woman. At the moment of orgasm, he makes sure to be looking at the picture of the nude woman. The behavioral approach being used is:

2256 Which of the following does NOT belong with the others?

-prevention training. Incorrect

2257 Cross-dressing is another term for: (True Answer )Correct 2258 A man derives sexual arousal exclusively from dressing in women's clothing. MOST likely, that person would be diagnosed as: onist. Incorrect 2259 Terry has been diagnosed as having a paraphilia, specifically transvestic fetishism. Terry is MOST likely to be: gay. Incorrect 2260 Exhibitionists engage in that behavior because they:

Incorrect 2261 Which of the following responses from the person he exposed himself to would be LEAST satisfying to an exhibitionist? eaming Incorrect 2262 Why are people who go to strip clubs not generally considered to be voyeurs? e is no sense these people who go there are doing something frowned on by society. Incorrect )Correct simultaneously be an exhibitionist and a voyeur. Incorrect 2263 Which of the following thoughts would likely be MOST arousing to a voyeur in the act of secretly watching a couple have sex? ing this in a way that I can't get caught. Incorrect )Correct 2264 In a very crowded department store during the Christmas rush, a woman suddenly feels a stranger rubbing his genital area against her thigh. He continues until the crowd begins to break up, then he moves away. The MOST likely diagnosis for this man is: sexual masochism. Incorrect 2265 During which period does frotteurism typically develop?

2266 During which period does pedophilia typically develop?

2267 In the classic type of pedophilic disorder, those MOST at risk are: ncorrect

2268 It's all right to have sex with children as long as they agree. This is an example of the ______ often experienced by pedophiles. epression Incorrect

2269 Recent studies of pedophiles show that: relapse-prevention training is unsuccessful. Incorrect 2270 Clients identify the situations that trigger pedophilic fantasies, and then learn to avoid the situations or cope with them more effectively. The treatment approach being used is:

2271 The technique of having a client with pedophilia identify situations in which he performs inappropriate behavior and then teaching him more appropriate coping strategies is called:

-prevention training. (True Answer )Correct 2272 Arnold cannot enjoy sexual intercourse unless he is tied up by his partner and beaten. His behavior is typical of:

2273 Autoerotic asphyxia is a fatal side effect of:

rue Answer )Correct

-dressing. Incorrect 2274 What is the PRIMARY source of sexual excitement for sexual sadists?

2275 While inflicting pain, perhaps unintentionally, on an animal or person, a teenager may become sexually aroused and later turn out to be a sadist. The theory that BEST describes this example of the development of sadism is: orrect 2276 One who is experiencing gender dysphoria: -dresses for the purpose of sexual arousal. Incorrect her biological gender. (True Answer )Correct -5 definitions. Incorrect

2277 A man who is biologically masculine but considers himself a woman and would like to live as a woman is: ndered. (True Answer )Correct 2278 A person feels most comfortable wearing clothes preferred by the other gender, strongly wishes to be the other gender, and is considering a surgical procedure. The MOST likely diagnosis for this person is:

2279 What is the MOST common outcome of gender dysphoria in childhood? pedophilia. Incorrect

2280

Which of the following theoretical orientations is MOST helpful in understanding the origin of gender identity disorder?

2281 Which of the following pairs are MOST analogous (comparable)? -to-male gender dysphoria and male-to-female gender dysphoria: androphilic type (True Answer )Correct -to-male gender dysphoria and male-to-female gender dysphoria: autogynephilic type Incorrect -to-female gender dysphoria: androphilic type and male-to-female gender dysphoria: autogynephilic type Incorrect -to-female gender dysphoria and male-to-male gender dysphoria Incorrect 2282 When people with gender identity disorder take hormones it is in an attempt to: . Incorrect

2283 What do androphilia and autogynephilia have in common? Incorrect -dress for the purpose of becoming sexually aroused. Incorrect Incorrect 2284 Who is MOST likely to receive phalloplasty? )Correct

1926 Define substance use disorder, tolerance, and withdrawal. Utilizing the DSM-5 checklist, discuss the criteria that would need to be present for an individual to receive a substance abuse disorder diagnosis. Be specific in describing the symptoms. 1927 Alcohol use and misuse have become some of society's greatest problems. Discuss the following areas: how does alcohol cause physical and psychological dependence?; what are the long-term problems associated with alcohol abuse? Then, describe one widely used form of therapy for those struggling with alcohol abuse.

1928 Compare and contrast heroin and cocaine in the following ways: the physiological properties of the drugs; the forms in which the drugs are normally taken; the prevalence of abuse of each. 1929 Nicotine use and abuse affects around 34 percent of Americans. Answer the following questions regarding tobacco and nicotine addiction: what are the effects of nicotine abuse? why is nicotine abuse so difficult to treat?; what are two (2) treatments for nicotine abuse; and why is smoking cessation so desirable from a physical perspective? 1930 Assume a totally new hallucinogenic drug has just hit the streets, and you are part of a research team charged with investigating the new drug. What information would you want to gather? How might you begin to assess the impact of the new drug on society? Assume (unrealistically, of course) your budget is practically limitless. 1931 What is the allure of the club drug known as Ecstasy? Discuss three of the dangers of using Ecstasy. How does MDMA operate in the brain? 1932 Marijuana previously was considered a hallucinogen in the DSM-IV-TR but is now in a separate category. First, explain the differences between hallucinogens and cannabis. Second, discuss why there is a separate listing for cannabis substances (marijuana) in DSM-5. Finally, describe the dangers associated with marijuana use. 1933 The battle over the legalization of marijuana has taken many twists and turns over the years. Discuss, in chronological order, the course of events surrounding the legalization of marijuana. 1934 Choose any two of the following views and discuss two ways in which they explain the causes of substance abuse disorders. 1. sociocultural 2. psychodynamic 3. cognitive-behavioral

 4. biological 1935 Some behavioral and cognitive-behavioral procedures for treating substancerelated disorders involve exposing clients to frightening or sickening stimuli or thoughts. Describe in detail one of these procedures, and comment on the ethical issues involved in using it. 1936 A 20-year-old friend of yours expresses a desire to receive treatment for alcohol abuse. What form of treatment would you recommend your friend look into, and why? Detail the strengths of the form of treatment you would recommend, along with its possible weaknesses. 1937 Describe the concerns addressed in culture and gender-sensitive substance abuse treatment programs. 1938 A recent addition in DSM-5 to the substance use disorders section is gambling disorder; Internet use disorder is under consideration for future inclusion. How are gambling disorder and Internet use disorder similar to, and how do they differ from, substance use disorders? 1939 Tom uses alcohol to the point that it is central to his life. As a result, he develops a physical need for the drug. Tom's disorder is known as _______. 1940 The actual effect of alcohol on the nervous system is that of a(n) ______. 1941 The enzyme that breaks down ethyl alcohol in the stomach is ______. 1942 According to some educators, the number one public health hazard for college students is ______.

1943 Alcoholism sometimes leads to a disease marked by confusion and extreme memory impairment. This disease is called ______. 1944 Withdrawal from any one of the class of drugs called ______ is dangerous because of the possibility of convulsions. 1945 When Melody stopped taking barbiturates, she suffered a period of nausea, insomnia, and sleep problems. This phenomenon is known as ______. 1946 After the injection of heroin, a narcotic abuser experiences ecstasy, an intense feeling called a(n) ______. 1947 The relatively long-lasting effect of an injection of heroin is called a(n)______. 1948 The brain's neurotransmitters that relieve pain are called ______. 1949 The effects of cocaine are MOST like those of ______. 1950 Crack is a form of ______. 1951 The MOST widely used stimulant in the world is ______. 1952 Several minutes after Lannie took LSD, her perception of color changed and she saw objects that weren't there. She was experiencing a(n) ______. wer ) 1953

Even months after taking LSD for the last time, a user may randomly experience ______. 1954 Willa was watching television when she suddenly saw pretty wavy colors that looked just like her last LSD trip, six months ago. Her experience is an example of a(n) ______ . 1955 The MOST powerful active ingredient in marijuana is ______. 1956 The effect of taking two different drugs may be more than the sum of the two effects. This is called a(n) ______. 1957 Jodi's therapist believes that her drug problem stems from dependence caused by unresolved conflicts in her relationship with her parents. Her therapist's point of view is ______. 1958 Pairing the craving for a drug with an electric shock is an example of ______. 1959 Learning coping strategies to deal with situations known to stimulate drinking is part of ______ training. -prevention (True Answer ) 1960 When Todd arrived at the center, he was given a physical and then allowed time to go through withdrawal symptoms. This process is called ______. (True Answer ) 1961 Within seconds of getting the injection, Glenda, a relatively new heroin user was in the middle of withdrawal symptoms. The injection was probably a(n) ______. er ) 1962

______ is a drug that has been used as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of addiction. 1963 The MOST known of the self-help groups for alcohol abusers is ______. 1964 The organization that was formed to offer guidance and support to the family members of alcoholics is called ______. 1965 DSM-5 has added an addictive disorder that doesn't involve use of a substance to the substance use disorder section. That added disorder is ______. 1966 The perceptual distortions some drugs produce are called:

inosis. (True Answer )Correct 1967 Which of the following would NOT be considered a drug?

1968 A college professor's work performance recently has deteriorated, and his colleagues find him difficult to talk to. If this is due to a problem with drugs, the best description of this professor's behavior as detailed above would be: Incorrect 1969 A frequent drug user finds that larger doses of a drug are necessary to produce the same high that much lower doses once produced. That drug user is developing: swer )Correct 1970

The long-term pattern of maladaptive behavior caused by the regular use of some chemical or drug is called: wer )Correct 1971 Melanie has been out with friends and has been using drugs. In spite of being obviously uncoordinated and under the influence, she wants to drive her car. Her condition is an example of: intoxication. (True Answer )Correct 1972 Intoxication is actually a form of:

1973 Mendon began by taking one amphetamine a day to control his appetite. After a month or so, the one pill did not work as well but two pills did. This is an example of:

dependence. Incorrect 1974 A person who experiences vomiting and shaking when he tries to stop drinking alcohol has developed:

ct 1975 Which of the following is a depressant?

1976 A newly developed drug causes users to lose some muscle control and slur their words, The drug also results in a slowing of central nervous system activity. MOST likely this drug is a:

1977 Alcohol works as a central nervous system depressant by: stimulating the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters. Incorrect

1978 If all you know about someone is that the person has been binge drinking in the past month, then you know the person had at least: female. Incorrect 1979 Of the following, the MOST likely to exhibit a substance abuse disorder would be a(n):

1980 Women tolerate alcohol LESS well than men because: hol in more concentrated forms. Incorrect )Correct 1981 Because alcohol binds to neurons that normally receive the neurotransmitter GABA, it is not surprising that alcohol:

1982 In women, the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase is found at: higher levels in the brain, making them more susceptible to getting drunk. Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect

(True Answer )Correct 1983 The blood-alcohol level that typically produces the symptoms of intoxication is ______ of the blood volume. t Incorrect 1984 A person has ingested enough ethyl alcohol to lose consciousness, but not enough to produce death. The MOST probable alcohol concentration in that person, expressed as a percent of blood volume, is:

1985 Of the following, the person who would probably have the highest blood alcohol level after an hour of drinking would be a: -pound man who had drunk two cans of beer. Incorrect -pound woman who had drunk six cans of beer. (True Answer )Correct -pound man who had drunk six cans of beer. Incorrect -pound woman who had drunk two cans of beer. Incorrect 1986 Pat and Jody each have five screwdrivers (OJ and vodka). Pat gets very drunk. Jody does not. Which of the following is MOST likely to be true?

Caucasian, Jody is African American. Incorrect 1987 A friend of yours who has been recently doing some recent heavy drinking asks you what to do to sober up as quickly as possible. Your BEST answer would be: sugar. Incorrect

1988 Two people of the same gender and weight consume the same amount of alcohol in the same amount of time. Nevertheless, one of them sobers up substantially sooner than the other. MOST likely, this difference is due to: wine, for instance. Incorrect people. Incorrect usually sober up quicker than Type A

(True Answer )Correct

-dioxide

byproduct of alcohol metabolism faster. Incorrect 1989 A full-time college student has just become a college dropout. The chances that alcohol was a factor in the dropping out is about: ct 1990 One study shows that, in substance-free dorms, the percent of students who are binge drinkers is: -tenth the percent of students, nationwide, who are binge drinkers. Incorrect -quarter the percent of students, nationwide, who are binge drinkers. Incorrect -half the percent of students, nationwide, who are binge drinkers. (True Answer )Correct 1991 According to a recent study by Henry Wechsler and his colleagues at the Harvard School of Public Health, the BEST predictor of college binge drinking is:

social fraternity. (True Answer )Correct 1992 Considering alcoholism in white American men, African American men, and Hispanic American men, which of the following is MOST accurate? ns drink the most, followed by other groups. Incorrect )Correct 1993 Wes has a drink in the morning on rising. He has a cocktail with breakfast. He usually sneaks a snort during the morning (just to get through the day) and then drinks during his lunch. When he gets home after work he goes to a singles bar and immediately has a drink to ease his nerves about approaching the women there. Later, at home, he generally has a small dinner and then sits in front of the TV watching sports and drinking beer (as many as 12 cans). Somehow he manages to get up and go to work the next morning. Wes is displaying: ect

1994 An individual who is dependent on alcohol is experiencing delirium tremens. This reaction is: s drinking. Incorrect ng. (True

Answer )Correct 1995 A person you know has just started experiencing delirium tremens. Probably they will last: or stroke. (True Answer )Correct 1996 In what proportion of suicides and rapes in the United States does alcoholism play a role? -tenth Incorrect -quarter Incorrect -third (True Answer )Correct 1997 The scarring of the liver caused by alcohol consumption is known as: ncorrect 1998 A patient in an alcohol rehabilitation center tells you a detailed story about growing up in the mountains of Tennessee. Later, you find out that the person in fact never even visited Tennessee. A day later you visit the patient again, and the patient does not recognize you. Most likely, the patient is suffering from:

ome. (True Answer )Correct 1999 A combination of alcohol abuse and a vitamin-B deficiency can lead to:

-induced psychotic disorder. Incorrect

2000 Kelly is a long-time serious drinker. In the last year she has started having huge memory lapses. When this happens she makes up wild stories to help her fill in what she does not remember. This symptom is called: rrect -induced psychotic disorder. Incorrect 2001 Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can damage the developing embryo and fetus, resulting in: Incorrect

2002 A pattern of abnormalities, head and facial deformities, heart defects, and intellectual development disorder characterizes someone with:

2003 Nan took a drug and a few minutes later felt calm and drowsy. Then she went to sleep. Nan probably took:

2004 Barbiturates were first prescribed to help people: ncorrect 2005 Benzodiazepines primarily affect the neurotransmitter:

2006 Because of the likelihood of convulsions, withdrawal from ______ is especially dangerous.

2007 If a physician wanted to relieve anxiety with a LESSER risk of drowsiness, overdose, and slowed breathing, the physician would prescribe:

2008 A wounded veteran of the U.S. Civil War suffering from soldiers' disease MOST likely was suffering from: -induced symptoms from wound binding made of hemp cloth. Incorrect 2009 A friend says, I want to minimize my risks of organ damage and long-lasting mental change, and then asks, What kind of drug should I most avoid? Your BEST response is: ly amphetamines. Incorrect 2010 Of the following, which has the LOWEST risks for drug dependency and long-term behavioral change?

Incorrect 2011 The drug that, when misused, would MOST quickly result in dependence or addiction would be:

2012 Unlike the opioid drugs morphine and heroin, methadone:

2013

After an accident, Kendra was taken to the hospital with broken legs and arms. She was almost immediately given a shot that reduced her pain. The shot was MOST likely:

2014 All the opioid drugs are known collectively as: rue Answer )Correct

2015 Serina has just had an injection of heroin. She feels intense pleasure very quickly. This is known as: a high. Incorrect 2016 The drug that produces effects similar to what neurotransmitters called endorphins produce is:

2017 The pleasant feeling called a high produced by using narcotics is due to: ndorphins. (True Answer )Correct 2018 During his first night in the detoxification unit, Quent developed what seemed like a case of the flu. He ached all over and had diarrhea. He was probably withdrawing from:

2019 In the past 30 years, the rate of opioid addiction in the United States has: . Incorrect

2020 A heroin overdose is likely to occur when: (True Answer )Correct

usual dose. Incorrect 2021 Why is the risk of transmitting AIDS an important factor for heroin users? ncorrect Answer )Correct 2022 A person would be LEAST likely to feel drowsy soon after taking a moderate dose of which type of drug? rrect 2023 Cocaine and amphetamines produce:

2024 A person who recently injected cocaine reports reaching the peak of euphoria. Usually, that euphoria: precedes the peak of dopamine-using neuron activity by about 5 minutes. Incorrect -using neuron activity. (True Answer )Correct -using neuron activity by about 5 minutes. Incorrect -using neuron activity by at least 10 minutes. Incorrect 2025 An individual who has recently taken a drug angrily grabs some car keys and attempts to drive home. The person appears anxious, and keeps bragging that driving the car won't really be that difficult. MOST likely, that person is experiencing:

-tolerance. Incorrect 2026 Mario felt awake and alive as though he could conquer the world. He MOST likely used:

2027 Ellen stopped taking her regular amount of cocaine after using it for months. She will probably experience:

e, and convulsions. Incorrect 2028 The proportion of Americans over the age of 11 who smoke is about:

2029 A friend asks you for advice about how to stop smoking. Based on the data, your best advice to your friend would be: -help kit, and stick with it. Most people who try to quit smoking succeed only if they can quit on their first try. Incorrect -help kit, then try it again and again. Most people who try to quit smoking succeed only after they've failed to quit several times. Incorrect -term results. Incorrect 2030 Methods of supplying nicotine to those who are trying to quit smoking include all of the following except:

2031 Research suggests that people continue to use tobacco despite its health risks because:

2032 Free-basing has the effect of making cocaine:

. Incorrect

2033 About what percentage of the population in the United States abuses or is dependent on cocaine?

2034 If you were trying to convince a friend not to be a cocaine user, what would you cite as the GREATEST damage stemming from cocaine use? -related crimes Incorrect

2035 An EMT has to be especially aware of people abusing cocaine, because even young people are at risk for all of the following EXCEPT:

2036 Lola's physician prescribed diet pills. Which of the following drugs are they MOST likely to have contained?

2037 After a fire in an isolated farmhouse, firefighters found several small propane tanks and other strong evidence of a recently abandoned meth lab. If what the firefighters found was a meth lab, it was: most meth labs now are relatively large operations in urban areas. Incorrect most meth labs now are relatively large operations in rural areas. (True Answer )Correct most meth labs now are relatively small operations in urban areas. Incorrect

most meth labs now are relatively small operations in rural areas. Incorrect 2038 The club drug, which damages nerve endings and is associated with high rates of HIV- positive tests but which is NOT considered hallucinogenic, is:

2039 The stimulant used by MORE people in the world than any other is: -based and crack forms). Incorrect 2040 A person took a drug an hour or two ago. Now the person sits alone, quietly and intensely listening to the sap running in a tree whose leaves appear a brilliant purple to the drug user. MOST likely, the person has recently used:

methamphetamine. Incorrect 2041 While under the influence of LSD, Matilda believes that she can feel the sounds around her. This effect is known as:

2042 A person takes a drug at noon. Although remaining awake and alert, the person experiences poor coordination, palpitations, and greatly enhanced visual perceptions. By dinner, the symptoms have pretty well subsided. MOST likely, that person:

c effect. Incorrect

2043 What is the risk of tolerance and physical addiction to hallucinogens as compared to that of other addictive drugs?

2044 At the rave, a student took a drug that caused a great burst of energy, along with badly distorted visual experiences. Most likely, the drug the student took was:

2045 Months after last taking a drug, a former drug abuser still produces very little serotonin. The person is depressed and anxious, and has great difficulty remembering new material. Most likely, the abused drugif it were a single drug was:

2046 A person who uses the drug Ecstasy at a crowded party begins to feel too hot, and immediately drinks lots of fluids. This person: (True Answer )Correct intoxication. Incorrect hypothermia. Incorrect nate the chance of hypothermia.

Incorrect 2047 An acquaintance of yours uses Ecstasy and says, Wow! I was totally energized and tripping. It was like LSD and meth combined. Your acquaintance's experience with Ecstasy was: acts as a central nervous system depressant. Incorrect Answer )Correct 2048 The chief danger of LSD use is: )Correct ucinogenic, but not stimulant properties. Incorrect

l symptoms among even occasional users. Incorrect

2049 The MOST powerful form of cannabis is:

-based THC. Incorrect 2050 The duration of most of the effects of cannabis is about:

2051 According to the chart in your textbook, teenagers say that the drug easiest for them to obtain is:

2052 Marijuana users in the 1960s were less likely to develop drug dependence than users around the year 2000 because the marijuana available in the 1960s had:

2053 A high school student asks you, What's the big deal about using pot? How can it hurt me? The MOST accurate reply you could make is: Answer )Correct Incorrect Incorrect get older.

2054 Three chronic marijuana usersa light user, a moderate user, and a heavy userstop using marijuana. Several weeks later, abnormal blood flow, which had occurred in the brains of all three prior to quitting, had MOST likely: e light and moderate users only. Incorrect remained at abnormal levels for the heavy user. (True Answer )Correct 2055 Which of the following is a negative effect of cannabis use?

it really won't affect you much in school. Incorrect

2056 If someone opposes the medical use of THC, MOST likely, the person may do so because: Incorrect edical use is just another way of saying legalized pot. Incorrect 2057 Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding cannabis in the United States? es and has been used for several centuries in North America for medical and recreational purposes. Incorrect used for medical purposes. (True Answer )Correct introduced into the United States about 100 years ago and was first used for recreational purposes. Incorrect from the beginning for both recreational and medical purposes. Incorrect 2058 Throughout most of the United States, it is illegal to use marijuana, even for medical reasons. Compared to other nations, this is: marijuana. Incorrect most countries permit medical, but not recreational, use of marijuana. Incorrect marijuana. Incorrect marijuana. (True Answer )Correct 2059 Probably the WORST thing one who has partied hard with alcohol could do right after drinking would be to: -sized meal. Incorrect t taking drugs to minimize aftereffects. Incorrect 2060 Barry drank quite a lot at the biggest party of the year. Later, he had trouble falling asleep, so he took a barbiturate. If he dies from respiratory failure during the night, it is probably because the alcohol and barbiturate had:

-tolerance effect. Incorrect 2061 Which of the following combinations is MOST likely to result in antagonistic effects?

2062 Polysubstance use involving illegal drugs occurs in about what percent of U.S. illegal drug users?

2063 Which of the following would be MOST likely to develop alcoholism? Answer )Correct rea Incorrect 2064 Researchers have found that substance use disorders are more common among some religious groups than others, and generally are more common among some groups than among others. Together, these findings provide the MOST support for which view of substance abuse disorders? -behavioral Incorrect 2065 According to recent studies, in a random sample of 24 employed adults, you would expect that about 2 of them would be using an illegal drug. In a random sample of 24 unemployed adults, how many illegal drug users would you expect to find? orrect 2066 One longitudinal study found that men who develop alcoholism were initially MORE:

n adolescence. Incorrect

2067 Studies attempting to relate personality traits to potential for developing substance abuse show that: icts substance abuse. Incorrect )Correct 2068 Drug dependence may develop because one finds drug use rewarding when it reduces tension. Which view of substance abuse would MOST agree with this statement?

2069 A manager who feels anxious about speaking in front of large groups frequently has a couple of glasses of wine to relax before beginning to speak. This medicinal use of alcohol can be explained MOST easily: -process theory. Incorrect ncorrect 2070 Daniel, an intravenous heroin user, feels intense cravings when he sees hypodermic needles. This may be an example of: ditioning. Incorrect 2071 A marijuana user has just taken the drug. Almost half an hour passes before the user begins to experience the drug high. Most likely, the user has taken the drug by:

2072 A person with a substance abuse problem has just self-administered by intramuscular injection an overdose of fentanyl, a very powerful synthetic narcotic. A potentially fatal side effect of fentanyl overdose is that breathing stops. Assuming the drug would interfere with breathing when it reaches the brain, the person should experience breathing difficulty:

2073 If genetics plays a strong role in the development of cocaine abuse, we would expect to find the LOWEST concordance rates for cocaine abuse among:

2074 Assume a researcher finds that overuse of a drug reduces the body's production of neurotransmitters. Thus, if an abuser of this drug stops taking the drug, withdrawal symptoms occur until the brain begins producing normal levels of neurotransmitters again. Such a finding would most directly support which view of the cause of substance-abuse disorders? -process Incorrect 2075 Chronic and excessive use of benzodiazepines may cause the:

-producing cells. Incorrect 2076 Research indicates that the MOST important neurotransmitter in the pleasure pathway of the brain is probably:

2077 Scientists have conducted breeding experiments by mating across generations nonhumans that prefer alcohol. What have these researchers found? Answer )Correct preference. Incorrect 2078 Is there any explanation of a genetic explanation for substance abuse disorders? e possibility of a conclusive finding remains. Incorrect

abuse disorders, the explanation will probably end up being polygenic. Incorrect t seems to support a genetic explanation. Incorrect disorder to have an abnormal D2 receptor gene. (True Answer )Correct 2079 A researcher reports that a drug directly stimulates a reward center in the brain rather than through indirect stimulation of a reward center. The drug the researcher is studying could be any of the following drugs EXCEPT: ect 2080 A researcher reports that a drug indirectly stimulates a reward center in the brain rather than directly stimulating it. The drug the researcher is studying could be any of the following drugs EXCEPT:

2081 Which of the following has been identified as a problem in designing and evaluating treatment methods for substance abuse? ually all patients relapse. Incorrect

Incorrect 2082 A friend says, I'm thinking about getting some help for my problem drinking. What's the most commonly used form of treatment? Your BEST answer is: -help groups. (True Answer )Correct rehabilitation. Incorrect 2083 Of the following alternatives, the MOST commonly used form of treatment for a substance abuse disorder is: correct -help groups. (True Answer )Correct 2084

Psychodynamic therapies may not be very effective in the treatment of substancerelated disorders because: s. Incorrect -related disorder is less important than treating the abuse as an independent problem. (True Answer )Correct aterally reject any use of multidimensional treatment programs. Incorrect 2085 In general, behavioral treatments for substance-related disorders are more successful when: )Correct Incorrect behavioral). Incorrect -

2086 A client being treated for alcohol abuse receives just enough of a drug called curare to produce temporary paralysis just as that client takes a swig of beer. Presumably, sufficient pairings of paralysis and alcohol will reduce the client's desire for alcohol. This procedure is called: -prevention training. Incorrect 2087 Cocaine abusers on an inpatient ward earn rewardsand eventual release from the programif they produce periodic urine samples that are free of the drug. The program they are in is a form of: -control training (BSCT). Incorrect -prevention training. Incorrect 2088 According to reports about the effectiveness of Drug Courts and Sobriety High programs, how likely are those who complete these programs to violate the law again compared with those who do not complete them? -tenth as likely Incorrect -third as likely (True Answer )Correct programs) Incorrect 2089

According to reports about the effectiveness of the Sobriety High program, about what percent of those enrolled have mental health problems besides chemical dependency?

2090 Sobriety High and Drug Court programs: the long run. Incorrect run. Incorrect money in the long run. Incorrect grams, but do not save society

run. (True Answer )Correct 2091 Jason, a recovering heavy drinker, has been trained to identify the situations that might cause him to drink and to be aware of when he should stop drinking. This approach is known as: -control therapy. Incorrect -prevention training. (True Answer )Correct -control training. Incorrect

2092 What would those who support the Alcoholics Anonymous approach to treating alcoholism have to say about the cognitive-behavioral procedure called relapseprevention training? -prevention training because it does not require sobriety. (True Answer )Correct -prevention training because research shows it doesn't work very well. Incorrect -prevention training because it requires sobriety. Incorrect would support relapse-prevention training because of the testimonial evidence of its effectiveness. Incorrect 2093 A client receiving treatment for substance abuse keeps track of times the substance is used, and develops strategies to deal with the substance when there is an opportunity to use it. The client is MOST likely receiving: -prevention training. (True Answer )Correct -Antagonist training (CAT). Incorrect 2094

Detoxification procedures may involve any of the following, EXCEPT: detoxification. Incorrect ncreasing the substance dose to make the substance aversive. (True Answer )Correct -used detoxification procedures. Incorrect 2095 Jess thought she was taking an aspirin. But later when she had a glass of wine and became very nauseated she realized the pill was:

2096 The purpose of an antagonist drug is to:

-free. Incorrect block or change the effect of an addictive drug. (True Answer )Correct

2097 The use of narcotic antagonists can be dangerous. This is based on their ability to initiate:

2098 The use of methadone in drug maintenance programs is controversial because methadone:

Answer )Correct

times per day in a rigid schedule. Incorrect 2099 During a recent ambulance call, EMTs gave naloxone to a person who had injected an overdose of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid. This treatment is usually: ineffective in treating opioid overdose, although it weakens subsequent withdrawal symptoms. Incorrect more severe. (True Answer )Correct 2100 One of the features of Alcoholics Anonymous is:

2101 Hanna goes to a meeting because her husband is an alcoholic who only occasionally can abstain from alcohol. The meetings with other people in similar situations helps her cope. She probably attends meetings of: tenance. Incorrect 2102 Alcoholics Anonymous supports the belief that alcoholics should: Incorrect 2103 Alcoholism is a disease; you are an alcoholic for life, and must stop drinking. The treatment favored by the person/group being quoted MOST likely is: us. (True Answer )Correct -behavioral therapy. Incorrect 2104 Evidence for the effectiveness of self-help programs comes MOSTLY from: Incorrect -sectional surveys of self-help program participants. Incorrect program. (True Answer )Correct 2105 Recent studies show that gender-sensitive programs for treating substance abuse: same physical and psychological reactions to drugs. Incorrect ferent genders have the same physical, but different psychological, reactions to drugs. Incorrect physical, but the same psychological, reactions to drugs. Incorrect very useful; substance abusers of different genders have different physical and psychological reactions to drugs. (True Answer )Correct 2106 A clinician wishes to begin a drug abuse prevention campaign in a community. The most important thing the clinician can do is to:

)Correct mission to focus the campaign in the local high school. Incorrect 2107 DSM-5 includes gambling disorder as an addictive disorder, along with substance abuse disorders. This inclusion is: doesn't involve a substance. (True Answer )Correct disorder in the category that doesn't involve a substance. Incorrect h were added as non-substance disorders in the category. Incorrect involve a substance. Incorrect 2108 An individual goes to a casino two weekends every year. While there, he usually loses several thousand dollars gambling. In between casino visits, he neither gambles nor thinks much about gambling. The MOST accurate assessment of this behavior would be: avior may not be gambling disorder because the person doesn't gamble often enough. Incorrect enough money. Incorrect 2109 I feel great! a friend says, Let's go to the casino and play the slots. Your friend has been to the casino several times in the past two weeks and just can't seem to stay away. Does your friend qualify for the diagnosis of gambling disorder? evated mood goes with gambling and your friend's behavior seems out of control. Incorrect out of control. (True Answer )Correct seem out of control yet. Incorrect of control yet. Incorrect 2110 Gambling disorder is MOST common among: . Incorrect t your friend's behavior doesn't

2111

I've been diagnosed with gambling disorder, a friend says and then asks, What kind of therapy works best? Based on current research, your BEST response is: -term psychodynamic therapy seems best. Incorrect tive-behavior therapies. Incorrect 2112 I've been diagnosed with gambling disorder, a friend says, and then asks What theory does the best job of explaining how I developed this disorder? Based on current research, your BEST answer is: ect 2113 I just received a DSM-5 diagnosis of Internet use disorder, a friend says and then asks. What do you think? Your MOST accurate reply would be: rder is a new one in the DSM-5. Incorrect -5. (True Answer )Correct -IV-TR to DSM-5. Incorrect it's neither in the DSM-5, nor is there any study going on that may lead to including it in the next edition. Incorrect 2114 Internet use disorder is not in the DSM-5, but if it is included in the next edition, a research-based estimate of the percentage of people in the United States who would fit the diagnostic criteria would be about:

2115 Which of the following statements MOST accurately reflects what is being done in the area of Internet use disorder at the present time? -5 category. Incorrect way that seriously affects social relationships. Incorrect -5 category. Incorrect -5 category, but people who meet the disorder's criteria act similarly to those with gambling disorder, which is in the DSM-5. (True Answer )Correct

1749 Identify the similarities and differences in anorexia and bulimia.

1750 Describe the behaviors that a purging-type bulimic and a bingeing-type bulimic would display. 1751 Hilde Bruch developed a psychodynamic theory for eating disorders. Using this theory, give three examples of how an eating disorder may develop. Also, include a cognitive explanation of eating disorders. 1752 Using biological theory, discuss three factors that may point to a biological explanation for eating disorders. Additionally, include the relevance of weight set point in your answer. 1753 Some people feel that our society has become obsessed with thinness recently. Discuss three different types of societal pressure that could be used to support this claim. 1754 Discuss three factors involved in how families play a role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders. 1755 Is body image a matter of race? Discuss the racial and ethnic differences in the prevalence of eating disorders. 1756 Outline a treatment plan for someone experiencing anorexia that includes the following: the two main goals of treatment, the short-term and long-term treatment objectives, and the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy. 1757 How successful is treatment for anorexia? What can we anticipate about the longterm adjustment of one who has had anorexia, both physically and psychologically? 1758 You are a behavioral clinician treating someone with bulimia nervosa. What would be your treatment goals and what techniques would you use? 1759 The disorder characterized by low body weight and a disturbed body image is called ______.

1760 Anorexia nervosa that is characterized exclusively by controlling the intake of food is called ______ anorexia nervosa. -type (True Answer ) 1761 The ritualistic behaviors surrounding food that are characteristic of anorexia nervosa are similar to ______. -compulsive disorder (True Answer ) 1762 An emaciated woman who perceives herself as too fat illustrates ______. 1763 People with _______ have a low opinion of their body shape and physical attractiveness. 1764 The cessation of menstruation common to anorexic women is known as ______. 1765 Overeating and vomiting characterize ______. 1766 Those who have bulimia nervosa may have between ______ and ______ binge episodes per week. 1767 Kidney disease and heart problems are possible medical complication of long-term ______. 1768 The function in the body of glucagonlike peptide-1 is to act as a natural ______. 1769 The weight to which a person's body naturally returns after a diet is known as his or her ______.

