C Builder

..
C++Builder 6

2003
004.43
32.973.26-018.1
87
..
C++Builder 6. .:
2003 . - 1152 : .

- C++Builder 6 C++Builder 5 4.
C++Builder, - ,
ADO, InterBase Express, dbExpress, , COM, CORBA, M1DAS, . ,
, , ,
, , ,
. C++,
C++Builder API Windows ( 570 ), C++Builder,
, .
, -
, ,
.., 2003
ISBN 5-7989-0239-0 (. )
, 2003

C++Builder 6, 5, 4?
?

19
19
20
21
21
22
1. C++Builder 6
23
1. C++Builder . . 25
1.1 -
25
1.2
27
.
29
1.4
31
1.5
32
1.6
33
1.7 C++Builder 6 Borland. . 35
1.8 : C++Builder 6?
37
1.9 - C++
42
1.9.1
42
1.9.2 C++
: . . . . 42
1.9.3
43
1.9.4
47
1.9.5 ,

49
1.9.5.1 ,
49
1.9.5.2
51
1.9.5.3 ,

52
1.9.5.4
53
1.9.5.5
56
1.9.6
57
1.9.6.1
58
1.9.6.2
59
2.
C++Builder 6
63
2.1 () C++Builder
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.1.5
2.1.6
2.1.7
2.1.8 C++Builder
2.1.9
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.3 C++Builder
63
63
64
65
67
69
70
72
75
76
77
77
79
81
C++Builder 6
2.3.1 C++Builder,
81
2.3.2
85
2.3.2.1
85
2.3.2.2
85
2.3.2.3
88
2.3.3
89
2.3.4 To-Do List
92
2.3.5 ,
95
2.4
97
2.4.1
97
2.4.2
97
2.4.3
98
2.4.4
98
2.4.5
99
2.5
100
2.5.1
100
2.5.2 Parent Owner
101
2.5.3
102
2.5.4
103
2.5.5 Object TreeView
103
2.5.6 ,

105
2.5.7
109
2.6
109
2.7
113
2.7.1 Code Insight
113
2.7.2 ClassExplorer
115
2.7.3 , . . . . . . . 116
2.7.4 C++Builder
OpenHelp .
118
2.8
120
2.8.1
, . . . . 120
2.8.2
122
2.8.3 ,
125
2.8.4 Watch List
126
2.8.5 Evaluate/Modify
129
2.8.6
130
2.8.7
132
2.8.8 Debug Inspector
137
2.8.9 , OutputDebugString
139
2.8.10
140
2.8.11 ,

140
3. C++Builder
145
3.1
145
3.2
146
3.2.1

146
3.2.2 Label, StaticText, Panel . 148
3.2.3 Edit, LabeledEdit MaskEdlt
150
3.2.4 Memo RichEdit
155
3.2.5 ListBox, CheckListBox,
ValueListEditor, ComboBox, ComboBoxEx
160
3.2.6 StringGrid
168
3.3 ,
170
3.3.1 , . . . 170

3.3.2
UpDown CSpinEdit
3.3.3
DateTimePicker, MonthCalendar, CCalendar
3.3.4 Excel FIBook
3.4

3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2 Tree View Outline . .
3.5.3 Windows
List View
3.6
3.6.1 . .
3.6.2 DrawGrid StringGrid
3.6.3 Shape
3.6.4 Chart
3.6.5 Chartfx
3.6.6
ProgressBar CGauge
3.7 , ,
3.7.1
3.7.2 Button BitBtn
3.7.3 SpeedButton
3.7.4 RadioGroup,
RadioButton GroupBox
3.7.5 CheckBox CheckListBox
3.7.6 TrackBar ScrollBar.
3.7.7 HeaderControl Header
3.7.8 Timer
3.8
3.8.1 MainMenu
3.8.2 PopupMenu
3.8.3 HotKey
3.9
3.9.1
3.9.2 Panel,
GroupBox, Bevel, ScrollBox, Splitter
3.9.3 TabControl,
PageControl, TabSet, TabbedNotebook, Notebook
3.9.4 ToolBar PageScroller .
3.9.5 CoolBar ControlBar
3.9.6 StatusBar
3.9.7
3.10
3.10.1
3.10.2
OpenDialog, SaveDialog, OpenPictureDialog, SavePictureDialog . .
3.10.3
DriveComboBox, DirectoryListBox, FilterComboBox,
FileListBox CDirectoryOutline
3.10.4 FontDialog
3.10.5 ColorDialog ColorBox
3.10.6
PrintDialog PrinterSetupDialog
3.10.7
FindDialog ReplaceDialog
171
172
173
. .
. .
175
176
176
176
182
186
186
187
189
189
194
196
198
198
199
202
203
205
. . 206
207
208
209
209
214
215
217
217
219
221
. . 224
227
229
230
237
237
. .
239
244
246
248
250
252
C++Builder 6
2.
4.
257
259
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5

259
ImageList
262
ActionList
265

268
ActionManager,
ActionMainMenuBar, ActionToolBar, CustomizeDlg
271
4.5.1 ActionManager
271
4.5.2
275
4.6 ApplicationEvents Application . . . 279
4.7 Screen , . . 285
5. . . .
5.1 Windows . . .
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.4
5.1.5
5.1.6
5.1.7
5.1.8
5.1.9 -
5.2
5.2.1 Align
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4 . . . .
5.2.5
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.1.1
5.3.1.2 , ,

5.3.2
5.3.2.1
5.3.2.2
5.4
5.4.1 Drag&Drop . . .
5.4.2 Drag&Doc.

5.4.3
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.2 :
5.5.3

5.5.4
( MDI)
5.5.5

5.6
5.6.1 Print
5.6.2 , . . .
289
289
289
291
291
296
298
299
301
302
305
308
308
311
312
314
314
315
315
315
318
321
321
322
325
325
328
335
340
340
344
346
349
351
354
354
354

5.6.3 Windows
ShellExecute
355
5.6.4 Printer
355
5.7
357
5.7.1
357
5.7.2 : . . . 364
5.7.3 .ini
369
6.
373
6.1
373
6.1.1
373
6.1.1.1 Image
373
6.1.1.2
375
6.1.1.3
375
6.1.4 TPicture,
TBitmap, TIcon TMetafile
376
6.1.2 Image Editor
378
6.1.2.1
378
6.1.2.2
380
6.1.2.3
381
6.1.2.4
382
6.1.3
384
6.1.3.1
384
6.1.3.2
385
6.1.3.3
386
6.1.3.4 Brush
390
6.1.4 . . . 391
6.1.5
395
6.1.5.1
395
6.1.5.2
396
6.1.6
398
6.1.7 OnPaint
405
6.2
407
6.2.1
407
6.2.1.1
407
6.2.1.2 , MessageBeep PlaySound . . . 408
6.2.2
411
6.2.3 Animate
418
6.2.4 MediaPlayer
421
7. , ,
7.1
7.2
7.2.1 execlp
7.2.2 spawnlp
7.2.3 WinExec
7.2.4 CreateProcess
7.2.5
ShellExecute
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2 API Windows
7.4 Windows
7.4.1 C++Builder
7.4.2
7.4.2.1 SendMessage, PostMessage Perform
7.4.2.3
7.4.3
7.4.4
427
427
. 427
428
429
432
434
436
,439
439
441
441
441
443
443
443
445
448
10
C++Builder 6
7.5 DDE
7.5.1
7.5.2
7.5.3
7.5.3.1 -
7.5.3.2 -
7.5.3.3
7.5.3.4
7.5.3.5
7.6
7.6.1 TThread
7.6.2
7.6.3
7.7 OLE
7.8
7.8.1
7.8.2
7.8.3
7.8.4 ActiveX
7.9 -
7.9.1 - C++Builder 6 5
7.9.2 Word
7.9.3 Word
7.10 CORBA
7.10.1
7.10.2 CORBA C++Builder
8. C++Builder
450
450
450
453
453
454
455
457
457
459
459
463
468
472
478
478
480
486
491
495
495
499
505
510
510
510
. . 513
8.1 - CLX
8.2
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
8.3.3
8.3.4
8.3.5
8.3.6
4 DLL
8.4.1 DLL
8.4.2 DLL
8.4.3 DLL
8.4.4 DLL
8.5
8.5.1
8.5.2
513
517
519
519
522
524
527
530
534
539
539
540
541
545
547
547
548
3.
9. .
9.1
9.1.1
9.1.2
1
9.1.2.1
9.1.2.2 -
9.1.2.3 /
9.1.2.4
9.1.3 C++Builder
9.2 Database Desktop
553
.
555
555
555
558
559
559
*>0
60
J60
562
11
9.2.1
562
9.2.2
564
9.2.3
566
9.2.3.1 Validity Checks
566
9.2.3.2 Table Lookup
566
9.2.3.3 Secondary Indexes
567
9.2.3.4 Referential Integrity
569
9.2.3.5 Password Security
570
9.2.3.6 Table Language
571
9.2.3.7 Dependent Tables
571
9.2.4
571
9.2.5
Database Desktop
572
9.3
, ,
573
9.3.1

573
9.3.2 Database Desktop . . . 574
9.3.3
BDE Administrator
576
9.3.4 SQL Explorer
577
9.4 , . . . . 579
9.5 Table

580
9.5.1 ,

580
9.5.2
583
9.5.3
580
9.5.4
586
9.5.5
588
9.6
591
9.7 . . . . 594
9.8 Session
598
9.9 BatchMove
600
9.10
602
9.10.1
602
9.10.2 (lookup fields)
603
9.11
605
9.11.1
605
9.11.2
606
9.11.3
607
9.11.4
609
9.11.5
611
9.11.6
611
9.11.7
614
9.11.8
615
9.12
617
9.13
'
622
9.14
623
9.14.1
628
9.14.2 ,
628
9.14.3
630
9.14.4
631
9.14.5
633
9.14.6 BDEClientDataSet
638
12
C++Builder 6
10.

641
10.1 SQL
641
10.1.1
641
10.1.2 Select
642
10.1.2.1
642
10.1.2.2
644
10.1.2.3
646
10.1.2.4
646
10.1.3
648
10.1.4
649
10.1.5
650
10.1.6 Query
651
10.1.6.1
651
10.1.6.2 Query
653
10.1.6.3 Query,
655
10.1.6.4 Query
656
10.1.6.5 , Query UpdateSQL . . 657
10.1.7 SQL
661
10.2
664
10.2.1 . . . 664
10.2.2 , Database
665
10.2.3 SQL Monitor
667
10.2.4
669
10.3 InterBase /
670
10.3.1
670
10.3.2 IBConsole
670
10.3.3 Interactive SQL
674
10.3.4 Views
677
10.3.5
677
10.3.5.1
677
10.3.5.2
679
10.3.5.3
681
10.4 Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects (ADO). . . 682
10.4.1 BDE ADO
682
10.4.2 ADO
683
10.4.3 ADOConnection,

686
10.4.4
689
10.5 InterBase InterBase Express (IBX)
693
10.5.1 InterBase Express (IBX)
693
10.5.2 IBDatabase IBTransaction
695
10.5.3 IBTable, IBQuery, IBStoredProc
697
10.6 dbExpress
698
10.6.1
698
10.6.2 SQLConnection
699
10.6.3 SQLTable, SQLQuery,
SQLDataSet, SQLStoredProc, SQLClientDataSet
701
10.7 MIDAS
703
11.
11.1 Decision Cube
11.1.1
11.1.2
11.1.3 DecisionPivot
11.1.4 DecisionGraph
705
705
705
709
711
713

11.2
11.3
12.
12.1 WWW
12.2 , WWW
12.3 HTML
12.4
12.5 Web CGI
12.6 Web C++Builder
12.6.1 Web
12.6.2
12.7 CGI DLL ISAPI
12.8 HTML
12.8.1
12.8.2
12.9 HTML
12.10
12.10.1
12.10.2
12.10.3
12.11
12.11.1
12.11.2
12.12
4.
13. C++
13.1
13.2
13.2.1 #include
13.2.2 #define #undef
13.2.2.1
13.2.2.2
13.2.2.3 #undef
13.2.3 : #if, #endif, #ifdef, #ifndef,
#else, #elif
13.3
13.3.1
13.3^2
13.4
;
13.4.1
13.4.2
13.5
13.5.1
13.5.2
13.5.3 const
13.5.4
13.5.5
13.5.6 inline
13.5.7
13.5.8
13.6
13.6.1 ,
13.6.2
namespace using
13
....
713
720
729
729
730
. . 730
733
739
741
741
743
745
746
746
748
750
754
754
757
761
765
765
768
771
773
775
775
776
776
777
777
778
780
781
782
782
784
785
785
785
788
788
792
793
794
795
797
797
799
800
800
801
14
,
C++Builder 6
13.7
803
13.7.1
803
13.7.2
803
13.7.3 , Assign . . . 805
13.7.4
807
13.7.5
808
13.7.6
808
13.7.7 ()
809
13.7.8 (?:)
810
13.7.9 sizeof
810
13.7.10 typeid
811
13.7.11 (&) (*)
811
13.7.12 (::)
811
13.7.13 : (.) (->)
811
13.7.14 (<<) ( )
812
13.7.15
815
13.7.16
816
13.8
819
13.8.1
819
13.8.1.1 if
819
13.8.1.2 switch
820
13.8.1.3 goto
821
13.8.2
822
13.8.2.1 for
822
13.8.2.2 do...while.
824
13.8.2.3 while
825
13.8.2.4 : break, Continue,
return, Abort
826
13.9
827
13.10
831
13.10.1
831
13.10.2 VCL Exception
832
13.10.3 try ... catch
833
13.10.4 EAbort Abort
836
14. C++
14.1 ,
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.4.1
14.4.2 AnsiString
14.5
14.6
14.7
14.8
14.9
14.9.1 /
14.9.2 /
14.9.2.1
14.9.2.2
14.9.2.3
14.9.2.4 /,
14.9.3 / C++
14.9.3.1
14.9.3.2
14.9.3.3
14.10
839
839
842
843
845
845
848
850
852
854
857
858
858
859
859
860
863
866
869
869
872
875
877

14.10.1
14.10.2
14.10.3 ,
14.11
14.11.1
14.11.2
14.11.3 C++
14.12
14.12.1
14.12.2 -, ,

14.12.3 -, ,
14.12.4
14.12.5 , ,

14.12.6 ,
C++Builder
14.12.6.1
14.12.6.2
14.12.7
15.
C++Builder
15.1
15.2
15.3 Tools
15.4
15.5 Code Insight
15.6
15.7
15.8
15.9
15.9.1 ,

15.9.2
15.9.3
15.9.4
15.9.5 Directories/Conditionals
15.10
877
879
880
882
882
883
885
886
886
. . . .
888
891
892
895
898
898
901
902
905
905
906
907
909
912
913
915
917
920
920
922
923
924
926
928
16. , C++, C++Builder, API Windows . . 931

16.1
931
16.1.1
931
16.1.2 ,
. . . . 933
16.1.2.1
933
16.1.2.2
937
16.1.2.3 Format
938
16.1.2.4 TFloatFormat TFloatValue

941
16.1.2.5 FormatFloat
942
16.1.3 ,
944
16.1.3.1 doserrno, errno _sys_nerr ,

944
16.1.3.2
944
16.1.3.3 EDOM, ERANGE
946
16.1.3.4 _matherr matherrl
946
16.1.3.5 assert
948
16.2
948
16
C++Builder 6
16.2.1 ,
948
16.2.2
949
16.2.3
952
16.2.4
954
16.2.5
956
16.3
958
16.3.1
958
16.3.1.1 char * . . . . 958
16.3.1.2 ,
SysUtils.hpp
960
16.3.2
964
16.3.3
970
16.4
971
16.4.1
971
16.4.2
973
16.4.2.1
973
16.4.2.2
974
16.4.2.3 AnsiString
980
16.5
984
16.5.1 ,
984
16.5.2 , FILE . . 986
16.5.3 , . . . 989
16.5.4 /
993
16.5.5
999
16.5.6
1001
16.6
1012
16.6.1
1012
16.6.2 exec... spawn
1013
16.6.3 API Windows

1019
16.6.3.1
1019
16.6.3.2 ShellExecute
1020
16.6.3.3 FindExecutable
1022
16.6.3.4 WinExec
1023
16.7
1023
16.7.1
1023
16.7.2
1028
16.7.2.1 ShowMessage ShowMessageFmt
1028
16.7.2.2 MessageDlg, MeasageDlgPos CreateMessageDialog
1028
16.7.2.3 TApplication->MessageBox
1032
16.7.2.4 InputBox InputQuery
1035
16.7.2.5 SelectDirectory, LogihDialog, LoginDialogEx
1036
16.7.3
1037
16.7.4 C++ C++Builder
1040
16.7J5 API Windows
1045
16.8 Windows
1048
16.8.1 PostMessage
1048
16.8.2 SendMessage
1049
16.8.3 RegisterWindowMessage
1050
16.8.4 Perform
1050
16.8.5 WMJJSER
1051
16.8.6 TMessage
1051
17., , , ,
17.1
Align
Bitmap
BoundsRect
Brush
1053
1053
1053
1056
1057
1058
JJ
Canvas
Charset
ClientHeight
ClientOrigin
ClientRect
'
ClientWidth
ClipRect
Color
CommaText, DelimitedText, Delimiter. QuoteChar
ComponentCount
Componentlndex
Components
ControlCount
Controls
CopyMode
Cursor
Delimiter
DelimitedText
DragCuraor
DragKind
DragMode
Font
Handle
Height
Height
HelpContext
HelpKeyword
HelpType
Imagelndex
Left
Mode TPen
Name
Parent
ParentColor
Pen
PenPos
Pitch
Pixels
QuoteChar
Shortcut
Size
Style TPen
Style TBrush
Style TFont
Tag
Top
TransparentColor
TransparentMode
Visible
Width
17.2
Add
Assign
Assign
BeginDrag
BringToFront
BrushCopy
Chord
ClassName
Clear
ClientToParent ParentToClient
ClientToScreen
CopyRect
Delete
Draw
DrawFocusRect
Ellipse
Exchange
FillRect
FindNextControl
FloodFill
FrameRect
Free
Hide
IndexOf
Insert
1059
1059
1060
1060
1061
1061
1062
1062
1064
1064
1064
1064
1065
1065
1066
1068
1069
1069
1069
1069
1069
1070
1071
1071
1071
1072
1072
1073
1073
1073
1073
1074
1075
1075
1075
1076
1076
1076
1077
1077
1077
1078
1078
1079
1079
1080
1080
1080
1080
1082
1082
1082
1083
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1087
1088
1088
1089
1090
1090
1091
1091
1092
1092
1093
1093
1094
1095
1095
1096
1096
1096
18
C++Builder 6
LineTo
LoadFromClipboardFormat
LDadFromFile
Move
MoveTo
ParentToCHent
Pie
PolyBezier PolyBezierTo
Polygon
Polyline
Rectangle
Refresh
Repaint
RoundRect
SaveToClipboardFormat
SaveToFile
ScreenToClient
SelectFirat
SelectNext
SendToBack
SetBounds
SetFocus
Show
StretchDraw
TextExtent
TextHeight
TextOut
TextRect
TextWidth
Update
1097
1097
1098
1098
1099
1099
1099
1100
1101
1101
1102
1102
1103
1103
1104
1105
1105
1106
1106
1106
1107
1107
1108
1108
1108
1109
1109
1110
1111
1111
17.3
1112
17.4
1124
17.5 ,
VCL
C++Builder 6
1145
1150
On Change TCanvas
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VCL
AnsiString
Set
TBitmap
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TPicture
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1112
1112
1112
1113
1113
1113
1115
1116
1117
1117
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1122
1123
1123
1123
1124
1124
1126
1129
1132
1133
1136
1136
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1140
1141
1'142

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39
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//
//
linclude <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
// ,
USERES("Projectl.res") ;
USEFORMC'Unitl .", Forml);
USEFORM("Unit2.cpp", Form2);
//
// main
WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, int)
try
Application->Initialize();
Application->CreateForm ( classic! (TForml) , sForml) ;
Application->CreateForm( classid(TForm2), &Form2);
Application->Run();
44
1
catch (Exception êxception)
{
Application->ShowException(Sexception);
}
return 0;
(
, " # ' .
(. . 13.2).
#include,
.
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C++Builder
45
WinMain return(O),
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Application->CreateForra( classid(TForm2), 5Form2);
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46
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Unitl.h (
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include "Unitl.h"
Unitl.h, WinMain
WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPSTR S, int)
.. S, ,
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begin(S);
begin .
begin :
void begin(String s)
(
//
)
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Project2 .. .
. .
C++Builder
47
*-~~------~-~-"--...-. - , , C++Builder .
Project!, .
1.9.4
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TButton). ,
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:
//
#ifndef UnitlH
#define UnitlH
//
linclude <Classes.hpp>
înclude <Controls.hpp>
#include <StdCtrls.hpp>
#include <Forms.hpp>
//
// ( , include),
//
//
// TForml
class TForml : public TForm
{
published:
// IDE-managed Components
//
' ,
TButton *Buttonl;
TLabel Labell;
void _ fastcall ButtonlClick(TObject *Sender);

private:
// User declarations
//
// , , ,
// ,
public:
//
// , , ,
//
fastcall TForml(TComponent* Owner);
);
//
extern PACKAGE TForml *Forml;
//
// , , ,
// ;
//
//
#endif
:
/
înclude <vcl.h>
48
1
#pragma hdrstop
include "Unitl.h"
pragma package(smart_init)
pragma resource "*.dfm"
//
// ( , include),
//
// Forml
TForml *Forml;
//
__
__
// Forml
fastcall TForml::TForml(TCOmponent* Owner)
: TForm(Owner)
(
// ,
// '
)
//
// ,
//
// ;
// ,
// ,
// ,
void
fastcall TForml::ButtonlClick(TObject *Sender)
(
Closed ;
. . , C++Bullder
include, , , , , ,
. . include .
.
TForml. :
published
, , private , public
.
published : Buttonl TButton
Labell TLabel. ButtonlClick Buttonl. ,

published, C++Builder . , , . private public , , . , C++Builder public, . , private, . ,
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PACKAGE, .
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TLabel. , ,
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:
,-
#ifndef UnitlH
define UnitlH
//
#include <Classes.hpp>
include <Controls.hpp>
linclude <StdCtrls.hpp>
lindude <Forras.hpp>
{
published:
TLabel *Labell;
TButton *Buttonl;
void
fastcall ButtOnlClick(TObject *Sender);
private:
// Fl Ch6
void
fastcall Fl(char C h ) ;
char Ch6;
public:
// Chi F2
// ,
//
50
1
char Chi;
void
fastcall F2(char Ch) ;
};
it.
______________
__
extern PACKAGE TForml *Forml;

// Ch2 F3
II ; Ch2 ,
II extern;
II F3 ,
II
char Ch2;
void. F3 (char Ch) ;
fendif
:
//
include <vcl.h>
pragma hdrstop
include "Unitl.h"
Ipragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm"
TForml *Forml;
//
fastcall TForml::TForml(TCcmponent* Owner)
: TForm(Owner)
(
]
II
// Ch3 F4
// ; Ch3 ,
// extern;
// F4 ,
//
char Ch3;
void F4(char Ch)
(
Forml->Labell->Caption = Forml->Labell->Caption + Ch + Forml->Chl;
(
//
void
f a s t c a l l T F o r m l : : F l ( c h a r Ch)
(
Labell->Caption = Labell->Caption + Ch + Chi;
)
ii
void
fastcall TForml::F2(char Ch)
(
Labell->Capticn - Labell->Caption + Ch + Chi;
]
//
void F3(char-Ch)
Forml->Labell->Caption = Forml->Labell->Caption + Ch +
Forml->Chl;
)
//
void
fastcall TForml::ButtonlClick(TObject *Serfder)
{
// Ch4
char Ch4;
Chi = '-';
C++Builder
51
Ch2 = 'A';
Ch3 = '';
Ch4 = ' ;
Labell->Caption = "";
Fl(Chi);
F2(Ch2);
F3(Ch3);
F4(Ch4);
Labell->Font->Color = clRed;
(
Button 1 Click Button 1 : F1-F4, : ChiCh4.
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Chi, .
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1.9.5.2
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109
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File | New | Other New Items (. 2.28).
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111
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, .
Sort by Name.
" = " Ctrl-,
, , . . , , - .
C++Builder 6, Ctrl-
, , . , Code Insight , Enter.
, ,
Code Insight , ,
, . , ,
, . ,
, Code Insight,
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(. . 14.2.6). Ctrl-J. . ,
for, :
for (; ;)
, , .

Code Insight . 2.8.3 . Code
Insight
.
Code browser
Code Insight, , , . , ,
Code Insight . .
C++Builder 6
115
Code browser , Ctrl. ,

. ,
, , , , . .
, Code browser.
Code browser ,
C++Builder Project |
Options ( Directories/Conditionals) Tools | Environment Options (
Library).
Code browser , , .
2.7.2 ClassExplorer
ClassExplorer , ,
, , ,
, .
(. . 2.30) (. . 2.4 ). ,
Automatically show Explorer
ClassExplorer Tools I Environment Options.
View |
ClassExplorer. . 2.2.8, .
. 2.30
ClassExplorer
""! TFoimi
:f int A
Q) TButton " Buttoni
fij int FA
Q TLabel-Labell
;
if double P
. %, void SetA[int value)
*$j TForm1(TComponent" Owner)
E- TForm2
TMemo-Memol
1
^ TForm2(TComponent" Owner]
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' , void FFtint A; double P)
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TForm2), (public) () (),
( published) (Buttonl, Labell), (private) (FA) (SetA). , (FF). , , ,
.
, , .
116

, , . ,

Go to Declaration.
, Go to
Implementation ( ).
Class
Hierarchy. , , ClassExplorer (
), , , .
, . , , . .
. 8, . 8.3.6.
2.7.3 ,

, , , , , . - , ,
( , ) F1,
. ++ilder 6 VCL CLX (. 8.1),
, ,
(. . 2.31).
Windows, VCL, CLX.
[3],
( . 2.31). ,
.

(. . 2.31), .
, ( . 2.31). , , CLX, , .
.
,
. , (. 2.32).
. 2.31

TComboBox (Visual Component Reference Help]
-
117
C++Builder 6
. 2.32

Find Declaration
Open Source/Header File Qrh-F6
Co
l se Page
CM+F4
Open File Bt Cursor Ctrl+Enter
New Edit Wn
idow
Tope Search
Fl
AddTo-Oo Item.,, SNft+GtrH-T
BBookmarkD
i Bookmarki
9 Bookmark 2
Goto Bookmarks
Debug
Read Onyl
Message Ve
iw
Ve
i w Explorer
Properties
Sl+rl+
P Bookmarkt
i Bookmark^
p Bookmark 6
Bookmark?
Bookmark 8
! Bookmark 9
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Find Declaration . ,
. (, ..)
, ,
. - , , ,
, . ,
, Close Page.
,
#include, Open File at Cursor, , , ..
.
-
. , , Toggle Bookmarks. ,
. 2.32. ,
, .
. - , .
, Goto Bookmarks .
.
Grl-K- ( Ctrl-K )
, , . Ctrl-K .
,
, , -
, .
New Edit Window.
118
, . ,
.
2.7.4 C++Builder
OpenHelp
C++Builder Help. , , :
C++Builder Help
C++Builder C++
C++Builder Tools
C++Builder 6
Windows SDK
Windows
STLport Help
(Standard Template Library), HTML
.
Help. -
C++Builder. - , Fl , . , , - , - Fl,
. , .
,
. 2.31 . 2.7.3. ,
.
, .
, ,
. .
C++ C++Builder,
. , , , ,
Visual Component Library
Reference ( ), Alphabetical Object and Component Listing ( ) . , .
, , , Visual Component Library Reference ( ), Alphabetical Routines Listing
( ) Categorical Routines Listing (
), .
C++,
Runtime Library rieierence ( ) Standard C++ Library. .
O+Builder 6
119
API Windows, Windows ..

Windows SDK Help. Windows C++Builder .
, . Borland OpenHelp,
Help | Customize. . 2.33. OpenHelp
..
, . , . , C-H-Builder ( . 2.33
C++Builder), *" . - ,
. [3] , .
. 2.33
OpenHelp Contents
Fie * U*
t
Contents n
i dex I bnk
$t C++B jidei Po
i gtammers' Gud
ie
^Developing Database Application
$t Developing Internet Applications
^Component Writer's Gud
ie
Developing COM based applications
_ Runhme Library Reference
^ S t a n d a d C++ Library Help
^CMBuldet Command-line Tools
^Visual Comoonent Libf ay Releience
^ C L X Reference
^tlrteiBaseEi<piessRefehce
D \Prope
ôdeGuad User's Guide

^Translation Tods
D \Pro9an
D
...'. ':-.
D:\fte
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OpenHelp .
.ohp /Help.
: (Contents),
,
C++Builder F1.
OpenHelp
. , WINHELP.INI
. , OpenHelp File | Cleor, Registry.
.
.toe,
Windows .cnt, Include. , :
1. OpenHelp Contents (. . 2.33).
2. Edit | Add Files.
3. .toe .cnt.
120
4.
5.
.
.
,
Contents.
6. File | Save Project File | Save Project As.
:
1. OpenHelp Contents.
2. .
3. Edit | Remove.
4. File | Save Project File | Save Project As.
..

, ,
Index ..
- ., ALink. C++Builder
F1 , , . - ,
, , Link.
2.8
2.8.1

(
). ,
.
, .
C++Builder , .
.
(. . 2.3.3), , , , .
Run | Run, ,
F9. , ,
. . , . ,
.
, . 2.34. .
:
( . 2.34 UnitS.cpp) (Linking). (Current
line), , (Total lines).

(Hints), (Warnings) (Errors). Cancel .
C++Builder 6
. 2.34

121
Pwe
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Urnt3
CuitnlkieHints-
18J523
0
Wairsngs
felines
0
46
Ejfors:
, . , ,
, . .
, , , . .
Run ,
- .
Run [ Parameters
.
.
, - .
: Project | Compile Unit,
Project | Make Project Project [ Build Project.
Compile , .
,
. ,
.obj .
Make ,
.
, .obj
. ,
.. , Moke Run , .
Build Make , , . , .
. , ,
, , . , Build, . .
: Project | Make Ail
Projects Project | Build All Projects. Make
Build, (. . 2.3.3) ,
.
C++Builder 6 5 . Tools | Environment Options
Preferences Background Compilation ( . .
15.10). . , , , . ,
122
. ,
: , .
, - ,
, ( C+4-Builder 6
).
, ( Run) . 2.34 : Done: Make : , Done: There are errors : , Done: There are
warnings : .
2.8.2
.
,
, . . , Label Button.
:
void
int i , j ;
double A;
f o r ( i = 0 ; i < 50;
A *- 10000;
Labell->Caption
"A
// 10000
for, 50 , 10000 .
Run | Run, , F9. ,
. 2.35. , ,
, Project | Options Compiler
vVarnings . ,
. . , . 2.35, , . ,
. 15.9.3.
. 2.35

Unit!
fagtcalj. TForml::ButconlClick[TObject
int a, j;
double A;
, for(i = 0: i < 50; 1++)
| A - lOOaa;
// 10000
I
24: 30
jModified
Insert
;\l_lnit1 cpp/linin ii
1* Wainng] Unili .cpp(23): WB013 Possible use of W before deiiilion

|C*Enor]Unitl.cpp(24): E2451 Undefined symbol'B'
|C Wainmgl Unil1.cpp[25]. W8080 V is declared bul nevoc used
|C Wainmgl Unil1.opp|25]. W8057 Parameter 'Sender' never used
"Sender)
C++Builder 6
123
. , , , .
,
, , . ,
.
.
. , ( , ), , Message View.
. :
[C++ Warning] U n i t l . ( 2 3 ) : W8013 P o s s i b l e use of 'A' b e f o r e d e f i n i t i o n
([C++ ] U n i t l . , 2 3 : W8013
' ' , , , )
,
23 . , ,
.
. ,
*= 10000;
// 10000
, . , a Warning . , ,
. , , 1,
:
double = 1;
:
= 1;
,
, . , .
, .

. ,
, .
, ,
.

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,
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124
2
. 2.35. :
[C++ Error] Unitl.cpp(24): 2451 Undefined symbol ''
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.
Labell->Caption = " = " + ;
, .
.
, , , , .
,
.
:
[C++ W a r n i n g ] U n i t l . ( 2 5 ) : W8080 ' j ' i s d e c l a r e d b u t n e v e r u s e d
([C++ ] U n i t l . , 2 5 : W8080 ' j '
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. j ,
, , , , .
:
[C++ Warning] Unitl.(25): W8057 Parameter 'Sender' is never used
([C++ ] Unitl., 25: W8057
'Sender' )
Sender, . , . , .
, - .
, , , :
[C++ E r r o r ] U n i t l . ( 2 4 ) : 2060 I l l e g a l use o f f l o a t i n g p o i n t
([C++ ] U n i t l . , 24: E2060 )
,
Labell->Caption = " = " + ;
" = " .
, , .
:
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, :
double A = 1;
void
{
int i;
for(i = 0 ; i < 50; i++)
A *- 10000;
// 10000
Labell->Caption = "A = " + FloatToStr(A);
]
.
125
C++Builder 6
2.8.3 ,
, , ,
, .
. ,
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. 2.36

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Project Projectl .exe raised exception class I

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Insert
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126
, , , , , . , , .. ! ,
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Run | Run (
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, , , : =1+308.
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View | Debug Windows | Watches. .
OH-F5. ( C+4-Builder).
, QH-F5 . , - , OH-F5
(. 2.39).
C++Builder 6
127
. 2.39
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-10000: +INF
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10 , * 10000 +INF. . ,
10000 , double
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Labell>Caption,
: Undefined symbol 'Labell'
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Forml, 2.39, .
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Register Variables.
,
, .
, . .
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. ,
, : Edit Watch ( ) Add Watch ( ). Watch
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128
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Grgup name
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count . , X,
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, , , . Allow Side Effects, ,
1 , . ,
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. ,
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, Forml>Labell>Caption, Forml>
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129
. 2.39. (). Watch List Add Group .

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. (.
308
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10 .
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2.8.5 Evaluate/Modify
Evaluate/Modify , . Run J Evaluate/Modify. Debug |
Evaluate/Modify ,
.
, . 2.41 . Expression . , Evoluate, Result .
, . Expression , , Modify, . .. .
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Expression , New
value - (
. 2.41 / 2300) Modify.
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130
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Step Over
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F8
,
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Trace Into
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131
C++Builder 6
Run Until Return

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, ,
.
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, , , .

(. 2.42 ), .
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I I 17 freak
: : P ignore subsecjjent exceptions
: " Handle subsequent exceptions
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Condition () . , true. i==26.
Pass Count , . . Pass Count 2.
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134
. . 2.44 Enable Group ( ) Disable Group ( ).

, .
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. Break, , . Ignore
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, (. . 2.8.3, . 2.36) . Ignore
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140
, C++Builder, OutputDebugString . , OutputDebugString , .

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,
.
,
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. 2.49 (. ). , , . 15.8, . .
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( View j Debug Windows | Call Stock)
, , , . (
View | Debug Windows | Modules) , . , ,
.,
.
, ,
.
,
.
, , . ,
.
2.8.11 ,

C++ C++Builder. , ,
.
C++Builder assert.
:
#include <assert.h>
void assert(int test);
test, , - . test ( 0), abort

.
C++Builder 6
141
.
#include <assert.h>
, , :
f o r ( i = 0 ; i < 50; i++)
{
*- 10000;
a s s e r t ( < 1300);
}
300
< 10 ,
. ,
, . 2.50. , , , , .
. 2.50
assert
ill
Assertton failed: A < 1, ffc F:\TtsV>ebug\21Unitl .cpp, (no 25
: assert,
if?. assert , , , NDEBUG.
ttinclude <assert.h>
define NDEBUG
, , assert, . , , .
,
, .
, assert ,
. , . My Warning,
assert,
msg. , ,
,
, . - ,
.
# i f d e f NDEEV3
#define MyWarnir.g (p,rasg)
((void)0)
#else
//
#define MyWarning(p.msg) (() ?(void)0 : (ShowMessage((msg)+
", ("+AnsiString(*p)+")\ " + AnsiString( FILE ) +
", " + IntToStr( LINE ))))
tendif
142
,

MyWarning(A < 1300, " = " +FloatToStr() + ", i = " + IntToStr(i));
, , 10
, . 2.51.
. 2.51
MyWarning
300
= 1304, i = 25, ( < 1)

F:\Te5ts\Debug\2\llnitl.cppj 32
, ,
, . , , , .
#ifdef NDEBUG
define MyAssert(p,msg)
((void)O)
#else
//
define MyAssert(p,msg) (() ?(void)0 :
(FMyAssert((msg), FILE , LINE
#endif
void FMyAssert(String msg, String sFile, int Line)
(
ShowMessage((msg)+"\ " + sFile + "f " +
IntToStr(Line));
abort () ;
)
)))
MyAssert :
MyAssert( < 1300, " = " +FloatToStr() + ", i = " + IntToStr(i));
, , , . , ,

define NDEBUG
, , ,
, . :
lifndef NDEBUG

#endif
, . C++Builder , ,
. , .
, . , ,
, .
C++Builder 6
143
//
TForm FDebug;
//
* Memol;
'/'/'void
fastcall TForml::FormCreate(TObject *Sender)
(
lifndef NDEBUG
//
FDebug = new TForm(Application) ;
FDebug->Caption = "";
Memol - new TMemo(FDebug);
Memol->Parent = FDebug;
Memol->ScrollBars = ssVertical;
Memol->Align = alClient;
FDebug->Show();
#endif
}
//
void
fastcall TForml::FormDestroy(TObject *Sender)
(
lifndef NDEBUG
//
FDebug->Release();
#endif
>
/
void
fastcall TForml::ButtonlClick(TObject *Sender}
(
for(int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
(
A *= 10000;
lifndef NDEBUG
//
Memol->Lmes->Add("A = " + FloatToStr (A)+" , i=" + IntToStr (i) ) ;
#endif
}
Labell->Caption = "A = " + FloatToStr(A);
)
, . OnCreate FDebug Memol. .

OnDestroy . , , NDEBUG.

. , . 2.52,
.
- , .
, ,
#define NDEBUG
, , . , ,
.
- , -
-
, . ,
, , , , C++Builder. -
144

. .
. 2.52

A-1E60J-14
A-1E64J-15
A.1E68J-16
-172>17
A = 1E7S>18
80, i-19
- 184, i=20
- 18,.-21
A-1E32>22
-196.23
A-1E1OO.i-24
-1104,1-25
- 1108, i-2G
A = 1E1l2,i.27
A = 1EHG, i=28
, , . , , Debug.txt.
debug, :
bool debug = FileExistsCDebug.txt");
(, ),
,
if(debug)
, Debug.txt ,
.
, . ,
, Debug.txt, , , . ,
, , .
3

C++Builder
3.1
VCL C++Builder, , , C++Builder.
(. . 15.2), , (. . 8). ,
C++Builder 6 . 2.2 . 2.1.4.
Samples ActiveX C++Builder
. Samples ...\EXAMPLES\CONTROLS\
SOURCE. ,
.
ActiveX .
, Property , , .
Samples ActiveX
. , .
Win 3.1 32-
Windows. , Windows, Windows 3.x. 32-
Win 3.1, . 3.1.
3.1. Win 3.1
32-
Win 3.1
DBLookupListBox
DBLookupList
DBLookupCombo
DBLooknpComboBox
Data Controls
TabSet
TabControl
Win32
Outline
Tree View
Win32
Header
HeaderControl
Win32
NoteBook
TabbedNoteBook
PageControl
Win32
PageControl
Win32
Data Controls
146

C++Builder.
, C++Builder.
Data Access, Data Controls, ADO, Interbase, dbExpress . 9, 10, 11 .
Decision Cube, QReport . 11. . 6 (. 6.2). Servers . 7, . 7.9 . 11, . 11.3. Internet FastNet
. 12.
,
, .
, . .
3.2

3.2.1

C++Builder
, , . . 3.2 C++Builder 6 ,
.
, , . 9 10.
3.2.
Label ()
Standard
,
. , . Caption.
JA
StaticText
(
)
Additional
Label,

. Caption.
Panel ()
Standard

,
.
Caption.
Jrtf.
Edit
( )
Standard
, .

. Text.
C++Builder

MaskEdit
( )
Additional
147

. Text H.EditText.
LabeledEdit
Additional
(
)
Edit Label. Text EditLabel.Caption. C++Builder 6.
Memo
Standard
(
)
, . . Lines.
RichEdit
Win32
(
RTF)

Windows RTF,

,
. Lines.
ListBox
( )
Standard
CheckListBox
Additional
( )^
ValueListEditor Additional
( )
ComboBox
( )
Standard
CoraboBoxEx
Win32
(
)
StringGrid
Additional
( )

Windows, . Items.

ListBox
CheckBox.

= .
: Keys ,
Values .
C++Builder 6.
ListBox
Edit. , . Items.
.
Items. C++Builder 6.
| |
!
1

. Cells.
148

Canvas () ,
, , (. . 6.1.3). ,
Canvas->TextOut(60,16,"Canvas")
, (60, 16), Canvas.

, .
, , (, ..),
Font, , .
.
3.2.2 Label,
StaticText, Panel

Label, StaticText Panel. ,
. Panel : .
.
. 3.1. Panel
. 3.38 . 3.7.2.
. 3.1
>
Label (a)
1|=1. Alignment-taCentei
StaticText ( 6 )
Align=airop. Aligriment.taCentei. Coloi-cFWhile
Align=alNone. Color=rlWhitc
WordWrapMalse, Aut
p
AutoSize=false
)
BorderStj/lessbxNune
Boidei5tyle=sbsNone
[BoiderStjFle=sbsSing]e| |BorderStyle=sbsSingie]
iBorderStyie^sbsSunken BorderStyle-sbsSunken
;
'
Aligrunent=taCeriter,
AutoSize=false,
ord ei S t I e^sbsS unken
C++Builder
149
, , Caption.
. :
Labell->Caption = " ";
Caption AnsiString (.
. 16). . . ,
Labell->Caption = 5.1;
5,1.
, , FloatToStr IntToStr,
. , , " + " ,
(). , I, , Labell :
L a b e l l - > C a p t i o n = " :
"+IntToStr(I);
Color, Color Font. , (

) . 3.1 . 3.1 clWhite
. ,
, , .
Label . StaticText Panel BorderStyle, . . 3.1
StaticText. sbsNone StaticText
Label. , ,
sbsSunken.
Panel BorderStyle Bevellnner,
BevelOuter, BevelWidth, BorderWidth, , . 3.41 . 3.9.2. , Panel Label.
, , Top, Left, Height, Width, Aline,
. , ,
,
. 5.2. .
Label StaticText AutoSize.
true,
. AutoSize false, Alignment,
, . Panel AutoSize,
Caption. Alignment
.
Label Wordwrap
, , . , Wordwrap true,
AutoSize false ( ) , (. . 3.1 ). Wordwrap -
150
true AutoSize false, ,

, (. . 3.1 ).
StaticText ,
AutoSize false
. . StaticText ,
Repaint
OnResize.
.
Label StaticText,
. FocusControl . Caption
"&", , ,
( ). FocusControl, , ,
: Alt +
.
: . FocusControl , ,
(. . 3.2.3), .
, , ShowAccelChar true.
, , Edit MaskEdit (. . 3.2.3) Readonly.
3.2.3 Edit, LabeledEdit MaskEdit

. 3.2 .
BorderStyle,
.
. 3.2

Edit
BoiderStyle-bsSingle
BofdeiStyle=bsNone
Mask Edit
(095)12345 67
01.03.02

Text AnsiString.
. ,
, . . ,
, . AutoSize
, :
, .
C++Builder
51
, . , : Ctrl-C Clipboard
( Copy), Ctrl-X Clipboard (
Cut), Ctrl-V Clipboard ( Paste),
Ctrl-Z . ,
. .
AutoSelect ,
. true , , .
SelLength, SelStart, SelText, ,
. ,
, SelLength = 6,
SelStart = 10 SelText "". ,
SelStart .
. true Readonly AutoSelect false. ,
. 3.2.2. . -,
( . 3.1 3.2).
, .
, .
.
Text AnsiString (. . 17).
. . ,
Editll->Text = 5 .
/ 2;

2,5.
StrToFloat , StrToInt . (, ), EConvertError (. . 13.10, . 13).
. :
int A;
try
= StrToInt(Editl->Text);
)
catch (EConvertErrori)
(
ShowMessage(" ; ");
}
. ,
,
, . . 3.3 , . , Edit ,
152
. . 5,
. 5.3.2 , ,
, ,
. . 8, . 8.3 ,
Edit , .
MaxLength .
MaxLength = 0, .
MaxLength , .
Modified, , , . , Modified
false. (true false) , .
PasswordChar
. PasswordChar #0 . .
(, " * " ) ,
, , (. . 3.2). .
. Edit . LabeledEdit, , Edit, . EditLabel TBoundLabel. ,
Label (. 3.2.2): Caption, Color, Font, Layout, ShowAccelChar, WordWrap, Canvas. Caption
.
LabelPosition LabeledEdit ,
: lpAbove , (.
. 3.2), lpBelow , , lpLeft
, lpRight .
, LabeledEdit, C++Builder 6,
, , Edit ,
.
.
,
.
, . , .
Edit LabeledEdit. ShowHint true (. . 5.1.9). ApplicationEvents (. . 4.6) OnShowHint:
void
fastcall
TForml::ApplicationEventslShowHint(
AnsiString SHintStr, bool iCanShow,
THintlnfo SHintlnfo)
{
if ((HintInfo.HintControl->ClassNameIs("TEdit") ) ||
(HintInfo.HintControl->ClassNameIs("TLabeledEdit")))
if (Canvas->TextWidth(((TEdit *)Hintlnf.HintControl)->Text) >
((TEdit *)HintInfo.HintControl)->ClientWidth)
C++Builder
153
. HintStr = ((TEdit *)HintInfo.HintControl)->Text;

ADpIicationEventsl->CanceIDispatch{);
, -
, ,
.
, ApplicationEvents OnShowHint, . 4.6.
. ,
, Hintlnfo>HintControl. . , TextWidth
Canvas. HintInfo >HintControl TEdit (. 1.9.6.2).
TextWidth ClientWidth . , TextWidth
, Canvas (. . 6),
Edit LabeledEdit .
. , . -
Label, LabeledEdit .
, HintStr, , , .
Edit LabeledEdit. (. . 3.9.7, . 5, .
5.1.8 5.3.2.2, . 8, . 8.3 ).
MaskEdit Edit LabeledEdit , EditMask.
, , , , , .. , ";". (. . 3.3), , , ; 1
, , , , Text ; , , .
Text,
,
EditText, .
3.3.
"!" , EditText
, "!" ,
.
" > " , , " < " .
154
" < " , , " > " .
" " , .
"\" , ,
, . , " > "
"\" > (), , .
"L" , .
"1" ,
.
"" , .
"" , , , .
"" , .
"" ,
.
"" , .
"9" , .
" # " , , " + " ,
"" .
":" , .
"/" , .
"_" .
EditMask. ,
EditMask .
, . 3.3 ( ,' ).
Sample Masks . Input Mask .
, OI<HO Input Mask , , .
. 3.3

Input Makor
Input Mask:
Sample Masks
Character (or Blanks:

Save Literal Characters
ilesl Input.
555-12-12
123456
V-ll 12345B
01 03 02
03 02
210515
13:45
Cancel
Help
C++Builder
1!55
Character for Blanks ,

, ( ).
Save Literal Characters : , 1, , 0.
Masks - . , ,
C++Builder, , .
.
.dem. C++Builder , C++Builder BIN. , .
, Sample Mosks .
, Sample Masks
. . , , , ru.dem.
I 5551212 I !000-00-00;0;_
| 0955551212 I !$999$ 000-00-00;0;_
| 123456 | !0000000;1;_
| VII123456 | !L-LL 999999;0;_
I 010302 I ! 99/99/00;1;_
| 0302 | !99/00;1;_
| 210515 | !90:00:00;1;_
| 1345 | ! 90:00;1;
. 3.3 , . 3.2
.
. :
!$999$
000-00-00;0;__
"9" , . "" , . . , (. . 3.2):

(
)
- -_
0, EditText Text . EditText
. 3.2 "(095) 123-45-67", Text
"0951234567". 1,
"(095) 123-45-67".
. EditMask , ,
, , ,
"99;0;". ,
"00;0;".
3.2.4 Memo RichEdit

Memo RichEdit (. . 3.4) . , Edit, , .
: Ctrl-C Clipboard ( Copy), Ctrl-X Clipboard ( Cul), Ctrl-V Clipboard
( Paste), Ctrl-Z .
156
. 3.4
Memo RichEdit
Memo
.
iLJ
RichEdit
-!
Memo (, , )
Font. ,
,
, , .
Memo Font Memo, ,
.
RichEdit . RTF.
SelAttributes. TTextAttributes,
: Color (), Name ( ), Size (), Style ()
. , RichEdit,
FontDialog Dialogs (. . 3.10.4)
Button, .
:
if(FontDialogl->Execute())
RichEditl->SglAttributes->Assign(FontDialogl->Font);
RichEditl->SetFocus();
, , , , , . ,
, ,
( SelStart).
Def Attributes,
. ,
SelAttributes. DefAttributes
Assign
SelAttributes, .
DefAttributes .
, ,
OnCreate.
, .. Paragraph Attributes. :
Alignment
.
taLeftJustify (), taCenter ( ) taRightJustify
().
Firstlndent
Numbering
, .
nsNone , nsBullet
.
Leftlndent
157
C++Builder
Rightlndent
TabCount
Tab
Paragraph
, ,
- . Paragraph
, . ,
:
RichEditl->Paragraph->Alignment = taLeftJustify; //
RichEditl->Paragraph->Alignment - taCenter;
//
RichBditl->Paragraph->Alignment = taRightJustify,- //
,
, .. :
RichEditl->Paragraph->Numbering = nsBullet:;

RichEditl->Paragraph->Numbering = nsNone;
, ActionList (. . 4.3) , ABullet,

:
if (ABullet->Checked)
RichEditl->Paragraph->Numbering - nsBullet;
f
else RichEditl->Paragraph->Numbering - nsNone;
ABullet->Checked = ! ABullet->Checked;

() .
. 3.5 ,
RichEdit. , .
TabCount Tab
WantTabs = true. . WantTabs = false,

.
Memo RichEdit.
.
. 3.5

RichEdit
J T O - E?E
RichEditj
i :
-1
RichEdit SelAtttibutes->Slyle = [fsBofd]

6 4 5 P&fJSKtph~>NwBbermg= nsBullet
2: 9
|,
158
Alignment Wordwrap , , , , .
Readonly true .
MaxLength . MaxLength = ,
. , . . [2] [3].
WantReturns WantTab
.
ScrollBars .
ScrollBars = ssNone, .
.
ScrollBars ssHorizontal, ssVertical ssBoth, , . Memo RichEdit - . Memo , (. . 3.4). RichEdit
, .
Memo RichEdit Lines,
TStrings.
, Lines .
, . 3.6.
, CodeEditor
. , , , , Close Page ,
.
. 3.6

\ 4 IM-I
Memo
Cancel
Lines TStrings.
. 17.4, . 17.
, Lines.
, String, , Text.
C++Bullder
159

AnsiString Strings[int Index]. , C++Builder, 0.
Memol>Lines>Strings[O] . ,

Wordwrap = true, ,
.
Count .
Clear. , Lines.
Add Append Lines.
LoadFromFile. SaveToFile.
, , Editl,
, , Memol ,
.
:
Memol->1() ;
Memol->Lines->Add("X
Memol-^Lines->Add(" " + E d i t l - > T e x t ) ;
Memol->SetFocus();
");
RichEdit . , , ...
, . , , :
RichEditl->Clear ();
/* */
RichEditl->Paragraph->Alignment = taCenter;
/* */
RichEditl->SelAttributes->Style =
RichEditl->SelAttributes->Style << fsBold;
RichEditl->Lines->Add("X " ) ;
RichEditl->Lines->Add("CoTpyflHHK "+Editl->Text);
/* */
RichEditl->3elAttributes -> Assign(RichEditl->DefAttributes);
/* */
RchEditl->Paragraph->Alignment = taLeftJustify;
RichEditl->SetFocus[);
RichEditl (,
)
RichEditl->Lines->LoadFromFile("text.rtf");

RichEditl->Lines->SaveToFile("text.rtf");
SelStart Memo RichEdit

. CaretPos , X , , Y , .
, , 0, RichEditl>
CaretPos. + 1 RichEditl->CaretPos.x + 1
, .
. 3.5 ,
(. . 3.9.6) .
160
RichEdit Windows,
,
(, ), ..
. C++Builder [2], [3].
3.2.5 ListBox, CheckListBox,

ValueListEditor, ComboBox, ComboBoxEx
, , . 3.7. ListBox,
CheckListBox, ValueListEditor.
,
, , .
. 3.7

-=jSJ.*J
4
5

123-45-67
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1 SieckLisffiox*"
! 1
I
1_1
* 1_2
;
1_3
1_4
1_5
1_6
1_7
2
2_1
2 _ 2
2.3

2 _ 5
2 _ 6
2 _ 7
ListBox CheckListBox ( . 3.7)

.
, , Items, TStrings. ,
.
,
TStrings (. . 3.2.4 . 17) Clear, Add . .
.
ListBox MultiSelect, ( . 3.7 true
). MultiSelect = false ( ),
. Itemlndex,
. , Itemlndex = 1.
, . , .
, ...: ..., , :
C++Builder
161
if (ListBoxl->ItemIndex < 0)
ShowMessage(" ");
else ShowMessage(" " +
IntToStr(ListBoxl->ItemIndex + 1) + ": " +
ListBoxl->Items->Strings[ListBoxl->Itemlndex]);
Itemlndex .
Itemlndex = 1. , 1
. - , .. , , , , OnCreate ,

ListBoxl->ItemIndex = 0;
(MultiSelect = true),
Itemlndex , .
, ,
Selectedpnt Index] bool. ,
" ...: ..." ( ) :
for (int i=0; i < ListBoxl->Items->Count; i++)
if
(ListBoxl->Selected[i])
ShowMessage(" " + IntToStr(i+1) + ": " +
ListBoxl->Items->Strings 4] >:
MultiSelect = true
ExtendcdSelect. ExtendedSelect = true, , , Shift . , Ctrl.
ExtendedSelect = false, Shift Clrl .
Columns ,
, ListBox (
. 3.7 Columns 2).
Sorted . Sorted =
true , .
AutoComplete, true,
, ,
.
Style, lbStandard ( ) . Style
, , C++Builder 6
.
lbOwnerDrawFixed lbOwnerDrawVariable . lbOwnerDrawFixed ,
, lbOwnerDrawVariable ,
. lbVirtual lbVirtualOwnerDraw
.
Style, lbOwnerDrawFixed lbOwnerDrawVariable,
, - ,
OnDrawItem. :
void
fastcall
TForml::ListBoxlDrawItem(
TWinControl *Control,
int Index, TRect SRect,
TOwnerDrawState State)
6 C++Builder 6
162
Control , . Index , . Rect THnaTRect (. . 17.4) ,

. TOwnerDrawState , odSelected
, odFocused .
OnDrawItem .
Style lbOwnerDrawFixed
OnDrawItem. Style = lbOwnerDrawVariable OnMeasureltem, . :
void
fastcall TForml::ListBoxlMeasureItera(
TWinControl "Control,
int Index, int SHeight)
Control Index , OnDrawItem, Height

.
. , , . ,
, ,
.
ToolBar (.
. 3.9.4)
, . 3.8. , , .
ListBox,
lbOwnerDrawFixed, : ( ), . , ,
OnCreate, :
ListBoxl->ItemHeight = ToolBarl->Images->Height;
for (int i=0; i < ToolBarl->ButtonCount; i++)
ListBoxl->Items->Add("");

(ListBoxl>ItemHeight) Height ,
ImageList (. . 4.2), ToolBarl Images. for ,
(ToolBarl>ButtonCount). , OnDrawItem.
. 3.8

'

I

C++Builder
163
OnDrawItem ListBoxl :
void
fastcall TForml::ListBoxlDrawItem(
TWinControl *Control, int Index,
TRect SRect, TOwnerDrawState State)
{
//
ListBoxl->Canvas->FillRect (Rect) ,ToolBarl->Images->Draw(ListBoxl->Canvas, Rect.Left + 5,
Rect.Top, ToolBarl->Buttons[Index]->lmagelndex, true);
ListBoxl->Canvas->TextOut(Rect.Left + 30, Rect.Top,
GetLongHint(ToolBarl->Buttons[Index]->Hint));
(
FillBect ,
Rect. Draw
ImageList (. . 4.2, . 4). ListBoxl ( . . 6.1.3). 5 (Rect.Left + 5). Index ToplBarl.Buttons
. ImageList Imagelndex.
TextOut Hint ( . . 5.1.9).
GetLongHint.
, , , Style lbVirtual lbVirtualOwnerDraw. .
OnData, OnDataFind, OnDataObject.
, , Count .
OnData ,
. :
void _fas'tcall TForml:: ListBoxlData (TWinControl Control,
int Index, AnsiString &Data)
Control , . Index , .
Data . ,
Data = " " + IntToStr(Index + 1 ) ;
..., .
- , OnDataObject, :
void
fastcall TForml::ListBoxlDataObjeet(
TWinControl Control, int Index,
TObject *SDataObject)
Index , DataObject
.
, ,
, OnDataFind. :
int
fastcall TForml::ListBoxlDataFind(TWinControl Control,

AnsiString FindString)
FindString , return.
164
List Box. ,
ListBox CheckListBox.
, ListBox ( . 3.7), , . ,
- , , .
CheckListBox, , . 3.7.5. , CheckListBox
, ListBox, , . CheckListBox ,
.
C++Builder 6 CheckListBox , (. . 3.7).
Header ,
, ( true),
( false). Header
( false). ,
CheckListBoxl->Header[l] - true;
CheckListBoxl->Header[9] = true; 1
, . 3.7.
,
HeaderBackgroundColor, , HeaderColor.
ValueListEditor. = . Key
Value . , TitleCaptions TStrings.
(), . ,
, . 3.7.
Strings TStrings . ,
. , (. ).
Strings TStrings.
= .
. TStrings
, , ..
Keys . 1. AnsiString Values[const AnsiString Key]
Key. , Key ,
. , Key , .
Strings>Names
Strings>Values ( TStrings).
AnsiString Cellsjmt
ACol]fint ARow]. ACol = 0 , a ACol =1
. ARow = 0 , a ARow > 0 .
C++Builder
165
BowCount , .
KeyOptions , . , keyEdit, keyAdd, keyDelete, keyUnique.
keyEdit .
keyAdd , Insert
. keyAdd keyEdit.
keyDelete Delete.
keyUnique ,
. .
ItemProps
. , ( 0). ItemProps
TItemProp,
. :
EditMask
(. 3.2.3).
EditStyle
KeyDesc
esSimple
esEUipsis
, OnEditButtonClick.
-
.
esPickList
, PickList OnGetPickList ( ,
PickList
OnGetPickList).
,
Key.
MaxLength .
PickList
TStrings,
EditStyle = esPickList.
Readonly
, . , Readonly = true EditStyle, esPickList

esEUipsis, , .
ItemProps.
ValueListEditorl->ItemProps[""]->EditMask =
"!000-00-00;0;";
(. . 3.7).
EditStyle = esPickList ,
(. 3.9 ), . ReadOnly =
true, , .
, ,
. 3.9 :
166
3
Valedit::TItemProp
*ItemProp_ =
VlueListEditorl->ItemProps[ '" ]
ItemProp->EditStyle - esPickList:;
ItemProp->PickList->Add("");
ItemProp->PickList->Add("Uex 1") ;
ItemProp->PickList->Add("Uex 2 " ) ;
ItemProp->ReadOnly - true;
)
. 3.9

EditStyle = esPickList (a)
EditStyle = esEllipsis ()
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2
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[!1!!
EditStyle = esEllipsis ,
(. 3.9 ).
OnEditButtonClick. , ,
- , - . , . :
ValueListEditorl->Values[""] - "";
ReadOnly = true,
, .
DisplayOptions , doColumnTitles ( ),
doKeyColFixed , doAutoColResize .
Options ,
, ..
: ComboBox Combo. . 3.10.
. 3.10

v
ComboBoK. Style csSimple
CombaSo--x1
J^J
. Style = ciDmpDown
3
C++Builder
ComboBox Style.
:
csDropDown

, (
. 3.10).
csSimple

,
(
. 3.10). ,
.
csDropDownList
,
.
csOwnerDrawFixed
,
.
csOwnerDraw Variable , .
csOwnerDrawFixed csOwnerDrawVariable OnDrawItem ,
ListBox. csOwnerDrawVariable
OnMeasureltem, .

Text. , ListBox Itemlndex. Itemlndex
ComboBox. ComboBox Itemlndex , ListBox. , , ,
, .
C++Builder 6 Itemlndex ,
, , . C++Builder 6 .
Itemlndex .
, Itemlndex = - 1 .
, .
MaxLength , . MaxLength = 0, .
DropDownCount , .
ListBox, Sorted '
. Sorted = true ,
.
ComboBoxEx.
ComboBox. , , , ComboBoxEx ,
ComboBox, . ,
ComboBox, , , ComboBoxEx . .
168
, ,
ImageList (. . 4.2). Images.
, ItemsEx. , . 3.11.
Add New () .
, .
: Caption , Imagelndex ImageList, Indent .
. 3.11

0
1 -
2
3
4
Style csExDropDown, csExSimple csExDropDownList. ComboBox.
3.2.6 StringGrid
StringGrid (. . 3.12) ,
. . , . , ,
.
.
StringGrid . . 3.6.2 ,
.
, :
System:: AnSiString Cells
[int ACol][int ARow]
, ACol ARow
Classes::TStrings* Cols[int Index] ,

Index
Classes::TStrings* Rows
[int Index]
,
Index
System::TObject* Objects
[int ACol][int ARow]
, ,
ACol ARow
. ,
TStrings (. . 3.2.4 . 17).
C++Builder
,
ir.~ I, J;
for (I - 1; I < StringGridl->ColCount; I++)
ScringGridl->Cells[I][0] - " " + IntToStr(I);
for ( 1 = 1 ; I < StringGridl->RowCount; I++)
StringGridl->Cells[0][I] - " " + IntToStr(I);

for (J = 1; J < StringGridl->RowCount; J++)
StringGridl->Cells[J][I]
= I n t T o S t r ( I ) + ':' + I n t T o S t r ( J ) ;
(
, . 3.12.
StringGrid
1 2 3 4}-*
1 1:1
1.2
13
1:4
2 2-1
22
2.3
2-4
3 3:1
3:2
3:3
3:4
4 4:1
4:2
4:3
4:4
ALJ
->
11
1:1. : 1:1
ColCount RowCount
, FixedCols FixedRows , .
FixedColor. LeftCol TopRow .
ScrollBars .
,
, .
Options , : (goFixedVertLine goFixedHorzLine) (goVertLine
goHorzLine) ,
(goColSizing goRowSizing), (goColMoving goRowMoving) .
Options goEditing
.
StringGrid - , . Col Row . , .
StringGrid
OnSelectCell, .
ACol ARow , CanSelect .
CanSelect ,
false. ACol ARow - . ,
L a b e l l - > C a p t i o n = " " + I n t T o S t r ( A R o w ) + ' : ' +
I n t T o S t r ( A C o l ) + ". : " +
StringGridl->Cells[ACol][ARow];
170
Labell ,
(. . 3.12). , ,
,
, .
3.3 ,
3.3.1 ,

C++Builder , , , . , , , . 3.2. , . . 3.4 ,
, .
3.4. ,

-,
UpDown
Win32
Edit
(-)

. Position.
CSpinEdit
Samples
(-
)
-.
, Edit
UpDown.
Value.
DateTimePicker
(
)
( ) .
Date Time.
Win32
MonthCalendar
Win32
( )
Calendar (- Samples
)
FIBook
ActiveX
( Excel)
.
. DateTimePicker ,
.
Month Day.

, Excel.
C++Builder
171
3.3.2
UpDown CSpinEdit
C++Builder ,
UpDown CSpinEdit (. . 3.13).
. 3.13
UpDown CSpinEdit
1 ;
UpDown + Edit
J2002
mixl
CSpinEdit
J2G02
_|
UpDown Edit , , . true Readonly,

- . CSpinEdit Edit
UpDown, .
UpDown Associate,
, Edit.
UpDown, Edit, Edit , , a UpDown . Associate UpDown Editl. UpDown Edit .
AlignButton UpDown, udLeft udRight, ,
. Orientation, udHorizontal
udVertical, , ( . . 3.13) ( . . 3.13). ArrowKeys , .
Thousands (
. 3.13 Thonsands = true).
Min UpDown
, Increment
. Position .
, , . MinMax,
, .
Wrap , . Wrap = false,
, , . Wrap =
true, . ,
. .. .
Edit, UpDown, ReadOnly
true, ,
. , ,
Increment UpDown . -
172
UpDown:
, - . ,
, . 5, . 5.3.2, - , .
CSpinEdit.
CSpinEdit , : Min, Max, Position MinValue,
MaxValue, Value. CSpinEdit
UpDown Edit. , - UpDown ( , ..), CSpinEdit.
3.3.3
DateTimePicker, MonthCalendar, CCalendar

. 3.14.
. 3.14

MonthCalendar
DateTimePiekei
2 2002
4
5 6
11 12 13 14 15 16 1
18 19 20 21 2 2 23 2
25 26 27 28 29 3D 3
J8 20D2
Id
2002 .
4
11
18
25
5
12
19
26
6
13
20
27
7
14
21
28
?*-, O r
1
15
22
29
9
16
23
30
02 03 2002
3
10
17
24
31
<: 02.03.2002
CCalendar
5
12
13
26
13
20
27
4
11
19
25
i
1
7
8
14 15
21 22
28 29
9
16
23
30
Be |
3
ID
17
24
31
DateTimePicker ( . 3.14,
, ). ( ) . Kind : dtkDate
, dtkTime .
DateMode dmComboBox , dmUpDown (. DateTimePicker . 3.10), , UpDown
CSpinEdit.
, . DateFormat, dfShort (, 08.03.02), dfLong (, 8 2002.).
C++Builder
173
Date.
. Date TDateTime, ,
, ,
24- , .*. .
12/30/1899 00 .
Date
DateToStr. ,
Memol->Lines->Add("flaTa: " + DateToStr(DateTimePickerl->Date));
Memol ": 08.03.00".

MaxDate MinDate, , .
dtkTime
Time, TDateTime.
TimeToStr.
MonthCalendar DateTimePicker,
. , MonthCalendar :
( MultiSelect), ( WeekNumbers), , ( FirstDayOfWeek) ..
.
CCalendar
. Date Year , Month , Day .
, , TDateTime. Month
Year,
. , ,
true UseCurrentDate ( ).
. StartOfWeek , .
0 , .
- - . StartOfWeek = 1.
3.3.4 Excel FIBook

FIBook ActiveX.
Excel (. 3.15),
,
.
. , ,
. , , , ,
, ,
..
174
. 3.15
FlBook

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LG

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5
5 LM
100
60.
FlBook
. Workbook Designer. , . 3.16. , Excel, , Excel.
, Excel. , , , . . . 3.15 3.16 , .
.
. 3.16

FlBook
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30
50
60
225
70
120
525
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. 3.16
. ,
, ,
, ,
. , .
175
C++Builder
FIBook
- . , Excel,
.
, Help F1.
FIBook,
Properties. , , , , : (Row Heading Column
Heading), (Gridlines), (Formulas) ..
FIBook , -,
Excel. OLE.
. 7.
3.4

.
. , , . , MaskEdit. , . , ,
ListBox, ComboBox, StringGrid, DateTimePicker,
SpinEdit .. , , ,
, . . 3.17
.
Edit
.
ComboBox, SpinEdit, MaskEdit DateTimePicker. ComboBox Style csDropDownList , , . SpinEdit . 3.17

|~~7
1970 3
176
, MinValue MaxValue (, 1
50). MaskEdit
, DateTimePicker ( ) (, 1930 . 1985 .).
C++Builder 6 ValueListEditor (. 3.2.5),
esPickList, esEllipsis, EditMask. . 3.7 3.9 ValueListEditor , . 3.17.
3.5
3.5.1

. ,
, .. ,
, . 3.5.
, , . . 3.10.3.
3.5.

.
F

Windows S5/98/2000
TreeView
(
)
Win32
Outline

)
Win3.1
Win32
List View
(

Windows 95)

Windows 3.x
Windows
3.5.2
TreeView Outline
TreeView Outline (. . 3.18), .
: , ,
..
.
177
C++Builder
3.18
TreeView Outline
TieeView
Outline
->
a .=
1
I-BUBXI
f-S
-
TreeView , Outline.
TreeView 32- , a Outline 16-. Outline , Windows, Windows 3.x.
TreeView, , Items.
Items[int Index]. , TreeViewl->Items>Item[O] 0 ( ).
TTreeNodes, .
, . 3.19.
TreeView
Items .
. 3.19

TreeView
Hem Pioperties
New Item I
New bubltsmj
Xexi
ImagelndeK
j
jo
Selecled Index-[i
State IndeK-
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New Item ( ) . , , New Hem.

