LAPORAN RESMI PRAKTIKUM

ANALISA INTI BATUAN

(A I B)

DISUSUN OLEH :

Nama

: Ajeng Siti H

NIM

: 1201252

Kelompok

: 3

JURUSAN S1 TEKNIK PERMINYAKAN

SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI
BALIKPAPAN
2013

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
LAPORAN RESMI PRAKTIKUM ANALISA INTI BATUAN
Diajukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan praktikum Analisa Inti Batuan
Tahun Akademik 2012
Jurusan S1. Teknik Perminyakan
Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Minyak Dan Gas Bumi
Balikpapan

Disusun oleh :

Nama

: Ajeng Siti H

NIM

: 1201252

Kelompok

:3

Balikpapan, 27 November 2013

Disetujui oleh

Dosen Pembimbing Praktikum

(Karmila,S.T.)

Asisten Praktikum

(Hamidah)

KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kami ucapkan kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, atas rahmat
dan ridho-Nya kami dapat menyelesaikan laporan praktikum sebagaimana
mestinya.
Dalam upaya penulisan laporan ini terdapat hambatan yang kami temui,
namun berkat dukungan dari berbagai pihak sehingga hambatan tersebut dapat
teratasi. Untuk itu penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada :

1. Ibu Karmilla, S.T., selaku dosen mata kuliah mekanika reservoir

2. Kepada rekan rekan yang telah membantu menyelesaikan laporan
praktikum ini
3. Kepada mb Hamidah, selaku asisten praktikum kami yang juga telah
membantu kami untuk menyelesaikan laporan praktikum ini

Kami mohon maaf bila karya ilmiah yang dibuat memiliki kesalahan, oleh
karena itu penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun agar kami
dapat meningkatkan kualitas laporan lainnya. Akhir kata kami berharap semoga
laporan ini bermanfaat bagi yang memerlukan.

Balikpapan, 27 November 2013

Penulis

DAFTAR ISI
BAB I.

PENDAHULUAN... 1

BAB II. PENGUKURAN POROSITAS

2.1 Tujuan ............................................................................ 4
2.2 Teori Dasar.................................................................... 4
2.3 Peralatan dan Bahan
2.3.1 Peralatan .............................................................. 12
2.3.2 Bahan .................................................................. 13
2.4 Metode Pengukuran ..................................................... 13
2.4.1 Pengukuran Porositas Dengan Cara
Menimbang ......................................................... 13
2.4.2 Pengukuran Porositas
Mercury Injection Pump ..................................... 14
2.5 Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan
2.5.1 Hasil Percobaan................................................... 16
2.5.2 Perhitungan .......................................................... 17
2.6 Pembahasan............................................................... 18
2.7 Kesimpulan ........................................................... 21

BAB III. PENGUKURAN SATURASI FLUIDA

3.1 Tujuan ........................................................................... 22
3.2 Dasar Teori .................................................................... 22
3.3 Peralatan dan Bahan
3.3.1 Peralatan ............................................................... 25
3.3.2 Bahan ................................................................... 27
3.4 Metode Pengukuran ...................................................... 27
3.5 Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan
3.5.1 Hasil Percobaan.................................................... 28
3.5.2 Perhitungan .......................................................... 28
3.6 Pembahasan................................................................... 29

3.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................... 30

BAB IV. PENGUKURAN PERMEABILITAS

4.1 Tujuan .......................................................................... 31
4.2 Teori Dasar................................................................... 31
4.3 Peralatan dan Bahan
4.3.1 Peralatan .............................................................. 36
4.3.2 Bahan .................................................................. 38
4.4 Metode Pengukuran
4.4.1 Liquid Permeameter ............................................ 38
4.4.2 Gas Permeameter ................................................ 39
4.5 Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan
4.5.1 Hasil Percobaan.................................................. 41
4.5.2 Perhitungan ........................................................ 42
4.6 Pembahasan................................................................. 43
4.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................. 44

BAB V.

PENGUKURAN SIEVE ANALYSIS

5.1 Tujuan ......................................................................... 45
5.2 Teori Dasar.................................................................. 45
5.3 Peralatan dan Bahan
5.3.1 Peralatan ............................................................. 50
5.3.2 Bahan ................................................................. 50
5.4 Metode Pengukuran .................................................... 51
5.5 Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan
5.5.1 Hasil Percobaan.................................................. 52
5.5.2 Perhitungan ........................................................ 52
5.6 Pembahasan................................................................. 54
5.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................. 56

BAB VI. PENENTUAN KADAR LARUT SAMPEL FORMASI DALAM

LARUTAN ASAM
6.1 Tujuan .......................................................................... 57
6.2 Teori Dasar................................................................... 57
6.3 Peralatan dan Bahan
6.3.1 Peralatan .............................................................. 59
6.3.2 Bahan .................................................................. 60
6.4 Metode Pengukuran ..................................................... 61
6.5 Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan
6.5.1 Hasil Percobaan................................................... 61
6.5.2 Perhitungan ......................................................... 62
6.6 Pembahasan.................................................................. 62
6.7 Kesimpulan .................................................................. 63

BAB VII.PENENTUAN TEKANAN KAPILER PADA SAMPEL BATUAN

RESERVOIR
7.1 Tujuan ......................................................................... 64
7.2 Teori Dasar.................................................................. 64
7.3 Peralatan dan Bahan
7.3.1 Peralatan ............................................................. 69
7.3.2 Bahan ................................................................. 70
7.4 Metode Pengukuran
7.4.1 Kalibrasi Alat ..................................................... 70
7.4.2 Prosedur Untuk Menentukan Tekanan Kapiler .. 72
7.5 Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan
7.5.1 Hasil Percobaan.................................................. 73
7.5.2 Perhitungan ........................................................ 75
7.6 Pembahasan................................................................. 79
7.7 Kesimpulan ................................................................. 80

BAB VIII. PEMBAHASAN UMUM .............................................. 81

BAB IX. KESIMPULAN UMUM.................................................. 85

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................... 88

LEMBAR ASISTENSI PRAKTIKUM

ANALISA INTI BATUAN
Nama

: Ajeng Siti H

NIM

: 1201252

Kelompok : 3 (TPC)
No.