1770 Gaining weight after a diet is over is called the ______. 1771 The emphasis on female thinness helps create a strong predisposition toward eating disorders due to ______. 1772 According to Salvador Minuchin, a(n) ______ family pattern is one in which members are overly concerned with each other's affairs. 1773 ______is a therapy program conducted in a hospital ward. It emphasizes educating anorexic patients, encouraging them, and providing a structured program for weight gain. 1774 In the therapy approach called ______, a therapist exposes a bulimic patient to bingeinducing stimuli and then prevents binge eating (True Answer ) 1775 ______ medication has been shown to be particularly effective with bulimia nervosa. 1776 The disorder that is characterized by eating binges followed by forced vomiting is called: rect

1777 A person who eats large amounts of food in a short period, and does this repeatedly, with no other symptoms, would be said to have: -eating disorder. (True Answer )Correct

1778 Characteristics of anorexia nervosa include all the following EXCEPT:

fear of becoming overweight. Incorrect 1779 Which of the following would be MOST likely to cut out sweets, then eliminate more and more types of foods, but not engage in force vomiting? -type anorexia nervosa (True Answer )Correct -type anorexia Incorrect 1780 Recent research on body dissatisfaction among college students suggests which of the following? who are of medium weight. Incorrect approximately equal rates of body dissatisfaction. Incorrect are of medium weight. (True Answer )Correct ncorrect -type bulimia Incorrect

1781 A young woman has become very afraid of being overweight. She has recently reduced her food intake, although she feels hungry all the time. As a result, her weight has dropped sharply below average, but she still believes that she is overweight. She is MOST likely experiencing:

1782 A person who stopped eating candy and other sweets, then gradually eliminated other foods until he or she was eating almost nothing could be experiencing: -purge type of anorexia nervosa. Incorrect -phobia type of anorexia nervosa. Incorrect -type anorexia nervosa. (True Answer )Correct exercise-induced anorexia nervosa. Incorrect 1783 What is the first type of food usually eliminated from the diet of the developing restricting- type anorexic person?

1784 A person who loses weight by forcing herself to vomit after meals or by using laxatives, and who otherwise fits the definition of anorexia is experiencing:

rrect

1785 Which of the following is NOT true about anorexia nervosa? overweight. Incorrect failure. Incorrect Incorrect

-eating/purging anorexia nervosa. (True Answer )Correct -phobia anorexia nervosa. Incorrect -type anorexia nervosa. Incorrect -limited anorexia nervosa. Incorrect

anorexia nervosa are men. (True Answer )Correct 1786 Which of the following statements BEST reflects the relationship between gender and eating disorders? girls after the age of 18 years old. Incorrect 1787 The peak age range for the development of anorexia nervosa is:

1788 What is the MOST common outcome for individuals with anorexia nervosa? suffering irreversible physical harm Incorrect 1789 Although most victims recover from eating disorders, between ______ and ______ of them become so seriously ill that they die from medical problems or from suicide.

1790 If a person says, I must be perfect in every way. I'll be a better person if I deprive myself of food, that person is engaging in: -compulsions. Incorrect

1791 The PRIMARY motivating emotion a person with anorexia experiences is: ear. (True Answer )Correct

1792 The preoccupation with food characteristic of anorexia nervosa is thought to:

1793 In the 1940s, a group of volunteers was put on a semistarvation diet for 6 months. During the latter part of the study: ecame bulimic. Incorrect

Incorrect 1794 A modern explanation of why many anorexic people continually have food-related thoughts and dreams is that: ughts and dreams are the cause of food deprivation. Incorrect )Correct 1795 The MOST common cognitive disturbance in anorexia nervosa is: rrect

1796 People suffering from anorexia nervosa tend to: size. Incorrect 1797 Which of these characteristics is MOST consistent with anorexia nervosa? view that one's body is too thin Incorrect

1798 Which of the following would be LEAST likely to characterize the behavior of someone experiencing anorexia nervosa?

d (True Answer )Correct 1799 Nonanorexic people who are placed on a starvation diet: s of anorexia nervosa. (True Answer

)Correct

food preoccupation. Incorrect 1800 If you were looking at a photograph of yourself and adjusting the size until you thought the picture looked like you, you would MOST likely be participating in an assessment of your: -esteem. Incorrect ct 1801 Anorexic individuals often show which of the following personality characteristics?

1802 Of the following, the psychological disorder that anorexia nervosa MOST resembles is:

1803 Which of the following psychological problems is LEAST likely to be associated with anorexia nervosa? -compulsive disorder Incorrect 1804

-compulsive disorder. (True Answer )Correct

If a friend were experiencing anorexia nervosa, you wouldn't be surprised to find that the friend was also experiencing all of the following EXCEPT: -esteem. Incorrect 1805 A patient in therapy who eats exactly eight pieces of bread that he or she has carefully made into balls of equal diameter is displaying a symptom of anorexia nervosa related to: -compulsive disorder. (True Answer )Correct 1806 The popular star whose death raised awareness of eating disorders was:

1807 Which of the following medical problems associated with anorexia is MOST likely to lead to death?

1808 Consequences of anorexia nervosa include all of the following EXCEPT:

1809 Which of the following problems is common in anorexia nervosa?

1810 Which of the following problems is a possible medical complication of anorexia nervosa?

1811 If an anorexic woman has lanugo, what has happened? Incorrect

1812 Misusing diuretics and laxatives following a binge is a symptom of the ______ of bulimia nervosa. -type Incorrect -onset-type Incorrect -type Incorrect -type (True Answer )Correct 1813 Someone who fasts or exercises strenuously following a binge is engaging in: ors. (True Answer )Correct

1814 Bulimia is always characterized by: -compulsive disorder Incorrect sting and frantic exercise. Incorrect 1815 All of the following are compensatory behaviors for someone with bulimia EXCEPT: ncorrect 1816 The central feature of bulimia nervosa is:

binge eating followed by a compensatory behavior. (True Answer )Correct 1817 The MOST accurate diagnosis for a woman who regularly eats a whole pizza, a carton of ice cream, and a box of donuts at one sitting, then forces herself to throw it all up is: ompulsive-type bulimia nervosa. Incorrect -type bulimia nervosa. (True Answer )Correct -type bulimia nervosa. Incorrect -type bulimia. Incorrect 1818

A woman eats cookies, cake, ice cream, and almost anything else that is sweet. At some point during the binge, she takes a huge dose of a laxative to empty out the food. Her taking the laxative, and the assumption underlying why she does it, would lead to a diagnosis of: -eating disorder. Incorrect -type bulimia nervosa. (True Answer )Correct -type bulimia nervosa. Incorrect 1819 Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for bulimia nervosa? weight at least 15 percent below normal Incorrect 1820 A woman eats chips and dips, burgers and fries, and drinks a couple of shakes. Afterward, she goes to the gym and does 90 minutes of aerobics, spends an hour on the stairstepper, and then does weights for another hour. She also does not eat for 72 hours. The set of assumptions underlying her behavior would lead to a diagnosis of: -eating disorder. Incorrect -type bulimia nervosa. Incorrect -type bulimia nervosa. (True Answer )Correct 1821 If binge eating is followed by a period of strenuous exercise to compensate for the food, the diagnosis is probably: -eating disorder. Incorrect -type bulimia nervosa. Incorrect -type bulimia nervosa. (True Answer )Correct 1822 To qualify for a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, what must be TRUE of the compensatory behaviors displayed?

gical changes in the body. Incorrect 1823 Compared to people with anorexia nervosa, MOST people with bulimia:

Incorrect 1824 Which of the following statements is true?

-type anorexia nervosa are generally also obese. Incorrect ople with bulimia nervosa run the risk of becoming both anorexic and obese. (True Answer )Correct 1825 People who are often overweight and regularly binge eat without compensatory behaviors are experiencing: -purge disorder. Incorrect -bulimia disorder. Incorrect -eating disorder. (True Answer )Correct 1826 Many teenagers go on occasional eating binges. Which of the following is TRUE about this behavior? Incorrect

1827 If a friend of yours had bulimia nervosa and engaged in frequent binges, about how many of his or her binges per week would you expect to witness yourself?

1828 What appears to be the KEY factor in determining the types of food that are likely to be eaten in a binge?

1829 Regarding emotions, the pattern common in bulimia from prebinge, through binge, to postbinge is BEST described in sequence as:

rrect 1830 For people with bulimia nervosa, binge episodes produce feelings of:

1831 People who binge: -protein foods such as steak and nuts. Incorrect binge. Incorrect 1832 Vomiting as a compensatory behavior for those experiencing bulimia: )Correct during the next binge. Incorrect 1833 Which of the following behaviors BEST describes the effects of compensatory behaviors bulimics use in controlling weight? he absorption of 90 percent of calories consumed. Incorrect pletely undoes the caloric effects of bingeing. Incorrect 1834 Following a very-low-calorie weight-loss program, participants would be at MOST risk for:

Incorrect 1835 Immediately preceding the onset of an eating disorder, one would MOST likely find that the woman: experienced a growth spurt. Incorrect Answer )Correct 1836 Similarities between bulimia and anorexia include: obese. (True Answer )Correct t

becoming

1837 Where would one be MOST likely to see the sentence, Nothing tastes as good as skinny feels?

1838 A young woman who is very concerned about being attractive to others, is more sexually experienced, and has relatively few obsessive qualities is: likely to be experiencing bulimia than anorexia. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect 1839 Someone who is experiencing bulimia is MORE likely to _____ than someone experiencing anorexia.

-annorexia Web site (True Answer )Correct y prevention program Incorrect

have serious medical consequences from the disorder Incorrect 1840 The medical problem that is twice as frequent in anorexic women as it is in bulimic women is:

esophageal bleeding. Incorrect 1841 Which one of the following is a medical condition MORE common in bulimia than anorexia?

ody hair Incorrect 1842 Biggest Loser contestants, if they are like the majority of obese people, are MOST likely: d than those who experience bulimia nervosa.

Incorrect

1843 In which of the following disorders would you expect nearly equal numbers of men and women? -type anorexia nervosa Incorrect

-type anorexia nervosa Incorrect 1844 How does binge eating disorder differ from bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa? have binge eating disorder tend to be happy with the way they look. Incorrect is much less. Incorrect

1845 The currently accepted view of eating disorders is that its cause is:

1846 If a therapist thought that eating disorders were BEST explained by an interaction of sociocultural, psychological, and biological factors, that therapist would be taking a(an): -behavioral perspective. (True Answer )Correct 1847 According to Hilde Bruch, which of the following characterizes ineffective parents whose children are prone to eating disorders? ing from fear. Incorrect Incorrect ual condition of their children. Incorrect 1848 What underlies Hilde Bruch's ego deficiency view of children with eating disorders is a sense of: )Correct Incorrect ailed to anticipate and meet their needs, especially for food.

1849 What does Hilde Bruch believe ineffective parents do that puts their children at risk for eating disorders?

oo much help and assistance Incorrect 1850 Parents who feed their children when they are anxious and comfort them when they are tired rather than giving them a nap, run the risk of producing children who: )Correct

1851 People with alexithymia are NOT able to: sorder. Incorrect 1852 Compared to a person who is happy and self-confident, a person who is bored and depressed: to eat nutritional food. Incorrect

1853 Which of the following is the BEST example of alexithymia?

1854 I have this vague sense that something isn't right, but I just can't describe it, is a statement MOST likely said by someone experiencing: ct 1855 People are MOST likely to eat junk food when they are experiencing:

1856 In general, which of the following statements about feelings that trigger eating is TRUE?

Incorrect foods. Incorrect tions are less likely than negative emotions to trigger the eating of junk food. (True Answer )Correct -confident people basically don't eat junk food. Incorrect 1857 According to cognitive theorists, the underlying distortion in eating disorders is related to:

1858 If we find that many people with eating disorders also have symptoms of depression, we know that: . Incorrect 1859 Support for the idea that mood disorders set the stage for eating disorders comes from evidence that shows: hat eating disorders have been successfully treated using anti-anxiety medication. Incorrect disorders. (True Answer )Correct likely themselves to be diagnosed

with depression. Incorrect 1860 The levels of ______ are low in many people with depression and those with eating disorders.

t 1861 Compared to the general public, people with eating disorders are MORE likely to:

1862 Depression and eating disorders are correlated. What does this statement mean?

ting disorders and depression. Incorrect 1863 The concordance rate for anorexia nervosa in identical twins is 70 percent. This means that: chances developing anorexia are 70 percent Incorrect e 70 percent. (True Answer )Correct 1864 In which of the following cases are you MOST likely to develop an eating disorder? you have an identical twin with anorexia nervosa (True Answer )Correct 1865 Serotonin levels are low in those with eating disorders and in those with obsessivecompulsive disorder and depression. This means that:

1866 The part of the brain MOST closely associated with the control of eating and body weight is the:

e eating disorders. Incorrect

1867 When an experimenter stimulates a rat's lateral hypothalamus, the MOST likely result is:

1868 If you are overweight, the development of which of the following is MOST likely to appeal to you? -1 in humans Incorrect rect

1869 According to recent research, which of the following is the LEAST likely reason a person becomes obese? -1 receptors Incorrect Incorrect 1870 Which of the following is NOT true about obesity?

-1 in humans (True Answer )Correct

groups. Incorrect 1871 If you are mildly to moderately obese, you can legitimately conclude that: weight-loss goals. (True Answer )Correct -1. Incorrect 1872 Based on current research, all of the following individuals have a higher risk of dying early EXCEPT:

-weight people. (True Answer )Correct 1873 People who diet to lose weight usually: . (True Answer )Correct

1874 In order to change the high rates of obesity among U.S. children and adolescents, which of the following should be addressed?

1875 GLP-1:

ogical correlates of obesity Incorrect

1876 Which of the following is the MOST accurate biological explanation for people who gain weight after losing it? -1. Incorrect rain is trying to restore the person to a set weight point. (True Answer )Correct 1877 According to weight set point theory, the consequences of dieting below one's weight set point are: There is increased hypothalamic activity, producing a revulsion to food. Incorrect ies are consumed.

Incorrect 1878 The weight set point is:

for people of the same height. Incorrect 1879 Why does the author of your textbook describe dieters who have fallen to a weight below their set point as being engaged in a battle against themselves? have an emotional conflict between their desire to diet and their desire to eat. Incorrect Answer )Correct ve are two different things. Incorrect 1880 Based on past results, one would predict that women who win the Miss America Pageant in the future will: rrect 1881 If one found that the average weight and size of cheerleaders had declined significantly over the years, and that those who aspired to be cheerleaders had a high level of eating disorders, that would be evidence for a ______ cause of eating disorders.

1882 Which professions put one MOST at risk for an eating disorder?

1883 Which of the following is MOST at risk for an eating disorder?

-up artists Incorrect

1884 If you are an overweight female teenager with an eating disorder, you are MORE likely than your peers to do all of the following EXCEPT spend more time:

Gossip Girl. Incorrect 1885 In one study, prospective parents rated a picture of a chubby child as ______ than a less average-weight child.

1886 Research on doll choice in preschoolers shows that: (True Answer )Correct oose the thin doll and say they want to be thin themselves. Incorrect 1887 Almost two-thirds of women athletes engage in self-destructive ways of controlling their weight. Which of the following is MOST common?

ucceed Incorrect

1888

A recent study showed a positive correlation between the time spent on Facebook and the likelihood of experiencing an eating disorder among adolescent girls. This result showed that: Incorrect Incorrect -to-face interactions.

Answer )Correct 1889 Family members are overinvolved in each other's lives, but are affectionate and loyal. This description fits Salvador Minuchin's definition of an:

1890 Salvador Minuchin describes a family system in which members are overly involved in each other's affairs as a(n):

ly interdependent system. Incorrect 1891 The push for independence threatens the enmeshed family pattern when: e child takes on a sick role to allow the family to live in harmony. (True Answer )Correct 1892 Which of the following conclusions about family patterns and eating disorders is MOST supported by systematic research? evelopment of eating

disorders. Incorrect

Answer )Correct 1893 Current research on eating disorders is MOST consistent with which of the following statements? women have better body images and fewer problems with eating disorders than African American women. Incorrect

eating disorders than white American women. Incorrect can women and African American women have better body images and fewer problems with eating disorders these days than they did in the past. Incorrect approaching rates found in white American women. (True Answer )Correct 1894 If current trends concerning the body images of African American women and white American women continue, we would expect in the future that: Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 1895 Changes in body image among African American women and among women in nonWesternized cultures support the idea that ______ has/have a strong influence on body image. posure to white U.S. culture (True Answer )Correct 1896 That eating disorders are rising among nonwhite Americans to levels approaching the rates for white Americans is MOST likely due to: junk food. Incorrect

1897 A study of college men showed that they describe the ideal male as ______ and the ideal female as ______.

1898 What is the MOST likely explanation for the different explanations of eating disorders in men and women?

)Correct 1899 Which of the following would be MOST likely to lead to a diagnosis of muscle dysmorphobia?

y to be tied to work or sports. (True Answer

ely in order to lose weight and muscle mass. Incorrect continues to strive for a perfect body. (True Answer )Correct 1900 Of the following, the MOST appropriate diagnosis for a man who is strong and fit but does not see himself that way is:

. Incorrect 1901 A man with muscle dysmorphobia is MOST likely to: Incorrect Incorrect 1902 The first step in treating anorexia nervosa is to: correct maladaptive thought patterns. Incorrect 1903 The major disadvantage of using forced tube-feeding for patients with eating disorders who refuse to eat is that the patients: ay become distrustful of the therapist and uncooperative with further treatment. (True Answer )Correct -fed. Incorrect 1904 A person who was receiving the best and most current treatment for an eating disorder would receive treatment designed to: rect

weight lifting.

Answer )Correct 1905 The treatment that has been the MOST popular for restoring weight among anorexic persons is:

1906 Anorectic patients receive a gradually increasing diet over the course of several weeks, encouragement, education, and reassurance that they will not become obese. The form of therapy they are receiving is: -awareness training. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 1907 All treatments for anorexia nervosa share the long-term common goal of: Answer )Correct 1908 Lasting improvement for one with anorexia nervosa depends on: dical treatment. Incorrect

-calorie diet. (True Answer )Correct

1909 The MOST realistic statement a person with anorexia would make following cognitive treatment is:

1910 An example of a disturbed cognition that might be present in one being treated for anorexia is the statement: mind and others shouldn't turn away. Incorrect 1911

An anorectic patient who says, I know that a key feature of anorexia nervosa is a misperception of my own size, so I can expect to feel fat regardless of my actual size, has most likely received which of the following? -behavioral therapy (True Answer )Correct 1912 Research on the aftermath of anorexia nervosa shows that: fail to regain menstruation. Incorrect 1913 Which of the following is TRUE about recovery from anorexia? )Correct tic behavior recurs in about one-third of recovered patients. (True Answer

employees. Incorrect appearance. Incorrect 1914 What is a likely long-term consequence of anorexia?

nd

correct 1915 For which of the following individuals is recovery from anorexia MOST likely? ho also has sex problems Incorrect 1916 All the treatment methods for bulimia nervosa share the immediate goal of: -perceptions. Incorrect ng causes of the bulimic patterns. Incorrect -purge patterns. (True Answer )Correct 1917 The use of a food diary to keep track of eating behavior in the treatment of bulimic patients is MOST likely to be used by a therapist from the:

ect 1918 Tanya is a behavioral therapist who exposes bulimic patients to situations that usually cause binge episodes and then prevents them from binge eating. The technique that she is using is called: -restriction. Incorrect 1919 A therapist who sat with the bulimic patient while the patient ate appropriate quantities of forbidden foods, and then stayed until the patient no longer had the urge to purge would be practicing: -oriented therapy. Incorrect 1920 One of the therapy methods commonly used to treat bulimia nervosa is:

1921 The medication MOST helpful in the treatment of bulimia is an:

1922 Relapse for both bulimia and anorexia is MOST likely triggered by:

1923 Relapses of bulimia are MOST likely to occur following: s. (True Answer )Correct 1924 A factor increasing the likelihood of a relapse of bulimia is: ct

1925 One difference between the eating disorders and other disorders is: True Answer )Correct

1567 Describe the four (4) kinds of people who end their lives, according to Edwin Shneidman. Also, include an example of how each kind of person may carry out his or her suicide. 1568 You are responsible for conducting a retrospective analysis of someone who has committed suicide. Describe the method you would use and the types of information you would try to gather. What are some limitations of this type of analysis? 1569 You are asked to discuss the risks of suicide with a group of resident assistants on a college campus. Discuss the five MOST important points about suicide risk that you would want to make with them? 1570 Many suicide attempts are preceded by a change in mood. Explain two (2) changes in mood that help explain shifts in patterns of thinking. 1571 Suicide appears to run in families. Why might this be the case? Be sure to discuss biological, psychological, and sociocultural explanations. 1572 Describe the characteristics of children who are at risk for suicide. Include the statistics related to children and suicide and gender differences. 1573 Discuss three factors that make adolescents particularly at risk for suicide. Also, discuss teen suicide attempts versus teen completed suicides. 1574 Many factors contribute to the high suicide rate among the elderly. Discuss the following factors: the overall factors that contribute to suicide and the elderly, suicide among elderly Native Americans, and suicide among elderly African Americans. 1575

You were asked to judge a debate on the right to commit suicide. What are the three (3) MOST important points you would like for the debaters to make on both sides of this question (pro and con)? 1576 The Los Angeles Suicide Prevention Center has five goals for handling each call they receive on their suicide hotline. List these goals and then provide a response a counselor might make that would help achieve each goal. 1577 According to Shneidman, people who have a clear intention of ending their lives at the time they attempt suicide, and who are sufficiently clear-minded and committed to performing the act, are called ______. seekers (True Answer ) 1578 According to Shneidman, people who clearly intend to end their lives, but act out of a conviction that the process is already under way and that they are simply hastening the process, are called ______. (True Answer ) 1579 According to Shneidman, people who believe that their self-inflicted deaths will not mean the end of their existence are called ______. 1580 A person who commits suicide but shows ambivalence in the act would be classified as a ______ according to Shneidman. 1581 According to Shneidman, individuals who play an indirect, covert, partial, or unconscious role in their own deaths may belong to the category called ______. 1582 The piecing together of data from people's pasts to understand their suicides is termed ______. 1583 The aspect of religion that is most highly related to suicide is ______. 1584

When people feel that their present circumstances, problems, and negative moods will not change, and this pessimistic belief contributes to suicide, the belief is called a sense of ______. e Answer ) 1585 Cognitive theorists believe that suicide may be linked to ______, in which people develop a pattern of viewing their problems and solutions in either/or terms. 1586 There is evidence that the likelihood of suicide goes up when a celebrity commits suicide, the media focus on a particular case of suicide, or a co-worker, friend, or family member commits suicide. This form of suicide is often called ______. 1587 According to the ______ view, suicide usually results from a state of depression and a process of self-directed anger. 1588 Dr. Alberto focuses on social relationships and connections with other people in understanding the suicide of an individual. Dr. Alberto seems to accept a ______ position. 1589 Durkheim defined ______ suicides as those committed by people who are not concerned with the norms or rules of society and who are not integrated into the social fabric. 1590 Darlene starves to death because she gives her meager amount of food to her little sister. Durkheim would classify Darlene as an ______ suicide. 1591 According to Durkheim, a person who commits suicide because his or her social environment fails to provide stable structures to support and give meaning to life has committed ______ suicide. 1592

Recent research on biological factors in suicide has linked it to low levels of the neurotransmitter ______ in the brain. 1593 The mediating factor between serotonin deficiency and suicide is thought to be ______ tendencies, which have been linked to low levels of serotonin, rather than to depression. 1594 The age group most at risk for committing suicide in the United States is ______. -aged adults (True Answer ) 1595 Over the past several decades, the suicide rate for children in the United States has been ______. 1596 Should drug companies put a warning about suicide risk on packaging for antidepressant drugs? Those who try to answer this highly debatable question are dealing with what is called a(n) ______. 1597 During the past 50 years the emphasis has shifted from suicide treatment to ______ 1598 Suicide prevention programs and hotlines respond to suicidal people who are under stress, and unable to cope, and to help them to see their situation more accurately. This type of program offers ______. 1599 About how many suicides are committed annually in the United States?

1600 About how many deaths occur by suicide each year around the world?

1601 About how many suicides are attempted annually in the United States?

Answer )Correct

1602 Compared to heart disease and cancer, suicide accounts for _____ in the United States.

1603 Estimates of the number of suicides that occur in the United States probably underrepresent the total because of all of the following EXCEPT: accident. Incorrect Incorrect iated with it.

1604 Why do many people think that estimates of the rates of suicide are inaccurate?

Answer )Correct Suicide is not a DSM-5 category. Incorrect 1605 What is a parasuicide?

sfully committed suicide after many tries Incorrect 1606 It is common that the majority of people who commit suicidal acts also have another psychological disorder. Which would be the MOST common disorder associated with suicidal attempts? rs Incorrect

1607 In his definition of suicide, Edwin Schneidman includes all of the following factors EXCEPT that it:

conscious effort. Incorrect -inflicted. Incorrect 1608 Sylvia shot herself by placing the gun barrel in her mouth, in the middle of a dense wood, where she knew she wouldn't be heard or found. Sylvia is an example of what Edwin Shneidman refers to as a:

1609 The critical way in which the death seeker differs from the death darer, according to Edwin Shneidman, is: tend to end their lives with their action. (True Answer )Correct 1610 Ambivalent about dying, Jay repeatedly played a dangerous game involving gas and a cigarette lighter. Jay is an example of what Edwin Shneidman refers to as a:

1611 Cecil and Jeanne, teenagers, made a love pact, jumping from a cliff in order to be with each other for eternity. Cecil and Jeanne are examples of what Edwin Shneidman refers to as:

1612 According to Edwin Shneidman, people who commit suicide with clarity and commitment, yet who believe that they are simply facilitating a process that is already under way, are called:

True Answer )Correct 1613 Ernest Hemingway was a physically strong, proud man who developed great concerns about his failing body. Depressed about his progressive illness, he intentionally ended his life. Edwin Shneidman would term Hemingway a:

er. Incorrect

1614 What is the critical way in which death initiators differ from other categories, according to Edwin Shneidman? Incorrect

)Correct 1615 According to Edwin Shneidman, how do death ignorers primarily differ from other categories?

believe they are merely speeding up an ongoing process. Incorrect 1616 Miguel lost all of his family when his village was bombed. He throws himself off a cliff to die, in order to be reunited with them. Edwin Shneidman would classify Miguel as a: darer. Incorrect

1617 According to Edwin Shneidman, people who are ambivalent about their intent to die and whose actions leading to death do not guarantee death (e.g., swimming in sharkinfested waters) are called:

1618 According to Edwin Shneidman, how do death darers primarily differ from those in other categories?

speeding up an ongoing process. Incorrect 1619 Knowing she was terminally ill, Bonnie swallowed a handful of barbiturates in order to save herself and her family from the final painful months of life. Bonnie is an example of what Edwin Shneidman refers to as a:

1620 In some religious traditions, people whip themselves or force themselves into uncomfortable physical positions as forms of repenting for their own or others' sins. These self-injurious behaviors MOST closely fit which of Edwin Shneidman's categories?

1621 A teenager's hands and arms are covered with self-inflicted burns, and the teenager seems almost addicted to this destructive behavior. The self-inflicted burns would MOST likely be classified as: -injury, a variety of Edwin Shneidman's subintentional death classification. (True Answer )Correct -injury, which is not a variety of Edwin Shneidman's subintentional death classification. Incorrect 's death seeker classification. Incorrect 1622 The behavior of those who engage in self-injurious behavior such as cutting: epresent an unconscious attempt at suicide. (True Answer )Correct 1623 Retrospective analysis of suicide typically would include: interviews with people who know the person who attempted suicide. Incorrect Answer )Correct suicide, and who might attempt copycat suicides. Incorrect 1624 Retrospective analysis involves: Incorrect

people who survive suicide attempts. Incorrect

1625 Which of the following is the BEST example of retrospective analysis?

they think is the motivation for suicide. Incorrect information on suicide. (True Answer )Correct center. Incorrect

s in order to study what

h a suicide prevention

Incorrect 1626 At the time of the suicide, a suicide victim was receiving psychotherapy and had left a clear suicide note. This suicide victim is: a suicide note. Incorrect do not leave a suicide note. Incorrect mmon kind; about half of suicide victims have never received psychotherapy, but they do leave a suicide note. Incorrect psychotherapy, and they do not leave a suicide note. (True Answer )Correct 1627 One of the factors that is believed to account for differences in the suicide rates of different countries is:

governmental regulations regarding suicide. Incorrect 1628 Which of the following aspects of religion is MOST closely linked to suicide?

1629 Which of the following statements MOST accurately the relationship between religion and suicide? major religion. Incorrect one's specific religion. (True Answer )Correct also have high suicide rates. Incorrect men, especially in Catholic countries. Incorrect 1630 Who of the following individuals has two positive risk factors for suicide? dictor of suicide than

1631 Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding gender and suicide? en. (True Answer

)Correct

1632 What is the cause of death in the majority of male suicides in the United States? t 1633 Which of the following would be the MOST surprising example of suicide because it does not fit into the pattern that current research results have identified? Answer )Correct

1634 Which of the following statements regarding suicide is TRUE? s have the highest suicide rate of any racial group in the United States. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect Incorrect

are single.

1635 According to current estimates, the suicide rate is highest in the United States among: -Americans. Incorrect . (True Answer )Correct 1636 If you wanted to tailor a suicide prevention program to the racial group MOST at risk, of the following, you should target: ans. (True Answer )Correct

1637 Assume that a community is made up of almost exactly equal numbers of these four groups: African Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanic Americans, and white Americans, and that everyone is of the same socioeconomic status. Approximately what percent of suicides would you expect to be committed by white Americans? well below the rates for the other groups Incorrect about the same as the rates for the other groups Incorrect about double the rates for the other groups (True Answer )Correct almost four times the rates for the other groups Incorrect 1638 In a community made up of equal numbers of African Americans, Asian Americans, and Hispanic Americans, all of about the same socioeconomic status, someone has just committed suicide. MOST likely that person is:

, Asian American, or Hispanic American. (True Answer )Correct 1639 How likely are women to use a gun to commit suicide?

1640 Which of the following does NOT make one at higher risk for suicide? correct

1641 Commonly observed triggers for suicide include all of the following EXCEPT:

1642 Which of the following is TRUE regarding war veterans' risk of suicide once they return home? Answer )Correct Incorrect suicide than similar nonveterans.

Incorrect 1643 All of the following are examples of immediate stress EXCEPT: natural disaster. Incorrect 1644 Immediate stressors particularly common among those who attempt suicide include all the following EXCEPT: vorce. Incorrect 1645 Long-term stressors particularly common among those who attempt suicide include all the following EXCEPT:

1646 Which of the following people would be at MOST risk of suicide? Answer )Correct school Incorrect ped from an abusive environment and is enrolled in

1647 Which of the following occupations has a particularly high rate of suicide? -car salespeople Incorrect

1648 Which of the following BEST represents the concept of psychache? career Incorrect

1649 A person who sees life in right or wrong, all or none terms is engaging in:

1650 The mood and thoughts of suicidal people are MOST often characterized as: ct

1651 If you were assessing a person for suicide potential, which of the following is MOST critical to notice since it is likely related to suicide risk?

1652 An increase in which emotion is MOST often linked to suicide? Incorrect 1653 Which of the following is the BEST example of dichotomous thinking? Incorrect Incorrect 1654 A friend of yours wants certain heavy metal songs banned because, your friend says, listening to them will encourage suicidal tendencies. Your BEST reply, based on research, would be: liable. Incorrect musicians liable. Incorrect found musicians liable. (True Answer )Correct 1655 Based on the available research, we can conclude that: are usually listening to particular kinds of music when they commit suicide. Incorrect rts have not found musicians ne. Incorrect

(True Answer )Correct 1656 The current rating system for CD and music download lyrics was instituted: and suicide attempts. Incorrect and suicide attempts. Incorrect y at about the same time people became concerned about links between listening to music and suicide attempts. Incorrect suicide attempts. (True Answer )Correct 1657 About what percentage of people who commit suicide use alcohol just prior to the act?

1658 Of people who use alcohol just prior to committing suicide, what percentage are actually intoxicated?

1659 Which is TRUE about alcohol use and suicide? t. Incorrect -fourth of people who commit suicide are legally drunk. Incorrect 1660 Which one of the following is the MOST likely reason for the relationship between alcohol use and suicide? Incorrect impairs judgment. (True Answer )Correct 1661 Which mental disorders have been found to contribute to the greatest number of suicides? orders Incorrect

1662 Who of the following is MOST at risk for suicide? Answer )Correct 1663 Of the following alternatives, the LEAST common predictor of suicide is:

1664 Although all of the following mental disorders are of concern for increased suicide risk, the LEAST likely to be linked to suicide is: rect

1665 Why is there such a strong connection between alcohol abuse and suicide risk? asks a friend of yours. Based on the best available research, you reply,

around. Incorrect lly, the connection is weak, at best. Incorrect 1666 A clinically depressed individual who has been threatening suicide finally shows diminishing of depressive symptoms. This person's risk of committing suicide: who is depressed commits suicide until she or he is recovering. Incorrect impulse. (True Answer )Correct once recovery from depression is under way. Incorrect 1667 Research indicates that suicides by people with schizophrenia are in response to: selves. Incorrect

1668 Which of the following is TRUE?

)Correct

not any more stressful than non-combat military service. (True Answer

suicide. Incorrect 1669 When a rash of suicides occurs in the aftermath of a celebrity's suicide or a case that has been highly publicized by the media, behavioral theorists believe it is attributable to: deux Incorrect 1670 Assume that a recent local suicide attempt was clearly a case of modeling. The person who would MOST likely model another's suicide would be a(n): in his or her 30s. Incorrect 1671 How can we reduce suicide risk for our kids? asks the high school counselor, the day after one of the school's star athletes commits suicide. Your BEST answer, based on research, is: Incorrect loss. Incorrect odeling works best. Incorrect 1672 As a political protest, two activists leap from a bridge in a highly publicized double suicide. Those MOST at risk for modeling these suicides are: the opposite political point of view. Incorrect other. Incorrect 1673 Media coverage that included the Don't do it message, phone numbers for suicide prevention centers, and interviews with suicide experts, occurred after the suicide of:

1674 All of the following would contribute to the social contagion effect EXCEPT:

1675 Which of the following is the BEST example of the social contagion effect? committing suicide is greater. (True Answer )Correct hers in the family. Incorrect person. Incorrect -long impact on a

close family member. Incorrect 1676 Suicides that are carried out in bizarre ways for political reasons are MOST likely to trigger: Answer )Correct Incorrect ferent manner.

the act. Incorrect 1677 If a student at your school commits suicide, the staff might offer counseling sessions for the other students. If so, the staff is engaging in:

1678 How can we reduce suicide risk for our kids?, asks the high school counselor, the day after one of the school's star athletes commits suicide. Your BEST answer, based on research, is: Incorrect loss. Incorrect 1679 The leading theories designed to explain suicide: students carefully.

nificant body of research. Incorrect

1680 The explanation of suicide as due to loss of loved ones and self-directed aggression is consistent with which theoretical perspective?