New Subltem ( ) . , New Subltem.
Delete () . Load . ,
, . . , , . 3.18 3.19, :
1
2
3
Item
Properties . 3.19. Text , -
178
. Image Index Selected Index

, ,
.
, ImageList (. . 4.2). Images TreeView, 0. -1 ( ), . State Index
Item Properties ,
. . , State Index, , ImageList,.
Statelmages TreeView.
. .
TTreeNodes. :
Add(TTreeNode* Node,
const System::AnsiString S)
S
, Node.
AddFirst(TTreeNode* Node,
S
,
Node. 1.
Insert(TTreeNode* Node,
S
Node
. 1.
AddChild(TTreeNode* Node,
S Node.
S
AddChildFirst(TTreeNode* Node,
Node.
1.
.
, ,
. 3.18 3.19.
TreeViewl->Items->Clear(); //
// "" ( 0!
TreeViewl->Items->Add(NULL, "") ;
/* " 1" - " 3"

( 1-3) */
TreeViewl->Items->AddChild(TreeViewl->Items->Item[O]," 1");
TreeViewl->Items->AddChild(TreeViewl->Items->Item[O]," 2 " ) ;
TreeViewl->Items->AddChild(TreeViewl->Items->Item[O] , " 3");
/* ""
"'" ( 4) */
TreeViewl->Items->Add(TreeViewl->Items->Item[O], "");
/* "" ""
"" */
C++Bullder
179
TreeViewl->Items->AddChild(
TreeViewl->Items->Item[4],"");
TreeViewl->Items->AddChild(
TreeViewl->Items->Item[4],"");
. , 1 2 1:
TreeViewl->Iterns->AddChild(TreeViewl->Iterns->ItemJl],
" 1");
TreeViewl->Items->AddChild(TreeViewl->Items->Item[l],
" 2") ;
, ,
Text. , TreeViewl->Items->Item[l]->Text 1.
. AddObject, AddObjectFirst, InsertObject, AddChildObject, AddChildObjectFirst, ,
:
AddObject(TTreeNode* Node,
const System::AnsiString S, void * Ptr)
S
Ptr
,
Node.
S
AddObjectFirst(TTreeNode* Node,
const System::AnsiString S, void * Ptr) Ptr ,
Node. 1.
InsertObject(TTreeNode* Node,
S
Ptr
Node .

1.
AddChildObject(TTreeNode* Node,
S Ptr
Node.
AddChildObjectFirst(TTreeNode* Node,
S
Ptr Node.

1.
, ,
Data. , TreeViewl->Items->Item[l]->Data.
: Clear(void), ,
Delete(TTreeNode* Node), Nod . ,
TreeViewl->Items->Clear() ;
,
TreeViewl->Items->Delete(TreeViewl->Iteras->ltem[1]);
1 ( ).
, , .
180
, ,
. BeginUpdate EndUpdate.
, . ,
:
TreeViewl->Items->BeginUpdate() ;
< >
TreeViewl->Items->EndUpdate();
BeginUpdate , ,
EndUpdate.
Count , , .. , .. Count , , .. .
TreeView.
Tree View Selected. , . , . , Selected NULL.
OnChanging ( ) OnChanged
. OnChanging
TTreeNode *Node , , bool &AllowChange . AllowChange = false, .
OnChanged TTreeNode *Node .
, .
TreeView RightCHckSelect,
( true) ,
. OnChanged .
TreeView
. OnExpanding ( ) OnExpanded ( ). TTreeNode *Node . OnExpanding bool &AllowExpansion,
false, .
OnCollapsing ( ) OnCollapsed (
). , , , TTreeNode *Node ,
OnCollapsing bool &AllowCollapse, .
ReadOnly TreeView
. , OnEditing OnEdited, ( OnEditing bool &AllowEdit ).
TreeView: ShowButtons, ShowLines, ShowRoot ,
, , , . , .
SortType .
stNone, , .
SortType stText, -
C++Builder
181
. Data ( SortType stData),

Data ( SortType stBoth) .

OnCompare, , , TTreeNode *Nodel
TTreeNode *Node2 , int &Compare,
: , Nodel
Node2, 0, , , Nodel Node2.
, OnCompare
:
Compare = - AnsiStrlComp(Nodel->Text.c_str(),
Node2->Text.c_str());
OnCompare SortType, stNone, (,

), SortType stNone.
.
SortType = stNone , OnCompare, .. , , .
, SortType = stNone, a
SortType, stNone. OnCompare.
. , AlphaSort(void)
SortType, OnCompare ( ,
AlphaSort ).
AlphaSort SortType = stText
, SortType = stText.
TreeView.
Outline . Items .
1. , Outlinel->Items[l] >Text
1 ( ). Items TOutllneNode.
TreeView.
: Lines TStrings.
,
Lines . ,
, , . , .
, ,
PictureOpen ( ), PictureClosed ( ), PictureMinus ( " - " ,
), PicturePlus ( " + " ,
, ), PictureLeaf ( ,
). Outline
, ,
TreeView .
" Add, AddObject ( ), Insert, InsertObject ( ), AddChild, AddChildObject ( ), Delete ( ).
182

Selectedltem. Selectedltem = 0, . Text: ,
Outlinel->Items[Outlinel->SelectedItem]->Text
,
Outlinel->Lines->Strings[Outlinel->SelectedItem -
1]
3.5.3 Windows
ListView
ListView Windows
, , .
, Windows.
ViewStyle, . : vslcon (. . 3.20
a), vsSmalllcon , vslist (. . 3.20 6), vsReport (. . 3.20 ).
. 3.20, Windows .
. 3.20
ListView
vslcon (a),
vsList () vsReport ()
0 Q
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DO
DO
1
2
3
1
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0
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1
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5
2
4
ListView.
ListView. ListView, Items. (. 3.21), . ,
Tree View (, 3.19). New Item
New Subltem. :
, vsReport .
.
. , , ,
, .. . 3.21 .
C++Builder
.
<-
~ ListView
Caption ,
. , vsKeport (. ... . 3.20 ).
Image Index .
, ImageList (.
. 4.2). LargeImages vslcon Smalllmages vsSmalllcon, vsList
vsReport. 0. 1 ( ), .
State Index Item Properties . . , State Index, , ImageList, -;
Statelmages ListView.
, ListView
vslcon vsSmalllcon .
MainMenu (. . 3.8.1). , Drag&Drop, . 5, . 5.4.1.
, , -
5, .
:
( MI), ( MSmalllcon), ( MList) ( MRepprt)
Grouplndex Radioltem true
Checked ViewStyle ,
:
void
{
fastcall TForml::MIconClick(TObject
*Sender)
ListViewl->ViewStyle = vslcon;
MIcon->Checked = true;
ListViewl->DragMode = dmAutomatic;
void
{
fastcall TForml::MSmallIconClick(TObject Sender)
ListViewl->ViewStyle = vsSmalllcon;
MSmallIcon->Checked = true;
ListViewl->DragMode = -dmAutomatic; <
void
fastcall TForml::MListClick(TObject *Sender)
{
ListViewl->ViewStyle = vsList;
MList->Checked = true;
ListViewl->DragMode = dmManual;
void
fastcall TForml::MReportClick(TObject *Sender)
{
ListViewl->ViewStyle = vsReport;
MReport->Checked = true;
ListViewl->DragMode = dmManua^;
}
, OnDragOver
OnDragDrop ListView:
void
fastcall TForml::ListViewlDragOver(TObject 'Sender,

TObject Source, int X, int Y,
TDragState State, bool SAccept)
(
Accept - (Source = Listviewl);
void
fastcall TForml::ListViewlDragDrop(TObject *Sender,

TObject *Source, int X, int Y)
{
((TListView*)Sender)->Selected->Position = Point(X,Y);
)
. , , Windows.
Arrange:
void
fastcall Arrange(TListArrangement Code];
vslcon vsSmalllcon.
Code :
arAlignBottom
arAlignLeft
arAlignRight
arAlignTop
arDefault
( )
arSnapToGrid

ListViewl->Arrange(arAlignTop);

, .

SortType, TreeView.
Checkboxes, true, (. . 3.20). ,
,
C++Builder
185
.: Statelmages. ,
, .
. ,
Items[i], Checked.
:
for (int i=0; i < ListViewl->Items->Count; i++)
if (ListViewl->Items->Item[i)->Checked)
ShowMessage(" " +
ListViewl->Items->Item[i]->Caption);
,
. , ,
- .
HotTrack HotTrackStyles
.
HoverTime .
Selected . - . ,
- , OnDblClick ListView :
if (ListViewl->Seleoted != NULL)
ShowMessage{ListViewl->Selected->Caption);
if , - , .. , . , - (
).
Columns vsKeport
(. , . 1, . 2 -. 3.20 ) ShowColumnHeaders ( ), true. Columns
,
ListView
Columns .
,
. 3.22. Add New ( ) , Delete Selected ( ) , Move
Selected Up Move Selected Down ( ) .
. 3.22

'
*}
1.3
-
1 -. 1
2-. 2
, , . Caption
. Imagelndex
, . MinWidth MaxWidth .
.
186
Width. OnSectionResize.
.
ListView. , , WorkAreas,
[4].
3.6
3.6.1

C++Builder , . 3.6.
..
Image
()
Additional
: ,
.
PaintBox
(
)
System

,
.
DrawGrid
Additional
( )
Chart
(
)
Additional

TeeChart,
.
Chartfx
(
)
ActiveX
FIBook
(
Excel)
ActiveX
( ), Excel.
*.
VtChart
ActiveX
()
Animate
Win32
(
)
MediaPlayer System
( )
.

AVI, Windows ..

,
.
C++Builder

187
ProgressBar Win32
(
)

,
-
Gauge
(
)
,
, .
Samples
, , Canvas .
Image, PaintBox, Animate MediaPlayer
6. Canvas.
3.6.2 DrawGrid
StringGrid
DrawGrid , (. . 3.23).
StringGrid (. . 3.2.6),
DrawGrid. DrawGrid , , StringGrid, , ..
Cells, Cols, Kows, Objects. StringGrid , DrawGrid,
, .
- DrawGrid, , .
. 3.23
DrawGrid
:=
>
X
m
- -
to
Jf?
+
DrawGrid StringGrid, , StringGrid, , . 3.2.6.

DrawGrid StringGrid Canvas,
, . 6. CellRect,
, .

Windows::TRect
fastcall CellRect(int ACol, int ARow);
188
ACol AKow , 0,
. , . ,
DrawGridl->Canvas->CopyRect(DrawGridl->CellRect(1,1),
BitMap->Carwas,Rect(0,0,BitMap->Height,BitMap->Width));
CopyKect (. . 6 . 6.1.5.2.) (1,1) DrawGridl BitMap.

, 0. , , ,
.
DrawGrid StringGrid,
, , , .
, . 6, . 6.1.7,
OnPaint . DrawGrid .
DrawGrid OnDrawCell. . :
void
fastcall TForml::DrawGridlDrawCell(TObject *Sender,
int ACol, int ARow, TRect SRect, TGridDrawState State)
ACol ARow ,
. Rect TRect (. . 17.4)
. . State . ,
: gdSelected , gdFocused , , gdFixed
. State . ,
if (State.Contains(gdFocused) ...
else .. .
OnDrawCell. , ImageListl (. . 4.2):

void
f a s t c a l l TForml::DrawGridlDrawCell(Tobject Sender,
i n t ACol, int ARow, TRect SRect, TGridDrawState State)
{
int ind = ARow * DrawGridl->ColCount + ACol;'

if (ind <= ImageListl->Count - 1)
ImageListl->Draw(DrawGridl->Canvas, Rect.Left+10,
Rect.Top+10, ind, t r u e ) ;
)
ARow ACol
ColCount ImageListl,
. , Draw ImageListl, . 4.2. 10
.
, . 3.2.3.
,
, . 3.2.6.
,
.
C++Builder
189
3.6.3 Shape
Shape , .
Shape (), :
stRectangle
stRoundRect
stRoundSquare

stEUipse
stSquare
stCircle
'
. 3.24.
. 3.24
Shape
Shapes stCiicle
Bru>h->St;le-lSolid
Shape - .(Ellipse
eiuh->Styla b*BDiagonat
Shape = stSquate
Biuh->Style =* biD
.Shape = gtRoundSquare
:Brush->Slyle = bsCtost
Shape = itRectangle
B S l bDi
'Shape =VlRoundRect
Bfush->StylB bsFDiagonal
Brush (). TBrush, , :

(Brush.Color) (Brush.Style) . Style . 3.24.
Shape Pen (), . Brush
. 6. . 17.
3.6.4 Chart
Chart , (. 3.25). ,
, , , . Chart.
C++Builder , .
, , , , Chart,
, [3].
Chart Series TChartSeries
, .
. ,
.
190
. 3.25

:

()

(6)
,
, (, ) , , . Chart . ,
, , .
( . 3.25)
Chart . .
AllowPanning
,
. : pmNone , pmHorizontal, pmVertical pmBoth
, .
AllowZoom
, ! ( . 3.25
,
. 3.25 ).
Title
Foot
. . Text.
Frame
Legend
MarginLeft,
MarginRight,
MarginTop,
MarginBottom
, , .
BottomAxis,
LeftAxis,
RightAxis

, .
.
C++Builder
191
LeftWall,
BottomWall,
BackWall
, - .
(. . 3.25 , ).
SeriesList
, .
View3d
View3DOptions .
Chart3DPercent ( . 3.25 ).
,
,
. Chart
Edit Chart .
, . 3.25,
Chart. (. 3.26) Chart, .
, Series.
Add . (. 3.27), . Pie . Titles, , Legend ( ) , Panel .^, , 3D : , , ..
. 3.26
, Chart,
Series
j Sw
Swes | Qener^j | Tftss | Legendj Panel | Paampl Wals j 30
, Chart (. 3.28). , .
Series, " ,
. ,
Format Circled Pie,
Chart .
192
. 3.27

. 3.28
. 3.25

Marks Style , ,
: Value , Percent , Label .. . 3.25
Percent, General , .
, , Chart , Series Chart Clone,
Change () , , Bar. ,
. Series,
( , ).
,
Chart . ,
-. ^ ' ^ Line. -
C++Builder
, Axis Wolls .
.
, , .
, .
Series.
.
Clear .
Add:
long int Add(const double AValue,
const String ALabel, TColor AColor) ;
. AValue , ALabel ,
, AColor . ALabel ,
: "".
AddXY:
long int AddXY(const double AValue,
const String ALabel, TColor AColor);
. AXValue AYValue . ALabel AColor ,
Add.
, , , :
int 1=155;
int A2=251;
int A3=203;
int A4=404;
const Pi=3.14159;
Seriesl>Clear();
Se iesl->Add(Al,"
Se iesl->Add(A2,"
iesl>Add(A3,"
Se iesl>Add(A4,"
ies2->Clear();
Se ies3>Clear () ;
fo ( i n t i = 0; i <=
l",clYellow),
2",clBlue);
3",clRed);
4",clPurple);
100; i++)
Series2->AddXY(0.02*Pi*i,sin(0.02*Pi*i),"",clRed);
Series3->AddXY(0.02*Pi*i,cos(0.02*Pi*i),"",clBlue);
- ,
OnCreate . Clear ,
.
Add AddXY
, .
, , , ,
Seriesl Series4 Pie , ,
.
OnClick - , , ,
Chart.
Series4 ,

Series4->Assign(Seriesl) ;
Series4->Active = false;
194
, Seriesl, Series4. Series4.

Seriesl->Active = ! Seriesl->Active;
Series4->Active - ! Series4->Active;
. 3.25
.
Chart. , . ,
, ,
,
. .
C++Builder [3], .
3.6.5 Chartfx
C++Builder ActiveX ,
. , ,
. 3.3.4 FIBook.
. 3.15 , FIBook , .
ActiveX Chartfx.
(. 3.29). ( . 3.25
Data Editor), , .chf ,
Clipboard . (, Word) ..
ActiveX, Chartfx

Properties
().
(. . 3.30), . , , .
. 3.29

Chartfx
_-Jnl*J
195
C++Builder
3.30
)
Chartfx:
Data Values () ()
Styles
|
Data Values
Labels j
| XlView
Element! I
DalaValics
|
| Tools
Lines
This dialog lets you change numenc values

contained in the chart, just wfite the desired value
foi each obiect listed.
Sljtes |
Labds
| DalaVabes | Tools
Efemenls |
Jfcwpr.
|75
>t @Sm
i Sun
"" Anal
'f|' Anal8altic
7fc Anal Black
f( Anal CE
L,,e8
Appearance j 3DViem
:
d
" .
"
:
Series Data Values (. 3.30 ) (

NSeries) (
. 3.29 2). Points ( NValues) (
. 3.29 4). Elements - ( Value Text, . 3.29 40 ), - (
From Calar, . 3.29 0-20 20-40), ( ID Width Text).
, , , , .
(. 3.30 ).
, , , .
, (, TopFont
), , ,
. .
(. . 3.29). -
196
. xhf . Clipboard, - (, Word) . .

, . . , .. . ,
, , Data Editor. ,
,
. ,
. , , Data Editor.
, .
ActiveX
VtChart. He , , ,
Chartfx, ,
. , , - . , , VtChart, Chartfx, ,
Chart,
.
3.6.6
ProgressBar CGauge
ProgressBar Win32 CGauge Samples , , , , , .. ProgressBar CGauge . 3.31.
. 3.31

ProgressBar CGauge
C++Builder
197
, :
ProgressBar CGauge
MaxValue
(Position, Progress), . 100.
Min
Min Value
(Position, Progress), .
Position
Progress
, , Min Min Value ,

MaxValue . ,
.
( true)
. . 3.31 ProgressBar Smooth = true,
false.
Smooth
Step
,
Steplt. 10.
: pbHorizontaJ , pbVertical . pb Vertical, (. . 3.31 ).
Orientation
ForeColor
ShowText
Kind
: gkHorizontalBar
, gkVerticalBar ,
gkPie , gkNeedle
, gkText .
, Position ProgressBar Progress CGauge. , Count (

, , - ),
Current, ,
(.. 0 100),
ProgressBarl->Position - 100 * Current / Count;
CGaugel->Progress = 100 * Current / Count;
ProgressBar CGauge.
: Count, Current. :
CGaugel->MaxValue = Count;
CGaugel->Progress = Current;
198
ProgressBar , : StepBy(Delta: Integer)

Delta, Steplt , Step. Steplt:
ProgressBarl->Max = Count;
ProgressBarl->Step = 1;
roaressBarl->StepIt();
3.7 , ,
3.7.1
, ,
. . 3.7
. ,
, . 9. UpDown . 3.3.2.
3.7. ,
Ii
lasei
<*
Button
,
Standard

(
.
)
BitBtn
Additional ,
( (, ).
)
SpeedButton
(

)
Additional
,
.
RadioGroup
( )
Standard

GroupBox
RadioButton;
.
,
.
RadioButton Standard
()
,
.
, (,
..).
C++Builder
GroupBox
(
)
.-11 i-i

Standard
,
, , !
RadioButton, Checkbox ..
UpDown
Win32
(-)
-, Edit .
Checkbox
(
Standard
CheckListBox Additional
( )

ListBox CheckBox .
()
System
Scrollbar
(
)
Standard
Windows
.
Timer
()
Win32
,
.
,
Button , BitBtn.
SpeedButton
, .
RadioGroup ,
. , RadioButton, GroupBox. , , , Checkbox.
, , ,
Action. ,
, C++Builder.
. , Action. , . 4.
3.7.2 Button BitBtn

., 3.32 Button, BitBtn SpeedButton. , , Button ( . 3.32
200
), Standard.
BitBtn ( . 3.32 ), , ,
. , .
. 3.32

Button
\ SpeedButtofi
BitBtn
; Layout-blGlyphLeil
: LayouNblGlyphBottom
|
%t
.[)1
Caption ().

, . ,
, "&.". , .
Alt .
, -
, Caption &. . Alt-B, .
OnClick, .
,
. , .
. 5, . 5.3.
OnClick ,
Action - . 3.7.1, 4.
Cancel, true, , Esc .
true
, , Esc.
Default, true, , Enter ,
. , ,
- .
Enter , - . Default true,
Enter , (. . 5.1.8).
ModalResult , . 5.5.2.
mrNone.
, , Click. , ..
C++Builder
201
OsCliek. , , -
-**: . , , ,
Z'li & "" "" >: , OnClick Buttonl. , Hart :;:: , .
^:-: , KeyPreview
= true (. . 5.3.2). OnKeyPresss
--.
if ((==')||(=='')) Buttonl->Click();
"" "",
Buttonl.
Button, BitBtn. BitBtn.
Glyph.
Glyph ,
. 3.33. Load,
.bmp,
. , C++Builder . \lmages\Buttons,
Images C++Builder ...\Program Files\Common Files\
Borland\Barland Shared.
. 3.33

Load
, .
16 16. . , Enabled false.
.
SpeedButton,
, .
. NumGlyphs,
.
. . 6.1.2.3.

Margin, Layout Spacing. Margin -1 ( ), . -
202
Layout, : blGlyphLeft (, . BitBtn . 3.32), blGlyphRight (),

blGlyphTop (), blGlyphBottom ( . BitBtn
. 3.32). Margin > 0, Layout
,
, Margin.
Spacing , . Spacing = 4. Spacing = 0,
.
Spacing = 1, .
BitBtn Kind . bkCustom .
: bkOK, bkCancel, bkHelp, bkYes,
bkNo, bkClose, bkAbort, bkRetry, bklgnore, bkAll. , , .
- . -,
. -, .
, , . .
3.7.3 SpeedButton
SpeedButton

(. . 3.32). , , , .
SpeedButton, , Caption
, , . Glyph
, . 3.7.2 BitBtn. NumGlyphs , Layout
Margin , Spacing
(, , -
).
SpeedButton Grouplndex (
), AllowAllUp ( )
Down ( ). Grouplndex = 0,
, Button BitBtn. , . AllowAllUp Down .
Grouplndex > 0 AllowAllUp = true, .

( , ,
AllowAllUp = true). Down
true, .
, GroupIndex, . , ,
C++Builder
.
AllowAHUp. true, , , .
AllowAHUp false, . , , , OnClick, .
Down: true, . OnClick
Down ,
.
3.7.4 RadioGroup,
RadioButton GroupBox
,
. , , ,
, . ,
, .
. . 3.34.
. 3.34

RadioGroup
GtoupBox + RadioButton
: !
i* |^ 1
" . 1 3)

; .
2 4
" 3
4 1
RadioGmup -
* 1
1 '&
CheckBox: ^ 1
~ 2
RadioGroup . ,
. i;.'.!ie.iH (.
. 3.34) Caption. Items, TStrings. ,
, . 3.2.4 (. 3.6).
, , .
. , RadioGroup . 3.34 Items :
1
2
3

'
204
, Items, ( 17), Columns.

Columns = 1, .. . . 3.30
Columns = 3.
, ,
Itemlndex, . ,
C++Builder, 0. Itemlndex = - 1 , . ,
- ( ), Itemlndex . , , Itemlndex
.
RadioGroup , . ,
(
) . , . 3.34
.
: , . , . A RadioGroup .
, , , 5.
.
RadioButton, GroupBox
( . 3.34). GroupBox ,
RadioGroup,
Caption. .
, , RadioButton.
RadioButton , , .
CheckBox. , .
, GroupBox.
RadioButton. Caption
, . Alignment ,
: taLeftJustify , taRightJustify ( ). Checked , , . ,
, Checked true . , , true Checked .
RadioButton GroupBox,
. 3.34, RadioGroup .
RadioButton GroupBox,
, .
,
. , , , . ,
, , ,
.. Checked true.
C+-i Builder
205
3.7.5 CheckBox CheckListBox

CheckBox (. . 3.34, . 3.7.4)
, - , .
,
: ( ), ( ) ( ).
State: cbChecked, cbGrayed, cbUnchecked. , AllowGrayed true.
AllowGrayed = false ( ),
: . State, AllowGrayed .
,
- . ,
, - , ,
, ,
.
State,
Checked. Checked true, , ..
State = cbChecked. Checked false, State cbUnchecked
cbGrayed. Checked true State cbChecked.
, CheckBox
Caption, Alignment.
, CheckListBox.
. 3.2.5 List Box,
, (. . 3.7).
, CheckListBox ListBox, , ,
, . 3.2.5.
: State Checked. ,
. Count (
). 0, Count 1.
State Checked , . ,
CheckListBoxl->Checked[l] = t r u e ;
CheckListBoxl->State[2] = cbGrayed;
CheckListBoxl , (,
0).
for (int i = 0; i < CheckListBoxl->Items->Count; i++)

if (CheckListBoxl->Checked[i]) ...
,
- (
).
CheckListBox OnClickCheck, . .
206
3.7.6
TrackBar ScrollBar
TrackBar ,
. , - : , .. . 3.35 . , , , , - .
. 3.35

. J
!
JQlxl
Position.
.
Position,
, .
OnChange.
Position - .
Position , ,
Min . Min = 0, = 10,
Position 11 0 10.
, Position MinMax.
Orientation : trHorizontal , trVertical .
TickMarks
: tniBottomRight
( . 3.35), tmTopLeft ( . 3.35), tmBoth ( . 3.35).
TickStyle . : tsAuto , tsNone , tsManual
SetTick(Value: Integer), , Value. , TickStyle = tsManual.
TickStyle = tsAuto Frequency. , Position
. , Frequency = 2,
( Frequency . 3.35).
LineSize PageSize , ,

PageUp PageDown.
C++Builder
207
SelStart SelEnd (. . 3.35), -

, , .
.
ScrollBar, . Windows. (,
C++Builder ), ,
.
ScrollBar Position, Min ,
. Kind, sbHorizontal sbVertical, Orientation .
, : SmallChangc LargeChange.
, PageUp
PageDown.
, OnScroll.
ScrollPos , , , ScrollCode, . :
scLineUp,
scLineDown
:

.
scPageUp,
scPageDown
:
PageUp PogeDown.
scPosition
scTrack
scTop,
scBottom
scEndScroll
ScrollPos , , ,
, ScrollPos.
3.7.7 HeaderControl Header

HeaderControl Header ,
. , .
Align HeaderControl alTop, . , , alNone .
HeaderControl Sections. THeaderSection,
208
. Sections , HeaderControl. , . 3.5.3

. 3.22.
. . .
, , . Text
. MinWidth MaxWidth .
.
Width. OnSectionResize.
, , : - , , ..
AllowClick, true,
. OnSectionClick HeaderControl,
, .
Style hsText Text, hsOwnerDraw , , OnDrawSection HeaderControl.
Header ,
HeaderControl. Sections TStrings
, ,
.. , Header 16- .
. [4].
3.7.8 Timer
Timer . : , - , , , - ,
,
, .
,
. , : Interval Enabled . Interval . , Interval,
, Interval , , OnTimer. .
Interval = 0 Enabled = false, .
Enabled = true,
Interval, Interval,
Enabled = false.
C++Builder
209
, , 5
;-^;-:: , ,
, Interval = 5000,
OnTimer Close, .
,
, , 5 ,
, . (Enabled = true), Interval 0. , ,
,
Timerl->Interval = 5000;
5 OnTimer.

Timerl->Interval = 0;
, .

Enabled. Interval = 5000
Enabled = false. ,
Timerl->Enabled = true;
OnTimer, 5 ,
Timerl->Enabled = false;
.
Interval,
. , ,
.
3.8
3.8.1 MainMenu
C++Builder , : MainMenu
, PopupMenu .
Standard. .
MainMenu.
, ..
, , .
MainMenu.
Menu.
MainMenu , . Menu . , .
Items. , MainMenu Items . ,
210
. 3.36. . . 3.37
, . 3.36.
. 3.36

. $
:. ..,
F2
.,,
,..
. . ' 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 " " " " " " " " 1 1

2
. 3.37

_.
|
&
...
,.
!j
.,
...
1
2
, , (.
. 3.36). , , . ,
. -
Insert,
. Create
Submenu, (. . 3.36, 3.37).

. , , .. Items, TMenuItem,
, , .
Caption . ,
(. . 3.7.2),
. Caption "", (.
. 3.36 3.37 ).
Name , .
, N21. MFile,
MOpen, MSave ..
Shortcut
, , ,
C++Builder
2V1
, . ,
Shortcut
. (. . 3.36, 3.37). . 3.8.3 .
Default , , .. , .
, (. . 3.36, 3.37).
Break ,
. Break: mbNone ( ), mbBarBreak mbBreak
,
(mbBarBreak) (mbBreak).
Checked, true, ,
, , (.
. 3.36, 3.37 ). C++Builder 6
AutoCheck. true,
, , .
C++Builder
OnClick
MAutoSave->Checked = ! MAutoSave->Checked;
( , MAutoSave).
, , Radioltem. , true, , ,
Grouplndex. GroupIndex 0. ,
Grouplndex Radioltem = true, , ( . 3.36,
3.37 Radioltem true 1 2.
Grouplndex). Checked = true, Checked false.
, , ( C++Builder 6) true AutoCheck.
:
, .
, ,
. , . , AutoCheck ( false) Checked . ,
:
if
(! ((TMenuItem *)Sender)->Checked)
[(TMenuItem *)Sender)->Checked = t r u e ;
,
. ( Sender . . 1.9.6.2) .
, , .
212

Enabled () Visible (). Enabled = false, . Visible =
false, , , . Enabled Visible ,
.
C++Builder . Bitmap Image-Index.
,
. , ImageList (. . 4.2).
Images MainMenu. 0.
1 ( ), .
OnCIick,
.
,
. Action.
3.7.2, 4. , ,
,
, .
OnCIick, . 4, , .

. , , MainMenu. , , . ,
.
:
MDI ,
. MDI Word Excel. . 5.1.2 5.5.4. : . MDI
. AutoMerge
TMainMenu. , ,
AutoMerge true. AutoMerge false.
Grouplndex.
Grouplndex,
. ,
Grouplndex. ,
Grouplndex, - , .
Grouplndex. GroupIndex , ,
.
C++Builder
213
, , Grouplndex:
1 2
2 - 4 1 - 3
I
2
! '
1 3
, ,
:
1 - 2 - 3 - 4
1 1 1 1
1 2
3
4
,
Grouplndex. , .
, , , Grouplndex.
, MDI. , .
(. . 3.38), , .
, . ,
.
. 3.38
MDI

1 1
2 Z
3 3
,
WindowMenu MDI , . , . . 3.38 ,
.
. 5.1.6 ,
Windows. . Save As Template ,
.
, . 3.39.
(), .
, Insert
From Template.
214
. 3.39

Edit Me
File Menu
File Menu (tor TexlEdil Example)
Help Menu
Help Menu (Expanded)
MDI Frame Menu
Wndow Menu
MainMenu. . 3.8.3

. 4 .

C++Builder [3].
3.8.2
PopupMenu
. ,
, ,
. ,
.
PopupMenu. , PopupMenu
. : , ,
. PopupMenu, ,
PopupMenu,
.

, PopupMenu,
, . . , . ,
PopupMenu, Select Menu ( ).
, .
( Shift
, Ctrl , ).
, Ctrl-C. , Select Menu . , ,
Ctrl-V. .
PopupMenu MainMenu. :
.
C++Builder
3.8.3 HotKey
HotKey, Win32, ,
, .
, ShortCut.
HotKey Edit.
, >:
TShortCut, . , Ctrl-, HotKey Ctrl - .
HotKey,
Alt-A. Shortcut - . ,
MOpen->ShortCut = HotKeyl->HotKey;
, HotKeyl.
Modifiers ."=^:, . , :;-:^
hkShift, hkCtrl, hkAlt, bkExt,
Shift, Ctrl, Alt, Extra. Modifiers =[hkAIt]. , ,
,
:
HotKeyl->Modifiers,Clear() ;
HotKeyl->Modifiers << hkCtrl;
InvalidKeys .
, hcNoae, kcShift,
hcCtrl, hcAlt, hcShiftCtrl, hcShiftAlt, hcCtrlAlt, hcShiftCtrlAIt,
Shift, Ctrl, Alt, Shift-Ctrl, ShA-All, Grf-Ah,
Shift-Ctrl-Alt.
HotKey .
, MainMenu ,
. , , MainMenu:
(.. );
Caption ;
.
, .
, MainMenu
, . - .
.
( File | New rorrr). .
E'orm2->ShowModal () ;
.. , -
216
. , Unitl
Unit2.
include "Unit2.h"
, Unitl, File | Use Unit , Unit2. Unit2 Unitl, Unit2 Unitl.

. ,
. 3.40. ListBox (. .
3.2.5): ListBoxl, , ListBox2,
, . HotKey Button, .
HotKey HotKey,
.
. 3.40

.
|
,
ListBoxl ListBox2

Forml. :
void
fastcall TForm2::FormShow(TObject
{
/* ListBoxl
OnShow Form2 */
*Sender)
ListBoxl->Clear{) ;
for(int i = 0; i < Forml->MainMenul->Items->Count; i++)
LiatBoxl->Itema->Add(
Forml->MainMenul->Itema->Itsms(ij->Caption);
ListBoxl->ItsrnIndex = 0;
// ListBox2
ListBoxlClick(Sender) ;
//
void
fastcall TForm2::ListBoxlClick(TObjsct Sender)
{
/* ListBox2
MainMenul->Items->Items[ListBoxl->ItemIndex],
ListBoxl
OnShow Form2 */
ListBox2->Clear() ;
C++Builder
217
fcr(int i = 0,- i < Forml->MainMenul->Items->Iterns [

LiatBoxl->ItemIndex]->Count; i++)
ListBox2->Items->Add (Forml->MainMenul->Itema->Iterns[
ListBoxl->ItemIndex]->Items[i]->Caption);
LiatBox2->ItsmIndex = 0;
// ListBox2Click
ListBox2Click(Sender);
)
//
void
fastcall TForm2::LiatBox2Click(TObjsct *Sender)
(
/* ListBox2
HotKeyl */
HotKeyl->HotKey = Forml->MainMenul->Iterns->Itema [
LiatBoxl->ItemIndex]->Items[
ListBox2->ltemIndex]->shortCut;
)
//
void _ fastcall TForm2::ButtonlClick(TOb]ect Sender)

{
/*
*/
Forml->MainMenul->Itema->Itema[
ListBoxl->ItemIndex]->Items[ListBox2->ItemIndex]->ShortCut
= HotKeyl->HotKsy;
Cloae () ;
)
OnShow Form2 ListBoxl . 0 Forml>MainMenul>Items>Count 1. Count .
ListBoxl
ListBox2. Forml>MainMenul>Items>Items[ListBoxl>ltemlndex]>
Items[i]. Forml->MainMenul >Items>Items[ListBoxl->
Itemlndex] , ListBoxl.
.
Items[i] i. ListBox2Click, HotKeyl.
ListBox2
HotKeyl . , HotKeyl .
HotKeyl ,
. .
.
3.9
3.9.1
, . , , ,
218
, .
. 3.7.4 .
. 3.8 ,
, C++Builder 6. , ActionTooIBar, . 4, . 4.5.
3.8.

GroupBox
Standard
( )
,
, , RadioButton,
Checkbox ..
Panel
()
Standard

.

, ,
.
Bevel
()
Additiona
,
.

.
ScrollBox
Additiona
( )
Splitter
Additional
( )
ControlBar
( )
Additional
TabControl
( )
PageControl
( )
Win32

Windows,
.
Win32

Windows,
,
.
_J
StatusBar
( )
Win32
,
.
ToolBar
( )
Win32
ill4
C++Builder
( )
Win32
, .
I
PageScroIIer
Win32
( )

, , .
ActionTooIBar
Additional
( )
, ActionManager.
C++Builder 6.
TabSet
( )
Win3.1
TabbedNotebook Win3.1
( )
Notebook
( )
Win3.1

, TabSet.
Frame
()
Standard

. ,
.
3.9.2 Panel,
GroupBox, Bevel, ScrollBox, Splitter
. 3.41 , ,
Panel, GroupBox, Bevel, ScrollBox.
Panel .
.
. 3.41

Panel
Bevellnn.,.b,Nons. BevsO
l utefbvRaK
i ul
Gio upBc
,8D,d5l,l-b.Non.:
kevellm
'. BeveO
l utesibvRaued
BaideiStyJe-biSinsJe
1
Llevel
Bevellnne=bvNt>n
.
(
D e v e l O u t e i ^ b v R a i i e d-
SevellnneibvNone.
BevelOulm-bvlivsed
Bord~Sli.l.b.HMn.
meied
jsBux
a i J 1
| Bevellnnei-bvNon..8., .,.,. B , d . , . b . N n .
I
| Bevelln * H - , B e v e l O u t e i - b v R a n e d BaideiStyle-bsNone
1
Be veilinei-bvtio e,
S l y f c
.d
sLiox
Style-bsLoweied
Shepe-bsFieniB
Style^biLoweied
Shape-bsSpacef
I 3 T Q Scroll . . P
B c v d Q u r e r i ' b v N o n e , BofderStyle-biHone
L
220
Panel .
(, , ), .
. Panel , .., , .
, RadioButton (. . 3.7.44). , , :
. SpeedButton (. .
3.7.3), Grouplndex.
SpeedButton, , Grouplndex.
. 5, . 5.2.
Panel. Panel
Bevellnner , BevelOuter
, BevelWidth , BorderStyle , BorderWidth .
. 3.41.
. , ( None).
.
( Caption), , , , ,
.

. 3.2.2, . 5.2. , . C++Builder Splitter,
. Beveled ResizeStyle, , MinSize,
, . 5.2.3.
GroupBox
, Panel. (.
. 3.41), . ,
, GroupBox .
Bevel , . , Bevel . Bevel
. . 3.41 Bevel.
Bevel Style, bsLowered , bsRaised .'1
Shape, :
bsBox , bsFrame , bsSpacer ,
bsTopLine, bsBottomLine, bsLeftLine, bsRightLine ,
, . Style
.
. 3.41.
C++Builder
221
ScrolIBox .
, , , ScrolIBox. , ScrolIBox
, . . 3.41
ScrolIBox : ScrolIBox,
. ScrolIBox .
ScrolIBox , ,
,
ScrolIBox .
ScrolIBox
, , , , . ScrolIBox , , . . ScrollBox .
BorderStyle ScrolIBox. AutoScroll
,
, . -
, HorzScrollBar VertScrollBar .
, , Range . ,
Smooth true.
Increment.
3.9.3 TabControl,
PageControl, TabSet, TabbedNotebook, Notebook
;:-..-:: ,
. . 3.42 PageControl.
.
. 3.42

PageControl
MultiLine- lalte
Sye
fe ) i | 1
:
i < i
>
|
l"
';
'""
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taTahs
&
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S t y l e > t s F l a t B u t t o n s
[&~^7;
f?
(^
E^j 1
**-.
!^1
Style =tsButtons
|&
Mu til ine -- due
2 j @ 3
: "

: (
t?
f"
[?
222
PageControl . , .
: New Page , Next Page , Previous Page .
TTabSheet.
, , .. , ,
, , . :
Name
Caption
Pagelndex
Imagelndex
PageControl :
Style
: tsTabs ( . 3.42), tsButtons

( . 3.42), tsFlatButtons ( . 3.42).
MultiLine
, ,
( . 3.42
, MultiLine = false, true; MultiLine = false
C++Builder).
TabPosition
: tpBottom , tpLeft , tpRight tpTop

(
. 3.42).
TabHeight
TabWidth
. 0,
.
Images
ImageList (. . 4.2), . Imagelndex , .
ScrollOpposite
( , ).
ActivePage
Pages
[int Index]
( 0).
.
PageCount
. .
, ,
, , .
C++Builder
223
C+^Builder. OnChanging OnChange.

. AllowChange . AllowChange = false, .
OnChange .
TabControl.
, PageControl, : Style, MultiLine,
TabPosition, TabHeight, TabWidth, Images, ScrollOpposite, OnChanging OnChange. PageControl , TabControl ().
. OnChanging OnChange, ,
.
MultySelect, .
true,
.
Tabs TStrings.
. ,
. Tablndex. , .
OnChanging OnChange , , .
TabControl ,
. , , TabControl , PageControl.
, , TabControl
OnChange :
if (TabControll->TabIndex =- 0)
Panel2->Visible = false;
else Panel2->Visible = true;
Fanel2 , (Tablndex = 0)
.
PageControl , PageControl. A TabControl ,
- .
TabSet, TabbedNotebook
Notebook. 32-
.
TabbedNotebook PageControl. -. Pages, .
ActivePage . Pagelndex
(0 ). , , ActivePage, Pagelndex.
OnChange, , NewTab, , AllowChange .
AllowChange = false.
224
TabbedNotebook
: () Notebook TabSet.
. TabSet 32- TabControl.
,
. Tabs ranaTStrings. . StartMargin
EndMargin . . TabSet
. AutoScroll
, , PageControl TabControl MultiLine = false. Tablndex, OnChange,
TabbedNotebook.
Notebook ,
Pages, TabbedNotebook. Pagelndex. .
- , ,
.. Notebook TabSet , ,' , TabbedNotebook. OnChange
TabSet
Notebookl->PageIndex = NewTab;
: TabbedNotebook.
3.9.4
ToolBar PageScroller
, ,
.
Panel, SpeedButton .
. . , , , , .
,
, ToolBar. ,
, . 3.43.
. 3.43
ToolBar
...
1
2
C++Builder
Z2S
ToolBar , , Align .
, , Align = alNone,
.
, ,
.
.
New Button.
TTooLButton. ,
, .
Style,
tbsButton . .
SpeedButton.
Glyph, Imagelndex.
, ImageList (. .
4.2). , Images, Disabledlmages ( ) Hotlmages (
, ).
Menultem
(. . 3.8.1 3.8.2), . , ( Hint),
Hint .
Enabled () Visible (). ,
Menultem. , .
Menultem, , .
Wrap, true, ,
.
Style, . Style =
tbsCheck , . . SpeedButton AllowAllUp Down (. . 3.7.3). Grouped = true,
, .
Style = tbsDropDown . . Menultem , .
. 3.43 tbsDropDown .
Menultem , .
3.8.1 . 3.37. Style = tbsDropDown
Menultem DropDownMenu,
( PopupMenu), .
Style = tbsSeparator , .
Style = tbsDivider . , New Separator.
226
Indeterminate
. true ,
.
Marked .
. . ,
. ,
ComboBox ( . 3.43), CSpinEdit .
ButtonHeight
ButtonWidth , Wrapable , . , .
, : BorderWidth , Edgelnner EdgeOuter ( ), EdgeBorders (, , , ).

.
. C++Builder. PageScroller, .
, PageScroller , . , - . . 3.9.2 ScrollBox. : PageScroller
. PageScroller
ScrollBox.
PageScroller . 3.44.
, . 3.43. , . 3.43. , PageScroller .
. 3.44

PageScroller
] - '
G-|L
PageScroller Control. , PageScroller.

, , , PageScroller . , ,
PageScroller Control. PageScroller , , .
+-Builder
Margin PageScroIler i n-::-

, PageScroIler ^.
. , :->
Margin . ": > ~.~ .
AutoScrolI , ^~. :
, .
. , AutoScrolI false, ,
3.9.5
CoolBar ControlBar
.
. C++Builder 6,
. , ..
CoolBar. , (bands). TooIBar : , ..
CoolBar.
, , .
.
. .
, , Edit.
CoolBar ,
CoolBar. ,
. ,
,
. (.
. 3.45).
. 3.45

CoolBar
-IQLxJ
I; > 1 |Edi(l
Ol 1 [E d
.
. 3.5.3 (. . 3.22). :
Bands, CoolBar , Bands Editor. , . .
Control . Break
228
, CoolBar, . , . 3.45,
Break = true, Break =
false.
Text , . . 1, 2, 1, 2 . 3.45
.
Text ( ) ImageIndex ImageList (. . 4.2),
Images. (. . 3.45).
MinHeight MinWidth
.
FixedSize ,
. FixedSize = false,
.. . , FixedSize = true.
CoolBar ,
, BandMaximize. , , : bmNone , bmClick
, bmDblClick . , -, bmDblClick bmNone, bmClick
.
FixedOrder, true,
. ,
, , false,
.
Vertical
. Vertical = false, .
, ,
. , .
ControlBar.
CoolBar
Drag&Doc,
. 5, . 5.4.2.
ControlBar.
ControlBar
, , TooIBar Edit. (. . 3.46), , ControlBar, , Drag&Doc.
, ControlBar, DragMode =
dmAutomatic DragKind = dkDock. Drag&Doc (. . 5.4.2).
ControlBar RowSize RowSnap
. RowSize , , a RowSnap . AutoDrag , ( true),
ControlBar.

. AutoDrag true, ^ , ^- .-
,---,
, cninm.onv^ )'-
C++Builder
(. . 3.46 ).
ControlBar, .
Drag&Doc . 5.4.2.
. 3.46

ControlBar ()
()
)
Edit2
3.9.6 StatusBar
StatusBar ,
Windows. .
. 3.2.4, . 3.5.
SimplePanel ,
. SimplePanel - true, , SimpleText.
SimplePanel = false, , Panels. SizeGrip ,
.
TStatusPanels.
.
. 3.5.3 (. . 3.22).
:
Panels, StatusBar
, Panels Editor.
, .
.
Text, . ,
. Width ().

Panels Items. , :
S t a t u s B a r l - > P a n e l s - > I t e m s [ 0 ] - > T e x t - " 1";
1 .
Count
Panels. , :
for (int i 0; i < StatusBarl->Panels->Count; i++)
(
StacjsBarl->Panels->lteras[i]->Text = " " ;
. 3.5
RichEdit, .
230
, , ,
, .
, .
Down, OnKeyUp, OnMouseDown OnMouseUp RichEditl
OnResize :
StatusBarl->panels->Items[0]->Text =
IntToStr((int)RichEditl->CaretPos.y+1)+": ,"+
IntToStr((int)RichEditl-CaretPos.x+l);
if (RichEditl->Modified)
Statu5Barl->Panels->Items[1]->Text = ".";
else StatusBarl->Panel5->Item5[1]->Text = "";
.
. 5.1.9.
3.9.7
C++Builder 5, VCL Frame
, .
.
, :
, ;
.;
, , ,
;
, ,
.
, :
Windows
;
, , , , .
, , .. ,
, .
File | New | Frame
File | New | Other Frame New . ,
, :
include "Unit2.h"
TFrame2 *Frame2;
/*
, , ,
.
.
, ,

//
fastcall TFrame2::TFrame2(TComponent* Owner)
: TFrame(Owner)
C++Builder
231
:
//
class TFran\e2 : public TFrame
{
published:
7*
C++Builder , .

V
private: // User declarations
/*
.
, ,
V
public:
.
,
*/
//
fastcall TFrame2(TComponent* Owner);
);
,
. , ,
.
. :
int A;
, ,
static. :
static int A;
, ,
i n t TFrame2::A = 0;
TFrame2 "::". ,
. , - , , , . 14.
, ,
, , ..
, , , .
- Sew j Frame.
GroupBox (. . 3.9.2). Label Button. ,
. 3.47, (Caption)
BSetup, Bine, BShow.
, ,
.
:
232
. 3.47

class TFrame2 : public TFrame

{
published:
TGroupBox *GroupBoxl;
TLabel "Labell;
TButton *BSetup,TButton *BInc;
TButton *BShow;
void
fastcall BSetupClick(TObject *Sender);
void
fastcall BIncClick(TObject *Sender);
void
fastcall BShowClick(TObject *Sender);
private:
//
int ;
public:
//
int ;
static int ;
fastcall TFrame2(TComponent* Owner);
);
//
int TFrame2;:C = 1;
:
TFrame2 *Frame2;
// D
int D;
//
.
fastcall TFrame2::TFrame2(TComponent* Owner)
: TFrame(Owner)
//
void
fastcall TFrame2::BSetupClick(TObject *Sender)
{
A = = = D =1;
Labell->Caption = "A=" + IntToStr(A) + " B=" + IntToStr(B) +
" C=" + IntToStr(C) + " D=" + IntToStr(D);
//
void
fastcall TFrame2::BIncClick(TObject *Sender)
{
A += 1;
+- 1;
C++Builder
233
+= 1;
D += 1;
Labell->Caption = "=" + IntToStr() + " =" - IntToStr() +
" =" + IntToStr() + " D=" - IntTcStr(D);
void
fastcall TFrame2::BShowClick(TObject *Sender)
{
J J a b e l l - > C a p t i o n = "A-" + I n t T o S t r (A) + " B=" + I n t T o S t r (B) +
" C=" + IntToStr(C) + " D=" + I n t T o S t r ( D ) ;
}
:
;
;
; ;

;
"::" ; ,
D ; ;
D,

1 ( TFrame2::BSetupClick), 1 ( TFrame2::BIncClick), ( TFrame2::BShowClick).
. Frame ( Standard). ,
, .
Frame2 . , , . (. 3.48). Show, , Align alTop Alignment taCenter.
, .
- . , (Caption) GroupBox (. . 3.48 ). , ,
. . . (. 3.47) (Font>Style) . ,
.
.
. , ,
, . , .
234
. 3.48
: ()
()
)
Labeli
1
: 1
; Label!
LabeD
Selup
Setup
Inc
Inc
Stiow
Show
Sho
6)
JSJ*J
; 1
i A-2 B-Z C-5 D=5
. . , :
IFraroe2 *Frame21;
TFraroe2 *Frame22;
. , , . Frame21 Frame22. , , . ,
BShow, .

Labell->Caption = "(Frame21)=" + IntToStr(Frame21->B) +
", B(Frame22)=" + IntToStr(Frame22->B) +
", C=" + IntToStr(TFrame2::C);
Label 1 . TFrame2::C.
: Frame21>C
Frame22>C. .
D ,
. ,
.
, .
, (. . 3.48 ), , D .
D.
C++Builder
235
. . , . 3.49. GroupBox, , , ,
Windows . , .
,
, .
. 3.49

.
File | New | Frame. GroupBox. Edit,
Button, Label, OpenDialog (. . 3.10.2) ApplicationEvents (. . 4.6). , . 3.49.
Filter OpenDialog - , , )*.*. Showffint ( ) Edit Button true. Button Hint, , | .
OnShowHint ApplicationEvents
:
if (Hintlnfo.HintControl == Editl)
if (Labell->Canvas->TextWidth(Editl->Text) > Editl->ClientWidth)
{
HintStr = Editl->Text;
ApplicationEventdl->CancelDispatch();
)
, , ,
(Hintlnfo.HintControl) Editl. , , Editl. , (HintStr) , , ( CancelDispatch), ApplicationEvents, . . . 4.6.
FileName
AnsiString, .

if (OpenDialogl->Execute() )
{
Editl->Text = OpenDialogl->FileName;
FileName = OpenDialogl->FileNarae;
236

Editl FileName , ,
.
OnExit Editl
FileName = Editl->Text;
FileName ,
, .
. ,
. ,
, .
, ,
(. 3.50 ).
. 3.50
:
() ()
-la(x!
4.
... j
)
;
I
!
[FTre,,,
\Fiame \Unii
F
... 1
fameWntl.cpp!
\1
...
- ,
, ..
, (. 3.50 ).
,
.
Add To Repository Add
Palette. - , , ,
. , , . - , ,
. ,
. . 2, . 2.6.
237
C++Builder
3.10
3.10.1
: , , ,
..
C++Builder ,
, . Dialogs.
. , , - ,
. C++Builder , .
.
. 3.9 , , , .
3.9.
OpenDialog

Dialogs
SaveDialog

Dialogs
OpenPictureDialog

Dialogs
,
.
SavePictureDialog

Dialogs
FontDialog
Dialogs
ColorDialog
Dialogs
ColorBox

Additional

. C++Builder 6.
238
PrintDialog
Dialogs
Printers etupDialog Dialogs

FindDialog
Dialogs
ReplaceDialog
Dialogs
CustomizeDlg
Additional

,
. C++Builder 6.
FileListBox
( )
Directory ListBox
( )
Win 3.1
Win 3.1
DriveComboBox
( )
FilterComboBox
( )
Win 3.1
Win 3.1
Samples
, .
CDirectoryOutline
( )
, . , Windows
. -. , Windows ,
.
, ,
Execute. ,
- , true. ,
.
Esc, Execute false.
;
if (< - > -> Executed)
<.,
C++Builder
239
3.10.2
OpenDialog, SaveDialog,
OpenPictureDialog, SavePictureDialog
OpenDialog SaveDialog ..., , , . . 3.51 3.52.
. 3.51

z\ * ft) Cf ES-
] B5_12d
.oc
15_13 doc
1~*B6_3 doc
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S]B5.i6.doe
W] B6J.doc
H]86_1NeM.dtic
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B]E6_6 doc
B6_7.doc
jjfe 9d
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] B6_9.doc
ff]B5J0.doc
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." doc]
/
. 3.52

) Cf -
B"l85 * dx
-$6_LNew.do a3e5_7.doc
' "$B6_i,doc
-iBb_2.doc JBS_1O dQC
1
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- iBt_7 doc ] B5_12.doc
] B5J3.doc
^]B5_2 doc
}5 J4.doc
a]B5_3d

f^ G _d doc
Inn
( [ lid.^toc]
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S]B5_16doc
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S] BD_lrJeKii.doc
S^B6 _2.doc
| 3.rJoC
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, . , , FileName.
. (. . 3.51, 3.52).
,
(. 3.51, 3.52), Filter.
,
.
, . 3.53. Fi'ter Name ,
. Filter
. . 3.53 : .txt .doc "*.*".
240
. 3.53

Filer Name
(* txt. *doc}

I Filter
, "doc
Filter :
(*.txt,
* .doc) | * . t x t ;
*.!| |*.*
.
, , Filter
.
Filterlndex ,
. , FilterIndex = 1 .
InitialDir ,
.
, ,
.
DefaultExt .
,
. DefaultExt, .
.
Title .
, , (, . 3.52). , . ,
.
Options . , , :
ofAllowMultiSelect
ofCreatePrompt
, , ,
.
ofEnablelncludeNotify
ofEnableSizing
ofExtensionDifferent
, , , , , DefaultExt.
C++Builder
241
ofFileMustExist
, , .
offlideReadOnly
. . 3.51 .
ofNoChangeDir
, , .
ofNoDereferenceLinks
ofNoLongNames
8
.
ofNoNetworkButton
.
ofOldStyleDialog .
ofNoReadOnlyReturn
,
.
ofNoTestFileCreate
ofNoValidate

, .
ofOldStyleDialog
(.
. 3.54).
ofOverwritePrompt
, , ,
,
.
ofPathMustExist
,
.
ofReadOnly
ofShareAware
, ,
.
ofShowHelp
.
. 3.52 .
C++Builder 5 OptionsEx, .
ofExNoPlacesBar.
Windows. . 3.51 ,
. 3.52 . ,
.
Options OptionsEx,
ofHideReadOnly, . , ,
.
ofAllowMultiSelect
, Files
TStrings.
242
, 32- C++Builder. ofOldStyleDialog

, . 3.54 16-
Windows. . 3.54 Title
.
. 3.54

OfOldStyleDialog
*I
:
( [', ".deep-]
[ S g: DOC
. , , , ,
.
OnCanClose
. , Esc .. OnCanClose .
OnCanClose , ,
false
CanClose. .
OnFolderChange
, OnSelectionChange , OnTypeChange . - .
OpenDialog SaveDialog.
RichEditl (. .
3.2.4), MainMenu (. . 3.8.1) - , , , .
OpenDialog SaveDialog. , OpenDialogl SaveDialogl.
, , , , , , MyFName. :
AnsiString MyFName ="";
:
if (OpenDialogl->Execute ())
MyE'Name - OpenDialogl->bileNamt;
RichEditl->Lines->LoadFromFile (OpenDialogl->FileName);
C++Builder
, ,
( , Execute true),
(OpenDialogl->FileName) MyFName RichEditl LoadFromFile.
:
3aveDialogl->FileName = MyFName;
if (SaveDialogl->Execute0)
(
MyFName = SaveDialogl->FileName;
RichEditl->Lines->SaveToFile(SaveDialogl->FileName);
}
FileName SaveDialogl . . , , RichEditl.

if(MyFName
!=
"")
RichEditl->Lines->SaveToFile(MyFName) ;
else
if (SaveDialogl->Execute() )
{
MyFName = SaveDialogl->FileName;
MyFName , .. , - . SaveToFile. ,
SaveDialogl , .
.
C++Builder
: OpenPictureDialog SavePictureDialog.
, , , . 6.2
. 6.1.1.1, . 6. , OpenDialog SaveDialog (. 3.51, 3.52), .
OpenPictureDialog SavePictureDialog OpenDialog SaveDialog. Filter OpenPictureDialog
SavePictureDialog. :
All (*.jpg;*.jpeg;*.bmp;*.ico;*.emf;*.wmf)
*.jpg;*.jpeg;*'.bmp;*.ico;*.emf;*.wmf
JPEG Image File f.jpg)
'ipg
JPEG Imoge File (*.|peg)
"ipeg
Bitmaps (*.bmp)
*.bmp
Icons (*.ico)
jco
Enhanced Metafiles f.emf)
*.emf
Metafiles f.wmf)
*.wmf
244
, . , , , , , ,
(*.*) .
3.10.3
DriveComboBox, DirectoryListBox,
FilterComboBox, FileListBox CDirectoryOutline
, C++Builder
, :
() DriveComboBox () FilterComboBox, DirectoryListBox FileListBox, CDirectoryOutline.
. 3.55. , . ,
- (, ..) . . ,
, CDirectoryOutline, Win 3,1 . , 32- .
, -, DirectoryOutline. ,
- C++Builder. , ,
32- ,
, ComboBox.
. 3.55

Q
D
Q
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bcb.-dro
bcb~dsk
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bcbdmt
FilteiComboBox
DirectoiyListBox
D \ \C8uildeiG\Bin
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3 Borland
3 CBuiiderG
CDiiectoiyOutiine
l-O Documents and S e t r

" fj
-S Program Files
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"""
Metscap3
DtiveComboBoH

DriveComboBox ().
. Drive, , Text.
TextCase : tcUpperCase , tcLowerCase .
DriveComboBox , DirectoryListBox, DirList DriveComboBox.
DirectoryListBox.
C++Builder
245
, OnChange DriveComboBox
EirectoryListBoxl->Drive = DriveCoraboBoxl->Drive;
,
DriveComboBoxl, Drive DirectoryListBoxl.
DriveComboBox CDirectoryOutline:
CDirectoryOutlinel->Drive = DriveComboBoxl->Drive;
FilterCombo. Filter, , . ,
Text Mask .
TFileListBox , FileList.
DirectoryListBox ,
Drive.
. , DriveComboBox ,
DirectoryListBox DriveComboBox.
TFileListBox,
, FileList. , Directory
OnChange.
DirectoryListBox Label.
. , (. . 3.55)
MinimizeName. , ,
DirLabel.
FileListBox. Drive,
Directory Mask , .
FileListBox DriveComboBox, DirectoryListBox
FilterComboBox. FileType ,
, . FileType , .
: ftReadOnly , ftHidden , ftSystem , ftVolumelD , ftDirectory
, ftArchive , ftNormal .
ShowGlyphs
( . 3.55 = true).
MultiSelect .
, FileName.
Edit,
(. . 3.55).
FileEdit.
CDirectoryOutline, . Drive. , , Directory.
TextCase : tcLowerCase
, tcUpperCase , tcAsIs
( . 3.55). OutLine, npnvep.
...\source-sa~c es.
246
3.10.4 FontDialog
FontDialog ,
. 3.56. ,
(), .
. 3.56

".
4t
MS belli
'ft
MV Boli
0 Palatiro Lhotope
0 Raavi
Roman
3
f
"
1
2
14
1
24
OK
I
j
zl
-
' *
; P
I :
: | 1
rj
.
. j
Font TFont (. . 5.1.5),

,
.
MaxFontSize MinFontSize . 0
( ), .
(
, ),
(. . 3.56) ,
.
... . , Windows.
MaxFontSize MinFontSize
fdLimitSize (. ).
Device ,
: fdScreen ( ), fdPrinter , fdBoth .
Options :
fdAnsiOnly
Windows,
.
fdApplyButton
,
OnApply.
fdEffects

( .) .
fdFixedPitchOnly .
fdForceFontExist
, .
C++Builder
247
fdLimitSize
MaxFontSize MinFontSize, .
fdNoFaceSel
fdNoOEMFonts
OEM.
fdScalableOnly
,
( bitmap).
fdNoSimulations
,
, , .
fdNoSizeSel
fdNoStyleSel
fdNoVectorFonts
( Roman
Script Windows 1.0).
fdShowHelp
fdTrueTypeOnly
TrueType.
fd Wysiwyg
, , ,
.
, fdEffects, ;.
fdApplyButton, OnApply, , ,
.
FontDialog. Memol, . FontDialog, FontDialogl.
:
if (FontDialogl->Execute())
Memol->E'ont->Assign (FontDialogl->Font) ;
,
, , FontDialogl->Font, , Memol>Font.
.
FontDialogl fdApplyButton, OnApply:
Memol->Font->Assign(FontDialogl->Font) ;
'
Memol,
. ,
.

RichEdit,
.
:
248
3
if (FontDialogl->Execute() )
RichEditl->SelAttributes->Assign(FontDialogl->Font);

, .
:
Font->Assign(FontDialogl->Font) ;
Font
.
3.10.5
ColorDialog ColorBox
ColorDialog , . 3.57. ,
, ( . 3.57
), , .
( . 3.57)
.
.
.
. 3.57

-

era
3"
:-'
i
1
1
^jenor.j 1 ?*! _: 2
^ 0 _ ] 1
.[228 ^: |225
||
ColorDialog Color. , .
, , Color .
CustomColors TStrings ,
.
< >=<
>;
ColorA ( ) ColorP (, ). ,
ColorA-808022
. .
17.
C++Builder
249
Options :
cdFullOpen
cdPreventFullOpen
, .
cdShowHelp
cdSolidColor
Windows , ( ).
cdAnyColor

( ).
.
ColorDialog. , - , , Memol,
if(ColorDialogl->Execute() )
Memol->Color - ColorDialogl->Color;
ColorDialog Windows. , , , ,
. C~+Buiider 6
:-: ColorBox ( Additional).
Style , ,
.
::
ebStandardColors
16 clRed, clBlack ..
cbExtendedColors
clMoneyGreen, clSkyBlue,
clCream, clMedGray.
cbSystemColors
, Windows.
cblncludeNone
clNone.
, NoneColorColor ColorBox, , . cbSystemColors.
blncludeDefault
clDefault . , DefaultColorColor
ColorBox, , .
cbSystemColors.
aCustomColor
Custom.... , . 3.57,
() .
bPrettyNames
, : , Black, clBlack.
250
, , ,
clDefault , clNone
, Windows. Windows 98
Windows 2000 NT. clDefault - ,
, . , clNone , .
DefaultColorColor , clDefault. NoneColorColor , clNone. , , , .
, , Selected.
OnSelect,
. ,
Memol->Color = ColorBoxl->Selected;
, Memol , .
Colors ( 0). ColorNames .
, , ColorBox ComboBox (. 3.2.5). , Items TStrings. , ,
Itemlndex.
, OnCreate, Itemlndex
IndexOf. , clDefault:
ColorBoxl->ItemIndex = ColorBoxl->Iterns->IndexOf("clDefault");
3.10.6
PrintDialog PrinterSetupDialog
PrintDialog ,
. 3.58. ,
, , .
PrintDialog . . Printer ( . . 5.6.1).

, , Font, . PrintDialog ,
. :
PrintRange

: prAHPages , prSelecti ,., .,., prPageNums .
251
C++Builder
Fi wPage

... ....
ToPage

... ....
PrintToFile
, .
Copies
Collate
, .
3.58
.iJxl
." -
?
i :
| Epson LX-100
I :
:
:
jj
Epson LX-100
LPT1:
I f* J1
;
i
|2
no'jiLi
f
1^ .
, , MaxPage MinPage .
... .... , Options:
poDisablePrintToFile
.
poPrintToFile.
poHelp
. Windows 95/98.
poPageNums
, 1
.
|
poPrintToFile
--\
poSelection
,
.
poWarning
, .
PrinterSetupDialog, " . ,
,
;: . ,
, .
.
252
3.10.7
FindDialog ReplaceDialog
FindDialog ReplaceDialog, (. 3.59 3.60),
, , ReplaceDialog. , ReplaceDialog
FindDialog.
. 3.59

4TJ- |RichE*1
~ f
~
. 3.60

; f
(RidiEdiH
- fffichEde

V
:
FindText
, . , .
ReplaceText
ReplaceDialog ,
FindText.
Position
,
TPoint , X (
) Y ( ).
Left
, , Position.X.
Top
, , Position.Y.
Options
Options :
frDisableMatchCase
frDisableUpDown

,
.
frDisableWholeWord
: - i - - o a C++Builder
253
frDown
. ,
.
frFindNext
, ,
.
frHideMatchCase
frHideWholeWord
frHideUpDown
frMatchCase
,
.
, .
frReplace
ReplaceDialog. , ,
( ) FindText ReplaceText.
frReplaceAll
ReplaceDialog. , , FindText ReplaceText.
frShowHelp
frWholeWord
,
.
, .
FindDialog ReplaceDialog , . .
.
OnFind, , ,
OnReplace, ,
. OnReplace , , frReplace frReplaceAll.
RichEdit , FindText, :
int
fastcall FindText(const System::AnsiString SearchStr,

int StartPos, int Length,
TSearchTypes Options);
RichEdit , SearchStr. , StartPos ( ), Length .

Options , stWholeWord
( ) stMatchCase ( ). . , 1.
254
,
RichEditl. :
/* - ,
RichEditl
*/
FindDialogl->FindText - RichEditl->SelText;
FindDialogl->Execute();
,
RichEditl, FindDialogl.
OnFind FindDialogl :
void __fastcall TForml::FindDialoglFind(TObject *Sender)
{
int FoundAt, StartPos, ToEnd;
TSearchTypes Option;
/* ,' ,
, . - */
StartPos = RichEditl->SelStart;
if (RichEditl->SelLength)
StartPos += RichEditl->SelLength;
'
/* ToEnd - ,
*/
ToEnd = RichEditl->Text.Length 0 - StartPos;
/*
*/
if (FindDialogl->Options.Contains(frWholeWord))
Option << stWholeWord;
else Option >> stWholeWord;
/*
*/
if (FindDialogl->Options.Contains(frMatchCase) )
Option << stMatchCase;
else Option >> stMatchCase;
FoundAt = RichEditl->FindText(FindDialogl->FindText,
StartPos, ToEnd, Option);
if (FoundAt != -1) //
{
RichEditl->SelStart = FoundAt;
RichEditl->SelLength = FindDialogl->FindText.Length();
)
else ShowMessage(" '" + FindDialogl->FindText +
"' ");
)
FindDialoglFind ,
. .
( StartPos ToEnd),
. Option . FindText .
( FindText -1), ShowMessage.
RichEdit. Memo Pos
AnsiString (. . 17), :
C++Builder
tr.z
255
fastcall Pos (const AnsiStringk subStr) const;

subStr , . 1.
subStr , 0.
AnsiString:
Substring LowerCase. :
AnsiString
fastcall Substring(int index, int count) const;
, index count .
LowerCase,
AnsiString
f a s t c a l l LowerCase()
const;
S, .
. Memol MFind , Memol. .
, , :
void
fastcall TForml: :MFindClick (TObject *Sender)
{
/* - ,
FindDialogl->FindText = Memol->SelText;
FindDialogl->Execute();
Memol
*/
void
fastcall TForml::FindDialoglFind(TObject 'Sender)
{
int FoundAt, StartPos, ToEnd;
/* 0 , ,
, - */
StartPos = Memol->SelStart;
if (Memol->SelLength)
StartPos += Memol->SelLength;
/* ToEnd - , */
ToEnd - Memol->Text.Length() - StartPos;
/*
*/
if (FindDialogl->Options.Contains(frMatchCase))
FoundAt = StartPos +
Memol->Text.Substring(StartPos+1, ToEnd).Pos(FindDialogl->FindText);
else
FoundAt = StartPos +
Memol->Text.Substring(StartPos+1,
ToEnd) .LowerCase () .Pos(FindDialogl->FindIext.LowerCase());
if (FoundAt != StartPos) //
(
Memol->SetFocus();
Memol->SelStart - FoundAt-1;
Memol->SelLength = FindDialogl->FindText.Length();
)
else ShowMessage(" '" + FindDialogl->FindText + "' ");
)
RichEdit , .
34
, FindDialogl ReplaceDialogl. OnReplace

ReplaceDialogl. ,
. OnFind , ,
(. . 3.60), OnReplace. , RichEdit, :
void
(
fastcall TForml::ReplaceDialoglFind(TObject Sender)
// " ",
if(ReplaceDialogl->Options.Contains(frReplaceAll))
ReplaceDialoglReplace(Sender);
void
fastcall TForml::ReplaceDialoglReplace(TObject 'Sender)
(
if (RichEditl->SelText != "")
//
//
RichEditl->SelText = ReplaceDialogl->ReplaceText;
else if (ReplaceDialogl->Options.Contains(frReplace))
{
ShowMessage(" '" + ReplaceDialogl->FindText +
"' ");
return;
]
// " ",
if (ReplaceDialogl->Options.Contains(frReplaceAll))
ReplaceDialoglFind(Sender);
}
ReplaceDialoglFind .
, ReplaceDialoglReplace,
,
ReplaceDialoglFind. . , , (. . 3.60) . , ReplaceDialoglFind. ReplaceDialoglReplace, .
RichEdit.
Memo RichEdit 1 Memol.
II

, ,
C++Builder
C++Builder 6
4.1
C++Builder , , . C++Builder ,
(. . 3). : ,
.
, .
, .
. , ,
,
- . ,
, ,
.
, , , . , C++Builder . ,
, ,
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. 1 - .

. - , .. , . . ,
. , .

,
,
. ,
.
.
- .
, , . .
. , ,
, ,
, . .
260
, . , -
, . - :
.
, C++Builder , , .
. :
, , , . , . ,
, . C++Builder , . , , .
, , , ,
. , .
, .
Action. ,
, , .
. , ? - (,
), , .
.
C++Builder . , ++ilder 4, ActionList. , . C++Builder 5 , ActionList, . C++Builder 6 60. ,
C++Builder?
, C++Builder 6 , : ActionManager, ActionMainMenuBar, ActionToolBar, CustomizeDlg.
, , , ,
. ,
, ActionList - CLX (. . 8.1), a ActionManager Windows.
, C++Builder.
.
. -, ImageList,
. -,
C++Builder , Application .
. Application ApplicationEvents,
. , Screen ,
.
261
. , , , .
(action) , , ,
. - ,
, , , , - , .
. , .
C++Builder ,
TAction. , .
, ,
, - , .. (
) , .
, ,
, ,
, , .
,
. C++Builder 4 5 ActionList. , , , , , , .. C++Builder 6 ActionManager, ActionList.
, , .
, .
,
. ActionList
,
( , ), ActionList. , , . ActionManager .
ActionManager .

