VP (AVP3)

Osama Saeed Mohammed Bafaqeeh

ICT-TE-7
202332107
TRTS
Connectors (SC,ST,LC,SMA) and their Applications
4/13/2014
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Table of Contents
Chapter1: Learning Conditions ....................................................................................... 2
1.1 General Information: ........................................................................................... 2
1.2 Trainees: .............................................................................................. 2
1.3 Level of the Trainees: .......................................................................................... 2
1.4 Classroom: .............................................................................................. 2
1.5 College:. .............................................................................................. 3
Chapter2: Curriculum Analysis ...................................................................................... 3
Chapter3: Content Analysis............................................................................................ 4
3.1 Optical Fiber connectors: ..................................................................................... 4
3.2 Basic Components of the Optical Fiber Connector: ................................................. 4
3.3 Basic Connector Types: ....................................................................................... 5
3.4 Connectors Features and Applications: .................................................................. 6
3.5 Basic Requirement for a Good Fiber Connector: ..................................................... 6
Chapter4: Didactic Analysis ........................................................................................... 7
Chapter5: General Information ....................................................................................... 8
Chapter6: Objectives ..................................................................................................... 8
6.1 General Objectives: ............................................................................................. 8
6.2 Specific Objectives: ............................................................................................. 8
Chapter7: Overview of the Intended Process .................................................................... 9
Chapter8: Applied Didactic Principle ............................................................................ 10
Chapter9: References .................................................................................................. 10
Chapter10: Annex ....................................................................................................... 10



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Chapter1: Learning Conditions
1.1 General Information:
The college that I am going to teach in it is Technical Trainers College (TTC). The
lesson will be on Sunday at 7:30 A.M. The classroom is 8.243 in the VP building. The
target group of the trainees that I am going to teach them is ICT-TE-7.
1.2 Trainees:
NO Age Former College Hometown Last
Certificate
Last
Grade
1 25 CTI/Riyadh Riyadh Diploma B+
2 25 COT/Hassa Hassa Diploma B
3 25 COT/Dammam Dammam Diploma A+
4 23 CTI/Riyadh Riyadh Diploma A
5 26 COT/Abha Abha Diploma B+
6 25 CTI/Jeddah Jeddah Diploma A
7 27 COT/Abha Abha Diploma C+
1.3 Level of the Trainees:
There are 7 trainees in the class. Each one of them has at least a Diploma in
Telecommunication in different cities at Saudi Arabia. The level of the trainees is
different. Some of them have the same level but the most are different. For example
trainees number 3, 4, and 6 their performance are high. They participate very actively
in class. Their contribution to teaching is good. When I give them homework or work
order they do it quickly and accepted. Also the presentation of results assessed
positively. Other trainees, their level is acceptable. I look also in their English level.
In general they are good, but they dont have enough vocabulary so when I will
explain to them I will use easy and clear vocabulary. In conclusion, ICT-TE-7 class is
very good and I am looking forward to teach them.
1.4 Classroom:
The lesson will be in classroom 8.243 at the VP building. The classroom is good and
it equipped very well. It has enough space for teaching not too big or too small. It has
good desks and chairs and it has two whiteboard and one smart board. This room also
has a computer with projector. Before I start my lesson I must check everything in this
room. I must check the computer and the projector do they work very well or not?.
Also I count the chairs and desks do we have enough chairs and desks for the trainees
or not?. After that, I organize the class to the way of my lesson, I mean by that if I
have group work I organize the class to grouping seat arrangement and so on.

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1.5 College:
TTC or (Technical Trainers College) is one of the most common colleges in Saudi
Arabia. TTC is the first college in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia that specializes in
training vocational pedagogy. The college offers a three-year training program to
develop young Saudi college graduates into qualified trainers in Technical and
Vocational Education and Training. I learn a lot in this college especially in
vocational pedagogy. Also this college has good and qualified teachers to help us
learn and increase our knowledge.
Chapter2: Curriculum Analysis
Major: Communication.
Department: Communication Techniques.
Course Title: Transmission Lines and Optical Fibers.
Course Code: COM 240.
Contact Hours: L: 4, W: 2, T: 0.
Prerequisites Course: COM 136
Course Description: This course covers the principle of operation and types of
transmission lines optical fibers and their technical specifications. Also covered are
methods of connecting optical fibers, transmission characteristics of optical fibers,
light sources and photo detectors, fiber optic measurements and testing.
General Objective: This course aims to give trainees the basic knowledge in the field
of optical fibers, transmission characteristics and to participate in the design of optical
fiber communication systems.
Specific Objective: At the end of this course the trainees should be able to do the
following:
Understand the principle of operation of optical fibers and their types.
Be familiar with the classification of optical fibers.
Be familiar with the transmission characteristics of optical fibers.
Be familiar with the optical sources and detectors.
Be familiar with the fiber optic cables, construction, connector, types and
characteristics.
Content: Fiber Optic Connections.
Unit: Connector types and applications.