1681 Research supporting a Freudian view of suicide has shown that later suicidal behavior is related to: e Answer )Correct 1682 You must redirect your Thanatos, is a remark MOST likely made by a therapist with what theoretical point of view? ynamic (True Answer )Correct -behavioral Incorrect

1683 If the psychodynamic explanation for suicide is correct, then suicide rates should: Answer )Correct 1684 The fact that very angry people are not significantly more suicidal than other people argues MOST strongly against which explanation for suicide?

1685 Emile Durkheim's theory of suicide fits into the: biological model. Incorrect 1686

According to Emile Durkheim, suicides by people over whom society has little or no control and who are not concerned with the norms and rules of society are called:

1687 A society that loses its basic family and religious core values, experiences large-scale immigration of people with very different values, and fails to provide meaning for the life of its people is in danger of an increase in what Durkheim calls:

intragroup suicide. Incorrect 1688 A society that honors those who kill themselves to defend their families or country, or because of a value they hold dear, would have a higher rate of what Durkheim calls: de. (True Answer )Correct 1689 Juan is an atheist, does what he wants, and is alienated from others. He feels life isn't worth living and kills himself. According to Emile Durkheim, he would be classified as an:

1690 According to Emile Durkheim, suicides by people who give up their lives so another person they love may live would be classified as:

1691 Carlos died by intentionally stepping in front of a bullet that was intended for another young man, for whom Carlos, as head of a platoon of soldiers in the Persian Gulf War, was responsible. Emile Durkheim would call this an example of:

ic suicide. (True Answer )Correct 1692

Altruistic suicide is MOST likely to occur in a country that: ect 1693 A young man whose father and uncle committed suicide at about his age also commits suicide. Which explanation of suicide MOST easily explains the young man's suicide?

1694 Biological researchers have found a link between suicide and: n. (True Answer )Correct -hydroxyindoleactic acid. Incorrect 1695 The strongest direct support for a biological explanation for suicide comes from:

1696 If a biological explanation for suicide is valid, then doing which of the following ought to lower the possibility of a person attempting suicide? with a suicidal adoptive parent Incorrect -splicing to remove the suicide gene Incorrect 1697 Biological researchers have found a link between suicide and: orrect -hydroxyindoleactic acid. Incorrect 1698 In research on the relationship between serotonin and suicide, serotonin seems MOST related to:

1699

Of the following individuals, the one MOST likely to commit suicide would be a: -year-old with high serotonin activity. Incorrect -year-old with low serotonin activity. Incorrect -year-old with high serotonin activity. Incorrect -year-old with low serotonin activity. (True Answer )Correct 1700 Which statement BEST reflects the relationship between serotonin and suicide? levels of serotonin are related to high levels of aggression and impulsivity. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect reasing the likelihood of their committing suicide. Incorrect likely. Incorrect 1701 Based on the evidence about suicide rates, which of the following intervention strategies should prevent the MOST suicides? -aged adultsthey have a fairly high suicide rate, and it is rising relatively rapidly (True Answer )Correct they have a relatively low suicide rate, but it is rising extremely rapidly Incorrect they make far more suicide attempts than other age groups, although they have a low suicide rate Incorrect they have the highest suicide attempt and suicide completion rates of any age group Incorrect 1702 The age group LEAST likely to commit suicide in the United States is:

1703 You are asked to speak before a local elementary school's Parent Teacher Association (PTA) about suicide attempts by the very young. You should be sure to mention that suicide attempts by the very young often occur when they have: nterest in death in general. Incorrect

1704 The typical child who commits suicide is a: hat death really is. (True Answer )Correct

1705 Which of the following would you be MOST surprised to learn had committed suicide because his or her action is inconsistent with research results of studies of child suicide? family stressloss of a loved one, parental unemployment, abuse. Incorrect 1706 Adolescent suicides differ from suicides at other age levels in all of the following ways EXCEPT that: Incorrect Incorrect ediate stress, especially at school.

1707 Which of the following represents the greatest risk of death to teenagers; in order from least concern to most concern? overdose, cancer, suicide Incorrect

1708 Teenagers are different from people older than them who commit suicide because teenagers are: -solving skills. (True Answer )Correct 1709 The finding that more than 90 percent of adolescents who attempt suicide know someone who has attempted suicide provides a case for what process in suicidal actions?

maladaptive thinking Incorrect 1710 Among teenagers who attempt suicide: Incorrect

1 percent succeed the first time, and about half will try again. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect 1711 A U.S. teenager has just attempted suicide. MOST likely, the teenager has:

1712 Which of the following BEST supports the idea that teenagers who attempt suicide are more uncertain about killing themselves than elderly people are? Incorrect )Correct suicide only in about 1 in 200 attempts. (True Answer -suicide websites. Incorrect

Incorrect 1713 All of the following have been linked to increased suicide risk among teenagers, EXCEPT: -suicide sites on the Internet. (True Answer )Correct 1714 Which of the following is TRUE? nagers. Incorrect American boys. Incorrect )Correct 1715 A developing body of research shows that antidepressant use in children and adolescents: (True Answer )Correct Incorrect 1716 uals, but increases the overall suicide risk.

Research prompted by the black box controversy about using second-generation antidepressants with younger patients shows that taking second-generation antidepressants: more likely to commit suicide. (True Answer )Correct icide rates overall, although some individuals are less likely to commit suicide. Incorrect 1717 Over the past couple of decades, the correlation between number of antidepressant prescriptions and younger patient suicide rates has been: younger patient suicide rate. Incorrect patient suicide rate decreases. (True Answer )Correct ions increases, the younger -first century). Incorrect

1718 Cluster suicides may involve high suicide rates among those: -suicide sites on the Internet. Incorrect

-stress occasions, such as funerals or court trials. Incorrect -American reservations. (True Answer )Correct 1719 For teenagers, the highest suicide rates are found among:

1720 The age group MOST likely to commit suicide in the United States is:

Hispanic Americans. Incorrect

1721 The percentage of successful suicide attempts among the elderly is about: Incorrect Incorrect adolescents. Incorrect adolescents. (True Answer )Correct successful suicide attempts among

1722 Today, the elderly make up about 12 percent of the population of the United States. The percentage of suicides committed by the elderly in the United States is: nt, a rate about the same as most other age groups.

Incorrect

)Correct 1723 A couple has been married for almost 50 years, then one of them dies. The probability that the surviving spouse will commit suicide: Incorrect f the couple had been having marital difficulties. Incorrect 1724 All of the following factors contribute to the high suicide rate among the elderly EXCEPT: loss of status Incorrect 1725 The spouse of an elderly individual in the United States has recently died; the individual was experiencing clinical depression before the spouse's death. The suicide risk for this individual is: death of a spouse, but not depression, is related to an elevated suicide risk. Incorrect both death of a spouse and depression are related to an elevated suicide risk. (True Answer )Correct ely highdepression, but not death of a spouse, is related to an elevated suicide risk. Incorrect suicide risk among the elderly is largely independent of these factors. Incorrect 1726 Why might the suicide rate among elderly Native Americans be low?

1727

In 1997, Oregon passed the Death with Dignity Act, which allows doctor-assisted suicide for persons with terminal illnesses. Since 1997, on average, how many Oregonians with terminal illness have ended their lives each year? ew hundred Incorrect 1728 A friend of yours says, Yes, I support the right of people to commit suicide, especially if they are in a lot of pain, or don't have long to live. In the United States, your friend's opinion is: uncommon; over 75 percent of all Americans oppose the right to commit suicide under any circumstances. Incorrect commit suicide under any circumstances. Incorrect two-thirds of all Americans support the right to commit suicide under those circumstances. (True Answer )Correct under those circumstances. Incorrect 1729 Some believe that allowing terminally ill elderly people to legally commit suicide will lead to a perceived duty to die, involving: )Correct process. Incorrect certain conditions. Incorrect 1730 What works best to keep suicidal people from following through? asks a friend. Which of the following would be the correct answer to this question? orrect -behavioral therapy. (True Answer )Correct 1731 Treatment for suicide attempters: e Answer )Correct 1732 Suicide prevention programs: ns. (True Answer )Correct creasingly involved in the suicide

rooms and clinics. Incorrect 1733 Suicide prevention centers: model, using suicide survivors. Incorrect )Correct 1734 At a suicide prevention center, you hear the following from the counselor. Hello. I am interested in you as a person and am going to stay on the phone with you as long as you want, all night maybe. Which goals and techniques of suicide prevention does this statement represent?

1735 At a suicide prevention center, you hear the following from the counselor. Can you tell me what you think are the most important factors that are making you feel hopeless right now? If you could change three things about your life, what would they be? Which of the goals and techniques of suicide prevention do these questions BEST represent?

1736 At a suicide prevention center, you hear the following from the counselor. Do you have a gun? Is it loaded and do you know how to use it? Which one of the goals and techniques of suicide prevention do these questions BEST represent? (True Answer )Correct

1737 At a suicide prevention center, you hear the following from the counselor. Have you ever tried to commit suicide in the past? [If yes] How did you try to do it? Which one of the goals and techniques of suicide prevention do these questions BEST represent? ue Answer )Correct

1738 When answering the telephone of a suicide hot line, the first step for the counselor is to: establish a positive relationship. (True Answer )Correct 1739 At a suicide prevention center, you hear the following from the counselor. Who can you think of who might be able to come over and stay with you for a few hours? Which of the goals and techniques of suicide prevention does the quote best represent? blishing a positive relationship Incorrect 1740 At a suicide prevention center, you hear the following from the counselor. Will you promise me that you will call again if you ever feel like killing yourself again? Which one of the goals and techniques of suicide prevention does this question BEST represent? orrect 1741 When talking with a potentially suicidal individual on a suicide hot line, the final step for the counselor is to: tionship. Incorrect 1742 Reports indicate that if someone is a member of an online community and threatens to commit suicide online, the other members of the online community will: attempt. Incorrect through with the suicide. Incorrect on threatening suicide, directing the online chat to other topics. Incorrect and contacting 911 services. (True Answer )Correct 1743 A typical caller to an urban suicide prevention center is:

1744 One study showed that about what percentage of high-risk suicidal people who contact a suicide crisis hot line later commit suicide?

1745 Which statement about the successes of suicide prevention programs is most accurate? Incorrect similar risk group. (True Answer )Correct er in communities that have centers. Incorrect 1746 Suicide education programs typically focus on: ontacted by suicidal people. Incorrect 1747 The MOST well-developed understanding of the causes of suicide come from the: analytic model. Incorrect 1748 The MOST helpful explanation for suicide, particularly regarding the general background factors and triggers of suicides, come from the: ic model. Incorrect -risk people who call hot lines. Incorrect

1402 Write a one-paragraph treatment summary that reflects the psychodynamic understanding of depression. Be sure to include common causation factors, treatment techniques, and evidence of improvement. 1403

List and provide examples of the three parts of Peter Lewinsohn's behavior therapy for depression. 1404 Identify the parts of the cognitive triad and provide an example of each part. 1405 During therapy, a high school girl says to her therapist, I can't stand that I don't have a date for the prom. Write a half-page dialogue between the girl and the therapist that illustrates cognitive principles of therapy. In parentheses, indicate what cognitive principles the therapist's statements reflect. 1406 Discuss the four-phase treatment approach that is used in cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating depression. 1407 Interpersonal therapists believe that any of four interpersonal problem areas can lead to depression and must be addressed in therapy. Briefly describe each of these areas and provide an example of each. 1408 Discuss the history of the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). What observation led to its development as a treatment? How has its use evolved over the years? 1409 Suppose you were going to give a presentation on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). What are the four (4) most important points you would make to a group of people considering approving the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for one of their family members? 1410 The physician of one of your friends has prescribed a tricyclic to treat her depression, but your friend is hesitating to take the medication. How would you help her make this decision? That is, what are the advantages and disadvantages of using tricyclics? When are they MOST effective? 1411 One of the difficulties with the use of lithium to treat bipolar disorder is that patients often stop taking the medication. Discuss three (3) reasons a person who is experiencing bipolar disorder would stop taking this highly effective medication, and what a therapist might do to improve treatment compliance. 1412 Discuss the scientifically valid conclusions about the MOST effective treatments for depression.

1413 According to psychoanalytic theory, depression is in part caused by the patient's _____ on others. 1414 An example of a basic psychodynamic procedure is ______. ion or resistance or transference (True Answer ) 1415 Determining what a patient truly likes to do is part of a therapy for depression based on ______ principles. 1416 The therapeutic term for ignoring depressive behavior while reinforcing nondepressive behaviors is ______. 1417 Aaron Beck has argued that a person suffering from unipolar depression must correct a group of cognitive errors, generally known as _______. tive triad (True Answer ) 1418 Margarette is not getting what she expected out of her new marriage. Her husband is demanding but often absent. This situation is leading to depression for her. This is what interpersonal psychotherapists call a(n) ______. 1419 One concern about the use of ECT is that it may lead to problems with ______. 1420 Another name for dietary supplements taken as drugs is ______. 1421 ECT causes a(n) ______ that activates many brain areas and releases neurotransmitters. 1422

The type of antidepressant drug that works by interfering with the enzyme that normally destroys norepinephrine is a(n) ______. 1423 People being treated for depression with MAO inhibitors should avoid foods containing ______. 1424 The antidepressant drugs that apparently work by stopping the breakdown of norepinephrine, and that may require the taker to change eating habits, are called ______ 1425 Matthew is taking imipramine. He is probably being treated for ______. ession (True Answer ) 1426 The drug imipramine is a(n) ______. 1427 Desyrel, Prozac, Marplan, Nardil, and Parnate are all trade names of drugs that reduce ______. 1428 Amoxapine, fluoxetine, clomipramine, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine are all generic names of drugs that reduce ______. 1429 Antidepressant drugs that reduce depression by acting on neurotransmitter reuptake mechanisms are called ______. 1430 Antidepressant drugs that target only one neurotransmitter are called ______. -generation antidepressants (True Answer ) 1431 SSRI's increase ______ activity in the synapse. nin (True Answer )

1432 Antidepressant drugs that target only one neurotransmitter are called ______. -generation antidepressants (True Answer ) 1433 A person taking antidepressant medication reports a dramatic decrease in sex drive, and is gaining weight. MOST likely, that person is taking one of a group of drugs called ______. -generation antidepressants, SSRIs (True Answer ) 1434 Sending a stimulating current through a patient's prefrontal cortex, which substantially reduces the patient's symptoms of depression, is called ______. 1435 The MOST effective drug for the treatment of bipolar disorders is ______. 1436 Bipolar disorders respond better to a combination of lithium treatment and psychotherapy than to either therapy alone. The psychotherapy component of this combination is called ______. 1437 About what percentage of clients with unipolar depression receive treatment from a mental health professional each year?

1438 A therapist using free association and dream interpretation discovers that as a small child her patient had been left alone by her mother on several occasions, and concludes that the patient is experiencing unipolar depression. The therapist is MOST likely from which orientation? ic (True Answer )Correct 1439 Which of the following is an example of an aspect of psychodynamic therapy for depression? (True Answer )Correct

smiles. Incorrect activities, including those that give her pleasure. Incorrect 1440 Which of the following statements about psychodynamic therapy in treating unipolar depression is MOST accurate? -participant studies validate the success of this therapy. Incorrect -term therapy is only occasionally helpful to those with unipolar depression. (True Answer )Correct -term therapy is less effective than long-term therapy. Incorrect 1441 If a therapist asked you to say whatever came to mind, then suggested interpretations designed to help you work through grief over real or imagined losses, your therapist would be using: hodynamic therapy. (True Answer )Correct

1442 What do psychodynamic therapists believe is the cause of unipolar depression? uacy Incorrect

1443 The best evidence for the effectiveness of the psychodynamic approach comes from: -scale research projects conducted by the APA. Incorrect Incorrect

1444 Free association, interpretation of associations, and dream interpretation are all techniques used primarily by:

ts. (True Answer )Correct 1445 Among the reasons cited for so many college students experiencing emotional problems are all of the following EXCEPT: petitive admissions process. Incorrect

college. Incorrect 1446 If your therapist tried to reintroduce you to pleasurable activities, reinforced nondepressive actions, and improved your social skills, your therapist would be using:

rapy. Incorrect 1447 Increasing pleasant activities is MOST likely to be a part of a _______ therapy program.

1448 Which of the following is important in using contingency management effectively? can learn to tell the difference. Incorrect activities. (True Answer )Correct positive and which are negative. Incorrect writing. Incorrect 1449 Behavioral therapy for the treatment of unipolar depression may include:

1450 A behavioral therapist is MOST likely to use which of the following in treating a patient with unipolar depression? the underlying problem Incorrect 1451 Which of the following is the BEST example of the therapy technique known as behavioral activation? e behavior Incorrect

er )Correct

1452 Behaviorists would be MOST likely to say that depressed people must improve their social skills because: ressed people may be experiencing interpersonal role transition. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 1453 A therapist turns on a buzzer when a client speaks slowly and laboriously. She turns it off when the client speaks more rapidly. In other cases the therapist instructs the client's spouse to ignore his mate when she complains or acts in a self-deprecating manner. This is an example of: behavioral therapy. (True Answer )Correct 1454 Arron's persistent feelings of sadness and impending doom dominate his life. Every time he says anything even a little positive to his therapist, the therapist smiles. Otherwise the therapist has a stone face. This therapist is probably using some variation of:

rapy. Incorrect 1455 The contingency management approach is an example of the application of ______ to the treatment of depression.

ect 1456 Which one of the following is MOST consistent with a contingency management approach? activities (True Answer )Correct 1457 Focusing on the addition of positive activities to a depressed patient's life is a behavioral technique known as:

l contingency management. Incorrect

1458 Current research regarding the effectiveness of behavioral therapy for depression is MOST consistent with which of the following statements? Incorrect them. Incorrect bination of behavioral techniques works better than using just one. (True Answer )Correct therapy. Incorrect 1459 Jos is depressed. His therapist told him that reading a book each month would help. He should also visit friends, go bowling, do the laundry, mow the lawn, and eat meals with his wife. In short, he should increase his positive activity. His therapist MOST likely reflects the ______ orientation. Answer )Correct

1460 What kind of unipolar depression is behavioral treatment MOST effective in treating? ression of gradual onset Incorrect 1461 A therapist treating a patient for depression first finds out what activities the client once found pleasurable. These activities are then reintroduced into the patient's daily schedule. Which type of therapy is this therapist using?

1462 Which of the following is a correct match of person and approach?

1463 If your therapist concentrated on helping you recognize and change negative thoughts and thus improve your mood, your therapist would be using:

1464 A person experiencing unipolar depression writes the following in an activity schedule, Go to store; doctor's appointment; visit museum; read novel; clean room. What treatment approach is this person MOST likely receiving? nitive therapy (True Answer )Correct 1465 The increasing activities and elevating mood phase of Beck's treatment for depression: ive. Incorrect Answer )Correct -behavioral rather than purely cognitive. (True

1466 A depressed individual receiving therapy is told that many, even most of the negative thoughts that an individual experiences and records, have no basis in fact. MOST likely, the therapist is: ct 1467 Which of the following is NOT a part of Beck's cognitive therapy for unipolar depression? e active and confident Incorrect )Correct 1468 Which of the following would a cognitive therapist be LEAST likely to say to you? you in black and white terms. (True Answer )Correct

1469 I do not know why you think you are a terrible surgeon. You have not lost a patient during an operation in two years. No one else in the city has that kind of record. Which of the following orientations is MOST likely to describe the therapist who made this statement?

1470 Clients who tend to see everything that occurs as either all right or all wrong, with nothing in between, need to focus on which phase of Beck's treatment for depression? rect 1471 Clients who test their assumptions about what is causing their depression are working in which phase of Beck's treatment program? rimary attitudes (True Answer )Correct

1472 Which one of the following statements is MOST consistent with the use of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for depression? them entirely. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect depression.

1473 Which of the following is true about the research on the effectiveness of cognitive therapy in treating unipolar depression?

Answer )Correct 1474 Which of the following is TRUE about research on the effectiveness of cognitive therapy for treating unipolar depression? ffectiveness. (True Answer )Correct

Incorrect Incorrect 1475 Many of today's cognitive-behavioral therapists would agree that: Incorrect )Correct change.

Answer

1476 Which of the following is NOT a goal of the cultural-sensitive therapy movement? Answer )Correct minority client Incorrect Incorrect 1477 If you are a minority, you are: sensitive focus. Incorrect 1478 Which of the following is the BEST example of interpersonal role transition? apists Incorrect -views of the

1479 Why is interpersonal psychotherapy considered to be a sociocultural approach? interactions and role expectations. (True Answer )Correct rather than in the clinic. Incorrect team. Incorrect 1480 ated within the family and in the real world

If your therapist encouraged you to explore your roles in life and how they might be changing, or how your expectations might be different from someone else's, your therapist would be using:

Incorrect 1481 A woman who is in conflict with her husband over whether she should have a career or stay at home full-time to care for their children is experiencing: erpersonal role transition. Incorrect 1482 A person who displays extreme shyness and insensitivity to others is showing signs of: role transition. Incorrect 1483 Which interpersonal problem area identified by interpersonal psychotherapists is MOST like the cause of depression suggested by psychoanalysis? r )Correct

1484 Interpersonal psychotherapists believe that therapy must address: -superego conflicts. Incorrect 1485 Tomas has withdrawn from most social contacts because he never seems to be able to say the right thing. He just doesn't seem to fit in. His comments are always misinterpreted. He feels alone and is depressed. This is an example of what interpersonal psychotherapists refer to as an: nterpersonal deficit. (True Answer )Correct 1486 Tony just does not feel close to anyone. He feels alone because although he can get to know someone (a woman) quite well on a friendship level, he doesn't know how

to get beyond that to a more intimate level. This is depressing him. This is an example of what interpersonal psychotherapists refer to as an: )Correct 1487 Which of the following is TRUE about the research on the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy in treating unipolar depression? earch has not provided consistent results on this issue. Incorrect Answer )Correct 1488 According to research studies, the success rate for interpersonal therapy is about the same as that for:

1489 About what percentage of people receiving treatment for depression are in dysfunctional relationships?

1490 If the focus of your therapist is primarily on how communication and problemsolving difficulties with your partner are contributing to your depression, your therapist is using: -behavioral therapy. Incorrect 1491 If you are receiving therapy designed to teach you and your spouse specific communication and problem-solving skills, your therapist is practicing: therapy. Incorrect 1492 When is couple therapy preferable to individual therapy?

)Correct

tal illness Incorrect

1493 Which of the following is not an example of a biological treatment for depression? k Incorrect

1494 If you live in the United States, you can be assured that: medication. Incorrect dietary supplements. Incorrect research. Incorrect

scribed

ements from the multibillion-dollar dietary supplement industry. (True Answer )Correct 1495 Typical consumers of nutraceuticals: urces. Incorrect 1496 Which of the following is the MOST effective dietary supplement/disorder pairing? for treating dementia (True Answer )Correct -e for treating sexual dysfunction Incorrect 1497 The nutraceutical SAM-e: Correct

1498 If a friend is considering nutraceuticals for the treatment of depression, your BEST advice would be: ssion. Incorrect

(True Answer )Correct 1499 St. John's wort: ect 1500 What is the average length of time for the treatment of major depressive disorder with ECT? s Incorrect 1501 If you were treated with ECT, you would experience a(n): -induced coma. Incorrect Answer )Correct 1502 In the bilateral ECT, the electrical current passes through:

Incorrect 1503 Which patient group was the first treated with ECT?

1504 Ugo Cerletti, the first psychiatrist to use ECT effectively, later abandoned the procedure, MOST likely because of: dislocated joints. (True Answer )Correct sing bilateral rather than unilateral shock. Incorrect 1505 ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) has changed over the years. Patients given this treatment now may receive: scle relaxants. (True Answer )Correct

1506 Today, electroconvulsive therapy: (True Answer )Correct 1507 One of the side effects of ECT is: ct 1508 Which of the following is the MOST important reason for the decline in the use of electroconvulsive therapy since the 1950s? ons. Incorrect

1509 People who take MAO inhibitors and want to decrease the risk of negative side effects would make the greatest changes in which aspect of life?

sun Incorrect 1510 An individual receiving a treatment for depression is happier because of higher levels of norepinephrine in his or her brain. What treatment is this person MOST likely receiving?

1511 Corrina took an antidepressant and then ate a meal. Shortly thereafter her blood pressure skyrocketed and she felt faint. Which of the following is MOST likely to be true? She took a tricyclic antidepressant. Incorrect 1512

If you had high blood pressure, you would want to be especially careful when using: tive serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Incorrect -generation antidepressants. Incorrect t

1513 MAO inhibitors work by:

1514 MAO inhibitors are biochemical agents that alleviate depressive symptoms in approximately half of the clinically depressed patients who take them. What is the mechanism of action of these drugs? uction of norepinephrine. (True Answer )Correct 1515 Which of the following is MOST likely to elevate the mood in a depressed person? decrease in the levels of serotonin Incorrect 1516 How do monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors work? levels of reserpine in the blood. Incorrect

1517 Researchers were searching for drugs to treat schizophrenia when they came across imipramine, which alleviated the symptoms of depression, although it was not effective against schizophrenia. It became the first of a class of drugs, all sharing a similar molecular structure, called:

1518 The mechanism of action of imipramine is to: and serotonin. Incorrect

neuron. Incorrect 1519 In order to effectively reduce the chances of relapse of depressive symptoms, patients should: symptoms. Incorrect -free. (True Answer )Correct ey are symptom-free. Incorrect 1520 Apparently tricyclics work by: Incorrect 1521 Second-generation antidepressant medications include: Elavil. Incorrect 1522 A person who is recovering from depression continues to take tricyclic medication for several months after most symptoms are gone. This is called: ntenance therapy, but it is not necessary; once symptoms are gone, they tend not to reappear. Incorrect reappearing. (True Answer )Correct reappear. Incorrect ce symptoms are gone, they tend not to

Incorrect 1523 Which of the following best represents how tricyclics work? phrine and serotonin blocked, larger amounts of norepinephrine and serotonin released, less neuronal firing. Incorrect normal amounts of norepinephrine and serotonin released, reuptake triggers more neuronal firing. (True Answer )Correct released, reuptake slows release of norepinephrine and serotonin. Incorrect serotonin blocked, neurons cease firing briefly, neurons begin firing without norepinephrine and serotonin. Incorrect 1524

Second-generation antidepressants appear to act by: ectively blocking the reuptake of serotonin. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect 1525 Second-generation antidepressants: specific neurotransmission reuptake. (True Answer )Correct 1526 Compared to earlier antidepressant drugs, second-generation antidepressant drugs: faster and more effectively. Incorrect

1527 A clinician says at a workshop, I prefer the most recently developed antidepressant medications, because they're harder to overdose on, and they don't require dietary restrictions. This statement is: restrictions. Incorrect restrictions. Incorrect 1528 A person taking antidepressant medication is starting to gain weight, and reports decreasing interest in sexual activity. These changes are MOST common among people taking what kind of antidepressant medication? -generation antidepressants (True Answer )Correct us nerve stimulators Incorrect e on, but do require dietary

1529 Therapists who treat African American clients for depression need to be aware that their clients are: -generation drugs. (True Answer )Correct -tested drugs. Incorrect therapy. Incorrect 1530

White Americans receiving Medicaid are: likely than African Americans to be prescribed antidepressant medication, but may be less likely to respond to the medication. (True Answer )Correct and may be more likely to respond to the medication. Incorrect and may be less likely to respond to the medication. Incorrect ation, but may be more likely to respond to the medication. Incorrect 1531 How likely are Medicaid recipients to be prescribed antidepressant medication? often than Hispanic Americans Incorrect often than African Americans (True Answer )Correct difference Incorrect es no difference Incorrect

1532 Among the biological treatments for depression, the one that uses an implanted pulse generator is:

1533 Vagus nerve stimulation is MOST similar to:

1534 Studies show that individuals with severe depression who have not benefited from more conventional treatments are about how likely to improve from using vagus nerve stimulation?

1535 In which of the treatments for depression is a stimulating current sent through a patient's prefrontal cortex?

1536 ______ is a treatment in which tiny holes are drilled into the skull through which electrodes are implanted into the brain.

1537 What do ECT, vagus nerve stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation have in common? depression. Incorrect side effects. Incorrect

ication-induced

depression. (True Answer )Correct 1538 There has been a significant increase in the number of physicians prescribing antidepressants in the past few decades: therapy. Incorrect se successful drug therapy is only effective in the short term. Incorrect 1539 Conclusions from extensive studies of the effectiveness of various forms of treatment for depression show that: the treatment of depression. Incorrect tried first. Incorrect -behavioral, interpersonal, and biological treatments are the best, and about equally effective. (True Answer )Correct 1540 Outcome studies on treatments for depression, comparing drug treatments with cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapies, show that: herapies work quicker, but must be combined with drug therapy over the long run. Incorrect itive therapies are better at preventing relapses unless the drug therapy is continued even after the patient has improved. (True Answer )Correct 1541 The key to long-term treatment of depression is:

tion. Incorrect 1542 Research now suggests that once someone has been successfully treated for depression he or she: begin drug treatment if it has not already been tried. Incorrect 1543 Recent research indicates that behavioral therapy is the treatment of choice only:

rrect 1544 Which of the following would a psychodynamic therapist be MOST likely to say about studies regarding the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapy for depression? Therapists' reports of individual recovery and progress should be disregarded. Incorrect 1545 Your BEST advice to a friend who is experiencing severe depression would be: problems. Incorrect c therapy or behavior therapy should work better than anything else. Incorrect 1546 What would be your BEST recommendation (i.e., MOST scientifically valid) about behavioral therapy for someone experiencing depression? Incorrect Incorrect d cognitive-behavioral therapies.

1547 What would be your BEST recommendation (i.e., MOST scientifically valid) about behavioral therapy for an adolescent experiencing depression?

adolescents. Incorrect ECT, in particular. Incorrect rrect

1548 Which of the following is NOT true about the use of ECT and drug therapies for treating depression? Incorrect prescribed. (True Answer )Correct treating depressed people who

are also suicidal. Incorrect 1549 Which of the following treatments produces the fastest results in the biological treatment for unipolar depression? orrect 1550 Electroconvulsive therapy would be MOST recommended when: -generation antidepressant drugs Incorrect

essant drugs. (True Answer )Correct 1551 What is currently true about pharmaceutical companies regarding their ads for medications in the United States? ads. Incorrect drugs in their ads. (True Answer )Correct

taking the

1552 Rosita swings between periods of bottomless depressions and high-flying enthusiasm. She never hits the middle. Her physician is MOST likely to recommend treatment with:

1553

The effects of lithium were discovered during the investigation of: . Incorrect

1554 If a person taking lithium began experiencing nausea, vomiting, sluggishness, tremors, and seizures, one would suspect:

rect 1555 At least ______ of manic patients treated with lithium improve.

1556 Lithium has been found to: stress disorder. Incorrect Answer )Correct Incorrect -compulsive disorder. r disorder when used in conjunction with ECT

than when used alone. Incorrect 1557 A person with bipolar disorder is taking a commonly used drug to stabilize mood in the manic episodes. What else might also happen as a result of taking this drug? muchthe drug works specifically on manic episodes. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct followed by a return to the usual intensity. Incorrect 1558 All of the following about lithium as a treatment for bipolar disorder are true, EXCEPT that: symptoms. Incorrect

)Correct 1559 Lithium appears to affect:

1560 Second messengers are: s neurotransmitters. Incorrect 1561 You would expect to see the biggest impact of lithium on which part of the neuron? en neurons Incorrect

1562 The combination of lithium and psychotherapy is better than lithium treatment alone. This therapeutic addition is called:

-behavioral treatment. Incorrect 1563 Which one of the following is the BEST example of adjunctive therapy? depression (if such a vaccine existed). Incorrect embers of a couple are being treated for depression. Incorrect family. (True Answer )Correct 1564 The best treatment recommendation you could give someone experiencing bipolar disorder is:

be effective. Incorrect 1565 Which one of the following is a likely reason for using adjunctive therapy to treat bipolar disorder? y miss the depression. Incorrect without taking it. (True Answer )Correct

1566 Which of the following is an example of effective adjunctive therapy for bipolar disorder?

1243 Distinguish between bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, dysthymic disorder, and cyclothymic disorder using DSM-5 criteria. 1244 The research supporting the various models that explain depression has a number of limitations. Provide examples from actual research that demonstrates: (a) application of animal research to human behavior, (b) correlational research that does not establish causation, and (c) limitations of physiological measurements. 1245 Using the biological model of unipolar depression, discuss the genetic factors, biochemical factors, and brain circuitry factors that are involved in unipolar depression. 1246 Define premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Then discuss how it is similar to and different from other disorders of mood, and why this diagnosis has been controversial. 1247 Describe the psychodynamic explanation for the development of depression. Then, discuss the research that supports or questions this explanation. 1248 Describe the three forms of Aaron Beck's cognitive triad and give an example how each form would influence the thinking of a depressed person. 1249 Someone you know has just had a minor fender-bender, caused by backing his car into a light pole. Using the concepts of the attribution-helplessness theory, provide examples of what an individual at risk for depression and one not at risk for depression would say regarding what just happened to him. Be sure to include all three attributional dimensions. 1250 Negative thinking lies at the center of unipolar depression. Using this theory, discuss four areas to consider that contribute to negative thinking that may cause depression.