. ImageList. ImageList .
.
, :
1. , , , .
262
2.
,
,
ImageList.
3. : ActionList ActionManager. ImageList.
.
4. : Name () Caption (, ), Shortcut ( ), Imagelndex ( ImageList), Hint ( ), HelpContext HelpKeyword ( ) . .
. , ,
. ,
. ,
, , . HelpContext HelpKeyword
.
5. .
. , , .
, ActionList,
ActionManager. ActionList :
6. MainMenu ,
ImageList,
, ActionList.
7. (, ToolBar).
ImageList, ,
ActionList.
ActionManager, :
. ActionMainMenuBar
. ActionManager. ActionManager , , .
7. ActionManager ,
. .

, .
.
4.2 ImageList
ImageList , , 0.
, . 3 , . ,
ImageList.
. , .
263
TImageList . , . 4.1, TImageList

;
mogeList Editor.
. 4.1

SaJ
S
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I
Options
Dap
J
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<~ Cenler
Cancel I
AEPi-
Help
35
i
_JjJ;
Ejpot.. j :
lea
, Add, Delete,
Clear. ,
. , , ...\Program Files Common Files\Borland Shared\Images\
Buttons. , . , , , ,
. ,
, (. . 3.7.2).
: Bitmap dimensions
for ... are greater then imagelist dimensions. Separate into ... separate bitmaps?
( ... . ... ?). ,
. . . , ,
, Delete.
. 4.1,
. , , .., .
, .
, , : Transparent Color Fill Color. ,
. , , :
.
Transparent Color ,
. . , .
264
Fill Color , . clNone.

Options , , :
Crop
, ,
.
Stretch
,
. .
Center
, , .
TImageList :
Height
Integer
Width
Integer
AllocBy
Integer
, .
Count
Integer
.
.
.
C++Builder
[3].
ImageList.
- , . 6,
.
, Draw:
void
fastcall Draw(Graphics::TCanvas* Canvas, int X, int Y,

int Index, bool Enabled - true);
(. . 6.1.3) Canvas ,
Index. X Y
. Enabled , , ( false), . Enabled true,
.
Draw . . 3.2.5 3.6.2, . 3.
void
void
fastcall GetBitmap (int Index, Graphics : -.TBitmap* Image);

fastcall Getlcon(int Index, Graphics::TIcon* Image);
Index Image.
.
:
int
int
int
fastcall Add(Graphics::TBitmap* Image,

Graphics::TBitmap* Mask);
fastcall Addlcon(Graphics::TIcon* Image);
fastcall AddMasked(Graphics::TBitmap* Image,
Graphics::TColor MaskColor);
265
Image , . Mask
. Masked false, .
AddMasked Add,
MaskColor . , , .
HIDESBASE void
fastcall Insert(int Index,
Graphics::TBitmap* Image, Graphics::TBitmap* Mask);
void
fastcall Insertlcon(int Index, Graphics::TIcon* Image);
void
fastcall InsertMasked(int Index,
Graphics:rTBitmap* Image,
Graphics::TColor MaskColor);
, , Index. .
void
void
void
fastcall Replace(int Index, Graphics::!Birraap' Newlmage,

Graphics:iTBitmap* Mask);
fastcall Replacelcon(int Index,
Graphics::TIcon* Newlmage);
fastcall ReplaceMasked(int Index,
Graphics::TBitmap* Kevlir.age,
Graphics::TColor MaskCnicr);
, Index Newlmage.
void
fastcall
Delete(int
Index);
Index.
void
f a s t c a l l Move(int Curlndex, int Newlndex);
Curlndex , Newlndex.
, Imagelist ,
. , ,
, .
4.3
ActionList
. 4.1. , ActionList.
;, C++Builder 6 ActionManager. ActionList . -,
, +-I-Builder 6. -, ActionList
- , ActionManager Windows. , Action Manager ActionMainMennBar ActionToolBar, , . 3 MainMenu .
266
ActionList, Standard,
, , . 4.1, . .
. 4.2 ImageList
Images ActionList. ,
ImageList .
ActionList .
(. 4.2), .
. 4.2

Categore
i s- Aliens
[Mo Calegoivl *"> AUndo
JbACul
BiAPasle
ABold
Allaire
1! AUnderlinc
\- ABullets
* AUll
ARight
ACenlei
tfAOpan
i
d

: New Action ( ) New Standard Action ( ). .
Actionl, Action2 .. ,
. . 4.4.
, TAction. [AIIActions] ( ),
,
. Name ()

. , , . , , - ,
..
. , ,
"", . 4.2.
(Caption), , ..
( ) , (. . 3.7.2). (Shortcut), (Hint),
(HelpContext)
.
Imagelndex, ( 0) , ImageList. , , .
(. 4.2).
267
Category () . . ,
- . , . 4.2 , . .

: OnExecute, OnUpdate OnHint.
OnExecute ,
, , ( , ),
. , . , OnExecute
AExit ( )
void
fastcall TFMain::AExitExecute(TObject *Sender)
(
Close () ;
)
, .. , . , AExitExecute, , , Button7Click N14Click (

, Button7 N14).
, .. .
OnUpdate . ,
. OnUpdate
- , - .
OnHint ,
, , .
OnUpdate OnHint .

.
, ..,
Action, .
, .
, . ,
, Caption, Hint ., OnCHck , .
, ,
Action,
, . Hint, Caption .
TActionLink .
268
, Caption, Checked, Enabled, HelpContext, Hint, Imagelndex, Shortcut, Visible. , . TActionLink ,

. , . , . , - (, ,
) Button3 N5, ( Do), ActionList :
Button3->Enabled = false;
N5->Enabled - false;
Do :
Do->Enabled = false;
, ,
, , , , .
4.4
New
Standard Action ( ). (. 4.3), (
). . ++ilder 5 26 . C++Builder 6
62. , ,
.
( Edit), ( Format), ( Search), ( Help), (
File), MDI ( Window . MDI
5.5.4), ( Tab), ( List), ( Dialog), ( Internet),
( DataSet) .
. 4.3

Availabb Action Dai

E; (No Category]
TAcliori
;-! Edit
TEdilCut
TEdtCcpy
TEditPeste
TEditSelectWI
TEditUndo
TEdtOelete
:.-; Format
TRichEdilBnW
TRichEdlllalic
TRichEditUndeilne
TRichEdilStukeOut
TRichEditBullets
TRichEdtAlignLdt
TRichEdWoyiHight
TRichEdittlignCentEl
OK
Cancel
269
, .
. , . , .
ActionList ImageList. Images ActionList ImageList.
, . 4.3,
Edil TFileExit File, .
(. 4.4), , , , ImageList .
ImageListl , . , .
,
. , ActionList ImageList. ActionList .
ActionList
ImageList.
. 4.4

_3 - E i
Actont
Ffc
%EdCw,l
BEdPaoel
E*SctAH
"EiSUndol
XEdDdeKI
. 4.4 -
. -, ,
Action. , TAction. . 4.3. , : (Caption), (Hint), (Shortcut). , , :
, ,
, .

, OnExecute. , . OnExecute, , ..
, . ( 3.9.4)
Images ImageListl.
true ShowHint. -
270
, .
Action .
- , , . . 4.5. .
, , , . , , , , . (Paste,
). , . , , Print Screen,
, . , . , , , (), (Cut), (Delete). - ,
(Undo).
, , .
. 4.5

, . ,
( ), . , , , , , , ,
? ,
, .
, , OnExecute.
.
OnExecute.
, , . , FileExitl,
, Ctrl-E.
ToolBarl (Visible = false) . . .
, Ctrl-E, .
.
,
.
C++Builder [3]. -
271
, Windows.
( TFileOpen, TFileSaveAs, TFilePrintSetup, TSearchFind, TSearchReplace,
TSearchFindFirst, TOpenPicture, TSavePicture, TColorSelect, TFontEdit, TPrintDlg) Dialog , . 3.10, . 3. , - .
BeforeExecute ( ), OnAccept (, ) OnCancel (, Esc). OnAccept,
. , KichEditl FileOpenl, RichEditl
, OnAccept
:
RichEditl->Lines->LoadFromFile (FileOpenl->Dialog->Fi-e::=-e) ;
,
Filter Dialog, FileOpenl.
4.5
ActionManager,
ActionMainMenuBar, ActionToolBar, CustomizeDIg
4.5.1 ActionManager
ActionManager, C-t-'-Builder 6,

ActionList. ActionManager . . , .
ActionMainMenuBar ,
ActionToolBar .
, ActionManager. .
ActionManager .
.
.
,
CustomizeDIg, . ,
, .
, , ,
. ActionManager .
, , , , , . , ,
272
. .
ActionManager. State . asNormal :
.
asSuspended asSuspendedEnabled . . State
. , Enabled ,
Enabled true.
, , ,
ActionManagerl, ,

ActionManagerl->State = asSuspended;

. - .
FileName , ActionManager . ActionManager
. .
,
.
. - .
- ,
FileName. , . FileName . - , , .
.
FileName,
.
, . FileName
, FileName .
Images ActionManager ImageList, , .
ActionManager .
ActionManager. ActionManager
. Actions,
. 4.6. Category () Actions ()
. ,
,
New Action New Standard Action. ,
4.3 4.4.
273

. 4.6
Actions
ActionManager
3

Ctrl+S
%)
Ctrl+C
Ctrl+V
Ctrl+Z
Jt
VnaniTK
' Description
?
To add actions to your application simply drag and drop from either
Categories or Actions onto an existing ActionBar,
, Actions
, , . - ,
: Caption, Hint, Shortcut . Hint
Description () .
. 4.6.
Category.
4.3 ActionList, ActionManager
. .
, , (. . 4.6).
Toolbars ( ) ActionManager . 4.7. Toolbars
ActionManager ( ActionToolBar) ( ActionMainMenuBar). ActionMainMenuBar ( )
. 4.7
Toolbars
ActionManager
New...
Oetete
- Ioolbar Options
Caption CV.c-s
(Selective
3
f A; :v caption options Jpal toolbars
274
, .
ActionToolBar , New. Delete
.
New
ActionMainMenuBar,
Actions (. 4.6) . ,
.
Toolbors
. , .
Toolbars ,
. . , (Caption) - , , . . 4.7 , 1, 2. AllowHiding. ( true) . AllowHiding = false, (,
. 4.7). ,
. .
Caption Options (Caption) Toolbars ,
None . . , , .
. . Apply caption options to all toolbars
.
Caption Options Selective, , ,
ShowCaption, . ,
ShowCaption false .
Caption Options None,
ShowCaption . .
Options (. 4.8)
. Menus show recently used items first , Windows 2000/XP, , . , , .
- ,
. , , . , ,
, .
Reset Usage Data . Large icons
. Show tips on toolbars
. Show shortcut keys
275

4.8
'- Options
<;-: ActionManager
*1
Toolbar! j ftcbor.s Options j
PBrsonaloed Menus and Toolbars
p Menu sho- -ntty used terns first
.
Reset usage lata j
. Other
" large icons

7 Show t-ps or tcoba-5
7 Show srio:rjE -^---s ic
; Menu animations; \z*f SJ":
in tips . Menu animation

.
4.5.2
. ,
Memo,
, , ,
,
. , , , . , , , , , .
,
. . 4.9 .
. 4.9

Jr
43 , > *
add tuns to y o u application amply d'-ag -snd drop fie

& of Actions onto an existing ActionBaf,
276
, Memo (. 3.2.4), ImageList (. 4.2), ActionMainMenuBar ActionManager.

ActionManager Images ImageListl,
.
ActionManager.
Toolbors (. 4.7) New,
.
Actions (. 4.6) . New Standard
Action, . (. 4.3) Edit ( , ,
Shift), TFileOpen, TFileSaveAs TFileExit File (
, ,
Ctrl) TCustomizeAdionBars Tools. .
:
. 4.6, .
, . 4.6, .
.
File New Action
.
. 4.6 Actionl.
. .
. 4.6 - , , File. Category
&.
. , . 4.6 Caption Hint (, , , ).
Actionl (Name), , FileSavel.
, Caption (, &), Hint (, |
) , Shortcut (, F2). , . , .
ImageListl filesave.bmp Buttons, C++Builder,
Image Editor, 6.1.2.
, .
, , .
. . 4.6 ActionMainMenuBarl.
.
ActionToolBar. , .
.. ,
, . , ,
.
,
, . FileName ActionManagerl ,
. . ,
277
,
4.4. ,
(, ,
, , , ).
, , , - . , . , - .
( TCustomizeActionBars), ( . 4.9) , . Actions, Toolbars, Options (. . 4.6-4.8).
Actions (. 4.6)
, . Toolbars
New Delete, Reset, . Options ,
(. 4.8). , , - ..
Menus show recently used items first Options, .
TCustomizeActionBars. CustomizeDlg. , .
CustomizeDlg ActionManager ActionManagerl. - , , ( OnDblClick)
CustomizeDlgl->Show();
.
, .
. . ,
. , . ,
.
.
ActionManagerl Actions
. ,
Dialog. , . 3.10.2 OpenDialog. Dialog .
3.10.2, Filter Default Ext. , : ?--< .
, . ,
. , -, .
FileName
, Memo:
AnsiString FileName;
278
4.4, , , BeforeExecute ( ), cept ( ) OnCancel (

Esc). Accept:
FileName = FileOpenl->Dialog->FileName;
Memol->Lines->LoadFromFile(FileName) ;

FileName. , . Memol.
,
, , .
BeforeExecute
OnAccept. FileName :
FileSaveAsl->Dialog->FileName = FileName;
OnAccept Memol:
FileName = FileSaveAsl->Dialog->FileName;
Memol->Lines->SaveToFile(FileName) ;
. , , OnExecute. , , FileName . ,
Memol . FileName , , . , . Execute. :
if (FileName !- "")
Memol->Lines->SaveToFile(FileName) ;
else FileSaveAsl->Execute() ;
ActionManager. , .
ActionManager ActionBars , . TActionBars. Count ,
ActionBars , .
, , TActionBarltem.
ActionBar .
- . ,
for (int i = l ; i < ActionManagerl->ActionBars->Count; i++)
ActionManagerl->ActionBars->ActionBars[i]->
ActionBar->AllowHiding - false;
, ActionManager 1.
ActionManager LinkedActionLists
. LinkedActionLists -
279
ActionManager , , , ActionList (. 4.3). , ,

ActionManager. . 4.6. All Actions
( ) . , , ,
( , ) MainMenu ActionToolBar.
LinkedActionLists
. .
Add New .
ActionList .
ActionManager ,
C++Builder, Action, ActionManager. MainMenu PopupMenu (. 3.8), (. 3.9.4), .. , ,
ActionManager . , .
4.6 ApplicationEvents
Application
Application
TApplication . ,
, , . Application
, , , .
Application. Active
( ) . true,
.
, Active false.
ExeName ,
. , ,
(, , ..), . ExtractFilePath(Application>ExeName) .
ExeName ParamStr(O),
.
Title , . ,
Title, icotion
( Project | Options). , , .
MainForm TForm . ShowMainForm ,
. true,
.
Application>ShowMainForm
false Application>Run() Visible
false, .
280
HelpFile , .
, Help File, Application ( Project | Options).
, .
Application
. Hint Hint ,
. OnHint,
.
Hint , ,
Hint Application. Application>Hint

, .
HintColor TColor . clInfoBk, .
HintPause ( 500
). HintHidePause , (
2500 ). HintShortPause ,
( 50 ).
,
.
Application.
Initialize , Run ,

, Project | View Source.
CreateForm
. , ( Project | Options Forms), ,
:
void
fastcall CreateForm(System::TMetaClass* InstanceClass,

void 'Reference);
InstanceClass ,
classic!, a Reference ( ). :
classid(TForm2),
SForm2);
Terminate . , Application->Terminate()
Close .
- , , , Application>Terminate().
Minimize ,
Windows.
.
HelpFile, . HelpContext:
bool
fastcall HelpContext(Classes::THelpContext Context);
Context. , . Helpjump:
281
bool
fastcall HelpJump(const System::AnsiString JumpID);
, JumpID
#
, , .
HelpCommand:
bool
fastcall HelpCommand(int Command, int Data);
Command API WinHelp

Data. OnHelp , WinHelp.
WinHelp WinHelp win32.hlp, ...\Program Piles\Common Files\Borland Shared\MSHelp. . HELP_CONTENTS 0 . HELP_INDEX 0 . HELP_CONTEXT ,
, ( HelpContext). HELP_CONTEXTPOPUP , , , .
TApplication , (
C++Builder),
Application.
MessageBox, ,
(
Windows). . . . 16, . 16.7.2.3.
TApplication ,
. Application . C++Builder 5
ApplicationEvents, . Application , ,
ApplicationEvents.
ApplicationEvents. Application
. , - , Activate,
ApplicationEvents. , ApplicationEvents ,
CancelDispatch.
ApplicationEvents .
ApplicationEvents
Handled. false. , ApplicationEvents, Handled =
true. Handled = false, ApplicationEvents ( ). , ,
. , CancelDispatch.
ApplicationEvents .
284
4
ApplicationEvents.
OnHint:
void
fastcall TForml::ApplicationEventslHint(TObject *Sender)
(
StatusBarl->SimpleText = Application->Hint;
>
StatusBarl (. . 3.9.6)
Hint , . ShowHint .
OnShowHint:
void
fastcall TForml::ApplicationEventslShowHint(
AnsiString SHintStr, bool SCanShow,
if (HintInfo.HintControl->ClassNameIs("TEdit"))
if (Canvas->TextWidth(Editl->Text) > Editl->ciientwidth)
Hintstr = Editl->Text;
ApplicationEventsl->CancelDispatch();
]
1
, , Text Width , . , , . ,
,
, , (. . 3.2.3). , OnShowHint
, ShowHint true.
Hint
, , :
else CanShow = false;
OnHelp:
bool
fastcall TForml::ApplicationEventslHelp(
WORD Command, int Data, bool SCallHelp)
(
if((Command -= HELP_CONTEXT) 66 (Data < 10))
Application->HelpCommand(HELPjCONTEXTPOPUP, Data) ;
CallHelp = false;
}
return true;
t
, 10, , WinHelp.
( ) , .
OnHelp , F1 , HelpContext ,
, HelpContext. -
285

.
OnShortCut:
void
fastcall TForral::ApplicationEventslShortCut(
TWMKey SMsg, bool SHandled)
(
if (Msg.CharCode == 'Q')
if (Application->MessageBox(
" ?",
" ",
MB_YESNOCANCEL+MB_ICONQUESTION) == IDYES)
Application->Terminate() ;
)
, "Q" (
), Application>MessageBox . , Application >Terrainate.
4.7 Screen ,

C++Builder Screen
() TScreen, Windows
, .
, , Screen, Height Width . , , ,
Position , . ,
, , ,
. , , , , OnCreate :
Width - Screen->Width / 2;
Height = Screen->Height / 2;
.
, PixelsPerlnch, . ,
.
Screen Forms[int Index], , ----
, FormCount, ;
. , ,
""
, >:_
. :
for (int i = 0; i < Screen->FormCount; i++)
(
if (Screen->Forras[i]->Height > Screen->Height)
Screen->Forms[i]->Height - Screen->Height - 100;
if (Screen->Forms[i]->Width > Screen->Width)
286
4
Screen~>Forms[i]->Width = Screen->Width - 100;
}
, ,
100 .
, , ,
. . 5.2.
, , (. .
9.13). DataModules[int Index]
, DataModuleCount .
.
Screen Fonts ().
TStrings , ( ). , ,
, .
,
,
. , TComboBox
OnCreate :
ComboBoxl->Iteras = Screen->Fonts;
ComboBoxl->ItemIndex = 0;

, , , , RichEditl, OnClick OnChange
:
RichEditl->SelAttributes->Narae =
ComboBoxl->Items->Strings[CoraboBoxl->IteraIndex);
, ParentFont true, :
Font->Narae = ComboBoxl->Items->Strings[ComboBoxl->ItemIndex] ;
Cursor Screen .
crDefault,
Cursor. Cursor Screen
crDefault,
, Screen.
,
- . :
Screen->Cursor = crHourGlass;
try
f
//
}
catch
{
(...)
Screen->Cursor = crDefault; //
throw;
)
Screen->Cursor crDefault;
287

.
-
crDefault , ,
:
TCursor Save_Cursor = Screen->Cursor;
Screen->Cursor = crHourGlass;
try
(
//
}
catch (...)
(
Screen->Cursor - Save_Cursor;
throw;
)
Screen->Cursor = Save_Cursor;
Cursors[I], . .
C++Builder (Image Editor). 6.1.2, . 6.
LoadCursor. .
, , NEWCURSOR. , . :
const crMyCursor = 1;
-32768 32767.
,
, 0 21.
OnCreate , Cursors:
Screen->Cursors [crMyCursor]-LoadCursor (HInstance,
"XEX; . ? : : . - "
, '--' * --- =
,
.
.-
Screen->Cursor = crMyCursor;

Screen->Cursor = crDefault;
,
, Panell
Panell->Cursor = (TCursor)crMyCursor;
. 6.1.6, . 6.
Screen ActiveForm. - . ,
, ActiveForm , , .
, OnActiveFormChange.
288
ActiveControl .
OnActiveControlChange.
C++Builder 4, , .
,
. , , Screen>Monitors[I], I
. 0 . Screen>Monitors[I] TMonitor,
.
TMonitor Height Width
. , Left .
.
,
. Left
. TMonitor MonitorNum , Screen>Monitors[I].
, ,
DefaultMonitor. :
dmDesktop
dmPrimary
Screen->
Monitors
dmMainForm
dmActiveForm

5.1
Windows
5.1.1

(Graphical User Interface GUI)
,
, ,
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C++Builder
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. Windows, Microsoft.
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, Windows.
,
Windows, , 10 C-H-Builder
290
.
. , .
, Windows,
:
. MainMenu ActionManager ActionMainMenuBar (. . 5.1.6, 3.8, 4.5).
,
. (. . 3.9.4). , PageScroller
(. . 3.9.4), ,
,
ControlBar (. . 3.9.5). , , ActionManager ActionToolBar (. . 4.5).
( PopupMenu . . 3.8),

.
(. . 5.1.8).
(. . 3.7.2), (. . 3.8.1).
, (. . 5.1.9).
( StatusBar . . 3.9.6), .
, F1
- (. . 5.1.9).
,
(. . 2.3.5).
, , (. . 5.7.2, 5.7.3 4.5).
, Windows
Windows ( , ,
. ,
.).
.
. , , .

. C++Builder
.
291
5.1.2
- . .
: (SDI)
(MDI).
SDI.

, Windows, . ,
Windows, SDI ,
, ,
.
, MDI .
Microsoft Word. MDI () ( ). ,
, (,
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- . , , Microsoft
MDI ( , Windows ).
MDI . 5.5.4.
5.1.3
, . , . , , (unit), , , - , , .
Windows .
, C++Builder Windows
. , ,
,
.
.
BorderStyle ,
.
:
292
bsSizeable
Windows ,
,
- . BorderStyle
.
bsDialog
. .
bsSingle
, , ,
.
bsToolWindow
, bsSingle, .
bsSizeToolWin
, bsSizeable, .
bsNone
. ,
, .
Borderlcons , . :
bySistemMenu
, .
byMinimize
, .
byMaximize
, .
byHelp
,
BorderStyle.
. 5.1 BorderStyle Borderlcons.
bsDialog ( Form3 Form4 . 5.1),
( Form4)
, - . bsNone , . . Form3,
Form6 Form8 , . :
Form6 ( bsSizeToolWin) , . Form3 Form8 . , Form6 Form8
:
.

_ _ . _ _
. , ,
. 5.2, . , -
: , , ..

BorderStye
l =bsDialog
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bjMwmBel
. 5.1. BorderStyle Borderlcons

'
BorderStyle *= bsSingle
(Barderlcons.byMaximize = false]. , , .

BorderStyle = bsDialog. BorderStyle = bsSingle,
( Borderlcons.byMoximize = false). -'
, - , ,
.
, , BorderStyle = bsNone. , -
.
WindowState ,
.
:
wsNormal
( WindowState )
wsMinimized
wsMaximized
WindowState wsNormal , , , Position,

:
294
poDesigned

, .
, .
poScreenCenter
. , . (. . 4.7),
,
, DefaultMonitor.
poDcsktopCentcr
. ,
. (.
. 4.7).
poDefault
Windows,
. .
poDefaultPosOnly
Windows. . .
poDefaultSizeOnly
Windows, . .
poMainFormCenter
C++Builder 5. . , .
(. . 4.7). . ,
poScreenCenter.
poOwnerFormCenter
C++Builder 6. ,
Owner. ,
. Owner , poMainFormCenter.

Position
poScreenCenter poDefoultPosOnly. ,
, poDesigned, .
Position
Windows , PixelsPerlnch Scaled. , false. , Scaled true.

( Position).
295
AutoScroll ,
, .
AutoScroll true, .
, .
Icon . C++Builder.
Icon,
(Picture Editor) (. . 3.33 . 3.7.2). Load (), ( .ico). C++Builder , lmages\lcons.
Icon , . , . , Windows . C++Builder.

. , . Project | Options
Application (. 5.2).
(Title), . Load Icon , , .
. 5.2
Application
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. FormStyle
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MDI, .. , .
296
fsMDIChild
fsStayOnTop
MDI.
, Windows.
MDI . 5.5.4. fsMDIForm fsMDIChild .

FormStyle = fsStayOnTop , , .

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- .
,
, . ,
- , ,
, - . .
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,

if (MStayOnTop->Checked)
Forml->FormStyle = fsStayOnTop;
else Forml->FormStyle = fsNormal;
, , ,
MStayOnTop. , .
.
AutoCheck C++Builder 6.

MStayOnTop->Checked -
! MStayOnTop->Checked;
5.1.4
.
. , , , .
, . , ,
, . - . .

. , , ,
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297
Microsoft). , , .
. , ,
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- , .
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: clBlack ,
clGreen .., clWindow
, clMenuText ..
,
. 17, . Color.
,
. ,
. : (,
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16 . 256 (, , 16 ) ,
,
16 . (, , ), .
, , , . , Windows.
, C++Builder , Windows. ,
.
, ,
Windows, .
.
, , . , ,
. dBlack , clWhite cIRed .
298
ParentColor. true,
. , ,
, , , ,
. .
5.1.5
C++Builder Font,
. ,
ParentFont. true,
Font ,
. ParentFont ParentColor
.
C++Builder MS
Sans Serif 8. Charset
DEFAULT_CHARSET. ,
. , Windows .
. ,
-
, ..
. , ,
, . - ,
, , . , , , . .
: System MS Sans Serif,
. , , . ,
Windows .
- . , , , :
if
(Screen->Fonts->IndexOf("Arial")
== -1)
, ,
( Arial) . CD ROM
.

.
. , FontDialog (. . 3, . 3.10.5). .ini,
(. . 5.7.2 5.7.3).
, ,
. 17, . Font.
299
5.1.6
,
. : ,
, , , ,
- .
C++Builder MainMenu ,
PopupMenu .
Standard. , C++Builder 6 , , ActionManager ActionMainMenuBar. . 3.8 4.5.
, Windows.
.
: , , , .
. , ,
, ,
Clipboard .. , Windows,
.
.
. 3.5 . 3.2.4, . 3. ,
. . ,
, ,
MDI .. (. . 3.5),
.
, , . C++Builder
, , ,
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. . 5.3
, , MDI ? .
, , ,
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.

.
.
, - , ,
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300
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301
, . . false Enabled Visible . ,

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). , Insert From Template
MainMenu. , ,
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. 3.8.1, 4.3
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, , .
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. 8.2, . 8.
, .
, , .
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5.1.7
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302
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,
. ,
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Frame (. . 3.9.7) , (. . 2.6), .

C+4-Builder .
. 2.6. , , , . , , -
.
,
. C+4-Builder
. -
, .., , .

, ,
. ,
.
5.1.8
. , , -
303
Tab. ,
, . , ,
- , . ,
Tab , , Tab,
, , .
ActiveControl, , ,
. , .
TabOrder .
, .
TabOrder, 0, 1 ..
TabOrder, , ,
( ActiveControl). , , , -. , , .
, .
TabOrder
. TabOrder - , ,
, TabOrder , . TabOrder, , ,
.
- , TabOrder
TabOrder , . C++Builder
Edit | Tab Order, .
TabOrder , TabStop true . ,
TabOrder ,
. TabStop false ,

Tab ( , , ).

SetFocus. , -
Edit2, :
Edit2->SetFocus() ;
, ,
- ,
. , , Enter . ,
OnKeyDown (. . 5.3.2). ,
Editl Edit2,
OnKeyDown Editl :
304
'
void
fastcall TForml::EditlKeyDown(TObject *Sender,

WORD SKey, TShiftState Shift)
{
if (Key == VK_RETURN) Edit2->SetFocus();
}
, ,
, Enter. Enter, Edit2 SetFocus.
, (,
, ). , . FindNextControl, ,
. , , , . :
TWinControl*
f a s t c a l l FindNextControl(
TWinControl* CurControl,
bool GoForward, bool CheckTabStop,
bool CheckParent);
CurControl
.
GoForward . true,
, CurControl.
GoForward false, .
CheckTabStop CheckParent .
CheckTabStop true, ,
TabStop true. CheckTabStop false
TabStop . CheckParent true,
, Parent
, .. . CheckParent false, , .
, Enter, OnKeyDown , :
if
(Key == VK_RETURN)FindNextControl(
(TWinControl *)Sender, t r u e ,
true,
false)->SetFocus();
.
OnClick:
FindNextControl(
(TWinControl *)Sender, true, true, false)->SetFocus();
Sender, , . TObject. FindNextControl TWinControl,

TObject TWinControl (TWinControl *)Sender (. Sender . 1, . 1.9.6.2).
305
5.1.9 -
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, .
:
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- . , , ,
.
, .

,
.
- , F1.
,
Windows .hip, .

Hint ;
, "|\ ,
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, Hint :
|
, Hint
'|'.
,
, :
1. Hint ,
.
2. ShowHint ( ) true
true ParentShowHint ( ShowHint ) true ShowHint , .
, true false ,
.
ShowHint, true, ,
( Enabled = false).
Hint, true
ShowHint true ParentShowHint, ShowHint = true*
Hint .
, ShowHint
Application true ( ).
Application>ShowHint false, ShowHint .
Hint - -
306
GctShortHint GetLongHint, , ( ,
). ,
OnMouseMove, .
void f a s t c a l l TForml::ButtonlMouseMove(TObject *Sender,
TShiftState Shift, i n t X, int Y)
{
TControl *Send = (TControl *)Sender;
Panell->Caption = GetShortHint(Send->Hint);
Panel2->Caption = GetLongHint(Send->Hint);
)
Panell , 12
Hint , ,
OnMouseMove ButtonlMouseMove. ShowHint.
. ,
Buttonl Panell , , , . Hint | , true ShowHint,

Panell->Caption = GetLongHint(Buttonl->Hint) ;
,
Hint, ,

Panell->Caption = GetShortHint(Buttonl->Hint) ;

Panell->Caption = Buttonl->Hint;
, - , OnShowHint. - , ,
. ,
C++Builder 5, ApplicationEvents, (. . 4.6).
OnShowHint , . :
void
f a s t c a l l TForral::ApplicationEventslShowHint(
AnsiString SHintStr, bool sCanShow,
HintStr
. . CanShow. false, . , Hint Info.
, : , ,
.. , HintControl ,
, HintStr . Hintlnfo.HintStr Hint
. .
. 3.2.3 4.6
OnShowHint ,
Edit.
307
,
Hint, - ,
OnHint. ,
, Application. C++Builder 5
ApplicationEvents.
, , Hint, Hint Application. Hint
, Hint Application .
, , ,
, (. . 3.5). ,
. - .
StatusBar Win32
(. . 3.9.6). ,
SimplePanel AutoHint StatusBar true. AutoHint . . , , . , .
, AutoHint .
ApplicationEvents
OnHint
StatusBarl->Panels->Items[I]->Iext = Application->Hint;
I .
-
, .
F1
, . , .help. , [1]. ,
- , , .
, C++Builder 6, HelpContext. , [MAP], . ++ilder 6 : HelpKeyword HelpType. , . , HelpContext HelpKeyword .
HelpType = htContext HelpContext; HelpType =
htKeyword HelpKeyword.
HelpContext ,
. , , HelpContext = 0, HelpContext, ,
.
, Project | Options
Project Options ( ) Application () -
308
Help file, ..
, :
Application->HelpFile = "< >.";
HelpFile, ,
. , - .
, ,
, , . , , , .
HelpContext - , .hpj [MAP]
HelpContext
.. [1].
, . , .

Application->HelpContext(< >);
HelpContext. ,
. , , , , .
Application,
. . 4.6.
, .
, Windows.
, , , - ,
, . , true byHelp Borderleons .
. ,
BorderStyle bsDialog.
. . .
HelpContext . .
5.2
5.2.1 Align
,
, ,
,
.
309
, , ,
Panell, -
ListBoxl, 12,
StaticTextl, Memol,
(. 5.4 ). , , ,
, ,
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, , ,
. 5.4 . .
)
. 5.4

1
2
3
4
5

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4
5

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1
1
, , ,
, Align . alNone,
, .
alTop, alBottom, alLeft, alRight, , , , ,
-. ,
.
Align alClient, . .
C++Builder 6 alCustom ().
CiistomAlignlnsertBefore CustomAlignPosition (. Align . 17, . 17.1).
12
Align, alTop, . , , , . Panell Align, alLeft, ,
ListBoxl. Panell
310
, 12.
Memol Align, alClient, , ,
. Memol , Panell 12.
, . 5.5.
. 5.5

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Align : alTop
Panel2, alLeft Panell, alClient Memol. , ,
alClient Memol, Memol , .
Align : alTop
alBottom , alLeft alRight.
. , ,
. 5.6 . , Panell
(.. Align = alLeft),
13 , Panell (..
13 Align = alBottom), a Panel2
(.. 12 Align = alClient).
. Panell alLeft,
13 alBottom, alBottom 13
, Panell.
-. Panell 14, . 5.6 . Panell alLeft, a
14 alClient. 12 13
14 : alBottom 13 (
13 14, 13
) alClient 12, .
. 5.6

Align
a)
311
5.2.2
Align
. . . 5.5
, StaticTextl,
, , ListBoxl .
, , , .
Anchors
.
, :
akLeft
akRight
akBottom
Anchors , , . . . . 5.2.4.
. .. Anchors [akLeft.akTop].
Anchors
,
1
. ListBoxl
Anchors [akLeft.akTop.akBottom], , , .
,
, . Anchors
[akLeft,akTop, akRight] StaticTextl,
. , . Anchors ListBoxl StaticTextl, . 5.7.
, . ListBoxl
, .. .
,
OnResize , StaticTextl,
StaticTextl->Repaint ;
Repaint, .
, , , , , .. , , , .
312
. 5.7

Anchors
Panel2
SlalicTeKl!
Memol
Panel!
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
StaticTextl.
. .
Left , . -. , .
Width Height
. BoundsRcct, , , .
, -: ClientWidth ClientHeight.
Width Height. . , ClientHeight , Height, , ,
, .
, OnResize . . :
StaticTextl->Left - Panel2->Left +
(Panel2->ClientWidth - StaticTextl->Width)
/ 2;
StaticTextl ,
12. , ,
. - .
5.2.3

. - , . , , .
Windows .
C++Builder Additional Splitter, .
. Splitter ,
313
- , ,
, , .
Splitter ( ). Splitter . .
Splitter

.
Splitter
, , .
Splitter OnMoved,
. , , ,
: - , ..
ResizeStyle Splitter
. ,
. Splitter
rsPattern. , , , .
,
. , ,
, . , ResizeStyle = rsLine. ResizeStyle = rsUpdate
, . , , , , -
. , . . ResizeStyle = rsNone,
, .
, , .
MinSize Splitter
, .
, *
, - . ,
C++Builder, C++Builder 5, MinSize . C++Builder 5 Splitter AutoSnap. true ( ),
, C++Builder. AutoSnap true, , MinSize, .
AutoSnap true.
, , . , MinSize ,
, . ,
Constraints, .
314
5.2.4

:
- .

. , .
Constraints,
.
: MaxHeight, MaxWidth, MinHeight MinWidth
. 0, .
.
- , .
. , .. . ,
MaxHeight = 500 MaxWidth = 500, , 500x500. , , . ,
. , - .
5.2.5
,
ScaleBy. :
void
fastcall ScaleBy(int M, int D) ;
D , .
, Width Height,
. Left , .
, ParentFon = true.
.
, ,
. -
Width Height, Left, .
ParentFont = true, - ParentFont = false, (, , ,
, ).
D .
, 10% , 9, a D 10 (9/10). 1/3,.
= 133 D = 100 (133/100) = 4 D = 3 (4/3).
.
Editl->ScaleBy(11, 10) ;
' '
Editl.
( Width) 10%,
.
( Height) , -

AutoSize false. .
, ParentFont false, ..
. , AutoSize =
true ParentFont = true .
P a n e l l - > S c a l e B y (11,10) ;
, .
ParentFont = false,
ParentFont. , , . ParentFont = true,
, ParentFont = false.
,
, Left.
,
, , :
for (int i = 0; i < Panell->ControlCount;
if (Panell->Controls[i]->InheritsFrom(
classid (TWinControl)))
((TWinControl *)Panell->Controls[i])->ScaleBy(11, 10);
, ScaleBy
, TWinControl.
,
TWinControl. InheritsFrom, true, , . TWinControl,

classid.
, (
TWinControl), ScaleBy, TWinControl: (TWinControl *).
.
, , .
, , . 1, . 1.9.6.2.
5.3
, . ,
.
5.3.1
5.3.1.1
C++Builder , .
:
OnClick
.
.
OnDblClick
316
OnMouseDown
OnMouseMove
. .
.
.
OnMouseUp
. .
OnStartDrag
, .
.
OnDragOver
.
.
OnDragDrop
. .
OnEndDrag
.

.
,
.
OnEnter
OnExit

,
.
OnMouse Wheel
. C++Builder 5.
OnMouseWheelUp
. , OnMouse Wheel.
C++Builder 5.
. , OnMouse Wheel.
C++Builder 5.
OnMouse WheelDown
,
. OnCIick. ,
, .. , . . , :
, , , ,
.
,
.
Enter, , Default.
Esc, , Cancel.
317
. , Caption &
'' , Alt+
OnClick .
true Checked RadioButton.
Checked CheckBox.
Click .
OnClick ,
.
, ,
, .
.

OnEnter , .
- , .
: .
. 5.1.
5.1.

OnMouseMove

OnMouseMove

OnMouseMove

OnExit
OnEnter
OnMouseDown *
OnClick
OnMouseTJp
OnMouseMove , , . , , , .
, ,
. OnMouseDown OnMouseTJp
, ,
.
. 5.1 ,
DragMode (. . 5.4) dmManual ( ), .
318
dmAutomatic ( ),
, ,
:
OnMouseDown OnStartDrag.
OnMouseMove OnDragOver , .
OnMouseUp
OnDragDrop ,
(
), OnEndDrag , .
OnExit OnEnter ,
. OnCIick.
, , . . . 5.4.
, . 5.1, , , OnExit
OnEnter. OnMouseDown, OnCIick OnMouseUp.
. . 5.2. - OnMouseDown OnMouseUp. - , ,
, , , OnDblClick, OnMouseDown OnMouseUp , ,
.
5.2.

OnMouseDown. .
OnCIick
OnMouseUp. .

OnDblClick
OnMouseDown. .
OnMouseUp. .
5.3.1.2 , ,

, (
) Sender TObject.
, .
319
, .
.
- , - . Sender
. , TObject , Sender TObject .
, Sender,
. 1, . 1.9.6.2. , ,
Sender, , , ,
- .
Sender OnMouseDown OnMouseUp , ,
,
. OnMouseDown OnMouseUp
, , :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::EditlMouseDown(TObject *Sender,
TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift, i n t X, i n t Y)
Sender
, Button, Shift, X Y.
Button TMouseButton
. TMouseButton , :
'
enum TMouseButton
{ mbLeft,
mbRight,
mbMiddle
);
mbLeft ,
mbRight , mbMiddle . , ,
, :
if
(Button != mbLeft)
return;
, Button mbLeft, .. ,
.
Shift TShiftState , . TShiftState
, :
enum Classes
typedef
ssShift, ssAlt, ssCtrl, ssLeft, ssRight,

ssMiddle, ssDouble };
Set<Classes
1, ssShift, ssDouble> TShiftState;
Shift (ssShift), Alt

(ssAlt), Ctrl (ssCtrl), : (ssLeft), (ssRight),
(ssMiddle). Button Shift . Button , , Shift , ,
, . ,
, , , , Shift [ssLeft], [ssLeft, ssRight].
- , Shift.
Shift ,
Contains (. . 14.6 . 14). ,
,
Alt, :
if ((Button == mbLeft) &S, (Shift .Contains (ssAlt) ))
320
if (Button == mbLeft) , Shift:

if
(Shift.Contains(ssLeft)
&&
(Shift.Contains(ssAlt)))
Button Shift
OnMouseUp. , Button , . Shift
OnMouseMove, , .
, ,
X Y. .
, .
OnMouseWheel, OnMouseWheelUp OnMouseWheelDown, C+4-Builder 5. , . OnMouseWheel :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::FormMouseWheel(TObject *Sender,
TShiftState Shift, i n t WheelDelta,
TPoint bMousePos, bool SHandled)
Sender Shift .
WheelDelta , .
. sePos TPoint (. . 17.4) . Handled , .
OnMouseWheel
Handled = false, , ,
OnMouseWheelUp OnMouseWheelDown.
:
void
f a s t c a l l TForml:: E'ormMouseWheelDown (TObject ^Sender,
TShiftState Shift, TPoint &MousePos, bool ^Handled)
OnMouseWheel WheelDelta.
,
.. . Memo,
RichEdit, IistBox, TrackBar . , , (, , ).
. , , , . ,
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::FormMouseWheelUp(TObject *Sender,
TShiftState Shift, TPoint SMousePos, bool ^Handled)
(
ScaleBy(101,100);
>
void
fastcall1 TForml::FormMouseWheelDown(TObject *Sender,

TShiftState Shift, TPoint SMousePos, bool SHandled)
(
ScaleBy(100,101);
}
321
5.3.2
5.3.2.1
C++Builder ,
. :
OnKeyDown
.
, , ,
. ,
OnKeyPress
. , ,
,
.
OnKeyUp
.
, ,
, .
, , . 5.3.1.1 OnEnter OnExit.

,
. , ,
Shift ( ),
''.
. 5.3. , . , ,
OnKeyPress. , OnKeyDown '' , Shift, , ,
.
CapsLock, Shift . , CapsLock, OnKeyDown .
5.3.
Shift-

Shift

11 C-H-Builder 6
OnKeyDown.
Shift.
OnKeyDown.
Shift, ,

.
OnKeyPress.
, Shift.
322

OnKeyUp. Shift, ,

.
Shift
OnKeyUp.
Shift.
, OnKeyPress , Shift.
- , OnKeyPress ( OnKeyDown OnKeyUp ) , , . , Alt
OnKeyPress . ! OnKeyPress ,
.
, . KeyPreview. ,
(
, ..). KeyPreview
false , . KeyPreview
true, ,
, .
OnShortCut (Application), . , OnKeyDown . ,
, C++Builder 5
AppIicationEvents. - . Windows Msg, CharCode (Msg.CharCode) . Handled.
true, OnKeyDown, OnKeyPress,
OnKeyUp . . 4.6 OnShortCut.
5.3.2.2
OnKeyDown , , :
void
fastcall
TForml::EditlKeyDown(TObject Sender,
WORD sKey, TShiftState Shift)
Sender, ,
(. . 5.3.1.2). Shift, ,
. OnKeyDown
Shift ssShift (
Shift), ssAlt ( Alt) ssCtrl ( Ctrl). .
, Key.
, , .. . , , , .
323
Key .
- API Windows. . 16,
. ,16.1.1. , . 5.4 , .
5.4.

F1
112
0x70
VK_F1
Enter
13
OxOD
VK_RETURN
Shift
16
0x10
VK_SHIFT
Ctrl
17
0x11
VK_CONTROL
Alt
18
0x12
VK_MENU
Esc
27
OxlB
VK ESCAPE
0)
48
0x30
1 !
49
0x31
n N
78
0x4E
YH H
89
0x59
Key , , .
, "Y"
"". , , "" "", . .
, Key , . 5.4. , Enter :
if(Key = = 1 3 )
...
Key , . 5.4. ,
:
,
i f ( K e y == OxOD)
. . . ;
, , , ,
. ,
:
i f ( K e y == VK_RETURN)
...
, ,
. ,
, Key. , ,
, "Y", :
i f ( K e y 'Y-' ) . . . ;
324

. '' , '' '', .
, ,
: "Y", "", "" " " . , . , - , Y () N (), ,
. ,
"Y". , , "Y" "" , (Yes ), ().

Enter. , OnKeyDown :
if (Key -== VK_RETURN)
FindNextControl((TWinControl *)Sender, t r u e , t r u e ,
false)~>SetFocus();
FindNextControl
.
FindNextControl . 5.1.8.
.
, , Alt-X.
:
i f ( ( K e y ==
'X')
&&
Shift.Contains(ssAlt) )
...
OnKeyDown.
OnKeyUp ,
.
OnKeyPress. :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::EditlKeyPress(TObject *Sender, char SKey)
, , Key, . , , , a char . , ,
, , , , .
.
, , , "" "" (), "" "" (). OnKeyPress :
if
((Key
==
'')
I!
(Key
= = ' ' ) ) . .
, . switch (. .
13.8.1.2, . 13):
switch (Key)
{
case ' ' :

1
case ' :
break;
325
case ' ' :

case ' ' : . . . ;
break;
default: Beep () ;
,
.
, ,
Key .
Key, ,
. , , Bditl, .
,
, , :
Set <char,
'',
''> Dig;
D i g ' 0 ' << ' I 1 ' 2 ' ' 3 '
' 6 ' ' 7 ' << ' 8 ' << ' 9 ' ;
if ( ! D i g . C o n t a i n s ( K e y ) )
{ K e y = 0; B e e p () ,}
'4'
<<
' 5 '
, , , , .

.
5.4
5.4.1
Drag&Drop

(Drag&Drop), , Windows. , ,
, , .. , C++Builder.
, , , TControl, C++BuiLder. .
DragMode,
dmManual dmAutomatic. dmAutomatic ()
. , OnMouseDown,
,
. dmManual () ,
. BeginDrag. ,
OnMouseDown, . - ( ,
) BeginDrag.
326
'
, , , Alt ListBoxl. DragMode dmManual,

OnMouseDown :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::ListBoxlMouseDown(TObject Sender,
if ((Button == mbLeft) SS Shift .Contains (ssAlt) )"

ListBoxl->BeginDrag(false,5);
)
Button OnMouseDown ,
, Shift ,

(. . 5.3.1.2). ,
Alt. ,
BeginDrag .
BeginDrag
false 5. , ,
,
, 5. . BeginDrag true , .
, .
,
, crNoDrop: @.
, ,
, DragCursor.
crDrag, ^ .
, DragCursor , , .
, ,
.
OnDragOver, , . , , ,
false Accept.
true, . ListBoxl , , :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::ListBoxlDragOver(TObject *Sender,
TObject *Source, i n t X, i n t Y, TDragState State, bool sAccept)
(
if (Sender != Source)
Accept - Source->ClassNameIs("TListBox");
else Accept = false;
)
, (Sender) (Source) . , .
, else
Accept false, . , Accept true, -
( TListBox), false, -
327
. . ListBoxl ,
.
Accept, OnDragOver, , . OnDragOver, ,
.

OnDragDrtfp . , . Source
(-) X Y .
, OnDragDrop :
void
fastcall
TForml::ListBoxlDragDrop(TObject *Sender,
TObject *Source, i n t X, i n t Y)
TListBox *S = (TListBox *-) Source;

((TListBox*)Sender)->Items->Add(S->Items->Strings[S->ItemIndex]) ;
)
S
TListBox, Source,
TListBox. , Source TListBox. A
. Source TObject. Items Itemlndex. TListBox. ,
,
Source. . 1.9.6.2, . 1.
Add - S - Sender. Drag&Drop.
S.
:
void
fastcall
TForml::ListBoxlDragDrop(TObject *Sender,
(
((TListBox*)Sender)->Items->Add(((TListBox *)Source)->
Items->Strings[((TListBox *)Source)->ltemlndex]);
)
EndDrag, -
. OnStartDrag, - . ,
.
, ,
, ,
ListBox .
:
, , OnDragOver OnDragOver.
328

OnDragDrop.
!
.
- , , Alt, :
DragMode, dmManual. MouseDown.
, , . . 5.8
, .
, .
,
Memo.
: , , , - (.. ) (). ,
, .
. 5.8
,
Drag&Drop
JSJJSlL
1 1 1
4 2
^ liHIT
Label 1 Memol
1 ?
2 2
2 1
3 1
4 1
dmM unuaL Aft

BeghDra^lalse]
BeginDrafl(true)
1 3
2 3
3 4
4 4
1 4
2 4
3 3
4 3
5.4.2 Drag&Doc.

C++Builder 4 Drag&Doc.
, C++BuiLder. .
, ,
.. , .
329
DockSite,
false, true, :
, .
UseDockManager. true ( ),
, ,
. UseDockManager false, .
DragKind dkDock. , , , , , Drag&Drop,
DragMode dmAutomatic. DragMode
dmManual , Drag&Doc
, Drag&Drop.
, . , Drag&Doc, .
. 6 ,
, . 5.9 ). Panell
DockSite true. .
PaneI2 DragKind dkDock DragMode dmAutomatic. . 12 .
(. 5.9 ), Panell , , ,
.
,
, . ,
,
- ( 15 16 . 5.9 ), , , ,
, .
,
.
. 5.9
Drag&Doc: ()
()
2SSism H J g : 181"
a
Panel2
Pand5
JaPsB---- - - 1.
pinel3
PaneU !
330
. DockSite true . . -
- , , ..
, . ,
.
, , -
.
DockClients,
TControl* DockClientstint Index]
, . DockCIientCount . DockClients DockCIientCount .

, . , DockSite = true.
OnGetSitelnfo, .
:
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::PanellGetSitelnfo(TObject *Sender,
TControl *DockClient, TRect slnfluenceRect,
TPoint SMousePos, bool scanDock)
DockClient , InfluenceRect ,
, MousePos CanDock
. CanDock = false, , . ,
OnGetSitelnfo Panell :
CanDock = DockClient != Panel6;
Panell , .
OnDockOver, , - -, ,
, .
OnDragOver Drag&Drop. :
void
fastcall
TForml::PanellDockOver(TObject *Sender,
TDragDockObject 'Source, i n t X, i n t Y,
TDragState State, bool SAccept)
, , ,
, , Source. ,
Accept = false.
, Panell , , :
Accept = Source->Control != Panel6;
Accept true , . ,
OnGetSitelnfo.
. Source TDragDockObject DockRect TRect, . .
, , Micro-

soft Office,
, ,
( Panell) DockSite
true, OnDockOver :
i n t = ClientOrigin.x;
i n t = ClientOrigin.;
if (Source->Control == Panel5)
(
if (Source->DockRect.Left <= x)
Source->DockRect = Rect(x,y,x+25,y+ClientHeight);
e l s e if (Source->DockRect.Right >= x+clientwidth)
Source->DockRect = Rect (x+ClientWidth-25,
y,x+ClientWidth,y+ClientHeight) ;
e l s e if (Source->DockRect.Top <= y)
Source->DockRect - Rect(x,y,x+ClientWidth,y+25);
e l s e if (Source->DockRect.Bottom >= y+ClientHeight)
Source->DockRect = Rect{x,y+ClientHeight-25,
x+ClientWidth,y+ClientHeight);
else Source->DockRect = Rect(Source->DockRect.Left,
Source->DockRect.Top,
Source->DockRect.Left+100,
Source->DockRect.Top+100);
)
X Y,
, . A ClientWidth ClientHeight .
15
,
, 25.
100.
, , ,
Panell, UseDockManager false.
, , OnDockOver, , . -
1, .
, OnGetSitelnfo
Panell->UseDockManager - DockClient != Panel5;
UseDockManager true , 15.
, - OnDockDrop.
. OnDragDrop Drag&Drop.
:
void
~
f a s t c a l l TForml::FormDragDrop(TObject ^Sender,
TObject *Source, int X,
i n t Y)
Source
, , X Y. ,
- , .
, - ,
OnUnDock.
:
void
fastcall TForral::FormUnDock(TObject ^Sender,

TControl "client, TWinControl *NewTarget, bool SAllow)
332
Client ,
, NewTarget ,
, Allow , , . ,
OnUnDock Panell :
Allow = Client != Panel2;
, , , 12, Panell,
, .
,
Drag&Doc, - , . , .
, ,
.
.
( Name) Fmain.
MainMenu
, .
, Caption Align = alTop.
PageControl Align = alClient,
, , (. 5.10 ). DockSite true. .
. 5.10

,
Drag&Doc
, File New Form.

FDoc ( Name). Visible true.
DragKind dkDock, DragMode dmAutomatic. TPageControl
Fmain.
FDoc Memo, Align = alClient,
(. 5.10 ). ( Lines).
Project | Options FDoc Auto-create forms Available forms, -
333
, ( , . . 5.5.1, . 5.13).
, Umain,
UDoc.
. , .
Umain File | Include Unit Hdr
UDoc.h,
UDoc.
LDoc TList.
,
.
TList * LDoc;
OnCreate Fmain
LDoc = new T L i s t () ;
LDoc.
OnDestroy Fmain
delete Ldoc;
.
.
:
TFDoc * New - new T F D o c ( t h i s ) ;
LDoc->Add(New);
New->Caption = " " + IntToStr(LDoc->Count) ;
New TFDoc,
FDoc.
FDoc New. LDoc.
FDoc, ...,
, LDoc.
. (. 5.11). ,
. , .
, , .
. 5.11
,
Drag&Doc,
1 | 2 | ^ 3 |
1
334
,
, , . , , ,
..
LDoc, . , . 3.10.2. , Drag&Drop, . , ,
.
,
.
Floating ( ),
, ,
-.

, :
UndockHeight
, ,
.
UndockWidth
, ,
.
TBDockHeight
,
.
LRDockWidth
,
.
. ,

UndockHeight UndockWidth.
ManualFIoat,
. :
bool
f a s t c a l l ManualFIoat(const Windows::TRect
&ScreenPos);
ScreenPos .
, (. 5.9)
, , , PaneI3. :
TRect TempRect;
TPoint P;
- Panel3->ClientToScreen(Point (0, 0));
TempRect.Left = P.x;
TempRect.Top - P.y;
P - Panel3->ClientToScreen(Point(Panel3->Undockwidth,
Panel3->UndockHeight));
TempRect.Right = P.x;
TempRect.Bottom = P.y;
Panel3->ManualFloat(TempRect) ;
335
TempReet, ,
. 13,
, .
. ClientToScreen . ManualFloat .
, ManualDock,
. :
bool.
fastcall
ManualDock(TWinControl* NewDockSite,
TControl* DropControl, TAlign ControlSide);
NewDockSite ,
. DropControl
NewDockSite, . , nil. ControlSide . ,
. , , , ControlSide = alLeft ,
.
, :
Panel4->ManualDock(Panell,NOLL,alLeft) ;
12 Panell,
, - .
, , , : ManualDock , -
.
12 , , ManualFloat.
ManualFloat OnCreate.
, ManualFloat
ManualDock. , , ,
, ,
.
DockSite = true, DragKind
dkDock DragMode dmAutomatic; OnCreate
ManualFloat ManualDock, ManualDock . , . - , .
.
5.4.3
Windows - .
- ( Left )
.
C++Builder. , - , - (, ) ..
336
,
. 5.12. . Image, - ( Image . . 6.1.1).
, . 5.12, ,
, , OnCreate :
TImage * Pict = new TImage(Forml);
Pict->AutoSize = t r u e ;
/*
...
*/
Pict->Picture->LoadFromFile("...");
Imagel->Canvas->CopyRect(Imagel->ClientRect, Pict->Canvas,
Rect(0,O,Pict->Width / 2,Pict->Height / 2 ) ) ;
Image2->Canvas->CopyRect(Image2->ClientRect, Pict->Canvas,
Rect(Pict->Width / 2,0,Pict->width,Pict->Height / 2 ) ) ;
Image3->Canvas->CopyRect(Image3->ClientRect, Pict->Canvas,
Rect(0,Pict->Height / 2,Pict->Width / 2 , P i c t - > H e i g h t ) ) ;
Image4->Canvas->CopyRect(Image4->ClientRect, Pict->Canvas, '
Rect(Pict->Width / 2,Pict->Height / 2,
Pict->Width,Pict->Height ) ) ;
delete Pict;
. . 5. Image AutoSize true.

. 5.12
,
.
.
Image, , .
, - :
i n t , 0;
bool move = f a l s e ;
move .
true false .
move . Y0 .

. Image. OnMouseDown, :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::ImagelMouseDown(TObject *Sender,
337
i f ( B u t t o n != mbLeft) r e t u r n ;
XO = X;
0 = ;
move = t r u e ;
((TControl * ) S e n d e r ) - > B r i n g T o F r o n t ( ) ;
)
,
( Button mbLeft, ). Y0 X Y
. move true.
BringToFront , ((TControl *)Sender), .
.
, , .
OnMouseMove, :
void
{
if
{
f a s t c a l l TForml::ImagelMouseMove(TObject Sender,
TShiftState Shift, int X, int Y)
(move)
TImage * Im = (TImage *)Sender;

Im->SetBounds(Im->Left + X - XO,
Im->Top + Y - YO, Im->Width, Im~>Height);
SetBounds
(X X Y Y0 Y). , .. .
Width Height .
Left :
Im->Left += X -;
Im->Top += Y - Y0;
,
: , .
.
, , OnMonseUp.
:
move = false;
. OnMouseMove , ,
.
.
,
. ,
, (
. 5.12 ). , , .
338
, . 6, .
6.1.3. :
TRect r e c ;
move, X0
Y0. , .
, , OnMouseDown, :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::Image2MouseDown(TObject *Sender,
TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift, i n t X, i n t )
(
i f ( B u t t o n != mbLeft) r e t u r n ;
XO - X;
YO = Y;
rec = ((TControl *)Sender)->BoundsRect;
move = true;
)

rec = ((TControl *)Sender)->BoundsRect;
. BringToFront,
, .
OnMouseMove, :
void
fastcall
TForml::Image2MouseMove(TObject Sender,
TShiftState S h i f t , i n t X, i n t Y)
(
i f ( i move) return,Canvas->DrawFocusRect(rec);
r e c . l e f t += X - XO;
r e c . r i g h t += x - XO;
rec .top' += Y - YO;
rec.bottom += Y - YO;
XO - X;
YO = Y;
Canvas->DrawFocusRect(rec);
}
DrawFocusRect.
,
()
(. . 6, . 6.1.5). , ,
DrawFocusRect . .
, OnMouseUp
:
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::Image4MouseUp(TObject *Sender,
TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift, i n t X,
i n t Y)
f
Canvas->DrawFocusRect(rec);
((TControl *)Sender)->SetBounds(
rec.Left + X - XO, rec.Top + Y - YO,
( (TControl *)Sender)->Width,
((TControl *)Sender)->Height);
339
((TControl *)Sender)->BringToFront();
move - f a l s e ;
}
, . BringToFront
. ,
.
, .
OnMouseUp - (, Alt).
:
Canvas->DrawFocusRect();
if(!
Shift.Contains(ssAlt))
(
((TControl *)Sender)->SetBounds(
rec.Left + X - XO, .rec.Top + - YO,
((TControl )Sender)->width,
((TControl f)Sender)->Height) ;
((TControl *)Sender)->BringToFront() ;
i
move = f a l s e ;
, Alt, . , - : , . ,
. , - , . .
Drag&Doek ManualFloat ManualDock, . 5.4.2. , DockSite true ( Image) DragKind dkDock
DragMode dmAutomatic. .
, . , , ManualFloat ManualDock,
ManualDock . OnCreate, , :
Image3->ManualFloat(Rect(Forml->Left+Image3->Left,
Forml->Top+Image3->Top,
Forml->Left+Image3->Left+Image3->Width,
Forml->Top+Image3->Top+Image3->Height));
Image3->ManualDock(Forml,NOLL,alLeft) ;
Image3
.
. .
,
.
(. 5.12 ).
. ,
OnEndDock
340
( (TControl *)Sender)->BringToFront();
.
, , . ,
. OnMouseMove , , :
c o n s t infe SC_DRAGMOVE = 0xF012;
ReleaseCapture();
((TControl *)Sender)->Perform(WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_DRAGMOVE, ' 0 ) ;
Perform Sender Windows, .

, , , . , .
,
, , ,
Windows. , .
5.5
5.5.1
, .
, , .
- . File | New Form
, . 2.4.

. . -,
.
-, . -, , ,
, ,
( ).
, ( ,
), . , .
.
(, ), .
. MDI , , .

, , , Project | Options
. (Project Options) Forms, . 5.13.

. 5.13
Forms
341
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Vmmnlria
1 u | CORBA j CotfeEyerf
Appkation j Compte \ Advanwd Complet, j C*+
, Mam form
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IF
uto-er e formsForml
AboutBoK
i
*1
K1
.,.._,]
Form2
J
1
id
r Default
j QIC ]
Cance1
Help
Main forms . ,
, . ,
Form2 ,
(Auto-create forms) , , (Available forms).
C++Builder
CreateForm. , View | Project Source . , . 5.13,
:
Application->Initialize() ;
Application->CreateForm( classid(TForral) , &Forml);
classid(TAboutBox), &AboutBox);
Application->Run();
, , .
, ,
CreateForm , . ,
Forml Form2, :
Form2 , Visible true,

. , , Forml
Form2. Unit2.h, Forml
include "Unit2.h"
, File | Include Unit

Hdr . .
342
:
OnCreate
OnShow

()
OnActivate
OnEnter
, -

OnResize
OnPaint
OnCreate. - , ..
. .
Show ShowModal. . ,

, . . 5.6.2.
Show ShowModal
. , , , , Visible .
Show ShowModal onShow.
, . onShow -
. onCreate , onCreate ,
onShow , .
- , .
Hide . onffide.
, CreateForm, Show,
ShowModal, Hide , , #include. ,
Unitl Unit2, Unit!
#lnclude "Unit2.h".
Unit2 - , Unitl,
Unit2 #include "Unitl.h".
Close. , . , . , , , -, -
343
, . ,
,
, ,
.
, Close.
onCloseQuery.
CanClose, , . CanClose true, . , , CanClose false. ,
.
, RichEditl, Modified ,
.
onCloseQuery :
void
if
f a s t c a l l TForml::FormCloseQuery(TObject ' S e n d e r , bool &CanClose)

(RichEditl->Modified)
i n t r e s = Application->MessageBox(
" . \n\n"
" ?\\"
"( - )",
" ",
MB_YESNOCANCEL + MB_ICONQOESTION);
switch (res)
{
case IDYES:
MSaveClick(Sender) ;
break;
c a s e IDCANCEL: CanClose = f a l s e ;
Application>MessageBox
(. . 16, . 16.7.2.3) ,
. 6.14. ,
MSaveClick.
, switch .
CanClose true .
Esc, CanClose false .
:
, ..
. 5.14

,
?
( - pdjui )
""' *" I
344
onCloseQuery true CanClose,

OnClose. Action, :
caNone
He . .
caHide
( , MDI)
.
, .
, .
caMinimize

. ,
.
caFree

. ,
, . ,
CreateForm.
Action . ,
MDI caNone caMinimize.
OnClose Action, caFree,
OnDestroy.
, .
C++Bullder 4 OldCreateOrder,
OnCreate OnDestroy. false ( ), OnCreate , , , OnDestroy
, - . OldCreateOrder =
true, C++Builder 3 , OnCreate TCustomForm, a
OnDestroy TCustomForm.
5.5.2
.

, .
, . , .
, ShowModal. Show,
.
ModalResult. . ShowModal ModalResult .
- ModalResult
, .
345
ModalResult , ShowModal. , , ,
, , , , .
C++Builder ,
, :

ModalResult
mrNone
mrOk
idOK
CanmrCancel
idCancel cel, Close,
mrAbort
idAbort
Abort
mrRetry
idRetry
Retry
mrlgnore
Ignore
idlgnore
mrYes
idYes
Yes
mrNo
idNo
No
mrAll
mrNoToAll
No

10
mrYesToAll
Yes

ModalResult ( 0 2)
.
ModalResult .
ModalResult .
. ,
TButton TBitBtn ModalResult, mrNone.
, ,
-
. BitBtn Kind, bkCustom, ModalResult,
.
.
346
5.5.3

-,
. , . , , .
. ,
- - .
- .
- , , , . , .
- . .
1. C+4-Builder .
(
-
).
FMain.
2. (File | New | Form).
-. FLog. Be BorderStyle bsNone (. . 5.1.3),
. - ( Image Picture ),
.. Label
- . - , ,
. Position ScreenCenter, .
3.
, . , ( , , , Esc ,
, ).
, KeyDown ,
Close(). onMouseDown.
. , Image ., ,
onMouseDown ,
, KeyPreview true, .

. , - , , 5 .
4.
Timer System.
, (. . 3.7.8).
Interval .
"5000. onTimer,
. Close().
347
-
. ? . - ,
.
.
, - . .
5.
OnClose :
Action - caFree;
, .
- . , Visible false. ,
ShowModal. Visible
false.
ShowModal.
,
-.
6. , UMain, - UFLog. UMain #include "UFLog.h" UMain File
Include Unit Hdr UFLog.
,
. ,
(Unitl Unit2), (
),
.
UMain OnShow.
7. UMain OnShow,
:
FLog->ShowModal();
OnShow , . . FLog , UMain , .

.
, , .
.
, , - ,
.
, , .
. ,
, -,
. , .
.
8.
. FPSW UPSW. -
348
9.
5
, . BorderStyle bsDialog, Position
poScreenCenter. Caption Enter . .
Edit,
. Text. PasswordChar " * " . OnKeyDown :
if
( K e y = = VK_RETURN)
Close ();
(
. 5.3.2.2). Enter, , , .
OnClose. , ,
Enter, , , . , ,
. , , . : . ( ) .
10. OnClose FPSW
if
(Editl->Text "1") ModalResult = 6;
. ' 1 ' .
, ModalResult
6 ( , 0 2).
, ModalResult = 2 (mrCancel),
.
,
ModalResult .
ModalResult 6, 2.
. UMain , . .
11. UMain, , , UPSW, OnShow FLog>ShowModal() :
if
(FPSW->ShowModal() != 6)
{
ShowMessage(" "};
Close () ;
)
else
{
ShowMessage (" ' " + FPSW->EPSW->Text + " " ' ) ;
d e l e t e FPSW;
}
ModalResult . FPSW>ShowModal().
6, . ,
, Close.
. ShowMessage
, ,
349
, .
. delete (. . 13, . 13.9). , . , . , .
. ,
, .
. ,
ModalKesult, ShowModal.
. OnClose FPSW :
if (Editl->Text != "1"} Application->Terminate();
Application>Terminate(). FPSW, ShowModal, .

