Experiment No.

2
Objective:
To determine the deflection at the point of application of a force on the cantilever beam
Apparatus:
Beam Apparatus, Steel bar 6 x 20 x 1000 mm, Rider for weiht, Suspender for
weihts, Set of weihts, !ial aue with holder, Support pillar with clamp"
Theory:
A beam is a structure, which is loaded transversel#" The load ma# be a point load or
uniforml# distributed load" $n a cantilever bar, one side of the bar is fixed and the other
side free" This is %nown as a tri&valent support which transmits normal force, transverse
force and moment" The bar is therefore supported in a staticall# determined manner" The
e'uation for the deflection y of the bar at the point of application of force is(
)here, I
y
is the moment of inertia for rectanular beam, b is the width, h is the
heiht of rectanular beam, E is the *odulus of +lasticit# and F is the load"
!eflection is proportional to the load , and inversel# -roportional to the modulus of
elasticit# + and -lanar moment of inertia .-*$/ "The lenth of the bar is cubed" The
influence of the lenth 0 should be demonstrated in this experiment" ,or this purpose, the
force should be constant" The experimental bar is made of steel .+ 1 200000 23mm
2
/ and
has a cross&section of 20 x 6 mm
2
" This produces a -*$ of 4antilever beam" )ith these
values and a load of 15 2 .Suspender 2"52 6 2"52 6 52 6 52 weihts/, the deflection
values are achieved"
Apparatus etup:
!roce"ure:
1" ,asten the support pillar to the frame"
2" 4lamp the bar in the support pillar"
7" -lace the rider on the bar and loc% in the re'uired position"
8" ,asten the dial aue to the frame with the 9older in such a wa# that the tracer pins is
touchin the flattened part of the rider bolt"
5" Set the dial aue to :ero with the bar unloaded" To do so, ad;ust the holder and rotate
the scale for precise ad;ustment"
6" Suspend the load weiht, read the deflection on the dial aue and record"
Observations an" #a$cu$ations:
4omparison between *easured and 4alculated !eflections .0oad 1 152/
r.
No.
%en&th % in
mm.
'easure"
"e($ection in
mm
)V
E
*
#a$cu$ate"
"e($ection in
mm
)V
T
*
+i((erence
V
T
, V
E
- Error
. 2//
2 0//
0 1//
1 2//
2 3//
3 4//
!$ots:
!raw a raph between lenth and deflection for calculated and measured values from
table"
#onc$usions: 555555555555555555555555555555
ources o( Error: 55555555555555555555555555