1251 Discuss the relationship between gender and depression, and between cultural and ethnic background and depression that fall under the multicultural perspective. 1252 Using the DSM-5, what criteria would you use to diagnose an individual with Bipolar I Disorder? Describe in detail the two components of Bipolar Disorder. 1253 You have been asked to give a talk to the Student Art Group on, Abnormality and Creativity. How would you explain why creative people might be prone to psychological disorders? What additional information would you share about the myths regarding the relationship between emotional turmoil and creativity? 1254 A state in which one feels low and life seems bleak with overwhelming challenges is called ______. 1255 A state of breathless euphoria, or frenzied energy, in which people have an exaggerated belief in their power is called ______. 1256 Kareem is miserable. He sees himself in a negative way. He has no desire to participate in his usual activities. In addition, he has headaches, insomnia, and nausea. Kareem is MOST likely suffering from _____. 1257 Depressed people are usually less active and less productive. This is a(n) ______ symptom. 1258 An individual may receive a diagnosis of ______ if she displays less disabling symptoms of unipolar depression over a period of at least two years. 1259 When a stressful event appears to be responsible for the onset of a major depressive episode, clinicians refer to it as a(n) ______. n or exogenous depression (True Answer )

1260 A person diagnosed with unipolar depression shows low activity of a neurotransmitter chemical . If activity of norepinephrine is normal, then the neurotransmitter showing low activity is MOST likely ______. 1261 The only mood disorder with a female to male ratio showing substantially more males than females diagnosed with the disorder, a ratio of about 1:6, is ______. 1262 To explain the relationship between loss and depression, Freud used the concept of ______, in which a person unconsciously interprets negative experiences as the loss of a loved one. 1263 Harry Harlow's infant monkey studies have been used to support the _______ explanation for the relationship between loss and depression. 1264 Peter Lewinsohn has developed a theory that depression results from a progressive decrease in the number of ______ that a person receives over a long period of time. 1265 The theorist responsible for focusing attention on the negative aspects of thinking as an explanation of depression is ______. eck (True Answer ) 1266 Aaron Beck's work led him to believe that ______ lies at the heart of unipolar depression. 1267 According to Aaron Beck, arbitrary inferences, minimizations, and magnification are examples of ______ that lead to negativity. 1268 I have no control over good things in my life. The ______ theory of depression MOST closely explains this statement. lessness (True Answer )

1269 People become depressed when they believe that they have no control over the events in their lives and that they cannot change this condition. This is known as the _____ view of depression. attribution-helplessness, or hopelessness (True Answer ) 1270 The fact that separated or divorced people are about three times as likely to experience depression than are married people provides the most direct support for ______ theory. l, social support (True Answer ) 1271 Women and men are equally prone to depression, but gender differences in the rate of diagnosing this disorder arise because clinicians often fail to detect this disorder in men. This is the ______. ory (True Answer ) 1272 I'm going out to convince the drug dealers of the errors of their ways. Then I'll write a play about my work and put it on Broadway. But first, I need to go home and cook a gourmet meal. The individual saying this is MOST likely experiencing a(n) ______ episode. 1273 A person who exhibits mild euphoria, moderate feelings of well-being, and somewhat elevated levels of physical activity is ______. 1274 A milder pattern of mood swings that does not reach the severity of bipolar disorder but does include depressive and manic episodes has been identified as ______. 1275 A state of breathless euphoria, or frenzied energy, in which individuals have an exaggerated belief in their power describes:

1276 An important difference between mood disorders and normal mood fluctuation is:

1277 Considering data from several countries around the world, which of the following is the MOST accurate statement about the percentages of adults in each country who suffer from mood disorders each year? ncorrect Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 1278 A friend of yours diagnosed with unipolar depression says, This can't be that bad. Maybe my creativity will increase. Of the following alternatives, your MOST accurate reply is: ositive about depression. (True Answer )Correct more creative. Incorrect it. Incorrect worry; almost all people with depression recover and retain the creativity gains. Incorrect 1279 In the United States, the prevalence of unipolar depression in boys is: women. Incorrect Incorrect (True Answer )Correct d the prevalence for men is lower than it is for women.

Incorrect 1280 What is the current incidence of severe unipolar depression in the United States? 5 percent Incorrect 10 percent (True Answer )Correct 15 percent Incorrect 23 percent Incorrect 1281 Which of the following would be an emotional symptom of depression?

1282 The experience of feeling like weeping constantly would be considered a(n) ______of depression.

ncorrect

1283 Which of the following would be MOSTLY a motivational symptom of depression?

1284 The experience of a lack of desire to engage in sexual activity with one's spouse would be considered a(n) ______ symptom

1285 A person displaying sadness, lack of energy, headaches, and feelings of low selfworth is showing all of the following symptoms EXCEPT:

1286 Which of the following would be a behavioral symptom of depression?

)Correct 1287 A depressed person who is confused, unable to remember things, and unable to solve problems is suffering from _______ symptoms.

1288 Having frequent headaches, disturbances in sleep, and loss of appetite are ______ symptoms of depression.

1289 Which of the following would be a physical symptom of depression? True Answer )Correct

1290 To be classified as having a major depressive episode, depression must last for a period of at least:

1291 What would be the most appropriate diagnosis for a person who experienced a major depressive episode, without having any history of mania, and is either immobile or excessively active?

1292 All of the following are types of major depressive disorders EXCEPT:

1293 Judith is currently experiencing a period of sadness that interferes with her ability to go to work and to take care of her children. It has lasted now for three weeks, and she has experienced similar episodes in the past. What type of major depression would she MOST likely be diagnosed with?

1294 To receive a diagnosis of major depressive episode, catatonic, the individual must display:

ncorrect

t within four weeks of giving birth. Incorrect

1295 Juan is currently experiencing a period of sadness that has resulted in almost total immobility. He sits in a chair all day and almost never moves. His wife has to assist him in getting into bed at night. What type of major depression would he most likely be diagnosed with?

1296 Since immediately after the birth of her son, Maria has experienced a period of sadness that interferes with her ability to take care of him. She has never felt this way before, but this has been going on for several weeks. With what type of major depression would she MOST likely be diagnosed? ct 1297 To receive a diagnosis of major depressive episode, melancholic, the individual must display: ity or excessive activity. Incorrect 1298 All the pleasure has gone out of life for Trevor. Things he used to find fun and exciting no longer give him any joy. He finds he wakes up early in the morning and has no appetite. This has been going on for several weeks. What type of major depression would he MOST likely be diagnosed with?

1299 To receive a diagnosis of dysthymic disorder, an individual must have experienced symptoms for at least:

1300 Jamal is experiencing a major depressive episode that appears to have begun three weeks ago. He is miserable and suffers from at least five symptoms of depression. No unusually stressful events have occurred in the past year. Based on these data, the diagnosis would be:

pression. Incorrect

1301 Jose just saw his best friend shot and killed by a gunman who was driving through his neighborhood. A month later he is in a psychologist's office complaining that he cannot work; everything seems hopeless. There are several other symptoms consistent with these. Based on these data, the diagnosis would MOST likely be: on. (True Answer )Correct 1302 Sohila has been deteriorating for more than a year. She is always tired (she does not sleep), she is losing weight (she eats poorly), she is sad, feels terrible, and feels like it will never get any better. When asked, it is clear that nothing in particular has happened. Based on these data, the diagnosis MOST likely would be: sion. Incorrect 1303 A woman experiences recurrent thoughts of suicide, great sadness, and sleep disturbance. These symptoms began a week after she gave birth, and have lasted over six months. The woman is experiencing:

1304 A woman who has just given birth is anxious, has trouble sleeping, and feels sad. These symptoms diminish in the next couple of weeks. What she has experienced is most likely: Answer )Correct orrect Incorrect Incorrect 1305 A woman being treated for postpartum depression after the birth of her first child is most likely to: again. Incorrect

child. (True Answer )Correct

postpartum depression with her next

Incorrect 1306 For women experiencing postpartum depression, which of the following is true regarding psychotherapy for depression? of their child. Incorrect -help support groups particularly helpful. (True Answer )Correct unipolar depression but not for postpartum depression. Incorrect 1307 The DSM-5 has added premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) as a diagnosis given to certain women who repeatedly experience clinically significant depressive and related symptoms during the week before menstruation. Why has this been an ongoing controversy? ncorrect )Correct 1308 Family pedigree and twin studies have been used to look for a predisposition for unipolar depression within families. Which theoretical framework encompasses these studies?

Incorrect 1309 Family pedigree and twin studies have been used to look for a genetic predisposition for unipolar depression. These studies have found: Incorrect than chance rate of depression among the families of depressed patients. (True Answer )Correct monozygotic twins. Incorrect individual. Incorrect 1310 tives of a depressed

If a study showed that both monozygotic twins had about a 45 percent chance of having unipolar depression when their twin had unipolar depression, this would provide: f a genetic factor in unipolar depression. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect Incorrect -certain support for the existence of a genetic factor in unipolar depression. Incorrect 1311 Recent studies show about what proportion of those experiencing major depressive disorder receive treatment for that disorder? e Answer )Correct 1312 A man diagnosed with major depressive disorder exhibited his first diagnosable symptoms when he was about 40 years old. Among those experiencing major depressive disorder, his case is: common: most people with this diagnosis are men in their early to mid 40s. Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect 20s (True Answer )Correct 1313 What are the chances that researchers will develop a specific, gene-based explanation for unipolar depression in the near future? zeroso far, no specific genes have been linked to unipolar depression Incorrect so far, specific genes on half or more of chromosomes have been linked to unipolar depression (True Answer )Correct researchers have identified at most a half-dozen or so genes linked to unipolar depression Incorrect researchers have narrowed their study down to at most three genes linked to unipolar depression Incorrect 1314 If a biochemical imbalance were the cause of a person's depression, the latest research would lead us to expect to find that person to have: and norepinephrine. (True Answer )Correct

their metabolites. Incorrect measured by their metabolites. Incorrect

ylcholine, and

1315 Seasonal affective disorder is associated with fewer hours per day of daylight during the winter months. Less daylight, or, more accurately, more darkness, may cause the release of:

correct 1316 If people with unipolar depression were found to have higher levels of cortisol, such a finding would support the influence of the: ______. ntation Incorrect 1317 One problem with analogue studies of depression is that: depression. Incorrect -like symptoms in lab animals reflect human depression. (True Answer )Correct experience those symptoms. Incorrect een genes and depression. Incorrect 1318 Assume that a new study suggests the corpus callosum may cause unipolar depression by moving messages too slowly from one cerebral hemisphere to the other. This study would be: most strongly connected other brain areas to depression. (True Answer )Correct -of-a-kind; previous studies do not connect specific brain areas to depression. Incorrect Incorrect is a replication. Incorrect 1319 A person suspected of having unipolar depression has a smaller-than-normal hippocampus, although it produces a normal number of new neurons. This is:

-than-normal hippocampus, causing it to produce a low number of new neurons. (True Answer )Correct a normal-sized hippocampus, causing it to produce a low number of new neurons. Incorrect -sized hippocampus, causing it to produce a normal number of new neurons. Incorrect 1320 The belief that the prefrontal cortex has a very important part to play in the development of depression: depression. Incorrect depression. (True Answer )Correct relationship. Incorrect 1321 As a result of taking antidepressant drugs, a person is experiencing increased production of new neurons in the hippocampus. This is: not working. Incorrect diagnosis. Incorrect 1322 Recent research indicates that all of the following brain structures or regions are part of the brain circuit involved in unipolar depression, EXCEPT:

1323 Which of the following statements MOST accurately reflects current research findings? depression. Incorrect systems. Incorrect Unipolar depression and stress both produce dysregulated immune systems. Incorrect depression. (True Answer )Correct 1324 According to Freudian theory, depression results in part from:

1325 The clinician who would be MOST likely to say, Tell me about how your parents cared for and protected you is a:

1326 The clinician who would be MOST likely to say, Tell me about any early losses you experienced is a:

1327 In general, object relations theorists follow which theoretical perspective?

1328 Which theoretical model is supported by the finding that monkeys separated from their mothers at birth show signs of depression?

1329 A baby who was separated from its mother at birth, and who subsequently became withdrawn, sad, and tearful, could be experiencing: postpartum depression. Incorrect

1330 Studies show that less than 10 percent of individuals who experience major losses become depressed. This finding provides what level of support for a psychodynamic explanation of depression? about 10 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year (True Answer )Correct about 5 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year Incorrect

about 2 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year Incorrect only about 1 percent of adults in the United States experience some level of clinical depression each year Incorrect 1331 An older person retires and begins experiencing health problems. Consequently, the person loses contact with old friends and becomes unpleasant to be around. A behaviorist would explain the resulting depression in terms of:

1332 Behaviorists explain the downward spiral of depression by theorizing that: Answer )Correct e inaccurate self-reports. Incorrect 1333 Francoise is depressed. Her therapist asks her about her daily experiences, focusing on how often people say nice things to her. Her therapist MOST likely has a:

1334 Which theoretical orientation would support the finding that there is a significant relationship between positive life events and feelings of life satisfaction and happiness?

1335 The type of clinician who would be MOST likely to ask, ?What are some things you enjoy doing, and how often do you do them?? would be a:

1336 Cognitive theorists explain depression in terms of a person's:

1337 Which of the following would provide the BEST evidence for the cognitive explanation for depression? Answer )Correct Incorrect thoughts Incorrect 1338 The individual associated with developing a cognitive theory of depression based on negative and maladaptive thinking was:

1339 A therapist describes a patient who believes her personal worth is tied to each task she performs. She draws negative conclusions from very little evidence, amplifies minor mistakes into major character flaws, and suffers from repetitive thoughts that remind her of her flaws. You conclude that the therapist holds which theoretical orientation? nswer )Correct

1340 The dean of academic affairs visits a professor's class as part of a tenure review. At the conclusion of the lecture, the dean exits hurriedly, without saying a word to the professor. The professor, who is prone to depression, concludes, The dean hated my class so much he was too embarrassed to speak to me. This is an example of a(n): elective abstraction. Incorrect 1341 Which of these statements would NOT reflect a part of the cognitive triad? n't even want to wake up tomorrow. Incorrect 1342

Which of these research findings provides the most direct support for Beck's cognitive theory of depression? g a paragraph than do nondepressed women. (True Answer )Correct they are separated from their mothers. Incorrect -like symptoms when

1343 Which theoretical orientation would the research finding that depressed people choose more pessimistic and self-deprecating statements in a story-telling test demonstrate?

1344 If I'm in a depressed mood and all I do is think about my mood, without trying to change it, I'm making what kind of response?

1345 All of Beck's cognitively based explanations for depression have received research support, EXCEPT for: . Incorrect

1346 A friend of yours who has been diagnosed with depression asks you, I'm concerned about my child; is there anything I should especially be aware of? Of the following, your BEST answer would be, Yes, most people with depression don't: h their child. Incorrect 1347 Your aunt says, I know I'm depressed, and I think and worry about my depression constantly; however, I never actually do anything about it. She is: triad. Incorrect

1348 The person associated with the learned helplessness theory of depression is: Beck. Incorrect

1349 Martin Seligman has developed a theory based on the idea that depression results from: ng and maladaptive thoughts. Incorrect )Correct 1350 According to Martin Seligman's theory, who of the following would be most likely to develop learned helplessness? experienced a controllable negative event. Incorrect controllable negative event. (True Answer )Correct controllable negative event. Incorrect uncontrollable events. Incorrect 1351 A woman who was frequently but unpredictably beaten by her husband was finally taken to a shelter by the police. While there she did not take advantage of educational and job training opportunities. How would cognitive theorists explain her behavior?

1352 Many victims of spousal abuse stay with their abusers, even though it is obvious to others that they should, and actually could, leave. A good explanation for their behavior is:

1353 A young woman believes that everything negative that happens to her is her own fault, that she ruins everything, and always will. The therapist diagnoses her as

suffering from a learned helplessness?induced depression because she attributes negative events in her life to:

1354 Darius thinks that his poor performance in math was due to a bad teacher. He also believes that he is good in language-based subjects. Darius is sure that he will do better in math next year. This is an example of: , and stable attribution. Incorrect 1355 Which theoretical orientation would the following research finding support? Depressed people show an internal/global/stable pattern of attribution on a questionnaire.

1356 The clinician who would be MOST likely to ask, Do you believe you will always feel like this in all situations? is a:

1357 Someone receiving treatment for depression periodically completes an Attributional Style Questionnaire, which is designed to measure the therapy's effectiveness. The theoretical orientation of the therapist is MOST likely: Incorrect 1358 One who looks at the influence of race, living conditions, marital status, and roles on the development of depression would MOST likely represent which theoretical orientation? itive Incorrect 1359

A decrease in social rewards, especially a decrease in social support, such as the support found in a happy marriage may precede the onset of depression, providing evidence for which theoretical perspectives?

1360 A recently divorced individual who swears off dating for fear of experiencing another failed relationship has an increased risk of developing a depressive disorder, providing direct support for which theoretical explanation of depression? avioral Incorrect 1361 The type of clinician who would be MOST likely to say, Tell me about the quality of mutual support you receive from your marriage is a: psychodynamic clinician. Incorrect

1362 In the United States, the highest depression rate is found in: )Correct -married people. Incorrect 1363 After a couple divorced, you learn that one of them is suffering from depression. MOST likely: e woman's depression led to the divorce. Incorrect again. Incorrect 1364 Which of the following statements is NOT generally accurate regarding gender and depression? -lasting bouts of depression. Incorrect less successfully to therapy for depression. (True Answer )Correct

1365 Which theoretical orientation would support the finding that Westerners experience more psychological symptoms of depression than do others around the world?

cognitive Incorrect 1366 Pierre feels terrible. He is sad, tired, and depressed, but he refuses to show it. This is consistent with the: Answer )Correct -of-life theory. Incorrect 1367 Depression is more common in women because they experience more taxing life situations, such as poverty and menial jobs, than men. This is the: -blame theory. Incorrect -stress theory. (True Answer )Correct -of-control theory. Incorrect

1368 If a study demonstrated that depression is caused by concerns about one's weight, that finding would provide strong evidence: nst the hormone explanation. Incorrect

1369 Artifact theory differs importantly from other sociocultural theories of depression because it suggests: ult of depression. (True

Answer )Correct

1370 Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding current theories on gender differences in relation to depression? ave some supporting evidence, but they all also have some research findings they can't explain. (True Answer )Correct than the other explanations. Incorrect eory probably will emerge as a dominant explanation. Incorrect 1371 A woman in a middle-level manager's job is repeatedly not promoted, no matter how hard she tries, even though she seems as qualified as the men who are

promoted. If she develops depression as a result of her work experiences, the theory that BEST easily explains the onset of her depression is: -of-control theory. (True Answer )Correct 1372 Compared to African Americans, white Americans are: have recurrent episodes. Incorrect substantially less likely to be diagnosed with depression, and less likely to have recurrent episodes. Incorrect recurrent episodes. Incorrect with depression, but less likely to have recurrent episodes. (True Answer )Correct 1373 Of the following, the one MOST likely to be diagnosed with depression is a: as lived all her life on a Native American reservation. (True Answer )Correct 1374 A good way to describe a typical manic episode would be to say that it's like: up and down, up and down. Incorrect a sudden burst of energy that's quickly gone. Incorrect steady, regular energy being produced. Incorrect spreading out wherever there's room for it to go. (True Answer )Correct 1375 Of the following, the MOST accurate description of the symptoms of mania would be that they: aggressiveness. Incorrect )Correct Incorrect 1376 People experiencing mania: ely aware of their domineering, excessive behaviors. Incorrect friends. Incorrect anied by

1377 People who talk rapidly, dress flamboyantly, and get involved in dangerous activities are showing ______ symptoms of mania.

1378 A person experiencing mania goes out with friends, looking for adventure. Additionally, the individual talks loudly, runs rather than walks, and has given away a lot of money to random people on the street. These symptoms are primarily: gnitive. Incorrect

1379 According to the DSM-5, all of the following are considered symptoms of a manic episode, EXCEPT: ractibility. Incorrect -esteem. Incorrect 1380 The MOST common cognitive description of someone exhibiting mania is that the person is: , with poor judgment. (True Answer )Correct -esteem. Incorrect -esteem. Incorrect 1381 On an impulse, David decides to throw a huge party. It takes four days of round-theclock work to get everything ready, then David welcomes over 200 guests. When the police stop by because David has blocked a public road to have room for the party, he flies into a rage. MOST likely, David is experiencing:

1382 Somene who experiences a half-dozen alternations between mild mania and major depression within a one-year time span would be classified as:

1383

The difference between bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder is: rrect 1384 A friend of yours wishes to be a highly creative artist. What is the best advice you could give your friend regarding mood disorders? r than average incidence of them. Incorrect spark. Incorrect

(True Answer )Correct 1385 A talented artist is experiencing severe bipolar disorder. In terms of artistic output only, the BEST thing that artist could do is: rbance is related to better artistic output. Incorrect psychological disturbance. Incorrect output. Incorrect output. (True Answer )Correct 1386 Assume you have a friend who is a talented artist, and has occasional short-term hypomania. What is the best thing, in terms of being a creative, productive artist, that your friend could do? -depth treatment; hypomania severely limits artists. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct Try, at least occasionally, to feel mildly depressed; cyclothymic disorder is characteristic of most great artists. Incorrect characteristic of most great artists. Incorrect 1387 Milder forms of bipolar disorders are known as ______ disorder. -depressive Incorrect -depressive Incorrect

o greater creativity than severe disorders.

1388 A milder pattern of mood swings that does not reach the severity of bipolar disorder but does include brief depressive and manic episodes is called ______ disorder.

1389 A 12-year-old middle-school European-American girl from a middle-class socioeconomic background has been diagnosed with bipolar I disorder. Which of her characteristics is MOST unusual for those with bipolar I disorder diagnosis? rrect 1390 If you wanted to be on the cutting edge of research regarding the causes of bipolar disorders as we understand them today, you would MOST likely do research on which of the following? ss Incorrect child patterns of interaction Incorrect 1391 The strongest evidence for the cause of bipolar disorders BEST supports which theoretical perspective?

1392 Biochemical explanations for bipolar disorder focus on all of the following EXCEPT: Incorrect 1393 Although initially thought to be due to an excessive amount of a particular neurotransmitter, mania has been found to be due to low levels of which neurotransmitter?

1394 Abnormal ion activity has been found in many people suffering from bipolar disorder. This ion activity is responsible for transmitting messages:

1395 Bipolar disorders have recently been linked to: letion. Incorrect

1396 Studies reporting abnormalities in the basal ganglia of individuals with bipolar disorder provide the strongest support for which of the following causes of biopolar disorder? orrect 1397 Which of the following risk percentage patterns would BEST support the influence of genetic factors in explaining bipolar disorder(1) in the general population, (2) among close relatives of people with bipolar disorder, and (3) among identical twins of people with bipolar disorder? Incorrect 1398 Recent research using genetic linkage studies has looked for possible patterns of inheritance of bipolar disorders. The results suggest that: component in the development of bipolar disorders. Incorrect bipolar disorders. (True Answer )Correct having one of these disorders. Incorrect t chance of

greater importance than genetic factors in the development of bipolar disorders. Incorrect 1399 There are several factors related to unipolar depressionreduced positive reinforcers, gene abnormalities, and life stress, to name a few. How do these factors relate to depression? The MOST recent research shows that: ble for causing and maintaining depression. Incorrect correlated with depressive symptoms. Incorrect

(True Answer )Correct

epression.

psychological disorder. Incorrect 1400 If we ultimately find that people with unipolar depression have certain biochemical characteristics, certain cognitive characteristics, and certain life stressors, then we will have evidence that: True Answer )Correct Incorrect 1401 Of the following statements, which is accurate, based on current research? important factors. Incorrect factors. Incorrect factor. (True Answer )Correct depression and bipolar disorder have one major factor. Incorrect 1058 For the following aspects of Munchausen syndrome, list DSM-5 criteria for diagnosis; populations prone to developing the disorder; causes of the disorder. Additionally, list DSM-5 criteria for diagnosis; discuss reasons the disorder occurs and why is it is difficult to diagnose. 1059 Which do you think is generally the MORE serious type of disorder--conversion disorder or somatic symptom disorder/predominant pain pattern? Include why you think this is the case. Additionally, discuss the causes of these disorders. 1060 A therapist is diagnosing a patient with a somatic symptom disorder. What are the possible symptoms the therapist has observed in coming up with this diagnosis? Additionally, list DSM-5 criteria used in making this diagnosis. 1061 A therapist is diagnosing a patient with a somatic symptom disorder. What are the possible symptoms the therapist has observed in coming up with this diagnosis? Additionally, list DSM-5 criteria used in making this diagnosis. 1062 Explain the psychodynamic, behavioral, and cognitive explanations for the development (cause) of conversion and somatic symptom disorders.

1063 You are listening to recordings of two therapy sessions of individuals experiencing somatic symptom disorder. In one session, psychodynamic therapy is being used, while behavior therapy is being used in the other. Make a list of what you would hear being discussed in each recording that would demonstrate that the therapy being used was psychodynamic or behavioral. Additionally, what are other ways therapists would treat this disorder? 1064 What differentiates illness anxiety disorder from traditional psychophysiological disorders? List two forms of therapy that might prove effective with someone experiencing illness anxiety disorder. 1065 Discuss the characteristics of dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue. Also, include the similarities and differences between the two. 1066 From what you have studied in this course, do you think repressed childhood memories that supposedly are brought to light through intensive psychotherapy ought to be allowed as evidence in criminal trials involving, for example, physical or sexual child abuse? Or do you think that what is really involved is what some have called false memory syndrome? Please provide empirical evidence to support your answer. 1067 Describe and provide examples of the three ways in which alternate personalities might interact in someone experiencing dissociative identity disorder. 1068 Describe in detail how treatment for dissociative identity disorder might differ from treatment for dissociative amnesia or for dissociative fugue. 1069 Describe the characteristics of depersonalization-derealization disorder. What events are likely to cause it and why? 1070 A disorder involving an apparent, but not actual physical illness is called ______. conversion disorder (True Answer ) 1071 People with ______, travel from hospital to hospital, gaining admission and receiving treatment for symptoms they caused intentionally themselves.

1072 The form of factitious disorder caused when a caregiver induces symptoms in a child is called ______. 1073 Beauregard saw his parents killed and the next morning he could not see. This is an example of a(n)______. 1074 One of the dangers of a diagnosis of conversion disorder is that the mysterious origins of the patient's symptoms may actually be ______. 1075 From a psychodynamic perspective, people whose symptoms keep their internal conflicts from emerging into consciousness achieve ______ gain. 1076 Freud's view was that hysteria stemmed from an unresolved ______. 1077 A person whose symptoms fulfill some external need (such as avoiding something unpleasant) is achieving ______ gain. 1078 From a psychodynamic perspective, people whose symptoms keep their internal conflicts from emerging into consciousness achieve ______ gain. y (True Answer ) 1079 People who suffer from ______ unrealistically and fearfully interpret relatively minor physical discomforts as signs of serious illness. 1080 Eleanor thinks she has horribly ugly hair (in fact, she doesn't). She will not be seen in public without a scarf over her head. She suffers from ______ disorder.

1081 Our ______ is our sense of who we are, and where we fit in our environment. identity (True Answer ) 1082 One's identity is based in part on one's ______ which links the past, the present, and the future. 1083 An individual with ______ displays two or more distinct personalities and periodically switches from one to another. 1084 Dissociative amnesia characterized by the loss of memory of events that occurred within a limited period following a traumatic episode is called ______ amnesia 1085 Dissociative amnesia characterized by forgetting, for a short time, some but not all events following a traumatic episode is called ______. 1086 Dissociative amnesia characterized by forgetting, for a limited period of time, some but not all events both preceding and following a traumatic episode is called ______ amnesia. 1087 In dissociative amnesia, the forgotten period is called the ______ . 1088 Dissociative amnesia characterized by forgetting that extends indefinitely following a traumatic episode is called _______ amnesia. 1089 Quinn has forgotten who he is. He has fled to a different location from the one he has been living in and is wandering around aimlessly. After a few hours, he comes to and discovers his strange surroundings. Unable to recall how he got there or what he has been doing, Quinn appears to be suffering from ______.

1090 The primary difference between dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue is _____. 1091 Calvin suffers from multiple personality disorder. He has three distinct identities: young Hank, Hermione, and middle-aged Cal. Hank knows about Hermione and Cal, but they do not know of the existence of each other or of Hank. This relationship is known as ______ amnesic. -way (True Answer ) 1092 In people with dissociative identity disorder, there are sometimes personalities that are aware of the existence of the others, but they themselves remain unknown to some of the identities. The personalities that know of others are called ______. -conscious (True Answer ) 1093 Some researchers argue that dissociative identity disorder and the existence of alternative personalities are unintentionally produced by therapists during therapy. Such cases are called ______. * 1094 Psychodynamic theorists believe that dissociative disorders represent an extreme use of the defense mechanism called ______ . 1095 When people learn something in a particular situation or condition, they are more likely to recall this information when in the same situation or condition. This phenomenon is called ______. -dependent learning (True Answer ) 1096 Dissociative amnesia is the result of experiencing an arousal state of extreme anxiety during an upsetting event and then being unable to recall the event during a later state of calm. This statement describes the ______ view of dissociative disorders. -dependent (True Answer ) 1097 The treatment used to help people recall forgotten events with guided suggestions is called ______.

1098 One who experiences a feeling of mindbody separation, and distorted senses is experiencing ______. ion (True Answer ) 1099 Just before debuting at Carnegie Hall, the pianist suffered paralysis of her left hand. Which of the following BEST describes her disorder? order associated with psychological factors Incorrect 1100 A 35-year-old woman hobbles into the office of a physician complaining of a debilitating illness that has robbed her of the use of her left leg and right arm. The physician finds no physical basis for her symptoms. She appears totally unaware that the cause of her symptoms may be psychological. The diagnosis would be: rect 1101 Abnormalities that are thought to have both biological and psychological causes are:

psychological factors affecting one's medical condition. Incorrect 1102 Which of the following is an example of malingering? )Correct likes being a patient Incorrect 1103 Which of the following is TRUE about factitious disorders? ng to achieve some external gain by faking illness. (True Answer )Correct illness. Incorrect 1104 A man appeared at the emergency room complaining of bloody diarrhea. The doctor who examined him found that the man was intentionally creating the diarrhea us disorder do not want to assume the sick role. Incorrect

through use of laxatives and anticoagulant medication, and liked being a patient. The man is MOST likely:

1105 Having a background in medicine, but also a grudge against the profession, puts a person at risk for:

Incorrect 1106 Someone who has Munchausen syndrome, also by definition, has:

1107 A woman complains of an assortment of physiological ailments. You think that she is intentionally producing the physical symptoms in order to appear sick, which fills some psychological need. You would diagnose: on disorder. Incorrect 1108 Sarah brings her young daughter into the emergency room with internal bleeding. The attending physician later concludes that Sarah caused the symptoms in her daughter intentionally, because of a need to gain attention and praise for her devoted care of her sick child. If this assessment is correct, Sarah would be diagnosed as having: 1109 If a chronically ill child was removed from home and placed in foster care, and then became quite healthy, one might suspect that the parent (usually the mother) was experiencing: r. Incorrect 1110 Munchausen syndrome is a:

1111 Munchausen syndrome by proxy is MOST likely to adversely affect the physical wellbeing of: 1112 Which of the following is a MAIN characteristic of an individual with Munchausen syndrome by proxy? chotic Incorrect

1113 Conversion disorders are more common in: -aged than the young. Incorrect -aged. Incorrect

1114 Conversion disorders most often appear in:

1115 If a person complains of a wide variety of physical symptoms over a period of time in the absence of a physical basis for the symptoms, the diagnosis would likely be: c disorder. Incorrect 1116 Madeline appeared at the clinic complaining of pain in her knee, shoulder, and abdomen, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, and exhaustion. The patient history revealed that she had been going to clinics for years trying to get treatment for these complaints and a host of other physical symptoms. The diagnostic consensus was that Madeline suffered from: cupation disorder. Incorrect 1117 A person experiencing blindness, paralysis, or loss of feeling, may also be said to be displaying:

ect 1118 Which of the following is likely to be useful in distinguishing conversion or somatic symptom disorders from true medical problems? of a condition to develop as expected (True Answer )Correct symptoms characteristic of the condition Incorrect 1119 Which of the following would lead you to suspect someone has a conversion disorder rather than is exhibiting medical symptoms? rrect Incorrect Incorrect 1120 The patient had several surgeries over the years for vague and nonspecific sexual reproductive problems, visiting many of the top hospitals in the East during the course of treatment. The BEST diagnosis for this disorder is: r associated with psychological factors. Incorrect 1121 Somatic symptom disorders differ from conversion disorders in that: usually begin later in life than somatic symptom disorders. Incorrect United States. Incorrect disorders are more common in women. Incorrect 1122 A patient with a heart condition complained of adhesions from his postoperative scar, leg cramps, and joint stiffness. He seemed to be hurting all over, but no medical reason could be found to explain the symptoms. The BEST diagnosis for this disorder is:

1123 A woman has experienced a wide range of vague but disturbing physical symptoms over a period of several years. Doctors cannot find a cause for the problems; medically, the woman appears normal. Based on this information, the BEST diagnosis would be: tom disorder (somatization pattern). (True Answer )Correct

1124 The relationship between gender and somatic symptom disorder generally is that: predominant pain pattern forms of somatic symptom disorder. Incorrect somatization pattern and predominant pain pattern forms of somatic symptom disorder. (True Answer )Correct women than men are diagnosed with predominant pain pattern forms of somatic symptom disorder. Incorrect than women are diagnosed with predominant pain pattern forms of somatic symptom disorder. Incorrect 1125 A woman has close female relatives diagnosed with a somatization pattern of somatic symptom disorder. According to research, her probability of being diagnosed with the same disorder is about:

1126 An individual develops somatic symptom disorder after a near-fatal car crash. The diagnosis: Incorrect Incorrect Answer )Correct 1127 About what percentage of American men experience a somatic symptom disorder in a given year? ttern.

