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INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE

Differential Algebraic Equations


a new look at the index
G. Le Vey

N 2239
Mars 1994

PROGRAMME 6
Calcul scientifique,
modelisation
et logiciel numerique

ISSN 0249-6399

apport
de recherche

 
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Unite de recherche INRIA Lorraine, Technopole de Nancy-Brabois, Campus scientifique,


` NANCY
615 rue de Jardin Botanique, BP 101, 54600 VILLERS LES
Unite de recherche INRIA Rennes, IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 RENNES Cedex
Unite de recherche INRIA Rhone-Alpes, 46 avenue Felix Viallet, 38031 GRENOBLE Cedex 1
Unite de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex
Unite de recherche INRIA Sophia-Antipolis, 2004 route des Lucioles, BP 93, 06902 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS Cedex

Editeur
INRIA, Domaine de Voluceau, Rocquencourt, BP 105, 78153 LE CHESNAY Cedex (France)
ISSN 0249-6399

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