3.

i chiu:
3.1 Ging nhau:
Danh ha trong ting Vit v ting Anh u to ra nhng danh t hay khi
nim tru tng ( s, vic, ci + ng t trong ting Vit hoc thm tion, -
ment, er trong ting Anh )
VD: TV: S tin b ca em l mt iu ng khen. ( S + Tin b )
TA: Your assumption has no proof. ( assume + -tion )
Hin tng danh ha trong c hai ngn ng u to ra 1 t hp danh t c
ngha nht nh (nh danh cho loi thc th nh loi qu trnh/ hnh ng )
VD: TV: Vic mua, vic bn
Vic mua bn gn y trng c v kh m.
TA: Transaction, Payment
Online payment required credit cards.
C 2 ngn ng u c hin tng chuyn loi t bn trong t, nhiu t va
l danh t, va la ng t, v vy khi danh ha ta khng cn phi kt hp vi bt k
yu t no.
3.2 Khc nhau:
Trong ting Vit, danh ha ng t c thc hin thong qua s kt hp
gia cc yu t danh ha vi dng t
a) Thm cc yu t danh ha nh: vic, s, ci , cuc, ni, nim, cn,
trn, chuyn trc ng t
VD: Vic vung tin qu trn khin anh y ph sn.
S hin din ca gia nh l nim vinh hnh ca chng ti.
b) Kt hp vi cc ph t ch lng: Nhng, mi .
VD: Nhng c gng ca cc em lun c ghi nhn.
Trong ting Anh, danh ha ng t ta c nhng phng thc nh sau:
a) Thm ving vo pha sau ng t
VD: Buying, selling, playing
b) Phi sinh danh t t ng t bng cch thm cc hu t ( -er, -
tion ,-ment, -ity ,-ant) vo ng t
VD: buy ( v ) => buyer ( n )
Pay ( v ) => payment ( n )
Compete ( v ) => competition ( n )
c) Khng cn thm tip t hoc ch cn thay i du nhn trng m.
VD: record ( v ) => record ( n )
Decrease ( v ) => decrease ( n )
Mt s ng t khng th phi sinh th chng c danh ha bng cch
thm ing, hoc ch cn tm t khc thay th
VD: study ( v ) = learn ( v ) => learner ( n )
Cc yu t danh ha ng t trong
ting Vit
Cc yu t danh ha ng t trong
ting Anh
S, vic, ni, nim, ci, nhng, mi,
mi .
-ing, -er, -(a/i)tion, -ment, -ant, -ent, -
ity, -al, -ture



Trong ting Anh, sn phm danh ha c th to ra 2 tiu loi danh t:
a) Danh t hnh ng ( action nominal ), thng l V-ing (playing,
buying, eating, )
b) Danh t ch ngi hnh ng ( agentive nouns ), thng l V-er
( Buyer, Seller, )
Note: trong ting Vit, cc t hp nh: Ngi bn, ngi mua,
khng phi l t hp danh ha.
Trong ting Vit, yu t danh ha c sc thi ngha tinh t v phc tp hn
trong cch s dng so vi ting Anh, ty theo trng hp hoc ni dung m ta c
th s dng cc yu t khc nhau
VD:S cu xin ca ng y tr thnh hin thc.
Mi cu xin ca ng y l v vng.
Cn trong ting Anh, cch phi sinh t c quy tc r rng, ngh tnh
chnh xc hon ton, khng th uyn chuyn, ty thay i nh ting Vit.