:
FPSW->ShowModal() ;
r
ShowMessage(" " + FPSW->EPSW->Text+" ' ") ;
d e l e t e FPSW;
, .
,
5.5.4
( MDI)
MDI Word.
MDI () (
). | .
, . .
, , , , . .
.
, .
, MDI, . 5.1.2.
MDI
. FormStyle
fsMDIForm, fsMDIChild. , ( . 5.5.1 , ).
350
,, ,
. :
__ * =
new __ (Application) ;
if (! J r e t u r n ;
,
*
new
.
- . , - ( Caption ), . , .
, , UMain , | , UDoc FDoc, TFDoc (
,
, ,
C++Builder ,
).
, UDoc (. . 5.5.1
5.5.3). ,
| , :
TFDoc *TF = new TFDoc(Application) ;
if ( ! TF) r e t u r n ;
TF->Show() ;
, . .
MDIChildCount .
,
TF:
TF->Caption = " " + IntToStr(MDIChildCount);
MDIChildren[int i] i- (
, 0).
.
. , Forml () , :
for (int i = MDIChildCount-1; i >= 0; i)
MDIChildren[i]->Close();
. , . , . Cascade (
) . Tile . TileMode. tbVertical,
, TileMode tbHorizontal,
. Arrangelcons .
351
. , . , ,
. ,
. AutoMerge TMainMenu MDI :
. ,
,
Grouplndex , AutoMerge true
(. . 3, . 3.8.1).
5.5.5

