Actividad 3.

Resolucin de problemas que contienen funciones

trigonomtricas

sen (mx) dx = sen (mx) *sen (mx) dx


sen (mx) = 1 - cos (mx)

reemplaza
sen (mx) *sen (mx) dx = sen (mx) * ( 1 - cos (mx) ) dx
sen (mx) * ( 1 - cos (mx) ) dx = sen (mx)dx - sen (mx) *cos(mx) dx

sen (mx)dx - sen (mx) *cos(mx) dx

por reglas..
sen (mx)dx = - cos(mx) /m

ahora la integral

sen (mx) *cos(mx)

se resuelve haciendo susti simple

cos (mx) = u
du = - m sen (mx) dx

entonces

sen (mx) *cos(mx) dx = (-1/m)*udu = (-1/3m)*cos(mx)

entonces

la integral

sen (mx)dx - sen (mx) *cos(mx) dx


- cos(mx) /m - [(-1/3m)*cos(mx)]

cos(mx) - cos(mx) +C






tan
2
x sec xdx =(sec
2
x 1) sec xdx
= sec
3
xdx - sec xdx
=1/2 (sec x tan x + lnjsec x + tan xj) ln lsec x + tan x l+ C
=1/2 sec x tan x 1/2 ln l sec x + tan x l + C


Sustituimos u=sin x y la identidad cos
2
x =1 sin x
du =cosx dx



csc(x) dx
= csc(x) * [csc(x) + cot(x)]/[csc(x) + cot(x)] dx
= [csc(x) + csc(x)cot(x)] / [csc(x) + cot(x)] dx

u = csc(x) + cot(x)
du = [-csc(x)cot(x) - csc(x)] dx
du = -[csc(x)cot(x) + csc(x)] dx

= - (1 / u) dx
= -ln| u | + C
= -ln| csc(x) + cot(x) | + C

csc(x) as 1/sin(x) = sin(x)/sin^2(x) = sin(x)/(1-cos^2(x)) = sin(x)/[(1+cos(x))(1-cos(x))]

u = cos(x); du = sin(x) dx

du/[(1+u)(1-u)]

Usando fracciones parciales:

1/[(1+u)(1-u)] = A/(1+u) + B/(1-u) or
1 = A(1-u) + B(1+u)

let u = 1; 1 = B(1+1) or B = 1/2
let u = -1; 1 = A(1-(-1)) or A = 1/2

du/[(1+u)(1-u)]
= 1/[2(1+u)] du + 1/[2(1-u)] du
= (1/2)ln |1+u| + (1/2)ln |1-u| + C
= (1/2)ln |1+cos(x)| + (1/2)ln |1-cos(x)| + C




(1 - sin 2x) dx

Desarrollando el cuadrado.

(1- sin 2x) = 1 + sin (2x) - 2 sin (2x)

frmula:

sin x = (1/2) (1 cos (2x))

sen (2x) = (1/2) (1 cos (4x))

Sustituimos.

(1 - sin 2x) dx = (1 + (1/2) (1 cos (4x)) 2 sin(2x)) dx =

= dx + (1/2) dx (1/2) cos (4x) dx 2 sin(2x) dx =

= (3/2) x (1/8) sen (4x) + cos (2x) + C