1128 If you looked in Jeanette's medicine cabinet, you would find dozens of prescriptions and even more over-the-counter medications. Every time she sneezes, Jeanette is sure she has the latest deadly flu, although no physician has ever found anything wrong with her. Jeanette probably suffers from: hic disorder. Incorrect 1129 In the latter half of the nineteenth century, a person who today is diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely have been diagnosed with:

1130 Freud believed that hysterical symptoms: enabled people to avoid unpleasant activities. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect 1131 Which statement BEST reflects our understanding of hysterical disorders? explained. Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect articularly resistant to hypnosis.

predominant in aiding understanding. (True Answer )Correct 1132 Disorders that represent the conversion of conflicts and anxiety into physical symptoms would include:

1133 According to the psychodynamic view, conversion disorder symptoms function to keep unacceptable thoughts and conflicts out of consciousness. This is called:

1134 If a therapist believed that a person was displaying conversion disorder symptoms because the symptoms helped the person avoid unpleasant situations, you would think that the therapist was: rrect 1135 It was convenient when Rowena awoke blind. She had been terrified about testifying and now she did not have to. This is an example of:

1136 A woman who is particularly threatened by any display of anger becomes unable to speak when she is most angry with her husband, thereby keeping the anger out of her awareness. According to psychodynamic theorists, she is achieving ______ from her illness.

1137 If a man's behavior elicited kindness and sympathy from his wife when he was mute, he would be receiving ______ gains from his behavior.

1138 Every time Miguel had a headache, his mother let him miss school. Now, as an adult, his headaches have become more frequent. His head pounds any time he is required to do something he would rather not do. This is a ______ explanation of conversion symptoms.

1139 It's obvious that the patient observed friends who had symptoms of illness, then imitated those symptoms to get attention, says the therapist. MOST likely, the therapist has which theoretical perspective?

1140 The first time the patient reported vague chest pains to 911, local EMTs responded with obvious attention and concern. Over the next several months, the patient called 911 more and more often, receiving the same concerned care for the same symptoms. This pattern of patient response is MOST easily explained by which theoretical perspective? behavioral (True Answer )Correct 1141 If you were a therapist with a behavioral view, which of the following questions would you be MOST likely to ask someone you suspected might have a somatic symptom disorder? Incorrect Incorrect 1142 The MAIN criticism of the behavioral and psychodynamic explanations for the maintenance of hysterical disorders is that: ceives from the disorder. Incorrect Incorrect . (True Answer )Correct 1143 That people with somatic symptom disorders use their symptoms to express emotions they cannot easily express otherwise reflects the: ect 1144 A cognitive theorist would be MOST likely to say which of the following about hysterical disorders? ion except anxiety. Incorrect ct

)Correct 1145 Residents of Japan are more likely than residents of the United States to show higher rates of somatic complaints, MOST likely reflecting: n inferior way to handle emotions.

(True Answer )Correct

Incorrect 1146 An individual who has been diagnosed with a somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely first seek: sychological help. Incorrect

1147 A therapist treating an individual with a conversion disorder works to reduce pleasurable outcomes associated with being sick, while increasing pleasurable outcomes associated with being well. This technique is called:

orrect 1148 Albert had finally had enough of his inability to walk, and he went to a psychologist who told him there was nothing medically wrong with him. The therapist was using the treatment approach of: frontation. (True Answer )Correct 1149 Based on evidence from case studies, the BEST advice you could give someone who is experiencing a conversion disorder about seeking treatment is: antidepressants; they don't work with this disorder. Incorrect confrontation are often used. (True Answer )Correct been most heavily researched and seems to show the most promise. Incorrect 1150

Behavioral therapists treating a conversion disorder would be MOST likely to focus on: ent gain insight into how the disorder is reinforcing. Incorrect 1151 Imagine someone gets hit in the nose by a batted ball. The latest research suggests that swearing will:

nly if the person is used to swearing a lot. Incorrect 1152 It seems to me that people with illness anxiety disorder simply model what they see others doing. A person with which theoretical view would be MOST likely to say this?

1153 A therapist treating a client with illness anxiety disorder repeatedly shows the client how the client's body is less than perfect, while not allowing the client to seek medical attention. MOST likely, the therapist's viewpoint is: Answer )Correct Incorrect , and the therapy is called rational-emotive therapy. Incorrect -emotive therapy. Incorrect

1154 Increasingly concerned about my minor heartbeat irregularities, I think that my health is being threatened, and more and more often I misinterpret my body's normal signals. Which viewpoint BEST explains my experiences?

1155 When I took abnormal psychology as an undergraduate, I was convinced I had symptoms of many of the earlier disorders we covered. As soon as we moved on to new disorders, though, I was convinced I had some of their symptoms, as well. My experiences were similar to those of some people with a form of illness anxiety disorder sometimes called:

-Munchausen syndrome.? Incorrect 1156 According to DSM-5, body dysmorphic disorder is MOST closely related to which other psychological disorder?

1157 Imagine that you have a body dysmorphic disorder centered around your feet. Your therapist keeps reminding you of your ugly feet and makes you wear sandals. What sort of treatment is your therapist MOST likely using? tion Incorrect -emotive Incorrect 1158 If you were receiving the most effective medication for body dysmorphic disorder, you would be receiving a(n): eight control medication. Incorrect 1159 A person diagnosed with body dysmorphic disorder receives treatment based upon exposure and response prevention. The person could reasonably expect to experience: interactions. Incorrect interactions. Incorrect avoidance of social

-compulsive disorder (True Answer )Correct

(True Answer )Correct 1160 Our expectations, values, and goals combine to form our: tity. (True Answer )Correct 1161 A person experiencing multiple personalities would MOST accurately be diagnosed with dissociative:

ncorrect 1162 If you had lost your sense of identity, which of the following would MOST likely be disrupted?

1163 Dissociative disorders:

rrect

1164 Which diagnosis includes a breakdown in sense of self, a significant alteration in memory or identity, and even a separation of one part of the identity from another part? Answer )Correct 1165 An individual has been diagnosed with a dissociative disorder. However, the individual has very good recall of previous life events, and has a strong sense of self. The MOST likely diagnosis for this individual is:

1166 A feeling of detachment from oneself could be diagnosed as PTSD or depersonalization disorder. How would one decide which diagnosis is BEST? ncorrect 1167 People who are unable to recall important information about themselves, especially of an upsetting nature, are MOST likely experiencing: ive amnesia. (True Answer )Correct

1168 In the MOST common type of dissociative amnesia, a person loses memory for: l events beginning with the trauma but within a limited period of time. (True Answer )Correct 1169 After a major earthquake, television coverage showed survivors shuffling confusedly through the ruined buildings. If such victims later could not remember the days immediately after the earthquake, the victims would be suffering from what type of amnesia?

1170 Mary Ann experiences a mugging and robbery in which her poodle is kidnapped. Eventually the dog is found and returned. However, she is unable to recall events immediately following the attack, up until the safe return of the dog. This is a classic example of:

1171 Gwendolyn is held up at knifepoint and her young son is kidnapped. Eventually, her son is found and returned. However, she is unable to recall events that occurred since the attack, although she remembers some new experiences; worse still, she finds that she is forgetting events that occurred even before the attack. This is a classic example of:

1172 Carlotta is attacked in the street and her young daughter is kidnapped. Eventually, the police find her daughter and she is returned to her mother. However, Carlotta is unable to recall events that have occurred since the attack. She is even unable to retain new information; she remembers what happened before the attack but cannot remember new and ongoing experiences. This is a classic example of:

Incorrect 1173

Ever since the auto accident, during which she was miraculously unhurt, Pat has not been the same. She forgets appointments, friends' names, and even things done in the last few days. Pat's amnesia is termed: ect

1174 Combat veterans are MOST likely to report symptoms of

amnesia. Incorrect 1175 A person, years after committing a serious crime, is found living under a false identity over 1,000 miles from where the person used to live. The person's memory of the crime, and of other earlier events, is intact. Most likely this is a case of:

1176 A personality change that often accompanies dissociative fugues is that people become:

1177 Dissociative fugues usually:

)Correct

1178 Of the following alternatives, which is best for differentiating dissociative amnesia from dissociative fugue? dissociative fugue change where they live. (True Answer )Correct upsetting event. Incorrect knowledge. Incorrect episodic, knowledge. Incorrect 1179

Which of the following is not an example of memory recovery techniques used by therapists? writing Incorrect 1180 An individual who had suffered from dissociative fugue likely would have experienced all of the following EXCEPT: a recurrence of the problem months or years later. (True Answer )Correct 1181 Of the following disorders, the one for which an individual would least likely need therapy to avoid a recurrence and to recover lost memories is:

1182 A client who is talking calmly and rationally all of a sudden begins whining and complaining like a spoiled child. If that client suffers from true dissociative identity disorder, the client just experienced: t 1183 A person with dissociative identity disorder has just experienced switching. Which of the following MOST likely has happened? has faked a change in personality. Incorrect )Correct 1184 One who suffers from dissociative identity disorder is MOST likely to be a:

child. Incorrect 1185 Alexis has multiple personality disorder. When one of her personalities, Jodi, is asked about another one, Tom, she claims ignorance. Tom has never heard of Jodi either. This would be called a:

-conscious relationship. Incorrect mutually cognizant pattern. Incorrect -way amnesic relationship. Incorrect 1186 When all of the subpersonalities in a person with dissociative identity disorder are aware of one another, it is termed a: -conscious relationship. Incorrect -way amnesic relationship. Incorrect 1187 Raymond has multiple personality disorder. All of his subpersonalities talk about and tattle on each other. This is called a: -conscious relation. Incorrect -way amnesic relationship. Incorrect 1188 In a case of multiple personality, Pat is aware of the existence of Jerry and Chris, but Jerry and Chris are not aware of the existence of the other personalities. This form of subpersonality relationship is called: -way amnesic. (True Answer )Correct mutually cognizant. Incorrect -conscious. Incorrect 1189 Juanita has multiple personality disorder. Big Tony and Smart Alice are two personalities who are aware of all of the others. None of her other personalities are aware of each other. This would be called a: -conscious relationship. Incorrect -way amnesic relationship. (True Answer )Correct 1190 Jason has dissociative identity disorder. Fat Freddy and Carmen are two personalities who are aware of all of the others, but do not interact with them. Fat Freddy and Carmen would be described as: -reliant. Incorrect -occurring. Incorrect -conscious. (True Answer )Correct mutually cognizant. Incorrect 1191 Modern studies suggest that the average number of subpersonalities in cases of multiple personality in women is about:

. (True Answer )Correct 1192 An individual who formerly knew how to speak a foreign language and play a musical instrument can no longer remember how to as a result of a dissociative disorder. The dissociative disorder MOST likely is:

1193 The best example of the subpersonalities in dissociative identity disorder differing in their vital statistics occurs when: od pressure and another does not. Incorrect Answer )Correct 1194 Research on evoked potential with people with dissociative identity disorder has revealed that: n different brain response patterns. (True Answer )Correct patterns for subpersonalities. Incorrect dissociative identity disorder. Incorrect duals with

able to create different brain response patterns for each subpersonality. Incorrect 1195 One very interesting study investigated the physiological responses of subpersonalities of those with dissociative identity disorder, and the physiological responses of the subpersonalities of those instructed to fake dissociative identity disorder. The study showed that the physiological responses of subpersonalities of those with dissociative identity disorder: dissociative identity disorder. Incorrect identity disorder did not. (True Answer )Correct es of those faking dissociative

dissociative identity disorder did differ. Incorrect d the subpersonalities of those faking dissociative identity disorder. Incorrect 1196

How do results from evoked potential studies support the idea of the existence of multiple personalities? . Incorrect (True Answer )Correct personalities. Incorrect ounds produce evoked potentials. Incorrect 1197 In the United States, the number of diagnosed cases per year of dissociative identity disorder:

first decreased, then increased. Incorrect 1198 To what can we attribute much of the dramatic rise in the number of reported cases of dissociative identity disorder in recent years? elief that most cases of this disorder are iatrogenic Incorrect )Correct Incorrect 1199 In the past, dissociative identity disorder was most likely misdiagnosed as:

1200 A psychodynamic theorist would use repression as the chief explanation for all dissociative disorders except:

dissociative identity disorder, dissociative fugue, and dissociative amnesia. (True Answer )Correct 1201 Psychodynamic theorists believe that dissociative amnesias and fugues result from: swer )Correct 1202

Of the following statements, which is the one providing the most persuasive argument against a psychodynamic explanation for dissociative identity disorder? nation. Incorrect

1203 An abused child's thoughts occasionally drift to other, less anxiety-arousing, topics; this anxiety reduction thus serves to strengthen 'other' thoughts, while weakening the thoughts about abuse. A psychologist with which theoretical background would be most likely to offer this quotation as an explanation for the development of dissociative disorders?

1204 In addition to failing to explain why some people who experience severe trauma do not develop dissociative disorders, behavioral theorists also have the MOST difficulty explaining how: Answer )Correct omplex disorder. (True

1205 Which of the following hypotheses used to explain dissociative disorders is shared by psychodynamic and behavioral theorists? nforcement. Incorrect facing a painful reality. Incorrect 1206 The chief sources of data used to support the theories of psychodynamic and behavioral clinicians are: -scale experimental studies. Incorrect

1207 Kevin studies his history notes and textbook while he is drinking beer. According to some theorists, Kevin would later do better on his history exam if he also had alcohol in his system while taking the exam. These theorists would be basing their claim on:

-dependent learning. (True Answer )Correct -avoidance learning. Incorrect 1208 If you studied for this exam while you were unusually happy, you will probably do best taking it while you are: ly happy. Incorrect 1209 Just after doing well in an intramural basketball gamesomething which left me very happy, and in a high state of excitementI sat down and studied for my abnormal psychology test. Research shows I would perform best on that test if, at the time of the test, I was:

Incorrect 1210 Laurent has three subpersonalities. Jackie emerges when Laurent is in an awkward social situation, Grace surfaces during sporting events, and Carlos appears when Laurent is angry. The therapist believes that the mood and conditions under which each subpersonality appears are critical to understanding this disorder, demonstrating a belief in: -dependent learning. (True Answer )Correct ce. Incorrect 1211 If the state-dependent learning explanation of dissociative disorders is correct, a person may not remember stressful events because he or she is: arousal level after the stress is over. (True Answer )Correct 1212 Which of the following has been proposed as a possible cause of dissociative disorders? self-hypnosis (True Answer )Correct 1213 What characteristic is MOST common to both self-hypnosis and dissociative identity disorder?

something has been forgotten Incorrect 1214 What conclusion does research on hypnosis and hypnotic amnesia support? rsonalities may be faking their condition. Incorrect Answer )Correct -hypnosis relies on different processes and produces different behavioral outcomes. Incorrect 1215 A child in an extremely abusive family situation often seems to become deaf to the verbal abuse, and insensitive to the physical abuse, as if the child simply wasn't there experiencing the abuse. One explanation of this behavior is: -hypnosis. (True Answer )Correct -dependent memory. Incorrect 1216 I was running down a familiar country lane when all of a sudden nothing looked familiar. It took me several seconds to realize where I was, and I continued my run without incident. What I experienced was: -of-the-tongue phenomenon. Incorrect . Incorrect 1217 Just before 8 A.M. (when my first class meets), my young daughter did something that annoyed me as I was about to leave home for the short drive to campus. Katie, I said, what do I always say at a time like this? She looked at the clock, and then said to me, What you say is, 'Where are my keys?' My daughter was apparently familiar with my:

absentmindedness. (True Answer )Correct 1218 A strong feeling of knowing is associated with which of the following?

1219

-of-the-tongue phenomenon (True Answer )Correct

A visual image that is retained so vividly that one can continue to scan it for more information is called:

-of-the-tongue phenomenon. Incorrect 1220 Individuals experiencing dissociative amnesia sometimes are given sodium amobarbital or sodium pentobarbital because those drugs: illness. Incorrect reduce associated symptoms of depression. Incorrect 1221 Psychodynamic therapy may be particularly effective in the treatment of dissociative disorders because: disorders involve some degree of fixation. Incorrect with these disorders. Incorrect )Correct those with dissociative disorders generally do not respond well to drugs and hypnosis. Incorrect 1222 A person diagnosed with a dissociative disorder has recovered almost completely, even though the person had not received any therapy. That person was LEAST likely to have been diagnosed with:

1223 People with which dissociative disorder typically do not eventually recover without receiving treatment?

1224 What effect has the use of sodium amobarbital had in treating dissociative amnesia and fugue? ong after the session. Incorrect

Answer )Correct 1225 In the treatment of dissociative amnesia, sodium amobarbital and sodium pentobarbital work by: nhibitions, thus allowing them to recall unpleasant events. (True Answer )Correct

1226 The first step in treating people with dissociative identity disorder is to: -harm. Incorrect subpersonalities to communicate with one another.

Incorrect 1227 The usual goal of therapy for dissociative identity disorders is to: Incorrect the protector role. Incorrect

ies become subject to the subpersonality that has

1228 All of the following are true about hypnosis, EXCEPT: -like state. (True Answer )Correct

1229 One of the subpersonalities of a person receiving treatment for dissociative identity disorder has just become a protector. How far along in therapy has the person probably progressed? he disorder is diagnosed Incorrect integration (True Answer )Correct subpersonality integration, and before fusion Incorrect ll the way because a protector usually emerges only after successful therapy is over. Incorrect 1230 A client receiving treatment for identity disorder is progressing well through therapy; then, fusion occurs. MOST likely, the client has:

ignificant, but short-term, setback. Incorrect -term, setback. Incorrect 1231 At a workshop about multiple personality disorder, a therapist says, In my experience, once integration begins, the need for therapy is practically over, and later dissociations just don't happen. This therapist's experience is: unusual; most successful therapies cease before integration. Incorrect integration. (True Answer )Correct 1232 The effects of taking hallucinogens accompanied by feelings that objects are changing size, that other people are distorted, and that one might be mechanical is MOST similar to: Incorrect 1233 Depersonalization ________, while derealization _______. ct 1234 Which of the following statements is MOST accurate about depersonalization disorder? ion disorder usually comes on suddenly and may be triggered by extreme fatigue, intense stress, or pain. (True Answer )Correct activity. Incorrect ssors in one's life is not a predictor of depersonalization disorder. Incorrect 1235 Someone who is experiencing doubling is: by proxy. Incorrect 1236

e time. Incorrect

If a person's mental functioning or body feels unreal or foreign, the person is MOST likely suffering from:

1237 Feeling that your hands and feet are smaller or bigger than usual or that you are in a dreamlike state is called:

1238 When a person feels that the external world is removed, mechanical, distorted, or even dead, he or she is experiencing:

1239 I have just arrived in a city where I know no one, and English is not spoken by very many people. I feel as though my mind is separating from my body and I am actually observing myself do things. What I am experiencing is: n disorder. Incorrect 1240 Transient depersonalization and derealization: annot be induced by drugs or meditation. Incorrect -threatening experience. (True Answer )Correct 1241 Depersonalization disorder is most common among those who are:

1242 If I suffer from depersonalization disorder, but the symptoms disappear after a while, they most likely will reappear if I:

691 What would be the criteria used to distinguish between clinically significant fear and anxiety, and everyday fear and anxiety? 692 Using the case study in the beginning of Chapter 4 that illustrates generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), first, define GAD. Then indicate the symptoms the individual presents with, and determine if it meets the criteria for a diagnosis. 693 Write a one- or two-sentence explanation for the development of generalized anxiety disorders from each of the following perspectives: sociocultural, psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive, and biological. 694 Identify and provide examples for each of the following from the cognitive perspectives explanation of anxiety: basic irrational assumptions, metaworries, and intolerance of uncertainty theory. 695 Explain in detail, from a biological perspective, how GABA is related to the experience of anxiety. What are some limitations of this explanation? 696 Using a diagram and accompanying description, illustrate how a behaviorist would explain the development of a dog phobia, using classical conditioning principles. Be sure to identify the components of classical conditioning in your response. 697 In the treatment of specific phobias, describe in detail the following exposure therapies: systematic desensitization, flooding, and modeling. 698 Imagine that a person has a diagnosed panic disorder. Based on the latest research, outline a treatment plan for this person that would have the greatest chance for both short-term and long-term success. 699 Following the example of the case vignettes in the textbook, write a description of someone experiencing an obsessive-compulsive disorder. Include in your description the MOST common themes in obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors. 700 According to the psychodynamic, behavioral, and cognitive perspectives, what causes obsessive-compulsive disorders?

701 The DSM-5 has created a new category called obsessive-compulsive-related disorders. List and describe the four patterns in that group. 702 The physiological and emotional response to a vague sense of threat or danger is usually termed ______. 703 Recurrent and unwanted thoughts or the need to perform repetitive and ritualistic actions is characteristic of ______. -compulsive disorder (True Answer ) 704 Alan is always edgy and nervous and feels there is something to be afraid of but cannot name it. He is MOST likely suffering from ______. -floating anxiety (True Answer ) 705 According to Freud, actual physical danger leads to ______ anxiety 706 Carl Rogers argued that anxiety disorders arise from the failure to receive unconditional positive regard during childhood. The person develops harsh selfstandards, called ______, which he or she tries to meet by repeatedly distorting and denying his or her true experiences. 707 ______ is a neurotransmitter that carries an inhibitory message and has been implicated in anxiety disorders. -aminobutyric acid (True Answer ) 708 Benzodiazepines appear to reduce anxiety by acting on synapses that are mediated by the neurotransmitter ______. -aminobutyric acid (True Answer ) 709 Interestingly, ______ help many people with anxiety disorders. 710

A bio-behavioral technique that allows clients to monitor and control their own physiological functions is called ______. 711 Anxiety can be reduced by teaching clients to use information about their bodies to eliminate certain physical responses and increase others. This approach, called ______, techniques as EMG readings. 712 An uncontrollable and irrational fear of an object, activity, or situation is known as a(n) ______. 713 It is possible that many common phobic reactions can be explained by human beings having a predisposition to develop certain fears. This idea is referred to as _______, 714 After relaxation training, a therapist and client create a fear hierarchy of imagined situations that would provoke anxiety in the client. The next step in therapy is pairing of imagined situations with relaxation. This technique is best described as ______. 715 Therapists who use the technique of ______ believe that people with phobic disorders must be forced to confront what they fear in its full intensity so they will see that no real danger exists. 716 A technique for treating phobias in which the client is repeatedly exposed to the full effect of the fear-creating object without relaxation training is called ______. 717 To treat your fire phobia, your therapist lights a candle, holds it, and permits it to burn a bit. He then invites you to hold the candle. The name of the technique he is using is ______. modeling, or vicarious conditioning (True Answer ) 718 Performance anxiety is a symptom of ______.

719 ______ is a severe, persistent, and irrational fear of situations in which a person may be exposed to scrutiny, such as public speaking or performing. 720 The reason you are afraid to talk in public is because you believe that everyone must love and approve of you. This statement might be made by a therapist practicing ______ therapy. -emotive (True Answer ) 721 A short-term anxiety reaction that accelerates into a smothering, horrifying ordeal in which one loses control, is practically unaware of what one is doing, and feels a sense of approaching doom, is called a(n) ______. 722 Suddenly and without warning, and without apparent cause, Melissa acted as if there was a cataclysmic emergency, and she became paralyzed with fear for several minutes. She probably had a(n) ______. 723 Since the 1960s, the drugs MOST likely to be used against panic disorder have been the ______. 724 Nadia is generally not very anxious. She also does not react as much to bodily sensations that others find anxiety provoking. According to a cognitive explanation for panic attack, she probably has a low degree of ______. 725 Cognitive therapists might train clients to label the sensation of the blood pounding in their veins as physical exertion. This is part of therapy for treating ______. 726 Repetitive thoughts, ideas, impulses, or mental images that seem to invade a person's consciousness, are ______.

727 Repetitive and rigid activities that a person feels forced to perform are called ______. 728 Janet rarely has a calm moment. If she leaves the house, she must go to each window at least 3 times to be sure it is locked. Each appliance receives 4 passes, and doors are examined at least 10 times. Every aspect of her life, at home and away, is affected by her behavior. Janet suffers from a(n) ______. cking compulsion (True Answer ) 729 Meyer's technique, which involves instructing clients not to perform their compulsive behavior, is called ______. 730 ______ procedures involve homework assignments in exposure and response prevention. -help (True Answer ) 731 The neurotransmitter involved in the brain's control of obsessive-compulsive disorders appears to be ______. 732 Obsessive-compulsive disorder is improved by antidepressants that increase ______ activity in the brain. 733 If metabolic activity is any indication, the parts of the brain involved in orbitofrontal cortex disorder are the ______ and the ______. cortex; caudate nucleus (True Answer ) 734 According to the DSM-5, a group of disorders in which repetitive concerns drive people to repeatedly and excessively perform specific patterns of behavior is now called ______ -compulsive-related disorders (True Answer ) 735 Fear differs from anxiety in that:

reat and fear is to an inanimate threat. Incorrect 736 The MOST common mental disorders in the United States are the: personality disorders. Incorrect 737 Which of the following is an anxiety disorder?

738 Every once in a while, Ona feels nervous to the point of terror. It seems to come on suddenly and randomly. Her experience is an example of a(n): t -compulsive disorder. Incorrect

-compulsive disorder (True Answer )Correct

739 Raphael was just outside the parking garage of the World Trade Center when the explosion occurred. At the time he was terrified and had visions of the building falling on him. Ever since the bombing he has had periods of anxiety and sleeplessness. This is an example of a:

740 Leila always feels threatened and anxiousimagining something awful is about to happen. But she is able to work and care for her family, although not as well as she would like. Leila is probably experiencing: e. Incorrect 741 People with one anxiety disorder are MOST likely to: ne anxiety disorder. Incorrect 742

A person who is restless, keyed up, and on edge for no apparent reason is experiencing: -floating anxiety. (True Answer )Correct

743 According to DSM-5 one must demonstrate which of the following set of symptoms in order to be diagnosed with General Anxiety Disorder? ths, restlessness, behavior changes, distress Incorrect Answer )Correct Incorrect 744 Someone interested in the effects of social change, poverty, and race on the risk for generalized anxiety disorders probably represents the ______ perspective. Answer )Correct -existential Incorrect 745 Who wouldn't be afraid all the time? We have the bomb, overpopulation, AIDS, and violent crime everywhere. It is difficult to get a good job unless you understand all that complicated computer junk. This complaint is consistent with a ______ explanation of generalized anxiety disorder. ry for five months, restlessness, behavior changes, distress Incorrect

746 Generalized anxiety disorder is MORE common:

Incorrect 747 One limitation of the sociocultural approach to understanding generalized anxiety disorders is that it cannot explain: , and job opportunity. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct

748 According to Freud, children who are prevented from expressing id impulses making mud pies, playing war, and exploring their genitalsare at risk for developing:

t 749 Which theoretical position explains the origin of anxiety disorders as the overrun of defense mechanisms by neurotic or moral anxiety?

the psychodynamic approach (True Answer )Correct 750 According to Freud, children who are severely and repeatedly punished for expressing their id impulses may develop: wer )Correct 751 According to Freud, a generalized anxiety disorder is MOST likely to result when: ety. (True Answer )Correct 752 Phobic and generalized anxiety disorders arise when people stop looking at themselves honestly and with acceptance and instead deny and distort their true thoughts, emotions, and behavior. This explanation for anxiety disorders would MOST likely be offered by:

753 If you criticized everything you did, looking for flaws, and never could measure up to your personal standards, you would be exhibiting what Rogers called:

theorists. (True Answer )Correct

754

Which theory states that people develop generalized anxiety disorders because they failed to receive unconditional positive regard as children and evaluate themselves with conditions of worth? -centered theory (True Answer )Correct -emotive theory Incorrect 755 Psychodynamic and humanistic therapies have in common: Incorrect heir use of multidisciplinary therapists who work exclusively in group settings. Incorrect 756 How strong is the evidence supporting the usefulness of client-centered therapy for those with generalized anxiety disorder? lient-centered therapy's usefulness are not strongly supported by controlled studies (True Answer )Correct -centered therapy's usefulness are not strongly supported by case reports Incorrect oth case reports and controlled studies Incorrect 757 If I believe that it is a dire necessity for me to be loved or approved by everyone and that it is catastrophic if things are not the way I want them, I am displaying basic:

758 A person who believes that it is awful and catastrophic when things are not the way he or she would like them to be is displaying:

759 A person who believes that one should be thoroughly competent, adequate, and achieving in all possible aspects is displaying:

760

Cognitive therapists believe that generalized anxiety disorder is induced by:

761 If you live in a city, you own your home, and you pay taxes, you are LEAST likely to experience which of the following events next year?

762 Research on the cognitive explanation for the development of generalized anxiety shows that people with generalized anxiety symptoms: hances of being harmed. (True Answer )Correct 763 The most appropriate motto for someone with generalized anxiety disorder is: ve it your best shot. Incorrect 764 Which of the following is an example of a metaworry? Incorrect

765 According to intolerance of uncertainty theory, those with generalized anxiety disorder are: imate the chances that any negative event will occur. (True Answer )Correct ate uncertainty in severely threatening events. Incorrect

766 In terms of cognitive theories explaining generalized anxiety disorder, a good deal of research supports: ct

)Correct 767 Of the following, the BEST description of the avoidance theory of generalized anxiety disorder is:

768 If your therapist gave you homework that required you to challenge your faulty assumptions and replace them with healthier ones, the therapist would be using: -existential therapy. Incorrect -centered therapy. Incorrect -emotive therapy. (True Answer )Correct -physiotherapy. Incorrect 769 The therapy for generalized anxiety disorder developed by Albert Ellis is called: -emotive therapy. (True Answer )Correct -instruction training. Incorrect 770 Your worries? They're only thoughts. Don't try to stop them, but recognize that they're thoughts, and don't let them upset you so much. This statement MOST likely would come from someone using which form of therapy for generalized anxiety disorder? -emotive therapy Incorrect -based cognitive therapy (True Answer )Correct orrect 771 Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: generalized anxiety disorder. Incorrect es support in therapy applications for a wide range of disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder. (True Answer )Correct 772 Teaching people to accept their worries and live in the present moment mindfulness therapyis MOST consistent with which theoretical approach?

f life. Incorrect

773 Until recently, the evidence that generalized anxiety disorder is related to biological factors came largely from:

774 Evidence in support of the biological understanding of generalized anxiety is supported by the finding that: nonrelatives. (True Answer )Correct close relatives. Incorrect Incorrect 775 Benzodiazepines are believed to be effective in treating generalized anxiety disorder because they mimic the effect of ______ at certain receptor sites in the brain. to have it than

776 GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter believed to be involved in reducing the excitability of neurons in the brain, has been implicated in the etiology of:

777 GABA is related to:

True Answer )Correct

778 Which of the following statements is MOST accurate? -term anxiety is related to poor GABA reception. (True Answer )Correct -term anxiety causes poor GABA reception. Incorrect -term anxiety. Incorrect -term anxiety and poor GABA reception. Incorrect 779 If you wanted a drug to improve the functioning of GABA, you would choose:

ain. Incorrect

(True Answer )Correct 780 All of the following are biological treatments for generalized anxiety EXCEPT: ect

781 Which of the following medications works primarily by enhancing GABA? sants Incorrect 782 Disadvantages of taking benzodiazepines include all of the following EXCEPT: on is withdrawn. Incorrect 783 Which of the following is a nondrug biological treatment for anxiety that is in general use today? Incorrect -emotive therapy Incorrect 784 Devon is being treated for anxiety. He is connected to an instrument that records muscle tension. His job is to try to reduce muscle tension. This is an example of:

-instruction training. Incorrect 785 A friend asks you whether to try relaxation training or biofeedback to reduce anxiety. Based on present research, your best answer is: Incorrect 786 According to current research, using relaxation training to treat generalized anxiety disorder is:

than similar treatments such as meditation. Incorrect 787 In order to determine if a person's fear of snakes is severe enough to be categorized as a phobia, you could: w him a snake; if he appears to be very uncomfortable, he most likely has a phobia. Incorrect fear. Incorrect f he says yes, he most likely has a phobia. (True Answer )Correct most likely has a fear. Incorrect 788 An intense, persistent, and irrational fear that is accompanied by a compelling desire to avoid the object of the fear to the point of interfering with the life of the person is called: -compulsive disorder. Incorrect disorder. Incorrect

789 How do phobias and common fear differ?

790 Which of the following is TRUE about specific phobias? (True Answer )Correct

(True Answer )Correct

not appear to be racial differences in the incidence of phobias. Incorrect 791 Of the following, those LEAST likely to experience specific phobias are: n males. (True Answer )Correct 792 Which theoretical position explains the origin of phobias as due to classical conditioning?

behavioral (True Answer )Correct 793 When he was 5 years old, Samir was almost struck by lightning while walking through a forest during a rainstorm. Today, he is extremely afraid of trees. A behaviorist would say that he has acquired this fear by:

794 While walking through a forest during a rainstorm, 5-year-old Samir was almost struck by lightning. Today, as an adult, he is extremely afraid of trees. What is the conditioned stimulus in the example?

795 Davon watched his father recoil from a snake in fear. Now he is afraid of snakes. This apparent acquisition of fear of snakes is an example of:

796 According to behavioral theory, specific learned fears become a generalized anxiety disorder through the process of:

ation. Incorrect

prevention. Incorrect 797 Little Karen was bitten by a tan pony she was riding at a carnival. The experience left her hurt and frightened. The next month she was visiting her uncle, who had a tan Great Dane (dog). It frightened her even though she had never had a bad experience with a dog. Karen's fear of this dog is an example of:

798 When I was a young child and watching TV with my mother, a mouse ran by. My mother screamed, scaring me. Subsequently, I have been afraid of mice. In this example, my mother's scream is the:

Incorrect 799 When I was a young child and watching TV with my mother, a mouse ran by. My mother screamed, scaring me. Subsequently, I have been afraid of mice. In this example, the mouse is the: ed response. Incorrect

800 Research has supported all of the following behavioral assumptions EXCEPT that: modeling. Incorrect Answer )Correct 801 Apparently, people develop phobias more readily to such objects as spiders and the dark than they do to such objects as computers and radios. This observation supports the idea of: ncorrect 802 If the idea of preparedness is accurate, then: with treatmentat about the same rate. Incorrect 803 Which of the following statements accurately reflects what we know from recent studies? s a result of classical conditioning. Incorrect conditioning. (True Answer )Correct

. Incorrect

804 Someone who believes that among our ancestors, those who feared animals, darkness, and heights were more likely to survive long enough to reproduce, represents the ______ explanation of the development of phobias.