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Chapter3: Content Analysis
This lesson is related with previous lesson which is (Misalignment Loss Calculations
according to the curriculum of TVTC) on understanding and measuring the losses
after we do the splicing of the fiber optic and then check the connector do they have
losses or not. Also this lesson is related on the next lesson which is (Couplers types
and applications) on how the optical power coupling has losses due to the reflection
loss, area mismatch, packing fraction loss and numerical aperture mismatch.
3.1 Optical Fiber connectors:
Fiber connectors are used instead of splices to join two optical fibers by allowing
optical fibers to be disconnected and reconnected once required.

Basically, connectors are used:
To terminate a fiber (to protects the fiber end).
To align the fibers (to provide optimum optical coupling and enables long-
haul communication).
To connect outer shells (to provide adequate strength for the joint).
3.2 Basic Components of the Optical Fiber Connector:



Ferrule: Holds the fiber exactly in the center for a proper connection and
must guarantee the low loss interconnection. This must be strong enough to
withstand for number of iterations of mounting and demounting the connector.
Body: When any strain is placed on the connector, it is transferred to the cable
rather than the optical fiber.
Strain
relief boot
Cap
Ferrule
Body
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Cap (coupling nut): Used for a secure the connection and normally this acts
as a push-in, a twist-lock or a screw on connector.
Strain relief boot: Protect the body and the cable from external bends and
pulls.
3.3 Basic Connector Types:
There are many types of the optical fiber connector but the main and the most
common connectors are the following:
SC: or (Subscriber Connector) is a fiber-optic connector that uses a push-pull
latching mechanism similar to common audio and video cables.

ST: or (Straight Tip) is a quick release bayonet style connector developed by
AT&T.

LC: or (Lucent Connector) is a small form-factor connector much like the SC
connector but with a ferrule that is half the size

SMA: or (Sub Miniature version A) is semi-precision coaxial cable developed
in the 1960s


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3.4 Connectors Features and Applications:

Connector Features Applications
SC -Push in connector
-Square shaped
-Ceramic ferrule
-Loss 0.2 0.45 dB

-Used in Gigabit Ethernet,
ATM, LAN, MAN and fiber
channels In
telecommunication networks.

ST -Twist-lock
connector
-Round shaped
-Ceramic ferrule
-Loss 0.2 0.45 dB

-Distribution app using either
single mode or multimode
fibers.

LC -Push in connector
-Square shaped
-Ceramic ferrule
-loss 0.1 0.5 dB

-Used in CATV, LAN, MAN
and WAN applications.

SMA -Screw-on
connector
-Round Shaped
-Stainless-steal
ferrule

-Used in military applications
and in the delivery of high-
power laser light.
3.5 Basic Requirement for a Good Fiber Connector:
Low coupling losses (alignment losses) losses must not change considerably
during the operation and also performing number of iteration of connections
and disconnections.
Interchangeability should be compatible among different manufactures'
counterparts.
Ease of assembly and connection any skilled level of technician should be
able to handle the installation process easily (without adding further losses to
the system).
Low environmental sensitivity (e.g.: temperature, dust and moisture).
Low cost with reliable construction.








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Chapter4: Didactic Analysis
Didactic Principle of Reduction, Motivation and Methodological change:
First, I will reduce my lesson and make it simple by using didactic principle of
reduction. I will use the both way which are the horizontal way and the vertical way.
In the horizontal way, I will use it at the beginning because I will start my lesson by
giving the trainees a case study or example from our daily life about my lesson
(Inductive approach) so this way I make my lesson easy for understanding and it is
very motivated. In the vertical way I will use it because this lesson needs at least 6
hours to cover it so I take the most important thing in this lesson and I reduce it to 50
minutes. In addition, in this lesson, I will use didactic principle of methodical change
by using the action form like lecture, case study, and discovery and classroom
conversation or by using the social work like individual, partner and group work.
Didactic Principle of Vividness:
Then, I will start the main lesson by asking the trainees what you know about the
optical fiber connector. After that, I will explain to them what is the connector and
where does used then I will explain on the whiteboard the basic component of the
connector. I will use clear structure with different color to with picture to make sure
the trainees will understand it
Didactic Principle of Self activity and Vividness:
Next, I will explain about the types of the connector each one of them and after I
explain to the trainees the types I will ask them to do a group work about the feature
and application of the connector. I ask them to do the group work, because I want to
break the routine and make them active. Also because I want them to depends of their
self in searching the information. After they do the group I will discuss the results
with them on the whiteboard.
Didactic Principle of Securing Information:
Finally, I will secure my lesson by give them quiz about the lesson to make sure they
understand the lesson very well or not then I will discuss the results with them and I
will give them a homework to link it with next lesson.