MDI. , , -
(. 5.15).
MDI, . 5.15.
~~~-.~.-.
, ... ...,
. ,
.
-.-
- .
~--
,
(. 5.15 ). , C++Builder .

, (.
. 5.15 ). . 3, . 3.8.1 .
RichEdit, , . .
.
1. C++Builder .
2. FDoc.
3. RichEditl TRichEdit. Align
alClient,
. , RichEditl ( Lines).
4. TOpenDialog TSaveDialog
(. . 3.10.2). DefaultExt rtf, a
Filter "*.rtf;*.txt"
"*.*".
352
. 5.15
MDI:

(),
(),
()
->..
'
3
|)|. ',
*

i
*>
3
5.
6.
MainMenu.
( Name MFile) (Name =
) (Name = MSave).
.
:
if
(OpenDialogl->Execute)
RichEditl->Clear{) ;
RichEditl->Lines->LoadFromFile(OpenDialogl->FileName) ;'
MSave :
if
(SaveDialogl->Execute)
, UDoc.
( ) .
.
.
8.
FormStyle fsMDIChild.
9. (File New | Form). FMDI.
UMDI (File | Save As).
10. FormStyle fsMDIForm.
WindowState wsMaximized,
. (
File | Include Unit Hdr) #include, TJMDI.h TJMDI. .
7.
353
11. Project Options Forms

FDoc
. , , UMDI , .
12. TJMDI MainMenu. ( Name = MWind) (Name = MNew),
(Name = MCascade), (Name = ), (Name = MVert), (Name = MIcons). WindowMenu MWind.
, .
-^
, GroupIndex, , .
,
. ,
. , Grouplndex 0.
,
,
Grouplndex, , 0, .
13. Grouplndex 1.
14. OnCIick (MNew).
, :
void
{
f a s t c a l l TFMDI: .-MNewClick (TObject Sender)
TFDoc* TF = new TFDoc(Application);

if (!TF) return;
TF->Caption = " " + IntToStr(MDIChildCount);

TF->Show();
)
15. OnCIick
. :
Cascade () ;
:
TileMode = tbHorizontal;
Tile () ;
:
TileMode = tbvertical;
Tile {) ;
:
Arrangelcons
();
Ha . (. . 5.15). , , . , ,
Grouplndex FormStyle fsNormal.
, MDI.
12 C++Builder
354
5.6
C++Builder .
.
. 11, . 11.2.
5.6.1 Print
C++Builder Print,
. . , ,
: .
Form2,
Form2->Print();
PrintScale
. PrintScale:
poNone
. .
poProportional

, .
poPrintToFit
,
, .
.
5.6.2 ,
C++Builder , . , RichEdit Print, , .
, , Windows . ,
RichEditl->Print("Printing
of
RichEditl");
RichEditl, Printing of RichEditl.

.
.
RichEdit, .
RichEdit RTF.
. :
RichEditl->Lines->LoadFromFile("Test.txt");
RichEditl->Print(" Test.txt");
RichEditl->Lines->L'oadFromFile ("Test, rtf") ;

RichEditl->Print(" T e s t . r t f " ) ;
Chart, (.
. 3.6.4), Print, .
PrintPortrait, ()
355
, PrintLandscape, () . , PrintRect,
procedure PrintRect (Const R : TRect);
R , .
Chartfx (. . 3.6.5) ( . 3.29), .
5.6.3 Windows
ShellExecute

Windows
ShellExecute. . .
7.2.5. - .
ShellExecute,
include "ShellApi.h"
ShellApi.h, ShellExecnte Windows API. ShellExecute
Windows, , , . , Windows , .txt Notepad,
.doc Word.
ShellExecute(Handle, " p r i n t " , "Test.txt",NULL,NULL,SW_HIDE);
test.txt Notepad,
ShellExecute (Handle, " p r i n t " , "Test.doc",NULL,NULL,SW_HIDE) , test.doc Word.
, , SaveToFile, .
Windows Word Excel. C++Builder ( 5) ,
Windows, .
. 7, . 7.9.
5.6.4 Printer
C++Builder TPrinter, , ,
Canvas. . 6.1.3
. ,
.
TPrinter Printers.

#include <Printers.hpp>
TPrinter.
356
,
Canvas
Canvas , . Canvas ,
() Brush (), . . 6.1.3.
TextOut
, .
Draw
, .
BeginDoc
EndDoc
. EndDoc.
PageHeight
PageWidth
NewPage
PageNumber
, , . Imagel. :
TPrinter *Prntr - Printer ();
Prntr->Canvas->Font->Size = 12;
Prntr->BeginDoc ();
Prntr->Canvas->TextOut (10,10," P r i n t e r " ) ;
Prntr->Canvas->Draw(
(Prntr->PageWidth - Imagel->Picture->Bitmap->Width)/2,
40, Imagel->Picture->Bitmap);
Prntr->EndDoc() ;
Printer,
TPrinter.
Prntr.
.
BeginDoc .
TextOut, (10,
10), Printer. Draw
.
. 40.
EndDoc .
Printer
. Printer .
QuickReport, . 11.2.
357
5.7
5.7.1

, . , , Windows ,
. C++Builder 5 .
, , . ,
. .dfm
.res , . , , ,
resburcestring.

. , .
, , ListBox, , MainMenu. StatusBar AutoHint true. ShowHint
true.
Hint .
- ( Caption),
, . - ListBox,
. Hint. true
ShowHint . - . , . 5.16.
5.16

()
()
-JH.23
Selected line i
'this it a ttitngi liit
- ,
OnClick :
if (ListBoxl->IteraIndex >= 0)
Label2->Caption = " '" +
ListBoxl->Items->Strings[ListBoxl->ItemIndex] + " ' " ;
else Label2->Caption - " ";
Label2 , List Box 1.
. , , . , , - . , -
(
OnClick).
358
. , . , , . , , . Windows, ,
.
C++Builder 5 .dfm, ., . ,
, , . . ,
, .
.
ListBox, , - .
LislBox2, Visible = false
( Items) ' .
,
, :
define SSel L i s t B o x 2 - > I t e m s - > S t r i n g s [ 0 ]
define SNoSel L i s t B o x 2 - > I t e m s - > S t r i n g s [ 1 ]
OnClick :
if(ListBoxl->ItemIndex >= 0)
Label2->Caption = SSel +
ListBoxl->Items->Strings[ListBoxl->ItemIndex] + " ' " ;
else Label2->Caption = SNoSel;
. ,
, .. .dfm.
, , .
, , , . . , , , Pascal,
resourcestring .res.
.
, Project | Build All . ,
.
, Project | Build All. .
.
, File | New | Other New Resource DLL wizard DLL . (
).
, , , , , Next . , -
359
- . , . 5.17.
, . ,
. - , , . . , . , .. . , .
. 5.17

Select one of more languages for which to made resource DLLs, Toediian
extension, amply dick on it
.FATestsMnlomahPiojecti.bpF
Language
Locate ID
() fttOOOOl DOS
(&. 0x00002409
| 3
0x00001409
0x00000409
()
|)
( ,.
( .
(]
0x00003409
0x00001 COS
0x00002009
Extension . j$
ENC
I
ENB
ENU
ENT
ENP
ENS
ENJ
Zt
, , . 5.18.
Add File - , , . C++Builder .dfm ,. - : , , , .ini (. . 5.7.2), .
,
ListBox - , . .,
, , . . 5.18. , .
C++Builder .
.
. 5.18
You can add mtsceLlaneous lues lojrcur proiect. These aie Files that the IDE does
not know about, but you need to do youi translations I e.lni. Source code, binary
or other DFMs and BCs files that the IDE does not know about.
Project
FATestj\lrtemarojecl1.bpt
Fie
F VTestsMnternatSPrcjecti.fes
jf'"TSd"file""'.']|
: Tjipe
<unKnown>
Bemove File
360
.res,
, resourcestring, . 5.18
.
Add File, All files (*.*)
, , , .res.
DLL
Finish, , .,
,
, . ..
, . (. 5.19), .
. Environment
, .
. , C++Builder 6
: C++Builder,
External Translation Manager (ETM), C++Builder.
, . C++Builder ,
, .
Files , .
.
Notepad () , , .
. 5.19

Etvtrwsrrent | Fies Wort

I *Q ** "Q -
1*(
, glFor
D
D
Resource Scripis
) PlqeclLDR
d
- \^ Resource Scripts
*] Proiicfl.DR
jSWuT.,. ^^..^.^"() [-f*]

f Untiamfaled
| Untranslated WSSansSenl
3 Translated Choice
flrarHatsd lntemationalizetti
iTranslatad %Edit
I Tramlated
f Translated ListlThisi
| Translated imeV
I Trandated Ime 2'
iTranstatsd ims'J
- Translated UFile1
I
ml Formi Caption JF \. 4itiernat\ENU\linit1 dfr
Workspace (. . 5.19).
. (Forms) (Resource Script) . , , Unit!. (.
. 5.19) , .
Id ( . 5.19 )
.
, , , .
. , , , -
361
(. . 5.19) . . 5.19 ,
,
.
,
.., . ,
.
, .
, . 5.19.

Projectl_DRC, , resourcestring,
' .
ListBox2,
Unit 1.
Project 1_DRC , Unit 1.
. , . ,
, ,
( . 5.19).
C++Builder 6
, ( C++Builder ). :
Show original form
, . ,
.
Show translated form
. , , , - - . , , ,
Left, Right, Width, Height, . 5.19.
Refresh translated form
Keep forms on top
.

.
, ,
.
Actions . 5.19 ..
- .
Repository Add
Strings to Repository Get Strings from Repository. .
, . (. . 5.20)
, . 5.19.
, . .
362
. 5.20

D
Hew
1
flpen..
AI
} i
Savers . nd . ; Impot
Save
''
8'
'
Export
Et
Help
'11*[1)
1
j ()
tEdf
Wile1
.'Choice'
'Intetnatbndizalion'
| J
Get Strings from Repository , ,

, . , Multiple Find Action .
(. 5.21) +-KBuilder 6
. 5.19 Tools | Translation Tools Options .
Multiple Find Action Skip, . Use first, . Display selection,
.
. 5.21
C++Builder
?52-i Color j Font | FormDesisnerl

* TtwisfaSon Repository
Filename: |$(ETMdefault ips
Resource DLL Weald , J7 (Uiiomalic (epostoii" query

I JS" Agtumafcatty compie pfq'ects
W ShowIranslationManageraftwRDW
Translation Manager ' " ""
r Multiple Find Actiun

' t Skip
, 1 Use frst
1
i ^ Qttpby eeleefon
f? Aulornafcali' isfn^s
MsceHaieous
p" ^ save files
; grfftrnal Editor - " J !
Help

Resource DLL Wizard. :
Automatic repository query
Automatically compile projects , , .

Show Translation Manager
after RDW
363
Automatically quate strings , . Automatically save files

.
Translation Repository Filename, .rps
.
,
.
External Editor , Files .
Preferences .
Colors , Fonts
.
.
, . , ( View Project Manager),
. 5.22. Projectl.exe, , Projectl.enu Projectl.rus, . Forml
, , . Projectl_DRC.rc
. .
. .
. S.22

- , u?
X
fj.
~*^ New Remove
; Path ,
Files
|CJ) Proiecfl.res FVFestsSn
l temat
_ti
Proper! epp F:\Tes tsMnternat
- jj UniH epp
F:\Tests\lnternat
+ i] Uniti.epp F:\Tests\lriternat
F:\Tests\lnternat
2 ures pas
F:\Tests\lnteinat
'- 5 PiopcttENU
F:\Tests\lntemat\ENU
K) Projecd.epp F:\Tests\lnternat\ENU
+ 3 Form
RUestsMnternaÊNU
= S3 PioiecttRUS
F:\Tests\lnternatSRUS
^] Proi
ecttcpp F:\Tests\lnternat^RUS

+ 3 ' '
F:\Tests\lnteinat\RUS
3
jPioiecfl.exe
. Project1.exe.
, Activate, C++Builder
Run. . , (. 5.16 ).
Project Languages.
Add ( ), Remove ( ), Set Active
( ) Update Resource DLLs ( DLL ).
364
'*^^""^*''^^^***^^^**'^^ ^^w^ââsasa****^* ^^.
Project | Languages, Add, ,

(
Projectl.exe) .
Add DLL ,
. Remove ,
. ,
. ,
. DLL .
Update Resource DLLs DLL .
- . , - Project | Build All .
Set Active . , , <>. , , Windows. (
. 5.17, Set Active). , , , , .
, (. 5.16 ), .
,
.
C++Builder . .
,
Projectl.exe Projectl.enu . C++Builder. (Projectl.exe) Windows, , . -. Windows . , .
. , . ,
C++Builder . , -.
!
. .
, , , , -
.
-----..---.-----~--^
, , ( Projectl.enu).
5.7.2 :

. ,
365
CD ROM . , .
, .., .
,
, .
, Windows 3.x
.ini. , Windows 95 NT Microsoft , . (Registry)
,
Windows Windows. , Windows 3.x
.ini, Windows 95 NT .
, , , .
, . .
:
.
, , . , ,
, .
. :
Hkey_Local_Machine
,
.
Hkey_Current_Config .
Hkey_Dyn_Data
Hkey_Classes_Root
, plug-and-play.
OLE, Drag&Drop,
Windows 95.
:
Hkey_Users
, .
Hkey_Current_User
, .
SYSTEM.DAT Windows. Windows Regedit.exe

(. 5.23). , -

C++Builder, .
, - , SYSTEM.DAT, Windows, - . .
Windows.
366
. 5.23

Regedit.exe
<
jg
_J HKY_CLAS5ES_ROOT
V 1
+
1_J HKEY_CURRENT_U5ER
- wl HKEV_LOCAL_ÂCH
* _J 5AM
J SECURT
IY
^]( ) !
]
1
, REG SZ ( )
REG_5Z TRegistry
REG^SZ F i \Tests\RsgINI\PReolstry, exe
RE5_SZ MS Sens Serif
J SOFTWARE
- JflProjects
+ l l ActiveStê
^1
.1 TWftR6(APro[KtS^l
ÎEVso
'4
C++Builder TRegistry,
registry. TRegistry ,
#include
"registry.hpp";
TRegistry
, RootKey. RootKey =
HKEY_CURRENT_USER. TRegistry
, RootKey.
CurrentKey. .
CurrentPath ( ) , .
:
bool
f a s t c a l l (const AnsiString Key,
bool CanCreate);
Key, .
Key . Key
, , RootKey.
CanCreate , Key,
. KEY_ALL_ACCESS. .
: WriteInteger, WriteFloat, WriteBool, WriteString .
. :
void
void
f a s t c a l l Writelnteger(const AnsiString Name, int Value);

fastcall WriteString(const AnsiString Name,
const AnsiString Value);
Value Name. : Readlnteger, ReadFloat, ReadBool, ReadString . :

int
fastcall Readlnteger(const AnsiString Name);
AnsiString
fastcall ReadString(const AnsiString Name);
, :
, .
.
Button FontDialog. ( BInst
Install) . , , , . ( BUnlnst Unlnstall) . ( !),
. ( BFont Font)
367
, ,
, .
.
#include "registry.hpp";
TRegistry *Reg = new TRegistry;
i /
void
faatcall TForml::FormDestroy(TObject *Sender)
{
7
// Reg
delete Reg;
)
//
void
{
// Reg
Reg->RootKey = HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE;
if {Reg->KeyExists ("WSoftwareWA ProjectaWPl" ) ) .
<
/* , */
Reg->OpenKey ("\\Sof t w a r e W A ProjectsWPl", true) ;
Font->Name = Reg->ReadString("") ;
void
fastcall TForml::BInatClick(TObject *Sender)
{
//
Reg->OpenKey ("WSoftwareWA Projects", true) ;
Reg->WriteString(""," ");
Reg->OpenKey ("WSoftwareWA ProjectsWPl", true) ;
Reg->WriteString("","TRegiatry");
/*3 */
Reg->WriteString("",ParamStr(0));
//
Reg->WriteString("",Forml->Font->Name);
void
fastcall TForml::BUnlnatClick(TObject *Sender)
{
// PI
Reg->DeleteKey ("WSoftwareWA ProjectsWPl") ;
void
fastcall TForml::BFontClick(TObject *Sender)
(
FontDialogl->Font->Assign (Font) ,//
if(FontDialogl->Execute())
(
Font->Asaign(FontDialogl->Font);
if (Reg->OpenKey ("WSoftwareWA ProjectsWPl", false) )
/* 1 */
Reg->WriteString("",Forml->Font->Name);
368
registry Reg TRegistry.

TForml::FormDestroy.
TForml::FormCreate
Reg HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE.
KeyExists , \Software\A jects\Pl. , ,
. , KeyExists
false, - , , .
, "\" :
\\Software\\A Projects\\Pl.
KeyExists true,
\Software\A Projects\Pl ReadString
, , .
TForml::BInstClick,
. :
Projects PI Software ( ).
1
A Projects .
, , . 1 (
) .
TRegistry. ,
.
, ParamStr(O). , .
.
TForml::BUnInstClick
( 1) . ,
,
.
TForml::BFontClick , , . false.
, ( 1
), .
.
Install. Regedit.exe .
( . 5.23).
Unlnstall. Regedit.exe | . , 1 . Install, Font
- . Regedit.exe
, .
. , ,
. , , .
, Regedit.exe A Projects,
1.
-_
369
5.7.3 .ini
. 5.7.2 ,
. 32- Windows. ,
Windows 3.x,
.ini.
32- Microsoft .ini.
, 32- , ,
. Microsoft .
.ini , . , , . , [Desktop]. , , , , :
<><>
ODBC.INI:
[ODBC 32 b i t Data S o u r c e s ]
dBASE F i l e s = M i c r o s o f t dBase D r i v e r ( * . d b f ) (32 b i t ) '
E x c e l F i l e s = M i c r o s o f t E x c e l D r i v e r ( * . x l s ) (32 b i t )
FoxPro F i l e s = M i c r o s o f t FoxPro D r i v e r ( * . d b f ) (32 b i t )
T e x t F i l e s = M i c r o s o f t T e x t D r i v e r ( * . t x t ; * . c s v ) (32 b i t )
[dBASE F i l e s ]
Driver32=C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\odbcj t 3 2 . d l l
.ini, , Windows,
GetWindowsDirectory.
C++Builder .ini TIniFile. inifiles, uses ( ).
TIniFile .ini, . .
: WriteString, WriteInteger, WriteFloat, WriteBool . . . :
void
fastcall WriteString(const AnsiString Section,
const AnsiString Ident,
const AnsiString Value);
void
fastcall Writelnteger(const AnsiString Section,
int Value);
Section , Ident , Value . , .
: ReadString, Readlnteger, ReadFloat,
ReadBool . :
AnsiString
fastcall ReadString(const AnsiString Section,
const AnsiString Default);
int
fastcall Readlnteger(const AnsiString Section,
int Default);
370
Ident Section. Default

, , .
ValueExists,
. DeleteKey
.
SectionExists. EraseSection . ,
C++Builder.
, , .
, .
5.7.2. Button FontDialog. ( BInst Install) . , ,
, .ini Windows.
( BUnlnst Unlnstall) . ,
Windows .ini. ( BFont
Font) , ,
.ini, .
.
#include "inifiles.hpp";
include <stdio.h>
TIniFile *lni;
String sFile;
//
void
{
char APchar[255);
// Windows
GetWindowsDirectory(APchar,255);
sFile = (String)APchar+"\\My.ini";
if(FileExista("My.ini"))
<
// Ini
Ini = new TIniFile (sFile);
//
Font->Name - Ini->ReadString("", "",
"MS Sans Serif");
void
faatcall TForml::FormDeatroy(TObject *Sender)
{
.
if (Ini == NULL) return;
//
Ini->UpdateFile ();
//
delete Ini;
.
)
//
___
___
void
fastcall TForml::BInstClick(TObject *Sender)
(
FILE *F;
// . ini

if
(I
371
FileExists (sFile))
// . i n i
if ((F = f o p e n ( s F i l e . c _ s t r ( ) ,
"w+")) == NULL)
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
fclose(F); //
}
// Ini
' Ini = new TIniFile (sFile);
/* Files, main
*/
Ini->WriteString("Files","main",PararaStr(0));
/* ,
*/
Ini->WriteString("","",Font->Narae);
}
/ / _ ' _
______________ ___
__
void
fastcall TForml:rBUnlnstClick(TObject *Sender)
(
FILE *F;
// .ini,
if (FileExists(sFile))
DeleteFile (sFile);
)
/ /
_ _ _
void
fastcall TForml::BFontClick(TObject 'Sender)
!
//
FontDialogl->Font->Assign(Font) ;
{
//
Font->Assign(FontDialogl->Font);
if((Ini != NOLL) && Ini->ValueExists("",""))
// "" ""
Ini->WriteString ("","",Font->Name);
inifiles.hpp, TIniFile, -stdio.h, . Ini TIniFile sFile,

. TForml>FormCreate (My.ini)
Windows. GetWindowsDirectory. FileExists , , ..
. , Ini,
,
. , .
TForml >BInstCHck, . FileExists , Windows My.ini. , (
) fopen w.
Ini.
Files . main . ParamStr(O)
372
(. . 16, . 16.7.4). , ,
:
[Files]
main=D:\TESTS\REGINI\PINI.EXE
[]
IHpHJ>T=MS Sans S e r i f
TForml->BUnInstClick
. .ini,
( ) Files .
TForml>FormDestroy,
, UpdateFile Ini
, Free .
TForml>BFontClick
, ,
.ini.
.
Install. My.ini Windows. Windows
. , C++Builder.
Unlnsfall .
.
Install, Font - . . , , . ,
, .

6.1
6.1.1
6.1.1,1 Image
- . , . , . Image, Additionol , DBImage,
Dafo Controls.
. Image. , Picture.
Image, Picture Editor
(. 6.1), Picture -
( Load), . Load, .
Load Picture, . 6.2.
. Images.
. files\Common Files\Borland Shared.
. 6.1 6.2 ...\lmages\Splash\16Cofor\earth.bmp.
(. 6.2)
, , . , , .
Image . . , , .
. 6.1
Picture Editor
374
. 6.2

J I6C0I
M
fl * *
(
11 *.^
âthenabrnp
22
chp
l.bmp

"Jconstruc.bmp ZZKS |
ZZK6 (
22

oi 1?:
30.01.200217:30
30 0! 200217 30
10 01 2002 17 30
30.01 .ZODZ 17.30
30.01.200217,30
," ipeg," birp* *," wmfl
Image, , .
. , , Image .
Image.
AutoSize true, Image
.
AutoSize false,
, ,
.
Stretch , . AutoSize false,
Image Stretch true. ,
, Image , . Stretch true - , . Stretch
, (. . 6.1.1.3).
Center, true, Image, .
Transparent (). Transparent true, Image . . Image .
- , . , ,
, , (
...\program files\comimon files\borland shared\images\buftons\orrowlr.bmp).
Image , , Transparent true. , .
, .
C++Builder Image Editor, .
, Transparent ( . . 6.1.1.3).
375
6.1.1.2
,
. , . PietureDialog, Dialogs
(. 6.2),
, .

:
if (OpenPictureDialogl->Execute{) )
Imagel->Picture->LoadFromFile(OpenPictureDialogl->FileName) ;
Picture Imagel ,
. .

Imagel.

,
. , . Imagel
AutoSize true, :
if (OpenPictureDialogl->Execute () )
Imagel->Picture->LoadFromFile(OpenPictureDialogl->FileName);
Forml->ClientHeight = Imagel->Height + 10;
Imagel->Top = Forml->ClientRect.Top
+ (Forml->ClientHeight - Imagel->Height) / 2;
Forml->ClientWidth = Imagel->Width + 10;
Imagel->Left = Forml->ClientRect.Left
+ (Forml->ClientWidth - Imagel->Width) / 2;

Imagel, AutoSize.
, (. 6.3), .
. 6.3

6.1.1.3
, , . C++Builder ,
. ;
376

. ( .bmp) . ,
, .
( .ico) .
,
, , .
,
. , ,
, .
(Metafiles) , , . ,
. , , , .
C++Builder 6 :

JPEG Image File
jpg. jpeg
(Bitmaps)
.bmp
.ico
Enhanced Metafiles
.emf
Metafiles
.wmf
6.1.1.4 TPicture, TBitmap,

Tlcon TMetafile
. , , ,
C++Builder TBitmap, Tlcon TMetafile.

TGraphic. , ,
TBitmap, Tlcon TMetafile .
TPicture, .
Graphic, , ,
. , , TGraphic. TPicture>Graphic, ,
TPicture->Bitmap, TPicture->Icon TPicture->Metafile.

:
void
void
fastcall LoadFromFile(const System::AnsiString Filename);

fastcall SaveToFile{const System::AnsiString Filename);
TBitmap, Tlcon TMetafile . TPicture

.

:
void
fastcall Assign(TPersistent*
Source);
377
TBitmap, TIcon TMetafile : , , . . TPicture , . TPicture

, , .
. TBitmap,
, . ,
, :
// Bitmap
G r a p h i c s : : T B i t m a p * B i t m a p = new G r a p h i c s : : T B i t m a p ( ) ;
void
f a s t c a l l TForml:;FormDestroy(TObject *Sender)
// Bitmap
(
Bitmap->Free () ;
}
//
void
fastcall TForml::MOpenClick(TObject *Sender)
// Bitmap Imagel
{
if (OpenPictureDialogl->Execute())
(
Bitmap->LoadFromFile(OpenPictureDialogl->FileName);
Imagel->Picture->Assign(Bitmap);
)
)
1I
void ___fastcall TForml;:MSaveClick(TObject *Sender)

// Imagel Bitmap
{
Bl1tmap->Assign (Imagel~>Picture) ;
} '
/ / _ _
....
void f a s t c a l l TForml::MRestoreClick(TObject *Sender)

// Imagel Bitmap
(
}
Bitmap TBitmap . Bitmap,

.
. , , OnDestroy ( FormDestroy) Free:
Bitmap->Free () ;
MOpenClick Bitmap LoadFromFile

.
Bitmap Picture
Imagel. .
:
Forml->Imagel->Picture->Bitmap->Assign(Bitmap) ;
378
Bitmap Imagel
( ),
( MSaveClick):
Bitmap->Assign(Imagel->Picture);
Imagel ,
- , ( MRestoreClick):
, , Assign .
,
void
f a s t c a l l LoadFromResourceName(int-Instance,
const System: : AnsiString ResNarne) ;
void
f a s t c a l l LoadFromResourcelD(int Instance, i n t ResID);
ResName , a ResID . ,
Bitmapl->LoadFromResourceName(HInstance,"MYBITMAP");
Bitmapl "MYBITMAP".

. 6.1.2.4.

Clipboard,
C++Builder.
6.1.2 Image Editor

6.1.2.1
C++Builder Image Editor, Tools | Image Editor. . 6.4 . . , ,
, . '
, .
)
. 6.4
E-e
l yt ttw _

()

fi

()
i;:
379
File, Open
, New
. New, ,
, :
Resource File (.res)
Component Resource File (.dcr)
Bitmap File (.bmp)
Icon File (.ico)
Cursor File (.cur)
, , . , Bitmap File, (. 6.4 ),

(Size) (Width) (Height),
: 2, 16 256. , 16 .

, . 6.4 . . View
2 ( Zoom In), ( Zoom
Out) ( Actual Size).
, :
, , ..
, , ..

, ,
.
, , , ,
, .
, ,
, ,
. ,
.
, , , ,
. , .
. . ,
.
.
Text .
380
6
,
.
, , . , ,
, , .

, , ,
, , .
, , , , , , , , .
(. 6.4 )
. .
, , ;
, , .
, , . (, , ), - . , - .bmp ( File | Open ) - ,
, .
.bmp. Transparent Image,
. 6.1.1.1.
. , , .
6.1.2.2
,
. . 8.2. , .
.bmp 24 24. , , , . , , , .
C++Builder, ,
, , , . , .
8 ,
. Edit, "",
. ,
24 24. ( Small Fonts).
false AutoSize. .
381

Alf+Print Screen,
.
(Tools | Image Editor), File | New | Bitmap File (.bmp) (. 6.4 ) 24x24. . Edit | Paste, . , . File | Save As .
(. . 8.2, . 8.1, ).

. ,
, ,
.
6.1.2.3
. ,
SpeedButton BitBtn, , Gliph. 16x16. . . ,
Enabled false. . ( SpeedButton) .
4 . (File | New | Bitmap File (.bmp))
(. 6.4 ) 64 16. 4 , (. 6.5 ), , , .
. 6.5
) Image editor
gfe 1st* **

() (6)
Bitmap Whdot Help
*! "
*1
"--- r,l.q|,xl
';
1
X:035 V:017
382
,
, .. ,
. , , , , , .
, . (. 6.5 ) :
SpeedButton, BitBtn Button. Gliph SpeedButton BitBtn . Caption BitBtn - , BitBtn. ,
NumGliphs 4.
Margin Spacing ,
. SpeedButton Grouplndex 1,
AllowAllUp true. Button :
BitBtn2->Enabled = ! BitBtn2->Enabled;
SpeedButton2->Enabled = ! SpeedButton2->Enabled;
. ,
. . .
SpeedButton ' .
.
, , Windows . ,
(. . 4.4) . - , Windows,
. , ,
Print Screen.
, , 6.1.2.2. (Tools [ Image Editor), File | New
Bitmap File (.bmp) (. 6.4 ) 16x16.
. Edit | Paste
( Ctrl-V),
. , . . 6.4 . File | Save As .
ImageList (. . 4.2).
6.1.2.4

. , , -
. .res
(.), (.ico), (.cur),
. .dcr (dynamic component resource )
, .res.

. , ";. - , , LoadCursor Cursors Screen (-
383
. 4.7). . ( ),
C++Builder (. . 8.3).
, .
File | Open, .res, - . , (. 6.6 ).
Icon, MAINICON, .
Resource | New ( ),
: Bitmap, Cursor Icon. , , .
Resource | New | Cursor
. , LoadCursor.

, .

Cursor (. . 6.6 ) : Set Hot Cpot
, Test . ,
X Y, (. . 5.3.1.2). Set Hot Cpot
(. . 6.6 ), . , ..
, . , . 6.6
, , .
. 6.6

()
()
384
Cursor | Test. , .
, ,
. ,
,
.
, File | Save.
, . . 6.7.
File | New | Component Resource File (,dcr). ,
,
Resource | New | Bitmap
24x24.
.
. 6.7

Fib Resource Wndow
~ Co1ntents
i- Btimap
jTEDITLETNUM I
tr
, .
C++Builder
. . .dcr
, , , , . ,
. 6.7 , , . 8.3.
TEditLetNum, ,
, EditLetNum.

C++Builder .

, . 6.1.2.2.
6.1.3
6.1.3.1
C++Builder Canvas (, ),
, . , Image, PaintBox, Bitmap . , C++Builder.
, C++Builder , .
385
X Y. ,
C++Builder, . X
, Y
.
, , , . . , . ,. TColor. , 4T(^LC++Builder
TColor. ( clBlne ),
,
Windows (, clBtnFace
). . . 17,
. Color.
. , . 4- ,
,
. , $OOFFOOOO , $OOOOFFOO , $OOOOOOFF .
$00000000 , $OOFFFFFF .
. 17.
6.1.3.2
.
. Pixels. Canvas->Pixels[int X][int Y],
. , Canvas>Pixels[10][20] ,
10- 20- .
: , ,
. , Canvas>Pixels[10][20] =
clBlack .
F(X) Image 1, Ymax Ymin Xmin . :
float X,Y;
//
i n t PX,PY;
/ . /
f o r ( = 0; <= I m a g e l - > W i d t h ; PX++)
(
//X - ,
X = Xmin + * (Xmax - Xmin) / I m a g e l - > W i d t h ;
Y = F(X) ;
//PY - , Y
PY = Imagel->Height - (Y - Ymin)*Imagel->Height/(Ymax-Ymin);
//
Imagel->Canvas->Pixels[PX][PY] = clBlack;
)
X Y,
, PY, , X Y. Image 1. X. Y. -
386
PY.
(, PY) .
, . sin(X), Xmin=0, = 4 (2 ), Ymin=-l, Ymax=l.
, Image , OnClick , , :
define Pi 3.14159
float X,Y;
// i'3
'
i n t PX,PY;
//
for (PX - 0; PX <- Imagel->Width; PX++)
//X - ,
X - * 4 * Pi / lmagel->Width;
Y = sin(X) ;
//PY - , Y
PY = Imagel->Height - (Y+l) * Imagel->Height / 2;
//
Imagel->Canvas->Pixels[PX][PY] = clBlack;
)
, ( ) . . 6.8 .
.
. 6.8

LineTo
6.1.3.3
. ,
. Color , . Width ( ).
. 1.
Style . :
psSolid
psDash
psDot
psDashDot
- .
387

psDashDotDot
, .
psClear
.
, Width > 1 , Windows.
psInsideFrame
. 6.9.
. 6.9

psSolid
psDash
piDot
psDathDot
psDashDotDot
psClear
psIneideFrame
Width = 1. .
psInsideFrame , .
Windows.
PenPos.
. , .. PenPos, MoveTo(X,Y). (X,Y) , . , LineTo(X,Y) (X,Y).
LineTo .
.
, Image , . 6.8.
Image ,
, .
,
Size.

Image2->Canvas->MoveTo(0,Image2->Height / 2) ;

.
Image2->Canvas->LineTo(PX,PY);
, .
, :
fdefine Pi 3.14159
f l o a t X,Y;
//
i n t PX,PY;
//
Image2->Canvas->MoveTo(0,Image2->Height / 2) ;
f o r (PX = 0; PX <= Imagel->Width; PX++)
{
//
X - ,
, PX
X = PX * 4 * Pi / Imagel->Width;
Y = sin(X);
// PY - , Y
388
PY = Imagel->Height - (Y+l) * Iraagel->Height / 2;
//
Imagel->Canvas->Pixels[PX][PY] = dBlack;
//
Image2->Canvas->LineTo(PX,PY);
,
, ,
,
.
. , . 6.8. ,
. . . , , .
Image .
, ,
. ,
Image, . , , , .
, Y, :
Y = 2 sin(X) ;
, . 6.10.
, . , - .
. 6.10

,

pHRIJIIIlh 1N1 11.1
, . , :
Arc
Chord
,
.
Ellipse
Pie
Polygon
- .
389
Polyline
- .
Rectangle
RoundRect
. 6.11.
. 6.11
,
(
\ L
Arc
Choid
Polygon
Po^n
ile
^
;
Ep
ilse.
Pe
i
Rectange
l
[ )
RoundRect
, ,
. 6.11. , . . 18.
Imagel->Canvas->Font->Style fsBold;
Imagel->Canvas->Arc(10,10,90,90,90,50,10,50);
Imagel->Canv.as->TextOut (40, 60, "Arc") ;
Imagel->Canvas->Chord(110,10,190,90,190,50,110,50);
Imagel->Canvas->IextOut(135,60,"Chord");
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse(210,10,290,50);
Imagel->Canvas->TextOut(230,60,"Ellipse");
Imagel->Canvas->Pie(310,10,3 90,90,390,30,310,30),
Imagel->Canvas->TextOut(340,60,"Pie");
TPoint p o i n t s [ 5 ] ;
points[0] = Point(30,150),
points[1] = Point(40,130);
Imagel->Canvas->Polygon(points,4);
Imagel->Canvas->IextOut(30,17 0,"Polygon") ;
p o i n t s [ 0 ] . x += 100;
p o i n t s [ 1 ] . x += 100;
p o i n t s [ 2 ] . x += 100;
p o i n t s [ 3 ] . x += 100;
p o i n t s [ 4 ] . x += 100;
I m a g e l - > C a n v a s - > P o l y l i n e ( p o i n t s , 4) ;
Imagel->Canvas->TextOut(130,17 0 , " P o l y l i n e " ) ;
Imagel->Canvas->Rectangle(230,120, 280, 160) ;
Imagel->Canvas->TextOut(23 0,17 0 , " R e c t a n g l e " ) ;
Imagel->Canvas->RoundRect (330, 120,,380, 160,20,20) ;
Imagel->Canvas->TextOut(325,170,"RoundRect") ;
.
. , , , .

TextOut, :
void
fastcall TextOut(int X, int Y,
const System::AnsiString Text);
390
, .
Font ,
. ,
.
6.1.3.4 Brush
Brush . . Brush , . Color . Style ().
. . 17.
Bitmap, TBitmap . 8x8. Bitmap, ,
Style.
Bitmap ,
, , ,
:
Graphics::TBitmap 'BrushBmp = new Graphics::TBitmap;
try
(
BrushBmp->LoadFromFile("MyBitmap.bmp");
Forml->Canvas->Brush->Bitmap = BrushBmp;
Forml->Canvas->FillRect(Rect(0,0,Forml->Width,Forml->Height));
)
finally
<
Forml->Canvas->Brush->Bitmap = NULL;
d e l e t e BrushBmp;
BrushBmp TBitmap MyBitmap.bmp. Forml>

Canvas>Brush->Bitmap . .
FillRect , . OnResize,
. ( -
) Bitmap NULL,
Style. BrushBmp ,
.
FillRect,
void
fastcall FillRect(const Windows::TRect SRect);
, Rect: TRect. Rect(Xl,Yl,X2,Y2), Rect

, (XI, Y1) (2, Y2).
FillRect , , . ,
Imagel->Canvas->FillRect(Rect(0,0,
Imagel->Width,Imagel->Height));
Imagel.
391
.
. . Chord, Ellipse, Pie, Polygon .
, .
FloodFill, .
:
void
f a s t c a l l F l o o d F i l l ( i n t X, i n t , TColOr Color,
TFillStyle F i l l S t y l e ) ;
X Y , .
Color FillStyle. Color
, , FillStyle , . FillStyle : fsSurface
fsBorder. FillStyle = fsSurface, , Color, . FillStyle = fsBorder,
, , Color, a
Color .

, ( FillStyle = fsSurface) ( FillStyle = fsBorder). . 6.1.4
FloodFill.
, . FrameRect.
, .
FrameRect:
void
fastcall FrameRect(const Windows::TRect SRect);
Rect . 1 . .
FrameRect Rectangle ,
( Rectangle ) ( Rectangle ).
6.1.4

,
.
1. .
2. TImage (. 6.12), , , 20 20. .
Imagel Image2.
3. TImage
, , , ,
. . Image3.
4. TImage
. .
, , 10
. Image4.
392
. 6.12
mm
:
() ,
()
<
dM i
5.
% 1 1 1
TSpeedButton
. . SBBrush. Grouplndex 1 AllowAllUp true.
(. . 3.7.3). Glyph ( ..\lmages\Buttons\brush.bmp).
TSpeedButton
SBBrush. . SBColor. , ,
Grouplndex 1 ( ,
) AllowAllUp true.
Glyph (, ,.\lmages\ Buttons\one2one.bmp).
7.
OpenPictureDialog.
8. MainMenu.
. . . Undo.
. .
6.
393
9. :
Graphics::TBitraap *BitMap = new Graphics::TBitmap;
BitMap TBitmap. , .
10. OnCreate :
//
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color = clBlack;
Image2->Canvas->Brush->Color = clWhite;
//
Imagel->Canvas->FillRect(Rect(0,0,Imagel->width,
Iraagel->Height));
Image2->Canvas->FillRect(Rect(0,0,Image2->Width,
Image2->Height));
//
i n t HW = Image4->Width / 10;
//
f o r ( i n t i = 1; i <=10; i++)
(
switch (i)
{
case 1:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clBlack;
break;
case 2:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clAqua;
break;
case 3:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clBlue;
break;
case 4:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clFuchsia;
break;
case 5:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clGreen;
break;
case 6:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clLime;
break;
case 7:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clMaroon;
break;
8:Iraage4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clRed;
break;
case 9:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clYellow;
break;
case 10:Image4->Canvas->Brush->Color = clWhite;
)
Image4->Canvas~>Rectangle((i-1)*HW,0,i*HW,
Image4->Height);
// -
Image3->Canvas->MoveTo(0,0);
Image3->Canvas->LlneTo (Image3->Width,Image3->Height);
Image3->Canvas->MoveTo (0,Image3->Height);
Image3->Canvas->LineTo(Image3->Width,0);
BitMap->Assign(Image3->Picture);
, . (Imagel) (Image2) :
. FillRect.
:
Rectangle. Image3 (. 6.12 ). , . , , . BitMap
Assign.
394
'
Hi OnDestroy
BitMap->Free() ;
.
12. :
if
(OpenPictureDialogl->Execute) (
Image3->Picture->LoadFromFile(
OpenPictureDialogl->FileName);
BitMap->Assign(lraage3->Picture);
Image3 ,
, Bit Map.
13. :
Image3->Picture->Assign(BitMap);
, BitMap.
14. OnClick SBBrush SBCoIor
if ( ( (TSpeedButton *)Sender)->Down)
BitMap->Assign(Image3->Picture) ;
BitMap
.
15. OnMouseDown Image3 Image4
:
if((Sender == Iraage4) II SBColor->Down)
//
(
if(Button -- rabLeft)
{
//
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color =
((TImage *)Sender)->Canvas->Pixels[X][Y];
Imagel->Canvas->FillRect(Rect(0,0,Imagel->Width,
Imagel->Height));
}
else
{
//
Image2->Canvas->Brush->Color =
((TImage *)Sender)->Canvas->Pixels[X][Y];
Image2->Canvas->FillRect(Rect(0,0,Image2->Width,
Image2->Height));
}
,
else if (SBBrush->Down)
//
{
if (Button==mbLeft)
Image3->Canvas->Brush->Color =
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color;
else Iraage3->Canvas->Brush->Color =
Image2->Canvas->Brush->Color;
Image3->Canvas->FloodFill(X, Y,
Iraage3->Canvas->Pixels[X][Y], fsSurface) ;
}
, , .
Image4 SBColor -
395
, . , .
Image3 SBBrush , .

FloodFill , , , .
. , , , , .
, . .
. ,
(. 6.12 ). , .
| ,
, .
| - ( . 6.12 ...\lmages\Splash\16Color\earth.bmp).
. , , - ( . 6.12 ) ..
, : . ,
. 6.1.5. , , ,
, , .
6.1.5
6.1.5.1
, .
Mode (). Mode
. 18. Mode = pmCopy. ,
, Color. , Color,
. pmNot . . "", , " 1 " .
, . , , 0110011, 1111000.
, pmNotXor
396
0110100. . , , .
pmNotXor 1111000
, 0110100. pmNotXor 0110011, .. .
, - , , . pmNotXor,
,
.
, , . .
6.1.5.2

Assign. . CopyRect, . :
void
fastcall
CopyRect(const Windows::TRect
TCanvas* Canvas,
const Windows::TRect
SDest,
SSource);
Dest , . Canvas , . : TImage,

TBitmap . , . Source , Dest.
, TRect.
. 6.1.3.4 Rect .
. ,
, . CopyMode ( ) ,
. . 17
15 .
CopyMode cmSrcCopy. ,
: Dest . cmWhiteness cmBlackness, : .
, Dest. cmSrdnvert, , XOR. ,
,
. cmSrcAnd. ,
, , .
cmSrcPaint , .
397
.
Imagel->Canvas->CopyMode = cmSrcCopy;
Imagel->Canvas->CopyRect(Rect(0,0,200,200),Image2->Canvas,
Rect(0,0,200,200));
Image2
Imagel. ,
Imagel (0, 0)
(200, 200), .
Imagel->Canvas->CopyMode = c m S r c I n v e r t ;
R e c t ( 0 , 0 , 2 0 0 , 200) ) ;
I m a g e l - > C a n v a s - > C o p y R e c t ( R e c t (0, 0 , 2 0 0 , 200) , ' l m a g e 2 - > C a n v a s ,
Rect(0,0,200,200) ) ;
Image2
Imagel cmSrcInvert. CopyRect Imagel
Image2 , CopyRect
Imagel .
Imagel->Canvas->CopyMode = cmWhiteness;
Rect (0,0,200,200) ) ;
Imagel, . Image2
.
, , , .
,
. ,
. .
, . , .
BrushCopy . , C++Builder,
.
CopyMode Draw. :
void
fastcall Draw(int X, int Y, TGraphic* Graphic);
Draw , , Graphic,
,
X Y. , . TBitmap, , CopyMode.
,
Imagel->Canvas->Draw(10,10,Bitmapl);
Imagel Bitmapl (10, 10).
398
DrawFocusRect.
, ,
XOR. DrawFocusRect :
void
fastcall
DrawFocusRect(const Windows::TRect
SRect);
Rect . XOR, Rect .
6.1.6

, .
(.
6.1.4) . , .
. 6.13. ,
. , - '
, , . , , .
. 6.13

, .
, . .
:
. ,
.
SBBrush. ,
, .
,
.
399
SBColor. , , , , .
SBPen. .
SBRect. . . Ctrl, , ,

.
Clipboard .
() SBErase. .
SBRectang.
.
SBFillRec.
.
SBLine. .
| .
| .
,
| .
Clipboard | | .

Clipboard | .
.
DrawFocusRect. OnMouseDown
Image3, :
//
= X;
Y0 = Y;
//
R.Top - X;
R. Bottom = X;
R.Left = Y;
R.Right = Y;
//
Image3->Canvas->DrawFocusRect(R);
RBegin = t r u e ;
X Y Y0,
R
TRect ( ) DrawFocusRect. RBegin.
OnMouseMove Image3, RBegin, :
400
6
//
Image3->Canvas->DrawFocusRect(R) ;
// , R
if (0 < X) ( R.Left - ; R.Right
e l s e { R.Left - X; R.Right = XO;
if (YO < Y} ( R.Top = 0; R.Bottom
e l s e ( R.Top = Y; R.Bottom = YO;
= X; }
}
= Y; )
}
//
(,
DrawFocusRect XOR). R (, Y0) (X, Y). , , DrawFocusRect, R.Left
R.Right, a R.Top R.Bottom.
(, Y0) (X, Y) , .
.
, , . .
, :
//
//
RDrag = t r u e ;
//
= X;
YO = Y;
//
R0 = R;
//
BitMap->Assign(lmage3->Picture);
//
Image3->Canvas->Brush->Color = Image2->Canvas->Brush->Color;
. RDrag. R0 TRect. Assign
Bitmap. ,

. , Image2.
OnMouseMove Image3, RDrag,
:
//
Iraage3->Canvas->C0pyRect(R,BitMap->Canvas,R);
// Ctrl - R0
if (! Shift.Contains(ssCtrl))
401
Image3->Canvas->FillRect(R0) ;
//
R.Left = R.Left + X
R.Right = R.Right +
R.Top = R.Top + Y R.Bottom = R.Bottom

- ;
X - ;
YO;
+ Y - YO;
//
= X;
YO = Y;
//
Image3->Canvas->CopyRect(R,BitMap->Canvas,RO);
//
Image3->Canvas->DrawFocugRect(R);
(.. ), CopyRect BitMap. , Ctrl,
( ) FillRect. .
, .
, .
.
OnMouseDown
OnMouseMove . ,
, .. OnMouseUp, .
:
Image3->Canvas->Brush->Color = Image2->Canvas->Brush->Color;
Image3->Canvas->Pen->Color = Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color;
Image3->Canvas->Rectangle(R.Left,R.Top,R.Right,R.Bottom);
Rectangle.
:
Image3->Canvas->Brush->Color = Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color;
Image3->Canvas->FrameRect. (R) ;
, ,
, FrameRect .
. OnMouseDown :
= X;
YO = Y;
XI = X;
Yl = Y;
Image3->Canvas->Pen->Mode = pmNotXor;
Image3->Canvas~>Pen->Color = Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color;
: (X0.Y0)
(XI, Y1). . pmNotXor,
.
402
6
OnMouseMove :
//
Image3->Canvas->MoveTo(X0,Y0);
Image3->Canvas->LineTo(XI,Yl);
//
Image3->Canvas->MoveTo(X0,Y0);
Image3->Canvas->LineTo(X,Y);
//
XI - X;
Yl = Y;
MoveTo LineTo
, . .
, . , :
Image3->Canvas->LineTo(XO,Y0);
Image3->CanvaS->LineTo(X,Y);
, ( , X I , Y1).
. .
- : LineTo ,
, . , pmNotXor , , (X0.Y0) , , , . ,
, .
OnMouseUp , , :
//
Image3->Canvas->MoveTo(XO,Y0);
Image3->Canvas->LineTo(Xl,Yl);
// }
Image3->Canvas->Pen->Mode = pmCopy;
Image3->Canvas->MoveTo(XO,Y0);
image3->Canvas->LineTo(X,Y);
,
. , , OnMouseMove:
Image3->Canvas->Pixels[X][Y] = Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color;
.
. , OnMouseMove
. , ,
. , , LineTo, OnMouseMove
Image3->Canvas->LineTo(X,Y);
403
, . 6.13,
. FillRect, . , . 6.1.4. SavePictureDialog
if
(SavePictureDialogl->Execute())
BitMap~>Assign(Image3->Plcture);
BitMap->SaveToFile(SavePictureDialogl->FileName);
}
Bitmap,
SaveToFile .

void
f a s t c a l l TForml::MCopyClick(TObject
(
//
*Sender)
//
Graphics: :TBitmap *BMCopy = new Graphics:iTBitmap;
BMCopy->Width = R.Right - R.Left;
BMCopy->Height = R.Bottom - R.Top;
try
(
//
BMCopy->Canvas->CopyRect(Rect(0,0,->Width,
BMCopy->Height),Image3->Canvas,R);
//
// Clipboard
Clipboard()->Assign();
if (Sender == MCut)
(
//
Image3->Canvas->Brush->Color = clWhite;
Image3->Canvas->FillRect(R) ;
}
}
finally
(
//
BMCopy->Free();

, R.
TBitmap, . Clipboard. '
finally
: .
Clipboard,
TClipboard, Windows.
, Clipboard:
voidf a s t c a l l TForml:iMPasteClick(TObject *Sender)
(
Graphics::TBitmap *BMCopy = new Graphics::TBitmap;
404

try
{
try
BMCopy->LoadFromClipboardFormat(CF_BITMAP,
Clipboard()->GetAsHandle(CF_BITMAP),0);
Image3->Canvas->CopyRect(Rect(0,0,BMCopy->Width,
BMCopy->Height), BMCopy->Canvas,
Rect(0,0,BMCopy->Width,
BMCopy->Height));
finally
BMCopy->Free();
catch (EInvalidGraphicS)
(
ShowMessage(" ");
Clipboard LoadFromClipboardFormat. ElnvalidGraphic, Clipboard

.

, . , , , , , .. ,
. . 6.1.2.4 4.7. . 6.14 , . Examples\Apps\
Doodle\extrares.res, C++Builder.
, .
: extrares.res
, .
. 6.14

405
,
(. . 4.7). :
//
const int c r F i l l = 1;
const int crPlus = 2;
const int crDraw = 3;
const int crErase = 4;
OnCreate :
//
S c r e e n - > C u r s o r s [ c r F i l l ] = LoadCursor(HInstance, "FILL");
Screen->Cursors[crPlus] = LoadCursor(HInstance, "PLUS");
Screen->Cursors[crDraw] = LoadCursor(HInstance, "DRAW");
Screen->Cursors[crErase] = LoadCursor(HInstance, "ERASE");
OnClick
, ImageS :
if((Sender == SBPen)||(Sender == SBLine))
Image3->Cursor = crDraw;
else if(Sender == SBBrush)
Image3->Cursor = crFill;
else if(Sender == SBErase)
Image3->Cursor = crErase;
else if(Sender == SBColor)
Image3->Cursor = crDefault;
else Image3->Cursor = crPlus;
6.1.7 OnPaint
Image.
Image. , , .
, TImage, . , PaintBox, . PaintBox
, .
PaintBox . , .
, OpenPictureDialog,
:
void
(
if (OpenPictureDialogl->Execute()}
{
Graphics::TBitmap *Bitmap = new Graphics::TBitmap;
try
(
Canvas->Draw(0,0,Bitmap);
}
finally
(
Bitmap->Free () ;
406
(
Canvas>Draw , ,
Forml>Canvas>Draw). ,
- . 6.15 . ,
, C++Builder , , . ,
C++Builder, , , .
, , ,
C++Builder , , ,
. 6.15 .
. 6.15

()
()

, - , , , . Image , TImage
, . .
,
, -
.
, OnPaint. ( ) .
. Bitmap
, .. :
Graphics::TBitmap *Bitmap;

if (OpenPictureDialogl->Execute() )
{
Bitmap = new G r a p h i c s : : T B i t m a p ;
}
Bitmap>Free(), ,
OnDestroy.
Bitmap
OnPaint :
if
(Bitmap
! = NULL)
407
if , Bitmap,
Bitmap .
, , .
, ,
, . . ,
. ClipRect TRect, OnPaint , . :
if
(Bitmap !- NULL)
Canvas->CopyRect(Canvas->ClipRect,Bitmap->Canvas,Canvas->ClipRect) ;
ClipRect, .
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.1.1
, , .
,
.
.wav.
, . , ; .
- (MIDI). .midi
. ,
. , .
MIDI , .
MIDI ,
.bmp. ,
, , .
MIDI . . AVI
MPEG. , .
, ? , , . . .
,
30 .
, .
408
(
), .
-, ,
72 . .
,
. ,
: ,
, ,
?
. , , , ,
.
.
CD-ROM.
6.2.1.2 , MessageBeep
PlaySound
, ,
. , Windows,
( Windows ). ,
.
, , :
() ;
, Windows , .
Windows API MessageBeep:
bool MessageBeep(int uType);
uType [sounds] , , Windows. .

uType :
MB ICONASTERISK
SystemAsterisk
MB_ICONEXCLAMATION
SystemExclamation
MB ICONHAND
SystemHand
MB_ICONQUESTION
SystemQuestion
MB_OK
SystemDefault
MessageBeep . .
, , .
, .
409
.
.

:
MessageBeep(MB_OK);
Windows, . , . MessageBeep .
PlaySound, Windows,
. API Windows, mmsystem.
#include <mmsystem.cpp>, ++ilder .
PlaySound :
bool PlaySound(char * pszSound, HINST hmod, i n t fdwSound);
pszSound
. hmod , . ,
hmod 0.
fdwSound ,
. . 16, . 16.7.3.
, :
SND_ASYNC
PlaySound .
,
PlaySound pszSound, 0.
SND_LOOP
, PlaySound pszSound, 0. SND_ASYNC .
SND_NOSTOP
,
, , , PlaySound
false, .
, PlaySound
,
.
SND_NOWAIT
, .
SND_PURGE
,
. pszSound 0,
. pszSound 0,
, .
SND_SYNC
. PlaySound .
'
410
, pszSound, . PlaySound : , Windows, Windows, , PATH, , .

, PlaySound
. ,
, false.
PlaySound.
PlaySound(":\\Windows\\Media\\3ByK Microsoft.wav",0,SND_ASYNC);
Microsoft,
Windows. .
PlaySound,
OpenDialog :
if (Openbialogl->Execute ())
PlaySound(OpenDialogl->FileName.c_str(),0,SND_ASYNC);
, - , .
. PlaySound ,
. ,
PlaySoundC'SystemStart", O,SND_ASYNC) ;
Windows, ,
.
PlaySound("C: \\Windows\\Media\\3By"K Microsoft.wav", 0,

SND_ASYNC I SND_LOOP);
Microsoft,
, . ( ), - ,
PlaySound(0,0,
SND_PURGE);
OnCloseQuery, Windows . , OnCloseQuery

, , .
PlaySound("C:\\WindowsN\MediaN\3ByK Microsoft.wav",0,SND_SYNC);
. .. PlaySound ,
. .
, . , , ,
, .
,
PlaySound. SND_NOSTOP, :
411
PlaySound(":\\Windows\\Media\\3ByK M i c r o s o f t . w a v " , ,
SND_SYNC I SND_NOSTOP)
, ,
, PlaySound false.
, .. .
. C++Builder
MediaPlayer -
-. . 6.2.4.
6,2.2
. ,
, .
, , ,
- . . , , C++Builder . .
, . , - -
,
. , Windows .
. , - , :
, .
. Image,
Button Timer. . Image, (. 6.16).
. 6.16

'""""""""Hiinlff
. , Interval
, , 500 ( , 0,5 ). Enabled false. .
. .

void
f a s t c a l l Draw();
412
, . :
short
short
short
short
short
short
short
short
short
int
int
int
int
int
int
int
int
int
num = 0;
H=20;
Xpos = 2 * H;
Ypos = 120;
Hmen = 30;
Rhead = 10;
Rhead2 = Rhead
revers = 1;
L = H * 1.41;
//
//
//
//
//
2; //
//
//

""

void
fastcall TForml::Draw()
{
short int Yhead;
//
switch (num)
case 0:
Yhead = Ypos-H-Hmen;
Imagel->Canvas->MoveTo(Xpos-H,Ypos);
lmagel->Canvas->LineTo(Xpos,Ypos-H);
//
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo (Xpos+H,Ypos);
//
Imagel->Canvas->MoveTo(Xpos,Ypos-H);
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(Xpos,Yhead);
//
Imagel->Canvas->MoveTo(Xpos+revers*H, Yhead-H) ;
Iraagel->Canvas->LineTo(Xpos,Yhead+4);
//
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse (Xpos+revers*H-Rhead2,Yhead-H-Rhead2,
Xpos+revers*H+Rhead2,Yhead-H+Rhead2);
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(Xpos+revers*H,Yhead+H); //
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse (Xpos+revers*H-Rhead2,Yhead+H-Rhead2,
Xpos+revers*H+Rhead2,Yhead+H+Rhead2);
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse(Xpos-Rhead,Yhead, Xpos+Rhead,
Yhead-2*Rhead);
Imagel->Canvas->Rectangle(Xpos-Rhead,Yhead-2*Rhead-l,
Xpos+Rhead,Yhead-2*Rhead-4);
//
break;
case 1:
Yhead
Ypos-L-Hmen;
Imagel >Canvas->MoveTo(Xpos,Ypos);
Imagel >Canvas->LineTo(Xpos,Yhead);
Imagel >Canvas->MoveTo(Xpos,Yhead+4);
Imagel >Canvas->LineTo (Xpos+revers*L,Yhead+4);
Imagel >Canvas->Ellipse(Xpos + revers*L-Rhead2, Yhead+4-Rhead2,
Xpos+revers*L+Rhead2,Yhead+4+Rhead2);
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse(Xpos-Rhead,Yhead,Xpos+Rhead,
Yhead-2*Rhead);
Imagel->Canvas->Rectangle(Xpos-H / 2,Yhead-2*Rhead-l,
Xpos+H / 2,Yhead-2*Rhead-4);
//
void
fastcall TForml::TimerlTimer(TObject *Sender)
{
Draw () ;
if ((Xpos >= Imagel->Picture->Width-H)||(Xpos <= H))
revers = -revers;
Xpos = Xpos + revers * H;
num = 1 - num;
Draw ();

void
fastcall TForml::BRunClick(TObject *Sender)
(
Timerl->Enabled = ! Timerl->Enabled;
)
//
void
{
Imagel->Canvas->MoveTo (0,Ypos + 3);
Imagel->Canvas->Pen->Width = 4;
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(Imagel->ClientWidth,Ypos+3); //
Imagel->Canvas->Pen->Mode = pmNotXor;
Draw();
)
FormCreate, OnCreate . , , . pmNotXor. Draw,

.
BRunClick OnClick . , .
TimerlTimer OnTimer .
, . Draw.
, ,
. , . Xpos.
- Imagel , ,
revers, .
revers = 1, ; revers = - 1 , . Xpos revers * , ..
. num,
: 0 1. Draw, .
, Draw,
. , .
num , Xpos revers.
.
. .
.
, .
. , .
. . - . , FormCreate
, :
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color = 0;
Imagel->Canvas->Rectangle(90,0,200,100);
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color = clWhite;
. , . 6.17. . -,
414
, .
. ,
OpenPictureDialog
FormCreate
if
(OpenPictureDialogl->Execute ())
Imagel->Picture->LoadFroraFile(openPictureDialogl->FileName) ;

- , , , . 6.1-6.3. ,
.
. 6.17

?
- , ,
. - , , , pmNotXor .
.
File | Save Project As. File | Save As. , .
TBitmap:
Graphics::TBitmap *BitMap;
- ' , , . FormCreate :
void
f a s t c a l l TForral::FormCreate(TObject *Sender)
BitMap = new Graphics::TBitmap;

BitMap->Width = 2 * (L + Rhead);
BitMap->Height - L + Hraen + 2 * Rhead + 6;
Imagel->Canves->MoveTo(0,Ypos+3);
Imagel->Canvas->Pen->Width =' 4;
BitMap->Canvas->CopyReet(Rect(0,0,BitMap->Width,BitMap->Height),
Imagel->Canvas,Rect(Xpos-L-Rhead,Ypos-(L+Hmen+2*Rhead+5),
Xpos+L+Rhead,Ypos+1));
Draw();
}
BitMap
.
, Draw BitMap CopyRect , .
415
Draw . , ,
pmNotXor. .
Bitmap,
OnDestroy ,
BitMap->Free ( ) ;
TimerITimer :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::TimerlTimer(TObject *Sender)
(
Imagel->Canvas->Draw(Xpos-L-Rhead,
Ypos-L-Hmen-2*Rhead-5,BitMap);
if ( (Xpos >= Imagel->Picture->Width - H) | (Xpos <= H))
revers = -ravers;
Xpos = Xpos + r e v e r s * H;
num = 1 - num;
BitMap->Canvas->CopyRect(Rect(0,0,BitMap->Width,
BitMap->Height),Imagel->Canvas,
Rect(Xpos-L-Rhead,
Ypos-(L+Hmen+2*Rhead+5) ,
Xpos4L+Rhead,Ypos+1)) ;
Draw() ;
}
, , ,
Draw, , Imagel>Canvas->Draw, ,
.
BitMap>Canvas>CopyRect, Draw .
. . , . , .
, , .
, ,
.
.

. . , , , . , , , Bitmap, . , , Draw CopyRect.
.
, , .
, , ,
. . 6.16 6.17, , .
, .
, .

.
, , . , ,
.
416
, .
. ,
. .
.
. , . .
#deflne Pi 3.1415926535897932385
short int cadr = 0;
//
short int H=30;
//
short int Xpos = 3 * H;
//
short int Ypos - 120;
// ""
short int Hmen = 30;
//
short int Rhead = 10;
//
short int revers = 1;
II
short int L = H * 1.41;
//
short int Ncadr= 16;
//
void
fastcall TForml::Draw()
(
float Angl = Pi/4*(l+(2.*cadr)/(Ncadr-l)) ;
short int Yb = Ypos-H*sin(Angl);
short int Yt = Yb-Hmen;
short int X = Xpos-revers*H*cos(Angl);
lmagel->Canvas->MoveTo(X-(Xpos-X),Ypos);
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(X,Yb);
//
if (cadr != Ncadr / 2-1)
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo (Xpos,Ypos);
//
Imagel->Canvas->MoveTo(X,Yb);
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(X,Yt);
//
short int XI = X - revers * (Yb-Ypos);
Imagel->Canvas->MoveTo(XI,Yt+5-(Xpos-X));
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse(Xl-Rhead / 2,
Yt+5-(Xpos-X)-Rhead / 2, .
Xl+Rhead / 2,
Yt+5-(Xpos-X)+Rhead / 2 ) ;
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(X, Yt + 5) ;
//
if (cadr != Ncadr / 2-1)
{
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse(Xl-Rhead / 2,
Yt+5+(Xpos-X)-Rhead / 2,
Xl+Rhead / 2,
Yt+5+(Xpos-X)+Rhead / 2 ) ;
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(XI,Yt+5+(Xpos-X));
//
)
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse(X-Rhead,Yt-2*Rhead,X+Rhead,Yt);
Iraagel->Canvas->Rectangle(X-Rhead,Yt-2*Rhead-4,
X+Rhead,Yt-2*Rhead-l);
//
}
/ /
_^
void
fastcall TForml::BRunClick(TObject Sender)
(
Timerl->Enabled = ! Timerl->Enabled;
}
//
:____
__
__
-_
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::TimerlTimer(TObject *Sender)
(
Draw();
417
cadr = (cadr+1) % Ncadr;

if (cadr == 0)
if ((Xpos < Imagel->Picture->Width-revers*3*H) &&
(Xpos>-revers*3*H))
Xpos 4= revers*H*l.41;
else revers - -revers;
Draw();
)
//
void
(
Imagel->Canvas->MoveTo(0, Ypos+3) ;
Imagel->Canvas->Pen->width - 1;
Imagel->Canvas->Pen->Mode = pmNotXor;
Timerl->lnterval = 600 / Ncadr;
Draw();
)
sin cos.

include <math.h>
*.
FormCreate , ,
, ( Interval) 600 Ncadr, . , 600 . , , , Ncadr, 16.
BRunClick , .
TimerlTimer, Draw, , - . Draw
cadr
cadr = (cadr+1) % Ncadr;
' , cadr + 1
Ncadr, cadr 0, 1, 2, ..., Ncadr - 1,
0, 1, ... . cadr = 0. , , (
revers).
Draw. Angl, :
f l o a t Angl = P i / 4 * ( l + ( 2 . * c a d r ) / ( N c a d r - 1 ) ) ;
, 2 2. * cadr . ,

(2. * cadr)/(Ncadr 1) . 2, - 2 * cadr , Ncadr 1,
0 .
, ,
. ,
, cadr !=
Ncadr /2 1. , , Ncadr ,
14 C++Builder
418
. pmNotXor,
, . ,
, .
. . ,
.
6.2.3
Animate
C++Builder Windows .avi . Animate,
Win32 .
Animate
Windows ( , ..)
.avi Audio Video Interleaved. . ,
Animate AVI.
' AVI AVI, RLE run-length encoding.
TAnimate AVI ,
Shell32.dll, Windows 95 NT.
, Animate .
: FileName
CommonAVI. , ,
.
CommonAVI
Windows. TCommonAVI, :
enum TCommonAVI (aviNone, aviFindFolder, aviFindFile,
aviFindComputer, aviCopyFiles, aviCopyFile,
aviRecycleFile, aviEmptyRecycle,
aviDeleteFile );
TCommonAVI Windows , , ..
, .
CommonAVI, , aviCopyFile.
.
. Repetitions
Animate .
0 ( ),
, Stop. OnStop, , ,
.
Repetitions , . , , 3.
Active Animate true. (. 6.18), . 3 .
419

. 6.18

.

Next Frame ( ) Previous Frame ( ).
,
. ,
StartFrame , StopFrame .
Play,
:
void
fastcall Play(Word FromFrame, Word ToFrame,
int Count);
FromFrame ToFrame Count .

FromFrame = 1, . ToFrame FromFrame ,
FrameCount ( ),
. Count = 0, ,
Stop.
Play StartFrame FromFrame, StopFrame ToFrame, Repetitions Count
Active true.
Animate OnClose, OnOpen, OnStart
OnStop, , .
,
Animate. , ,
Visible Animate false. , , : , ..
, ,
. Repetitions 0, . Active false.
AutoSize false, Center true,
.
3 (. 6.19). (
BWind)
Windows. ( BStop) . ( BFile) , , .avi. ,
OpenDialog ( Filter)
*.avi|*.avi.
420
. 6.19
Animate:
Windows (a)
.avi ()
... ]
! Wirdows
Winobws
;|
S,op

. :
int i;
//
^
void
fastcall TForml::BWindClick(TObject *Sender)
(
Aninnatel->Visible = true;
i - 1;
Animatel->CominonAVI = aviFindFolder;
Animatel->Active true;
)
//
void
fastcall TForml::BStopClick(TObject *Sender)
f
Animatel->Stop ;
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::AnimatelStop(TObject *Sender)
switch (i)
(
case 2: Animatel->CommonAVI - aviFindFile;
break;
case 3: Animatel->CommonAVI = aviFindComputer;
break;
case 4: Animatel->ComraonAVI = aviCopyFiles;
break;
case 5: Animatel->CommonAVI - aviCopyFile;
break;
case 6: Animatel->CommonAVI = aviRecycleFile;
break;
case 7: Animatel->CommonAVI = aviEmptyRecycle;
break;
case 8: Animatel->CommonAVI = aviDeleteFile;
)
if (i < 9) Animatel->Active = true;
else Animatel->Visible = false;
//
void
fastcall TForml::BFileClick(TObject *Sender)
{
if (OpenDialogl->Execute())
{
i = 9;
421
Animatel->FileName = OpenDialogl->FileName;
Animat'el->Visible - true;
Animatel->Active = true;
OnClick BWind CommonAVI, 1, Animatel

.
OnClick BStop
Stop.
OnStop Animatel 1,

Windows, . ,
.
OnClick BFile ,
.
. ...\Examples\Mfc\Generol\Cmnctrls\dillo.avi,
C++Builder ( ., 6.19 ), .
6.2.4 MediaPlayer
C++Builder MediaPlayer - - . - System
.
(Media Control Interface MCI) 32- Windows.
. -, ,
. -, .
- . 6.20.
, .
. 6.20
MediaPlayer
'- ft
( ):

Play
Pause
. - , .
Stop
Next
Prev
Step
Back
422

Record
Eject
, .
- , : Play, Pause, Stop, Next, Previous, Step, Back,

StartRecording, Eject.
, -,
DeviceType. , FileName. DeviceType dtAutoSelect. , - FileName.
MediaPlayer AutoOpen. true,
- , DeviceType, .
,
(, . 6.21 ).
, Display ,
. , ,
. DisplayRect TRect (
) , . DisplayRect Rect.
. , ,
. ,
. ,
MediaPlayerl->DsplayRect - Rect(10,10,200,200);
(10, 10),
, 200.
MediaPlayer OnClick OnNotify.
-
enura TMPBtnType (btPlay, btPause, btstop, btNext,
btPrev, btstep, btBack, btRecord,
void
btEject);
f a s t c a l l Click(TObject *Sender, TMPBtnType Button,

bool SDoDefault)
Button . DoDefault, , ( true )

, .
OnNotify ,
- Notify true. - Wait. Wait
false,
, . , Notify
true Wait false, .
Notify Wait .
OnClick
OnNotify.
Mode, ..
423
, .
, ,
MediaPlayer. .
. MediaPlayer, MainMenu OpenDialog. OpenDialog , , :
(*.wav,*.mid,*.avi)
*.wav; *.mid; *.avi
(*.wav,*.mid)
*.wav;*.mid
(*.avi)
*.avi

: .
OnClick
MediaPIayerl->FileName
MediaPlayerl->Open() ;
OpenDialogl->FileName;
, . , MediaPlayer DeviceType dtAutoSelect. .

)
. 6.21
:
()
()
: .. Window. XP.wav
:
;
"< - i
-taixt
4>aun:F:VTasVMulliMediaMNTR0.AVI
:
:
424
MediaPlayer FileName,
.
AutoOpen true. , , , .
.
(, , ,
).
- - MediaPlayer, . (. 6.21).
(Labell) :. (Label2) , (Label3)
. (Label4)
Labell , .
, (. . 6.21),
.
, ,
.
#include " f i l e c t r l . h p p "
Ansi$tring ModeStr[7] =
{"He "/ "","",
"","","",""};
A n s i s t r i n g ButtonStr[9] =
{"","","",
"","","","",
"",""};
/ /
_.
void
(
Label4->Caption = MinimizeName(MediaPlayerl->FileName,
Label4->Canvas,200);
Label2->Caption = ": " + ModeStr[MediaPlayerl->Mode];
MediaPlayerl->Notif = true;
(
//_
void
fastcall TForml::OpenClick(TObject *Sender)
if
(OpenDialogl->Execute0)
MediaPlayerl->FileName = OpenDialogl->FileName;
Label4->Caption = MinimizeName(MediaPlayerl->FileName/
Label4->Canvas,200);
MediaPlayerl->Open();
MediaPlayerl->Notify = t r u e ;
}
}
/
void
fastcall TForml::MediaPlayerlNotif(TObject *Sender)
{
Label2->Caption = ": "+ModeStr[MediaPlayerl->Mode];
// Notify,
//
MediaPlayerl->Notify = true;
(
//
void
fastcall TForml::MediaPlayerlClick(TObject 'Sender,
TMPBtnType Button, bool SDoDefault)
{
Label3->Caption = ": " + ButtonStr[Button];
// Notify, OnNotify
MediaPlayerl->Notify = true;
425
FileName MediaPlayerl , MediaPlayerl, .. . . FormCreate OriCreate , LabeI4 Label2 . MinimizeName, (. . 6.21) ,

( 200 ). ,

include
"filectrl.hpp"

, (OpenClick), - (MediaPlayerlClick), (MediaPlayerlNotify).
MediaPlayerl->Notif = true/
OnNotify .
(. 6.21).
, , .. .
, ,

7.1
, , ,
. , . ,
, . , , . ,
.
.
, , .
-, . .
. 7.2.
() .
, . : OLE, DDE, COM, Windows. . 7.4, 7.5, 7.7, 7.8.
(tread). , . , . .
(
), , .
Word, , , .
( ),
.
. 7.6.
. 1.4.

: . 7.8 CORBA . 7.10.
7.2
, ..
, . ,
C+4-Builder -
428
- MS-DOS Windows
, .

, C++.
-.
, , - . , Windows ,
- , , .
C++Builder . .
7.2.1 execlp
execlp
, .
. ,
.
execlp process.h (
#include) :
int execlp(char
*path,
char *argO,*argl,
...,
*argn,
NULL)
path , . path ,
. ,
, . ,
. . , .com . path ,
. ,
, PATH.
argO argn ,
.
argO. path. , . , , .
, , , , argl. execlp NULL .
execlp 0 ,
- 1 .
execlp.
i f ( e x e c l p ( " F l . e x e " , " F l . e x e " , NULL))
ShowMessage(" F l . e x e ");

Fl.exe. , PATH.
execlp -1 ShowMessage.
, , Fl.exe .
e x e c l p ( " n c " , " " , NULL);
, ,
429
Norton Commander ( .),

PATH.
char * prog = "command.com";

e x e c l p ( p r o g , p r o g , NULL);
DOS, command.com PATH.
execlp("Winword","Winword", " F l . d o c " , "F2.doc", NULL))
Word Fl.doc F2.doc.

execlp , 8 . . 16,
. 16.6.2, [1] [3].
execlp, ,
, .
,

. : ,
execlp .
. . , .
, execlp:
- ,
,
7.2.2 spawnlp
spawnlp execlp,
.
process.h stdio.h. :
int
s p a w n l p ( i n t mode,
char *path,
char *argO,
argl,
...,
argn,
NULL)
spawnlp execlp mode,

, . , , ( . . 16,
. 16.6.2):
P_WAIT
, .
P_NOWAIT
.
16- Windows DOS.
P_DETACH
P_NOWAIT,
,
.
.
, execlp.
PJJVERLAY
430
7
.
if(spawnlp(P_WAIT,"arj","arj","e doc.arj a l . t x t " ,
11
ShowMessage(" arj );
else
{
Memol->Clear();
Memol->Lines->LoadFromFile("al.txt");
DeleteFile("al.txt");
)
NULL))
arj, doc.arj al.txt. , arj , Memol .

, , . , :
if(spawnlp(P_WAIT,"arj","arj","e","doc.arj","al.txt",
NULL))
, ,
execlp, . spawnlp ,
P_WAIT, , .
,
. , arj,
DOS. DOS,
DOS, , . , , .
, , arj.bat :
@echo off
a r j . e x e e doc %1
exit
exit DOS.
, :
if(spawnlp(P_WAIT,"arj.bat","arj.bat","al.txt",
NULL))
arj.bat , .

,
DOS. , .
spawnlp. ,
.
. .
POverlay. , , , OMenage. . ,
.
:
, ,
431
include <vcl.h>
pragma h d r s t o p
include < p r o c e s s . h >
WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPSTR lpCmdLine, i n t )
(
spawnlp(P_WAIT,lpCmdLine,lpCmdLine,
NULL);
spawnlp(P_OVERLAY,"POverlay.exe","POverlay.exe",
NULL);
return 0;
)
spawnlp
, lpCmdLine.
spawnlp
POverlay.exe.
, POverlay
Editl.
:
if(spawnlp(P_OVERLA.,"OMenage.exe","OMenage.exe",Editl->Text,
ShowMessage(" " + E d i t l - > T e x t + " ;"+
" OMenage.exe");
NULL))
POverlay ( 10 ) OMenage.exe,
. OMenage.exe ,
POverlay. , POverlay, OMenage.exe.
: POverlay Editl . .
POverlay :
include <vcl.h>
pragma hdrstop
USERESC POverlay. res") ;
USEFORM("UOverlayl.cpp", Forml);
include "UOverlayl.h" //
/
WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE, HINSTANCE, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int)

{
try
f
Application->Initialize();
Application->CreateForm( classid (TForml) , .SForml) ;
Forml->Editl->Text - lpCmdLine; // Editl
Application->Run();
}
catch
(Exception -exception)
Application->ShowException(êxception) ;
)
'
'
return 0;
, C++Builder, ( ): ,
UOverlayl.h, Forml, , Editl , .

WinMain lpCmdLine .
432
POverlay ,
OMenage :
spawnlp(P_OVERLAY,"POVERLAY.exe","POVERLAY.exe",lpCmdLine,
NULL);
, , , OMenage. POverlay , Editl.

spawnlp , 8 . . 16, . 16.6.2.
,
, , .
7.2.3 WinExec
WinExec, , .
Windows : Windows, MS-DOS, PIF .. WinExec :
int WinExec.(const char *CmdLine, unsigned int CmdShow);
CmdLine , , , . , Windows :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
, .
.
Windows, GetSystemDirectory.
Windows, GetWindowsDirectory.
PATH.
CmdShow Windows. . . 16, .

16.6.3.2. SW_RESTORE, .
, .
Windows, PIF .. .
WinExec , 31. :
ERROR_BAD_FORMAT
11
. (,
Win32 .).
ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND 3
, ,
433
WinExec Windows. Win32, Win32

CreateProcess, . 7.2.4.
WinExec.
WinExec("file.exe",SW_RESTORE);
file.exe.
WinExec("nc",SW_RESTORE);
Norton Commander.
WinExec("COMMAND.COM",SW_RESTORE) ;
MS-DOS.
i n t i - WinExec(Editl->Text.c_str(),SW_RESTORE);
i f ( i < 32)
ShowMessage(" "+ I n t T o S t r ( i ) ) ;
,
Editl.
(char *), AnsiString, .c_str().
, .
OpenDialog,
*.exe;*.com;*.pif;*.dat
*_*
Button ( ), .
OnClick :
(
i n t i = WinExec(OpenDialogl->FileName.c_str(),SW_RESTORE);
switch (i)
(
case 0:ShowMessage("He ");
break;
case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT:
ShowMessage(" " +
OpenDialogl->FileNarae);
break;
case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
ShowMessage("He " +
ExtractFilePath(OpenDialogl->FileName));
break;
case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
ShowMessage("He " +
OpenDialogl->FileName);

Windows MS-DOS.
434
7.2.4 CreateProcess
, WinExec, API Windows CreateProcess, 32- . C++Builder . :
bool
f a s t c a l l CreateProcess(
const char * IpApplicationName,
char * lpCommandLine,
_SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES * lpProcessAttributes,
_SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES * lpThreadAttributes,
bool blnheritHandles,
unsigned long dwCreationFlags,
void * lpEnvironment,
const char * lpCurrentfiirectory,
STARTUPINFO * lpStartupInfo,
PROCESS_INFORMATION * lpProcessInforraation
(). IpApplicationName
lpCommandLine. , IpApplicationName
NULL,
, lpCommandLine. : 32- Windows,
MS-DOS, OS/2 .. Windows -
MS-DOS, IpApplicationName NULL,
lpCommandLine. , ,
, IpApplicationName = NULL
lpCommandLine.
,
.. ,
. . ,
, WinExec.

.
. ,
C++Builder [3].
lpProcessAttributes, lpThreadAttributes, lpEnvironment, blnheritHandles
. ,
NULL, false. lpCurrentDirectory , . -, .
NULL, .
dwCreationFlags , . (, CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE ), :
HIGH_PRIORITY_CL AS S
, .
IDLE_PRIORITY_CL AS S

. .
.
, ,
NORMAL PRIORITY CLASS
435
REALTIME PRIORITY CLASS , ,

.
lpStartupInfo TStartupInfo, . cb .
, .
lpProcessInformation TProcessInformation,

. :
hProcess
.
, .
hThread
() . , .
dwProcessId
. .
dwThreadld
. .
CreateProcess ,
(true). 0 (false). , GetLastError.
CreateProcess ,
.
, , WaitPorlnputldle.
:
DWORD
fastoall
W a i t F o r l n p u t l d l e ( I N HANDLE h P r o c e s s ,
IN DWORD d w M i l l i s e c o n d s ) ;
hProcess , ,
hProcess lpProcessInformation. dwMilliseconds .
, , .
:
0
WAITJTIMEOUT
OxFFFFFFFF
.
GetLastError.
. , ,
- , .
WaitForSingleObject:
436
7
DWORD
fastcall
HaitForSingleObject(IN HANDLE hHandle,

IN DWORD dwMilliseconds);
hHandle , ,
hProcess lpProcessInformation. dwMilliseconds .
,
,
WAIT OBJECT .
WAIT TIMEOUT ,
, .. .
,
() CloseHandle.
, .
ExitProcess.
CreateProcess
, :
STARTUPINFO S t a r t l n f o = ( s i z e o f ( T S t a r t u p I n f ) );
PROCESS__INFORMATION P r o c l n f o ;
LPCTSTR s;
Startlnfo.cb = sizeof(Startlnfo);
S t a r t l n f o . d w F l a g s = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW;
Startlnfo.wShowWindow = SW_SHOWNORMAL;
i f ( ! CreateProcess(NULL, " a r j a a l l * . * " ,
NULL, NULL, f a l s e ,
CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE I
HIGH_PRIORITY__CLASS,
NULL, NULL, i S t a r t l n f o , i P r o d n f o ) )
ShowMessage(" " + I n t T o S t r ( G e t L a s t E r r o r ( ) ) ) ;
else
(
if (WaitForSingleObject(Proclnfo.hProcess, 10000) == ,WAIT_TIMEOUT)
ShowMessage("3a 10 . ");
CloseHandle(Proclnfo.hProcess);
7.2.5
ShellExecute
ShellExecute ,
.
. , , .doc,
Word. , , file.doc Word file.doc. ShellExecute ' .
,
.
ShellExecute
include "ShellAPI.h"
, ,
437
ShellAPI, .
C++Builder .
ShellExecute API Windows
:
void ShellExecute(HWnd Wnd, const char * Operation,
const char *FileName, const char *Parameters,
const char *Directory, unsigned int ShowCmd);
Wnd , . Handle.
Operation , . open
() print (). 32- Windows
: explore () Windows
. Operation NULL, open.
FileName , .
Parameters , , FileName
. FileName , , NULL.
Directory , .
ShowCmd . , . 16,
. 16.6.3.2. , WinExec,
SW_RESTORE,
. ,
. Windows, PIF .. .
ShellExecute. file.doc, .. Word (
.doc), . :
ShellExecute(Handle,NULL,"file.doc",NULL,NULL,SW_RESTORE) ;
, , , Operation:
ShellExecute(Handle,"print","file.doc",NULL,NULL,SW_RESTORE);
.
Word, .doc, file.doc, Word
, file.doc Word.
Windows :
S h e l l E x e c u t e ( H a n d l e , " o p e n " , " C a l c " , N U L L , N U L L , SW_RESTORE) ;
c:\Program Files\Borland:
ShellExecute(Handle,"open","c:\\Program Files\\Borland",
NULL,NULL,SW_RESTORE);

ShellExecute (Handle, " e x p l o r e " , " c : \\Program F i l e s W B o r l a n d " ,
NULL,NULL,SW_RESTORE) ;
c:\Program Files\Borland.
438
ShellExecute .
, , GetLastError:
DWORD GetLastError(VOID)
, ShellExecute .
.
, , SetLastError:
VOID SetLastError(DWORD dwErrCode)
dwErrCode .
.
ShellExecute ,
, . , - ,
, - .
FindExecutable, , . , , SkellAPI.
FindExecutable :
void FindExecutable (const char *FileName,
const char *Directory, char *Buffer);
., ,
FileName. Directory
.
. Buffer
, , FileName.
FindExecutable ,
32. , .
, .
FindExecutable.
char APchar[254];
FindExecutable("Doc.doc",NULL,APchar);
, APchar ,
Doc.doc, :
C:\\PROGRAM FILESWMICROSOFT OFFICE\\OFFICE\\WINWORD.EXE
, Doc.doc .
FindExecutable GetLastError.
32, . , , :
i n t i = GetLastError();
if (i <= 32)
ShowMessage(" , "+IntToStr ( i ) ) ;
, ,
439
7.3
7.3.1
7.2 . . API Windows , . . .
FindWindow, :
HWND FindWindow (const char *lpClassName,
const char *lpWindowName);
lpClassName ,
. lpWindowName , ( Caption ,
). NULL, , .
, , . NULL.
, .
, , , . , ,
HWND = FindWindow("TForml"," 2") ;
, TForm.1, Caption 2.
, , ,
, , . , , Windows , - .
, , ,
, ..?
- C++Builder WinSight 32 ( ...\Program Files\Borland\CBuilder6\Bin\ws32.exe). ,
WinSight 32, Spy | Find Window
, Windows. ,
,
.
, ,
"{ }"
. , ,
WinSight 32 ,
SciCalc. ,
:
HWND = F i n d W i n d o w ( " S c i C a l c " , " " ) ;
GetNextWindow API Windows. :

HWND GetNextwindow(hWnd hWnd, u n s i g n e d i n t wCmd);
Z-. hWnd , . wCmd . wCmd = GW_HWNDNEXT,
440
, . wCmd = GW_HWNDPREV,
, .
Z- , .
, .
, .
( wCmd), 0.
GetNextWindow
. API
Windows GetWindowText. , , . :
i n t GetWindowText(HWND hWnd,
char * l p S t r i n g ,
i n t nMaxCount);
hWnd . IpString ,
. nMaxCount . ,
.
,
, . , .
, : .
:
HWND H =Handle;
char Pch[128];
do
(
H = GetNextWindow (H, GW_HWNDNEXT) ;
GetWindowText(H,Poh, 128) ;
if(CompareText(Pch, "") )
break;
) while (H != NULL);
if (H != NULL)

Handle . , Z-, . CompareText, , Pch, .
, CompareText . , C++ , if
:
if( ! CompareText(Pch, ""))
, . ,
, .
NULL, . - ,
, .
, ,
441
7.3.2 API Windows
API Windows, .
Close Window
. :
bool CloseWindow(HWND hWnd)
hWnd .
. . , , ,
CloseWindow (FindWindow("SciCalc","") ) ;
FindWindow.
CloseWindow , .
DestroyWindow, .
Enable Window .
:
b o o l EnableWindow(HWND hWnd, b o o l b E n a b l e ) ;
hWnd , . : true , false .

, , ,
.
EnableWindow .
, , / - ,
, .
API Windows .
, , ..
...\program
files\Common Files\Borland Shared\MShelp\95guide.hlp ...\program files\Common Files\
Borland Shared\MShelp\mapi.h!p.
7.4 Windows
7.4.1 C++Builder
API Windows, . Windows. , ,
Windows.
Windows , , (messages). : , ,
Windows, , , , , , .
442
, , C++Builder , . Windows. ,
C++Builder ,
.
Windows TMessage,
. Msg , . Messages.kpp C++Builder ,
, - .
wParam (word parameter word) lParam (long parameter long)
Result. , C++Builder
int.
Word: WParamLo, WParamHi, LParamLo, LParamHi, ResultLo, ResultHi.
Hi
, Lo .
API Windows C++Builder . , ,
XPos YPos,
lParamLo lParamHi.
Windows . . WM_CLOSE, , .
. , . , .

.
, WM_ACTIVATE.
, . , ,
.
:
WM_ACTIVATE
f A c t i v e = LOWORD(wParam);
fMinimized = (BOOL) HIWORD(wParam);
hwndPrevious = (HWND) l P a r a m ;
.
fActive , .
:
WA_ACTIVE
(, SetActiveWindow ).
WA_CLICKACTIVE
WA_INACTIVE
fMinimized , , . .
hwndPrevious , , , , ,
, .
, ,
443
, , .
, .
7.4.2
API Windows , .
7.4.2.1 SendMessage, PostMessage Perform
SendMessage , . PostMessage, .
SendMessage:
I n t SendMessage(HWnd hwnd, unsigned i n t Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
hWnd , .
HWND_BROADCAST,
, , .
Msg . wParam
lParam . ,
, .
PostMessage :
bool PostMessage(HWND hWnd, unsigned i n t Msg,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM IParara) ;'
SendMessage, . , PostMessage
, .
hWnd Msg SendMessage. hWnd = NULL, (
) .
PostMessage .
GetLastError,
, . Perform, :
Perform(unsigned i n t Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
, ,
, C++Builder.
7.4.2.3
, . , Forml Form2,
, UlMessl U2Messl , PMessl. Forml
Form2.
include "U2Messl.h"
Visible Form2 false.
Forml , Show Form2
Close Form2.
Form2->Show();

444
7
SendMessage(Form2->Handle,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
WM_CLOSE (
SendMessage) Form2. SendMessage
, Handle. WM_CLOSE ; wParam IParam .
:
Forra2->Perforra(WM_CLOSE,0,0);
.
. ,
Show Form2 ' Form2,
Close Form2 . Forml .
, ,
Form2 Windows,
Hide. . ,
Caption Pmess2 (
) PMess2, UlMess2. , , , (. . 2.3.3). .
.
Forml
PMessl. PMessl Forml ,
Exec Pmess2 Close Pmess2.

WinExec("Pmess2.exe",SW_RESTORE);
, , PMess2 . . Close
Pmess2
SendMessage(FindWindow("TForml"," Pmess2"),
WM_CLOSE,0,0);
FindWindow