805 Someone who believes that experiences teach us early in life that certain objects are legitimate sources of fear represents the ______ explanation of the development of phobias.

806 You are suffering from arachnophobia. Your therapist first has you go through relaxation training, then has you construct a fear hierarchy and, finally, has you go through a phase of graded pairings of spiders and relaxation responses. This approach is called:

807 Pairing the thought of feared objects and relaxation training is:

808 The first step in systematic desensitization treatment is:

-instruction training. Incorrect

809 A phobic person is taken to a snake-handling convention in order to actually confront snakes as part of desensitization training. This is an example of the ______ technique.

810 A phobic person is taught to imagine the feared items as part of desensitization training. This is an example of the ______ technique.

811 Your fear of spiders is debilitating because you are an entomologist. To treat this phobia, your therapist puts you in a room with spiders, even asking you to handle them. This technique might be used in: . Incorrect 812 If you were afraid of dogs and your therapist treated you by interacting with dogs while you watched, you would be receiving: desensitization. Incorrect 813 One procedure used to treat phobic disorders involves having the therapist confront the feared object or situation while the fearful client observes. This is called: (True Answer )Correct 814 In modeling, the client: ines the therapist confronting the feared object. Incorrect 815 Harry is terrified of the snakes that his 8-year-old son brings home. During his therapy, his therapist demonstrated how to handle them. This is a form of therapy based on:

816 A phobic person is exposed to computer graphics that simulate real-world situations. This is an example of the ______ technique

817 Agoraphobia is the fear of:

open spaces or crowds. (True Answer )Correct 818 A woman you know constantly avoids crowded streets and buildings, and she is very reluctant to leave home, even with a friend. Recently, she has started experiencing extreme, sudden fear every time she enters a crowded street. MOST likely, this woman would be diagnosed with:

819 Which one of the following is the BEST example of a broad social anxiety?

t 820 Steve is afraid of eating in public, expecting to be judged negatively and to feel humiliated. As a result, he always makes up excuses when asked out to eat. His diagnosis would probably be: a. Incorrect 821 Which of the following is an example of a specific social anxiety? tornados when a tornado warning is in effect Incorrect 822 Jan is very fearful of speaking in public and will do everything she can to avoid being evaluated by others, which causes her significant impairment. The MOST accurate diagnosis would be:

823 More women than men experience all of the following disorders EXCEPT: -compulsive disorder. (True Answer )Correct

824 An emphasis on the beliefs and expectations that lead someone with a social anxiety disorder to overestimate how bad a social interaction went is characteristic of:

825 Research by cognitive theorists on the topic of social anxiety disorder has shown support for the prevalence of all of the following among those with this diagnosis, EXCEPT: they have occurred. Incorrect

826 A person recently was diagnosed with social anxiety disorder. If this is all the information you have, your BEST guess is that the person is in: social anxiety disorder. Incorrect anxiety disorder. (True Answer )Correct social anxiety disorder. Incorrect gh school, and less likely than average to have a close relative with social anxiety disorder. Incorrect 827 A friend asks you, ?You're taking an abnormal psychology course; what's the MOST effective treatment for social anxiety disorder?? Your BEST research-based answer is: as the best psychotherapy.? Incorrect psychotherapy.? Incorrect apy eliminates symptoms as fast, but not as long, as the best drug therapy.? Incorrect drug therapy.? (True Answer )Correct 828 A friend asks you, I've been diagnosed with social anxiety disorder, and my therapist wants me to use drug therapy, not psychological therapy. What do you think? Based on current research, your BEST answer would be: sts think psychological therapy should always be used, even with drug therapy; there's less chance of relapse. (True Answer )Correct

-term psychodynamic therapy; cognitive-behavioral therapies don't help much. Incorrect social anxiety disorder. Incorrect 829 Imagine that you are being treated for a social anxiety disorder. Your therapist watches you act out a social scene, points out what you did correctly and incorrectly, and praises you for what you did well. Which behavioral technique did your therapist NOT use?

ct 830 A psychotherapist models appropriate social skills for a client with social anxiety disorder, then uses modeling for another client with a phobia for spiders. What the therapist is doing is: kinds of disorders. (True Answer )Correct but seldom used in the treatment of specific phobias. Incorrect but commonly used in the treatment of specific phobias. Incorrect ty disorders,

Incorrect 831 Rosa's heart was racing (from the four cups of coffee she had just finished), but she thought she might be having a heart attack. Her fear seemed to be increasing without end. This might be the beginning of a:

832 You notice someone who is sweating, experiencing shortness of breath, choking, feeling dizzy, and is afraid of dying. If it is not a heart attack, but an indicator of anxiety disorder, it is probably a: t -compulsive response. Incorrect 833 A person who experiences unpredictable panic attacks combined with dysfunctional behavior and thoughts is probably experiencing:

disorder. (True Answer )Correct 834 A person experiencing a panic disorder is MOST likely also to have which of the following? f enclosed spaces Incorrect 835 The phobia MOST often associated with panic disorder is:

836 The drug treatment that is MOST effective in treating panic disorders is like that used to treat:

Incorrect

837 Panic disorder appears to be related to abnormal activity of which neurotransmitter?

838 Antidepressant drugs are frequently effective in treating panic attacks. This may mean that the disorder is related to levels of the neurotransmitter:

839 Which of the following convinces researchers that panic disorder is biologically different from generalized anxiety disorder? (True Answer )Correct 840

The proportion of panic-attack sufferers who are helped at least somewhat by antidepressant drugs is about: percent. (True Answer )Correct 841 Antidepressants and alprazolam (Xanax) have been found to be successful in treating:

-compulsive disorders. Incorrect 842 What type of drug is alprazolam (Xanax)?

843 Which one of the following statements about the use of antidepressants, such as Xanax, to treat a panic disorder is MOST accurate? effective for only about 25 percent of the people who take them.

Incorrect

are lessened. (True Answer )Correct 844 The cognitive explanation for panic disorders is that people who have them:

845 Imagine that someone yells Fire! in a crowded theater, and audience members begin to try to leave the building. Some panic, and begin pushing their way blindly through other people to an exit. This form of panic is: panic disorder experience. Incorrect Incorrect Answer )Correct Incorrect 846 the panic those with panic disorder experience

According to cognitive theorists, people experiencing anxiety sensitivity:

847 People who experience a positive event, get excited, breath harder, and have an increase in their heart rate, then interpret the symptoms as a heart attack, are experiencing what cognitive theorists call:

848 Luis and Ted both get racing hearts once in a while. When it happens to Ted, he panics and thinks he is going to die. Gradually, he has developed these panic attacks if he even thinks that his heart is beating strongly. When Luis's heart starts beating strongly, he looks to his current activity to understand what is producing the sensations (hard work). Ted apparently has a high degree of:

849 Which of the following therapies is an effective long-term, nonpharmacological treatment for panic attack that involves teaching patients to interpret their physical sensations accurately?

ct 850 Imagine that researchers investigating panic disorder gave you a drug that caused you to hyperventilate and your heart to beat rapidly. You would have been given a(n): Incorrect 851 Which of the following is TRUE about drug and cognitive treatments for panic disorder? Incorrect tive treatment is more effective over time, even if the person continues to take medication. Incorrect

)Correct

. Incorrect

852 When someone checks the stove 10 times to make sure it is turned off before leaving in the morning, that person is exhibiting a(n):

853 Religious rituals and superstitious behavior (such as not stepping on cracks) would be considered a compulsive behavior: ily function and cause distress. (True Answer )Correct 854 People who experience obsessions show: s that they can easily ignore and resist. Incorrect 855 What do obsessions and compulsions have in common? arise out of an excessively strong superego. Incorrect 856 Sally is never sure of the right thing to do. She married Tod and has been wondering for years if that was the right decision. She is exhibiting:

857 Which of the following reflects the MOST common obsessive thought? ouch that doorknob, I will be dirty and contaminated. (True Answer )Correct slow death. Incorrect 858 Sam can't leave for work without going back into his house and making sure that he has taken all of his writing materials. He does this several times before he allows

himself to start the car and drive to work. He is frequently late for work because he is so unsure about remembering everything. Sam is displaying:

859 Those who are anxious unless their books are perfectly lined up on their desks and who must eat the food on their plates in a balanced order are exhibiting a:

on. Incorrect 860 A professor who puts on rubber gloves before grading papers and religiously avoids any contact with the hands of students is exhibiting a(n):

861 What is one important way obsessions and compulsions are related? ect 862 A psychodynamic theorist finds that a client is experiencing a battle between anxiety- provoking id impulses and anxiety-reducing ego defense mechanisms. She thinks that this usually unconscious conflict is being played out in an open and obvious manner. She is sure this underlying conflict explains her client's: lized anxiety disorder. Incorrect -compulsive disorder. (True Answer )Correct

863 According to the psychodynamic perspective, if someone keeps engaging in immoral sexual behavior and repeatedly scrubs his or her face and hands in response to those thoughts:

864 According to Freud, obsessive-compulsive disorders have their origin in the ______ development:

865 Psychodynamic therapies as a treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorders: -term rather than traditional ways. (True Answer )Correct the client's behavior. Incorrect 866 Behaviorists believe that compulsive behavior: randomly connected to fearful situations. Incorrect 867 According to behaviorists, why do patients engage in compulsive behaviors? )Correct Incorrect 868 An obsessive-compulsive person who was told that everyone was required to wear shoes at all times in the house and not to vacuum for a week, would be experiencing what therapy procedures? ompulsive behavior Incorrect 869 The therapy Eliot is receiving emphasizes dealing with his compulsions, but not his obsessions. In addition, he does homework in the form of self-help procedures between therapy sessions. Most likely, Eliot is receiving which kind of therapy?

870 Exposure and response prevention as treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder: Incorrect

(True Answer )Correct 871 One of the drawbacks of exposure and response prevention as a therapy is that it: )Correct ions but no compulsions. (True Answer -compulsive clients than do

other cognitive-behavioral therapies. Incorrect 872 Everyone has intrusive and unwanted thoughts. Most people ignore them. But some people blame themselves and expect terrible consequences, so they act in ways they hope will neutralize the thoughts. The type of theorist MOST likely to agree with this quote would be a:

873 According to cognitive theorists, compulsive acts serve to

874 A friend of your says, I'll try to see only the positive side of things, then everything will be OK. From a cognitive perspective, your friend is ______obsessive thoughts. e Answer )Correct

875 Cognitive theorists have found that people who develop obsessive-compulsive disorder also: lower standards of conduct and morality. Incorrect Answer )Correct 876 Which one of these descriptors would be LEAST likely to describe someone experiencing obsessive-compulsive disorder, according to the cognitive perspective? rrect

it, it will actually happen. Incorrect 877 Antidepressants that are effective in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder serve to:

878 For an antidepressant to be effective against obsessive-compulsive disorder, it must:

the brain. Incorrect

879 A neurologist who was working with a person with obsessive-compulsive disorder would be suspicious of abnormality in what region of the brain? cerebral cortex Incorrect 880 Which of the following brain areas have been implicated in obsessive-compulsive symptoms? x and the caudate nuclei Incorrect 881 If you were taking an antidepressant that increases levels of serotonin and improves brain function for symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, you could expect that: -lasting relief of symptoms. Incorrect -term relief, but relapse would occur if you stopped the medication. (True Answer )Correct in the long term. Incorrect 882 The most current research we have suggests that reductions in activity levels in the caudate nuclei among people with obsessive-compulsive disorder result from: -behavioral therapies. (True Answer )Correct

crease norepinephrine activity. Incorrect

Incorrect

those with high levels maintain them.

had the diagnosis. Incorrect 883 A clinician who is not up-to-date uses the term excessive behaviors to describe a category of disorder. According to the DSM-5, that category is now called:

-compulsive-related disorders. (True Answer )Correct 884 If you really wanted to impress your friends, you would refer to hair-pulling disorder by the scientific name:

885 Someone with skin-picking disorder would be LEAST likely to pick skin in which area of the body?

886 My office is a mess; graded tests are in piles on my desk, overflowing bookshelves line the walls, and research materials from years ago occupy boxes on the floor. If I am experiencing a diagnosable disorder, it would MOST likely be in what category? -compulsive-related disorders (True Answer )Correct as Incorrect

887 Which of the following is NOT usually true of those with body dysmorphic disorder? ical treatments. Incorrect -specific behaviors would be considered normal for a teenager. (True Answer )Correct 888 Which of the following behavior patterns is NOT listed in the DSM-5 as an obsessivecompulsive-related disorder? bia (True Answer )Correct

889 Your abnormal-psychology instructor asks in class, What kinds of treatments are commonly used to treat obsessive-compulsive-related disorders? Confidently (and accurately), you reply: -centered therapies and exposure therapies. Incorrect . Incorrect 890 Someone you know who has body dysmorphic disorder is considering plastic surgery. Based on available research, what is your BEST advice? ysphoric symptoms. Incorrect Incorrect actually feel worse afterwards. (True Answer )Correct -third of people who have plastic surgery for body dysphoric disorder later attempt suicide. Incorrect 891 Someone you know has tanorexia, and constantly tries to achieve a darker complexion through sun and tanning booth exposure. The MOST accurate diagnosis for this person is: Incorrect -compulsive-related disorders diagnosis). a is not yet considered a DSM disorder. (True Answer )Correct 892 People who have a biological vulnerability for anxiety that is brought to the surface by social/psychological factors develop generalized anxiety disorders, according to the: -stress model. (True Answer )Correct -behavioral model. Incorrect 893 A comprehensive approach that involves several techniques in treating anxiety disorders is called: atic desensitization. Incorrect

514

If you had only 15 minutes to conduct a preliminary clinical interview, what information would you be sure to try to get, and why? 515 Assume you had to do a clinical assessment, and the only tests you had available to you were the Rorschach, the Thematic Apperception Test, and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Which two would you use, and why? What would be the strengths and weaknesses of the two tests you chose? 516 Your choice: Describe in detail either the MMPI-2 or the TAT, being sure to categorize the test of your choice, and describe its strengths, weaknesses, and applications. 517 Describe the potential negative impact on assessment and/or diagnosis of the following: ethnic minority client, immigrant client, and any particular classification system. 518 Distinguish between neurological tests and neuropsychological tests, giving examples of each, and describing in general how each type of test is used diagnostically. 519 List and describe three important shortcomings of modern intelligence tests. 520 Differentiate among naturalistic observation, analog observation, and selfmonitoring. Be sure to indicate under what conditions each would work best. 521 Describe the purpose and features of DSM-5. Include the difference between categorical information and dimensional information and provide an example of each. 522 A classification system such as the DSM-5 is judged by its reliability and validity. Define and discuss both reliability and validity and why they are important criteria for DSM-5. 523 List four (4) key changes to DSM-5 from its previous edition. 524

Despite the fact that using diagnostic labels for psychological disorders is extremely common, what are some ethical factors one ought to consider in the use of diagnostic labels? 525 Provide evidence that psychotherapy is effective. What elements need to be present for effectiveness? 526 What are the weaknesses in assessment? What can be done to address these weaknesses? Be sure to address reliability, validity, and bias issues. 527 A therapist evaluates a client prior to beginning therapy by compiling detailed information about that individual. This approach is called ______. 528 An analysis of how a person's behaviors are learned and reinforced is called a(n) ______ analysis. onal (True Answer ) 529 The MOST likely theoretical orientation of a clinician who performs a functional analysis of a patient is ______. 530 A test that has a high degree of consistency is said to have good ______. 531 If an examiner administered the same test now and in a week and correlated the results, a low correlation coefficient would indicate poor ______ for the test. 532 If a test result indicates anxiety and there are also reports of anxiety from spouse, parents, and co-workers, that test shows ______ validity. 533 A clinician who uses a published interview schedule is conducting a(n) ______ interview.

534 An assessment tool that consists of unstructured or ambiguous material to which people are asked to respond is called a(n) ______. 535 A projective test that requires the client to describe what is happening in the scene portrayed in a vague picture is the ______. 536 A client has just responded true or false to several hundred statements that may or may not apply to her (e.g., I certainly feel useless much of the time). Minutes later, she receives a profile sheet that evaluates her on 10 clinical scales, including hypochondriasis, depression, and psychopathic deviation. She has completed the ______. -2 (True Answer ) * 537 The technique that records brain waves through the patient's scalp is ______. 538 The method of assessing brain structure that involves taking pictures of brain structure and activity is ______. 539 A person lies on a machine that creates a magnetic field around his head, exciting hydrogen atoms in the brain. The signals given off by these atoms are converted into a detailed picture of the brain. This procedure is called ______. 540 The assessment technique in which clinicians observe clients in their everyday environment, such as a school or home, is called ______. ralistic observation (True Answer ) 541 The inability to see or record all important behavior when making observations is called ______. 542 During clinical observation, the observer becomes fatigued or changes the criteria that he or she has been using. This problem is known as ______.

543 A disadvantage of using clinical observation to assess clients' behavior is that the clinician may be influenced by information and expectations that he or she already has about the client. This problem is known as ______. 544 A clinician asks one of his patients to record the frequency of his hallucinations and the circumstances under which they occur. This technique is called ______. -monitoring (True Answer ) 545 The clinician uses the interpreted assessment information to arrive at a technical description of a disorder called a(n) ______. 546 The DSM-5 requires clinicians to provide both ______ and ______ information as part of a proper diagnosis. 547 The Severity of Illness Rating Scale is used to assess ______. 548 Developers of DSM-5 hope that the categories they have chosen to include allow different clinicians to develop the same diagnosis for the same condition. That is, they hope they have a system with high ______. 549 A classification system is measured by its ______ and ______, which demonstrate the assessment's accuracy in diagnosing mental disorders. 550 People with ______ levels of education are more likely to receive therapy. 551 The major focus of a clinical practitioner when dealing with a new client is to gather what type of information?

552 A mental health practitioner attempts to learn about the behavior and emotional state of each client. This approach to abnormal psychology is called:

Incorrect 553 When graduate schools choose students based on test scores, college grades, and relevant experience, they are engaging in:

554 The process of evaluating a person's progress after being in treatment is called a:

555 A functional analysis involves:

556 One of the assumptions of a functional analysis is that:

Incorrect ng the structure of a person's personality will explain his or her abnormal behavior. Incorrect 557 Another term for developing norms for an assessment tool is:

standardization. (True Answer )Correct 558

If a new test for anxiety is normed on individuals who are waiting to take introductory psychology final exams, the new test is surely lacking: rrect 559 A new test for anxiety shows consistent levels of anxiety across time for people, but very few people have taken the test, and accurate norms don't exist. The test has: te standardization. (True Answer )Correct

560 A clinician has developed a new assessment tool. Clients write stories about their problems, then two different judges independently evaluate the stories in terms of how logically they are written. For this assessment technique to be useful, there must be: . (True Answer )Correct -half reliability. Incorrect retest reliability. Incorrect

561 A panel of psychologists and psychiatrists evaluates the test results and clinical interviews of a client in a sanity hearing. They all arrive at the same diagnosis. The panel has high:

562 A campus newspaper publishes an Exam Anxiety test, which was put together by the newspaper staff one evening just before their publishing deadline. Despite its hasty construction, the test MOST likely has: e validity. (True Answer )Correct 563 An assessment tool asks individuals to record all the times they feel sad, in order to try to measure tendencies toward depression. However, individuals report wide variation from day to day in terms of the number of sad episodes they record. This assessment tool has: retest reliability, and high face validity. Incorrect retest reliability, and low face validity. Incorrect retest reliability, and high face validity. (True Answer )Correct

retest reliability. Incorrect

564 Because people who exhibit mania have very elevated moods, a new test for mania includes questions about how happy the person feels and how often he or she laughs. This test has:

retest reliability, and low face validity. Incorrect

565 A test is constructed to identify people who will develop schizophrenia. Of the 100 people the test identifies, 93 show signs of developing schizophrenia within five years. The test may be said to have high:

retest reliability. Incorrect 566 A new assessment tool does a good job of differentiating those who later will be depressed and those who will not be depressed, and it produces results similar to those of other tools measuring depression. Therefore, the new assessment tool has good:

567 If a new test for assessing anorectic tendencies produces scores comparable to those of other tests for assessing anorectic tendencies, then the new test has high:

retest reliability. Incorrect

568 Clinical interviews are the preferred assessment technique of many practitioners. One particular strength of the interview process is:

it asks only open-ended questions. Incorrect 569 Dr. Martin has just asked a potential client to talk about herself. As she responds, the doctor's next question is based on some interesting point she brought up. There are few constraints on the conversation. Dr. Martin has just:

570 If a clinician begins by asking, Would you tell me about yourself? the clinician is MOST likely conducting a(n):

571 The clinical interviewer MOST interested in stimuli that trigger abnormal responses would have what orientation?

572 Among her other questions, a clinical interviewer asks, How do you feel about yourself today? How do you feel about what's going on in your life? MOST likely, the clinical interviewer's orientation is:

)Correct 573 If a clinician is particularly interested in a client's family background and community influences, MOST likely, that clinician's orientation is:

. Incorrect 574 If a clinician is particularly interested in a client's family medical history, that clinician's orientation is MOST likely:

575 An interviewer who asks a client questions such as Where are you now?, Why do you think you're here?, or even Who are you? is probably conducting a(n): view. Incorrect 576

A patient complains of a phobia. Two lines of questioning by the clinician concern the specific object of the phobia and what the person does when he or she confronts that object. This clinician's orientation is probably:

577 One limitation of the clinical interview as an assessment tool is that: approach is too rigid. Incorrect 578 Which of the following is a reason to question the validity of clinical interviews? eople respond differently to different interviewers. Incorrect pathology. (True Answer )Correct 579 Your friend says, I always trust my first impressions, especially when my first impression of someone is negative. Based on research dealing with clinical interviews, your BEST answer would be: ight; that's what the research shows. Incorrect may be inaccurate. (True Answer )Correct favorable first impressions. Incorrect unfavorable first impressions. Incorrect 580 Personality assessment using projective tests is designed to: l analysis of the client. Incorrect ns. Incorrect 581 The assumption behind the use of projective tests as assessment tools is that: that the clinician can observe. Incorrect 582 A clinician has developed a test that requires test takers to tell stories about a series of pictures of city skylines. MOST likely, this new test is a ith

583 When Rorschach testers ask questions like, Did the person respond to the whole picture or to specific details, and to the colors or the white spaces? they are interested in the ______of the response.

584 When a clinician using the Rorschach focuses on the actual images that a person sees, the clinician is emphasizing:

585 The only test among the following that is NOT a projective test is the: chach. Incorrect -a-Person Test. Incorrect 586 A patient looks at a series of black-and-white pictures, making up a dramatic story about each. The patient is taking:

587 If a clinician focused on where you placed your drawing on the page, the size of the drawing, and the parts you omitted, you MOST likely took which of the following tests?

588 Use of projective tests has decreased in the past few decades because projective tests often have:

-a-Person (True Answer )Correct

589 Which of the following statements about the use of projective techniques by today's clinicians is TRUE? Answer )Correct clinicians rely on projective tests as a primary source of insight about their patients. Incorrect they did 50 years ago. Incorrect 590 Which of the following tests is a personality inventory? -a-Person Incorrect -2 (True Answer )Correct 591 Clients check off either Applies or Does Not Apply to a series of 200 items dealing with what they do and what they think in a variety of situations. The kind of test they are taking MOST likely is a:

-completion test. Incorrect 592 The test that reports one's results on clinical scales such as hypochondriasis (HS) and Psychopathic deviate (PD) is the: -Completion Test. Incorrect -Motor Gestalt Test. Incorrect ltiphasic Personality Inventory. (True Answer )Correct

593 Youssef is the kind of person who breaks laws and rules with no feeling of guilt and is emotionally shallow. He would probably score high on the MMPI-2 scale called: hrenia. Incorrect 594 George is consumed with concern that his house will burn down. Before he leaves, he makes sure that all his appliances are unplugged. He often has to go back home and check to make sure he did not leave any plugged in. Which MMPI-2 scale would he MOST likely score high on?

595 Of the following, who is MOST at risk for misinterpreting a cultural response as pathology? -minority client Incorrect -culture assessor (True Answer )Correct -minority assessor Incorrect

596 The MMPI-2 is considered by many to be superior to the original MMPI because the MMPI-2: 597 Compared to projective tests, personality inventories: ect

598 Among the following, the test with the highest validity in identifying psychological disturbances is the: pperception Test. Incorrect -a-Person. Incorrect 599 Compared to projective tests, personality inventories generally have: ty. (True Answer )Correct

600 If a clinician wanted to know more detailed information about a person's functioning in a specific area, the clinician would use:

601 An inventory that asks about one's level of anxiety, depression, or anger is a(n) ______ inventory.

602

An inventory that asks about how one would act with others in a variety of situations is a(n) ______ inventory.

603 A response inventory that asks individuals to provide detailed information about their typical thoughts and assumptions is a(n):

604 Which of the following is designed to disclose a patient's thoughts and assumptions? -2 Incorrect

605 Which of the following is a valid critique of the use of response inventories? correct -tested.

(True Answer )Correct 606 A person taking a polygraph test is suspected of lying when measures of physiological variables such as heart rate and perspiration are: h for test and control questions. Incorrect

607 A client is hooked up to an apparatus that measures galvanic skin response and blood pressure, after which the client verbally answers a series of questions. The type of clinical test being used is:

608 Which of the following is NOT a form of neuroimaging? orrect

609 Imagine that you are asked to give a scientific opinion on the use of polygraphic evidence. Your BEST response would be: reliable. (True Answer )Correct

610 If your friend had her brain waves recorded in order to measure electrical activity, she MOST likely had a(n):

611 The assessment instrument MOST likely to be used to detect subtle brain abnormalities is the:

612 The technique that uses X-rays of the brain taken at different angles to create a static picture of the structure of the brain is called:

613 How does an MRI make a picture of the brain? -rays, and pictures are taken at several different angles. Incorrect Answer )Correct e

Incorrect 614 If it were necessary to get the clearest and most accurate picture of the physical anatomy of the brain in order to aid in the diagnosis of a psychological disorder, the method of choice would be: -2. Incorrect

615 A friend of yours is required to take a polygraph test as part of a job application. This requirement is: illegal; polygraph tests can't be used as part of a job application. Incorrect disappeared today. Incorrect increase. (True Answer )Correct sector job applications. Incorrect 616 A prisoner eligible for parole is required to take a polygraph test. Although the prisoner tells the truth in response to one question, the polygraph operator records the response as a lie. According to recent research, this kind of error is: -third of true statements are interpreted as lies. Incorrect percent of true statements are interpreted as lies. (True Answer )Correct 617 When a person has organic brain impairment, that person would MOST likely have difficulty completing: -Motor Gestalt Test (True Answer )Correct 618 A clinical diagnostician is dissatisfied with tests that cannot specify the type of brain damage or brain impairment that clients have. Your BEST suggestion for that diagnostician would be to use: -Motor Gestalt Test. Incorrect ncorrect 619 Binet and Simon are known for their work in creating a(n): e Answer )Correct 620 A person with a mental age of 10 and a chronological age of 8 has an IQ of: the

621 Which category of clinical tests tends to have the BEST standardization, reliability, and validity?

622 A strength of intelligence tests include their: racial or cultural bias. Incorrect

623 The MOST legitimate criticism of intelligence tests concerns their: 624 A therapist's preferred method of assessing abnormal behavior is to watch clients in their everyday environments and record their activities and behaviors. This approach is known as: -monitoring. Incorrect

625 A clinician who is using naturalistic observation would be MOST likely to do which of the following? child interactions in an office setting Incorrect child interactions in the family's home (True Answer )Correct -monitor family interactions in an office setting Incorrect -monitor family interactions at home Incorrect 626 Under the instructions of a psychologist, Tina's mother records the number of times Tina hits her brother at home, and what happens immediately prior to the hitting. In this situation, Tina's mother is: swer )Correct -monitoring behavior. Incorrect 627 The knowledge that a person a clinician is about to interview has already been diagnosed as having an anxiety disorder could lead to:

628 One way a clinician might try to reduce observer drift would be to: e the number of different behaviors being monitored. Incorrect t before making observations. Incorrect 629 How difficult is it for a typical person to buy an intelligence test, or view Rorschach cards? (True Answer )Correct hat difficult; one can buy intelligence tests online, but cannot view Rorschach cards online. Incorrect intelligence tests online. Incorrect psychological professions can view Rorschach cards online, and buy intelligence tests online. Incorrect 630 I've just experienced overload, says the participant observer. I simply can't: )Correct

631 Imagine that you know you are being observed and you change your behavior in order to make a good impression. This is known as:

632 A student who is quiet in class might be the life of the party on the weekend. Clinical observation of that student in class would lack:

633 A client reports having infrequent, but extremely disturbing, tactile hallucinations. The MOST useful of the following ways to gather information about this person would involve: -monitoring. (True Answer )Correct

634 When someone is watching, Jennifer actually eats fewer sweets than usual. This tendency to decrease a behavior while being observed is an example of:

ability. Incorrect 635 An adult frequently displays symptoms of depression at home, but seldom does so at work. In this case, clinical observations of this person at home would lack: Incorrect -situational validity. (True Answer )Correct

636 The term used to refer to the comprehensive view of the causes and the maintenance of a person's abnormal behavior that a psychologist develops is: ect 637 Deciding that a client's psychological problems represent a particular disorder is called: rrect 638 Symptoms such as sadness, loss of appetite, and low energy cluster together to form a:

639 A cluster of symptoms that go together and define a mental disorder is called a:

640 Of the following statements, which is MOST accurate? DSM in some form has been in use for over 100 years. Incorrect Incorrect

developed. Incorrect The classification system Emil Kraepelin developed served as the model for the DSM. (True Answer )Correct 641 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (presently DSM-5) was developed by: t

642 If a clinician is using the ICD to make a diagnosis, MOST likely that clinician is: -fashioned; the ICD has been out-of-date for over 30 years. Incorrect -behavioral in orientation; the ICD was developed by cognitivebehavioral psychologists. Incorrect 643 DSM-5 is the classification system for abnormal behaviors that is: rect 644 Approximately how many mental disorders does the DSM-5 list? ing in the United States. Incorrect

645 The DSM-5 is the first edition of the DSM that requires clinicians to provide:

her categorical information nor dimensional information. Incorrect 646 Which of the following differentiates the DSM-5 from earlier versions of the DSM? -5. Incorrect not psychologists, are primarily responsible for the DSM-5. Incorrect -5 does not require both dimensional and categorical information. Incorrect -5 requires both dimensional and categorical information. (True Answer )Correct

647 A friend says to you, I wonder how likely I am to qualify for a DSM diagnosis in my lifetime. Based upon survey results, your MOST accurate answer would be (assuming your friend is typical): diagnosis. Incorrect diagnosis. Incorrect -third of people would ever qualify for a DSM diagnosis. Incorrect ever qualify for a DSM diagnosis. (True Answer )Correct 648 Of the people who would qualify for a DSM diagnosis in their lifetime, surveys show what percent would show comorbidity? bout 8 percent Incorrect 649 The existence of disorders such as koro, susto, amok, and windigo remind us that: things. Incorrect disorders around the world, but call them different

Answer )Correct 650 Assessment tools such as the Severity of Illness Rating Scale are used to provide what kind of information for making a diagnosis?

651 A clinician can include three kinds of information in making a diagnosis: a diagnostic category, a severity rating for the disorder, and additional information about possibly relevant medical conditions and sociocultural factors. According to the DSM-5, a clinician is required to include: Incorrect Answer )Correct ategory and a severity rating, but only additional medical information Incorrect

652 Compared to the original DSM, which appeared in the 1950s, the DSM-5 has: nostic categories. Incorrect 653 Dr. Ross and Dr. Carman agree that Suzette is suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder. Their judgment is said to have:

654 The greater reliability of the DSM-5 over earlier versions is MOST likely because of its: of disorders more accurately. Incorrect

655 Which of the following is NOT a procedure that DSM-5 developers relied on to improve reliability? )Correct

research reviews Incorrect

656 Concerns about the reliability and validity of the DSM-5 diagnoses are MOST likely to center on which factors? reflecting bias (for example, gender or racial bias) (True Answer )Correct racial bias). Incorrect ories too few in number to represent the breadth of human psychological disorders Incorrect 657 DSM-5 tried to ensure the validity of the new edition by using all of the following procedures EXCEPT: ct

658

The DSM-5 task force and various work groups: ithin a year of the publication of the DSM-IV. Incorrect

659 A present-day clinician uses terms like dementia and mental retardation for diagnostic categories. That clinician is using terms: -5 and previous forms of the DSM. Incorrect -5 but used in previous forms of the DSM. (True Answer )Correct the DSM-5 but not used in previous forms of the DSM. Incorrect -5 or in previous forms of the DSM. Incorrect 660 In DSM-5, which of the following diagnostic categories would no longer be considered an anxiety disorder? er's syndrome Incorrect -compulsive disorder (True Answer )Correct 661 Studies show that if you want the MOST accurate assessment of a psychological disorder, what is better, judgments of clinicians or computer models and actuarial tables? accurate Incorrect more accurate (True Answer )Correct more accurate Incorrect 662 Studies show that errors in diagnosis MOST commonly involve information gathered: early in the assessment process, and in a hospital setting. (True Answer )Correct process, and in a private office setting. Incorrect 663 Studies of diagnostic conclusions made by clinicians show that: Incorrect information. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect and too little to other

bles; they're about 10 percent

664 Recently, a client diagnosed with schizophrenia has begun to exhibit more symptoms, often saying, They tell me I'm crazy, so I must be crazy. MOST likely, this is an example of: -fulfilling prophecy. (True Answer )Correct sness. Incorrect 665 An institutionalized individual behaving abnormally says, The doctor claims I'm schizophrenic! How else would you expect me to act? The individual's comments reflect: ading-in-syndrome. Incorrect -fulfilling prophecy. (True Answer )Correct 666 After some people are told their DSM diagnoses, their symptoms appear to stay the same or even get worse. Many theorists would attribute this to the development of: -fulfilling prophecies. Incorrect 667 Surveys show that over 1/3 (33 percent) of Americans: Incorrect to get a required diagnosis. Incorrect 668 A friend of yours says, I'm not going to the counseling center; my friends will think I'm mentally ill! Your friend's attitude is: -third of people surveyed expressed a similar opinion. (True Answer )Correct opinion. Incorrect only about 2 out of 100 people surveyed expressed a similar opinion. Incorrect 669 Let's just do away with diagnosis, says a clinician, all we do is make things worse. That clinician's viewpoint is: area of abnormality. Incorrect -tenth of people surveyed expressed a similar

)Correct -5, which does not require a specific diagnosis. Incorrect 670 A clinical psychologist you know says, How do I decide on the best treatment? Simple, I make sure to read the most recent research studies in therapy, and follow their advice. The clinical psychologist you know is: l therapists read about and use the most current forms of therapy. Incorrect Incorrect can read in research journals. (True Answer )Correct on Web sites. Incorrect 671 A clinical psychologist you know says, How do I decide on the best treatment? Simple, I make sure to read the most recent research studies in therapy, and follow their advice. The clinical psychologist believes in using: -based treatment. Incorrect -constrained treatment. Incorrect -based treatment. (True Answer )Correct -analytical treatment. Incorrect 672 Studies show that most therapists these days are MOST likely to learn about the latest information on treatment of psychological disorders from: colleagues. (True Answer )Correct 673 Therapies that have received clear research support are called: -analyses. Incorrect -based. (True Answer )Correct 674 Standardizing and combining the findings of many different studies is called:

675

-analysis. (True Answer )Correct

In order to study the general effectiveness of treatment, Smith and Glass and their colleagues performed a(n): -analysis of many studies. (True Answer )Correct ct conditions. Incorrect 676 Support for the use of evidence-based forms of psychotherapy: Correct 677 Patients receiving therapy for a psychological problem, on average, experience improvement greater than do ______ of people with similar problems who do not receive treatment.

