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2. Types of reproduction
➢ Asexual reproduction
microorganisms dividing into two
invertebrates binary fission, budding, fragmentation
➢ Sexual reproduction
various inherited traits
better survival chances
Gamete Formation
Testes Ovaries
Sperm Ovum
(23 chromosomes) (23 chromosomes)
Zygote
(46 chromosomes)
1. What is menstruation?
➢ Process of excess blood and tissue of the endometrium leave the
uterus through the vagina
1. What is fertilisation?
➢ The union of two nuclei producing a zygote
➢ Occurs inside the Fallopian tubes of a woman
2. Development of zygote
➢ The zygote travels down the Fallopian tubes and enters the uterus.
While in the Fallopian tubes, the zygote undergoes a series of cell
divisions. The single cell forms two cells, then four cells, and so on
to produce a solid ball of cells called morula. Eventually, the
growing mass of hundred of cells forms a hollow ball called
blastocyst. The blastocyst attaches to the endometrium of the
uterus. This process is known as implantation. For the next eight
weeks or so, the developing human is called an embryo. The young
embryo is nourished at first by nutrients absorbed directly from the
mother’s endometrium, but as further development takes place the
placenta is formed. From the ninth week of development until birth,
the embryo is called a foetus. After about 9 months of development
inside the uterus, the baby is ready to be born.
3. Formation of twins