, , SendMessage WM_CLOSE.
. , Exec Pmess2,
PMess2, . Close Pmess2
PMess2.
.
(TForml) ,
. FindWindow, , . ,
- ? ,
Windows , ,
, ,
WM_CLOSE (, , ).
. . 7.3.1.
(, SdCalc
) WinSight 32
, :
, ,
445
SendMessage(FindWindow("SciCalc",""),WM_CLOSE,0,0);
, 7.3.1,
.
7.4.3
Windows . . ,
, .
Windows :
1. () , .
2. .
3. .
, :
BEGI N_ME S SAGE_MAP
MESSAGE_HANDLER(parameterl, pararaeter2, pararaeter3")
END_MESSAGE_MAP
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP ,
END_MESSAGE_MAP ,
MESSAGE_HANDLER .
MESSAGE_HANDLER ,
, -.
Windows . , WM_CLOSE. , . , TWMCIose.
,
,
Result, . - , WM_ On.
, OnCIose.
PMcss2
Form2 PMessl WM_CLOSE, Forml. Forml
PMess2 Form2 PMessl Label 1,
, , . (
Form2; Forml Form2 Forml):
//' U2Messl.h
c l a s s TForm2 ; public TForm
(
published:
TLabel *Labell;
private:
void
fastcall OnCIose(TWMCloseS Message);
public:
446
7
fastcall TForra2(TComponent* Owner);
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP
MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_CLOSE, TWMClose, OnClOse)
END_MESSAGE_MAP(TComponent)
);
//
// U2Messl.cpp
void __fastcall TForm2::OnClose(TWMCloseS a)
<
Label2->Caption = "! !";
if (MessageDlgPos (" . ?11,
mtConf irraation, TMsgDlgBu'ttons () rabYes<< rabNo << mbCancel,
0,BoundsRect.Left,BoundsRect.Bottom) =- mrYes)
Close () ;
else Label2->Caption = "He !";
a.Result = 0;
)
U2Messl.h public ,
WM_CLOSE. OnCIose TWMClose.
private . , message .
OnCIose WM_CLOSE ,
, . MessageDlgPos,
, . Close. a.Result = ,
WM_CLOSE.
PMessl.
, Show Form2 Form2 Exec Pmessx PMess2, , Form2
PMess2 , ,
: Close Form2 Close Pmess2, . .
.
, .
Close Pmess2 , , ,
, Forml
Close Pmess2. . , , Close
Pmess2. , , .
, WM_CLOSE .
, , . (. 7.4.1) WM_ACTIVATE.
. , , fActive. WA_INACTIVE , . , .
(Forml Form2 PMessl,
Forml PMess2) WM_ACTIVATE. , , -
447
, ,
Label2, .
( Form2):
// U2Messl,h
class TForm2 : public TForm
published:
TLabel *Labell;
TLabel *Label2;
void
f a s t c a l l OnClose(TWMCloseS Message);
void
f a s t c a l l OnActivate(TWMActivateS Message);
public:
/ / User declarations
f a s t c a l l TForm2(TComponent* Owner);
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP
MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_CLOSE, TWMClose, OnClose)
MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_ACTIVATE, TWMActivate, OnActivate)
END_MESSAGE__MAP (TComponent)
J;
/ /
__
_ _ _
// U2Messl. cpp
void
fastcall TForm2::OnActivate(TWMActivates a)
f
if (a.Active == WA_INACTIVE)
Label2->Caption = " !";
else Label2->Caption = "! !";
a.Result = 0;
OnActivate , .
Active , .
.
PMessl.
(. 7.1),
, .
. 7.1
,
He !
! !
? jaxpaiTb. 7
, , , .
C++Builder 5, , ClassExplorer
(. 2.7.2). , , OnActivate. ,
View | ClassExplorer. ClassExplorer
New Method . , . 7.2.
448
. 7.2

MethadNa-ne JGrActvale
Add Class j
i;ijmenls jTWMAclivpleS a
. Mftfhod type
. . .
f un2bon Coiusruccf f He&iuctai
Funoicn3esulC jid
Visibility
FVfc
Directives
absdaci
1
* "'""
'"" ~" * *
'.
i
]r] j
" lnolenrenta:jor.details
~
~ '"
CalW-enled
Inline
' ti ;
Fie: F.\Tessl\MESSAGES\U1MESS1 CPP
|
3 I
Published
"*
C3r,sl Q|
Rsse. ffl j
- "~
iUal|a
^!!?
!7 Message Hands piTACTivAT=
"
! Pte
QK j Cancel |
Ji
Appa
j !
, Message Hondler.
WM_ACTIVATE. Method
Nome OnActivate.
Add to Closs , ,
. Arguments ,
TWMActivate& . , Function. Function Result,

void. Visibility : public, private, protected
published. Directives . .
, . 7.2 ,
Apply .
, ,
. :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::OnActivate(TWMActivateS a)
(
//TODO: Add your source code here
)
-Do
List (. . 2.3.4).
To-Do List,
.
7.4.4
, API Windows.
, .

WM_USER, - .
, ,
449
,
#define WM^MyMessl WM_USER
#define WM_MyMess2 WM_USER + 1
WM_MyMessl WM_MyMess2 Windows. , :
MES5AGE_HANDLER(WM_MyMessl,- TMessage, OnMyMessl)
TMessage.
:
struct TMessage
I
unsigned i n t Msg;
long WParam;
long LParam;
long Result;
);
.
WParam
Lparam .
PMessl
Forml CSpinEdit , . PMess2, ,
CSpinEdit.
, UlMessl.h
, , WM_MyPost:
#define WM_MyPost WMJJSER

SendMessage(FindWindow("TForral"," Pmess2"),
WM_MyPost,O,CSpinEditl->Value);
! . :
, SendMessage WM_MyPost
WM_USER. , .
PMess2.
, :
// UlMess2. h
define WM_MyPost WM_USER
//
class TForral : public TForm

void
f a s t c a l l OnMyPost(TMessages Message);
public:
f a s t c a l l TForral(TComponent* Owner);
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP
MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_MyPost, TMessage, OnMyPost)
END_MESSAGE_MAP(TComponent)
// UlMess2. cpp
void
fastcall TForml::OnMyPost(TMessageS a)
15 C++Builder 6
Label2->Caption " " + IntToStr(a.LParam) ;

)
TMessage Windows.
, . ,
. switch .
7.5 DDE
7.5.1
(Dynamical Data Exchange DDE) , Windows,
, . , , ,
, . (topic). , , (items). (macros). : , ,
, , , DDE. Windows C++Builder, , System:
DdeCIientConv, DdeCIientltem, DdeServerConv DdeServerltem.
, .
, ,
DdeCIientConv. DdeServerConv
, , . DdeCIientltem DdeServerltem .
DDE :

()

.
7.5.2
DdeServerConv,
-. Name.
. . DdeServerConv
, DdeCIientConv,
- .
, ,
451
DdeCIientConv DdeService DdeTopic , . -,

DdeServerConv, . , SetLink. :
bool SetLink(const System::AnsiString Service,
const System::AnsiString Topic);
Service Topic
DdeService DdeTopic. .

ConnectMode, ^
ddeManual ddeAutomatic . SetLink DdeService
DdeTopic, . SetLink
DdeService DdeTopic
, .
OpenLink, .
, . , , ServiceAppIication. ,
OpenLink false.
CIoseLink.
DdeService DdeTopic.
, (
) .
' DdeService DdeTopic, ConnectMode = ddeAutomatic. , . , , , ServiceApplication (). ConnectMode ddeAutomatic.
.
,
.
, .
, ( ), . , .. SetLink OpenLink.
, .. , , , ,
SetLink. , DdeService DdeTopic ,
- SetLink. To , CIoseLink
. SetLink.
452
ConnectMode ddeManual, DdeService DdeTopic, OpenLink. DdeService DdeTopic

, ,
, SetLink,
. ConnectMode = ddeAutomatic, . ConnectMode = ddeManual, SetLink OpenLink.

.
ConnectMode
DdeService DdeTopic
ddeAutomatic
,
,
SetLink
OpenLink
,
,
SetLink
OpenLink
ddeManual
.
( BExchange),
- . DdeClientConv ( DdeClientConvl) .
.
DdeClientConvl DdeService DdeTopic, ConnectMode ddeAutomatic.
OnCIick BExchange .
- ,
, DdeService DdeTopic,
ConnectMode, ddeManual. , , OnCreate
if (! DdeClientConvl->OpenLink())
ShowMessage(" '" +
DdeClientConvl->DdeService +
"' '" + DdeClientConvl->DdeTopic + " ' " ) ;

. OnCIick BExchange
DdeClientConvl->SetLink (sServer, sTopic) ,if ( ! DdeClientConvl->OpenLink())
ShowMessage(" '" +
DdeClientConvl->DdeService +
"' '" + DdedientConvl->DdeTopic + "' ") ;
< >
, sServer sTopic
. , OpenLink. ,
I, , ,
453
. BExchange , OpenLink false , ,

. , .
, :
DdeClientConvl->OpenLink();
< >

SetLink OpenLink , DdeClientConv. , DdeService DdeTopic.
. ,
Clipboard. -, C++Builder,
CopyToClipboard DdeServerltem (
).
, ,
PasteLink DdeClientConv. :
if ( ! DdeClientConvl->PasteLink())
\
ShowMessage(
" , . " ) ;
, PasteLink DdeService DdeTopic

. ,
SetLink OpenLink, .
7.5.3
7.5.3.1 -
. , , ,
DdeServerltein.
Lines , , ServerConv DdeServerConv, .. ,
. ServerConv , ,
(Caption) -.
Text DdeServerltem
Lines. Text , Lines,
.
DdeServerltem CopyToClipboard.
Clipboard , : .
, , , , :
1. DdeServerConv Name
Topicl. .
'
454
2.
DdeServerltem Name
Itemsl, ServerConv Topicl.
.. Strings -
, :
1 Topicl Server
2 Topicl Server
, .
3. Edit Editl
Text DdeServerltem>Strings.
, , .
OnChange Editl
Itemsl->Text =. Editl->Text;
4.
5.
Itemsl.
1 2, DdeServerConv DdeServerltem Topic2 Items2.
. ,
Itemsl, Topicl Topic2.
*
Button,
Itemsl~>CopyToClipboard();
Clipboard.
. , . 7.3.
6. , Server. ,
, , .
7. Server 1. ,
,
. Itemsl
Items2 Server Serverl. .
. 7.3
- DDE
7.5.3.2 -
-.
- . 7.4. , , ,
.
, .
1. DdeClientConv
ConnectMode ddeManual,
.
2. DdeClientltem DdeConv DdeClientConvl.
455
, ,
. 7.4
- DDE
(Server
1 Topid Server
2 Topid Server
IcrpoKa 1 Topici Server
3.
ComboBox. , , CBServer. Items

: Server Serverl. ComboBox,
, CBTopics. Items :
Topici Topic2. OnOeate , ComboBox 0.
4.
Memo Edit. Memo

Edit (Editl) . Edit - , , 1.
.
5. Button, 7.4 , Clipboard, PokeData .
6. SpeedButton, SBLink
. . AllowAllUp true, Grouplndex 1.
.
.
7.5.3.3
RequestData DdeClientConv. :
char * RequestData(const System::AnsiString Item);
Item - , DdeServerltem ,
. RequestData
.

:
char I n f o [ 2 5 6 ] ;
if (( ! DdeClientConvl->SetLink(CBServer->Text,
CBTopics~>Text))
| | ! DdeClientConvl->OpenLink())
ShowMessage(" '" + CBServer->Text +
" ' ' " + CBTopics->Text + " ' " ) ;
else
456
Info = DdeClentConvl->RequestData("Items" +
IntToStr(CBTopics->ItemIndex+l));
Memol->SetTextBuf(Info);
DdeClientConvl->CloseLink();
)
SetLink OpenLink , CBServer ,

CBTopics. , Info char Itemsl Items2
. SetTextBuf Memol. CloseLink
.
, - DdeClientltem. . ,
. . Ddeltem DdeClientlteml Itemsl - . OnChange CBTopics
DdeClientIteml~>DdeItem = "Items" + IntToStr (CBTopics->ItemIndex+l)';
DdeClientltem
. Ddeltem
Itemsl Items2 .
OnChange DdeClientlteml
Editl->Text = DdeClientIteml->Text;
RequestData DdeCHentConv
DdeClientltem, Editl.
.
:
Memol, OnChange DdeClientltem.
OnChange DdeClientltem, :
DdeClientConvl->RequestData("Items"
+ IntToStr(CBTopics->ItemIndex+l));
Info Memol.
-,
.
( ) Server Serverl, . Windows NT/2000/XP, , ++ilder, . Windows 98 ,
C++Builder, , , Windows .
, . , .
, RequestData. Clipboard.
, Clipboard, PasteLink DdeCHentConv..
Clipboard
DdeClientConvl->PasteLink();
, ,
457
,
. Clipboard
Clipboard , ,
, .
7.5.3.4
1 . , , . . , , DDEItem DdeClientltem
DdeServerltem ,
. , , DdeClientltem .
-,
SBLink :
if (SBLink->Down)
(
i f ( ( ! DdeClientCanvl->SetLink(CBServer->Text, CBTopics->Text))
II ! DdeClientCanvl->OpenLink())
ShowMessage(" '" + CBServer->Text
+ " ' ' " + CBTopics->Text + " ' " ) ; }
,/
else
{
DdeClientConvl->CloseLink();
Editl->Text = " " ;
)
SBLink , , ,
. SBLink.
, ,
, .
, . . -, ,
. , -. , . - .
7.5.3.5
.
. PokeData,
PokeDataLihes, ExecuteMacro ExecuteMacroLmes DdeClientConv.
PokeData PokeDataLines , DdeClientltem . , DdeClientConv . :'
bool PokeData(const System::AnsiString Item, char *Data);
bool PokeDataLines(const System::AnsiString Item,
Classes::TStrings* Data);
Item DdeServerltem
, , Data , . ,
PokeData Data
, PokeDataLines TStrings.
458
true, .
- , , PokeData
:
if ( ! DdeClientConvl->PokeDataLines(
DdeClientIteml~>DdeItem,Memol->Lines))
1
ShowMessage (" , ' );
, ,
PakeDdta, , . DdeClientlteml>DdeItem DdeServerltem , , . DdeServerltem , Memol.
, ,
Memol PokeData. , Editl . . , (
) .
PokeData PokeDataLines
OnPokeData DdeServerltem , . , , ', . Label OnPokeData DdeServerltem

L a b e l l - > C a p t i o n - " : '" +
((TDdeServerltem *)Sender)->Text + " ' " ;
DdeServerltem, .
ExecuteMacro ExecuteMacroLines DdeClientConv.
, . . OnExecuteMacro DdeServerConv .
ExecuteMacro ExecuteMacroLines , DdeClientConv . :
bool ExecuteMacro(char * Cmd, bool WaitFlg);
bool ExecuteMacroLines(Classes::TStrings* Cmd, bool WaitFlg);
Cmd ( ExecuteMacro)
( ExecuteMacroLines), . WaitFlg ,
. WaitFlg = true, ExecuteMacro,
ExecuteMacroLines, PokeData, PokeDataLines RequestData , . , , ,
WaitStat DdeClientConv. WaitStat - true,
ExecuteMacro, ExecuteMacroLines, PokeData, PokeDataLines RequestData
, .
true .
OnExecuteMacro TDdeServerConv,
, :
void . . . ( T O b j e c t ' S e n d e r , T S t r i n g s *Msg)
Msg .
, ,
459
, .
- :
if(!DdeClientConvl->ExecuteMacro(EMacro->Text.c_str(),false))
ShowMessage(" , " ) ;
, .
OnExecuteMacro
TDdeServerConv. Labell.
OnExecuteMacro TDdeServerConv :
void
fastcall
TFServer::TopiclExecuteMacro(TObject *Sender,
TStrings *Msg)
(
if(Msg->Count == 0 )
ShowMessage(Application->ExeName + ": ");
'else
Labell->Caption = " '" + Msg->Strings[0] + " ' " ;
}
C++Builder ( ),
-
.
,/
7.6
7.6.1 TThread

(), . ,
, , ,
- , , , .. , . .
, .

.

TThread.
. TThread , . TThread , File | New | Other
New Thread Object.
(Class Name) , TThread.
(, ) ,
:
Unit2.h:
#ifndef Unit2H
#define Unit2H
#include
<Classes.hpp>
460
7
cla>ss T : public TThread
(
private:
/* protected
*/
protected:
void
fastcall Executed;
public:
fastcall T(bool CreateSuspended) ;
/*
*/
#endif
Unit2.cpp:
include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#include "Unit2.h"
#pragma package(smart_init)
//
//
//
Important: Methods and properties of objects in

can only be used in a method
called using Synchronize, for example:
//
Synchronize (UpdateCaption) ;
//
where UpdateCaption
//
void
//
fastcall
VCL
/'
could look like:
Unit2::UpdateCaption ()
Forml->Caption - "Updated in a thread";
/* : VCL
, Synchronize, :
Synchronize {UpdateCaption) ;
UpdateCaption :
void
fastcall
Unit2::UpdateCaption (!
Forml->Caption = "Updated in a thread";

*/
f f
fastcall T::T(bool CreateSuspended)

: TThread(CreateSuspended)
(
)
//
void
fastcall T::Execute()
!
//
Place thread code here
//
)
, ++ilder , , .
, ,
461
C++Builder , ,
( ), TThread.
,
. Execute, , . .
TThread . , :
fastcall
TThread(bool
CreateSuspended);
CreateSuspended .
CreateSuspended false, Execute . CreateSuspended = true,
, Resume:
void
f a s t c a l l Resume(void) ;
TThread .
TThread, VCL, new. :
*SecondProcess = new T(true);
SecondProcess->Resume();
Resume . -,
, CreateSuspended = true. -,
, Suspend:
void
f a s t c a l l Suspend(void);
,
Suspend, Resume. Suspend, , Resume. ,
, Suspended.
Execute ,
- .. - VCL , ,
. Synchronize, , . :
'
typedef void
fastcall
( closure *TThreadMethod)(void);
void
f a s t c a l l Synchronize(TThreadMethod SMethod);
Method , VCL.
, VCL
. ,
VCL. Work. , , private, , Execute , , Synchronize(Work):
Unit2.h:
class T : public TThread
(
private:
void
fastcall Hork(void);
protected:
462
'
void
fastcall
Execute ;
public:
fastcall
T(bool CreateSuspended);
);
Unit2.cpp:
void
f a s t c a l l T::Execute()
(
Synchronize(Work);
void
fastcall T; :Work (void)
t
Execute. .
Execute
Terminated (). false. -
Terminate , Terminated true. , Execute
Terminate true . :
void
(
do
while
fastcall T::Execute()
(! Terminated);
Terminate . Execute
, .
API Windows TerminateThread, . ,
TerminateThread((void *)SecondProcess->Handle,0);
SecondProcess. Handle () , API Windows. TerminateThread ( 0) . Return Value .

,
FreeOnTerminate TThread:
^ p r o p e r t y bool FreeOnTerminate
FreeOnTerminate true, TThread

, . FreeOnTerminate = false delete.
, ,
- , , , . , ,
, WaitFor:
int
f a s t c a l l WaitFor(void);
, ,
463
Return Value
. , , , .
, Priority. tpldle
tpLowest
tpLower
tpNormal
tpHigher
tpHighest
tpTimeCritical
7.6.2
- TThread.
, .
, - , . , , - , , . .
.
, . 7.5.
(Labell) . (BBegin)
. (BResp) .
. 7.5

File | New | Other

New Thread Object. (Class
Name) , , , MyTime.
, , , .., , C++Builder. ,
Time, , Time().
464
,
, .
MyTime. public
:
TDateTirae TO, ;
, , . TDateTime, C++Builder
.
MyTime:
f a s t c a l l MyTime::MyTime(bool CreateSuspended)
{
TMax = E n c o d e T i m e ( 0 ,
0,
10,
0) ;

EncodeTime , 10 ( ).
, . () UTimel,
UTime2.
Labell
Forml , .
UTime2 UTimel.
UTime2
include
"UTimel.h"
File | Include Unit Hdr.

UTimel UTime2,
.
Labell,
VCL, , . 7.6.1, Synchronize , , . private NewCaption:
void
f a s t c a l l NewCaption{);
NewCaption :
void
f a s t c a l l MyTime::NewCaption0
{
Forml->Labell->Caption = TimeToStr{ )
(Now()-TO));

. private Result:
void
fastcall
Result();
:
void
f a s t c a l l MyTime::Result{)
(
if
(Terminated)
ShowMessage(" ");
else ShOMMessage(" ");
)
Execute :
void
f a s t c a l l MyTime::Execute()
, ,
465
- Now () ;
do
Synchronize(NewCaption);
w h i l e (! T e r m i n a t e d && ( ( d o u b l e ) ( T M a x - (Now()-T0)) >= 0) ) ;
Synchronize(Result);
,
Now(). do ... while , ( , ,
Terminated true),
( Now()
). Synchronize Result, ,
.
. :
MyTirae Thread;
Thread MyTime. BBegin ( ) :

Thread = MyTirae(false);
Thread->FreeOnTerrainate = true;
, 1
false, .
FreeOnTerminate,
.
BResp ( ) :
Thread->Terminate();
. , - , , :
UTime2.h:
class MyTime : public TThread
{
private:
void
fastcall NewCaption();
void
fastcall Result();
protected:
void
fastcall Execute ();
public:
f a s t c a l l MyTirae(bool C r e a t e S u s p e n d e d ) ;
TDateTime TO, TMax;
);
UTime2.cpp:
include "UTimel.h"
fastcall MyTirae::MyTime(bool CreateSuspended)
(
TMax = EncodeTirae(0, 0, 10, 0) ;
)
//
void
fastcall MyTirae::NewCaption()
{
Forml->Labell->Caption = TimeToStr(TMax - (Now()-T0));
6
.
//
__-._
_.
void
fastcall MyTime::Result()
{
if (Terminated)
ShowMessage(" "};
else ShowMessage(" ");
)
//
void
fastcall MyTime: :Executed
i
TO = Now();
do
Synchronize(NewCaption);
while (! Terminated && ((double)(TMax - (Now()-T0)) >- 0 ) ) ;
Synchronize(Result);
!
UTimel.cpp:
include
MyTime
"UTime2.h"
*Thread;
void __fastcall TForml::BBeginClick(TObject *Sender)

f
Thread = new MyTime(false);
Thread->FreeOnTerminate = true;
!
//
,
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::BRespClick(TObject *Sender)
{
Thread->Terminate();
)
, .
, ,
. , ' , . UTime2 Result :
void
f a s t c a l l MyTime::Result()
(
if (Terminated)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
ReturnValue = 0;
!
else
{
ShowMessage(" ");
ReturnValue = 1;
ReturnValue
1 .
File | New | Other
New thread Ob|ed.
TResult.
. TimeS.
, ,
467
private Result2
Res:
class TResult : public TThread
(
private:
void
fastcall TResult::Result2();
int Res;
protected:
void
fastcall Executed;
public:
fastcall TResult(bool CreateSuspended);
!;
Res Thread,
Result2, ,
:
void
fastcall TResult;:Result2()
f
i f (Res - - 0)
ShowMessage(" ");
e l s e ShowMessage(" ");
!
Execute TResult : /
void
fastcall TResult::Execute()
{
Res = Thread->WaitFor();
Synchronize(Result2);
delete Thread;
!
WaitFor
Thread Res. Result2, Synchronize, Res . Thread,
. FreeOnTerminate false ( ). . delete Thread.
TimeS
Thread, Timel, TimeS Thread, extern (. . 1.9.5.4 13.6.1):
extern MyTime "Thread;
MyTime, UTime2.h, , :
include "UTime2.h"
, Time3. Timel TimeS:
include "UTime3.h"
TResult:
TResult *Result;
BBegin:
Thread = new MyTime(false);
Result - new TResult(false);
Result->FreeOnTerminate - true;
468
Thread FreeOnTerminate (false), Result true FreeOnTerminate.

, ,
, .
7.6.3
, ,
, .
, . 7.6 . (Timerl Timer2), (Labell Label2),
, , ( BResl BRes2) , (BSuspendl BSuspend2), ( BTerml 2),
. (BSync)
. , , ComboBox (. . 7.6 , )/
. 7.6
: ()

(6)
, .
. :
, ,
469
XJnitZ.h:
class Tl : public TThread
{
private:
void
fastcall UpdateTimer();
protected:
void
fastcall Execute();
public:
f a s t c a l l Tl(bool CreateSuspended);
TTiraer * Timer;:
);
Unit2.cpp:
void
f a s t c a l l Tl: :Execute ()
do
Synchronize (UpdateTimer) ;
while (! Terminated);
void
fastcall Tl::UpdateTimer()
{
Timer->Enabled = ! Terminated;
}
_,-
Timer (. . 3.7.8).
Execute, UpdateTimer,
Enabled true, , false
. , .
. Timerl Timer2 Enabled = false. ComboBox
tpldle
tpLowest
tpLower
tpNormal
tpHigher
tpHighest
tpTimeCritical
.
Unit2.h:
include "Unit2.h"
:
i n t i l = 0, 12 = 0;
Tl Threadl, *Thread2;
bool Terml, Terra2;
il i2 ,
. Threadl Thread2 - . Terml
2 , .
:
void
fastcall
TForml::FormCreate(TObject
*Sender)
ComboBoxl->IteraIndex = 3;
ComboBox2->Itemindex = 3;
Threadl = new Tl(false);
Threadl->Timer = Timerl;
Threadl->FreeOnTerminate =
Terml = false;
//
true;
470
7
Thread2 - new Tl(true);
//
Thread2->Timer = Tlmer2;
Thread2->FreeOnTerminate = true;
Term2 = false;
!
//
void
fastcall TForml::TimerlTimer(TObject *Sender)
(
il++;
Labell->Caption = il;
Timerl->Bnabled = false;
!
z/
_
_
void
fastcall TForml::Timer2Timer(TObject Sender)
f
Label2->Caption = i2;
Timer2->Enabled = false;
void
fastcall TForml::BReslClick(TObject *Sender)
{
if(! Terml) Threadl->Resume ()
!
/ /___
,__
___ .___ _____ _____ *
void
fastcall TForml::BRes2Click(TObject Sender)
f
if(! Term2) Thread2->Resume() ;
}
void
fastcall TForml::BTermlClick(TObject *Sender)
{
Threadl->Terminate();
Terml = true;
}
//____
___ ___ _____ _
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::BTerm2click(TObject Sender)
(
Thread2->Terminate();
Term2 - true;
}
z/
,void
fastcall TForml:: BSuspendlClick (TObject Sender)
{
if(! Terml) Threadl->Suspend();
void
{
fastcall
TForml::BSuspend2Click{TObject
if(! Terra2) Thread2->Suspend;

Sender)
, ,
471
void
fastcall TForml::BSyncClick(TObject *Sender)
(
if(Terml I I Term2)
ShowMessage(" ");
else
{
if (! Threadl->Suspended) Threadl->Suspend() ;
if (! Thread2->Suspended) Thread2->Suspend() ;
Timerl->Enabled = false;
Timer2->Enabled = false;
11 - 0;
12 = 0;
Threadl->Resume();
Thread2->Resurae();
void
f a s t c a l l TForml:: CotnboBoxlChange (TObjeot
*Sender)
if(Terml)
ShowMessage(" ");
else
switch (ComboBoxl->ItemIndex)
(
case 0: Threadl->Priority = tpldle;
break;
case 1: Threadl->Priority = tpLowest;
break;
case 2: Threadl->Priority = tpLower;
break;
case 3: Threadl->Priority = tpNormal;
break;
case 4: Threadl->Priority = tpHigher;
break;
case 5: Threadl->Priority = tpHighest;
break;
case 6: Threadl->Prxority = tpTimeCritical;
break;
void
fastcall TForml::CamboBox2Change(TObject *Sender)
{
if(Term2)
ShowMessage(" ");
else
switch (ComboBox2->ItemIndex)
case 0: Thread2->Priority
break;
break;
break;
break;
break;
= tpldle;
= tpLowest;
- tpLower;
- tpNcrmal;
- tpHigher;
" tpHighest;
472
;
break;
case 6: Thread2->Priority = tpTimeCritical;
break;
'
FormCreate
Timer , . FreeOnTerminate true,
.
OnCreate . true, , Resume ( BReslClick BRes2Click). ( BSuspendlClick BSuspend2Click)
Suspend. ( BTermlClick
2) .
( BSyncClick)
( ) ,
il i2 0 . ( TForml.ComboBoxlChange TForml.ComboBox2Chailge) .

- , Terml 2,
true BTermlClick BTerm2Click.
, . , (. . 7.6 ), . , , . ,
Suspend
Resume, .
7.7 OLE
, C++Builder
OLE ( ), . OLE 1.0
Windows 3.1 , , .
, . , Excel, Word, Excel , .
Excel
Word Excel.
. Word ( , Word
).
, Word .
, ,
473
OLE 2.O. ().

, ,
(. 7.8). . , , .
, OLE 2.0, OLE, .
, () ,
OLE. ,
, , Windows. , . , , .
OLE
, , , , . . .
/
OLE C++Builder.
System OLE
OleContainer , . .
OleContainer, MainMenu, OpenDialog SaveDialog. ImageList, ToolBar , .
, , , ,
.
, , (Align = alTop), a
(Align = alClient).
. 7.7.
. 7.7
OLE
QSMKT
MahMenui imagsLisEi SaveDialogi OpenDiabgl
MainMenu , , ,
. MNew, MOpen, MSave MClose.
Filter: OLE J *.ole |
*.*. DefaultExt
ole.
474
. Fname,
OLE:
AnsiString FName;
, , :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml: :MNewCliclc(TObject 'Sender)
<
if (01eContainerl->InsertObjectDialog())
{
FName = "";
01eContainerl->DoVerb(ovShow);
InsertObjectDialog Windows Insert Ob|ect ( ),

,
OLE OleContainerl. DoVerb
, . DoVerb . .
, .
, ,
, . , , :
void
fastcall
TForml::MCloseClick(TObject
*Sender)
01eContainerl->DestroyObject 0;
}
OLE.
, , :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::MSaveClick(TObject *Sender)
<
if (FName == "")
if
(SaveDialogl->Execute())
FName = SaveDialogl~>FileName;
else return;
01eContainerl->SaveToFile(ChangeFileExt(FName, " . o l e " ) ) ;
}
, (SaveDialogl), . SaveToFile . .ole ChangeFileExt,

(. . 16, . 16.5.5).
, , :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::MOpenClick(TObject ^Sender)
(
if
(OpenDialogl->Execute())
(
01eContainerl->LoadFromFile(OpenDialogl->FileName);
FName = OpenDialogl->FileName;
01eContainerl->DoVerb(ovShow); )
)
, . , ,
LoadFromFile. FNa-
475
, ,
. DoVerb , . . OLE.
, . . (Insert
Object), . 7.8. : OLE ( ), ( ).
7.8

OLE -
Id pd'"Md " I IUi "E-_Li

tX id pdMMd' 'itiu-1. 1 ' G dw i
^3MeK-wcrcFad
>
J
-**:
.r1
"1.
I
J
"
f
.
.
Word, Excel, , .. , , , Windows
. . ,
.
, . , MNewClick DoVerb.
, OLE . . ,
. , , .
MNewClick DoVerb, , , .
, . . . 7.9
Excel. - , ..
,
. , , ,
Microsoft Excel .
,
. , ,
OLE .
. 7.9, , Microsoft Excel, ,
. .
476
. 7.9

OLE -
OLE . . , . , Excel, OnCreate -

:
01eContainerl->Create0bject("Excel.sheet",false);
01eContainerl->DoVerb(ovShow);
,
CreateObject OLE. ,
01eContainerl->Create0bject("Word.Document",
false)
Word,
01eContainerl->CreateObject("PowerPoint.showt",false) ;
PowerPoint.

OLE. . 7.8 . . 7.8
(Create from File).
OLE . (. . 7.10).
- Word, Excel, ..
(Link). ,
. ( ) OLE, , .
477
, ,
. 7.10

OLE -

!
::;"
,

. ,
. , OLE. . ,
, .
OLE. , ,,.,
Excel, Excel, , Excel
.
.
, , . 7.8, (Create from
File), . 7.10 - ,
(Link). .
. ,
. , . , . , ,
OLE. , . - , , . , .
, OLE. , .
. , OLE,
- . CreateObjectFromFile: .
void CreateObjectFromFile (AnsiString FileName,
bool Iconic);
FileName . Iconic,
false, , , . , true, .
,
:
void
if
fastcall
TForml::MOpenFClick(TObject
Sender)
(OpenDialogl->Execute ())
01eContainerl->CreateObjectFromFi'le (OpenDialogl->FileName,
false) ;
478
7
FName = OpenDialogl->FileName;
01eContainerl->Repaint();

OLE , . 7.8 7.10.
CreateLinkToFile,
:
void CreateLinkToFile(const AnsiString FileName,
bool Iconic);
.
, . ,
OLE, , , . , SaveAsDocument:
01eContainerl->SaveAsDocument(FName);
CreateObjectFromFile, CreateLinkToFile SaveAsDocument , ,

.
OLE. , , . OLE
( OLE), . .
. 7.8 7.9, .
7.8
7.8.1
COM (Component Object Model )
() (). ,
,
. ,
: , , .
(
). . ,
. , , .
.
DLL. Windows
. CLSID (Class Identifier), . : (in-process ) DLL, , (local) , (remote)
. , . , ,
.
, ,
479
DLL ( ; . 8.4), . DLL, ,

. , .
, . Microsoft Word.
Word , . Word
.
, ,
.
.
.
.
, . . , , ,
, . ,
.
.
1.
1 . ,
, .
,
, , , ,
? ,
. IDL (Interface Definition Language).
. , I, GUID
(Globally Unique Identifier). GUID
. GUID . IUnknown. : Querylnterface
, AddRef Release
1 . Querylnterface IID. Release , , .
.
AddRef ,
. AddRef, , , , ,
AddRef, , .
IUnknown , , , .
. - IDispatch. ,
OLE . 7.8.3.
. ,
480
, . .
CoCreatelnstance CLSID
, IID .
, , ,
, .
, CLSID , .
IClassFactory. CoGetClassObject, CLSID IID
IClassFactory.
. CoCreatelnstance IID . ,
.
, OLE32.dll
OLEAut32.dll. API , .
, , . , , -.
BSTR (Basic STRing). , . , .
7.8.2
, 7.8.1 C++Builder.
Microsoft Active Template Library (ATL) . , C++Builder ,
.
. DLL,
. - , ,
-,
.
C++Builder , , , File | New | Other ActiveX ActiveX Library. , -
, , PMyComServ, MyComServ. C++Builder ,
.
. . , .
.
, , , . ,
. ; , ,
.
, ,
481
File | New | Other ActiveX

Automation Object . , . 7.11. CoCloss Name
MyObject . 7.11.
. 7.11

QjQass Name |M0bect

Threading Motel | Apartment
Options
"'
P GenaiateEvent support code
Threading model
:
Single
. , , .
Apartment
,
. (apartment) . .
Free
.
.
Both
, Free,
.
Neutral
,
, . , , .. . +.
Apartment.
Description . Generate Event support code .

, .
, , (. 7.12).
View | Type Library. , .

. , .
, , , ..
16 C++Builder 6
482
. 7.12

=3
*-i Add
intDiv
* Dvi
MyObejct
|T/p
Numbe.l o
l ng
Numbeu long
Res
float *
iModfe
M
[all
:
MyComServ, MyObject
IMyOb|ect. .
IMyObject Attributes . Parent Interface . IUnknown, 7.8.1.
. New
Method ( . 7.12) . .
Add . Parameters, . 7.12, ,
. Return Type . ,
HRESULT.
long .
. , Add HRESULT ,
.
Add.
, . Name (Numberl . 7.12). (long). Modifier : , , , .. [in]. .
.
New Interface ( ). . IntDiv. IUnknown,
. , ,
Div (. 7.12). HRESULT. . . ( Res) .
, float
"*", . 7.12.
Modifier. , . '7.13. 1
, .. , ;
, ,
483
. Out ,
. . , . ,
. C++Builder.
. 7.13

i W Oul
L.CID
Otf onal
' S t V a l Has Default Value
Dncd
, . . MyObject
Implements. Insertlnterface. , .
IntDiv. .
.
. Refresh Implementation ( . 7.12). . , , . ,
MyObjectlmpl.cpp.
:
STDMETHODIMP TMyObjectlmpl::Add(long Numberl, long Number2)
STDMETHODIMP TMyObjectlmpl::Div(long Numberl, long Number2, f l o a t * Res)

{
}
, . :
STDMETHODIMP TMyObjectlmpl::Add(long Numberl, long Number2}
{
r e t u r n Numberl + Number2;
}
STDMETHODIMP TMyObjectlmpl::Div(long Numberl, long Number2, f l o a t * Res)

{
*Res = (float)Numberl / Number2;

return S_OK;
}
. Add
. Div
.
, .
484
S_OK, .
, . . Run | Register ActiveX Server
C++Builder. To
. 7.12. uuid,
Windows. ( - ), Run | Unregister ActiveX Server.
, IDL
Export IDL . 7.12.
, . . Edit,
. , ( BAdd) , (BDiv) ,
. Label, .
. ,
. , . Project | Impart
Type Library. , . 7.14.
.
- , Add
. , ,
, . 7.14. Generate Component Wrappers. ,
. Create Unit . My corns erv_tlb.
, . ,
. Mycomservjtlb.cpp
GUID , . servjtlb.h
, , Add Div.
. 7.14

MSo
treDLL 1 0 Type Lb
i ray [VeaiD
i n 1 G|
MSWebDVD 1 0 Type Litcay fVesio
i n 1 0)
mmmdm 1 0 Libiaj iVeision 1.0)
MTS ZOAdmin lyx Ltbf-arv 1 1 0]
MTxAddln Tjpe Ubray |Version 1 0)
1
4JiMgr COM Addn Projecl |Ver*on 1 0)
1 ;Typ
"
. [TMyOb^ct
"3
Unitjr name ]D \Progfaw FitetSia^\C8uid'er6sirnterts\''W -j '
, ,
485
,

# i n c l u d e <MyComServ_TLB.h>
, .
Interfacel Interface2,
. :
f
#include <MyComServ_ILB.h>
<
published:
TEdit * E d i t l ;
TEdit *Edit2;
TLabel *Labell;
TButton *BAdd;
TButton *BDiv;
void
f a s t c a l l FormCreate(TObject *Sender);
void
f a s t c a l l BAddClick(TObject *Sender);
void
f a s t c a l l BDivClick(TObject Sender);
private:
/ / User declarations'
public:
,/
f a s t c a l l TForml(TComponent* Owner);
TCOMIMyObject I n t e r f a c e l ;
IntDivPtr Interface2;
};
Interfacel TCOMIMyObject. (smart) .

(, ) MyComServ_TLB.h. ,
. ,
, .
. , . Interface2 IntDivPtr. .
, MyComServ_TLB.h.
Ptr.
OnCreate :
Interfacel = CoMyObject::Create ;
Interface2 = Interfacel;
Create .
. Interfacel. .
, TCOMIMyObject, .
Interface2
. QueryInterface. .
, . :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::BAddClick(TObject *Sender)
{
Labell->Caption - Interfacel.Add(StrToInt(Editl->Text),
StrToInt(Edit2->Text));
486
//
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::BDxvClick(TObject *Sender)
{
float R;
(*Interface2) .Div(StrToInt(Editl->Text) ,
StrToInt(Edit2->Text), SR) ;
Labell->Caption = R;
}
, Add Interface!.. , .
, Interface2 . ,
R, Div. R .
.
, .
, , , ,
. , , ,
, . ,
,
, , , . 7.8.3. . ,
(. [2]).
7.8.3
7.8.2
DLL. ,
.. , . , , ..
.
, - . . ,
.
, , .
, Edit
MyServer (. 7.15 ). . - .
. 7.15
()
()
)
D ?
.. [
| 0 ePrnpertySel
, ,
487
Projectl. , . ,
. .
C++Builder.
. File | New | Other ActiveX
Automation Ob[ect .
, , 7.8.2. ,
(. . 7.11), CaClass Name MyObject.

(. 7.12), , , , . 7.12. , , . IMyServer, IDispatch. ,
SetVis. .
Vis, VARIANT_BOOL ( , ) [in]. ,
( true) ( false).
Mess. . , . Property ( . 7.12).
Read | Write ( ), Read Only (
), Write Only ( ), Read | Write | Write By Ref ( , ). , Mess.
Read | Write. : ,
. Mess.
. Attributes BSTR.
, . . 7,8.1.
Parameters
Text, BSTR * BSTR,
[out, retval]. Text, BSTR,
[in]. HRESULT.
. . Refresh Implementation ( )
. 7.12. . MyServerIm.pl.cpp
get_Mess, set_Mess
SetVis. . :
STDMETHODIMP TMyServerlmpl::get_Mess(BSTR* Text)
{
try
{
*Text = WideString((Forml->Editl->Text).c_str()).c_bstr0;
}
catch(Exception Se)
{
return Error(e.Message.c_str(), IID_IMyServer);
}
return S_OK;
488
7
STDMETHODIMP TMyServerlmpl: :set_Mess (BST.R Text)
{
try
{
Forml->Editl-?Text = Text;
}
catch(Exception Se)
f
return Error(e.Message.c_str(}, IID_IMyServer);
}
return S_OK;
};
STDMETHODIMP TMyServerlmpl::SetVis(VARIANT_BOOL
{
Forml->Visible = Vis;
return S_OK;
}
Vis)
set_Mess : Editl , Text. SetVis :

Vis. get_Mess . , Editl.
AnsiString, BSTR. . c_str() - AnsiString
char *.
WideString. Unicode. , , c_b s * r () - WideString BSTR.
. , . : Windows .
.
, . 7,15 .
(BGetMess) Editl , . (BSetMess)
. (BSetVis) (CheckBoxl).
.
Variant Serv;
void
f a s t c a l l TForral::ForraCreate(TObjeot *Sender)
Serv = CreateOleObject("Project!.MyServer");
)
//__
void
fastcall TForml::BGetMessClick(TObject *Sender}
(
Editl->Text - Serv.OlePropertyGet("Mess") ;
}
//
void
fastcall TForml :': BSetMessClick (TObject Sender)
, ,
489
Serv.OlePropertySet("Mess",
Widestring ( (Editl->Text) . c_str () } .cjostr () ) ;
void
fastcall TForml::BSetVisClick(TObject *Sender)
(
Serv.OleProcedure("Setvis", CheckBoxl->Checked);
)
Serv .
Variant. FormCreate OnCreate .
CreateOleObject Serv OLE , . CreateOleObject . . ,
. , .
BGetMessClick. Editl. Mess OlePropertyGet.
. BSetMessClick Mess Editl.
OlePropertySet. , '. .
AnsiString
BSTR.
BSetVisClick SetVis . OleProcednre. . . CheckBoxl->Checked, ,
, .
. , , : ,
, , . , .
, Windows . ,
. , .
, .
, , . Windows Projectl.exe
- .
: . , , , . , . ,
, .
, . . . ,
, - . , ,
490
, ,
, . , , ,
: RPC .
.
. .
void
(
try
f a s t c a l l TForral::FormCreate(TObject Sender)
Serv=Create01eObject("Projectl.MyServer");
)
catch(Exception S)
(
ShowMessage("He 'Projectl.MyServer'");
void __fastcall TForml::BGetMessClick(TObject *Sender)

(
try
(
Editl->Text = Serv.OlePropertyGet("Mess");
}
catch(Exception &)
{
)
)
ShowMessage(" ' P r o j e c t l . M y S e r v e r ' ");
, ,
C++Builder C++. , .
- , COM (Delphi, Visual Basic ..),
, , , . , , , , C++Builder.
, . ,
, . , , , , ?
.
, Microsoft
VBA. , , , ,
. File | Open,
Type Library, , , Word.
Microsoft Office, MSWord*.olb. Program Files\ Microsoft Office.
( )
,
Word, , .
,
CreateOleObject, OlePropertyGet, OlePropertySet, OleProcedure.
, ,
491
, Microsoft Office .
Microsoft , . 7.9.
, , , - , Microsoft Office. , , Windows 98, Windows XP.
7.8.4 ActiveX
ActiveX . ActiveX ., Windows
, (Visual Basic, PowerBuilder, Delphi),
, (. . 12).
, Windows
ActiveX, , , ..
ActiveX ,
- , . ActiveX
, ,
C++Builder. , ActiveX, _ ,
Microsoft, Word, Excel .
Web.
ActiveX. ,
,
, ActiveX.
. 8.3. ActiveX
C++Builder MonthCalendar (. . 3.3.3).
, Windows ActiveX.
, , , , , Word.
, File | CloseAII.
File | New | Other ActiveX ActiveX Control.
, ActiveX: ActiveX Library , ActiveX Control. ,
. 7.16. VCL Class Name VCL
(, ), ActiveX. TMonthCalendar, ,
, ,
. , .
. 7.16
ActiveX
,:'--: : -2SJ
i VCL pass Name-
JTMonthCaiend* [ComQrlsj
Hew Active N am*JMonthCae

l ndatX
I ImptematTlafonUrxt JHonthCalendaimpli.cpp
Protect Narre
|MonthCatondurKConlrol1 cpp
I., v , ,
I
Include Stout Bo*
Udp
492
Make Control Licensed

.lie. , ActiveX
, . - ,
.. Include Version Information .
(. 2.3.5). Include About Bax
. . , - .
, . C++Builder
, , . , -
.
Run | Register ActiveX server, Windows.
, Run | Unregister ActiveX Server.
, ActiveX ,
. , . . , Word. , ,.
Visual Basic.
Word , , . Word , .
, .
.
, , Word. ,
Word 2002, Windows . , 1
Word !! VBA, ,
.
. Word | | .
( )
. Microsoft Visual Basic (. . 7.17).
Project Normal,
Insert | UserFarm.
ToolBox ( . 7.17) , . , .
TaolBox Additional
Cantrals. ActiveX.
MonthCalendarX.
ToalBax. . Property -
.
FCalendar ( Name ). TaolBox , ,
. 7.17, ( Caption),
ControlTipText , .
Visual Basic. :
, ,
493
Private Sub CommandButtonl_Click()

Selection = MonthCalendarXl.Date
End Sub
Private Sub CommandButton2_Cliok()
Selection = MonthCalendarXl.Date - Date
End Sub
Private Sub CommandButton3_Click()
End
End Sub
Project (
. 7.17 MyCalendar)
(. . 7.17):
FCalendar.Show (modeless)
( modeless). , . , Microsoft Office 97 ,
.
. 7.17
Microsoft Visual Basic
3 -m
I DontCarnJl
, ( Run Sub/UserForm . 7.17) Visual Basic.
- . Word | ,
, , , , (,
Gr!-Alt-C), . , , .
, ActiveX. Word , - Ctrl-Alt-.
(. 7.18).
Bbi
. -
494
, . , ActiveX .
. 7.18
,
ActiveX
] 1 EIBSO
t
'
'
'
'
*!..'
' > . '
'
'
20.03.2002. 30.04.2002, .
41 ,
11
18
25
S
12
19
26

C|J
6
13
27
7
14
?1
29
g
15
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29
ffi
9
16
3
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17
?
31
20-0-20
Jj
ActiveX.
C++Builder ActiveX, ,
, Windows, - .
Component | Import ActiveX Control.
, . 7.19, . , , Add
. .
- ,
., Class names
, . Palette
page , . Unit dir name ,
ActiveX. Search path , .
. 7.19
ActiveX
sDltOutok View Control [Version 1 D]
j s d t Sdipl Control I D [Veition 1 0)
Microsoft Shell Conirols And AUomatiai Version 1.0)
Micrasrfl TeirmnalServieesAclive Client! G Type Library IVei
MicrasotnV Libia* fusion 1.0|
Mtootdl Windows Ccranon Contids G D Version 2 0|
'
j ;
, ,
495
Create unit . .
Install () , ,
. ,
. 8. . ,
7.19. .
7.9 -
7.9.1 - C++Builder 5
C++Builder 5, Word, Excel
, Word
Microsoft Office, C++Builder
, Office2k, Office97,
Servers. .
TOleServer.
, .-
. TOleServer . . ,
.
, , Microsoft Office, Windows Microsoft Office. C++Builder 6, , Office 2000, 97 .
, , Office2k Office97, . . Component [ Install Packages. , . 7.20. . . 8, .
8.5. , .
. 7.20

Boral nd Aciiorfiar Components
VjBoral nd ADG DB Component*
1 Boa
li reJ Base Cached CtentDatasei Component
ComppnertsS_ampje Package
*:- . i"_- * rS\BinSbc^?aKSKV6D bpl"
KNe 1
, :
| '
Hep
l
496
Design packages ,
Borland C++Builder Server Components Sample Package (. 7.20)
.
. Add . CBuilder6\Bin
bcb2kaxserver60.bpl Office 2000/XP bcb97axserver60.bpl Office 97/98.
, ( Design packages . . 7.20), .
.
,
.
, ,
include "Word_2K_SRVR.h"
include "Word_97_SRVR.h"

pragma l i n k "Word_2K_SRVR"
>
.'
pragma l i n k "Word_97_SRVR"
, . .
C++Builder 6. C++Builder 5 , - Servers. C++Builder 5
. , -
C++Builder 5 6 .
C++Builder 5 C++Builder 6 , .
, , Windows Microsoft Office.
, C++Builder 6,
, , Windows 2000/XP.
Windows 98 Microsoft Office 98 . CC3260MT.dll.
, ( CBuilder6\Bin) System.
.
,
C++Builder 6, . ,
, C++Builder 5.
Windows 98/2000/XP Office 98/2000/.
, Microsoft Office. -
, , Microsoft,
(
. - .
, ,
497
-
C++Builder. .

Office2k, Office97, Servers, , Word.
, WordApplication . .
Name Tag 4 (
- 3).
AutoConnect , . AutoCoiulect = true,
. AutoConnect = false, ,
Connect. :
WordApplicationl->Connect();
,
AutoConnect Connect. ,
- - .
AutoConnect ,
true , .. ,-
. AutoConnect = true .
ConnectKind ,
. :
ckRunningOrNew
ckNewInstan.ee
ckRunninglnstance
ckRemote
.
RemoteMachineName.
ckAttachToInterface
.
ConnectTo ( ). ckAttachToInterface
true
AutoConnect.
ConnectKind ckRunningOrNew.
( WordApplication Word ), . . , ( Word).
ConnectKind ckRunningOrNew,
. ConnectKind ckRunninglnstance, .
, , EOleSysError. ConnectKind = ckRunninglnstance, ,
, , , :
,
MOI
Applicationl->Connect ();
(EOleSysErrorS)
ication->MessageBox(
Word",
" ",
_ + MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
ication->Terminate();
EOleSysError ,
ConnectKind = ckRemote , . RemoteMachineName
, .
, ,
:
, - , , ônnectKind = ckRunninglnstance.
, , ) , ConnectKind =
Înstance.
, Connect= ckNewInstance RemoteMachi.
, , ckRunningOrNew.
5 ConnectKind ckAttachToInterface.
, Word Application, .
.
, ,
. , ,
, , . , ,
; , ,
- , Visible true.
- C++Builder 6 5. C++Builder 5 [:
jplicationl->Visible - true; // C++Builder 5
-+Builder 6 Visible, , ! .
set_Visible,
, false . :
>plicationl->set_Visible(true); // C++Builder 6
Disconnect.
, Word Application,
true, < , . true, , , , -
true,
Wordft
<

(
!
7.9.2
]
*

Applicat
Applici

CheckGr
!
npoi
'
Wore
"wore
Word
,
Docume

!
01

. !
!
, ^

,

if I
{
, ,
499
. AutoQuit
true, :
WordApplcationl->Disconnect();
, . ,
- , , .
Windows, - -,,, .
7.9.2 Word
, Word.
, , Word.
Visual Basic, Word
WordBasic. , Word .
, , , Word.
WordApplication,
Application ( Word),
, C++Builder. ,
Application Options , . CheckSpellingAsYouType
CheckGrammarAsYouType , , Word . Word. , :
WordApplicationl->Options->CheckSpellingAsYouType = false;
WordApplicationl->Options->CheckGrammarAsYouIype - false;
, ,
Word , .
Application ActiveDocument . Document, .
Word
Documents. ,
Word . Document, . Count
Documents. , , Word . ,
ASave, APrint APreview,
, ,
, , , Word .
:
if(WordApplicationl->Documents->Count == 0)
{
ASave->Enabled - false;
APreview->Enabled = false;
APrint->Enabled - false;
}
Document Documents Add Documents.
500
. WordApplication. : Template
NewTemplate. Template ,
. ,
(Normal). NewTemplate ,
( true), . NewTemplate = false, .. .
WordAppIication Office97 . WordApplication Office2k : DocumentType Visible .
C++Builder ( Text) OleVariant. -
, "
. EmptyParam
OleVariant, .
System.
, WordApplication Office97, , :
WordApplicationl->Documents->Add(EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
C:\MyTemplate\
My.dot, :
TVariant Template = ":\\MyTemplate\\My.dot";
WordApplicationl->Documents->Add(&Template, EmptyParam);
, :
TVariant Template = t r u e ;
WordApplicationl->Documents->Add(EmptyParam,STemplate);
0 false
(, 1) true. ,
NewTemplate :
TVariant Template = 1;
, .
WordApplication Office97. WordApplication Office2k
Add . :
TVariant Visible = f a l s e ;
WordApplicationl->Documents->Add(
EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,Visible);
Word Selection,
Selection , , . InsertBefore InsertAfter, ,
Selection. , :
WordApplicationl->Selection->InsertAfter(TVariant('\n')1;
WordApplicationl->Selection->InsertAfter(
TVariant(" " + Editl->Text + " ! \ n " ) ) ;
Selection , ... !, Editl.

,
. , , .. Selection.
, ,
501
, , . Selection , : Font ParagraphFormat . , WordApplication.

WordFont WordParagraphFormat.
. , , -'
Servers . ConnectTo. , . ,
WordFontl->ConnectTo(WordApplicationl->Selection->Font);
WordParagraphFormatl->ConnectTo(
WordApplicationi->Selection->ParagraphFarmat);
WordFontl WordParagraphFormatl
. .
Font , , : Name ,
Bold , Italic , Size , StrikeThrough ,
DoubleStrikeThrough , Underline , Shadow , Emboss , Engrave ,
Hidden , Subscript , Superscript .
Underline : wdUnderlineNone
, wdUnderlineSingle wdUnderlineDouble
, wdUnderlineDash, wdUnderlineDotDash, wdUnderlineDotDotDash, wdUnderlineThick, wdUnderlineDotted, wdUnderlineWords, wdUnderlineWavy .
C++Builder 5 . ,
WordFontl->Underline = wdUnderlineSingle;
WordFontl->Bold = 1;
// C++Builder 5
11 C++Builder 5
( WordFontl ) . :
WordFontl->Bold - t r u e ;
// C++Builder 5
C++Builder 6 . C++Builder 6 :
WordFontl->set_Underline(wdUnderlineSingle); // C++Builder
WordFontl->set_Bold(l);
// C++Builder 6
ParagraphFormat WordParagraphFormat
: Alignment . wdAlignParagraphLeft , wdAlignParagraphCenter ,
wdAlignParagraphRight , wdAlignParagraphJustify .
, C++Builder 6 5. ,
11 C-h+Builder 5:
WordParagraphFormatl->Alignment
= wdAlignParagraphCenter;
// C++Builder 6:
WordParagraphFormatl->set_Alignment(wdAlignParagraphCenter);
( , WordParagraphF
matl ) .
502
InsertBefore
InsertAfter. TypeText. ,
InsertBefore InsertAfter, . TypeText Replaces election Options. true, , . ReplaceSelection = false,
. ReplaceSelection = true.TaKHM
WordApplicationl->Options->KeplaceSelection = true;
WordApplicationl->Selection->TypeText(TVariant("
"));
, . , , ReplaceSelection, true , - .
Paste, Clipboard. ,
include <Clipbrd.hpp>
Clipboard ->Assign(Imagel->Picture);
WordApplicationl->Selection->Paste();
, Imagel.
Paste , TypeText,
ReplaceSelection: Clipboard , .
Collapse ,
.. , .
Direction Collapse , .
Direction = wdCollapseStart , Direction = wdCollapseEnd . Direction = wdCollapseStart.
,
TVariant Direction - wdCollapseEnd;
WordApplicationl->Selection->Collapse(SDirection);
, .
Document , .
WordDocument. , .. , WordApplication. ,
WordFontl WordParagraphFormatl, ConnectTo. ,
WordDocumentl->ConnectTo(WordApplicationl->ActveDocument);
WordDocumentl , Word
ActiveDocument, .
, WordDocument,
Range. . Range
Range,
. . ,
TVariant = 0, b - 10;
RangePtr MyRange = WordDocumentl->Range(Sa, &b) ;
MyRange, 10 .
, ,
503
Range Selection, . Range

InsertBefore,. Insert After, TypeText, Paste, Collapse.
Range Font ParagraphFormat, Selection.
,
MyRange->Font->Bold = t r u e ;
, MyRange. MyRange , 10 .
Document Content, , . Range .
WordDocumentl->Content->Font->Bold = 1;
,
WordDocumentl->Content->InsertBefore(TVariant("000\"));
.
Word
Dialogs. Dialog, Word.
WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Itern(WdWordDialog)
WdWordDialog .
, .
wdDialogEditFind
wdDialogEditPasteSpecial
wdDialogEditReplace
wdDialogFileFind
wdDialogFileNew
wdDialogFileOpen
wdDialogFilePageS etup
wdDialogFilePrint
wdDialogFilePrintSetup
wdDialogFileSaveAs
wdDialogFileSummarylnfo
()
wdDialogFormatFont
wdDialogFormatParagraph
wdDialoglnsertDatabase
wdDialoglnsertFile
wdDialoglnsertPageNumbers
, Dialog,
Show. , .
504
TimeOut
, . TimeOut Empty, .
, :
WordApplicationI->set_Visible(true); // C++Builder 6
//
if(WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item(
wdDialogFileOpen)->Show(EraptyParam) == -1)
// , ...
WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item(wdDialogFileSaveAs)->Show(EmptyParam);
//
*
WordApplicationi->Dialogs->Item(wdDialogFilePrint)->Show(EmptyParam);
. , .
. ,
Word ,
. , ,
Word , , .
,
Show , , :
-2
-1
Esc
>0
: 1 , 2 ..
, , ,
. , , Esc 0,
(.. ) - 1 .
,
Show .
- . :
if(WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item(wdDialogFileOpen)->
Show(EmptyParam) != -1)
Application->MessageBox(" ",
" ",
, , Document, . SaveAs, OleVariant
. , . SaveAs - :
TVariant FileName = "My.doc";
WordDocumentl->SaveAs(SFileName);
, WordDocumentl, My.doc. Wor&Documentl .
505
, ,
Printout:
WordDocumentl->PrintOut();
PrintPreview:
WordDocumentl->PrintPreview();

Word, WordApplication, WordDocument, WordFont WordParagraphFormat.
WordLetterContent. ,
.
7.9.3 Word
, ,
. ,
- Word. , - . ,
Woffl. , Word.
, , - , Word
. . 11, . 11.3 Word .
, . 7.21. .
( BInDoc) Word , . 7.22.
Editl, Memol,
tmagel. ( RGFont) ( RGAHghn).
. Word . Word . , . . Word
Word.
. 7.21
Word
! >
" \ ' ~

, '
.
CUXIMII
(* ;
;
506
. 7.22
,
Word
!

,
,

.

, . 7.15 WordApplication, WordDocument, WordFont WordParagraphFormat. .

.
C++Builder 6 ( Office2k Offlce97) C++Builder 5.
Office2k C++Builder 6. .
:
#include "Word_2K_SRVR.h"
// Office2k
//tindude "Word_97_SRVR.h" // Office97
{
published:
/ / IDE-managed Components
TImage *Imagel;
private: . // User declarations
void
fastcall Connect(void);
:
#pragma link "Word_2K_SRVR"
//tpragma link "Word_97_SRVR",
// 0ffice2k
// Office97
#include <Clipbrd.hpp>
void
fastcall TForral::Connect(void)
//
if (WordApplicationl->Documents->Count
0)
Application->MessageBox(" Word
" ",
_ + MB_ICONEXCLAMATION)
Abort();
}
// WordDocumentl
WordDocumenti->ConnectTo(WordApplicationl->ActiveDocument);
//
BInDoc->Enabled = true;
, ,
BPreview->Enabled - true/
BPrint->Enabled = true;
BSave->Enabled = true;
}
/
507
void
fastcall TForml::BNewClick(TObject *Sender)
{
// Word
// C++Builder 6:
TVariant Visible = false;
WordApplicationi->Documents->Add(
EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,Visible};
// C++Builder 5:
// WordApplicationl->Documents->Add(EmptyParam,EmptyParam) ;
Connect () ;
}
/ J
void
fastcall TForml::BOpenClick(TObject *Sender)
(
//
WordApplicationl->set_Visible(true) ; // C++Builder 6
// WordApplicationl->visible = true;
// C++Builder 5
if (WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item(
wdDialogFileOpen)->Show(EmptyParam) == -1)
Connect () ;
}
//
void
fastcall TForml::BPreviewClick(TObject *Sender)
{
//
Connect();
WordDocumentl->PrintPreview() ;
WordApplicationl->set_Visible(true); // C++Builder 6
// WordApplicationl->Visible = true,// C++Builder 5
)
//
^__
void
fastcall TForml::BPrintClick(TObject *Sender)
,
{
I
//
Connect () ;
// WordApplicationl->Visible = true;
// C++Builder 5
WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item (wdDialogFilePrint)->Show(EmptyParam);
)
//
void
fastcall TForml::BWordClick(TObject *Sender)
(
//Word
// WordApplicationl->Visible = true;
// C++Builder 5
i
i/
_ _
void
fastcall TForml::BSaveClick(TObject Sender)
(
//
Connect () ;
WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item(wdDialogFileSaveAs)->Show(EmptyParam);
1
//
_.
._
void
fastcall TForml::BInDocClick(TObject *Sender)
{
//
508
7
//
TVariant Direction = wdCollapseEnd;
//
TVariant snew - "\n";
Connect() ;
// Imagel
WordApplicationl->Selection->InsertAfter(snew);
Clipboard 0->Assign(Imagel->Picture);
//
WordApplicationi->Selection->Collapse(^Direction) ;
//
WordApplicationi->Selection->InsertAfter(snew) ;
TVariant(" " + Editl->Text +" !\n"));
//
// C++Builder 6
WordFontl->set_Italic(1); // C++Builder 6
// WordFontl->Bold = 1;
// C++Builder 5
// WordFontl->Italic = 1;
// C++Builder 5
WordApplicationl->Selection->ParagraphFormat);
// C++Builder 6:
// C++Builder 5:
// WordParagraphFormatl->Alignment = wdAlignParagraphCenter;
//
WordApplicationl->Selection->Collapse(SDirection) ;
//
WordApplicationi->Selection->InsertAfter(snew);
WordApplicationi->Selection->InsertAfter(TVariant(Meraoi->Text));
//
WordFonti->ConnectTo(WordApplicationl->Selection->Font) ;
// C++Builder 6:
if (RGFont->ItemIndex > 1)
WordFontl->set_Bold(i) ;
else WordFontl-> set_Bold(0);
if (RGFont->ItemIndex % 2 == 1)
WordFontl->set_Italic(1)
else WordFontl->set_Italic(0);
switch (RGAlighn->ItemIndex)
(
case 0: WordParagraphFormatl->set_Alignment(wdAlignParagraphLeft);
break;
case 1: WordParagraphFormatl->set_Alignment(wdAlignParagraphRight);
break;
case 2: WordParagraphFormati->set_Alignment(wdAlignParagraphCenter);
break;
case 3: WordParagraphFormatl->set_Alignment(wdAlignParagraphJustify);
)
/* C++Builder 5:
if (RGFont->ItemIndex > 1)
WordFontl->Bold = 1;
else WordFontl->Bold = 0;
if (RGFont->ItemIndex % 2 == 1)
, ,
509
WordFontl->Italic = 1;
else WordFontl->Italic - 0;
switch (RGAlighn->ItemIndex)
{
case 0: WordParagraphFormatl->Alignment = wdAlignParagraphLeft;
break;,
case 1: WordParagraphFormatl->Alignment = wdAlignPara.graphB.ight;
break;
case 2; WordParagraphFormatl->Alignment = wdAlignParagraphCenter;
break;
case 3: WordParagraphFormatl->Alignment - wdAlignParagraphJustify;
}
*/
//
WordApplicationl->Selection->Collapse(^Direction);
//
W o r d A p p l i c a t i o n l - > S e l e c t i o n - > I n s e r t A f t e r ( T V a r i a n t ( " \\"));
//
// C++Builder 6
WordFontl->set_Italic(l); // C++Builder 6
// WordFontl->Bold = 1;
// C++Builder 5
// WordFontl->Italic = 1;
// C++Builder 5
WordParagraphFormatl->ConnectTo (
-'
//C++Builder 6:
// C++Builder 5:
}
, , . .
Connect. , . Word ,
, WordDocumentl. ,
WordDocument
BPreviewCIick .
BInDocClick, . , , Clipboard,
#include <Clipbrd.hpp> Clipbrd.hpp,
Clipboard.
BInDocClick Connect.
Connect ,
, Imagel. Collapse
Memol
, Editl.
. WordFontl WordParagraphFormatl,
. ,
Memol . , .

. (
510
) . ,
, .
7.10 CORBA
7.10.1
CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) . CORBA
OMG (Object Management Group ), . CORBA ,
, .
CORBA .
. ORB (Object Request Broker). ,
VisiBroker for C++ ORB 3.3.2. Smart Agent
, . .
Implementation Repository
. VisiBroker
.
Basic Object Adapter (BOA)
CORBA . , BOA, . BOA Implementation
Repository. , . Smart Agent
Object Activation Daemon , .
CORBA .
, CORBA, ORB. CORBA (Stub). , , ,

. , . ORB
Smart
Agent . UDP. , . .
,
(scelet). , , .
: .
7.10.2 CORBA C++Builder

CORBA C++Builder . , CORBA
, . 7.8.
, ,
511
, , CORBA,
Remote Data Module Multitier C++Builder. , . 9 12.
, . Y.8.
CORBA IDL, . 7.8.
CORBA CORBA Object Implementation Multitier C++Builder.
CORBA CORBA . IDL,
.
CORBA, , Windows,
(Start), Borland C++Builder 6 | VisiBroker.
CORBA Borland\Vbroker\Bin.
, , (, ) VisiBroker
Smart Agent. ( OSAGENT.EXE, -).
VisiBroker Smart Agent , .
.
IDL. irep.exe ( ), Borland\Vbraker\Bin.
IDL. :
Irep.exe Projectl Project].. idl

VisiBroker Smart Finder, .
CORBA . , IDL, . ,
CORBA, .

C++Builder
Windows, . C+H-Builder.
8.1 - CLX
C++Builder 6 - ,
Windows, Linux. , , . ,
Linux, C++Builder 6,
Kylix, ,

Linux. , Kylix , , ,
, C++Builder 6
Kylix . CLX VCL, .
C++Builder 6 ,
Windows, , ,
Windows, Linux. , , ,
C++Builder, , , Solaris. , Borland
, , C++Builder 6 Delphi 6.
2.3.2.2 Windows. - , CLX. file | New | CLX Application
New Items New CLX Application.
, Windows, .
, Standard VCL - CLX .
, CLX , VCL. , C++Builder . CLX . 8.1.
. 2.1, , , VCL, CLX .
, , Quick
Reports. ADO BDE, Linux.
dbExpress.
514
8.1. CLX
Standard
, . VCL.
Additional
, . VCL ++ilder 5, Timer PaintBox, VCL System, LCDNumber, VCL. . , Additional C++Builder 6,
CLX .
Common Controls , Win32

VCL, . TextViewer TextBrowser
HTML, IconView
, SpinEdit,
VCL Samples.
Dota Access
. VCL, .
Dota Controls
. VCL, .
dbExpress i
dbExpress.
VCL, .
Interbase
InterBase. VCL, .
WebServices
Web, Web SOAP.

VCL, .
InternetExpress
InternetExpress
Web .
Internet
Web.
VCL, .
WebSnap
Web,
, . VCL.
Dialogs
, . VCL, .
IndyClients
Internet Direct (Indy),

Delphi, C++Builder, Kylix.
IndyServers
Internet Direct (Indy).
IndyMisk
Internet Direct (Indy).
, - , C++Builder.
.
C++Builder
515
, , Style () Application. TAppIicationStyle, .

,
, DefaultStyle. dsWindows, dsMotif, dsMotifPlus, dsCDE,
dsQtSGI, dsPlatinum, dsSystemDefault.
, .
CLX, , ListBox, . . 8.1 .
Edit, ComboBox, CheckBox, RadioGroup, ListBox.
Button SpinEdit. CLX: LCDNumber, TextBrowser IconView.
. 8.1
CLX :
dsWindows (a). dsQtSGI (). dsPlatinum ()

'
s [1
CMUoal
LCDMuafcai
T
<*!2
$ || 1
'
-:
.' '
.

t

'
i #| *
LCDNumber, , Value.
, , , . -
516
, .
TextBrowser HTML, . , , , , ..
Text Viewer, . FileName ,
Text.
IconView .
Items,
, . ImageList, Images.
, ListBox
( Items) , :
dsWindows
dsMotif
dsMotifPlus
dsCDE
dsQtSGI
dsPlatinum
dsSystemDefault
OnClick ListBox:
switch (ListBoxl->ItemIndex)
i
case 0: Application->Style->DefaultStyle
break;
break;
break;
case 3: Application->Style->DeaultStyle
break;
break;
break;
)
= dsWindows;
= dsMotif;
- dsMotifPlus;
= dsCDE;
= dsQtSGI;
= dsPlatinum;
= dsSystemDefault;
,
(. . 8.1). , , ,
.
CLX Windows . CLX . , TWinControl CLX TWidgetControl. : TScrollingWinControl
TScrollingWidget.
. CLX
(, Caption) WideString,
VCL AnsiString.
AnsiString .
Linux, Windows, .

.
C++Builder
517
, , COM, ActiveX, OLE, BDE, ADO Windows Linux . Linux Messaging Application Programming Interface (MAPI), Windows. Windows Qt.
API Windows Qt Linux. Windows BSD.
CLX DataSnap, Internet Express, Web Services
(SOAP), WebSnap.
DLL Windows Linux ( .so), , (position-independent code PIC). , DLL. He
, , .
,
Delphi Windows CLX .
, - .
8.2
, . . C++Builder .
. ,
, . Edit
, ,
.. , . , Enter . , , .
Edit. OnKeyPress
S e t <char, '0 ' ,
9 > Dig;
if
( ! (Dig ' 0 ' << ' 1 ' << ' 2 ' << ' 3 ' << ' 4 ' << ' 5 '
<<; ' 6 ' << ' 7 ' < < ' 8' < < ' 9 ' ) . C o n t a i n s (Key)
Key = 0;
OnKeyDown :
if (Key =- VK_RETURN)
FindNextControl(
(TWinControl * ) S e n d e r ,
true, true, false)->SetFocus();
, . 5.3.2.2,
, , , ,
Enter .
( Text) .
,
. , ,
Component | Create Component Template ( ). Component Template Information (. 8.2)
518
( ), ,
. . 8.1
EditNum. , . (
. 8.2)
.
( Change). , ,
.bmp 24 24. . 6.1.2.2
, . . 8.2 ,
. 6.1.2.2. .
. ,
.
. 8.2

?!.
Component & [EditNum
Eatettepage
Palette loon-
{
|5"~|
Change.
Cancel

. , ,
.
, ,
OnKeyDown OnKeyPress,
, .
, . ,
. ,
OnKeyDown OnKeyPress
. , , ,
.
, .
, , , , . ,
. ,

, 2.6. , .
. ActionList , . , . Hint
, , .
ImageList
519
C++Builder
. MainMenu ToolBar
.
StatusBar
ApplicationEvents .
.
.
. , , , . 4.
, ,
, Component | Creote Component Templote
.
! ,
, . . . .
,
, - .
, . Component |
Configure Palette. Polette C++Builder (. 8.3).
( Delete) , ,
( Rename) , ( Add), .
. 8.3

Hetneltxptess
Hetnel
WebSnsp
FestNel
Decsio
i n Cube
ORepoli
Dteo
l gs
Win3.l
Samples
ActiveX
COM*
S
IndfCtei*
8.3

8.3.1
, , ,
8.2 .
, - C++Builder
520
, ,
, .. , , . .
.
: , (, ,
), (,
, )
. , , . ,
.
TEdit
TEditLetNum. , , TEdit, : EnableNum EnableLet.
bool. ,
- , . , EnableNum = true EnableLet = true, .
EnableNum = true, a EnableLet = false, ,
. EnableNum = false, a EnableLet = true, ,
. , EnableNum false EnableLet = false,
, .
Clear
Modified, ,
. OnClear.
, , , . . 6.1.2.4.
C++Builder . ,
, ,
(, ).
File | Close All. :
1. File | New | Other New Items
New Package .
(Package Manager), . 8.4.
Contains , Requires , .
. 8.4
,

Compile
Options
Remove
Fles
31.

3 My res
Q Requires
"
Path
F \Tests\MyComponenE
F \Tests\MyComponent
521
C++Builder
2.
3.
.dpk,
File | Save As Sove , .
Add (), ,
(Add Unit), (New Component) ActiveX
(Import ActiveX). . ,
, . 8.5. ( TEdit StdCtrls Ancestor type), Class Name ( TEditLetNum),
(Palette Page), . , .
( Unit file name).
. 8.5

JSJ
Componenl i import ActiveX J
ae. JTEdit [StdCtris]
Ca
l ss Na JTEriLetNur
PeieliaPage |
_^j
yrut fie name JF "u'estt\MiComponent\E ALetNum CDP~
Sedipalh (|.|>||1<||( J|BCBo|9
4.
OK , . .dcr ,
.
5. Install () . .
, , .
(File | Save).
. ,
Compile (). .
.
1. Component | New Component ,
, New Component.
2. , Install () (. 8.6) : Into
existing package ( ) into new packoge ( ). , -
522
, Into new package. : File ... will be build then installed. Continue?
( ... , . ?). , ,
. (. 8.4).
. 8.6

Into enslrie package Into new package j

1 @enms |F KTesslSMyComponenftMy bpk
i $1: |
Cancel
. - , ,
Remove.
:
1. Project | Options kages.
2. , ,
Remove.
, .

. ,
. 6.1.2.4, . 6, ,
.
8.3.2
, , .
EditLetNum.h:
ifndef EditLetNumH
define EditLetNumH
include
include
include
include
include
OysUtils .hpp>
<Controls.hpp>
Classes.hpp>
<Forms.hpp>
OtdCtrls .hpp>
class PACKAGE TEditLetNum : public TEdit

private:
protected:
public:
fastcall TEditLetNum(TComponent* Owner);
published:
C++Builder
523
/ /
, _
#endif
EditLetNum.cpp:
#include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
include "EditLetNum.h"
pragma package(smart_init)
//
//
//
//
//
ValidCtrCheck is used to assure

that the components created do not have
any pure virtual functions.
( ValidCtrCheck ,
)
static inline void ValidCtrCheck{TEditLetNum *)

new TEditLetNum(NULL);
i
fastcall TEditLetNum::TEditLetNum(TComponent* Owner) : TEdit(Owner)
//
namespace Editletnum
{
void
fastcall PACKAGE Register()
{
TComponentClass c l a s s e s [ 1 ] = {
classid(TEditLetNum)
R e g i s t e r C o m p o n e n t s ( " ", c l a s s e s , 0 ) ;
, . EditLetNum.cpp : ValidCtrCheck,
TEditLetNum Register. ValidCtrCheck , , . TEditLetNum . . Register,
, .
namespace.
namespace .
, .
, .
Register classes TComponentClass . (
TEdit2), ,
:
TComponentClass
classes[2]
classid{TEditLetNum),
c l a s s i d (TEdit2));
RegisterComponents , classes ( )
( ). .
524
EditLetNum.h. private, protected, public published. , :

private
()
protected
()
public ()
published
()
, , .
, , .
.

C++Builder,

.
(. 1.2 1) (
) , .
. . , , ,
.
8.3.3
. private .
protected ,
.
, F'. ,
private :
class
PACKAGE TEditLetNum
p u b l i c TEdit
private:
// -
bool FEnableNum;
bool FEnableLet;
bool FModified;
. :
p r o p e r t y <> <> = (read=<HMH >
write=<MMH >
<
>;
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Get,
.
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, :
public:
//
property bool Modified = (read=FModified, default=false);
published:
// ,
property bool EnableLet = {read=FEnableLet,
write=SetEnableLet,
default=true);
property bool EnableNum - {read=FEnableNura,
write=SetEnableNum,
default-true);
Modified public,
. EnableNum EnableLet published, .
EnableNum EnableLet .
SetEnableNum SetEnableLet .
, ,
false. ,
.
Modified , .

, private ,
. , . .
EditLetNum.h:
{
private:
// -
bool FEnableLet;
bool FEnableNum;
bool FModified;
protected:
//
void
fastcall SetEnableLet {bool AEnableLet);
void
fastcall SetEnableNum{bool AEnableNura);
526
'
public:
//
// .
property bool Modified = {read-FModified, default=false);
published:
// ,
property bool EnableLet = (read=FEnableLet,
write=SetEnableLet,
default=true);
property bool EnableNum = {read=FEnableNum,
write=SetEnableNum,
default=true);
EditLetNum.cpp:
static inline void ValidCtrCheck(TEditLetNum *)
(
fastcall TEditLetNum::TEditLetNum(TComponent* Owner)
: TEdit(Owner)
(
FEnableLet = true;
FEnableNum = true;
FModified = false;
namespace Editletnura
(
void
fastcall PACKAGE Register()
(
TComponentClass c l a s s e s [ 1 ] = { classid{TEditLetNum));
RegisterComponents{"MyComponents" , c l a s s e s , 0) ;
i
)
/ /
_ _ _ _ _ _ _
void
fastcall TEditLetNum::SetEnableNura(bool AEnableNum)
(
// FEnableNum
FEnableNum = AEnableNum;
// FEnableNum FEnableLet = false,
// FEnableLet true
if (! AEnableNum)
if (! FEnableLet) FEnableLet = true;
1
//
void
fastcall TEditLetNum::SetEnableLet(bool AEnableLet)
{
// FEnableLet
FEnableLet = AEnableLet;
// FEnableNum true
if (! AEnableLet)
if (! FEnableNum) FEnableNum - true;
C++Builder
527
, ,
, false, . false,
true.
protected. ,
,
.
public TEditLetNum, . , .
, (
Compile . 8.4) . , - .
. ( File | Open) , - .
- (, Test).
( Project | Make All Projects). ,
.
EnableNum EnableLet.
true. false. , .
Modified ,
.
8.3.4
public,
.
TEditLetNum, . Clear,
FModified false. OnClear . TEdit Clear, , , Clear FModified.
, Clear -, C++Builder . TCustomEdit :
virtual void
fastcall Clear(void);
, Clear :
c l a s s PACKAGE TEditLetNum
p u b l i c TEdit
public:
virtual
void
void
fastcall
fastcall
Clear(void);
TEditLetNum::Clear(void)
528
8
TEdit::Clear();
FModified = false;
)
//
,
( TEdit), .
, , :
void
fastcall TEditLetNum::Clear(void)
{
Text = "";
FModified = false;
)
, : , . .
OnKeyPress. , (.. ) TEdit. , , On. To OnKeyPress
KeyPress. , , , Sender. , OnKeyPress , ,
:
{TObject Sender,
char SKey)
: char &Key.
, -, C++Builder. ,
KeyPress TWinControl :
DYNAMIC void
fastcall KeyPress(char SKey);
-. , DYNAMIC,
:
[C++ E r r o r ] E d i t L e t N u m . h ( 2 4 ) :
T E d i t L e t N u m : : K e y P r e s s ( c h a r &)'
2113 V i r t u a l f u n c t i o n ' _ f a s t c a l l
c o n f l i c t s w i t h base c l a s s 'TWinControl'
, KeyPress, TWinControl. .
,
protected
:
void
fastcall TEditLetNum::KeyPress(char SKey)
(
Set <char, '0', '9"> Dig;
Dig << '0' '1' << '2' '3' '4' '5'
<< '6' '7' << '8' '9';
if ((! FEnableNum) ss (Dig.Contains(Key)))
Key = 0;
if ((! FEnableLet) && !(Dig.Contains(Key)))
Key = 0;
if (Key != 0) FModified = true;
TEdit::KeyPress(Key);
C++Builder
529
. , true FModified. KeyPress .

( Compile . 8.4.) .
(. . 2.3.3), My.bpl Test. . 8.7. EditLetNum, Button Clear ( Clear), Label, Modified
EditLetNuml, TCheckBox. ( CBNum CBLet) .
.
. 8.7

|1
Clear
Modified - hue
OnCreate :
void
{
if (EditLetNuml->Modified)
Labell->Caption = "Modified true";
else Labell->Caption = "Modified - false";
Label 1
Modified.
OnKeyUp EditLetNum :
FormCreate(Sender);
OnCreate
Modified.
OnClick CBNum :
EditLetNuml->EnableNum = CBNum->Checked;
CBLet->Checked = EditLetNuml->EnableLet;
EditLetNuml->SetFocus();
EnableNum CBNum. CBLet EnableLet.

, , , false Num, EnableLet false,
EditLetNuml EnableLet true. , CBLet.
OnClick CBLet:
EditLetNuml->EnableLet = CBLet->Checked;
CBNum->Checked = EditLetNuml->EnableNum;
OnClick Clear :
EditLetNuml->Clear;
ForraCreate(Sender);
530
Clear Modified.
. EnableNum EnableLet , CBNum CBLet . (. . 2.3.3), .
EnableNum EnableLet.
- ,
- . Windows 2000/ NT . Windows 95/98 <>
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Local |Remote]
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load
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8.3.5
OnClear,
Clear. C++Builder
, . , TComponent ( this),
TNotifyEvent. C++Builder Click ,
TObject *Sender. OnClear.
:
private:
^TNotifyEvent FOnClear;
C++Builder
531
published:
property TNotifyEvent OnClear = (read=FOnClear, write=FOnClear);
FOnClear TNotifyEvent,
. , .
read write , .
,
. , , ,
true, .
Clear :
if
(OnClear)
OnClear ( t h i s ) ;
OnClear.
, , EditLetNuml
. ,
OnClear.
:
void
fastcall
TForml::EditLetNumlClear(TObject
*Sender)
- ,
, :
ShowMessage(" OnClear") ;
.
TNotifyEvent.
. CanClear, true,
.
false,
.
, . closure. , ,
TClear.
:
typedef void
fastcall
(
closure *TClear)
(System::TObject *Sender,
boolS CanClear);
, : Sender
CanClear, .

. , :
private:
TClear FOnClear;
property TClear OnClear = {read=FOnClear, write=FOnClear) ;
Clear ,
CanClear:
void
f a s t c a l l TEditLetNum::Clear ()
532
bool CanClear = true;

if (OnClear) OnClear(this,CanClear);
if (CanClear)
{
TEdit::Clear();
//
FModified = false;
CanClear. ^
CanCIose
. CanCIose *
OnClear.
i
.
.
BditLetNum.h:
//
typedef void
fastcall ( closure *TClear)
(System::TObject *Sender, bools CanClear);
{
private:
// -
bool FEnableLet;
bool FEnableNum;
bool FModified;
TClear FOnClear;
protected:
//
void
fastcall SetEnableLet(bool AEnableLet);
void
fastcall SetEnableNum(bool AEnableNum);
// KeyPress
DYNAMIC void
fastcall KeyPress (char SKey);
public:
//
// Clear
virtual void
//
property bool Modified = fread=FModified, default=false);
published:
// ,
property bool EnableLet - (read-FEnableLet, write=SetEnableLet,
default=true};
property bool EnableNum = {read=FEnableNum, write=SetEnableNum,
default=true};
property TClear OnClear = {read=FOnClear, write=FOnClear);
BditLetNum.cpp:
s t a t i c i n l i n e void ValidCtrChec^(TEditLetNum
(
} '
//
*)
C++Builder
533
f a s t c a l l TEditLetNum::TEditLetNum(TComponent* Owner) : TEdit (Owner)'
I"
FEnableLet = true;
FEnableNum = true;
FModified = false;
}
namespace Editletnum
{
void
fastcall PACKAGE Register!)
(
TComponentClass classes[1] = { classid(TEditLetNum));
RegisterComponents(" ", classes, 0 ) ;
}
}
//
void
fastcall TEditLetNura::SetEnableNum(bool AEnableNum)
{
// FEnableNum
FEnableNum - AEnableNum;
// FEnableLet true
if (! AEnableNum)
if (! FEnableLet) FEnableLet = true;
}
//
void
fastcall TEditLetNum::SetEnableLet(bool AEnableLet)
{
// FEnableLet
FEnableLet = AEnableLet;
// FEnableNum true
if (! AEnableLet)
if (! FEnableNum) FEnableNum - true;
}
//
,_
void
fastcall TEditLetNum::Clear(void)