678 Those who are MOST likely to visit suicide sites on the Internetsites that celebrate suicide and describe ways to commit suicideare: l behavior.

Incorrect

(True Answer )Correct 679 If you consulted a pro-anorexia site on the Internet, you would learn about: how to eliminate guilt when eating too much. Incorrect 680 You know, it really doesn't matter. One kind of psychotherapy is generally just about as good as any other. One who agrees with this statement is: Incorrect -analyses. Incorrect 681

The movement that has tried to find the common strategies that good therapists use is called: t 682 A college graduate is: Incorrect postgraduate degree to seek therapy. (True Answer )Correct 683 A person who primarily prescribes medication but does not conduct psychotherapy is called a: Incorrect

684 Surveys of very successful therapists show that they generally do all of the following EXCEPT: when they think their clients might benefit. (True Answer )Correct

therapists. Incorrect 685 A psychiatrist says, I'm a strong believer in a combined approach to therapy. In fact, I frequently participate in combined approaches, although I don't do psychotherapy. Based on this statement, the MOST likely specialty of the psychiatrist is:

686 Those who are MOST likely to have been in therapy at some time in their lives are those: n, and the elderly. Incorrect -aged, and women. (True Answer )Correct

-behavioral. Incorrect

687 Which of the following is the BEST conclusion you could draw about the effectiveness of the various assessment techniques? )Correct

have abandoned the use of assessment. Incorrect

688 If a graph shows the years of the twentieth century along the horizontal axis, and confidence in assessment of abnormality?from low confidence to high confidence?going up the vertical axis, then confidence in assessment of abnormality over the past 50 years would be a(n): -shaped function?high, then low, then high. (True Answer )Correct -shaped function?low, then high, then low. Incorrect \)?steadily decreasing confidence. Incorrect 689 Which of the following factors leads to increased respect for assessment and diagnosis? -IV-TR categories Incorrect ients Incorrect 690 There has been a recent increase in attention to and research in assessment. That said, use of effective assessment tools may be decreasing because: assessment tools are too simplistic, and patients can figure out the right answers. Incorrect 343 Discuss how the humanistic-existential model and the biological model differ in their understanding of causes of abnormality. 344 Choose any two of the following modelspsychodynamic, behavioral, and sociologicalthen describe how each could explain an abnormal fear of dogs. 345 What are some advantages and disadvantages of using drugs in psychotherapy? 346 If a friend of yours needed to be treated for depression, what would be advantages and disadvantages of your friend receiving either psychodynamic therapy or

cognitive therapy? Which of these two alternatives would you recommend to your friend? 347 Group therapy, family therapy, and couple therapy were described in the FamilySocial section of Chapter 3. However, therapists who use these types of therapy often follow other models. Please describe how a therapist following either a behavioral or a humanistic model might do therapy, using one of the three forms of therapy referred to in the second essay question. 348 One unique part of the sociocultural model is the community treatment aspect, a key component of which is prevention. How do community treatment advocates accomplish prevention? 349 Define primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Provide an example of each. 350 Discuss the reasons that culture-sensitive therapy arose and the challenges it seeks to address. 351 Please describe the origins of abnormality according to any three of these models of abnormality: sociocultural, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, humanisticexistential, biological. 352 Explain the biopsychosocial approach to understanding the causes of abnormality. Provide an example of how this approach might be applied to the causes of depression. 353 Many clinicians view their approach as eclectic. What is an eclectic approach to abnormality? Describe at least one example of an eclectic approach to abnormality. 354 The explicit set of basic assumptions that gives structure to the understanding and investigation of an area is called a(n) ______. 355 According to the ______ model, physical processes are the cause of all human behavior.

356 According to psychoanalytic theory, the basic part of the personality focused on instinctual needs is the ______. ) 357 The superego can also be called the ______. 358 Ramon tries not to do bad things (he feels guilty when he does) and to live up to his parents' expectations. According to psychoanalytic theory, he has a well-developed ______. 359 Infants are in the ______ stage, according to psychoanalytic theory. 360 Adolescents are in the ______ stage, according to psychoanalytic theory. 361 Relationships are the focus of the psychodynamic approach called ______ theory. 362 The patient says whatever comes into her mind in the psychodynamic technique called ______. 363 If a patient changes the subject during psychodynamic therapy, the therapist might interpret it as ______. 364 The underlying symbolic meaning of a dream is its ______ content. 365 When a person describes a dream, he or she is MOST likely describing the ______ content.

366 Learned behaviors are the focus of the ______ approach. 367 You have a slightly depressed child and decide to treat this condition by responding to the child only when he does or says happy things. Your response to the child is a(n) ______, according to the behavioral model. 368 According to the behavioral model, learning through observation is called ______. 369 Learning without direct reinforcement but by watching others is part of the behavioral approach. It is called ______. 370 Two-year-old Carol watches a cooking show on television and then goes into the kitchen to bake a cake. This is an example of ______. 371 If a friend bites into a grapefruit in front of you, you are likely to salivate. The sight of the grapefruit is a(n) ______. mulus (True Answer ) 372 The MOST common technique used by behavioral therapists to treat phobias is ______. 373 Self-confidence is similar to the concept of ______ in Bandura's behavioral approach. f-efficacy (True Answer ) 374 The ______ model focuses on the processes and content of thinking. 375 People get depressed because they have depressing thoughts. This statement is consistent with the ______ model. itive (True Answer )

376 Challenging a client's inaccurate assumption is a specific feature of ______ therapy. 377 Albert Ellis believes that abnormal behavior stems from a set of ______ that some people hold. assumptions and attitudes (True Answer ) 378 The role of values and free choice is the central focus of the ______ model. -existential (True Answer ) 379 Living an authentic life is a goal of ______ therapy. 380 According to Rogers' humanistic approach, children need ______ to later selfactualize. 381 Rogers' humanistic approach to therapy involves the use of support and acceptance for everything that the client says. This is called ______. 382 In science, the perspectives used to explain phenomena are known as:

383 The model or paradigm an investigator uses influences: )Correct 384 The paradigm or model adopted by people in the Middle Ages to explain abnormal behavior would have been:

rrect

385 The model of abnormality that cites physical processes as being the key to behavior is the:

logical. (True Answer )Correct

-existential model. Incorrect 386 The model of abnormality that examines the effects of society and culture is the:

387 The model of abnormality that focuses on unconscious internal processes and conflicts in behavior is the:

-existential model. Incorrect

388 Understanding a person's unconscious processes is critical in explaining abnormality. Which model of abnormality does this quote MOST closely represent?

humanistic-existential Incorrect 389 The model of abnormality that focuses on learning is the:

390 The model of abnormality that concentrates on thinking is the:

-existential model. Incorrect

391 Abnormal behaviorsindeed, all behaviorsare acquired through learning. Which model of abnormality does this quote MOST closely represent?

392 The model of abnormality that focuses on the role of values and choices in behavior is the:

-existential Incorrect

-existential model. (True Answer )Correct 393 Imagine that you subscribe to the sociocultural model of abnormality. Which of the following would be a part of your paradigm? -existential model Incorrect -social perspective (True Answer )Correct 394 One who believes the multicultural perspective is the correct way to think about abnormality comes from which of the following paradigms?

395 Huntington's disease, which has psychological as well as physical aspects, results from loss of cells in the:

-cultural Incorrect

396 Messages moving from neuron to neuron must cross tiny spaces called:

397 Depression has been linked to which neurotransmitter abnormality? dopamine Incorrect 398 Abnormal chemical activity in the body's endocrine system relates to the release of: neurotransmitters. Incorrect

399 Identifying which genes help cause various human disorders rests with the ability to: enes. Incorrect 400 One who takes an evolutionary perspective with respect to abnormal behavior would be MOST likely to agree that: Incorrect )Correct 401 Critics of the evolutional perspective of abnormal behavior cite all of the following EXCEPT: havior is fundamentally different.

on an interaction of genes and environment. Incorrect 402 Current research suggests that schizophrenia may be related to: swer )Correct 403 An important factor to consider in using drugs for the treatment of abnormality would be that: forms of treatment. Incorrect schizophrenia. Incorrect 404 Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used MOST often in the treatment of:

405

When a subject is participating in the final testing phase of a drug study, which of the following is taking place? is being tested on animals. Incorrect -term effects. Incorrect Answer )Correct 406 During the preclinical phase of a drug study, researchers are: -term and unexpected side effects. Incorrect approval. Incorrect 407 An assumption of determinism is that abnormal behaviors: fects. (True

unconscious conflicts. Incorrect 408 Which of the following is TRUE of psychological conflicts according to psychoanalysis? problem when they reach consciousness. Incorrect Incorrect 409 Freud believed that the three central forces that shape the personality were the: Incorrect

410 The ______ operates in accord with the pleasure principle.

411 Barney's mother is taking cookies out of the oven. Which of the following would suggest most strongly that the id is firmly in control of Barney's behavior?

Incorrect

Barney asks for some cookies in a whiney voice and throws a tantrum when he is denied. Incorrect 412 Freud believed that the source of energy that fuels the id: Incorrect 413 According to Freud, a woman's pleasure from nursing her baby is reflected in which part of the personality?

414 Infants tend to do things that feel good. This is in accord with what Freud called:

415 What is libido?

ct

416 The part of the personality that guides us to know when we can and cannot express our impulses is the: orrect

417 According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, the part of the personality that is the conscience is the:

ideal. Incorrect 418 What we would call conscience is MOST like what Freud would call the:

419 A woman has had an abortion for which she feels very guilty and as a result takes a strong pro-life stance. The defense mechanism that BEST explains her behavior is:

420 A patient's initial reaction to being told she has an STI is to insist that the nurse made a mistake with the test. The defense mechanism that BEST explains this behavior is:

421 You blame your poor performance on a test that you didn't study for on all the other work you had to do. The defense mechanism that BEST explains your behavior is: n. Incorrect 422 According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, ineffective interaction of the id, ego, and superego can lead to entrapment at a developmental level. This is called: Incorrect 423 According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, at birth the child is in the:

orrect

424 A general term used for theories such as Freud's, Adler's, and Jung's is:

425 The motivation to form relationships with others is a central theme of:

426 ?The force that operates on the 'reality principle' is an independent, powerful force in human functioning.? The kind of theorist who would agree MOST strongly with this statement would be a(n) ______ therapist.

427 The role of the unified personality is a central theme of:

428 The model MOST likely to suggest using free association to uncover unconscious processes is the ______ model. -existential Incorrect 429 Colin is asked to free associate about his mother's new husband and he responds by changing the subject. A psychodynamic therapist would consider this an example of:

430 The model MOST likely to predict that transference will occur during therapy is the ______ model. -existential Incorrect 431 The model MOST likely to use terms such as resistance and transference is the ______ model. orrect -existential Incorrect 432

According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is TRUE regarding dreams? desires and needs. (True Answer )Correct 433 According to Freud, another term for the symbolic meaning of dreams is:

434 If a patient relives past repressed feelings, that patient is said to have experienced ______, according to psychoanalysts.

435 Teresa has been told that her course of therapy is likely to take a year or more because it involves the reshaping of her personality and that takes many sessions. Her therapy is MOST likely: -centered therapy. Incorrect -behavioral therapy. Incorrect -humanistic therapy. Incorrect

436 A patient participates in weekly therapy for several years, gradually becoming aware of the impact of early life events on present functioning. The form of psychotherapy the patient is receiving is called: Incorrect 437 If a patient chose a dynamic focus for therapy, the patient would MOST likely be receiving: t 438 Which of the following dreams is the MOST common? -term psychodynamic therapy. (True Answer )Correct

orrect 439 Evidence in support of the psychodynamic model has come primarily from: -based human experimentation. Incorrect -world settings. Incorrect ct 440 Evidence of the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapy: -blind studies. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 441 Evidence that supports the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapies has come from:

carefully controlled experiments. Incorrect 442 Theory focused on learned responses to the environment is usually described as:

443 When a young child yells and throws toys (temper tantrum), the parents give the child a good deal of attention. As time goes on, the temper tantrums become more and more common. A behavioral psychologist would say that the temper tantrums result from: lved intrapsychic conflict. Incorrect

444 The only time that Timmy gets attention is when he misbehaves in a bizarre way. This is an example of:

445

Animals and humans learn without reinforcement. They learn just by watching. This form of learning is called:

446 Jamal observed his parents' generous behavior throughout his childhood. As a result, he developed a positive and generous attitude toward the world. According to the behavioral model, Jamal has acquired his lifestyle through the process of: -actualization. Incorrect 447 The model MOST likely to emphasize the importance of one's history of conditioning as the source of depression is the ______ model. -existential Incorrect 448 The model emphasizing the importance of conditioning in determining human actions is the ______ model. -existential Incorrect 449 When I was young, I met a large dog. I wasn't afraid of the dog, but as I tried to pet it, the dog snarled and jumped at me. I have been afraid of dogs ever since. A therapist who assumes that this sentence describes a phobia acquired from classical conditioning MOST likely favors which model of abnormality? -existential Incorrect

450 A child is bitten by a vicious dog in front of a park. The child is later very afraid of the park. According to classical conditioning, the park is a(n):

451

A previously neutral environmental event that becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus is called a(n):

452 If you imagine biting into a big, juicy, sour lemon, you are likely to salivate. The lemon is an example of a(n):

453 If you close your eyes and imagine biting into a big, sour lemon, you are likely to salivate. The salivation to this imagery is an example of a(n):

se. Incorrect 454 The first step in using the treatment called systematic desensitization is to: ect )Correct 455 A client in a totally relaxed state vividly imagines formerly anxiety-arousing situations without feeling any lingering anxiety. MOST likely, that client has just completed what type of therapy?

456 Systematic desensitization has been shown to be especially effective in the treatment of:

457 Today, ______ clinical psychology is the MOST popular theoretical orientation among professional psychologists.

458 Behavior therapy: es not have associated therapeutic techniques. Incorrect 459 If you believe that you can master and perform needed behaviors whenever necessary, Bandura would say that you had a positive sense of: Incorrect -efficacy. (True Answer )Correct 460 Thoughts, as well as overt behaviors, are acquired and modified by various forms of conditioning. The orientation of the author of this quote MOST likely would be: -behavioral. (True Answer )Correct -existential. Incorrect -Gestalt. Incorrect -efficacious. Incorrect 461 An athlete who is in fact well-prepared nevertheless thinks just before a contest, I can't do this! I need to be perfect, and I know I'm going to fail! The theorist who would focus on the athlete's illogical thinking process as a key factor in his subsequent poor performance MOST likely would support which model of abnormality? odynamic Incorrect

462 The form of therapy that helps clients recognize errors in logic, and to try out new interpretations of events, is: . Incorrect 463 Henry goes into a fit of depression and self-abuse when anyone criticizes or expresses disapproval. Much of what he does is for the purpose of getting people to like him. Cognitive theorists would say that Henry's depression results in large part from:

-efficacy. Incorrect 464 When Jos did not get the job, he was sure that everything was going wrong, that his life was completely off track. This thought is an example of:

465 If a patient is being guided to challenge irrational thinking and to try out new interpretations, the patient is MOST likely being treated by a follower of:

466 If you are being encouraged to see the link between the way you interpret your experiences and the way you feel, and to question the accuracy of your interpretations, you are probably receiving: tive therapy. (True Answer )Correct 467 Regarding attitudes toward therapy, people are MOST likely to agree with which of the following statements? therapist. Incorrect therapist. Incorrect Answer )Correct 468 So-called new wave of cognitive therapy differs from traditional cognitive therapy in that it emphasizes: gets out of hand. (True

469 In mindfulness-based therapy techniques, you would be MOST likely to find clients: tting their thoughts flow, without judgment. (True Answer )Correct

470 When we try to establish how abnormality develops, we need to consider how individuals deal with the meaning of life, and with the value they find in living. A psychologist from which background would agree MOST strongly with this statement? -behavioral Incorrect -existential (True Answer )Correct 471 According to ______, the self-actualization motive plays an important part in human functioning.

472 A therapist who believes people often hide from their responsibilities, and therefore often feel alienated, depressed, inauthenticemptywould MOST likely be: dynamic. Incorrect 473 The model that proposes that humans strive to self-actualize is the ______ model. -existential (True Answer )Correct 474 Humanists would say that an individual who cares about others, is spontaneous, courageous, and independent is: -actualizing. (True Answer )Correct 475 Humans are born with freedom, yet do not 'naturally' strive to reach their full growth potential. The psychologist who would MOST closely agree with this statement would be:

s (True Answer )Correct

mic. Incorrect

476 The social upheaval and soul searching of the 1960s and 1970s in Western society gave rise to which of the following approaches to therapy? ct 477 If you recognize your worth as a person, Carl Rogers would say that you have developed: -regard. (True Answer )Correct 478 The term for the form of psychotherapy pioneered by Carl Rogers is: -centered. (True Answer )Correct h. Incorrect

479 A therapist listens carefully to a client's words, then attempts to show accurate empathy and genuineness. The hope is that the client will self-examine with acceptance and honesty. MOST likely, the therapist is: -behavioral. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 480 If a client-centered therapist were treating a very anxious woman, the therapist would try to: onable ideas and feelings. Incorrect 481 That's all right. You are doing your best, don't worry. I am here for you. A therapist who would say this as a primary part of the therapy process would MOST probably be following the ______ tradition.

482 The model with its roots in the philosophical idea that people are dynamic beings, giving meaning to their existence through their actions, is the:

483 Gestalt therapy is similar to mindfulness techniques in its emphasis on: -playing. Incorrect 484 Which of the following would be MOST likely to use skillful frustration as a part of therapy?

485 Therapists who often deliberately frustrate and challenge their clients, and who often use role playing and a here and now orientation, are: -Freudian. Incorrect -behavioral. Incorrect 486 The view that religious views are defense mechanisms created by people to make life tolerable is MOST characteristic of:

487 Research on the relationship between religious beliefs and psychological health shows that people: )Correct are devout and see God as cold and unresponsive are the healthiest. Incorrect 488 The proper conclusion from research studies that show a relationship between devout religious people who see God as warm and caring and psychological health is that: have a religious community to support them are healthier. Incorrect

)Correct 489 The MAIN concern with the various forms of cybertherapy that are currently being used is: dentiality on the Internet. Incorrect

490 Which one of the following forms of therapy would you NOT currently expect to find in cybertherapy? -mail therapy Incorrect 491 With its emphasis on abstract human values and responsibility, the humanisticexistential model does all of the following EXCEPT: ize health. Incorrect 492 The model of abnormality that pays particular attention to a client's family structure, societal norms, and a client's roles in society is: ve-behavioral. Incorrect 493 Which model of abnormality would focus on factors such as norms, family structure, and support systems, in particular? -behavioral Incorrect 494 David Rosenhan sent pseudopatients to a mental hospital, where they pretended to be disturbed. The results led him to conclude that ______ greatly impacts mental illness. actual symptom Incorrect

495

If someone is isolated and lacks social support or intimacy in his or her life, that person is MORE likely to ______ than someone who has social support and intimacy.

nerations Incorrect 496 Research would lead you to believe that students who have the MOST Facebook friends have: lationships with them. (True Answer )Correct 497 According to family systems theory, families that show disengagement are characterized by: ved in one another's lives. Incorrect -faire parenting style. Incorrect 498 If a mother seems excessively involved in her child's life such that the two do not seem to be independent people, their relationship is said to be:

499 Which of the following phrases would one be MOST likely to hear in a self-help group.

500 If a therapist advised you to pay attention to how you were communicating with family members and to change harmful patterns, the therapist would MOST likely to be practicing: r )Correct -help therapy. Incorrect 501 A primary focus of the community treatment approach to abnormality is:

t 502 Providing treatment as soon as it is needed, so problems that are moderate or worse do not become long-term, is called: correct 503 Which of the following statements about couple therapy is MOST accurate? Incorrect Most people who receive couple therapy report no real improvement in their functioning. Incorrect Incorrect e Answer

)Correct 504 That many people with severe disturbances are not being treated appropriately is MOSTLY a problem with which level of prevention?

505 Regarding the finding that there are more seriously disturbed people among those who are poor, a multicultural theorist would focus on the way in which: s feelings. Incorrect Answer )Correct 506 Current multicultural perspectives are MOST likely to focus on: ticular cultural groups. Incorrect

)Correct 507 Multicultural theorists would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as MOST likely due to: -up. Incorrect

at a lower level of ego functioning. Incorrect 508 In explaining why women are diagnosed with anxiety disorders and depression twice as often as men, multicultural therapists would focus on: he different patterns of communication displayed by men and women. Incorrect 509 A feminist therapist would MOST likely focus on:

ress their femininity. Incorrect 510 All of the following statements would be appropriate criticisms of the sociocultural model EXCEPT: not mean that culture causes the disorder. Incorrect dysfunctional family causing the disorder. Incorrect disorders. (True Answer )Correct particular disorder. Incorrect 511 Which of the following statements is the BEST example of the biopsychosocial perspective? derstanding mental disorders. Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect action of genetic, emotional, and cultural influences. (True Answer )Correct 512 The diathesis-stress model of abnormality emphasizes that: leading to abnormality. Incorrect Answer )Correct Incorrect 513 stress or predispositionis necessary for abnormality to occur.

Which of the following is NOT an example of diathesis in the diathesis-stress explanation of abnormality? )Correct

-crime, impoverished area Incorrect 159 What are important differences between case studies and single-subject experiments? Be sure to mention advantages and disadvantages of each. 160 Case studies can be used to help more than just the one being studied. Briefly describe three ways one could use information gathered from a case study besides helping the one being studied. 161 Imagine you are designing a study to compare school achievement in children whose mothers did and did not drink alcohol during pregnancy. Briefly describe two ways you could ensure that the study has good internal validity and two ways you could ensure that it has good external validity. 162 Using the variables of age and reaction time, draw three hypothetical graphs, one illustrating no correlation, one illustrating a strong positive correlation, and one illustrating a weak negative correlation. Be sure to label the axes and indicate what each graph illustrates. 163 A major shortcoming of a correlational study is that even when a correlation between two variables is statistically significant, one cannot infer causation. For example, a significant correlation exists between life stress and depression, yet one cannot say for sure that life stress causes depression. Given this major shortcoming, what are some specific reasons one might still wish to conduct a correlational study, as opposed to an experimental study (from which one might infer a cause-and-effect relationship)? 164 Suppose you found a strong positive correlation between college GPA and selfesteem. Describe three possible and distinctly different causal explanations for this relationship. 165 Assume that a researcher wishes to do research designed to pinpoint earlychildhood events related to later development of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa. What type of investigation might the researcher use? What would be

potential strengths and weaknesses of the type of investigation you suggest? Finally, are there any ethical concerns the researcher ought to address? 166 Design an experiment to test the hypothesis that older women who take estrogen are less likely to get Alzheimer's disease. Be sure to identify the control group, experimental group, independent variable, dependent variable, and ways to reduce subject and experimenter bias. 167 A researcher wishes to use experimentation to study the effect of stress on the development of abnormal behaviors. Please describe how the researcher might conduct that study, using one of the following three alternatives: a. an experiment involving experimental and control groups b. a natural experiment c. an analogue experiment 168 Briefly describe the ethical issues involved in each of the following types of studies typically involving antipsychotic drug treatments for patients with psychoses: a. new drug studies b. placebo studies c. symptom-exacerbation studies d. medication-withdrawal studies 169 The text discusses how clinical scientists conducting research in abnormal psychology might encounter some challenges particular to this field. Briefly describe three of these challenges. 170 The systematic search for facts through observation and investigation is ______. 171 Sound research in abnormal psychology uses the ______ method. 172

Clinical researchers form general, or ______, knowledge about the nature, causes, and treatments of abnormal behavior. 173 The understanding of human behavior that clinical practitioners seek is usually individual. The term for it is ______. 174 Jason met with a researcher several times. He was interviewed, he took tests, and he was physically evaluated. In addition the researcher studied his school and employment records and interviewed key people in his life. The type of study being done by the researcher is called a(n) ______. 175 Freud's report on Little Hans is an example of a(n) ______. study (True Answer ) 176 A study has ______ when it controls for all variables except the ones being investigated. 177 An investigation is said to ______ when findings of the investigation can be generalized beyond the immediate study. 178 Tall people tend to have larger feet than short people. This statement indicates a(n) _______ correlation between foot size and height. 179 The more television you watch, the lower your grades in school are likely to be. This statement indicates a(n) ______ correlation between hours watching TV and grades. 180 The strength or magnitude of a correlation can vary from ______ to ______. -l, +1, (True Answer ) 181 If a result is statistically significant, it is unlikely to be the result of ______.

182 Correlations cannot be used to conclude that a ______ relationship exists between two variables. l (True Answer ) 183 Any result that is unlikely to be a chance occurrence because calculations indicate that it will occur less than one time in 20 by chance is ______. 184 Studies that determine the incidence and prevalence of a disorder in a given population are called ______ studies. 185 The number of new cases of a disorder that appear during a set period of time is the ______ of that disorder. wer ) 186 If we knew that there were 500,000 total cases of schizophrenia in the United States as of now, we would know the ______ of schizophrenia in the United States. 187 Sammy agreed to be in the study of memory, but he had not anticipated how he would feel about returning to the lab every other year for 10 years. He is involved in a(n) ______ study. -risk (True Answer ) 188 A study of the same individuals on many occasions over a period of time is a(n) ______ study. 189 A tentative explanation or hunch that provides a basis for study is a(n) ______. 190 The type of study that allows a direct determination of a causal relationship between two variables is a(n) ______.

191 Jack was doing a study on anxiety. One group was asked to estimate how many years each had to live. The other group was asked to estimate how many months to their next vacation. He then gave each of his participants the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and scored them. The score on this test is an example of a(n) ______. 192 Ian made the participants in one of his groups anxious by making loud noises but kept the participants in the other group in quiet surroundings. The presence of noise in this case is an example of a(n) ______. 193 Dr. Smith deprived the participants in one group of water and gave water to the participants in the other group. She tested the thirsty group at 9:00 A.M. and the water-satiated group at 4:00 P.M. Now she cannot interpret her results clearly because water deprivation and time of day were ______. (True Answer ) 194 Dr. Han did his experimental manipulation and then tested his experimental group at 9 A.M. and his control group at 9 P.M. His study contains a(n) ______. 195 The nontreated or comparison group that is NOT exposed to the independent variable in an experiment is called the ______. 196 If a participant does NOT know in which condition she is being tested, she is participating in a(n) ______ design. -blind (True Answer ) 197 Dr. Pliny did NOT tell her subjects which group (what level of the independent variable) they were in. She didn't tell them this to guard against ______. 198 In addition to subject bias, the double-blind design guards against ______. 199

Any study that compares the responses of men and women (the independent variable) is BEST described as a(n) ______ design. -experimental (True Answer ) 200 Genie was isolated from human contact and language by her (badly disturbed) parents for most of the first 13 years of her life. The effects of early language deprivation could easily be seen and studied. This is an example of a(n) ______ experiment. atural (True Answer ) 201 If a researcher did a study of anxiety and used cats for subjects instead of people, she would be doing a(n) ______ study. 202 The phase in a single-subject design that is comparable to a control group is the ______. 203 The ______ serves as the control in a single-subject design. 204 Challenges faced by clinical researchers include all of the following EXCEPT: rmal concepts such as mood change is difficult. Incorrect )Correct er, such as gender, race, and culture. Incorrect 205 General principles that explain the underlying nature, causes, and treatments of abnormal behavior are called:

206 A study of a single person that is used to explain the underlying causes or nature of abnormal behavior in that person is consistent with the ______ approach. Answer )Correct

elational. Incorrect

207 Clinical researchers are usually concerned with a(n) ______ understanding of abnormality, while practitioners focus on a(n) ______ understanding. mothetic Incorrect 208 As opposed to clinical practitioners, who search for individualistic understanding of human behavior, clinical researchers search for general truths about abnormality. The approach of clinical researchers is:

209 The clinical practitioner would be MORE likely than the clinical researcher to rely on which method of investigation?

210 Which of the following is the BEST example of the idiographic approach? mong adults Incorrect 211 A case study of a patient includes a history, tests, and interviews with associates. A clear picture is constructed of this individual so her behavior is understood. This approach is:

-cultural method with many participants Incorrect

212 If you were using the scientific method to conduct research in abnormal psychology, you would be seeking: idiographic understanding. Incorrect

213 Which of the following is NOT considered a research method? study Incorrect

214 Experiments are consistent with the ______ approach. c Incorrect 215 The idea that children from single-parent families do show more depression than those from two-parent families is a(n):

216 A friend says to you, I just think the Red Sox win more games on Tuesdays than on any other day. Although your friend's statement is not very scientific, it is a(n): example of a case study. Incorrect 217 Freud's study of Little Hans is an example of:

wer )Correct

218 A psychologist does a study of an individual involving a history, tests, and interviews of associates. A clear picture is constructed of this individual so his behavior is better understood. This study is a(n): rrect 219 Which of the following is an example of a case study? -term study of a clinical client (True Answer )Correct e cases of a disorder in a community Incorrect 220 The controversy regarding research with animals centers on:

(True Answer )Correct Incorrect Incorrect 221 Case studies are useful for: ncorrect -being.

222 Of the following examples of case studies, the one MOST likely to be helpful in the study of abnormality would be a case study including a well-tested, researchsupported form of therapy used to treat a(n): orrect 223 Case studies are useful for all of the following EXCEPT: correct 224 Which of the following is a limitation of the case study? rrect Incorrect 225 Internal validity reflects how well a study: variables except those being studied. (True Answer )Correct

226 If a particular study of alcoholism failed to control for cultural patterns in drinking among participants, the study would have low:

ect 227 The ability to generalize results from a study of certain individuals to other individuals not studied is called:

228 External validity refers to the extent to which the results of a study:

)Correct 229 A psychologist studies memory techniques in adult volunteers and learns how to facilitate memory, then applies the results to a new class of students in a psychology course. This demonstrates faith in: the internal validity of the study. Incorrect

230 One of the problems with animal research is the question of whether the results can apply to human beings. This is a question of:

231 If a study's findings generalize beyond the immediate study to other persons and situations, then the study has:

232 Correlational studies and experiments are preferred over case studies for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: )Correct plicable. Incorrect

233 In correlational research, external validity is established when: resentative of the larger population. (True Answer )Correct 234 The major ethical concern with research on Facebook users is: Facebook users don't always know they are being studied. (True Answer )Correct conducted. Incorrect 235 A researcher is considering whether to gather online data from Facebook users without informing the users that their data are being used. In terms of research ethics, which of the following is the MOST relevant question? ue Answer )Correct Incorrect Incorrect Facebook users? Incorrect 236 In a graph of a correlational study, the line of best fit: the potential risks to

237 A researcher finds individuals who report large numbers of hassles in their lives usually also report higher levels of stress. Those who report fewer hassles generally report lower levels of stress. The correlation between number of hassles and stress level is:

238 The heavier you are, the more food you are likely to eat. If it is true, this statement expresses:

239 If you were to graph the relationship between the numbers of negative life events experienced in the last month and people's perceptions of stress, you would probably find a(n): -sloping line (to the right). (True Answer )Correct -sloping line (to the right). Incorrect

240 Correlation coefficients indicate: )Correct

-and-effect relationship between variables. Incorrect the internal and external validity between variables. Incorrect

241 Which of the following correlation coefficients is of the highest magnitude? .81 (True Answer )Correct +.60 Incorrect .01 Incorrect 242 Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the weakest relationship? .95 Incorrect .06 (True Answer )Correct 243 If the correlation between severity of depression and age is ?05, it means that:

Answer )Correct 244 Which of the following is true of the correlation coefficient?

of depression. (True

between two variables. Incorrect 1.00 to +1.00 and indicates the strength and the direction of the relationship between two variables. (True Answer )Correct relationship between two variables. Incorrect 1.00 to +1.00 and indicates the strength of the relationship between two variables and the total variability of those measurements. Incorrect 245

A friend says to you, Quick! I have to take a test in two minutes. What rule can you give me to help me remember what kind of correlation coefficient shows a weak relationship between two variables? Which of the following would you give to help your friend? one (1) Incorrect variables Incorrect 246 Assume variables X and Y are correlated. A researcher would be able to make the MOST accurate predictions of scores on variable Y if the correlation between X and Y is: .53. Incorrect .88. (True Answer )Correct 247 Which of the following correlations is MOST likely to be statistically significant? .08, based on a sample of 100 people Incorrect .80, based on a sample of 100 people (True Answer )Correct 248 A correlational study of college employees shows a strong positive correlation between self-reported stress levels and days of work missed for illness. From this study, we know that: ariable causes both increases in stress levels and illness. Incorrect person's stress level. (True Answer )Correct 249 The major advantage of a correlational study over a case study is that it:

250 All of the following are merits of the correlational method EXCEPT:

251 If stress levels and physical health are negatively correlated, we know that:

ncorrect 252 A researcher finds a strong positive correlation between ratings of life stress and symptoms of depression. Therefore, the researcher may be confident that: life stress. Incorrect 253 The correlational method and the experimental method are similar in that: ue Answer )Correct

254 Unlike the correlational method and the experimental method, the case study provides:

255 Which of the following results MOST likely are from an epidemiological study? of suicide is higher in Ireland than in the United States. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect milies. Incorrect 256 The form of correlational research that seeks to find how many new cases of a disorder occur in a group in a given time period is termed: incidence). (True Answer )Correct 257 The incidence of HIV+ results on campus tells you: period. (True Answer )Correct he total number of HIV+ cases at a given point. Incorrect

258 The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in older men seen at a clinic tells you the: at the clinic. (True Answer )Correct

259 Studies that determine the incidence and prevalence of a disorder in a particular population are called:

260 The number of new cases of a disorder in a population that emerge in a particular time interval is called the:

261 There were 10 new cases of schizophrenia in a small town in the Midwest this week. This observation refers to the ______ of schizophrenia in this small population.