Tanggal

Keterangan
1) Jelaskan AIB rutin, AIB
spesial dinamis dan AIB

1.

2 November
2013

spesial statis.
2) Prosedur kerja Mercury
Injection
3) Jelaskan grafik Nanz
1) 5 asumsi Darcy
2) Gas yang terselip dipori-pori

2.

11 November
2013

batuan, sehingga pembacaan

permeabilitas tidak tepat
3) Schratwatch
4) Perbedaan stimulasi,
acidizing, dan fracture

3.

23 November
2013

Final Report

Paraf

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Ilustrasi Porositas Efektif ....................................................... ....8
Gambar 2.2 Pengaruh Susunan Butir terhadap Porositas ............................ 10
Gambar 2.3 Distribusi Kumulatif Ukuran Butiran dari Graywacke
a) Batu pasir b) Shalysand ...................................................... 12
Gambar 2.4 Timbangan Digital ................................................................... 12
Gambar 2.5 Rangkaian Alat Porometer ....................................................... 12
Gambar 2.6 Vacuum Pump .......................................................................... 13
Gambar 2.7 Beaker Plass Ceper ................................................................... 13
Gambar 2.8 Kerosene ................................................................................... 13
Gambar 3.1 Variasi Pc terhadap Sw ............................................................ 23
Gambar 3.2 Skema Stark dean Distilation ................................................... 26
Gambar 3.3 Solvent Extractor ...................................................................... 26
Gambar 3.4 Oven ......................................................................................... 26
Gambar 3.5 Gelas Ukur ............................................................................... 26
Gamabr 3.6 Exicator .................................................................................... 27
Gambar 3.7 Retort ........................................................................................ 27
Gambar 3.8 Timbangan Analisis ................................................................. 27
Gambar 4.1 Diagram Percobaan Pengukuran Permeabilitas
(Amyx,J.W., Bass, MD., 1960)................................................. 33
Gambar 4.2 Kurva Permeabilitas Efektif untuk Sistem Minyak dan Air
(Craft, B.C., Hawkins M.F., 1959) ................................................35
Gambar 4.3 Rangkaian Liquid Permeameter ...............................................37
Gambar 4.4 Rangkaian Gas Permeameter ...................................................37
Gambar 4.5 Burette ......................................................................................37
Gambar 4.6 Pressure Gauge .........................................................................37
Gambar 4.7 Termometer ..............................................................................37
Gamabr 4.8 Cut Off Vale .............................................................................37
Gambar 4.9 Over Flow Tube .......................................................................38
Gambar 4.10 Discharge-Fill Valve Assemble .............................................38

Gambar 4.11 Gas Inlet .................................................................................38

Gambar 4.12 Stopwatch ...............................................................................38
Gambar 5.1 Gravel Packing .........................................................................46
Gambar 5.2 Sieve Analysis ..........................................................................46
Gambar 5.3 Elektrik Sieve Shacker .............................................................50
Gambar 5.4 Tyler Sieve ASTM ................................................................... 50
Gambar 5.5 Mortal dan Pastle...................................................................... 50
Gambar 5.6 Torison Balance ....................................................................... 50
Gambar 6.1 Mortal dan Pastle...................................................................... 60
Gambar 6.2 Erlenmeyer ............................................................................... 60
Gambar 6.3 Oven ......................................................................................... 60
Gambar 6.4 HCl atau Acid........................................................................... 60
Gambar 6.5 Methyl Orange ......................................................................... 60
Gambar 7.1 Pump Cylinder ......................................................................... 69
Gambar 7.2 Measuring Screw ...................................................................... 69
Gambar 7.3 Pressure Hoss ........................................................................... 69
Gambar 7.4 Sample Holder .......................................................................... 69
Gambar 7.5 Pump Scale ............................................................................... 70
Gambar 7.6 Micrometer Dial ....................................................................... 70
Gambar 7.7 Mercury Injection Capillary Pressure Apparatus ..................... 70

DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Ukuran porositas ............................................................................... 11
Tabel 5.1. Hasil Percobaan dan Perhitungan ..................................................... 52
Tabel 5.2. Opening Diameter dan % Berat Kumulatif ....................................... 55
Tabel 7.1. Pressure Volume Correction ............................................................. 74

DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1. Permeabilitas absolute Vs 1/P (atm) ............................................... 43
Grafik 5.1. Hubungan Opening Diameter Vs % Berat Komulatif ...................... 55
Grafik 7.1 Kurva Tekanan Kapiler ...................................................................... 66
Grafik 7.1. Hubungan Correct Pressure Vs % Mercury Saturation .................... 79
Grafik 7.2. Hubungan Volume vs Pressure ......................................................... 80

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

I.

II.

TUGAS PENDAHULUAN

LEMBAR ANALISA