{
bool CanClear = true;
if (OnClear) OnClear(this,CanClear);
if (CanClear)
(
TEdit::Clear();
//
FModified = false;
}
}
//
void
fastcall TEditLetNum::KeyPress(char SKey)
{
Set <char, '0', '9'> Dig;
Dig << '0' << '1' << '2' '3' << '4' << '5'
<< '6' << '7' << '8' '9';
if ((! FEnableNum) && (Dig.Contains(Key)))
Key = 0;
if ((! FEnableLet) SS !(Dig.Contains(Key)))
Key = 0;
if (Key != 0) FModified = true;
TEdit::KeyPress(Key);
534
. .
. 8.8. CheckBox ( CBClear), -.
. CanClear
OnClear.
OnClear, , CBClear, ( Checked). , , .
. OnClear . ,
,
:
void
fastcall TForrnl : : EditLetNumlClear (TObj ect *Sender,

bool SCanClear)
(
ShowMessage(" OnClear");
CanClear - CBClear->Checked;
}
CanClear, , , CBClear.
. ;
EnableNum EnableLet CBNum CBLet.
, , EnableNum true, a EnableLet false, - .
CBNum ( Checked = true), CBLet ;
.
.
i
8.3.6
, ^
. C++Builder 5, , -
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ClassExplorer (. . 2.7.2). . ^
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: New Field ( ), New)!
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Property EnableLefcLi
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Name EnableLet.
bool. Add to Closs +i
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use this field for implementing the Get method . ,
, .
,
- () Reads.
. . 8.9
.
.
use this field for the read specifier.
.
, create field, use this
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(private) . , ,
use this field for the write specifier use this field for implementing the Set method
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536
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Reads Writes,
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. ,
.
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this field for implementing the Set method.
Array . Index
. Stored
. Default
default.
, . 8.9 ,
Apply .
, .
.
:
c l a s s PACKAGE TEditLetNum2 : public TEdit
{
private:
bool FEnableLet;
void
fastcall SetEnableLet(bool value);
protected:
public:
fastcall TEditLetNum2(TComponent* Owner);
published:
property bool EnableLet = ( read=FEnableLet, write=SetEnableLet,
default-true };
);
, , ,
. ,
private, protected. ,
protected .
:
void
(
f a s t c a l l TEditLetNum::SetEnableLet(bool value)
if(FEnableLet != value) {
FEnableLet = value;

. ,
.
, 8.9
use this field for implementing the Set method.
, :
C++Builder
void
537
fastcall TEditLetNum2::SetEnableLet(bool value)
, , To-Do list (. 2.4.4.1).

To-Do List,
SetEnableLet.
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Method ( ).
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538
Implementation details
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inline,
. Implicit Inline, . , , , , .
, . , . 8.10, :
c l a s s PACKAGE TEditLetNum2 : p u b l i c TEdit
(
public:
v i r t u a l void
fastcall Clear));
};
:
void
f a s t c a l l TEditLetNum2::Clear()
(
TEdit: : Clear () ;
}
, .
. 8.10 Call inherited.
, :
To-Do List (. 2.4.4.1). To-Do List,

.
. 8.10.
FProtect void Inline, Implicit Inline,
protected
v o i d i n l i n e F P r o t e c t (),
:
void inline TEditLetNum2::FProtect ()
(
}
.. ,
. Implicit Inline,
protected :
protected:
void FProtect()
(
)
, , .
C++Builder
539
New Property New Method

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8.4.3 DLL
DLL File | New | Other New Items New DLL Wizard DLL.
, . 8.11. DLL C++. Use VCL
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DLL Microsoft Visual C++.
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Source Type
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include <windows.h>
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// .
// Important note about DLL memory management when your DLL
// uses the static version of the RunTime Library:
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
If your DLL exports any functions that pass String objects

(or structs/ classes containing nested Strings) as parameter or
function results, you will need to add the library MEMMGR.LIB to both
the DLL project and any other projects that use the DLL. You will
also need to use MEMMGR.LIB if any other projects which use the DLL
will be perfomring new or delete operations on any non-TObject-derived
classes which are exported from the DLL. Adding MEMMGR.LIB to your
project will change the DLL and its calling EXE's to use the
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BORLNDMM.DLL should be deployed along with your DLL.
// To avoid using BORLNDMM.DLL, pass string information vsing

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int WINAPI DHEntryPoint (HINSTANCE hinst, unsigned long reason, void*)

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. 8.13
DLL:
()
()
a) E s s E a s m t t :
jsji<j
i [
/ |
6.
6) {
! / )
#pragma hdrstop , :
# i n c l u d e "UMyDLL.h"
)
'
.lib, .
18 C++Buildf 6
546
. : ,
Activote (. . 8.12). Add. Library file {.lib) MyDLL.lib.
.
. ,
. . 8.13.
- . (. 8.13 6) , . . (. 8.13 ) () .
. New
New Application.
, .
File | Save Project As - (, PTestDLL2) , DLL.
,
. 8.14. ( BLoad)
DLL, ( BFree) , / ( Buttonl) , .
. 8.14

DLL
|
! / !]
:
// DLL
HINSTANCE dlllnstance;
//
typedef char ( import * FTypefchar *, char));
FType * C_D;
dlllnstance DLL.
FType Code_Dec, . C_D .
.
void
(
fastcall
TForml::BLoadClick(TObject
// DLL
dlllnstance - LoadLibrary("MyDLL.dll") ;
*Sender)
C++Builder
'
547
if (dlllnstance)
//
C_D = (FType *)GetProcAddress(dlllnstance, "_Code_Dec");
else ShowMessage("He 'MyDLL.dll'"!;
void
fastcall TForml::ButtonlClick(TObject *Sender!
{
if (C_D)
Editl->Text = C_D(Editl->Text.c_str(),'A');
else ShowMessage(
" 'Code_Dec' 'MyDLL.dll' ");
)
//
void
f a s t c a l l TForral::BFreeClick(TObject *Sender)
{
// DLL
FreeLibrary(dlllnstance);
C_D = NULL;
}
BLoadCIick Loadlibrary, . 8.4.2. , , , , Windows (SYSTEM32 Windows NT/2000/XP), Windows , , , PATH. , , DLL .
, , .
( ), dlllnstance NULL. 'MyDLL.dll'.
, GetProcAddress, . 8.4.2,
C_D .
BnttonlClick
C_D. NULL (, , , ButtonlClick ),
.
BFreeCItck FreeLibrary
DLL C_D.
, . , .
8.5
8.5.1
, . .
C++Builder , ., ..
.
, , C++Builder .
S48
C++Builder, -
C++Builder. , ,
.
,
. Borland .
(Packages) DLL, , , .. DLL , . .
.bpl (Borland package library), DLL.
:
.
C++Builder . C++Builder . ; C++Builder.
.

C++Builder. , , , .

C++Builder. C++Builder ,
- .
,
, . ,
, . , 450 25 .
. , ,
.
:
, ;
.

.
, . .
:
,
.
8.5.2
, , .
.
Project | Options
Project Options Packages . . 8.15.
C++Builder
549
8.15
Packages
Forms j Applcatcn ) Compe

li , j Advanced Compe
lir j C++
Pascal i Lhkef ! Advanced Lffiker J Diieclofies/Ccndiionals
Version Info Packages j Tan j CDRBA ] CodeGuad
i
Design
"/ ln!emertDrecHln^)forD6PiopeityarKJCompofienrEditor
/ McfosoilDuHodcViewConttd
/, NetMaslers Fastnel Toois
^ QuckRepoitComponenis
TeeChaft Components
*\
1
^j
; d:\pfogram
fietnove
Edit
RyntiTie packages
|V giJd with runtime pack ages
*d;rtLdbtttadortl;vcklb.vdx,bde[t!,vcldbx;foxpress.dsnap,cd
Default
Design packages . , . 8.15 ,

7.3 (, , ). ( Add)
( Remove ). , . . ,
, ,
. ,
Add.
Edit () , Design packages , . .
Components , .
Build with runtime packages .
,
.
Build with runtime packages .
Default .
Design packages
Runtime packages
. Design
pockages .
, C++Builder .
, ( , ).
, , . C+4-Builder
:
1. . jectl.dpr unitl.cpp.
550
2.
3.
Project | Options.
Project Options Linker
Use dynamic RTL ( ). Pockages Build with runtime packages ( ).
Compiler Release,
(. . 15.9.1, . 15).
4. Project | Build. projectl.exe .
5. , , , Windows Project | Informotion for project. ,
, 451072
(448 ). ,
.
'6. Project | Options, Project Options Linker Use dynamic RTL, Packages Build with runtime packages.
7. , Project | Build (
4).
8. projectl.exe .
25088 (24,5 ).
, :
359936 (351 ), 22528 (22 ), ..
16 . ! , , , .
, DLL
tdump.exe, C++Builder ...\bin. DOS. , DOS ,
Projectl, , :
tdump Projectl.exe > dump.txt
tdump
dump.txt. ,
, ,
Section:
Imports
Import
from vcl60.bpl
fastcall
Consts::initialization()
Imports from rtl60.bpl

fastcall
System::initialization()
Imports from BORLNDMM.DLL

(ord. =
2)
Imports
from KERNEL32.DLL
FreeLibrary
C++Builder
551
Imports from CC3260MT.DLL

operator delete(void *)
DLL, . , . ,
DLL Windows .
, , . VCL60.BPL, ,
, ,
1327104 (1296 1.26 ). , , .
,
,
.
, . ,
25 ,
20 500 . ,
N , N * 500 , VCL60
(1296 + N * 25) . , N = 4 .
, ,
,
. , . , ,
.
, , . ,
. , .

.
.
Profect | Options.
Packages Build with
runtime packages. ' (. 8.15)
Default, .

,
.
10
11
12

9.1
9.1.1
,
, . C+4-Builder
,
, , .

. , , .
, , , , ,
.
(
) , , , , , . ()
- . ,
. . 9.1
Pers, .
. , ,
. 9.2.
9.1. Pers

- -
Num
Dep
Fam
Nam
Par
Year
1950
1960
1955
1961
...
Sex
Charact
Photo
...
...
...
...

. .
,
556
. , , .. , .. ,
( -), , . , . 9.1
Num, Dep, Fam, Nam, Par, Year_b, Sex, Charact, Photo, .
. , , , (, ), ( ) ..
.
, .

.
. .

Fam, Nam Par. , , . Num , , .
. 9.1

. ,
.
- , (
). , . , , .. .
, .
(. . 9.1).
, . , . - . , .. .
. , , .
, . , .
, , , -
557
.. ,
, .
, . ,
.
Dep, , . 9.2.
, : Dep Proisv.
9.2. Dep
Dep
Proisv
'
1
[
, , ,
. , , .
, Pers , Dep
. .
, , , .
9.2.
.
- , . , Dep, Pers, Dep, . .
.
Dep
Pers, Dep
. ,
. 9.2

558
Dep ,
Pers .
. , : Paradox, dBase, Microsoft Access, FoxPro, Oracle, InterBase,
Sybase .
- . , Paradox
dBase . , . Microsoft Access
InterBase ..
. /, , Sybase Microsoft SQL, , SQL (. . 10.1).
, ,
, , .. , ,
. ,
. (alias) , .
. . , , , . , .. . ,
.
.
, , , , .. , ,
, ,
.
, , .
.
, .
- , . .
, ,
.
9.1.2
,
, , -
- , , -.
, , . ,
. , ,
, C++Builder.
559
-
/
, , C++Builder Borland
Database Engine (BDE) Borland.

, .
9.1.2.1
. , ; ,
, . .
,
, . ,
, ,
.
,
,
. , , , , ,
. .
,
.
9.1.2.2 -
- ,
. ,
. , , ,
( ,
, ).
- . ,
. ( ) ,
. , ,
, : ,
, , .
-
. .
, . , , .
560
,
.
, , ,
9.1.2.3 /

/. . . , , .
, , .
/ , , .
9.1.2.4
. ( , C++Builder)
multitier .
, .
:

, .
,
.
,
,
.
, , Oracle Sun. , ,
, , , -.
, (middleware) , , , . .
:

Borland Database Engine (BDE). .
9.1.3 C++Builder
C+4-Builder
Borland Database Engine (BDE) Borland. He . , C++Builder 5, .
C++Builder 6, , , -
561
. ,
C++Builder BDE.
BDE . , . . -H-Builder
BDE.
, . 9.3.
. 9.3

C++Builder
SQL
C++Builder, , BDE
. BDE DLL ( IDAPI01.DLL, IDAPI32.DLL). , , API
(Application Program Interface ),
ID API (Integrated Database Application Program Interface).
, .
BDE . , ,
. BDE , BDE
, . BDE , Microsoft Access, FoxPro, Paradox, dBase.
BDE ,
ODBC. ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) DLL,
BDE, Microsoft. ODBC.DLL. Microsoft ODBC
ODBC , Borland
BDE , ODBC. , ODBC , , BDE. ODBC C++Builder C++Builder - .
52__
BDE SQL ,
SQL-, , Sybase, Microsoft SQL,
Oracle, Interbase.
/ .
C++Builder 5
, BDE. Microsoft ActiveX
Data Objects (ADO). ADO , , ,
, . OLE DB.
ADO ( , ),
BDE. , ADO C++Builder , BDE. BDE. ADO . 10, . 10.4.
Interbase
C++Builder 5 InterBase Express (IBX). C++Builder 5 InterBase,
InterBase, BDE. InterBase,
BDE. . 10, . 10.5.
C++Builder 6 dbExpress. ,
SQL . dbExpress
DLL
, , , . ..
dbExpress . 10, . 10.6.
9.2
Database Desktop
9.2.1
, ,
. C++Builder ,
, . Pers
Dep, . 9.1 9.2
,
, .
. . '
BDE C++Builder Database Desktop ( DBD.EXE
16- , DBD32.EXE 32- ,
DBDLOCAL.EXE ),
, .
Database Desktop C++Builder
Tools. ,
Tools | Configure Tools (. . 15.3, . 15). Database Desktop.
, . 9.4 ( Database Desktop
- ,
).
563
Jfll^
..
. 9.4

Database Desktop
Be -*' " S^ ct 1 ' I * Bindew Ueto
Year ' Sejd

1WTraei~I
1960 Tni
laoSTi
ISM
lSMe+
1955
True,
faasa
fesn
1*1 M s
& ;
EMffltt
1930 True;
[eeft.)3a J f f i j i feIeHJ*
â4JSl 'Mas* + ! 1930 Tri
i
1937
Tn
ABeriTS ' 5-|la jell
~ ; 1975 Tuu
I 1S65 Fals
AoMi
Afi* AfMfila
1
64 *- 1962 True
\ PERS Ni,ri
Dep
Fam ' Nm Par
1 Atstmiii't ,a\ earn-'
2 0561
3,085 2
4.0561
SAo6SSfoi;e
e;08s2
, 7|0Sei
0
9'Ad6Sas&aa&v
10;0ao2
i H
P.KO-d 1 of 11
Database Desktop
Paradox 7. Paradox 7 ,
.db.
Windows, , . File | New Database Desktop. ,
:
QBE Query
SQL File
SQL
Table
Table. . , . , , Paradox 7. , . 9.5.

( ),
, ,
.
. 9.5

Paradox 7
:
^ '
Field Name
, 1>Num
' 2;Dep
3s Fam
- A\Ham
- 5 ; ?ar
' rise
- SjCtiaract
Type
rabtefiioperties
Size Key'. , Vafatty Checks
A '
A
A '
" A
s
I
M'
G
is'
2020'
20'
1 Rqu<l
20
3. Maxrnum value"
1385
jj
j. Minimum value'
131?
t Debjl value:
1350
5. Piclute:
Entei the irexmum vekie atoned fa thit Md

I
AssisJ... j
Pa* Table
|
Save
Savefes
Corc-ti I ^ _ j

(Size)
565
1-240
Memo
. .mb.

,
. Memo Paradox
C++Builder.
0-240
Formatted
Memo

. .mb.
, . Formatted Memo Paradox C++Builder.
Graphic

.bmp, .pcx, .tif, .gif .eps. Database
Desktop
.BMP. Graphic Paradox
C++Builder.
OLE
OLE , , . Database Desktop

. OLE Paradox
C++Builder.
Logical
. true false.
.
Autoincrement
1 . .

.
Binary
, .mb, Database
Desktop .

.
Bytes
, Database Desktop
.
Binary ,
.
1-255
Pers (. . 9.1) Num Autoincrement, . Dep, Fam, Nam Par Alpha, Year_b
Short, Sex Logical ( -
566
), Charact Memo, Photo Graphic. Dep (.

. 9.2) Dep Alpha, Proisv Logical.
(Size). , Alpha .
"*" .
, , . ,
Paradox . Pers
Num. Dep Dep.
9.2.3
(. 9.5).
(Table properties).
.
9.2.3.1 Validity Checks
: Validity Checks .
. 9.5 , , . :
Required Field , . .
, , Fam, Nam Par.
Minimum
. .
Year_b.
Maximum
. .
Year_b.
Default
. . Year_b
Sex ( ).
Picture
. , # # # - # # - # # . Database Desktop.
Assist
, Picture ,
.
9.2.3.2 Table Lookup

. 9.5: Table Lookup .
- ( ) ,
,
. Table Lookup Define . , . 9.6.
567
, , , ,
Field Name.
(Lookup table). (Drive or Alias)
(Browse). , ,
, ,
Lookup field. , Dep. , ,
Pers Dep Dep Dep .
Pers - , Dep.
. 9.6

lookup labls
Fam|A20)
Nam (420|
'(420]
- |S |
raCURRENCTOB
- Lookupylpe -
'1
I <~ Mcoftespondfng liekJ*
SDICDBDB
EPEBS.Oe
EPEnS2.De
i Lookup access --- - <"* Finohefc

\ < Help and N1
, . , , .
9.2.3.4 .
9.2.3.3 Secondary Indexes
: Secondary Indexes
.
( ).
, Pers
:

fio
Fam, Nam, .
Par
depfio
Dep, Fam,
Nam, Par
,
.
year
Year_b
, Define . , . 9.7.
568
Fields , Indexed fields

, .

. Change order ( ) .
. 9.7

lds
Num
Dep
Indexed fields
Changs ordei fj
Index options Unique
P Maintained
f~ Case sensitive
" Descending
Index Options ( ) :
Unique
,

. , fio , .
Descending

( ).
Case Sensitive , .
Maintained
,
.
.
. , .
, .
(. 9.8), .
. 9.8

&
<
569
9.2.3.4 Referential Integrity

. 9.5: Referential Integrity .
, . , (), (),
, , ( ) .
, Paradox .
, Referential Integrity, . Pers Dep, , Dep Pers
Dep Dep. ,
, ( File | Working Directory). Pers
( File | Open), ( Table | Restructure) Table properties Referential Integrity.
Define, ,
. 9.9. Fields , , Child fields. Table
( ,
)
Parent's key. Update rule , ,
,
- . Prohibit,
Database Desktop . Cascade, .
, , ,
.
*1
. 9.9

*>.
Child Held!
IDep|A15[
(A2D1
lAMl
= 1A2D]
1 Update mli:
! ff Cascade
I Dep 14151
BDICDBDB
BPIRSDB
DPERS2D8
<~ Erahbn
Strict Referential Integrity

Paradox ( , Paradox DOS) , .
, (. 9.10) .
570
. 9.10

Referential htegrty name-
9.2.3.5 Password Security

. 9.5: Password Security . Paradox
, . Define
, . 9.11. ( Master password), ( Verify master password),
Auxiliary Passwords ( ) (. 9.12), .
. 9.11

Auxiliary Passwords.-
9.12

Current Password ( ) ( , ),
.
Table Rights ( )
:
571
, , , .
Insert & Delete
(,
, ), .
Data Entry
., .

.
Update
Read Only
.
:
Field Rights ( )
, :
,
.
Read Only
None
, .
, Add
Passwords. New
. Change , Change
Delete.
9.2.3.6 Table Language
Table Properties (
) ( Modify) ,
BDE Administrator
(. . 9.3.3). , . , , .
. , , , .
, ,
.
9.2.3.7 Dependent Tables
Table Properties , ,
Referential Integrity.
9.2.4
, , Save as ( ) (. 9.13), . Alios.
572
( ), ,
.
,
.
(). , Paradox
, .
. 9.13

| )DBPAR
J *- IS * a -
"--CURRENCY OB
1;
&PERS.DB
: JPERS DB
1 :: | Paradox j" db)

fili-ss
.;.-.-.-.' jBWORK.
:
zJ
Optraiss-4,/ J7 oispMable
:P Add data to table
. 9.13 . Display Table

.
Add Data to New Table ,
, . , , .
Paradox. .
.
9.2.5
Database Desktop
, , File |
Open. , Display Table, . , . 9.4. ^
Table ( | View Data)
( Table | Edit Data). ,
. Database Desktop
. , , , . ,
. Database
Desktop . ,
C+4-Builder, .
Table | Info Structure
, Table j Restructure
573
- . ,
.
9.3
, ,
,
: Database Desktop, BDE Administrator Database Explorer. , Database Desktop.
9.3.1

(. . 9.1.1)
. , ,
, BDE. : (working) (private).
.
Database Desktop
...\Program Files\Common Files\Borland Shared\Database Desktop\WorkDir. WORK. Database Desktop, File | Working Directory. , . 9.14.
(Working Directory),
Browse, Aliases . WORK .
Database Desktop, ,
. , WORK. ,
, ,
Database Desktop.
9.14

(private)
Database Desktop , .
, . PRIV.
Database Desktop, File | Private Directory. , . 9.14. .
PRIV .
574
9.3.2
Database Desktop
.
: ", ,
, . ...\Borland\Borland Shared\Bde
IDAPI32.CFG. . IDAPI.CFG
.
, , .
Database Desktop,
Tools | Alias Manager. Alias Manager (
), . 9.15. , , . Public alias ( ) ,
, . Database Alias,
. , ,
. Shaw Public Aliases
Only, ; Shaw Project Aliases Only, ; Shaw All Aliases .
. 9.15

Alias availaUe lor this session

Choose Save As to save
permanent^*.
Database afos
Driveiijipe [iNTRBASE
SERVER NAME |F .'DATABASErtBASE/ ' StTO p"bli alases a*
' *~ Show ptotgct abases Qrty
USER NAME ]a
f ShowalaSases
OPEN MODE jREAO/WRITE
SCHEMA CACHE .1"
IANCDRIVER
3OLQRYMQDE-. f
SQIPASSTHRU JSHABEOAUTOCOMMI
SCHEMA CACHE [7
Password: j"
Database Alios
Driver type
. . 9.15 INTERBASE
INTRBASB ( SQL Link
ORACLE, SYBASE). :
SERVER NAME

USER NAME

.
.
S75
OPEN MODE

: READ/WRITE ( )
READ ONLY ( ).
SCHEMA CACHE SIZE

.
5, 0 32.
LANGDRIVER

SQLQRYMODE
SQL
: NULL ( ) , , Desktop, SERVER ,

, , LOCAL
Desktop.
SQLPASSTHRU MODE
QBE SQL
, Database Desktop
QBE SQL . : NOT SHARED
, SHARED AUTOCOMMIT ( )
SQL
, SHARED NO AUTOCOMMIT ,
SQL
.
Possword
, .
SCHEMA CACHE TIME
. -1
.
j
|
Connect () . Remove () . Soye as ( ) . New () .

.
(. 9.16). , . 9.15 . 9.16 ,
. ( , New Keep New ) Dotabase Alias
, .
. 9.16

p Public alias
Database alas I
Oliverlipe | STANDARD _^J
athF
| SOATABASESDBPAR
Defining new database alias Enter ]

changes and choose Keep New
Shgw publrc. aliases ony

l
Show project aissesonly
Show aB aliases
Cancel
JjaysAs.,.|-
Hell)
576
:
Public alias (
).
Driver type . Paradox', dBase STANDARD, .
Browse. SQL- .
Database Alias - , , , .
Database Alias .
Keep New, ,
Save as .
9.3.3
BDE Administrator
BDE Administrator ( BDE) , BDE : (STANDARD), SQL, Access, ODBC. BDE BDE Administrator
Windows. +-(-Builder Tools | Configure Tools. ...\Program Files\Borlandy
Borland Shared\BDE\bdeadmin.exe.
/
(. 9.17) : Databases
Configuration .
. ,,
Definition .
.
. 9.17
Databases
BDE
BDE Admimsttator \1
Object dit View 0e** Help
I Database Abases
Definition of 4P
Databases | Configuration j
Q) Databases
BCDEMOS
"a dBASE Fil
itl So 4 P
Sj DefauUDD
+, *" Excel Res
t
Definition ]
Typo
DEFAULT DRIVER
ENABLE BCD
PATH
STANDARD
PARADOX
FALSE
F \DATABASESDBPAR
{Database Location
STANDARD, , ,
Paradox, :
PATH . PATH,
(. 9.17). Windows,
. , , ,
. , , '" -i, , . \
577
INTERBASE SQL Link

(ORACLE, SYBASE .) .
, ,
.
.

New .
, . 9.18.
,. STANDARD
Paradox, dBASE, FoxPro, ASCII.
. 9.18

" database DriverName i

|
'
OK | Caned |
, OK , .
,
. STANDARD :
PATH
DEFAULT
DRIVER
: PARADOX Paradox
( .db), DBASE dBASE ( .dbf), FOXPRO FoxPro ( .dbf), ASCIIDRV
ASCII ( .txt).
ENABLE BCD
, BDE
, BCD. BCD . ENABLE BCD = true,
DECIMAL NUMERIC BCD.

Apply. .
, Delete.
Dotoboses BDE.
Configuration () - , , , .
9.3.4 SQL Explorer

C++Builder Database | Explore. SQL Explorer . 9.19.
Databases . ( . 9.19
dbP), . .
,
Object | New .
, . 9.18 19 C++Builder 6
578
BDE, , BDE. . 9.3.3, .

9.19
SQL Explorer
Object dictionary Ed* Ve

i w Ceoons Help
All Database Aliases
Databases j Dictionary ]
Databases
Ig BCDEMDS
^ dBASE Files
"ft dbP
?B DefaulIDD
Oetntion of dbP
Definition I
Tfpe
DEFAULT DRIVER
ENABLE BCD
PATH
STANDARD
PARADOX
FALSE
F^DATABASEWBPARj
" Excel Files

'ft fc
\<\
Database locators
SQL Explorer
. , , (, ..),
( . 9.20). Definition ,
Text SQL,
( SQL). Data . ;
, .. -:
Enter SQL .
. 9.20
SQL Explorer Pers
iif '
' '- -
Object Edit View Qetions

-
"
AIIDatabajeAiases
dS
""
Databases JDictiorav I
Tables
H CURRENCYDB
DEPDB
PICOB-DB
- | Fields
( Indices
' VaSdilii Creel.
*-
Contents of PEHS DB
Delnton Data | Enter SQL |
Num
jFairi
jNarn
2 1
3 2
Ct
4 1
Hi
5 Hi
6 2
7 1
to items PERSXC.
. . 9.21
Dep Pers, .
SQL Explorer , . , ,

dbP, Pers Dep, . 9.1, . 9.1 9.2.
, .

. 9.21
SQL Explorer
Dep
579
Qbe
j ct; Qcto
l nary dSt lew opto
i ns Hdp
-;- > -_ ti
-^
AH Database Afas
Defm
i tQ
i fiof Dep
Database j Dc
i to
i nary |
Delnton JEnteS
l OL)
8 dbP
Order
2
- j !
!! H CURRENCY
!*i H DEPDB
3 H DICDB BB
H H PERS DE
:-> Fields
Li
Type
ALPHA
Size
15
F'huical Length 15
_ _ ^ ! 5
9.4 ,

VCL C++Builder
C++Builder. , C++Builder 6, , BDE, Data Access. C++Builder 6
DataSource,
BDE. Data Control.
, , ^
:
(data set),
. , Table, Query, StoredProc, BDE&ientDataSet. , . 10, .
(data source),
. DataSource.
, , DBGrid, DBText,
DBEdit .

, . 9.22.
^__
:
Table, Query
StoredProc
<
:
DataSource
:
DBGrid,
DBText,
DBNavigator ...
. 9.22. C++Builder

Database. ,
/. , , . Database
580
. ,
(-Builder
. . 10.2.2, . 10.
, C++Builder
Session. ,
.
,
. Session . 9.8.
9.5 Table

9.5.1 ,

, . Paradox Pers, dbP. .
Table. Table BDE. Dato Access DataSource, . , ,
.
DBGrid Data Control.
, . <>
, Align alClient (. 9.23).
. 9.23
,

1
DataSoutcel
, . 9.22. DBGrid DataSource. 7

DBGridl DataSource . , . DataSourcel. DataSource. . . DataSource 1 ^
DataSet. Tablol
( , Ct;
).
581
Tablel . Table: DatabaseName TableName. DatabaseName. BDE

. dbP,
. , .
, , Database Desktop,
. 9.3.2.
TableName. , . Pers.
. . Active. false. true. , DBGridl
(. 9.24) .
. 9.24

Table
$-'
Num
..iPlxi
Nam
1
2 1
3
4
5
6
Ai-
2 T " y " i
1
7 1
8 1
Gu
|Dep
i d
, Active = true
, .
,~<~.*,~.,~~,,,,. _ _ _ _ _ _ , , _
Active = false, OnCreate true,
OnDestroy false. , ,
.
, , , , . , (

). , Pers dbP Num,
(. . 9.2.2). , Dep, Dep, Dep,
Dep (. . 9.2.3.2 9.2.3.4).

, ,
. ,
582
, . Tools | Debugger Options, Language Exceptions

Stop on Delphi Exceptions Stop On C++ Exceptions (. . 15.8).
, , . , . , ReadOnly DBGridl true.
Options dgEditing false. . Options .
C++Builder.
Table Exclusive. (, ). true, . Active = false.

, DBNavigator, Data Control .
Align DBGridl alBottom,
DBNavigator (. . 9.25).
. 9.25

OS
Num|Dep
+ 1-1
(Farn
1
2 1
3 2
4 1
5
G 2
7 1
8 1
9
*!
"|
Nam
Par
Year Sex I *
1350 Tiue
1360 Tiue
1955
1361
1930
1930
1337
1375
1965
False
Tiue
True
True
True
False
,.
, . , :
nb First
nb Prior
nbNext
nbLast
nblnsert
nb Delete
nbEdit
nbPost
583
nbCancel
nb Refresh
Hint
, Hints . ,
, , ,
.
VisibleButtons, . , , false nblnsert. ,
nbFirst, nbPrior, nbNext nbLast, .
, DataSource ( DataSource).
, .
9.5.2
, , . -, Num, ,
. , . Num, Fam .., ,
-. Sex true false, a
, , .
. .
Tablel.
IndexName IndexFieldName.
, . , , fio,
, ,
Fain, Nam Par. depfio , . IndexFieldName.
, , .
. . ^ Tablel. (. 9.26 ). Add fields (
). , . 9.26 , .
. Ctrl,
. , , , .
, Charact, Photo , , Num.
, , (. 9.26 ).
. , -
. , ,
, .
584
1...
9.26
:

(),
(6),
()
Dep
Fam
Nam
Pat
Yeai.b
Sex
- . , , or
: TStringField, TSmallintField, TBooleanField .. TField . ,
.
, .
Alignment
: , .
DisplayLabel . , Fam DisplayLabel ,
Nam ..
Display Width .
EditMask EditFormat
.
( Sex)
Display Values. ,
, true false.
. , true.
: ; ^ ;.
Readonly, true,
. Visible ,
. , , Visible = false
Num, Tablel.
(. 9.27).
. 9.27

^ I "
&-I
|!3
1937
1
1
1961
1975
1960
1930
1975
[- 2
[
|
1965
1950
zi
585
. - , , Fam, .
TDBEdit , DisplayLabel. Sex TDBCheckBox. Charact Photo
TDBMemo TDBImage. ,
Active true, .
9.5.3

. C++Builder .
, , . .
, , Table
.
MinValue MaxValue,
. ,
, Year_b MinValue = 1970 MaxValue = 1980. .
. , . 9.28. .
(. . 13.10.5.2, . 13) -.
. 9.28

MinValue MaxValue
1961 Knot a vaMvak far field ' .p.'. The dkm&S range 1970 to 1980.
CustomConstraint
ConstraintErrorMessage. CustomConstraint SQL (. . 10.1). ,
Year_b CustomConstraint:
X < 1980 and X > 1970
( X) .
CustomConstraint,
ConstraintErrorMessage. ,
, , . ,
(. . 9.29, ). ,
MinValue MaxValue, .
.
586
. 9.29

CustomConstraint ConstraintErrorMessage
On Validate.
. , , , EAbort Abort. ,
OnValidate OnChange, .
.
,
. Constraints Table. , ,
. 9.30. Add New ( )
Constraints . . ,
. CustomConstraint
SQL, . ErrorMessage
, . , CustomConstraint:
((Sex=true) and (ear_b >1955))or
((Sex=false) and (Year_ b>1965) )
ErrorMessage: >1955 .. >1965 ..
.
. 9.30

((Sex-ttue) and (Yeai_b >1955M(Sex=false) and (YeaiJ1965))
Table,
.
9.5.4
,
,
. (calculated
fields). , . Tablel, . '
New field ( ). , . 9.31.

. 9.31

587
Field properties
Harne JAge
iKpe-
Component JTableUge
jSmafcnl
Field type
ata
Lookup deftnrtion
- '
1
<! Calculated
-.. -. |
|
Lookup
- '
......
OK
"|
J ,
Cancel
_ E * _ J
Field properties ( ) (Name)

Age, ()
Smallint, (Size).
.
,
Field type Calculated ( ).
, Age.
DisplayLabel .
Age, ,
. , ,
Tablel, OnCalcFields. , .
,
:
TablelAge->Value = 2002 - TablelYear_b->Value;
TablelAge>Value TablelYearJb>Value
Age Year_b . ,
2002 , . . , , . :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::TablelCalcFields(TDataSet
*DataSet)
unsigned short Year, Month, Day;

Date () .DecodeDate(SYear,SMonth,SDay);
TablelAge->Value = Year - TablelYear_b->Value;
Year, Month Day
, . Date (. . 16.3.2 . 16), TDateTime ( C++Builder
). DecodeDate , . Year
( Month Day , DecodeDate).
, (. 9.32).
588
. 9.32

I
|
| | \^_
1965
37
;
1950
52
1930
72
1937
41
1961
1975
27
1960
42
1930
72
:
1975
9.5.5
Table , , .
, , , ,
, .
Filter, Filtered FilterOptions
Table. Filtered
. Filter ,
. ,
Filter
Dep='
1'
Filtered true, ,
, Dep 1.
, , .
" " , , : .
,
Dep='qex*'
, Dep
. , . , , , ,
FilterOptions foNoPartialCompare, ( ).
FilterOptions foCaselnsensitive
, .
, 1 1 .
=, >, >=, <,
<=, <>, and, or not. ,
(Dep='Uex 1')and(Year_b<=197 0)and(Year JD>=194 0)
1,
. (, Age) .
, , ,
, , . -
589
. DBGridl
Align alNone, RadioGroup ( RGF),
ComboBox ( CBDep), CSpinEdit
Samples ( SEmin SEmax), , , , , 9.33.
. 9.33

- 1
,'-
U S S W M S I
'
"
..| | ] _iJ
1955 4?
1960 42
1^1 41
1*2 40
2

1965 37
1
19?5: 2?

1975 27
2
-4>
1
i Bee
|16
CBDep , . Items
. SEmin SEmax .
MaxValue, MinValue Value. RGF ( Items Caption), . 9.33, Itemlndex = Columns = 2. , . .
unsigned short Year, Month, Day;
//
void
fastcall TForml::TablelCalcFields(TDataSet *DataSet)
(
TablelAge->Value - Year - TablelYear_b->Value;
void
{
fastcall TForml::RGFClick(TObject *Sender)
Tablel->IndexName - "depfio";
if (RGF->ItemIndex == 0)
Tablel->Filtered = false;
else
(
if (RGF->Itemlndex 2)
Tablel->Filter = "Dep='"+CBDep->Text+"'";
else if (RGF->Itemlndex == 3)
(
Tablel->Filter = " (Year_b<-" +
IntToStr(Year-SEmin->Value)+
")and(Year_b>="+IntToStr(Year-SEmax->Value)
Tablel->IndexName = "Year";
else
Tablel->Filter
"(Dep='"+CBDep->Text+
590
9
"')and(Year_b<="+IntToStr(Year-SEmin->Value)
+")and(Year_b>="+IntToStr(Year-SEmax->Value)+")";
Tablel->Filtered = true;
)
)
//__
void fastcall TForml: : ForrnCreate (TObject *Sender)
(
~~
Date () .DecodeDate(SYear,SMonth,SDay);
Tablel->Active = true;
}
void
{
Tablel->Active = false;
)
. TablelCalcFields
. , Year, Month Day (
) Date DecodeDate
FormCreate OnCreate. ,
Year
TablelCalcFields RGFClick. FormCreate
( OnDestroy).
RGFClick,
.
OnClick RGF ,
. , , ,
. RGFClick OnChange .
RGFClick dcpfio,
. , ..
. ( ),
Filtered false.
true. 2 ( ), Filter Dep='...',
, CBDep. 3 ( ), Filter
(Year_b<=...)and(Year_b>=...), ,
SEmin SEmax. ,
Age .
C++Builder 6 5.
C++Builder , C++Bailder : Ambiguity between '_fastcall Sysutils::IntToStr( int64)' and 'fastcall Sysutils::IntToStr(int)'. ,
IntToStr
int64 int. . . 14.2,
. 14. , IntToStr . , IntToStr((int)(Year-SEmin->Value)).
.
591

OnFilterRecord.
, Filtered true. Accept . ,
, Accept true. , Accept false. OnFilterRecord, , RGFClick ,
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::TablelFilterRecord(TDataSet *DataSet,
bool SAccept)
{
Accept = (RGF->IteraIndex = = 0 ) ||
((RGF->ItemIndex == 2) SS (TablelDep->Value==CBDep->Text))
((RGF->IteraIndex = 3) &&
(TablelYear_b->Value <= (Year-SEmax->Value)) &&
(TablelYearjD->Value > (Year-SEmin->Value) ) ) | I
((TablelDep->Value == CBDep->Text) &&
(TablelYear_b->Value <= (Year-SEmax->Value)) &&
(TablelYear_b->Value >= (Year-SEmin->Value))) ;
I!
Accept ItemIndex RGF. , RGF>ltemlndex = ( ), Accept = true -

.
. , . -, Tablel Filtered = true. , ,
. OnFilterRecord . RGFClick OnClick RGF :
Tablel->Filtered = false;
Tablel->Filtered = true;
if (RGF->IteraIndex == 3)
Tablel->IndexName - "Year";
else Tablel->IndexName = "depfio";
.
OnFilterRecord.
, . RGFClick OnClick .
,
.
9.6
.
, , , .. Table .
.
592
. SQL Explorer, Datobase |

Explore. . 9.3.4 Databases SQL Explorer.
Dictionary
Dictionary | New. , . 9.34. Dictionory Name
. ,
. Database
, . Paradox. Table Name
, .
Description , . .
create new OicttorwHSJfllilll
. 9.34
SQL Explorer
Dictionary Name JDicdb
Database: |BCDEMOS
zl
Table Name: JDicdb

Description: | dbP ib
Canoe)
, . 9.35. Dictionary,
: Databases , Attribute Sets . .
. 9.35

Qbjert dictionary
Dictionary: Dicdb
Databases Dictionary I
Dictionary
Databases
*-
a t> Albibute Sets
PersFaro
fH PersNam
ffi PertPar
PersSex
PeisYear_b
)> fji fS
i EJE
ffi
Definition of PeisDep
Definition I
ServerDoroainName
TFieldQass
TControDass
Alignment
Displaylabel
DisplajiWidth
ReadOnly
Required
Visible
12
False
Transliterate
2 Items In PenDep.
, Dictionory | Import From Database.

.
, , . . 9.35 Databases , .
, Dictionory
Import From Dotabase .
593
.
. Attribute Sets,
New.
. .
, , - , . - , Pers. Table. ,
. , Save Attributes
as. , . 9.36.
Attribute set name
, .
, . , .
Based on
, . , ,
Pers, Dep. Dep
PersDep.
. 9.36

&tttibute set name

[PsrsDep
' Uased on
D
j ep
[
3 .
OK 1
CancelJ
Hep
l J
. 9.36 ,
. , .
Database | Explore.
, . 9.35, . , ,
Refresh .
, . , . , -, , , ..
, SQL Explorer, . , ( Object | Delete ). , . (. . 9.35 PersDep).
( Object | Cancel ).
Object | Apply .
Dictionary | Select . (, ,
).
594
Dictionary | Register - , , . ,
DICDB.DB, ,
. dbP.
, Dictionary | Register .
, . , Table, DataSource
DBGrid, Pers dbP.
Table Active true. ,
, . Table . , , . , ? , , Unassociate
attributes. , - .
Associate attributes. . , .
9.7

DBGrid. . , , . , ,
, : 1. ,
, .
, Columns DBGrid.
,
. , .
, Columns.
.
(. 9.37 ). , Add ( ) FieldName. To , Add. A
: Add All Fields
( ).
, Table. Delete ( ) , .
, Dep,
.
ButtonStyle.
. ButtonStyle :
595
ebsAuto
,
.
cbsEllipsis
'..,",
OnEditButtonClick DBGrid.
cbsNone
- .
ebsAuto ( ), PickList,
. Dep PickList , 1 2. , ,
(. 9.37 ).
PickList Sex. DropDownRows ( 7)
, .
DropDownRows, .
d
. 9.37

()
Dep ButtonStyle
= cbsAuto ()
ButtonStyle =
cbsEllipsis ()
6)
*;|-
'- m m
1 Few
Nam
3 Pat
4 Ysat b
5 Sex
1|
'

fTTfffltlfllfflff
Lex 1
||
f xj
I d
1 '
1|
, ebsAuto
, (. . 9.9.2). . PickList , .
ButtonStyle cbsEllipsis, "..." (.
. 9.37 ). OnEditButtonClick DBGrid. - ,
. OnEditButtonClick , ,
SelectedField DBGrid. . :
596
9
if(DBGridl->SelectedField == TablelDep)
DBGridl->SelectedField->Value =
ButtonStyle cbsNone,
- .
DBGrid , . : , , - . , Data Control
, DBGrid.
.
DBText Label, .
, .
: , , . .
DBEdit Edit.
: ,
, . , ReadOnly=true, ,
DBText, , , DBText.
DBMemo Memo.
Memo, , . , , .
DBRichEdit
RTF. ,
DBMemo.
DBImage Image. , , .
DBCheckBox CheckBox.
. true, . ,
. ,
,
DBGrid.
DBRadioGroup RadioGroup.
.
Dep Sex. Items, , . Values,
, . ,
.
Values , Items, .. . DBRadioGroup
,
.
, .
597
: Data Source ( TDataSource) DataField , .

, , , , : Caption
DBText, Text DBEdit, Picture DBImage .. , .
, , ,
. , .
, , ,
, , ,
DBCtrlGrid. , ,
,
. DBCtrlGrid DataSource, , . RowCount ( 3),
ColCount ( 1).
DBCtrlGrid PanelWidth PanelHeight , Width Height.
C++Builder , .
. . 9.38 , . DBCtrlGrid 3 3 .
DBText, Fam.
DBCtrlGrid ( fio). . , , DBEdit, DBText. , ,
, , .
DBEdit ReadOnly=false, . , ,
, , , DBEdit
.
. 9.38
,

ju'eii'i
fiospacr
41

(. 9.39), .
DBImage DBMemo. , DBMemo, .
598
. 9.39
,

13
1

*
(
-Li
. #include
,
TDataSource. , File | Include
Unit Hdr. DataSource ,
,
Forml>DataSourcel, . , . OnClick
:
if (! Form2->Visible) Form2->Show();
Form2 , .
:
,
. , , , , . . , .
9.8 Session
Session . Session, C++Builder Session , .
Session.
Session
BDE. Session. , .
(. 9.40) TComboBox, cbAlias
.
, . Style
csDropDownList, , . TDBGrid, DataSourcel Tablel.
;
, -1
cbDatabase BDB . - , OnCreate :
599
Session->GetAliasNames(cbAlias->Items);
cbAlias->ltemIndex = 0;
cbAliasChange(Sender);
GetAliasNames Session,
TStrings ( cbAlias>
Items) , BDE. .
On Change cbAlias, cbAlias .
. 9.40
,

I "FIT"'
' "iVHr' T - 7
Hum|Op
1
2 1
3 2
4 1
1
1
1
1
cbAlias cbTable .
OnChange cbAlias :
Session->GetTableNames(cbAlias->Text,"",true,false,cbTable->Iteras);
cbTable->ItemIndex = 0;
GetTableNames
TStrings ( cbTable>
Items) , ( cbAlias>Text). , . , * ,
. , , . , true, , (
Paradox dBase). false
Paradox dBase, , SQL, true, , .
.
:
Tablel->DatabaseName = cbAlias->Text;
Tablel->TableName = cbTable->Text;
Tablel ,
, DatabaseName TableNarae
Tablel .
. , ,
C++Builder.
600
Session,
. Session
, .
Session , .
Session
SessionName , , , si.
SessionName TDatabase, TTable, TQuery .. .
Session.
Session, Session - . TSessionsList Session.
9.9 BatchMove
BatchMove . : Source
(, ) Destination
. Mode . :
batAppend
batUpdate
,
. -
.
- , -,
. . -
.
batAppendUpdate
- , -,
. , ,
. -
.
batDelete
-, , . -
.
batCopy
- . - ,
.
Execute -.
. MovedCount ,
-.
;
, I
- --.
. AbortOnProblem , :'
601
, - -. AbortOnProblem = false ProblemTableName. Paradox, , .

ProblemCount ,
. AbortOnProblem = false - -. , BatchMove - -. , .
- , -, , , .
AbortOnKeyViol , , -. AbortOnKeyViol = false KeyViolTableName. Paradox,
, - . KeyViolCount .
, TBatchMove , -.
ChangedTableName, Paradox,
-.
ChangedCount ,
- ( Mode = batUpdate batAppendUpdate), ( Mode = batDelete).
ChangedTableName.
Mappings TStrings . , .
, Mappings .
Mappings, . -, ,
. . , Mappings, . ,
, . , Mappings
Dep
Dep Dep .

DepNew = Dep
Dep DepNew .
, , , . , , .
, .
602
9.10
9.10.1
. ,
.
. (master), , (detai!). , , Dep, ( Dep) ( Proizv , true , false ). , ,
, , , .. Pers,
Dep Dep .
Dep,
Pers, , , Dep .
2 Table, DataSource . ,
. 9.41. DBCtrlGrid, DBText.
, (master) Dep. Dep,
. , DBCtrlGrid, Dep Proizv.
. 9.41
,

I Uexi
. j^j
S5
41
27
42
DBGrid.
Pers. ,
Dep. , , , , .
, .
. , Pers ( Active =
false). MasterSource Table, , .
MasterFields. (Field Link Designer).
. 9.42. Detail Fields
, , . , Dep. Master Fields . ( Dep).
603
Add, Joined Fields . (, , , ) .

MasterFields Table .
(Active = true) .
. 9.42

Indexes
Dlail
M
Add
Joined Fields
(. 9.43), ,
, . , ,
& , .
9.10.2 (lookup fields)

, .
Table, , ,
.
. , ,
2, , , , . Dep Proizv. Tablel.
2 ,
.
New Field.
,
(. 9.43). (Nome) .
. () . , ,
,
. Dep
Proizv, .
(Size).
, Field
type Lookup. Key Fields (
) , (2). ,
.
Dataset , (Tablel). Lookup Keys ( )
( Dep Tablel). , ,
Result Field (Proizv). .
604
. 9.43

ill
Field properties ~~ ~
Hamr
Opponent )2
Ivpe ] oof ean

, Field type
ata
<* Lookup
<"" Calculated
Lookup definition
&w Fields.
_2J Djtaset
JDep
JTablei
_-j BesuSReld: jProisv
, Loofcijp Keys JDep
Cancel
Help
, Pro.
DisplayLabel (), ,
, , , DisplayValues ( true false), , .;..
, , DBGrid, (. . 9.44).
. 9.44

(
)
S
. 1330
. 1965
JflxJ
Hex 1|
I . 1937
{ . 1975
. 1950
. 1930
. 1975
. 1961
, Pro
FieldKind ( fkLookup), KeyFields, LookupDataset, LookupKeyField LookupResultField. , .
. 9.7 , DBGrid
Columns ButtonStyle cbsAuto ,
. .
. ?
. , , ,
, , DepLook . 9.43 Result Field Dep. ( DisplayLabel), Dep.
Columns DBGrid Dep
DepLook. , . -
. . 9.44
, 1 2.
LookupCache. , , -
605
. (, ) , . , , , . , .
RefreshLookupList,
.
.
, .
. ,
: DBLookupListBox DBLookupComboBox .
, DataSource, , , DataField
, .
,
DBListBox DBComboBox.
9.11
9.11.1

.
. - .

State , . . :
dslnactive , .
dsBrowse
, .
.
dsEdit
dslnsert
dsSetKey
SetRange. .
,
, .
Close ,
Active false. State dslnactive.
Open ,
Active true. State dsBrowse.
Edit dsEdit.
Insert InsertRecord , ,
C++Builder, State dslnsert.
606
EditKey, SetRange, SetRangeStart, SetRangeEnd ApplyRange, ,

State dsSetKey. .
. , . , ,
dsEdit Edit,
EDatabaseError Dataset not in edit or insert mode Edit Insert.
9.11.2
, , .
Post. ,
dsEdit dslnsert. , , Tablel>Post().
, .. .
, dsEdit dslnsert.
, , Cancel. , Post, , , , dsBrowse.
, Post
.
- , , - . ,
. , Table.

Table. , Post BeforePost,
AfterPost. Beforelnsert Afterlnsert
Insert .. .
BeforePost. :
void
fastcstll TForral: :TablelBeforePost (TDataSet *DataSet)
<
if ( )
<
if (Application->MessageBox(
" ?",
" ",
MB_YESNOCANCEL + MB_ICONQUESTION) != IDYES)
(
DataSet->Cancel ();
Abort () ;
}
)
else
(
Application->MessageBox (" ", "", MB__ICONSTOP) ;
Abort () ;
607

Post, : ,
.
. ,
Abort, Post. dsEdit, , .
, ,
. , Cancel,
Abort. Cancel ,
, .. . Cancel DataSet. , BeforePost , Post. DataSet
. DataSet
, , Tablel.
, BeforePost
.
:
- , ,
,
, . .
, .
9.11.3
, Post,
Insert, Delete .., .
, , , .. .
, . .
CachedUpdates
Table. false .
true, .
Apply Updates.
CancelUpdates, , ApplyUpdates, .
ApplyUpdates ,
. CommitUpdates,
ApplyUpdates, ,
, . ,
Rollback, .
, ,
. 9.45. . .
. , , , . , .
608
. 9.45
,

--.
{,
| | . !.;
1950
I960
1355
UBXI
1961
1930
1965
1962
_ 2
if
1930
1937
1
- -
1975
~ "
. Tablel CacliedUpdates true. modif, "!:

bool modif - false;
OnClick :
Tablel->CachedUpdates = ! Tablel->CachedUpdates;
BApplyUpdaCes->Enabled = Tablel->CachedUpdates;
BCancelUpdaCes->Enabled = Tablel->CachedUpdates;
if (Tablel->CachedUpdates) modif = false;
,
( BApplyUpdates) - ( BCancelUpdates) , , false modif.
AfterEdit, AfterDelete Afterlnsert Tablel ;.'1
:
if
(Tablel->CachedUpdates) modif = true;
modif , ;1
.
OnClick
Tablel->ApplyUpdates();
Tablel->CommitUpdates();
modif = false;
OnClick
Tablel->CancelUpdates();
modif = false;
modif false, .
OnCloseQuery :
if ( T a b l e l - > C a c h e d U p d a t e s & modif)
switch
" ? 1 1 ,
" " ,
MB YESNOCANCEL + MB ICONQUESTION))
Tablel->ApplyOpdates() ;
break;
c a s e IDCANCEL: CanClose = false;
break;
Tablel->CancelUpdates
();
case IDNO:
case IDYES:
609
?. ApplyUpdates. CancelUpdates.
, (CanClose false).
, .
9.11.4
TField
TStringField, TSmallintField, TBooleanField ..
:
(Table .)

TField , : . (
).

.
. , , , . ,
, ,
.
TField
.
:

TField*
Fields[int i], i . , C++Builder, 0. , Tablel>Fields[O] Tablel.
FieldByNa(""). , Tablel>FieldByName("Fam") ,
Fam.
,
. C++Builder
(Name) . , TablelDep.
, . ,
. ,
, . TablelDep
.
Name
. .
, ,
.
, . ,
, 20 C++Butldcr 6
610
Fields[i] ( i ), FieldByName(s) ( s ).
TField
. Readonly, DisplayLabel, CustomConstraint
. , .
Value. Variant, ..
. , Tablel>FieldByName("Fam")>Value
, a Tablel->FieldByName("Year_b")>Value .
, . , AsString
,
.
EDep->Text = Tablel->FieldByName ("Dep") ->AsString;
EYear->Text = Tablel->FieldByName("Year_b")->AsString;
ESex->Text = Tablel->FieldByName("Sex")~>AsString;
EDep, EYear ESex Dep, Year_b Sex, Dep ,

Year_b , Sex . Sex
DisplayValues, ESex
true false. DisplayValues,
; ;, .
AsString . , EDep, EYear ESex,
, , :
Tablel->Edit();
Tablel->FieldByName("Dep")->AsString = EDep->Text;
Tablel->FieldByName("Year_b")->AsString = EYear->Text;
Tablel->FieldByName("Sex")->AsString = ESex->Text;
Tablel->Post();
Year_b Sex . , ESex .

: t f, true false, >>,
.
, ( Edit), ,
. , ,
,
. .
AsString Aslnteger, AsFloat,
AsBoolean, AsDateTime. Aslnteger
32- , AsFloat , AsBoolean
, AsDateTime C+H-Builder TDateTime.
.
DataType,
: ftUnknown (), ftAutoInc ( ),
ftString () ..
611
9.11.5
, :
Fibrst
Last
Next
Prior
MoveTo(int i)
( i > 0) ( i < 0) i
, dsEdit, Post, ,
, . Cancel
. , , dsEdit,
( . 9.11.2 , ), - (,
dsBrowse).
, . , Prior,
, Next, .
, : Eof (end-of-file) ,
Bof (beginning of file) . true,

, Last First.
.
CBdep, ,
Dep , Tablel.
:
CBdep->1 () ;
Tablel->First();
while (!Tablel->Eof)
<
CBdep->Items->Add(TablelDep->AsString);
Tablel->Next () ;
)
CBdep->ItemIndex = 0;
Tablel->First () ;
CBdep.
. , , Tablel>Eof.
Dep, Next . .
9.11.6
. , SetKey, FindKey, Lookup Locate.
612
SetKey.
,
. dsSetKey. SetKey. dsSetKey , . dsSetKey
. GotoKey , . ,
. ,
GotoKey false.
GotoKey, GotoNearest. , . ..
, . GotoNearest . ,
" .
, , (
Year_b) EYear,
:
Tablel->IndexFieldNames = "Year_b";
Tablel->SetKey();
Tablel->FieldByName ("Year_b") ->AsString = EYear->Text,if (! Tablel->GotoKey() )
ShowMessage(" ");
Year_b, dsSetKey, ,
.
, EFam, :
Tablel->IndexFieldNames - "Fam";
Tablel->SetKey ( ) ;
Tablel->FieldByName("Fam")->AsString EFam->Text;
Tablel->GotoNearest ;
, ( ).
FindKey . , . FindKey :
bool
fastcall FindKey(const System::TVarRec * KeyValues,

const int KeyValues_Size);
KeyValues : , , , . . KeyValues_Size ,
. 0, KeyValues_Size
, .
FindKey
FindNearest, ,
.
, FindKey. FindNearest
. , .
613
FindKey FindNearest OPENARRAY,

:
OPENARRAY(TVarRec,( ))
OPENARRAY , 19 , .
. ,
. :
Tablel->lndexFieldNames = "Fam";
Tablel->FindNearest(STVarRec(EFam->Text) , 0) ;
,
, , EDep, OPENARRAY :
Tablel->lndexFieldNames = "Dep;Fam";
Tablel->FindNearest(OPENARRAY(TVarRec,(EDep->Text,EFam->Text)));
Dep Fam,
. ,
. .
. . EFam
,
. Fam. OnChange
EFam
T a b l e l - > F i n d N e a r e s t ( S T V a r R e c ( E F a m - > T e x t ) ,0) ;
Locate. , , , .
:
bool
fastcall Locate(const System::AnsiString KeyFields,
const System::Variant iKeyValues,
TLocateOptions Options);
KeyFields , . KeyValues . Options ,
loCaselnsensitive
, , loPartialKey . false, .
Locate
. , ( )
TLocateOptions SearchOptions;
SearchOptions < loPartialKey < loCaselnsensitive;
Tablel->Locate{"Fam",EFam->Text, SearchOptions);
, .
, ,
.
:
Tablel->Locate("Fam", EFam->Text,
SearchOptions<loPartialKey<loCaseInsensitive);
614
VarArrayOf, Variant
. ,

Variant locvalues[] = (EDep->Text, EFam->Text};
Tabiel->Locate("Dep;Fam", VarArrayOf(locvalues, 1) ,
SearchOptions<loPartialKey<loCaselnsensitive);
Lookup.
:
System::Variant
fastcall Lookup(
const System:: AnsiString KeyFields,
const System::Variant SKeyValues,
const System::AnsiString ResultFields);
Locate. ,
, Variant.
, false.
, , , EFam, EDep , , :
EDep->Text = Tablel->Lookup("Fam",EFam->Text, "Dep");
Lookup . . . ,
KeyValues Lookup
Locate. .
9.11.7
. , . SetRangeStart dsSetKey

. SetRangeEnd ,
.
, Apply Range.

, .
,
Tablel->IndexFieldNames = "Fam";
Tablel->SetRangeStart() ;
Tablel->FieldByName("Fam")->AsString = "A";
Tablel->SetRangeEnd() ;
Tablel->FieldByName ("Fam")->AsString = "";
Tablel->ApplyRange();
, , , , .
SetRangeStart SetRangeEnd
KeyExclusive. , ( KeyExclusive = false,
), ( KeyExclusive =
61!
true). , KeyExclusive = false $ >, KeyExclusive = true >, <. , , ,

Tablel->IndexFieldNames = "Year_b" ,Tablel->SetRangeStart();
Tablel->FieldByName("Year_b")->AsInteger = 1950;
Tablel->SetRangeEnd();
Tablel->FieldByName ("Year_b") ->AsInteger = I960,Tablel->ApplyRange();
, 1950-1960,
1950 1960.
Tablel->IndexFieldNames = "Year_b";
Tablel~>SetRangeStart ();
Tablel->FieldByName("Year_b")->AsInteger = 1950;
Tablel->KeyExclusive = t r u e ;
Tablel->SetRangeEnd();
Tablel->FieldByName("Year^b")->AsInteger = 1960;
Tablel->ApplyRange();
, 1950 , .
SetRange.
:
void
fastcall SetRange(const
const
const
const
System::TVarRec * StartValues,
int StartValues_Size,
System:: TVarRec * EndValues,
int EndValues_Size);
StartValues EndValues , . , SetRange

SetRangeStart, SetRangeEnd ApplyRange. , , ,
:
Tablel->IndexFieldNames = "Fam";
Tablel->SetRange(STVarRec("A"),0,STVarRec(""),0) ;
, , ^
TVarRec ( , OPENARRAY), . 9.10.6.
,
-, , 1, :
Tablel->IndexFieldNames = "Dep;Fam";
Tablel->SetRange(OPENARRAY(TVarRec,(" 1 " , " " ) ) ,
OPENARRAY(TVarRec,(" 1 " , " " ) ) ) ;
9.11.8
Table , . .
616
CreateTable
, Table, Fields FieldDefs.

, TableName
, .
, , , - , TableName
.
DeleteTable
,
DatahascNamc TableName. .
RenameTable(s) ,
, s. .
Deletelndex(s)
s .
i
,
Dep. , Tablel,
, .
// Tablel
Tablel->Active = False;
//
Tablel->TableName = "Dep.db";
// ,
if(! Tablel->Exists)
{
//
Tablel->TableType = ttParadox,//
Tablel->FieldDefs->Clear();
//
TFieldDef *pNewDef = Tablel->FieldDef s->AddFieldDef () ;
//
pNewDef->Name = "Dep";
pNewDef->DataType = ftstring;
pNewDef->Size = 20;
pNewDef->Required = True;
//
pNewDef = Tablel->FieldDefs->AddFieldDef();
pNewDef->Name "Proisv";
pNewDef->DataType = ftBoolean;
//
Tablel->IndexDefs->Clear();
// -
Tablel->IndexDefs->Add("","Dep",
TIndexOptions() <ixPrimary < ixUnique);
// CreateTable
Tablel->CreateTable();
Tablel->Open();
//
Tablel->Insert();
Tablel->FieldByName("Dep")->AsString = "";
Tablel->FieldByName("Proisv")->AsBoolean = false;
Tablel->Post();
617
9.12

, . . . 9.46 9.47.
. 9.46

<~
jljexi
_3
(
|
1 {
J
jr.. {|
19?6 27
1960 42
[Z0
(*"
zl
*
>
IH
...

.
Tablel 2.
Tablel Dep dbP. . Tablel DataSourcel. 2 Pers. ,
Tablel. 2 MasterSource = DataSourcel
MasterFields = Dep. 2 DataSource2,
TDBGrid, Tpers.
.

TComhoBox, CBdep.
Tablel, .. .
.
Tpers . Tpers .
,
, DBEditl TDBEdit,
Tablel DataSourcel Proisv.
CBdep DBEditl .
, . OnCreate CBdep:
Tablel->First();
CBdep->Clear () ;
while (!Tablel->Eof)
'
CBdep->Items->Add(TablelDep->AsString) ;
Tablel->Next () ;
]
CBdep->Items->Add(" ");
CBdep->ItemIndex = 0;
Tablel->First () ;
Table2->Active = t r u e ;
'
Tablel , CBDep, Dep Tablel. , .

, .
Tablel CBDep. OnChange :
if (CBdep->ItemIndex CBdep->Items->Count-l)
Table2->MasterFields = " " ;
Table2->IndexFieldNames = "Fam;Nam;Par";
DBEditl->DataSource = NULL;
}
else
{
Table2->MasterFields = "Dep";
Table2->IndexFieldNames = "Dep;Fam;Nam;Par";
Tablel->FindNearest(STVarRec(CBdep->Text), 0) ;
DBEditl->DataSource = DataSourcel;
)
/* TPers,
*/
TPers->SetFocus () ;
( ), Tablel
2 MasterFields
2. DBEditl . 2
. Tpers. ,
Tpers CBDep.
CBDep ,
2 DBEditl Tablel.
2, Dep,
. FindNearest Tablel , .
Tablel , Tpers DBEditl.
.
,
,
. OnClick :
Table2Dep->Visible = CheckBoxl->Checked;
Dep .
,
Form2, . . 9.7 (. . 9.39).
.
PageControll TPageControl.
619
. 9.46.
. 9.5.5, , . Editl OnChange
:
if
(CBdep->Text -= " ")

Table2~>FindNearest(STVarRec(Editl->Text) , 0);
else
{
Variant locvalues[] = (CBdep->Text, Editl->Text);
Table2->Locate("Dep;Fam", VarArrayOf(locvalues,1) ,
SearchOptions<loPartialKey<loCaseInsensitive) ;
)
, FindNearest
( , Locate).
Editl. ( )
Locate, , CBdep->Text,
Editl->Text.
PageControll
, . 9.47. . , , , , .
. 9.47

[ 1
*J
jgxj
; '
^
.-$/\;!

)|
1937
1361 41
1975 27
195D 42
, , ( ). ,
.
Modified DBMemol, (. . 9.39), . , Clipboard, DBImagel Clipboard Ctrl-V.
, , . ChangePhoto, true.
620

, . .. , ,
Edit, DBEdit.
. TPers
Options dgEditing = false,
.
2 OnAfterScroll 2
:
if
(PageControll->ActivePage == TabEdit)
(
RGF->ItemIndex = 0;
CBEDep->ItemIndex =
CBEDep->Items->IndexOf (Table2Dep->AsString)-;
EFam->Text = Table2Fam->AsString;
ENam->Text = Table2Nam->AsString;
EPar->Text = Table2Par->AsString;
SEYear->Value = Table2Year_b->AsInteger;
if (Table2Sex->AsBoolean)
RGSex->ItemIndex - 0;
e l s e RGSex->ItemIndex = 1;

CBEDep->ItemIndex = CBEDep->Items->IndexOf(Table2Dep->AsString);
:
CBEDep->Text
Table2Dep->AsString;
.. CBEDep >Text Dep? , CBEDep Style = csDropDownList,

, , . Text. IndexOf, CBEDep>Items ( TStrings), ,
, CBEDep>ltemlndex.

OnAfterScroll 2, .. 2. OnChange
PageControll, .. .
Form2->DBMemol->Read0nly - !
(PageControll->ActivePage == TabEdit);
,
, .
;
?
. OnClick :
AnsiString s;
const AnsiString si =",";
if (Table2Dep->AsString != CBEDep->Text)
s "";
if (Table2Fam->AsString != EFam->Text)
{
if (s != "") s += si;
s += " ";

if
f
621
(Form2->DBMemol->Modified)
i f (s !- "") s += s i ;
s += " ";
)
if (ChangePhoto)
(
if (s != "") s += si;
s += " ";
)
if (s != )
if
(Application->MessageBoxj
(" " + s + " ? " ) . c _ s t r ( ) ,
" ",
MB__YESNO + MB_ICONQUESTION) == IDYES)
{
T a b l e 2 - > E d i t () ;
Table2Dep->AsString = CBEDep->Text;
Table2Fam->AsString = EFam->Text;
Table2Nam->AsString = ENam->Text;
T a b l e 2 P a r - > A s S t r i n g = EPar->Text;
T a b l e 2 Y e a r j 3 - > A s I n t e g e r = SEYear->Value;
Table2Sex->AsBoolean = (RGSex->ItemIndex -= 0) ;
CanPost = t r u e ;
T a b l e 2 - > P o s t () ;
CanPost = false;
Form2->DBMemol->Modified - false;
ChangePhoto=false;
);
, ,
, ?, , .
Post.
Modified ChangePhoto,
.
Post , CanPost.
? ,
DBMemol
Form2 TDBImage Form2 .

. BeforePost 12

if ( ! CanPost)
{
DataSet->Cancel(> ;
Abort () ,-
, CanPost = false. .. . Post CanPost true .

, , . OnClick Table2->Insert(), -
622
.
Pers.
, , : 2 Num.
. 2,
.
2, Post , . ,
. .
OnClick
if
" ? " ,
" " ,
MB_YESNO + MBÎCONEXCLAMATION) == IDYES)
T a b l e 2 - > D e l e t e () ;

.
. , . , , , , ,
.
9.13
, , . C++Builder TDataModule.
, , , , , .
C++Builder . C++Builder 4, 5 6. C++Builder 4
. C++Builder 5 . C+4-Builder 6
. : C++Builder 6
(. 2.5.5).
.
, C++Builder. C++Builder 4.
+-I-Builder 4
C++Builder File | New Data Module. File | New New Dato Module.
(. . 9.48), ( Table,
), (DataSource) ,
.
623
. , , .
9.48
C++Builder 6 4
Queiji DataSoutce2 Oatabatel
, ,
uses, . ,
File | Include Unit Hdr.
OnCreate OnDestroy,

( Tablel>Active = true) ( Tablel>Active = false).
C++Builder 5
(Data Module Designer). File | New New Data Module. ,
. 9.49 9.50.
, , .. :
Components (. 9.49), Data Diagram
(. 9.50).

Components. Components
.
9.49

C++Builder
IttDatiiModuleS
*> Defau!i {Sesso
i n}
-:->| DEP DB {TDep}
H ^ Constants
*^ 0- TCheckConsta
i rt
V$ DSDep
!.t; -AFiFee
ildd
l sDesl
T; 3*
*| O-Dep{TDepDep}
, 1 -PtobvjTDepProisv}
- - ^ IndexDefs
A O-TDepindexi
t PersDBfTPers}
Component! | D#a
.
TDep
Pes
T
r
BSOI
DSDep
DSPers
Components
. - , , Table ( . 9.49 9.50 Table TDep
TPers), .
Table , Fields Editor , Explore
SQL Explorer. , , .
624
9.50

C++Builder 5

' Derate {Sesso

i n!
j
!.;dbPWas)
\k
-, J1DEP-DB {TDep}
- ^ Constran
i ts
S 0 TChe
% OSOeo
awwx ^ &
Dcp - Pec
Fields,
, Add fields
, Add all fields , New field , , .
. ,
Fields Editor. - , . , .
, . , DataSource ( . 9.49 9.50 DSDep DSPers)
, , , Table. DataSet . ,
.
Data Diogram (. 9.50)
.
, , .. , .

. .
.
, Color, .
, ,
Ctrl, ,
. -
625
Ctrl Shift, .
, , "-". ,
, ,
, ( . 9.50 ).
, , . . , . . 9.50
,
Session.
. .
.
, , . . 9.50
, DSDep. ,
DataSet, , DataSet. , MasterSource, MasterSource TPers TDep.
, , , Remove Relationship
. .
. .
.
. 9.50 , TPers TDep. , ( . 9.50 Dep).
, .

(. . 9.10.2). . 9.50 TPers TDep, TPersPro. , .
. , , , , . -
, ,
.
, .
. Comment block ( . 9.50).
(. . 9.50). Comment Allude ( ) , , .

. . 9.50 Dep Pers
. , , ( Starts With) ( Ends With).
626
,
,
Bring to front ( ) Send to back ( ).

. File | Print
Print. , .
, ,
(Print Text as Graphics).
.
. . , ,
.
, dbP: , Dep, ,
Pers. Dep, (. . 9.10.1).
Pro, Proisv Dep
(. . 9.10.2).
(
Components) Table. ( DatabaseName) dbP, ( TableName) Dep Tablel Pers Table2. 2 IndexName depfio IndexFieldNames Dep;Fam;Nam;Par.
, 2 Dep, .
.
, Tablel 2,
Master Detail ( . . 9.51),
. ,
Tablel, , , ,
2. .
2 ,
. 9.10.1 (. 9.42). ,
Dep . ,
(. 9.51).
(Dep), .
DataSourcel ,
. 9.51

IftJOntaModuM
** DataMuduld
C~ 4 Delault (SsssorJ
j-i *, dbP Was}
,&j Constraints
on )
TatlePra
t i l !*1) 1
.J, FindOr's
s i
.- *% PERS.DB [T(Ote21 A
^ HeUieis
* Cj Fields
PERS 08 I
--
>
^^^Masler5cur;e
{12} 1
JDa'aSa1
''it OataSausce')
<u
1.
1.
627
Tablel. DataSourcel Data Diagram,

, DataSet MasterSource 2.
, .
2 Pro.
Data Diagram Lookup ( ) 2 Tablel. (. . 9.10.2, . 9.43). , . 9.43. 2 , Tablel 2 .
, ,
. ,
. 9.51,
Send to back. , .
, . 9.61.
DataSourcc2, 2. DataSource
, . 2, .
. ,
.
2. Table2. A
DataSource2 , Property
( ) DataSource2 2. DataSource2 2 DataSet.
.
Tablel 2
, , , , , .
, C++Builder 5
. , , ,
, , .
C++Builder 6 File | New | Data Module
, , New Data Module. , C++Builder 4 (.
. 9.48). Object TreeView ( , View | Object
TreeView) . 2.5.5.
C++Builder 5. C++Builder 5
C++Builder 6. , (. 9.49-9.51) C++Builder 6 : Components C++Builder 6,
Data Diagram , C++Builder 6.
628
9.14
9.14.1
, BDEClientDataSet,
ClientDataSet , ,
TDataSet, , ,
. , , , , .
, .
, MyBase .
,
- , . ,
.
. , , . , , . , , , .
.
, .
9.14.2 ,
BDE BDEClientDataSet, C++Builder 6
BDE ( C++Builder ). ClientDataSet, C++Builder 6 Data Access.
FileName. ( ), . FileName , . , FileName, , , .
LoadFromFile:
void
f a s t c a l l L o a d F r o m F i l e ( c o n s t A n s i S t r i n g FileName = " " ) ;
FileName ,
, FileName. ,
ClientDataSetl->LoadFromFile("");
,
. , , . LoadFromFile .
629
SaveToFile .
:
void
fastcall SaveToFile(const AnsiString FileNarae - "",
TDataPacketFormat Format = dfBinary);
FileName LoadFromFile. A
Format
:
dfBinary
dfXML
XML escape-
dfXMLUTF8
XML ,
UTF8
(. 9.11.3),
, SavePoint. ,
. -
,
int MySavePoint;
MySavePoint = ClientDataSetl->SavePoint;
, ,
ClientDataSetl->SavePoint = MySavePoint;
,
,
MySavePoint - ClientDataSetl->SavePoint;
, , (. 9.5.2). IndexName lndexFieldName. ,
Table,
,
.
lndexFieldName , , . , Dep;Fam;Nam;Par , , . ,
9.14.3, , . IndexName. , , .
IndexDefs.
. New,
. Name , . Fields
, lndexFieldName.
630
Name Fields ,
IndexName
. , & .
Filter Filtered '
, Table 9,5.6.
. ,
. ++15 | 3 ] .
9.14.3
& .
, - , ..
, , ,
, * , ClienffiataSet. New, . , . 9.52, (, 9.31)
: tnternctiColc Aggregate.
, ,
9.5,4, ,
. Aggregole
. Name, Aggregate.
. 9,52

. 9.52,
,
. , , Expression.
, . , , ,
:
Sum
.
, , .
Count
. imt(*) , .
631
Min
, ,
.
, ,
.
, : , . . :
Max(YearjD)
- Min(Year_b)
Year_b.
Sum(Year_b)
/ Count(Year_b)
Year_b, ,
Avg(Year b)

Avg(2002 - Year_b)
, , 2002 .
, , true Active . , AggregatesActive true.

, . , - ,
,
. , , ..
IndexName .
9.14.2.
.
IndexName , . GroupingLevel , , . , , Dep;Year_b, , ,
. ,
Count(*)
GroupingLevel = 1, , . GroupingLevel = 2,
, , ..
.
GroupingLevel = , .
9.14.4
- , -, . , -
632
, . DataSetProvider Dato Access.

ProviderName.
DataSetProvider.
DataSet ,
. : Table, Query,
.. ,
XML. . , Resolver. , . Resolver = nil.
,
.
ResolveToDataSet ,
, . ResolveToDataSet = true , DataSet.
DataSet.
ResolveToDataSet = false , DataSet. , DataSet. ,
, DataSet , , .
Open , FileName, ,
-, , , .
Data OleVariant.
Data,
. , -
DataSetProviderl ClientDataSetl,
ClientDataSetl->Data = DataSetProviderl->Data;
- -.
ApplyUpdates
:
virtual int
fastcall ApplyUpdates(int MaxErrors);
MaxErrors ,
. MaxErrors = - 1 , . ,
.
,
. , , ,
CloneCursor.
:
virtual void
fastcall CloneCursor(
TCustomClientDataSet* Source, bool Reset,
bool KeepSettings = false);
633
Source ,
. Reset KeepSettings ,
.
Reset, KeepSettings false, , , : Filter, Filtered, FilterOptions, OnFilterRecord, IndexName, MasterSource, MasterFields, Readonly, RemoteServer,
ProviderName. , ,
. Reset = true, . Reset = false, a KeepSettings = true, .
, .
.
.
.
, , Readonly, .
9.14.5
, ,
. , , . 9.53.
. 9.53

|
}
|
[[
9 54 1965
1950
1
5
1930
1937
7 1
19G1
4 1
1975
8 1
JZ.
]
1:
5:'
7 : 1
.
4:llex1
8 ; 1
,
Pers dbP Table.
, .
, ClientDataSet. ,
, . . , , .
,
, . . ,
.
634
, . , . .
.
. 9.54. .
. 9.54

(DBImagei)
Table! DataSctrcel PaiaSetProvideii
|DBImage2J
Cfen!DataSet1
DalaSomceS
,
. Tablel, DataSourcel DBGridl
Pers dbP.
, (
) . Charact Photo, . , ,
. Tablel ReadOnly true, .
IndexName depfio, . DBImage
Photo;
ClientDataSetl, DataSource2
DBGrid2. DBGrid2 DataSource
DataSource2, DataSet DataSource2 ClientDataSetl. DBNavigator DataSource2.
, ,
FileName ClientDataSetl , , ,1, . .
, .. .
,
. , Delphi .
. FileName .
.
635
.
DataSetProvider. DataSet
Tablel. ProviderName ClientDataSetl DataSetProviderl. .
ClientDataSet,
. CreateDataSet . ClientDataSetl
Tablel, , , Tablel. , , Tablel, . Assign Local Data
, ,
.
Tablel. , , Tablel.
Load from MyBase toble ,
, .
, Save to MyBase XML table, Save ta
MyBase XML UTF8 table, Save to binary MyBase file. (
) , ClientDataSet. Clear Data .
, XML MyBase,
. ,
. , . , ClientDataSet.
. , ClientDataSet , .
. 9.54 ,
( , ).
, ,
ClientDataSetl , depfio,
, . , 9.14.2, IndexDefs.
. New, .
Name depfio, Fields Dep;Fam;Nam;Par.
ClientDataSetl IndexName depfio.
, . 9.14.3. . Count.
Expression Count(Dep) .
GroupingLevel 1, IndexName depfio.
, depfio -
636
( depfio
Dep). true Active Count.

. CountAH.
Expression Count(Dep). , Dep . GroiipingLevel
, IndexName . , , . true Active CountAH.
CountAH Count(Dep) Count(*) . .
, Dep
(, , ),
.
, true AggregatesActive ClientDataSetl.
DBImage2, DataSource2 Photo, , . . 9.54 : Label, ( . 9.54) DBText, Dep, Count CountAH.
( BDataBase),
( BToFile) ( BRolIback). . :
int MySavePoint;
bool Modified;
void
{
Tablel->Open();
ClientDataSetl->FileName = "XMLl.xml";
ClientDataSetl->Open() ;
ClientDataSetl->SaveToFile("", dfXML);
void
fastcall TForral::BDataBaseClick(TObject 'Sender)
{
ClientDataSetl->ApplyUpdates(-1);
Tablel->Refresh();
Modified = false;
void
fastcall TForml::BToFileClick(TObject *Sender)
{
MySavePoint - ClientDataSetl->SavePoint;
Modified = false;
void
fastcall TForml::BRollbackClick(TObject *Sender)
{
ClientDataSetl->SavePoint = MySavePoint;
Modified = false;

void
fastcall
637
TForml::ClientDataSetlAfterPost(
TDataSet *DataSet)
Modified = true;
void
fastcall TForml::FormCloseQuery(TObject *Sender,

bool SCanClose)
{
if (Modified)
switch (Application->MessageBox(
" . ?",
" ",
MB_YESNOCANCEL+MB_ICONQUESTION))
(
case IDCANCEL: CanClose = false;
break;
case IDNO: ClientDataSetl->SavePoint = MySavePoint;
}
)
/I
void
fastcall
TForml::ForraClose(TObject *Sender,
TCloseAction SAction)
(
Tablel->Close() ;
ClientDataSetl->Close ();
}
. MySavePoint,
.
Modified ,
. .
FormCreate OnCreate, .
Tablel. .
, . . .
, ClientDataSetl. ,
Tablel .
.
, . ,
. ,
. MySavePoint.
BDataBaseClick
.
ApplyUpdates . Tablel,
.
MySavePoint ,
Modified false, , .
BToFileClick .
MySavePoint ,
. , , - , .-
638
SaveToFile, FormCreate. , ..
BRollbackClick .
,
. Modified false, .
ClientDataSetlAfterPost AfterPost ClientDataSetl. Post
(. 9.11.2) - .
Modified true, , . , Post ,
. , . ?
'
FormCloseQuery OnCloseQuery. Modified,
. , . ,
, MySavePoint, ..
.
,
CanClose false.
, .
FormClose OnClose. . .
. . , Windows , , .
9.14.6 BDEClientDataSet
BDEClientDataSet.
BDE . , SQL Database, . 10. , BDE, BDEClientDataSet . , '
. 10.
BDEClient-DataSet , K
. BDEClientDataSet
, . -1
Database
DBConnection CommandText.
|
. *|"
9.14.5, ClientDataSet BDEClientDataSet
, ( File | Sove Project As) (
File | Save As). ClientDataSetl DataSetProvideritf
BDEClientDataSet Database BDH
DatabaseName Databasel dbP. : '
639
. DBConnection
BDEClientDataSetl Database!.. CommandText BDEClientDataSet. SQL .
, , , FileName .
Select * from Pers ( ,
SQL :
Pers).
CommandText , SQL. . , ,
, .
BDEClientDataSet ClientDataSet. depfio
. , , , ,
ClientDataSetl BDEClientDataSetl.
, ,
. 9.14.5. , ,
C++Builder 6, Delphi 6 ( , ). , BDEClientDataSet,
, -, , IndexDefs. , depfio . ,
. C++Builder 6 , . IndexDefs, FormCreate :
TIndexDef *pNewDef = BDEClientDataSetl->IndexDefs->AddIndexDef() ;
pNewDef->Name = "depfio";
pNewDef->Fields = "Dep;Fam;Nam;Par";
BDEClientDataSetl->IndexName = "depfio";
BDEClientDataSetlCount->IndexNarae = "depfio";
BDEClientDataSetlCount->Index = 1;
,
.

10.1 SQL

10.1.1
SQL (Structured Query Language )
70- . .
, , .
, SQL . SQL ANSI, , . , Sybase SQL Server Microsoft SQL , ANSI. InterBase, Oracle
ANSI,
. , InterBase,
. , , . SQL, , .
C++Builder SQL
:
PARADOX dBase SQL.
InterBase
.
SQL SQL Links.
SQL . SQL , , , Select
SELECT, Select, select. SQL, ";". ,
, .
: /*<>*/,
Pascal: {<>}. , , .
SQL.
.
642
- ..
10
10.1.2 Select
10.1.2.1

SQL Select.
, ,
.
C++Builder Query,
SQL,
Select
. C++Builder, Query Dato Access DatabaseName dbP Paradox,
. 9.
ib InterBase. .
(. . 9.3).
DataSource DataSet
Queryl. DBGrid DataSource
DataSourcel.
SQL .
SQL SQL Queryl, , Active Queryl true. .
Select.
:
SELECT > FROM <>
WHERE < > ORDER BY < >;
1 WHERE ORDER BY . WHERE : , . ORDER BY .

<> Table, ,
, , Pers.

Select, ,
. . ,
SELECT Fam, Nam, P a r , Year__b FROM P e r s
, Fam, Nam, Par Yearjb Pers. SQL Queryl, Active Queryl true .
"*" , . ,
SELECT * FROM P e r s
,
,
+, , *, /.
: AS <>.
, . .
643
, Table OnCalcFields. ,
, . , , Query,
+-kBuilder SQL, OnCalcFields.
:
SELECT Fam, Nam,
(2000-Year_b) AS Age FROM P e r s
Age, (2000Year_b).
,
WHERE. , . Select , . ( ), , , , and, or, not :
:=
>
>=
<
<=
Like
between ... and
in
. ,
SELECT Fam FROM P e r s WHERE S e x = f a l s e and Year_b > 1960
, , 1960 .
Like :
<> LIKE ' "^ >'
true,
, "^ >.
"%", . , . ,
Fam
LIKE
'A%'
, , "" ( Like ).
Faro LIKE '%'
,
Fam LIKE '%%'
, , .
644
10
between ... and :

<> between <> and <>
. ,
SELECT Fam, Year_b FROM P e r s
WHERE Year_b BETWEEN 1960 AND 1970
(
1960 1970).
In :
<> in (<>)
, . ,
SELECT Fam, Year_b FROM Pers
WHERE Fam IN('','','')
,
SELECT Fam, Year_b FROM p e r s WHERE Yearjo IN(1950,1960)
.
Select, ORDER BY, () .
, . , ( SELECT).
.
, . ,
SELECT Dep, Fam, Year_b FROM P e r s ORDER BY Year_b
.
,
DESC:
SELECT Dep, Fam, Year_b FROM Pers ORDER BY Yearb DESC
ORDER BY ,
. ,
.. ,
SELECT Dep, Fam, Year_b FROM Pers ORDER BY Dep, Fam
( Dep), .
SELECT Dep, Fam, Year_b, Sex FROM P e r s
ORDER BY Dep, Sex, Fam
, .
10.1.2.2
Select ,
() ,
. ,
, (<>) ,
. ,
SELECT count(*) FROM Pers
Pers.
SELECT c o u n t ( * )
FROM P e r s WHERE D e p = ' U e x 1'
1.
645
, DISTINCT (),
. ,
SELECT count(DISTINCT Dep) FROM Pers
, Dep Pers.
min(<none>), (<>), avg(<none>), sum(<none>) , , . ,
SELECT min(Year_b), max(Year_b),
avg(Year_b) FROM Pers
, ,
SELECT min(2000-Yearjo), max (2000-Year_b),
FROM Pers WHERE Dep=''
avg(2000-Year_b)
, .
Select , . ,
SELECT 1999- (min (Year__b) +max (Year_b) ) /2 FROM Pers
WHERE Dep=''
( )
. , ,
.
2 2., .. , .
,
SELECT
( ), , , ( , ). , , ,
. , ,

SELECT Fam, m a x ( Y e a r J o ) FROM P e r s
. , , .
,
, GROUP
BY. ,
SELECT. : , , . ,
SELECT Dep, count(*) FROM Pers GROUP BY Dep
, 2 : , , :
GROUP BY
HAVING. ,
:
SELECT Dep, c o u n t (*) FROM P e r s
GROUP BY Dep HAVING Dep
''
, , .
646
10
, HAVING. dbP (Paradox) Query HAVING.

InterBase HAVING .
10.1.2.3
, Select,
Select. , , , . ,
. :
SELECT Fam,Year_b FROM P e r s
WHERE Year_b= (SELECT max(Year_b) FROM P e r s )
SELECT max(Year_b) FROM

Pers ,
WHERE Select ( ),
.
. , ,
Pers Persl, , Pers . ,
Database Desktop Pers, Table |
Restructure, , Save as
, Pers, Persl. , , Pers, - . , ,
Persl Pers, ..
. .
, .
SELECT * FROM P e r s WHERE Fam IN (SELECT Fam FROM P e r s l )
Select Fam from Persl

Pers I, WHERE Select Pers , Persl.
WHERE
: Any. All , , a Any . ,
WHERE Year_b >= ALL (SELECT Year_b FROM P e r s l )
Pers, Persl. ,
Persl Pers, , .
WHERE Year_b > ANY (SELECT Year_b FROM P e r s l )
Pers, Pers I.
10.1.2.4
. , ,
.
Pers Dep , . Dep Dep Prosv (true,
). :
647
SELECT Pers.* FROM Pers, Dep

WHERE (Pers.Dep=Dep.Dep)AND(Dep.Proisv=true)
Pers Dep, FROM.

, . , ,
( Dep). Proisv
. WHERE Pers.Dep=Dep.Dep
Dep, Dep Dep Pers. Dep.Proisv=true , Dep Proisv = true.
, ,
, , , .
FROM,
. , ;
SELECT P . * FROM P e r s P, Dep D
WHERE (P.Dep=D.Dep)AND(D.Proisv=true)
Pers , Dep D. ,
, .
.
. , , .

SELECT pi.fam, p2.fam, p l . y e a r _ b FROM Pers p i , Pers p2
WHERE (pl.year_b = p2.year_b) AND (pi.fam != p2.fam)
Pers : pi 2. WHERE . pl.fam != p2.fam , . , , , ,

- , - .
pl.Fam < p2.Fam:
SELECT pl.fam, p2.fam, p i . y e a r _ b FROM Pers p i , Pers p2
WHERE (pl.year_b = p2.year_b) AND (pl.fam != p2.fam)
and (pi.Fam < p2.Fam)
pi 2
.
, , . ,
,
. (outer join). : , .
( LEFT OUTER JOIN ... ON)
, ,
. (
RIGHT OUTER JOIN ... ON) ,
. ( FULL OUTER JOIN ... ON) , .
, , Pers
Chef, -
10
648
. " , .
, Pers
, , .
Chef ,
.
SELECT * FROM P e r s LEFT OUTER JOIN Chef ON P e r s . F a m = Chef.Fam
:
Pers
Chef
Pers (
FROM) Chef ( LEFT OUTER
JOIN). ON
.
, Pers, Chef.
Pers. ,
, Chef , Chef .

SELECT * FROM P e r s RIGHT OUTER JOIN Chef ON P e r s . F a m = Chef.Fam
:
Pers
Chef
Chef. , , Pers , Pers

.

SELECT * FROM P e r s FULL OUTER JOIN Chef ON P e r s . F a m = Chef.Fam
:
Pers
Chef
, Pers, ,
Chef, Pers.
10.1.3
,
SQL .
, . 10.3.2, 10.3.3
Interactive SQL.
649
Insert,
:
INSERT INTO < > >)
VALUES (< :)
, . .
( ) .
:
INSERT INTO Pers (Fam, Nam, Par, Sex)
VALUES ('', '',
'', true)
.
.
Insert , Select. -
. Insert :
INSERT INTO < > < Select>
, , Old_Pers Pers.
:
INSERT INTO Old_Pers SELECT * FROM Pers WHERE Year_b < 193 9
Old_Pers Pers.
Insert
,
.
Update:
UPDATE < > SET < <>=<>>
WHERE <>
, . , 1 2 1, :
UPDATE Pers SET Dep = ' 1' WHERE Dep = ' 2'
Delete:
DELETE FROM < > WHERE <>
, . ,
1 , :
DELETE FROM P e r s WHERE Dep =
' 1'
10.1.4
Create Table:
CREATE TABLE < >
(< < > <>(<>)>)
.
PRIMARY KEY,
, . , NOT NULL, ,
" . :
650
10
CREATE TABLE P.erson (
Fam char(15) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Nam char(15) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Par char(15) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