262 The total number of cases of a disorder in the population is called the:

263 The prevalence rate for a disorder will _______ the incidence rate. ays be higher than Incorrect 264 Describing the number of cases of mental retardation in the children of older mothers in 2005 would be a legitimate goal for a(n) ______ study.

265 The finding that women have higher rates of anxiety and depression than men in the United States is MOST likely due to ______ research.

266 Imagine that a longitudinal study found that children raised by people with schizophrenia are more likely to commit crimes later. This result tells us that (True Answer )Correct hrenic. Incorrect 267 If researchers studied Vietnam veterans for 30 years after the veterans' return from Vietnam, the study would be: nal. (True Answer )Correct 268 If an epidemiological study shows that eating disorders are more common in Western countries than in Eastern ones, we can appropriately conclude: sures in Western countries that contribute to eating disorders. Incorrect Incorrect e cause of such a finding. (True Answer )Correct 269 In a scientific experiment, the variable manipulated or controlled by the experimenter is called the:

independent variable. (True Answer )Correct 270 Which of the following is an aspect of the experimental approach? a subject Incorrect

271 The statement or prediction that we make about a potential causal relationship in a proposed study is called the: er )Correct 272 The following experiment is conducted to study the causes of aggression in children. Half the children eat a sugared cereal; the remaining half eat cornflakes. The number of aggressive acts displayed by the children in a one-hour play period after breakfast is then recorded. In this experiment: variable. Incorrect variable. Incorrect responses is the independent variable. Incorrect responses is the dependent variable. (True Answer )Correct 273 A psychologist was interested in the effect of hunger on psychological disturbances. The psychologist deprived half of a group of healthy volunteers of food for one day and fed the other half normally, then administered the MMPI-2 to all the participants. What was the independent variable? -2 Incorrect -2 Incorrect of children is the dependent

is a correlational study. Incorrect 274 Dr. Tim required half of a group of healthy volunteers to study a reading passage for 1 hour. The other half of the participants studied for 15 minutes. Dr. Tim then administered a test of their memory of details from the passage. What was the dependent variable?

275 A study includes 60 people suffering from an ordinary headache. Twenty get aspirin, 20 get a sugar pill that looks like aspirin, and 20 get nothing at all. In 65 percent of the aspirin group, the headache disappears. In the other two groups the cure rates are 35 and 5 percent, respectively. Other than the drug condition, the participants are treated identically. This study: -blind design. Incorrect

276 In a study designed to test a new antidepressant, a large group of outpatient psychiatric patients was randomly assigned to one of two groups. One of the groups was given the drug as a pill. The other group was given identical-looking inert pills. All participants were tested in the morning. The level of depression of each subject was measured by three psychologists independently, using the Beck Depression Inventory. Which of the following was the independent variable in this study? ct

277 Students are given a sensation-seeking test and then divided into two groups depending on their scores. A researcher observes how many times students in each group get out of their seats in 2 hours. The dependent variable is: -seeking test. Incorrect orrect 278 A research procedure in which a variable is manipulated and the manipulation's effect on another variable is observed is called a(n): (True Answer )Correct 279 Factors other than the independent variable may also act on the dependent variable. If these factors vary systematically with the independent variable, they are called ______ variables. nt Incorrect

280 If a research study on a group of children with autism comparing treatment delivered by parents at home to treatment delivered by teachers at school finds that the treatment delivered at school is more effective, which of the following is the BEST example of a confounding variable?

r )Correct

281 One group of patients is treated with medication in a hospital. Another group is treated with the same medication on an outpatient basis. The diagnoses of the two groups of patients are equally serious. The BEST example of a confound in this study is the:

282 One hundred psychiatric patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received a new drug in pill form. The other group was given identicallooking placebo pills. All participants were evaluated for level of agitation by a panel of psychiatrists who didn't know which pill they received. What could be a potential confound in this study? Incorrect Answer )Correct ue

283 The group of participants that is NOT exposed to the independent variable under investigation (in an experiment) is called the: group. Incorrect 284 A researcher wishes to study the effect of a new drug on symptoms of depression. Research participants are randomly assigned to two groups. Participants in Group A receive the drug whenever they report depressive symptoms to the experimenter; participants in Group B receive nothing when they report depressive symptoms to the experimenter. After a month of this procedure, participants in Group A report significantly fewer symptoms of depression. Reference: Ref 2-1 [Paragraph: Research] In the accompanying study, Group A is the:

-sectional group. Incorrect 285 A researcher wishes to study the effect of a new drug on symptoms of depression. Research participants are randomly assigned to two groups. Participants in Group A receive the drug whenever they report depressive symptoms to the experimenter; participants in Group B receive nothing when they report depressive symptoms to

the experimenter. After a month of this procedure, participants in Group A report significantly fewer symptoms of depression. Reference: Ref 2-1 [Paragraph: Research] A serious flaw of the accompanying study is that it:

-blind design. (True Answer )Correct 286 A recent study of informed consent forms showed that: research participants don't receive them. Incorrect t

287 For people to decide about participating in psychological research, they must be given full knowledge of the nature of the study and their rights. This principle is called: consent. (True Answer )Correct 288 The principle of informed consent assumes that:

289 Imagine that there is a statistically significant result found in a well-designed experimental research project without any confounding variables. The MOST appropriate conclusion would be that: Incorrect (True Answer )Correct ed. Incorrect 290 As a general rule, if the sample is large, the difference between the groups is large, and the range of scores within a group is small, then the results are likely to be: ncorrect -blind study. Incorrect 291

One hundred psychiatric patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received a new drug in pill form. The other group was given identicallooking placebo pills. All participants were evaluated for level of agitation by a panel of psychiatrists who didn't know which pill they received. What is the control group? Incorrect 292 A person with an anxiety disorder receives treatment. Because of the treatment, the person's anxiety level is lower, but he still finds it almost impossible to live a normal life. For this person, the improvement in the anxiety disorder is:

neither clinically significant nor statistically significant. Incorrect 293 Of the following choices, the BEST way to select a random sample of 10 students from a class would be to: 10 to leave the classroom. Incorrect eyes, and pick 10 papers. (True Answer )Correct then be sure your sample reflects all of these student characteristics. Incorrect 294 Not all participants are the same. Researchers use ______ to reduce the possibility that preexisting differences between groups are responsible for observed differences after experimental manipulation.

295 To accomplish random assignment, one could assign participants to groups by: the participants sharing an important characteristic in the same group. Incorrect he group they prefer. Incorrect 296 One hundred psychiatric patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group received a new drug in pill form. The other group was given identicallooking placebo pills. All participants were evaluated for level of agitation by a panel

of psychiatrists who didn't know which pill they received. In this study, how could experimenter bias be reduced? hich pill (True Answer )Correct 297 Russ wants to be a good participant. He knows that his professor is an environmentalist, so his answers on the survey reflect a pro-environment position. This is an example of:

298 A fake pill used as the control condition in a drug study is a: o. (True Answer )Correct

299 A researcher's expectations about a study can affect its outcome. The type of research design used specifically to address this problem is a(n): -assignment design. Incorrect 300 A researcher trying to eliminate the Rosenthal effect would be sure to: orrect -experimental design. Incorrect 301 The Rosenthal effect: ld be avoided by using a blind design. (True Answer )Correct 302 In preparation for a study of the effectiveness of an antischizophrenia drug, an assistant puts all drugs into capsules of the same color and codes them. The assistant will have no part in administering the drug. Neither the subjects nor the experimenter will know who gets which drug. This is an example of a: -blind design. Incorrect -blind design. (True Answer )Correct

303 The function of the double-blind design is to guard against:

-blind design. Incorrect -experimental design. Incorrect

)Correct

304 A therapist believes so strongly in her approach that she finds improvement even when none exists. Which design would prevent this problem? dinal Incorrect -blind (True Answer )Correct 305 In an experiment on the effects of two new drugs on mood, neither patients, researchers, nor those who are evaluating the mood of patients know which drug the patients are getting. The study is ______-blind.

306 What is the term for studies that have the structure of experiments except that they use groups that already exist instead of randomly assigning participants to control and experimental groups? -experiments (True Answer )Correct

307 Which of the following distinguishes a quasi-experimental study from a true experiment? -experiment does not use a control group. Incorrect -experiment uses multiple groups for comparison. Incorrect -experiment does not use any experimental control. Incorrect -experiment does not allow for manipulation of the independent variable. (True Answer )Correct 308 To study some gender differences, a researcher selected a group of 10 men and 10 women and treated all participants exactly the same. Each participant was given a test of psychological function. This study is an example of a(n):

-experimental study. (True Answer )Correct 309 Which of the following would MOST appropriately be studied using a quasiexperimental design? )Correct

a parental training program on children's achievement Incorrect

310 If one were studying the hypothesis that people with high levels of stress are MORE likely to get cancer and wanted to include a matched control group, that group would:

311 If researchers using matched control subjects find that abused children are sadder than nonabused children, we know that: Incorrect more girls than boys in the abused group because girls are more likely to be sad. Incorrect (True Answer )Correct 312 The form of experiment used MOST often to study the psychological effects of unusual or unpredictable events is: -control. Incorrect -subject. Incorrect 313 Which of the following would be LEAST appropriately studied, using a natural experiment? )Correct blizzard on depression Incorrect

314 Which of the following would be the BEST design to study the effects of disasters on survivors?

-experiment Incorrect -blind strategy Incorrect 315 Why do we do natural experiments? asks a friend of yours. After all, each disaster that causes a natural experiment is unique. A good answer to your friend would be, Using natural experiments, researchers have learned quite a lot about:

316 Which of the following might be an example of an analogue experiment? high levels of stress to see if they develop signs of depression Incorrect how they respond Incorrect ants live in a simulated mental hospital would each be an example of an analogue experiment (True Answer )Correct 317 Which of the following is an analogue study?

318 A researcher is interested in the effects of a new drug for treating anxiety and decides to study it in rats by conditioning in them the fear of a high-pitched noise and then testing the rats' reactions with and without the drug. This is an example of a(n): -experimental study. Incorrect t

319 In order to justify analogue experiments with animals, researchers must: owledge to be gained. (True Answer )Correct Incorrect Incorrect

320 Seligman's study in which he created learned helplessness in the lab is an example of a(n) ______ study.

-experimental Incorrect 321 Experimenters are generally willing to: than animals. Incorrect

322 Which of the following is the BEST example of baseline data in a single-subject design? -treatment setting Incorrect of behavior before treatment begins (True Answer )Correct 323 In single-subject experimental designs, the participant is observed and measured before the manipulation of an independent variable. This initial observation period is called the: iod. Incorrect

324 Imagine that you are doing an ABAB reversal design study in which you are measuring level of depression with and without the addition of an exercise program. What is the first A in the study?

325 Imagine that you are doing an ABAB reversal design study in which you are measuring level of depression with and without the addition of an exercise program. What is the second B in the study?

326

If a participant's self-stimulation is observed, punished, observed again without punishment, and punished again, the design is a(n):

327 A classmate of yours says, The problem with single-subject experiments is that there is no control group, so you don't know if the treatment is effective. Your BEST reply is: ants serve as their own controls. (True Answer )Correct participants. Incorrect Incorrect 328 A clinician using an ABAB design to reduce the frequency of suicidal thoughts in a client finds that in the second A condition, suicidal thoughts remain as low as they had been at the end of the first B condition. The clinician can be reasonably sure that: -subject experiments are always double-blind.

)Correct 329 The MOST accurate summary of what has happened in the United States in the last 50 years to protect the rights of human research participants would be that: remain. (True Answer )Correct eliminated potential problems. Incorrect governmental agencies, have made important progress in protecting human rights. Incorrect 330 Which of the following is the MOST appropriate conclusion about new drug studies, placebo studies, symptom-exacerbation studies, and medication-withdrawal studies? Incorrect

uicidal thoughts. (True Answer

)Correct 331 A researcher randomly divides young women suffering from anorexia into two groups. Participants in Group A receive psychotherapy and drug treatments; participants in Group B receive attention (but no therapy) and a sugar pill. The researcher then compares participants in the two groups on relief of anorexia symptoms. Reference: Ref 2-2 The preceding experiment is an example of what research design? ncorrect 332 A researcher randomly divides young women suffering from anorexia into two groups. Participants in Group A receive psychotherapy and drug treatments; participants in Group B receive attention (but no therapy) and a sugar pill. The researcher then compares participants in the two groups on relief of anorexia symptoms. Reference: Ref 2-2 One important criticism of the preceding research is that it is a: -withdrawal study. Incorrect -exacerbation study. Incorrect -baseline study. Incorrect 333 A researcher randomly divides young women suffering from anorexia into two groups. Participants in Group A receive psychotherapy and drug treatments; participants in Group B receive attention (but no therapy) and a sugar pill. The researcher then compares participants in the two groups on relief of anorexia symptoms. Reference: Ref 2-2 The ethical concern about placebo drug studies such as the preceding study, is that:

safeguards for patients. (True Answer

effective. Incorrect ne of the answers is correct. Incorrect 334 Which of the following is TRUE about case studies and single-subject designs? -subject designs have more internal validity. (True Answer )Correct -subject designs have more external validity. Incorrect 335

Isn't the ABAB design pretty much a case study? asks a friend of yours in this class. Your BEST answer would be: )Correct nd greater external validity. Incorrect 336 There are many obstacles that hinder psychologists' attempts to understand and treat disorders. All of the following are obstacles, EXCEPT: research. Incorrect Incorrect Answer )Correct 337 Which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding the obstacles that clinical scientists face in studying psychological disorders? -awareness that humans possess may influence the results. Incorrect anging) moods and behavior. (True Answer )Correct 338 Various obstacles interfere with the study of abnormal psychology. All of the following are examples, EXCEPT: )Correct -awareness may influence the results of the study. Incorrect a special relationship with their research subjects. Incorrect

339 When more than one research method produces similar results, we: experimenter bias has occurred. Incorrect

340 Which of the following is the BEST way for clinicians to come to an understanding of abnormal behavior? ies Incorrect

Answer )Correct 341 Once a study in abnormal psychology finds significant results: )Correct d information about how to prevent the disorder from occurring. Incorrect 342 The correlational method of research may include all of the following EXCEPT: fficient for statistical significance. Incorrect 1 Psychological abnormality may include deviance, distress, dysfunction, and danger. First, explain what these terms mean regarding psychological abnormality. Second, provide an example of a time when each aspect of abnormality would not be considered abnormal. 2 Suppose a friend of yours says to you, I feel really lousy today, and I don't know why. You're taking abnormal psychwhat do you think? If, after your conversation with your friend, your friend feels better about things, have you provided psychological therapy? Why or why not? Include the essential features of therapy in your answer. 3 What is demonology? How does demonology stand in the way of a more complete understanding of the causes and treatment of psychological abnormality? 4 Discuss the contributions of three of the following individuals to the treatment of abnormal psychology. Include when and where each lived. Hippocrates Emil Kraepelin Dorothea Dix Philippe Pinel Friedrich Anton Mesmer Benjamin Rush William Tuke

5 Assume that Benjamin Rush and Dorothea Dix suddenly appeared in the twentyfirst century, about 50 years after the U.S. policy of deinstitutionalization began. What would they think about our treatment of the mentally ill? What suggestions might they make for changes in our policy of deinstitutionalization? 6 Define and contrast somatogenic and psychogenic perspectives regarding abnormal psychological functioning, and provide at least one example of evidence supporting each perspective. 7 According to your text, deinstitutionalization has resulted, in part, in large numbers of people with severe psychological disturbances either becoming homeless or ending up in jail or prison. Is deinstitutionalization an ethical and appropriate strategy for the treatment of mental illness that the United States should continue to follow? Back up your answer with specific examples. 8 Increasingly, people seeking treatment for mental health reasons are members of managed care programs. How are managed care programs changing how psychological services are provided? Discuss one advantage and one disadvantage of such programs. 9 The following types of mental health professionals work in the area of psychological abnormality; describe the differences in how they are educated, and in what they do. clinical psychologists psychiatrists clinical researchers 10 Create a time line on which you place five major events in the history of abnormality. Briefly describe why each event is important to our understanding of abnormality. 11 The aspect of the definition of abnormality that characterizes behavior as different from the norm is ______. 12 The stated and unstated rules that a society establishes to govern proper conduct are referred to as______. 13

Ken is so anxious that his anxiety by itself causes him to suffer. Ken's situation represents the aspect of the definition of abnormality called ______. 14 Colleen is so afraid of open spaces that she cannot leave her house to go to work. This represents the aspect of the definition of abnormality called ______. 15 Heather has been feeling depressed and has begun to feel helpless and hopeless and is considering committing suicide. Killing herself represents the aspect of the definition of abnormality called ______. 16 The idea that the behaviors we label abnormal are just problems in living has been proposed by ______. 17 While some clinicians will refer to the person they are treating as a patient, others will refer to the person as a(n) ______. swer ) 18 The crude early form of surgery in which a hole was made in the skull of a person, presumably to allow evil spirits to escape, was called ______. 19 The procedure that a priest or other powerful person might perform to drive evil spirits from a person is called ______. 20 ______ believed that abnormal behavior was caused by brain pathology that was a consequence of an imbalance in the four humors of the body. nswer ) 21 The parent of modern medicine who believed that illnesses had natural causes was ______. 22

During the Middle Ages, a person who believed that he was possessed by wolves and other animals was said to be suffering from ______. 23 The roots of today's community mental health programs can be traced back to the fifteenth century when people came to the Belgian town of______ for psychic healing. 24 An approach to treating people with mental dysfunction that emphasized humane and respectful approaches was known as ______ treatment. 25 The physician who instituted a series of reforms at La Bictre asylum and unchained mental patients was ______. 26 The treatment for mental illness espoused by French physician Philippe Pinel and English Quaker William Tuke was called _____ treatment by their contemporaries. Answer ) 27 The American advocate for laws mandating the improved treatment of people with mental disorders was ______. 28 The view that physical causes are at the root of mental illnesses is called the ______ perspective. 29 The somatogenic view of mental illness was given a boost in the 1800s when it was discovered that general paresis was caused by ______. 30 Psychological causes are at the root of mental illness, according to the ______ perspective. 31

The inducement of a trancelike state in which a person becomes extremely suggestible fits into the ______ model of treating mental illness. 32 Psychoanalysis's view of causes of abnormal and normal behavior fits into the ______ model. 33 Psychotropic medications fit into the ______ model of treating mental illness. 34 The major development utilizing drugs in the treatment of the mentally ill in the second half of the twentieth century was the development of psychiatric ______. 35 The reduction in the number of people housed in mental hospitals in the last 40 years can be attributed to a trend called ______. 36 Moving the focus for the care of the mentally ill out of hospitals is part of the ______ approach. swer ) 37 The largest group of professionals who provide mental health services are ______. 38 The degree that psychiatrists hold is the ______. 39 One who systematically gathers information in order to describe, predict, and explain abnormality is a clinical:

40

If you wanted a career in which you focus on detecting, assessing, and treating abnormal patterns of functioning, you should look into becoming a clinical:

41 The stated and unstated rules for proper conduct that a society establishes are referred to as:

42 Behavior that violates legal norms is: nd criminal. Incorrect 43 The history, values, institutions, technology, and arts of a society make up that society's: e. (True Answer )Correct 44 Which of the following depressed people would be the LEAST likely to be diagnosed with a mental disorderbecause of specific circumstances? community was destroyed by a tornado (True Answer )Correct 45 R. D. Laing said, Insanitya perfectly rational adjustment to an insane world. This statement illustrates:

correct 46 That 42 percent of people go to church and 39 percent snoop in their hosts' medicine cabinets demonstrates the principle that: ormal. Incorrect

47 If a person experienced anxiety or depression following a significant natural disaster, we would say that the person was:

48 People who engage in frenetic, manic activity may not experience distress. They are:

were in the past. Incorrect 49 A person who is so miserable that he or she can see no reason for living BEST fits which of the following definitions of abnormality?

50 An individual has a 9-to-5 job. However, this person seldom gets up early enough to be at work on time, and expresses great distress over this behavior. This individual's behavior would be considered abnormal because it is: Incorrect

on Incorrect

51 Which aspect of the definition of abnormality includes the inability to care for oneself and work productively? orrect 52 Which of the following would NOT be considered abnormal, despite the fact that the person's behavior is dysfunctional? t )Correct 53

A Secret Service agent steps in front of the President of the United States, prepared to be killed or injured if the President's safety is threatened. Psychologically speaking, the Secret Service agent's behavior is: and not psychologically abnormal. Incorrect 54 Research shows that danger to self or others is found in: abnormal functioning. Incorrect

55 Despite popular misconceptions, most people with psychological problems are not:

56 According to Thomas Szasz's views, the deviations that some call mental illness are really: s in living. (True Answer )Correct 57 A researcher spends 15 or more hours per day conducting experiments or doing library reading and records observations on color-coded index cards. This person lives alone in the country, but he doesn't interfere with others' lives. The BEST description of the researcher's behavior is that it is: rous. Incorrect 58 College students who drink so much that it interferes with their lives, health, and academic careers are often not diagnosed as engaging in abnormal behavior because: they are just considered eccentric. Incorrect 59 Defining abnormal behavior, using the four Ds: t are clear-cut and not debatable. Incorrect

60 Lady Gaga and other eccentrics are usually not considered to be experiencing a mental illness because: ct 61 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eccentrics noted by researchers in the field? rrect 62 Studies show that eccentrics are more likely than those with mental disorders to say: f pain and I suffer a great deal. Incorrect 63 Clinical theorist Jerome Frank would say that all forms of therapy include all of the following EXCEPT a: third-party payer. (True Answer )Correct 64 One who sees abnormality as a problem in living usually refers to those seeking help with their problems in living as: Incorrect 65 Several researchers have shown that in a typical year in the United States about what percentage of adults show disturbances severe enough to need clinical treatment? 10 percent Incorrect 15 percent Incorrect 66

Which of the following new diagnoses would one experiencing overwhelming concern about being bombarded with excessive information on the Internet MOST likely receive? -anxiety Incorrect

67 Which of the following new diagnoses would someone experiencing overwhelming concern about the security of travel on planes and subways MOST likely receive? -anxiety Incorrect

68 Which of the following new diagnoses would someone experiencing overwhelming concern about where the safest neighborhoods and schools are located be MOST likely to receive? -anxiety Incorrect

69 The use of exorcism in early societies suggests a belief that abnormal behavior was caused by:

70 A person seeking help for a psychological abnormality is made to drink bitter herbal potions and then submit to a beating, in the hope that evil spirits will be driven from the person's body. This form of therapy is called:

71 If you were being treated by a shaman, you would MOST likely be undergoing: -sensitive therapy. Incorrect -based treatment. Incorrect 72 Hippocrates believed that treatment for mental disorders should involve:

s trapped in the brain. Incorrect

73 Hippocrates's contribution to the development of our understanding of mental illness was the view that such conditions were the result of:

74 Hippocrates thought that abnormal behavior resulted from an imbalance in the four humors, one of which was:

75 Hippocrates attempted to treat mental disorders by: ining patients to walls. Incorrect 76 Bob experiences unshakable sadness. His friends have stopped trying to cheer him up because nothing works. An ancient Greek physician would have labeled his condition:

77 A flash mob is MOST similar to: elancholia. Incorrect -terrorist Incorrect 78 What model of mental illness did MOST people believe in during the Middle Ages?

demonology model (True Answer )Correct 79 Tarantism and lycanthropy are examples of:

ct 80 St. Vitus's dance, characterized by people suddenly going into convulsions, jumping around, and dancing, was also known as:

81 Mass madness is a general term that includes all of the following disorders common in the Middle Ages in Europe EXCEPT:

82 Those MOST often in charge of treating abnormality in the Middle Ages in Europe were the:

83 During the Middle Ages in Europe, demonology dominated views of abnormality for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

84 The individual considered to be the founder of the modern study of psychopathology is:

85 Johann Weyer, considered to be the founder of the modern study of psychopathology, was a physician in the:

86 Pilgrims in Europe in the 1600s would be MOST likely to go for psychic healing to: al in London. Incorrect

87 In many areas, asylums of the 1500s, such as Bethlehem Hospital in London, became: True Answer )Correct 88 Treatment for mental illness in the early asylums tended to be: Incorrect 89 What is the distinction of Bethlehem Hospital, founded in London in 1547? patients. (True Answer )Correct unded by Hippocrates. Incorrect

-wives. Incorrect

Incorrect 90 The basis for moral treatment of asylum patients was the belief that:

)Correct

ehavior. Incorrect 91 The man who brought the reforms of moral therapy to northern England was:

92 The man who brought the reforms of moral therapy to the United States was:

93 The American schoolteacher who lobbied state legislatures for laws to mandate humane treatment of people with mental disorders was:

94 Which of the following is part of the legacy of Dorothea Dix? hospitals (True Answer )Correct 95 The decline in the use of moral treatment and the rise in the use of custodial care in mental hospitals at the end of the twentieth century is due to all of the following EXCEPT:

96 The moral treatment movement rapidly declined in the late nineteenth century because: nt to mental hospitals. Incorrect 97 One factor that contributed to the decline of moral therapy was: everyone. (True Answer )Correct

f public and private funding for hospitals. Incorrect

98 Hippocrates' model of mental illness can be described as:

99 The fact that some people in the advanced stages of AIDS experience neurological damage that results in psychological abnormality supports what type of perspective about abnormal psychological functioning?

100 The discovery of the link between general paresis and syphilis was made by: njamin Rush. Incorrect -Ebing. (True Answer )Correct

101 The finding that syphilis causes general paresis is important because it supports the idea that: e deinstitutionalized. Incorrect

102 For those who hold the somatogenic view of mental illness, the best treatment setting for those with mental disorders would be a:

103 Which of the following statements would offer the LEAST support for the somatogenic view of abnormal behavior? ychological symptoms. Incorrect 104 Eugenics had as its goal sterilization of people with mental disorders, a policy based on the idea that mentally ill people: environment for their children. Incorrect nswer )Correct

105 Eugenics sterilization reflects the ______ perspective on abnormality.

106 The somatogenic treatment for mental illness that seems to have been MOST successful was the use of:

107 Syphilis is to the somatogenic approach as ______ is to the psychogenic approach.

108 Hypnotism is associated with all of the following EXCEPT: pective. (True Answer )Correct 109 Mesmer became famousor infamousfor his work with patients suffering from bodily problems with no physical basis. His patients' disorders are termed: ogenic. Incorrect

110 An otherwise normal person under the influence of hypnotic suggestion is made to bark, sit, and fetch like a dog. The occurrence of these abnormal behaviors lends support to which explanation for abnormality?

111 Which perspective was supported by the discovery that the symptoms of hysteria (e.g., mysterious paralysis) could be induced by hypnosis?

112 Bernheim and Libault used hypnotic suggestion to induce hysterical disorders in normal people, providing support for which perspective of abnormality?

113

The early psychogenic treatment that was advocated by Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud was:

114 Acquiring insight about unconscious psychological processes is a feature of:

115 Psychoanalysis was developed as a form of: )Correct 116 Psychoanalysis, as Freud developed it, was a form of what we now would call:

117 Which of the following patients is MOST likely to benefit most from psychoanalytic treatment? feelings verbally Incorrect 118 Regarding the cause of mental disorders, surveys have found that 43 percent of people today believe that mental illness is caused by which of the following? -discipline Incorrect 119 People with severe mental illnesses are LESS likely to be ______ than they were 50 years ago.

120

Which of the following BEST reflects the impact of deinstitutionalization? (True Answer )Correct back and forth through different levels of care. Incorrect disturbances and provide effective treatment for most all of them. Incorrect 121 A medical researcher develops a drug that decreases symptoms of depression and other mood disorders. The general term for this type of drug is: psychotropic. (True Answer )Correct 122 Drugs designed to decrease extremely confused and distorted thinking are termed:

Answer )Correct 123 Drugs that alleviate the symptoms of mental dysfunction by affecting the brain are called:

124 Dave is confused and usually thinks that he is King David (Old Testament). If his psychiatrist ordered medication, it would MOST likely be a(n):

ncorrect 125 Jena is experiencing sadness, lack of energy, and low self-worth. The condition is chronic and severe. If her psychiatrist prescribed medication it would likely be a(n): drug. Incorrect 126 If your primary symptom were excessive worry, the psychotropic drug for you would be an:

medication. (True Answer )Correct 127 The number of patients hospitalized in mental hospitals in the United States today is MOST similar to the number hospitalized in:

128 One cause of the increase in homeless individuals in recent decades has been the:

community mental health approach. Incorrect 129 In the United States today, one is MOST likely to find a severely ill mental patient: er. Incorrect 130 Which of the following statements BEST reflects the current care for people with less severe disturbances? es of disorders. Incorrect Answer )Correct Incorrect to the wealthy. Incorrect 131 Problems with marital, family, peer, work, school, or community relationships would be MOST similar to: specialized treatment centers. Incorrect 132 Suicide prevention, substance abuse treatment, and eating disorder clinics are MOST similar to which kind of market? ers many different types of food Incorrect

)Correct Incorrect

-fashioned food -end market that serves only the wealthy Incorrect

133 The approach to therapy for mental illness in which a person pays a psychotherapist for services is called: Correct 134 Surveys suggest that about what proportion of adults in the United States receive psychological therapy in a typical year? ect 135 If you are a typical person undergoing therapy in the United States, your therapy will last for

136 A significant change in the type of care offered now compared to the time Freud was practicing is that: treatment. Incorrect Answer )Correct problem. Incorrect 137 Efforts to address the needs of children who are at risk for developing mental disorders (babies of teenage mothers, children of those with severe mental disorders) are categorized as: -anxiety treatment. Incorrect rue Answer )Correct

hours, in an inpatient facility. Incorrect

138 Efforts to help people develop personally meaningful activities and healthy relationships are a part of:

-anxiety treatment. Incorrect ogy. (True Answer )Correct 139 Which of the following pairs of words BEST describes the current emphasis in mental health? chology Incorrect 140 A psychologist focuses on optimism, wisdom, happiness, and interpersonal skill. The psychologist is MOST likely:

141 If your university had a first-year program designed to ease the transition from high school to college and to decrease the dropout rates, that program would have elements MOST similar to:

142 If your university had a program designed to help students achieve their full potential, physically, educationally, and spiritually, that program would have elements MOST similar to: programs. (True Answer )Correct 143 Immigration trends and differences in birth rates among minority groups in the United States have caused psychological treatment to become more:

144 If you were receiving multicultural therapy, you could expect all of the following EXCEPT: ty to cultural issues in therapy. Incorrect

)Correct

ncorrect

145 What the #%*$!! is going on? The insurance company says I have to stop my anger management program now! The client who says this is MOST likely voicing concern about a: Incorrect 146 Which of the following is NOT a common feature of managed care programs? al for treatment by the insurance company Incorrect 147 Parity laws for insurance coverage of mental health treatment mandate that: Answer )Correct must be equal. Incorrect Incorrect 148 Which of the following sequences is correct in terms of prominence of mental health treatments in the United States during the twentieth century and beyond?

oanalytic, sociocultural Incorrect 149 Which of the following statements is TRUE about the participation of women in the mental health professions? Incorrect )Correct 150 A physician who offers psychotherapy is called a: d in medicine and most often found in social work.

151 One major difference between psychiatrists and clinical psychologists is that psychiatrists:

152 The specialty that presently has the largest number of practitioners is:

153 After medical school a psychiatrist receives three to four years of training in the treatment of abnormal functioning; this training is called a(n):

154 Imagine a person who works in a mental hospital analyzing various treatment protocols to see how multicultural factors impact success rates. This person is MOST likely a:

155 A person is hard at work trying to discover which combination of environmental and genetic factors produces schizophrenia. Most likely, the person is a:

156 Which of the following is the MOST accurate conclusion about the current state of abnormal psychology in the United States? the causes of mental illness, and no single best treatment. (True Answer )Correct best way to treat it. Incorrect

t. Incorrect

can define it. Incorrect 157 The MOST accurate summary of the field of abnormal psychology at the present time is that clinical psychologists generally: actice one form of treatment. Incorrect Incorrect treatment. Incorrect

causes mental illness and how best to treat it; plus, we

ion of abnormality, and practice more than one form of treatment. (True Answer )Correct 158 One who studies the history of the field of abnormal psychology MOST likely would compare our current understanding of abnormal behavior to a book that: en been begun to be written. Incorrect