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Chapter5: General Information
Topic: Connectors SC, ST, LC, SMA and their Applications
Name: Osama Saeed Mohammed Bafaqeeh (107)
Day: Sunday
Date: 13/4/2014
Time: 7:30 A.M
Classroom: 8.243
Time Allocated: 50 minutes
Chapter6: Objectives
6.1 General Objectives:
The Trainees are able to..
Work together and help each other in the class. (Affective)
Interact with the trainer. (Affective)
Make an active class. (Affective)
Finish their task on time. (Affective)
6.2 Specific Objectives:
The Trainees are able to..
Describe what is optical fiber connector? (Cognitive, Reorganization)
Mention the basic component of the connector. (Cognitive, Reproduction)
Distinguish between SC, ST, LC and SMA. (Cognitive, Transfer)
List at least 3 features and 3 application of Optical Fiber Connector.
(Cognitive, Reproduction)






Department Topic
ICT-TE-7 Connectors SC,ST,LC,SMA and their Applications
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Chapter7: Overview of the Intended Process
Opening / Entrance/ Motivation Methodology Media Time
Minutes Expected Trainer-Action Expected Trainees-Action
-The trainer starts the lesson by
greeting and introducing himself
then he will say some instruction
for them like they should not use
their mobile phones during the
lesson and so on.

-The trainer will tell a story
about the connectors and give
example from our daily life.

-The trainees will discuss with
trainer about these examples
-Inductive
approach
-Case study
-Classroom
conversation
-Whiteboard


7 Minutes
-The trainer will define the
agenda of the lesson or the
objectives of the lesson.
-The trainees will state the
objectives of the lesson.
-Lecture -PPT
Slide #2
-The trainer will ask the trainees
what do you know about the
optical fiber connector.
-The trainees will apprise that
the connector used to join two
optical fiber.
-Lecture
-Classroom
conversation
-PPT
Slide#3

Body (Information / Elaboration) Methodology Media Time
Minutes Expected Trainer-Action Expected Trainees-Action
-The trainer will explain about the
optical fiber connector and why
we use it.
-The trainees will analyze the
explanation and discuss with
trainer about this point.
-Lecture -PPT
Slides#4,5
5 minutes
-The trainer will explain about the
basic component of the connector.
-The trainees will discuss and
copies basic component from
the whiteboard on their notes.
-Lecture
-Classroom
conversation
-Whiteboard
-PPT
Slide#6
5 minutes
-The trainer will explain about the
types of the connector (SC, ST,
LC, and SMA).
-The trainees will compare
between them and ask the
trainer if they had any
question.
-Lecture
-Classroom
conversation
-PPT
Slides#7,8,9,
10,11
5 minutes
-The trainer will give the trainees
group work to research on the
internet about the features and
applications of the connector,
every three trainees are together
then the trainer ask them to
illustrate the results on the
whiteboard.
-The trainees will organize to
do the group work and ask
help from the trainer if they
need some explanation, then
will write the results on the
whiteboard and discuss it with
the trainer.
-Group work -PPT
Slide#12
-Whiteboard
13
minutes
-The trainer will explain the
features and applications
-The trainees will realize the
correct information from the
trainer after they research
about it earlier
-Lecture -PPT
Slide#13
5 minutes




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Close (Reflection, Exercises, Homework, Feedback) Methodology Media Time
Minutes Expected Trainer-Action Expected Trainees-Action
-The trainer will give the trainees
quiz about the lesson to make sure
that they understand the lesson
very well or not then the trainer
will solve the questions together
with the trainees and compare the
results.
-The trainees will answer the
questions and ask help to
understanding the questions.
-Individual work
-Classroom
conversation
-Worksheet

10
minutes
-The trainer will ask the trainees
to do homework about the other
types of the connectors and the
trainer will ask them to read or
prepare for the next lesson.

-The trainees will discuss with
trainer about how they do the
homework

Chapter8: Applied Didactic Principle
Didactic Principle of Reduction by using the vertical and horizontal way.
Didactic Principle of Motivation by using a case study at the beginning of the
lesson.
Didactic principle of methodological change by using different action and
social form.
Didactic principle of vividness by using clear pictures and colors.
Didactic principle of self-activity by doing a group work.
Didactic principle of securing information by giving a quiz.
Chapter9: References
SC, ST, LC Fiber connections, retrieved from CISCO
https://supportforums.cisco.com/discussion/9282081; visited
4/4/2014
Hecht, Jeff; (5
th
Edition), Understanding Fiber Optics.
Hayes, Jim; (2010), Fiber Optics Technician's Manual
Chapter10: Annex
The next following pages are annexes about my lesson such as: (Worksheet Power
Point Slides- Whiteboard)