Year_b integer
)
Create Table .
, ,
, .
[1].
Drop Table:
DROP TABLE < >
,
. ( ) ,
Drop Table .

Alter Table:
ALTER TABLE < > <> < > < > . . .
<> ADD , DROP . ,

< >. , . :
ALTER TABLE Pers DROP Year_b, ADD Age integer
10.1.5

. Select ORDER BY
, . .
Create Index:
CREATE
INDEX < > ON < > < >
:
CREATE INDEX depyear ON Pers Dep, Year_b
" Drop Index:

DROP
INDEX < >.< >
:
DROP
Index P e r s . d e p y e a r
,

.
:
ALTER INDEX < > DEACTIVATE
ALTER INDEX < > ACTIVATE
651
10.1.6 Query
10.1.6.1
SQL, ,
. TQuery. ,
Table, Query
Table. Query
SQL.
Table Query. Table.
, , , .
Table .
. , .
Query. SQL
( Select), ( ) . , , Table, - . , ,
, . SQL
- ,
. BDE ,
, . Query
, Table. SQL
, Table.
,
Query Table.
.
Table Query, , Query, Table.
Query, C++Builder Query, DataSource, DBGrid. DataSet
DataSourcel Queryl, DataSource
DBGridl DataSourcel. , : (Queryl), (DataSourcel),
(DBGridl). Query.
Query SQL, TStrings. , SQL.

, , SQL, ,
.
SQL ,
TStrings: Clear , Add ..
Query
, ,
.
Query SQL
Builder. -
652
10
. , ++ilder. ,
, .
, , DataBaseName Query , Table, , . , ( ).
DotaSaurce , .
TableName, Table, Query , .. , , SQL. SQL , ,

.
D G i iv n D G G G
'^^s^^**^**^^-^^^***^^^^^.^^^
, Query,
SQL , ,
. SQL ,
Query . , SQL , . .
, SQL , , , :
Select * from pers
, ,
Query. , . :
Select * from pers, dep
,
Active Query true. ,
DBGridl .

, , ,
. , Select . , , ,
. Queryl RequestLive true. , , . , RequestLive true . , :

( ORDER BY)
Sum, Count .
( CashedUpdates false)
653
.
RequestLive true , ,
.
, . 9
Table. ,
Table, (Field Editor). Query,
Query Fields Editor .
(. . 9.5.2, . 9). ( Add), , , -
(Visible), (Readonly), (;), , , , .
(. . 9.6, . 9),
, , ,
.
10.1.6.2 Query
SQL, . : , , .. SQL
, . , .
, ,
.
, :
:< >
, Select WHERE :
WHERE YearjD <= :PYear
- , , PYear.
Query. SQL , , :
Select * from pers where (year_b>:PYear) and (dep=:Dep)
Params, PYear
Dep (. . 10.1).
. :
DataType
(int, string ..)
Name
ParamType
( , . . 10.3.5.2)
Value
Type Value
,
.
654
10
. 10.1

. Params
TParam, Items[Word Index]. ,
,
SQL.
, , -, Value, As String, Aslnteger .. (.
. 9.11.4 . 9 -). ,
f o r ( i n t I = 0; I < Q u e r y l - > P a r a m s - > C o u n t ; I++)
if ( Q u e r y l - > P a r a m s - > I t e m s [ I ] - > I s N u l l SS
Queryl->Params->Items[I]->DataType -- f t l n t e g e r )
Queryl->Params->Items[I]->AsInteger - - 1 ;
-1 ,
. Count , IsNull, true, , DataType,
, Aslnteger, .
:
Queryl->Params->Items[0]->AsInteger = 1950;
Queryl->Params->Items[1]->AsString = "";
( 0) ( 1)
Query 1, SQL Select :PYear :Dep. :PYear , 0.
Items Params ParamValues.
Variant.
, . ,
Queryl->Params->ParamValues["PYear"] = 1950;
Queryl->Params->ParamValues["Dep"] = "";
, . , .
ParamValues . :
Variant par[] = {1950,"");
Queryl->Params->ParamValues["PYear;Dep"]
= VarArrayOf(par,1);
, ParamByName Query. ,
Queryl->ParamByName ("PYear")->AsInteger = 1950;
Queryl->ParamByName("Dep")->AsString = "";
PYear Dep , .
655
,
.
, . , ,
.
10.1.6,3 Query,
Query Table, (. . 9.5, . 9). ,
SQL. , Table, Fields (, Queryl>
Fields[O]) FieldByName (, Queryl>FieldByName('Dep')).
,
Query , Query
.
(, QuerylDep).
Query , SQL , , .
, .
Value,
AsString, Aslnteger .., Table, , Table, , , , .
, Table, DataSource.
,
. , , , . 10 Table. , Dep, ( Dep) , Pers,
Dep , . ,
Dep Pers , .
. Queryl, DataSourcel, DBGridl : DBGridl
DataSource DataSourcel, DataSourcel DataSet Queryl. Queryl Dep.
DatabaseName (, dbP), SQL
Select * from Dep
Active true , :
DBGridl Dep.
, Query2,
DataSource2, DBGrid2, Pers
Select * from Pers
Query2. Active Query2 true

DBGrid2 Pers.
, ,
. . -
656
10
. SQL
Query2
Select * from Pers where
(Dep=:Dep)
: Dep
:Dep. , . , Params Query2. DataSource Query2 DataSourcel , Dep. , :Dep .
,
. , ,
Query2, , Queryl.
SQL Active
Query2 false. true . , , , .
10.1.6.4 Query
Query .
Close , Active
false. - ,
. , SQL Close ,
, .
Open , SQL. , Select. , , Update Insert, Open EDatabaseError. , Select,
ExecSQL. ,
, . .
Prepare.
SQL Close Prepare .
Open ExecSQL :
,
?. , ssql , :
try
{
Queryl->SQL->Clear();
Queryl->SQL->Add(ssql);
Queryl->Open();
)
catch (EDatabaseErrorS)
{
Queryl->ExecSQL();
657
try (. . 13.10.3, . 13) Open. , .. , Select,

EDatabaseError, catch, ExecSQL.
, Query. GetFieldNames, TStrings, . ,
Queryl->GetFieldNames(ComboBoxl->Items);
ComboBoxl ,
Queryl. .
10.1.6.5 ,
Query UpdateSQL
ExecSQL .
( ),
, ,
, , .
, Table (. . 9.11.3, . 9): true CachedUpdates Query ApplyUpdates , CancelUpdates
CommitUpdates .

UpdateSQL. ,
Data Access, , . ,
Query Select, Select .
, , . 9.11.3, . 9. (. 9.45), Tablel Queryl Tablel
Queryl. SQL Queryl Select * from Pers CachedUpdates true.
, , , , . .
.
Query Select .
. UpdateSQL Dota Access. , Queryl UpdateObject
UpdateSQLl.
UpdateObject.
UpdateSQLl. , Name Tag, 3: DeleteSQL, InsertSQL ModifySQL. , , . , .
UpdateSQL,
UpdateSQL UpdateSQL . , . 10.2.
Options UpdateSQL, , : Key Fields Update Fields.
658
. 10.2
UpdateSQL
Opter JSQL I
SQlSanwiton
Quote Field Nanwt
Key Fields , . ,
,
.
. Ctrl , ,
.
Update Fields , .
, , , , . , , .
, Generate SQL.
SQL UpdateSQL, (Modify), (Insert) (Delete) .
DeleteSQL, InsertSQL ModifySQL, .
ModifySQL :
update Pers
set
Nurn - :Num,
Dep = :Dep,
Fam = : Farn,
Nam = : N am,
Par = :Par,
Year b - :ifear b,
Sex = :Sex,
Charact = :: Charact,
Photo = :Photo
where
Mum = :OLD Num and
Dep = :OLD Dep and
Fam = :OLD Farn and
Nam = :OLD Marn and
Par = :OLD Par and
Year b = :OLD Year b and
Sex = :OLD_Sex and
Charact = :OLD_Charact and
Photo = :OLD Photo
Set , , . *
, Update Fields
659
TJpdateSQL. : UpdateSQL. Where , .

, , OLD_. , . Where ,
Key Fields UpdateSQL.
, .
. , -, ,
.
SQL UpdateSQL,
. , -. .
UpdateSQL , , , (.. Query ), . : Field ... is of an unknown type ( ... )

.
UpdoteSQL ,
Query, Query ,
ModifySQL . ,
where Charact Photo,
.
Num, . , set Num, Autoincrement, :
. Charact
Photo, . ,
ModifySQL :
update Pers
set
Dep = Dep,
Fam = Fam,
Nam - Nam,
Par = Par,
Year b = :Year b
Sex = Sex
where
Num OLD Num
DeleteSQL .
660
1
d e l e t e from Pers
where
Nurn = : 0LD_Num
InsertSQL, . 10.2,
:
i n s e r t i n t o Pers
(Num, Dep, Fam, Nam, Par, Year_b, Sex, Charact,
values
(:Nurn, :Dep, : Fam, :Nam, :Par, :Year__b, :Sex,
:Charact, :Photo)
Photo)
, , , Num, . Charact Photo, . :

insert into Pers
(DEP, FAM, NAM, PAR, YEARJ3, SEX)
values
( : D E P , :FAM, :NAM, : PAR, :YEAR_B,
:SEX)
Table
OnClick . :
Queryl->ApplyUpdates {);
Queryl->CommitUpdates();
Queryl->Close ( ) ;
Queryl->Open () ;
modif = f a l s e ;
, , (Close) (Open) Queryl.

, Queryl . , , ,
, ,
. , Queryl,
. , , ( ).
, , ,
Table. , ,
, .
, UpdateSQL DBNavigator
DBGrid. . .
Apply(Db::TUpdateKind
UpdateKind)
UpdateSQL. UpdateKind, ukModify, uklnsert

ukDelete, , ModifySQL, InsertSQL DeleteSQL.
,
UpdateSQLl->Apply(ukModify)
, ModifySQL.
SQL , UpdateSQL, ExecSQL:
ExecSQMDb: : TUpdateKind UpdateKind)
661
, . ,
SetParams (Db: :Tt)pdateKind UpdateKind)
SQL . , Apply SetParams ExecSQL.
10.1.7 SQL
Query Table
, . 9. . Query Table,
. 10.1.6.1, ,
, . ,
.
SQL , , Query .
, .
, ,
. 10.3. .
. 10.3
,

JYuarb
Selea Dep. Fam. Nam, Pat. Yca( FROM PERS WHERE Yeai b
|
>1950 BY Ye a r t .
Dep
2
1
!
F
ja
m
2

1
Nam
|.

1955
1960
1961
1962
195

1975
1975
1
J;
Select Pers. ( TComboBox, CBFilds) ,

. , (
TComboBox, ) , , . , ,
( MSQL). SQL. DBGridl TDBGrid,
DataSource Query TQuery. .
, MSQL
Select . ^
, , , .

, .
662
10
(
WHERE), ( ORDER BY)
( GROUP BY) , , . , , .
.
// ,
//
enum TRegim {RNone, R F i e l d s , RWhere, ROrder,
REndf Regim;
//
void
fastcall TForml::ADDS(String s)
f
'
// Memo s
MSQL->Lines->Strings(MSQL->Line3->Count-l] =
MSQL->Lines->Strings[MSQL->Lines->Count-l] + s;
void
fastcall TForml:iCBFieldsChange(TObject *Sender)
i
if ((Regim == REnd)I|(MSQL->Lines->Count < 1))
ShowMessage(
" ");
else ADDS(" "+CBFields->Text);
}
//
.
void
fastcall T F o r m l : ; F o r m C r e a t e ( T O b j e c t *Sender)
i
//
Query->GetFieldNames(CBFields->Items) ;
CBFields->Items->Insert(0,"*");
CBFields-Mtemlndex = 0;
CBOp-Mtemlndex = 0;
Regim = RNone;
void
fastcall TForml::BbeginClick(TObject *Sender)
i
MSQL->Clear () ;
MSQL->Lines->Add | "Select " ) ;
Regim - RFields;
}
//
void
fastcall TForml::BexecClick(TObject *Sender)
(
if (Regim -= RNone)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
)
if (Regim -= RFields)
ADDS(" FROM PERS");
Regim = REnd;
Query->SQL->Assign(MSQL->Lines);
Query->Open() ;
)
//
void
fastcall TForml::BWhereClick(TObject *Sender)
663
if (Regim == R F i e l d s )
ADDS(" FROM PERS");
ADDS(" WHERE");
Regim = RWhere;
void
fastcall TForml::CBOpChange(TObject *Sender)
i
if ((Regim == REnd) I I (MSQL->Lines->Count < 1))
ShowMessage(" ");
else ADDS(" "+CBOp->Text);
}
//
_
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::BOrderClickiTObject *Sender)
{
if (Regim = RFields)
ADDS(" FROM PERS");
ADDS(" ORDER BY") ;
Regim = ROrder;
)
//
void
fastcall TForml::BGroupClick(TObject Sender)
i
if (Regim RFields)
ADDS{" FROM PERS");
ADDS(" GROUP BY");
Regim = ROrder;
)
. Regim :
enum TRegirn
jRNone,
RField3,
RWhere,
ROrder,
REnd)
Regim;
, . Regim RNone.
Regim .
, , , . ,
BexecClick Regim , RNone, , , ,
. .
.
ADDS,
, MSQL.
. .
, :
void
f a s t c a l l ADDS(String s) ;
FormCreate OnCreate .
CBFields
. GetFieldNames,
TStrings, .
, ,
. , , ,
.
664
10
10.2
10.2.1

, , ,
( ),
/. ,
,
. , - . , , .
?
(transaction). ,
. SQL,
.
, . . , , , .
Post,
. . . ,
. ,
.
:
,
, , . , , .
, . .
, , (
), ,
.
, .
, , .
, . , .
665
10.2.2 , Database
, ,
. TDatabase, C++Builder , i1 . :

'

(
)
,
Database . Data Access.
Database Table, Query , . DatabaseName.
. , BDE, AliasName, DriverName Params .
AliasName, DriverName Params.

, , Database (. 10.4). ,
( Name).
, ( Alias
Name). Defaults ()
Parameter overrides .
- . , , , ( . 10.4 1) Login prompt , .
. , , , .
Keep inactive connection KeepConnection,
.
DatabaseName, AliasName, DriverName, Params
KeepConnection.
. 10.4

Database
arameter cveeides:
BLOBS 70 CACHE-64
BLOB SIZE-32
WAIT ON LOCKS-FALSE
COMMIT RETAIN-FALSE
ROLE NAMEPASSWORD=1|
Opiiont
I
p eep
10
666
Connected () KeepConnection
. KeepConnection true, . KeepConnection false, ,
Connected true .
Translsolation . :
tiDirtyRead
tiReadCommit
tiRepeatableRead
, , .
, .
.
, . ,
,
.
, ,
, tiRepeatableRead -:
,
. tiReadCommit
.
Translsolation
, .
, , . .
Translsolation
tiDirtyRead
InterBase
Read commited
Oracle
Read commited
commited
Sybase & Microsoft

Read
tiReadCommit
tiRepeatableRead
Read commited
Repeatable Read
Read commited Read commited

Repeatable Read Error
(READ ONLY)
( )
StartTransaction
Database.
Translsolation .
Commit, |
. Rollback i]
, *!
Commit.
,
:
Databasel->StartTransaction() ;
(ExecSQL .)
: - Databasel->Commit();
- Databasel->Rollback();
667
Rollback ,
, . , , , , .
II:i .
SQL . , (,
2 1 ):
Tablel->First();
while (! Tablel->Eof)
f
if (Tablel->FieldByName("Dep")->AsString == " 2")
{
Tablel->Edit() ;
Tablel->FieldByName("Dep")->AsString = " 1";
>
Tablel->Next();
}
Tablel->First() ;
, .
Update. ,

. - , , .
, StartTransaction. .

Query :
UPDATE P e r s SET Dep='4ex I1 WHERE Dep=' 2'
,
Bfe , ,
- .

, .

, . , Pers,
, ,
, :
UPDATE
Pers
SET
Dep='
WHERE
1'
(Num BETWEEN
AND
10000)and(Dep='
2')
1!
UPDATE Pers SET Dep-' 1'

WHERE (Num > 10000)and(Dep=' 2')
10.2.3 SQL Monitor

, ,
SQL Monitor, Databose | SQL
Monitor. SQL Monitor . 10.5 . , SQL Monitor -
10
668
SQL, SQL
Links . .
Options | Always on Tap ,
SQL Monitor .
. 10.5
SQL Monitor ()
().
)
RelNa T12.33
im* S02
tampSQL
SQLExecute
StatemeINTRBASE
nt
- Select" from Pers
14
15
16
1
7
1
19
20
21
22
?.1
1233 02
12-33 02
12:33 02
12:33:02
12:33 02
12:33.02
12:33 02
12:33 02
1/M.W
SQL Vendor INTRBASE - c dsql execute

__j
SQL Stmt INTRBASE-Fetch"
SQLVendoi INTRB4SE isc.dsqljelch
SQL Data Out INTRBASE - Column - 1 . Name - NUM. Type SQLDataOut INTRBASE -Column a 2. Name DEP Type = f
-SQL Data Out INTRBASE - Column - 3. Name - FAM, Type - f
SQL Data Out INTRBASE Column . 4. Name . NAM. Type .
SQLOataOut INTRBASE -Column. 6, Name-PAR. Type-f ,
SOI I M a d i i INTRfiA4F-rniumn.fi Nn.YFAR R TutvO
SQL Data Out INTRBASE Column = 7. Nar

Precision = 1, Scale 0, Data .
* SEX. Type fldZSTRINQ
6)
Categories ]
TiaceCdtcgoiies"
p1 gxecutedQueyi Statemente
j? Input Parameters
17 ;lcbedOala
17 Statement Qpaato
j ns
& Qsnnect / Dsi connect
<
l 7 Xtansacto
i ns
p |
. . _
Options | Trace Options (. 10.5 ), , :

Prepared Query ,
Statements
Executed Query
Statements
Statement
Operations
ALLOCATE, PREPARE, EXECUTE, FETCH |
Connect /
Disconnect
(- '
..)
Transactions
: BEGIN, COMMIT,
ROLLBACK, ABORT
BLOB I/O
BLOB ()

Miscellaneous
Vendor Errors
Vendor Calls
API
669
, , Executed Query Statements Transactions. .

.
10.2.4
, . , .
, , , , . , , , , - , . , .
+-I-Builder . , .
, . ,
.
C++Builder . ,
- ,
Update. SQL Where, , . , , ,
.
Table Query UpdateMode . , Where Update. :
up Where All
Where ( )
upWhereChanged Where ,
upWhereKeyOnly Where
upWhereAll , {|. , Where . upWhereChanged , . , ,
, ,
. upWhereKeyOnly, . ,
, ,
.
670
10
10.3 InterBase
/
10.3.1
, , /.
, , Views *
, . , , InterBase. ,
C++Builder InterBase Borland InterBase Server.
Borland Workgroup,
.
Borland InterBase Server , .
, , , . .
, Borland InterBase
Server, InterBase, , SQL, , , Informix, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase .
InterBase, Paradox dBase, ,
.gdb.
, , .
Borland InterBase Server , .
. , ?
InterBase, , /.
10.3.2 IBConsole
, Borland InterBase Server,:
, . , InterBase
, , .
InterBase, C++Builder 6 5, IBConsole ( -;
Server Manager Ibmgr32.exe, *
...\Program Rles\lnterBase Corp\lnterBase\BIN ...\Program Files\Borland\lnterBase;;
BIN). IBConsole Windows | .*]
InterBase. , InterBase ^
, Tads C++Builder. CnoceR
. 15.3.
;
IBConsole , -^
. 10.6. , , InterBase Servers. peris-f
.
671
.10.6
IBConsole
Server | Register
InterBase Servers. , . 10.7.
Local Engine .
(User Name)
(Password). SYSDBA. (, , ) masterkey. , . ,
IBConsole (. 10.6) .
. 10.7

1 K M I S V
SsMsNan'
J- . , . ' .
ASotHanc
1 ' -
tjslvuok FloteCOt
. --J
1
f? gave Atos Infomiatiiyi '
- Loflin n
ItomaSon
ISYSDBA
, , , . 10.7 (
) .
- Server |
Un-Register.

. IBConsole . 10.6.
, . ,
10
672
Server | Login Login ,

. ,
. .
. , InterBase tb,
' , . Database | Register , Databases.
, . 10.8. File
(, , -, ,
) (, .gdb)
. ,
, , .
, .
. 10.8

3v Local Saver
Debase
~ JF \DATABASEMBASE4B GOB
Efe
\b
Jj
|
p Save Alias n
i fctevSc
in
1*
UsetName:
j"
1
a*
-.-.-.. .
1
DsfaulChaiaciniStt
Alias Name ,
. 10.6. .
, (User Name) (Password). . 10.6 . , , .., .
, IBConsole
, . Database | Canned
,
. Canned
As. , , . ,
.
673
, . ,
InterBase ib, , : ,
( ), 1. ,
, ,
( , .
Windows ).
,
Users . 10.6. Add User. ,
. 10.9. (User Name), (Password),
(Confirm Password) .. . ( ) , . . 10.6 .
. 10.9

.''- ' Jfcsi

Requred f nfc*Fneton
User N erne 1*
, gassword
1"
^ P3V90fL]
' Opto
i nalInformato
in
, &sN
l ame
1
Middle -
1
1
Server | User Sequrity.

, ,
. , SYSDBA. , , ,
.
, Database | Create Database
,
Databases. . , . 10.10. File(s)
.
,
. ,
, (
).
. , . 10.10 .
InterBase . File(s) , . , , .
674
. 10.10

10
JJ*J
Svet Local Server
1
[CVRT~
P R egsler daiabsse
ASas
Alias , . 10.6. Options

. , (Default Character Set) CYRL.
10.3.3 Interactive SQL
Interactive SQL SQL . Interactive SQL C++Builder 6 .
10.3.2 IBConsole (. 10.6) Tools | Interactive SQL
. , .
C++Builder Interactive SQL Wisql32.exe, ...\Program
Files\lnterBase Corp\lnterBase\BIN).
Interactive SQL ,
. 10.11. SQL. . , .
. 10.11
Interactive SQL
Transacto
i n si ACTV
I E.
Data |n,
Stabs!
MUM7DEP
j T'EAR
TSEX *
1950
2 1
3 14**2
!**
1%0
1355
4 1
5
1361 *
1330
6 *2
^30
liU
"JNAM
*J
675
, Query | Execute
. , ,
. 10.12.
1, 9.
fromm. A
, Select
* fromm Pers .
21!
. 10.12

Detail Message:
Dynamic SQL Enor
SQL code-104
T oken unknown - line 1, cliar 9
fromm
Statement Select*[romrnPets
,
. 10.11 .
, .
. Transactions | Commit.
Transactions | Rollback ,
Commit. , Commit Rollback
, . 10.11.
SQL. , . , .
Interactive SQL,
ib.gdb, . , . 10.3.2.
.
, . 10.3.2. ,
. 10.11,
Database | Create Database.
. 10.11
, , :
create table Pers (
Num smallint Not Null Primary Key
Dep char (15)
Fam chai'(20) Not Null,
Nam chai'(20) Not Null,
Par chai"(20) Not Null,
Year smallint DEFAULT 1950,
Sex chai"(1) IDEFAULT ''
Charact blob
Photo blob
676
10
create table Dep(
Dep char(15)
Not Null Primary Key,
Proisv char(l)
);
, Pers Sex ()
1 ,
. InterBase ,
.
ib
. Create Table, , [1].
, ,
Query | Execute ( . 10.11).
SQL , .
Insert
Into SQL. :
I n s e r t I n t o PERS(Num, Dep, Fam, Nam, Par, Year_b, Sex)
Values(1, "", "", "", "",
1950,
"")
, . ,
. , . , Query | Previous (
. 10.11). Values.
, Select . 10.11.
, ..
( Query | Sove Output), ,
( File | Save SQL History
.hst .txt), SQL.
Interactive SQL , SQL, Execute query
, .
, script-.
.sql . Query | Load Script ( C++Builder File | Run an ISQL Script).

( ),
,
:
Connect < > User < > Password <>;
:
CONNECT " c : \ t e s t \ i b . g d b " USER "A" PASSWORD " I " ;
SQL.
: /* <> */.
.
createdb.sql ib.gdb, , (
).
677
10.3.4 Views
(views) , , ,
. , , , Pers. , ,
. , .
, , , .

, - (-
) , . , , . -
( , - , - ,
, ), , , .
:
CREATE VIEW < > AS SELECT < >
FROM <> WHERE <>
:
CREATE VIEW DEP_1 AS SELECT Fam, Nam, Par, Year_b, Sex
FROM Pers WHERE Dep = ' 1'
:
DROP VIEW < >
, , ,
:
DROP VIEW Dep_l
10.3.5
10.3.5.1
, SQL ,
. ,
. ,
, . , , ,
. , .
, InterBase,
, . ,
. InterBase Sybase Microsoft SQL .
InterBase 2 : (Execute),
, (Select), ,
, .
. script- -
678
10
Interactive SQL. Interactive SQL ,

script- . Interactive
SQL .
:
SET TERM * ;
CREATE PROCEDURE < > AS
BEGIN
END"4
SET TERM ;
COMMIT;
Set Term ";" "*".

? InterBase SQL,
, ";".
, InterBase, .
, Set
InterBase """. , , """ InterBase. A
";".
Set Term Create Procedure, . AS
, begin end".

InterBase. Set Term ";", Commit
.
.
script-, :
CONNECT < > USER < > PASSWORD <>;
.
. ,
, .
, , Interactive SQL
.
EXECUTE PROCEDURE <>;
: Interactive SQL,
, ..
.
, ,
DROP PROCEDURE <>;
.
, , , , . '
. Getlnf , .
: , , , .
,
0, , , .
679
:
CREATE PROCEDURE Getlnf(pFam char(20), pNam char(20), pPar char(20))
RETURNS (pYear integer, pDep char(15) , pSex char(l))
AS
BEGIN
pYear=0;
SELECT Year b, Dep, Sex From P e r s
WHERE (Fam=:pFam)and(Nam=:pNam)and(Par=:pPar)
INTO pYear, pDep, pSex;
END;
, ,
, , .
. RETURNS. , , , .
.
. pYear, . Select
, Fa , Nam Par , ( pFam, pNam
). , pYear, pDep pSex (
Into) Year_b, Dep Sex, Select. Select ... Into
. , Select . , pYear 0, . , , .
Interactive SQL
:
EXECUTE PROCEDURE G E T I N F ( " " , " " , " " )
. , .
Interactive SQL .
.
DECLARE VARIABLE < >
as.
10.3.5.2
++ilder Data Access StoredProc. .
StoredProc,
DatabaseName, ,
. StoredProcName. ,
.
680
10
Params. , , , .
, Query (. 10.1). ,
. ,
, :
ptUnknown
ptlnput
ptOutput
ptlnputOutput
ptltesult
.
, .
, .
, .
, .
.

. . .
StoredProe
, .
.
Params . ParamBindMode StoredProe . :
pbByName pbByNumber . , ParamByName. , StoredProcl->ParamByName("PFAM") PFAM. , , .
Params . , StoredProcl>rams>Items[0] .
. Params.
.
ParamByName .
, Getlnf.
FamEdit, NamEdit ParEdit, , , . LDep, LYear LSex, . , :
StoredProcl->ParamByName("PFAM")->AsString = FamEdit->Text;
StoredProcl->ParamByName("PNAM"j->AsString = NamEdit->Text;
StoredProcl->ParamByName("PPAR")->AsString = ParEdit->Text;
StoredProcl->ExecProc();
if (StoredProcl->ParamByName("PYEAR")->AsInteger 0)
"",MB J3K);
else
{
LDep->Caption = StoredProcl->ParamByName("PDEP")->AsString;
681
LYear->Caption = StoredProcl->ParamByName("PYEAR")->AsString;
LSex->Caption = StoredProcl->ParamByName("PSEX")->AsString;
)
, , .

, , , .
, .
, ib.
10.3.5.3
. , .
, Selectd,
, .
CREATE PROCEDURE S e l e c t d
RETURNS
(pFam c h a r ( 2 0 ) ,
pPar char(20),
AS
BEGIN
(pDep c h a r ( 1 5 ) )
pNarn c h a r ( 2 0 ) ,
pYear i n t e g e r ,
PSex
char(l))
FOR SELECT Fam, Nam Par, Year_b, Sex From Pers

WHERE (Dep=:pDep)
INTO pFam, pNam, pPar, pYear, pSex
DO
SUSPEND;
END;
Create Procedure , . (
pDep) ,
Returns. , , begin...end,
For Select.
, Select ... Into
, .
, , Do, . ( ) SUSPEND, SQL, .
", . Select,
. . , WISQL :
Select
from Selectd
("")
Select
.
C++Builder
Query, StoredProc, Select. , StoredProc. , , ,
SQL.
10
682
10.4 Microsoft
ActiveX Data Objects (ADO)
10.4.1 BDE ADO
C++Builder 5 Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects (ADO).
ADO , , , ,
. OLE DB.
ADO Borland Database Engine (BDE),
.
ADO (
ADO Windows). , , , Microsoft
SQL Server, ODBC OLE DB ,
.
ADO C++Builder ,
ADO. ADO,
Connection, Command Recordset. C++Builder
ADOConnection, ADOCommand ADODataSet.
ADO : =* ( DataSource)
(DBGrid, DBEdit .).
, , Data
Access , ADO.
, ADO,
, BDE:
ADO
ADOTable
ADOQuery
ADOStoredProc
ADOConnection
ADODataSet
ADOCommand
RDSConnection
BDE
Table
Query
StoredProc
Database
Table, Query, StoredProc
-
1 ADO.
ADOConnection
ADO.
.
ADODataSet
, , BDE Table, Query, StoredProc.

. , ADOConnection.
683
ADOTable
ADOQuery
. , ADOConnection.
SQL, DDL (data definition language), CREATE TABLE.
, ADOConnection.
ADOStoredProc
, . ,
ADOConnection.
ADOCommand
SQL,
.
. , ADOConnection.
, ADO BDB, BDE . ,

, .
ADO . , Paradox ADO .
, , BDE
, Unicode . ADO
.
,
, BDE ADO.
10.4.2 ADO
BDE Table, Query , ADO
DatabaseName, .
ConnectionString,
ADOConnection,
Connection .
ConnectionString
ADOTable. ConnectionString
, .
. C++Builder , .
ADOTable
ConnectionString.
, . 10.13. Use Dofa Link File
. 10.13

Source of C
' Use Date File
&UmQam
on
ictS
n
rig
ns<l TNeads"3,UlD=admniiserCoiri*S3rkc=Yes"
&.
10
684
.ndl. . Use Connection String, , . Build ().

.
, , , C++Builder.
ODBC. Windows. ODBC,
.
ODBC
Windows, , . Windows XP.
, , . 10.13 Build,
.
(Provider , ) OLE DB,
. Microsoft
OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers. , Microsoft SQL
Server Oracle .
, (Connection)
(. 10.14). , , .
,
ODBC. (Use data source name),
(data source name
DSN), ODBC. , ,
, .
(Use connection string)
, DSN.
. 10.14

| \ |
***| ODBC yuawctfre .
1 *1!<
f *1
*"
jCoMjSetHJence^Sai.DBQ-F
2.
*- j
_______
, (
:
"
:
685
(Use connection string) (Build). , . 10.15.

:
(File Data Source),
(Machine Dota Source).
, , .
(New).
. 10.15

**. |

"dBASE Files
EMCBI te
fis
M
S Access Database
MS Access
dBASE
Excel
<l
, '
,
-
,
.
Paradox dbP
Microsoft Paradox Driver (*.db).
. ,
, , , ..
. 10.15,
.
, . 10.15 , (Connection) . . 10.14.
, . 10.13, . Paradox :
Provider-MSDASQL.I; P a s s o r d = l ; P e r s i s t S e c u r i t y Info=True;
User ID=a; Extended P r o p e r t i e s = " C o l l a t i n g S e q u e n c e = A S C I I ;
DBQ=F:\DATABASE\DBPAR; DefaultDir=F:\DATABASE\DBPAR;
D r i v e r H M i c r o s o f t Paradox Driver (*.db ) } ; Driverld=538;
FIL=Paradox 5.X; FILEDSN=D:\Program Files\Common Files\ODBC\Data
Sources\dbP.dsn; MaxBufferSize=2048; MaxScanRos=8; PageTimeout=5;
ParadoxNetPath=D:\WINDOWS\System32; ParadoxNetStyle=3.x;
ParadoxUserName=admin; S a f e T r a n s a c t i o n s - O ; Threads=3; UID=admin;
UserCommitSync=Yes; "
, , .
. 10.14 :
(User name), (Password), (Enter the initial catalog to use). (. User
=). ( )
.
686
10
, (Allow saving password).

, : Password=l. , ,
. ,
,
C++Builder.
(Blonk password) .
, , , , .
(Test Connection) .
. , : Test
connection succeeded, . - ,
.

. 10.14 (Advanced)
. () .
, , ConnectionString
.
. ,
.
. 10.15 ,
- . 10.14
(Use data source name)
.
. 10.15 ,
(File Data Source) . ,
.udl. , ,
Windows. , Windows ( ...Common Files\
System\Ole DB\Data Links), . 10.13 Use Dato Link File .
10.4.3 ADOConnection,

ConnectionString, ,
Connection, ADOConnection. ADOConnection,
, ConnectionString.

Connection ADOConnection.
, ADOConnection, , ADOConnection
.
687
Active = true, .
Connected ADOConnection, , true. : ADOConnection?.
ADOConnection . ADOConnection , , . ADOConnection
. - ADOConnection.
ADOConnection Open:
HIDESBASE void _ fastcall Open(const WideString UserlD,
const WideString Password);
:
ADOConnectionl->Open("A","1");
UserlD Password
. , . 10.4.2, ConnectionString. , . , LoginPrompt ADOConnection true.
LoginPrompt, , Open.
Close. tion , , . KeepConnection true ( ) ,
.
CloseDataSets, , ADOConnection,
ADOConnection.
true false Connected.
.
Connected true, . Connected false KeepConnection false, .
Connected ADOConnection Active
, ADOConnection.
Connected = false, Active true, Connected,
true. ADOConnection Close Connected false, Active false. Connected Active.
ADOConnection Open Connected = true, Active false.
.
.
DataSets ADOConnection, , ADOConnection. DataSetCount. ,
. , :
10
688
for(int i = 0; i < ADOConnectionl->DataSetCount;

ADOConnectionl->DataSets[i]->ftctive = true;

.
CursorLocation ,
: . clUserClient (
) . - .
, . , SQL
; WHERE SQL.
CursorLocation, clUseServer, , . .
.
BeginTrans, ,
. BeginTrans OnBeginTransComplete InTransaction true.
, . OnBeginTransComplete - .
CommitTrans
. CommitTrans OnCommitTransComplete InTransaction false.
RollbackTrans : ,
. RollbackTrans OnRollbackTransComplete InTransaction true.
Attributes , , . ,
, : xaCommitRetaining
xaAbortRetaining.
xaCommitRetaining , ( CommitTrans).
.
xaAbortRetaining , ( RollbackTrans). .
IsolationLevel . :
ilReadUncommitted,
ilBrowse
,
.
ilReadCommitted,
ilCursorStability
, .
ilRepeatableRead
, ,
,
.
ilSerializable, illsolated
689
10.4.4
ADO ADOTable. Table, .
. ConnectionString Connection, . 10.4.2.
, ADOTable, DataSource, DataSet ADOTable. DataSource
.
, Table, TableName.
. SQL SELECT.
: SELECT , TableDirect. TableDirect = false, ADOTable SELECT.
, BDE,
Open true Active. , ADOConnection,
. 10.4.3 Active ADOTable
Connected ADOConnection.
ADOTable , , . CursorLocation
. 10.4.3. CursorType .
:
ctUnspecified
ctOpenForwardOnly .
.
ctKeyset
, , , , , . .
ctDynamic

, : , , . .

. , , .
ctStatic
CacheSize ,
. CacheSize = 1. , ,
CacheSize = 10, 10 . ,
. 10, 10 .. , .
ADOTable ,
Table. , Table Query,
,
690
10
, BDE. ,
: ADO . .
, , ADO
. , Paradox ADO . Pers dbP, ,
Photo .
, BDB,
. .
,
Table Query: Fields[i], FieldByName("<HMH>"), .
ADOTable (. . 9.5.3). , Constraints
Table Query, ADOTable .

IndexFieldNames. ,
, . , Dep Pers Dep
. Dep;Fam;Nam;Par Dep , , . IndexFieldNames BDE,
ADO , , . ADO.
, BDE, Filter, (. . 9.5.5). BDE , ADO Filter .
and or. , BDE :
(Year_b<=1960) and (Year_b>=1940)
ADO :
(Year_b <= 1960) and (Year b >= 1940)
Filter , Filtered = true.

OnFilterRecord (. . 9.5.5).
FilterGroup.
, , ,
. :
fgUnassigned
fgNone
He . .
.
|
-
.
.
1
fgPendingRecords
, ,
UpdateBatch
CancelBatch.
i
fgAffectedRecords
691
fgFetchedRecords
,
.
fgPredicate
fgConflictingRecords ,
, - .
, , ADO , Table Query. First, Next, Last Prior.
, Table: Insert, Edit, Post . ADO Locate Lookup. . 9.11.6.
, BDE, .
SaveToFile:
void __fastcall SaveToFile(const WideString FileName,
TPersistFormat Format);
FileName , . Format .
: pfADTG ADTG (Advanced Data Tablegram),
pfXML XML ( ADO 2.1 ). :
ADOTablel->SaveToFile("Test.adt",pfADTG) ;
LoadFromFile:
void
fastcall LoadFromFile(const WideString FileName);
FileName . .
.
SaveToFile LoadFromFile
- . , , , ,
- - .
ADOTable, , , ,
, Table, MasterSource MasterFields
(. . 9.10.1).
ADOQuery
Query, BDE. SQL. SQL, ,
Query. , ADOTable.
Query
. SQL , Query TParams, , Items Params. , Items, ByName, (. . 10.1.6.2), , :
692
10
// string
Queryl->Params->Items[0]->Value = E d i t l - > T e x t ;
Queryl->Params->Items[0]->AsString = E d i t l - > T e x t ;
Queryl->ParamByName("Dep")->AsString = E d i t l - > T e x t ;
// integr
Queryl->Params->Items[1]->Value = Edit2->Text;
Queryl->Params->Items[1]->AsString = Edit2->Text;
Queryl->PararaByName("PYear")->Value = Edit2->Text;
Queryl->Params->FindParam("PYear")->Value = Edit2->Text;
Queryl->Params->PararaValues["PYear"] - Edit2->Text;
ADOQuery , ,
SQL, Parameters TParameters.
,
TParams. Items,
Value, AsString, Aslnteger .. . ByName, FindParam, GetParamList, ParamValues Parameters,
Params Query. , :
// string
ADOQueryl->Parameters->Items[0]->Value - Editl->Text;
ADOQueryl->Parameters->ParamByName("EDep")->Value = Editl->Text;
ADOQueryl->Parameters->ParamValues["EDep"] = Editl->Text;
// integr
ADOQueryl->Parameters->Items[1]->Value = Edit2->Text;
ADOQueryl->Parameters->ParamByName("PYear")->Value = Edit2->Text;
ADOQueryl->Parameters->FindParam("PYear")->Value = Edit2->Text;
ADOQueryl->Parameters->ParamValues["PYear"] = Edit2->Text;
ADOQuery Query , Query , SQL. ADOQuery .

Parameters ,
Add ( ).
,
, - , , Query.
DataType, Name, Value Query. Direction ADOQuery Query.
Size ,
Precision NumericScale
.
Attributes , psSigned
, psNullable ,
psLong .
ADOStoredProc StoredProc, BDE. . , StoredProc (. . 10.3.5.2).
693
, , dureName, StoredProcName, StoredProc. ,

, Parameters,
ADOQuery, . ADOStoredProc.
,
ADOStoredProc,
Add all fields. , .
, , :
ADOStoredProcl->ExecProc();

ADOStoredProc.
, , ADO.
, , .
10.5 InterBase InterBase Express (IBX)

10.5.1 InterBase Express (IBX)
, C++Builder 5, InterBase,
InterBase , BDE.
InterBase, BDE.
IBX , InterBase :
IBTabie
, Table
.
IBQuery
, Query.
IBStoredProc
, .
IBDatabase
InterBase.
IBTransaction
InterBase. , , . .
IBUpdateSQL

. ,
.
IBSQL
SQL,
C++Builder.
InterBase.
10
694
IBDataSet
IBDatabaselnfo
IBSQLMonitor
IBEvents
SELECT
SQL , .
, IBSQL, .
InterBase,
, , , , ..
/ .
InterBase.
, InterBase.
.
IBX IBDatabase
IBTransaction. IBDatabase ,
IBTransaction . : IBTable, IBQuery, IBStoredProc, IBDataSet, IBSQL, . Database IBDatabase, Transaction IBTransaction. DataSource,

.
. 10.16 ,
IBX. ,
.
. 10.16
(), IBX,
()
695
10.5.2 IBDatabase IBTransaction

IBX , . 10.5.1,
IBDatabase. IBX
, , ADOConnection ADO (. . 10.4.3). , , DatabaseName. InterBase . :
D: \DataBase\dbIbase\Ib.gdb

, .
InterBase , TCP/IP, DatabaseName :
< >:< >
InterBase , NetBEUI, DatabaseName :

\\< >\< >
InterBase , SPX, DatabaseName :

< >@< >
IBDatabase. , . 10.17.
Database ( Browse), : ,
(User Name) (Password). Settings. Login Prompt . ,
Login Prompt, .
. 10.17

SQLDialect SQL, .
LoginPrompt ,
.
Connected . Open -
696
10
, Close . Connected
true false.
CloseDataSets, , IBDatabase,
IBDatabase.
Connected IBDatabase Active , IBDatabase. , . 10.4.3 ADOConnection.
IBTransaction, . StartTransaction.
InTransaction.
true, , .
Commit
Rollback .
StartTransaction , , , Commit Rollback.
Commit , . Rollback , .. , ,
.
, :
IBDatabasel->Open();
DataModule2->IBTransactionl->StartTransaction() ;
,
if(< ,
..>)
IBTransactionl->Commit();
else IBTransactionl->Rollback();
:
IBTransactionl->StartTransaction();
IBDatabasel->Open();
if
" ?",
" ",
MB_YESNOCANCEL+MB_ICONQUESTION) == IDYES)
IBTransactionl->Comrait();
else IBTransactionl->Rollback();
Commit Rollback
Active IBTransaction false. IBTransaction
IBTransaction
, IBDatabase. , IBDatabase.
. DefaultDatabase
IBDatabase, .
IdleTimer , ,
, . Default Action, :

taRollback
taCommit
697
taRollbackRetaining .
InterBase 6.
taCommitRetaining

OnldleTimer, - , , .
DatabaseCount Databases IBDatabase, , .
10.5.3 IBTable, IBQuery,

IBStoredProc
IBDatabase
IBTransaction Database Transaction,
. 10.5.1.
IBTable Table, BDE, ,
Table. , UniDirectional, , . , , , IBTable . , , .
IBTable Table.
Locate Lookup.
. 9.11.6.
IBQuery Query, BDE. SQL.
IBQuery Query.
IBStoredProc StoredProc, BDE. . , StoredProc
(. . 10.3.5.2).
StoredProcName,
StoredProc. , , Params . StoredProc . StoredProc , . IBStoredProc , . , , ParamByName.
,
StoredProc IBStoredProc, , , IBDatabase IBTransaction.
10
698
10.6
dbExpress
10.6.1
C++Builder 6 dbExpress, , . ++ilder :
InterBase driver
DBEXPINT.DLL
InterBase 6.5
DB2 driver
DBEXPDB2.DLL
DB2 7.x
Oracle driver
DBEXPORA.DLL
Oracle 8.1.7
MySQL driver
DBEXPMYS.DLL
MySQL 3.23.xx
Informix driver
DBEXPINF.DLL
Informix 9.21
SQL
. dbExpress
DLL , , , .
..
dbExpress :
SQLConnection
dbExpress .
SQLDataSet
,
SQL .
SQLQuery
,
SQL .
SQLStoredProc
, , .
SQLTable
, .
SQLMonitor
, , .
SQLClientDataSet
,
SQLDataSet DataSetProvider
.
. . - . -;
. ~:
dbExpress. -*:
dbExpress.
699
, . ,
First Next. , , .
, . CanModify false . , , , .
, SQL UPDATE.
. , ,
dbExpress SQLClientDataSet,
.
, .
, ,
SQL.
, , .
, dbExpress , .
10.6.2 SQLConnection
dbExpress SQLConnection. , dbExpress
.ini. dbxdrivers.ini, DLL . :
[DB2]
GetDriverFunc=getSQLDriverDB2
LibraryName=dbexpdb2.dll
VendorLib=db2cli.dll
Database=DBNAME
User_Name=user
Password=password
BlobSize=-l
ErrorResourceFile=
LocaleCode=0000
DB2 TransIsolation-ReadCommited
dbxconnections.ini, . SQLConnection
. :
[ib]
DriverName=Interbase
Database=f:\database\ibase\ib. gdb
RoleName-all
User_Name=a
Password=l
ServerCharSet=
SQLDialect=l
BlobSize=-l
CommitRetain=False
WaitOnLocks=True
ErrorResourceFile=
LocaleCode=0000
Interbase TransIsolation=ReadCommited
'
10
700
SQLConnection ,
ConnectionName . .
, .

dbxconnections.ini ,
, SQLConnection.
. 10.18.
, ,
. , Add Connection.
. . 10.18
.
. 10.18

dbExpress
: dbEHpr ess Connections: .
r Name
Connection Name
DB2Connecbon
B
II nfCo
nK
e
o
tionmecotin
on
tm
ioc
C
M
y
S
O
L
C
n
e
Oe
ice
iConnenc
o
ilco
nitn
Cortnecttori Settings
Key
DftverName
Database
RdeName
Use_tName
Passwad
ServerChatSet
SQLDatecl
Bo
lbSzie
CommtR
ietani
WatO
i nc
lxks
EfrafResouceRe
Vau
le
i
n
iterbase
KdatabaseSbaseSb
igdb
aN
a
1
1
-1
Fasle
Tu
ie
Database. InterBase .gdb. Oracle TNSNomes.ora. DB2 . MySQL ,

CREATE DATABASE.
, User_Name Password.
, , .
Test Connection ( . 10.18)
. , ,
.
, , , dbxconnections.ini.
, , . 10.18. ConnectionName
SQLConnection.
DriverName ( ), LibraryName ( ), VendorLib ( ), Params ( , . 10.18).
, ,

dbxconnections.ini, -
701
. , - (, , ,
.), . ConnectionName LoadParamsFromlniFile:
procedure LoadParamsFromlniFile( AFileName
String -
''
) ;
, ConnectionName. AFileName , dbxconnections.ini. , .

LoadParamsFromlniFile ,
. , , trne
LoadParamsOnConnect. dbxconnections.in.
SQLConnection
, Connected.
, Open Close .
SQLConnection , . , StmtsPerConn. ( Connected = true). MaxStmtsPerConn = 0,
. MaxStmtsPerConn > 0, ,
. ,
SQL, . ,

ActiveStatements.
SQLConnection,
,
AutoClone. true. , , MaxStmtsPerConn. , . - . AutoClone =
false, .
, . ActiveStatements MaxStmtsPerConn,
CloneConnection, . ,
SQLConnection.
10.6.3 SQLTable, SQLQuery,

SQLDataSet, SQLStoredProc, SQLClientDataSet
SQLTable, SQLQuery, SQLDataSet, SQLStoredProc .
10.6.1. SQLConnection. SQLConnection
.
702
10
SQLTable , TableName. SQL

.
SQLQuery , SQL.
SELECT SQLQuery
. : INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE,
ALTER TABLE .. SELECT Open Active true. ExecSQL:
function ExecSQL(ExecDirect:
Boolean - False):
Integer;
ExecDirect , . , dbExpress . ,
ExecDirect = true. , ExecDirect = false
.
, Prepared.
Prepared true,
ExecSQL .
, ExecSQL . , , , ,
. Prepared
false.
ExecSQL ,
. RowsAffected.
SQLStoredProc 10.3.5
StoredProc .
StoredProcName. , SQLStoredProc Open true Active. SQLStoredProc. , :
function :
Integer;
, . RowsAffected.
SQLDataSet . SELECT , , . , . , , , ..
CommandType CommandText. CommandType = ctQuery, CommandText SQL.
SELECT, .
SQL , ExecSQL. SQLTable, SQLDataSet.
CommandType = ctStoredProc, CommandText . , . ExecSQL.
703
CommandType = ctTable, CommandText . . SortFieldNam.es ,

, . SortFieldNam.es .
NoMetadata. , true, . , NoMetadata = true . , (, / SQLTable) NoMetadata = false.
SQLClientDataSet
dbExpress. , dbExpress, DataSetProvider SQLDataSet.
, . 9.14, . 9, SQLDataSet. SQLDataSet, DBConnection CommandType CommandText. . 9.14.
.
10.7 MIDAS
MIDAS (Multitier Distributed Application Services) .
MIDAS : DCOM, CORBA, OLEnterprise, HTTP, TCP/IP, MTS .
MIDAS :
, . . , . , , - , .
, -
. C0RBA, MTS ..
, .
,
RDBMS. ,
, . ,
C++Builder.
. 1.4, . 1 . 7. MIDAS
. 9.14, . 9. MIDAS,
ClientDataSet DataSetProvider MIDAS. , , , ClientDataSet
ConnectionBroker RemoteServer, .
SOAPConnection, SocketConnection, WebConnection, DCOMConnection, CorbaConnection, WebSnap. - Multitier , ,
RemoteDataModule CorbaDataModule.

11.1
Decision Cube
11.1.1
, ,
C++Builder , Decision Cube. () .
. , , Pers, , , , , . .
,
, , , ..

- , ,
, , , . ,
, . Decision Cube.
:
DecisionCube
DecisionGraph
.
, ,
.
DecisionGrid
, , .
DecisionPivot
.
DecisionQuery ,
. Query,
Decision Cube.
DecisionSource , DataSource, Decision Cube.
|
. , Pers
ib dbP. ib . -
11
706
Pers dbP
Sex. , , ,
Persm, Pers,
Sex. dbP .
, Pers.
DecisionQuery, DecisionCube,
DecisionSource DecisionGrid. DecisionQuery, DecisionCube DecisionSource . .
DecisionGrid .
Align alClient, .
,
, , .
DecisionGridl DecisionSource DecisionSourcel. DecisionSourcel DecisionCube
DecisionCube 1. DecisionCubel DataSet DecisionQuery 1. :
(DecisionQuery) => (DecisionCube) => (DecisionSourcel) => (DecisionGrid). , ,
.
DecisionQuery 1.
. Decision Cube, . 11.1.
. 11.1

Decision Cube
mm IBffifefcvi*
Dimensions/Summaries j SQL Query
j_isl of Available Fields
dimensions
Hum
. Dep
ep
Sen
?
_ d Year_b
Fam
'
Ham
, j
Par
,
_Li
Year b
Surmiaries:
Sex
OUNT) Year b]
Charact
i j C
Pholo
' I SUM(Year_b!
gdd
Xable:
PERSM
SQL Builder... j
Database'
jj dbP
i
OK
t~ Count (") for Averages

jrj
||
Cancel
Query Fields
j
H*
Database ,
, Table . (List Of Available Fields)
. , .
List Of Available Fields Dimensions .
, .
Dimensions .
, ,
. ,
707
Dimensions.
, . 11.1.
Summaries ,
,
. , , , , , .
, .. . Yearjb,
. Year_b
Summaries.
: sum , count average .
average. Summaries AVGjYEAR_B), SUM(YEAR_B|
COUNT(YEAR_B). , .
SQL Query (. 11.2) SQL,
. :
SELECT Dep, Sex, _, SUM( Yearjb ), COUNT ( Year b )
FROM "PERSm.DB"
GROUP BY Dep, Sex, Yearjo
SELECT (Dep,
Sex, Year_b), . GROUP BY.
, , ,
SELECT. , Edit Query, -
. Edit Query Edit Done. ,
, , - . Edit Cancel .
. 11.2
SQL Query
Decision Cube
Dimensions/Summaries SQL Quay |

fluetji Text
SELECT Dep.Sex. Year_b. COUNT( Yea_b ), SUM[ Year_b )
FROM PERSM
GROUP BY Dep. Sex. Yeai_b
dit Done
Cancel Ed*
Cancel
Help
, SQL,
.
SQL , . -
708
11
, COUNT(YEAR_B) SUM(YEAR_B)
(. 11.2). Dirnention/Surnmaries, , Summaries (.
. 11.1).
. 11.1 11.2 SQL Builder. SQL,

.
Decision Cube.
, .
, SQL Database SQL DecisionQuery.
, DecisionQuery .
. Active true.
DecisionGridl
(. 11.3).
. 11.3

i
!
"
4
4

DecrsoinQuerylDecsionCubel
. 2
9
11
Decisions ourcel
, . . . DecisionCubel, DimensionMap ,
Decision Cube Editor.
, . 11.4.
. 11.4
Decision Settings

Dimension Settings I Memo Control I

Available Fields
Dep*
Sex-
Ds
ipa
i y Ha
Ivpe
l r.,ii":?
Active Type
Formal
As Needed
Year b"
SUMOFYea_ib"
Average ol PERSM.Year_b"
709
Decision Settings , Available Fields, Display Name , .

Available Fields :
. .
Active Type ,
: As Needed , Active , Inactive . As Needed.
Format . Grouping (None), : Year , Quarter ,
Month , Single Value . ,
, .
Memory Control
. ,
Designer Data Options, ,
. .
( , Display Name )
, .
.
DecisionGrid Dimensions.
, ,
. (DisplayName), Subtotal
,
: , , ,
. , , , Subtotal = false.
" # # # 0 . # " . , , - , ,
0, 0 .
DecisionGrid DefaultColWidth . .

.
LabelColor LabelSumColor . , , , .
DecisionGrid Options.
cgGridLines cgOutliner .
cgPivotable .
.
11.1.2
(. 11.5).
, "+" , "-" . (. 11.5.),
. ,
, .
.
11
710
(. 11.5 ) , . (. 11.5 ), , .
. 11.5

j^jOl.xl
1
,
I
US! 2
* j 1961
i
i
I 1965
1
1
t
2
M
1930
1
1
2
1937
i
1
1950
,1
1955
l
1
I960
i
1
1*2
1
1
1975
i
1
2
2
3
4
11
3
4
4
.
, (. 11.6), Subtotal
on/off , . Subtotal on/off . . ,
. 11.6

Subtotals on/off
v"
v"
irp.
v* .
.
, .,
711
" + " "". , . , . .., , .

. Subtotal on/off :
Display Doto and SubTotal ,
, Display Data Only
.
- , Drill in to this value. .
, DecisionGrid Options cgPivotable.
. , .
.
. - . , .
, . , , DecisionGrid cgPivotable Options.

. ,
true ShowCubeEditor DecisionGrid. (.
. 11.6) , .. ,
. 11.4. ,
.. ,
, .
, , , Decision Cube, , .
11.1.3 DecisionPivot
DecisionPivot
, .
, Align DecisionSource DecisionSourcel. ! ,
DecisionPivot, , ,
cgOutliner Options DecisionGrid.
" + " "-",
. 11.5 . Options cgPivotable, .
, (. 11.7).
DecisionPivot . , , .
, ( ). ,
( ..)- -
11
712
. 11.7
DecisionPivot
^t <
)
. .-
H j
| | ^ 1
] |
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1948.3
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1961
1957,3
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1963
1957
1958.3
1955.5
1954.5
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1
, ().
.
,
.
,
.
DecisionPivot
. - Drilled in,
(. . 11.7 ).
. , , Open Dimention (..
), All Values ,
. -
(. 11.7 ) , . , . , , - , - .
713
11.1.4 DecisionGraph
Decision Cube
DecisionGraph.
. DecisionGraph
(. 11.8) Decisionsource DecisionSourcel.
DecisionGrid
Align alBottom. . ,
, .
, ,
.
. 11.8

DecisionGraph Chart (. . 3.6.4, . 3). ,

, .
Decision Cube ,
. , .
Decision Cube ,
, . ,
Decision Cube (, ). Decision Cube +-(-Builder.
11.2
+-(-Builder QuickReport. QReport .
QuickReport , .
(band) , , , , ..
, .
,
, -
11
714
. , , , ,
.
, ,
,
. , , , .
. 9 10 dbP,
. 11.9. ,
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.
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, , - t
, , , S
.
i,
, , j
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.
. , , .
, .
, , QuickRep.
, , , , . , .
QuickRep , :
PrinterSetting
Page
PaperSize ( Custom Length Width),
Options
,
(FirstPageHeader)
(LastPageFooter)
, ..:
, , ..
Units
Zoom
ReportTitle
715
. 11.9.

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mi
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' 1
DataSet , .
TTable, TQuery ..
QuickRep : Preview , Print .
. QuickRep Preview. , , , .
QRLabel, QRMemo, QRRichText, QRShape, QRImage, , Label,
Memo, RichEdit, Shape, Image. QuickReport , . , : Frame Size.
Frame , : Color , Style , Width , DrawBottom, DrawLeft,
DrawRight, DrawTop , ,
.
11
716
Size ,
. , Units QuickRep.
AlignToBand . true, , Alignment: taLeftJustify , taCenter , taRightJustify .
.
QuickRep. Table, TDep
Dep dbP. DataSource, DSDep TDep.
Table, TPers Pers dbP.
, TDep ,
TPers Dep ( TPers
IndexName, MasterSource, MasterFields . . 9.10.1).
Active Table true.
DataSet QuickRep TDep,
.
QuickRep Bands. :
HasTitle
HasDetail
HasPageHeader
HasPageFooter
HasColumnHeader
,
.
,
, .
() .
.
.
true HasTitle
HasPageFooter . QuickRep . , .
QRLabel Caption .
, AlignToBand
true, Alignment taCenter.
(, 14). .
QRSysData. . Data, :
qrsDate
qrsDateTime
qrsDetailCount
qrsDetailNo
qrsPageNumber
qrsReportTitle
qrsTime
717
Text QRSysData ,
.
Data qrsDate, Text >>. . QRSysData ,
QRLabel, .
QRLabel,
, , .
Frame DrawTop true. , .
QRSysData, Data qrsPageNumber .
.
QuickRep ,
Preview, .
. QuickRep . ,
QReport .
.
QRSubDetail.
QuickRep .
DataSet , . Dep, DataSet TDep. , .
Bands : HasFooter ,
, HasHeader , .
true HasHeader. Group
Header QRLabel ,
QRDBText , . , ,
, DataSet DataField, . DataSet = TDep DataField = Dep.
,
.
: . , : QRSubDetail, TDep, true HasHeader
Bands. QRLabel
.
QRLabel QRDBText,
Dep TDep.
, .
QRSubDetail Master.
. ,
. Master .
PrintBefore ,
( PrintBefore = true) .
718
11
, QRSub
Detail TPers. Master QRSubDetail2 QRSubDetail, . PrintBefore false. QRDBText, Fam, Nam Par TPers.
,
.
. . QRDBImage, QRDBRichText. TPers. , ,
. , ForceNewPage . true. .
. QRSubDetail, QRLabel QRRichText, .
, . . ,
. ( ), . , , .
.
QRRichText, ParenfRichEdit.
RichEdit, ParentRichEdit. RichEdit .
. ,
( Visible false).
FRep. , , , URep.
, , .
( File | New Form).
FMain. , , , UMain. .
Project | Options, Forms Main Form
FMain. FRep .
MainMenu, FontDialog, RichEdit . , . , . 11.10,
.
.
URep UMain
URep #include. , URep File | Include
Unit Hdr.

1. 11.10

719
,
.
.
QRRichText FRep ParentRichEdit. RichEdit

FMain. ,
.
File | Include Unit Hdr URep.

FRep->QuickRepl->Preview() ;

FRep->QuickRepl->Print() ;

RichEditl->SelAttributes->Assign(FontDialogl->Font) ;
RichEditl->SetFocus () ;
RichEditl. , RichEdit (. . 3.2.4).

. .
.
, . 11.11. , ,
. 11.11

'720
11
( ),
( ), ,
- . Close
,
.
11.3

, , ,
QuickReport, . 11.2.
QuickReport . QuickReport .
,
. Windows Word,
, .
Word
C++Builder , . Word C++Builder.
Word, Excel , Word Microeoft Office,
C++Builder , Servers C++Builder 5 Office2k
Office97 C++Builder 6. , , . 7.9, . 7.
, Word
.
. 11.12. . , .
Pers dbP Word, ,

. , . , .
. , , ... . ...
, ( TBDep). , , TBYear, TBCharact, TBPhoto . . 11.12 . Word, , . 11.13.
.
TBBold , TBItalic - , TBUnderline .
, TBLeft (),
TBCenter ( ) TBRight () . . 11.12
.

. 11.12

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()
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,

1950
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,
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.. .

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Word,
, , ,
, , .
Word (, ,
..). , , Word , , , , ..
Word.
.
. dbP
Queryl, SQL
S e l e c t * from Pers Order by Fam, Nam,
Par
, Queryl, DataSourcel. DBEditl DBEdit6, , DBRichEditl, ,

DBImagel, .
ActionListl,
, :

11
TForml->AAllExecute
AExit
TForm 1 -> AExitExecute
ANew
TForml->ANewExecute
AOpen
TForml >AOpenExecute
APreview TForml>APreviewExecute
APrint
TForml->APrintExecute
ARecord
TForm 1 -> ARecor dExecute
ASave
TForml->ASaveExecute
AWord
Word
TForml->AWordExecute
ActionListl TImageList,
.

ToolBarl . , , . , , MainMenu.
, . ApplicationEventsl,
OnHint Hint
.
,
, ProgressBarl (. . 3.6.6).
Visible false, . .
: WordApplicationl, WordDocumentl, WordFontl WordParagraphFormatl. AutoConnect false. ConnectKind WordApplicationl -
723
ckRurmingOrNew, ckAttachToInterface.

.
:
class TForral
!
published:
: public TForra
private:
void
fastcall DocumentSearch(void);
public:
:
t i n d u d e <Clipbrd. hpp>
void
fastcall TForml::DocumentSearch(void)
{
//

{
Application->MessageBox(" Word ",
" ",
Abort () ;
}
WordDocumentl->ConnectTo (WordApplicationl->ActiveDocuraent);
]
__
_.
:
void
Queryl->Open();
/* ,
WinWord*/
WordApplicationl->Options->CheckSpellingAsYouType - false;
WordApplicationl->Options->CheckGramraarAsYouType = false;
{ .
ASave->Enabled = false;
APreview->Enabled - false;
APrint->Enabled = false;
ARecord->Enabled r false;
AAll->Enabled - false;
void
fastcall TForml::ANewExecute(TObject "Sender)
{
//
WordApplicationl->Documents->A.dd (EmptyPararn, EmpcyParam) ;
ASave->Enabled - true;
APreview->Enabled true;
APrint->Enabled - true;
ARecord->Enabled - true;
AAll->Enabled - true;
724
fl
__
//
void
fastcall
TForml::AAllExecute(TObject
'Sender)
//
TBookmark SavePlace;
//
SavePlace = Queryl->GetBookmark() ;
Queryl->First();
//
StatusBarl->SimpleText = " ";
//
ProgressBarl->Max = Queryl->RecordCount;
ProgressBarl~>Position = 0;
ProgressBarl->Visible - true;
//
while (! Queryl->Eof)
{
ARecordExecute(Sender) ;
ProgressBarl->Position - ProgressBarl->Position + 1;
Queryl->Next();
}
//
Queryl->GotoBookraark(SavePlace) ;
// ,
Queryl->FreeBookmark(SavePlace);
StatusBarl->SimpleText = ""',
ProgressBarl->Visible = false;
)
//
void
fastcall TForml::ARecordExecute(TObject *Sender)
{
TVariant snew = "\n";
//
DocumentSearch();
WordApplicationl->Selection->InsertAfter(snew) ;
dApplicationl->Selection->InsertAfter(
TVariant(QuerylFam->AsString + ' ' +
QuerylNam->AsString + ' ' +
QuerylPar->AsString + '\n'));
WordApplicationl->Selection->InsertAfter(snew) ;
if(TBYear->Down)
{
TVariant(QuerylYear_b->AsString + " \"));
1
if(TBDep->Down)
{
if(QuerylSex->Value)
WordApplicationl->Seleetion->InsertAfter(
TVariant(" '"+
QuerylDep->AsString + "'\n"));
else WordApplicationl->Selection->InsertAfter(
TVariant(" '"+
QuerylDep->AsString + "'\n")(;
}
if(TBCharact->Down)
{
WordApp1ication 1->Seleetion->InsertAfter(
TVariant(DBRichEditl->Text));

//
WordFontl->ConnectTo(WordApplicationl->Selection->Font) ;
// C++Builder 6:
if(TBUnderline->Down)
WordFontl->set_Underline(wdUnderlineSingle) ;
else WordFontl->set_Underline(wdUnderlineNone) ;
if(TBBold->Down)
~
WordFontl->set_Bold(1);
else WordFontl->set_Bold(0) ;
if(TBItalic->Down)
WordFontl->set_Italic(1) ;
else WordFontl->set__Italic(0) ;
// C++Builder 5:
// if(TBUnderline->Down)
// WordFontl->Underline = wdUnderlineSingle;
// else WordFontl->Underline - wdUnderlineNone;
// if(TBBold->Down)
//
WordFontl~>Bold - 1;
// else WordFontl->Bold = 0;
// if(TBItalic~>Down)
//
WordFontl~>Italic = 1;
// else WordFontl->Italc = 0;
//
WordParagraphFormatl->ConnectTo (
// C++Builder 6:
if(TBLeft->Down)
WordParagraphFormatl->set_Alignment(wdAlignParagraphLeft);
if(TBCenter->Down)
if(TBRight->Down)
WordParagraphFormatl->set_Alignment(wdAlignParagraphRight);
// C++Builder 5:
// if(TBLeft->Down)
// WordParagraphFormatl->Alignment = wdAlignParagraphLeft;
// if(TBCenter->Down)
// if(TBRight->Down)
// WordParagraphFormatl->Alignment = wdAlignParagraphRight;
TVariant Direction - wdCollapseEnd;
//
if(TBPhoto->Down)
{
Clipboard()->Assign(DBImagel->Picture) ;
}
}
//
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::ASaveExecute(TObject *Sender)
DocumentSearch();
WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item(wdDialogFileSaveAs)->
Show(EraptyParam);'
)
//
'
void
f a s t c a l l TForrt)! : :AWordExecute (TObject *Sender)
725
726
11
// Word,
//
WordApplicationl->Connect() ;
//
// HordApplicationl->Visible = true/ // C++Builder 5
)
/i
void
fastcall TForml::ApplicationEventslHint(TObject 'Sender)
(
//
StatusBarl->SimpleText = Application->Hint;
}
//
void
{
/ */
Queryl->Close <);
}
//
void
fastcall TForml::APrintExecute(TObject *Sender)
{
//
DocuraentSearch();
// WordApplicationl->Visible - true,- // C++Builder 5
WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item(wdDialogFilePrint)->
Show(EmptyParam);
)
//
void
fastcall TForml::APreviewExecute(TObject *Sender)
{
~
//
DocumentSearch();
WordDocumentl->PrintPreview();
WordApplicationl->set_visible(true); // C++Builder 6
// NordApplicationl->Visible = true; // C++Builder 5
}
y/
void
fastcall TForml::AExitExecute(TObject *Sender)
{
"
//
Close () ;
)
/ /
void
fastcall TForml::AOpenExecute(TObject *Sender)
//
WordApplicationl->Visible = true;
if(WordApplicationl->Dialogs->Item(wdDialogFileOpen)->
Show(EmptyParam) -1)
{
ASave->Enabled = false;
APreview->Enabled = false;
APrint->Enabled = false;
ARecord->Enabled = false;
AAll->Enabled = false;
. ,
. 7.9. .
727
, , : C++Builder 6
C++Builder 5 (. . 7.9). C++Builder 5 . .
TForml::ARecordExecute Clipboard, , , Clipbrd.
Clipboard.
, ,
.
, TForml::AAllExecute,
, , ,
TForml::ARecordExecute, . , ,
GetBookmark SavePlace TBookmark, . GotoBookmark ,
FreeBookmark.
ProgressBarl. Position . ProgressBarl .
DocumentSearch,
- , Word
. ,
, .., . DocumentSearch.
.
. , , , . . C++Builder, .
, , .
, .. , C++Builder , . Word , , , .
Word ++ilder, . : ' Word
C++Builder, . , Word
- ,
. , - , C++Builder, (, ), .
, Word , . Word . 7.8.4. Word
, , , C+4-Builder, Shell.
: pathname ,
, windowstyle .
Shell . .
If
728
pathname , . , .
windowstyle . , .
windowstyle:
vbHide
. i
, - j
, , >

.
vbNormalFocus
vbMinimizedFocus
vbMaximizedFocus
vbNormalNoFocus

, Word.
vbMinimizedNoFocus
. Word.
:
Dim RetVal
RetVal = Shell("f:\Tests\Servers\PWord2.EXE",
1)
RetVal, Shell. , pathname, (, ),

windowstyle = 1. , C++Builder , Word
- .

12.1 WWW
, . ,
, . .
U ,
. : C++Builder C++Builder
Web. , .
, . ,
Internet, TCP/IP (
/ transmission control protocol/internet protocol). , , . , TCP/IP
.
World Wide Web (WWW),
s ,
;: . WWW- ()
. HyperText Transfer
Protocol (HTTP) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) .
HTTP , WWW. ;1|
".
/.
, , URL : (universal resource location). , ,
-: http://www.borland.com. Web {
^) , Web
.
HTTP , : . , ,
' , .
.
, , Web. -: , ,
- .
730
12
HTTP :
, , . HTML,
, , , .
, WWW.
12.2 ,
WWW

, Web CGI, ISAPI,
NSAPI WIN-CGI, . Web Microsoft Internet Information Server Personal Web Server,
CGI ISAPI. Windows 95/98/2000
Web, FrontPage, Web. , ActiveX, , Microsoft Internet Explorer.
,
,
. , FrontPage, ...\FrontPage Web.
: Content Server. Server
vhttpd.32.exe. . , - , .
Content ,
cgi-bin. .
. .dll, . , . Allow Scripts or Programs to be Run.
FrontPage
. , MyComputer. , , Windows.
. ,
- .
, , Computer. , ,
TCP/IP.
, , cgi-bin, URL (. .
12.1): http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/_aa. http://
,
mycomputer/cgi-bi/_aa.
12.3 HTML
Web HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
, WWW.
. , -
731
. , , .html , .
, Microsoft
FrontPage, Web. To ,
, , , Word, Word 97. HTML.
, , HTML, . ().
, . , <>
<strong> . , ,
"/"
:
<HTML>
<> </>
</HTML>
<> <html>, HTML. . .html. - , , Internet Explorer, .

.
C++Builder 6 HTML ,
C++Builder. ( File | New | Other, Text New) .
( File | Sove As), .html.
html Editor.
Internet ,
. 15.7, . 15, Open, ,
, ,
. , C++Builder 6!
:
<htral>
<head>
<title> no C++Builder</title>
</head>
<body>
<> </hl>
<hr>
<> ..</>
<p>"<b>C++Builder . noco6e</b>Squot;</>
<>3 <>123-45-67</>
<hr>
< HREF-"file:11II:I tests/internet/html2.htm">
<> </></>
</body>
</html>
, , .
, , , : !
HTML, , , C++Builder, , -
12
732
File | New | Other, HTML Document Web Documents). :

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Untitledl.html </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
</BODY>
</HTML>
<BODY> </BODY> ,
<TITLE> .
- ( ,
f:\tests\lnternet, , , HTMLl.html. - , , Internet Explorer, . . 12.1
Internet Explore.
. 12.1
HTML
^ J } < ^
&',
> % *
j$s F UestsllntemeHht
/"f'
*!

"C-H-Bttflder . *
!23-45-7
i
wifaoDMaioiH iienaic - math
^J
. <title> , (. . 12.1),
<body> . <> . <hr> ,
. <> .
<> . "<" HREF,
URL : http://aflpecs>. , URL
, .
:// . :
< HREF="file:tilt :/tests/internet/html2.htm">
. ,
< HREF="htral2.htral">
HTML2.html , , , :
733
HTML2.html. .
< HREF="/tests/internet/html2.htm">
; , ,
.
URL, -u;.x .
, , ,
* http://, , .
<>. ,
( URL ) , . :
,
.
, ,
, , :
<html>
<title> </title>
<body>
<> </hl>
<hr>
<> </>
<hr>
< HREF="file:lilt:/tests/internet/htmll.htm">
<><> </></>
<b>
</body>
</html>
HTML2.html f:/tests/internet.
. ,
HTMLl.html Internet Explorer,
.
12.4
C++Builder. Internet Explorer.
C++Builder. WebBrowser Internet. ,
Align alClient. , OnCreate

CppWebBrowserl->Navigate(WideString("f:/tests/internet/htmll.htm"
);
Navigate URL
. Navigate BSTR, URL. AnsiString BSTR .
, , WideString. , .
. -
, OpenDialog. Filter :
12
734
HTML ( *.html, *.htm)

*.html;*.htm
,

if
(OpenDialogl->Execute ())
CppWebBrowserl->Navigate(WideString(OpenDialogl->FileName));
. (. 12.2), , .
HTML .
. 12.2
,
WebBrowser

"C++Bui]der . "
123-45-67
, , . .
, . , , - Word .doc. ,
, Word . , , .
, , , . , .bmp Microsoft Paint
. Excel, , Word. - - . C++Builder,
C++Builder .
..
, ,
, , : ,
. , Windows. ,
,
.
.
? , , ! , , , .
735
,
. URL ,
, , . , . , , .
(. . 3.9.5, . 3). (. . 3.9.4, . 3). true ShowCaptions, . . , TBForward. , . (Caption.) , .
Enabled false, . , ImageList (. . 4.2, . 4).
ComboBox.
URL
HTML, . CBURL.
AutoSize ShowText true.

.
. Bands , CBURL, ( Text) :.
StatusBar (. . 3.9.6, . 3). SimplePanel true. ,
. 12.3 (, ).
. 12.3

Web
.!
/ hi ru*xfeh<jp
. - -
--.***
>
*
, en Delphi ++
, .
- *
10 DelpN *Builder

d nor
;#. />*9?6-976
.
, .
736
12
:
{
published:
TCoolBar 'CoolBarl;
TCppWebBrowser 'CppWebBrowserl;
TToolBar 'ToolBarl;
TToolButton 'TBBack;
TToolButton 'TBForward;
TImageList 'Imagelndexl;
TStatusBar 'StatusBarl;
TOpenDialog 'OpenDialogl;
TMainMenu 'MainMenul;
TMenuItem *N1;
TMenuItem *MOpen;
TComboBox 'CBURL;
void
fastcall ForraCreate(TObject *Sender);
void
fastcall CBURLClick(TObject *Sender);
void
fastcall CBURLKeyDown(TObject 'Sender, WORD SKey,
TShiftState Shift);
void
fastcall CppWebBrowserlBeforeNavigate2(
TObject *Sender, LPDISPATCH pDisp,
Variant *URL, Variant *Flags,
Variant 'TargetFrameName,
Variant *PostData, Variant 'Headers,
VARIANT_BOOL *Cancel);
void
fastcall CppWebBrowserlProgressChange(
TObject 'Sender, long Progress, long ProgressMax);
void
fastcall MOpenClick(TObject 'Sender);
void
fastcall TBBackClick(TObject 'Sender);
void
fastcall TBForwardClick(TObject 'Sender);
void
fastcall LoadO;
public:
:
TForml 'Forml;
//
,
void
fastcall TForml::Load()
// URL , CBURL->Text
CppWebBrowserl->Navigate(WideString(CBURL->Text));
)
/ /_.
i
void
fastcall TForml::FormCreate(TObject 'Sender)
{
// URL
CBURL->Text = "F:\\TESTS\\INTERNET\\HTML1.htm";
LoadO ;
void
fastcall TForml::CBURLClick(TObject 'Sender)
{
// CBURL
LoadO ;

void
737
fastcall TForml::CBURLKeyDown(TObject *Sender,

WORD SKey, TShiftState Shift)
{
// Enter CBURL
if (Key == VK_RETURN) Load();
}
//
void
fastcall TForml::CppWebBrowserlBeforeNavigate2(
TObject *Sender, LPDISPATCH pDisp, Variant *URL,
Variant *Flags, Variant *TargetFrameName,
Variant *PostData, Variant *Headers,
VARIANT_BOOL *Cancel)
//
{
// CBURL
int Index = CBURL->Items->IndexOf(AnsiString(*URL));
if (Index -1)
(
CBURL->Items->Insert(0,AnsiString(*URL| | ;
CBURL->ItemIndex - 0;
)
else CBURL->ItemIndex = Index;
// TBForward TBBack
TBForward->Enabled = (CBURL->ItemIndex > 0) ;
TBBack->Enabled - (CBURL->ItemIndex < CBURL->Iteras->Count - 1);
}
//
void
fastcall TForml: :CppWebB<rowserlProgressChange (
TObject *Sender, long Progress, long ProgressMax)
{
//
if (Progress >0)
StatusBarl->SimpleText =
Format(" %s: %d %d",
ARRAYOFCONST(
(AnsiString(CppWebBrowserl->LocationName),
(int)(Progress / 1024),
(int)(ProgressMax / 1024))));
}
/ /
void
fastcall TForml::MOpenClick(TObject Sender)
(
//
(
CBURL->Text = OpenDialogl->FileName;
Lpad() ;
void
fastcall TForml::TBBackClick(TObject *Sender)
{
//
CBURL->Text = CBURL->Items->Strings[CBURL->ItemIndex
Load ();
void
(
fastcall
TForml::TBForwardClick(TObject
*Sender)
//
CBURL->Text = CBURL->Items->Strings[CBURL->Itemlndex - 1];
Load() ;
738
12
. private - Load, Navigate

URL Web, CBURL. .
FormCreate OnCreate.
CBURL URL Web-, .
, , C++, "\ ". - , OnCreate .
Web,
CBURL URL. :
CBURL->Text = "http://www.Borland.cora/C++Builder/index.html";
,
. :
CppWebBrowserl->GoHorae() ;
Stort Page
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Softwore\Microsoft\lnternet Explorer\Main. , (. 5.7.2), , , ,
.
CBURL FormCreate
Load ( ,
). Load CBURL ( CBURLClick)
Enter ( CBURLKeyDown).
CppWebBrowserlBeforeNavigate2
OnBeforeNavigate2 CppWebBrowser,
. ,
: Navigate .
URL ,
. Cancel, false,
.
CppWebBrowserlBeforeNavigate2
IndexOf URL CBURL. URL AnsiString.
AnsiString. IndexOf - 1 , . Insert
( 0) 0.
,
. .
CppWebBrowserlBeforeNavigate2 TBForward , .
CppWebBrowserlProgressChange
OnProgressChange.
. Progress
ProgressMax .
. , Progress - 1 . CppWebBrowserl-
739
ProgressChange LocationName , URL.

MOpenClick . Text
CBURL, Load.
TBBackClick TBForwardClick
. CBURL

.
.
. 12.3. URL Web (
) . Enter .
,
. HTML, , . . , . .
, Internet Explorer. , , C++Builder .
C++Builder , , , , . ,
, . ,
, , .
12.5 Web
CGI
Web.
Web. .
, , HTML .

: , , DLL,
. , ., CGI WIN-CGI. , DLL, ISAPI NSAPI.
CGI WIN-CGI DLL, ISAPI
NSAPI, .
CGI (Common Gateway Interface) , . HTML, , ,
CGI .
CGI
. .
12
740
( File | New | Other, Console Wisard New)

:
(finclude <stdio.h>
#include <SysUtils. hpp>
#pragma hdrstop
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
const AnsiString Days[] =
{"", "", "", "",
"", "", ""};
printf ("<HTML>");
printf("<1>!\n</Hl><HR>") ;
printf((" " + DateToStr(Date()) + " (" +
Days [DayOfWeek (Date () )] + ") <HR>") . c_str () ) ;
printf(ForraatDateTirae(
" h . rn . ", Time () ) . c_str () ) ;
printf("</HTML>");
return 0;
,
. , .. , printf.
- , .
PTime . PTime.exe ,
DOS, , . , ,
DOS. PTime.exe
( Web, FrontPage ...\FrontPage Web\Content\ cgi-bin . . 12.2). , , , . 12.3, URL
mycomputer/cgi-bin/ptime.exe. , . 12.4.
, , HTML .
. 12.4
,
CGI
.
jhltp/Zmsiconputer/cgibin/ptnieeve
02 04 2002 ()
15 . 22 .
[ http://myccipufcerjcgi-binyptiwe.exe: ** _,
CGI
ISAPI ( API Internet Microsoft) NSAPI ( API Netscape Netscape) , Web.
741
CGI . , , ' CGI, Web

, CGI-,
, , . ISAPI NSAPI . CGI DLL ISAPI
. 12.7.
12.6 Web C++Builder

12.6.1 Web
, . 12.5
CGI, ( ).
, -

. C++Builder , .
C++Builder Web TWebModule.
. TWebModule . , File | New | Other New Items New Web Server Application.
(. 12.5 ), . CGI Stand-alone executable CGI. C++Builder
.
C++Builder 6 5. C++Builder 6
(. 12.5 ), ,
, ..
, ,
: ,
. 12.5
(), Web ()
() C++Builder 6
)
You m select from one of the loliowing types of Woild
Wide Web server applications
ISAPI/NS/SPI Dmamic Lrts Libtarii
<~ Wt-iCGI Stand-atone executabe

l
Apache Shoied Module (DLL)
Web App Debugger executable
j Art on*
*S 0 - WebActionltemi
4 1 -WebActionlteiru
12
742
. (Object TreeView),
, (, , Actions ). .
C++Builder 5 Web ,
. Dato Diogrom, . C++Builder 6 ,
.
Web ( ++ilder 5 , WebModulel . 12.7). Actions. TWebActionltem. (. . 12.6),

Actions. To ,
( C++Builder 5 WebModulel)
Action Editor.
Add New ( . 12.6) ,
Delete Selected ( ) , .
. 12.6

t'
>
*i
Name
PotMnfo Enabled Detail Producei
WebActionltemi /1"
True
WefcActionltem2
True
TWebActionltems , , . ,
. Pathlnfo. , URL. . 12.1 . URL ,
, :
http://www.myserv.cora/pl/servl,exe/actionl?value=5sResp=Yes
URL (HTTP). ( www.myserv.com). ( /pl/servl.exe). , URL, Pathlnfo.

/actionl. . , ,
.
URL, Query . ,
, . "&".
value 5 Resp Yes. , .

Pathlnfo. Pathlnfo URL.
, Pathlnfo -
743
Pathlnfa. OnAction, , . :
void
fastcall
TWebModulel::WebModulelWebActionItemlAction!
TObject *Sender, TWebRequest *Request,
TWebResponse *Response, bool iHandled)
Request TWebRequest. Query string, Query

URL. URL : value=5&Resp=Yes. QueryFields TStrings. Query URL . : value=5 Resp=Yes. ,
QueryFields .
Values[nMa]. , Request>QueryFields>Values["Resp"] Yes.
Response TWebResponse.
Content string
HTML, HTML .
Handled , , Response . ,
Response ,
Handled false. , ,
Response, Content ,
.
Pathlnfo
OnAction. Default.
true, .
, Pathlnfo ,
OnAction . Enabled
.
TWebModule, , , . BeforeDispatch AfterDispatch,
. OnAction. , BeforeDispatch. , , Enabled . . AfterDispatch. ,
, - .
12.6.2
, , .
12.6.1. , .
, , :
4 5. ,
.
, ,
( File | New | Other, Web Server Application). , . 12.6. .
744
12
Pathlnfo /1.
. .
Default true.
OnAction . :
void
f a s t c a l l TWebModulel : : WebModulelWebActionIten\2Action (
TWebResponse 'Response, bool ^Handled)
(
Response->Content = "<hl> ? </hl>"
"<> 2 x 2 ?</p><HR>"
"< HREF=\"/cgi-bin/TwiceTwo.exe/l?4\"> 4</A> "
"< HREF=\"/cgi-bin/TwiceTwo.exe/l?5\">5</A> ?, <HR>";
Handled = t r u e ;
)
HTML, . 12.7 .
4 5.
Pathlnfo /1. ,
, Pathlnfo. Query
: 4 5. , . OnAction :
void
fastcall TWebModulel::WebModulelWebActionItemlAction(
TWebResponse *Response, bool SHandled)
{
if(Request->Query == "4")
Response->Content = " 4. !";
else Response->Content =
" 5. .";
Handled = true;
}
(. . 12.7 12.7 ) Request.Query.

TwiceTwo.
TwiceTwo.exe .
. . 12.7.
. . , ,
HTML , . , , :
<html>
<head>
<title>3HaeTe
</head>
flea</title>
<body>
<!>3 ?</>
<> 2 x 2 ?</>
<hr>
<>< HREF="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/TwoTwo.exe/l?4">4</a>
< HREF="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/TwoTwo.exe/l?5">5</a> ? </p>

<>
</body>
</html>

. 12.7
: ()
4 (6) 5 ()
745
)
-3
\!
1
1

2 x 2
^ ?,
:gs-brj/Tv4i eTvo exe: 9 HI 9
6)
JWtp Mnycomputet/cg tWTwceTwo ^~ _-j

4 !
5 ,
htt
nfTwceTwo.eyefi^Si
,;
, ,
,
TwiceTwo.exe, : http://rnycomputer/cgi-bin/
TwoTwo.exe. , HTML
TwoTwo.exe, , .
, TwiceTwo.exe ( . . 12.1).
TwoTwo.html.
TwoTwo, .
, . Pathlnfo = "\1" .
. TwoTwo . TwoTwo.html
, , .
12.7 CGI DLL ISAPI

CGI. . 12.5

(DLL)
ISAPI. CGI DLL ISAPI .
TwoTwo, . 12.6.2.
1. Web
(. 12.5 ) ISAPI/NSAPI Dynamic Link Library. C++Builder
. 12.6.2
, .
746
12
2.
OnAction, TwoTwo . 12.6.2.

3. TwoTwo2 .
TwoTwo2.dll.
.
, ISAPI DLL, DLL Web-, , Web-.
CGI-,
. , ,
ISAPI. URL. :
http://www.mysite.com/scripts/twotwo2.dll
12.8 HTML
12.8.1
. 12.6 .
.
. , <form> HTML. -.
, ,
, , .
.
<FORM>, . =. URL , ,
action. :
action-"http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/test.exe"
method HTTP. get post. get

,
, . Post Web. Post, ContentFields ,
OnAction Request. Get, QueryFields
Request.
<input ="text ">
, <input type="submit"> ,
, <textarea> , . HTML, ,
FrontPage Insert | Form Field.
. type .
name . value
, .. name=value, name value. , Post Get
747
ContentFields Query Fields Request.

, ,
Request->ContentFields->Values["result"]
Request->QuerFields->Values["result"]
result.
size,
.
,
. <table>
</table>. <tr> </tr>, . <td>
</td>, . .
.

. HTML, , . 12.8.
. 12.8

, ,

- 9 9
HTML . , miml num2. , result. , mult.exe Pathlnfo /1. ,

mult.exe.
Web,
. 12.8 , .
<html>
<head>
<title>Ta6nima
</head>
748
12
<body>
<1> </>
<>3 , , ""
</>
<form method="POST"
action="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/mult .exe/l">
<table>
<trxtdxinput type="text" name="numl" size="l"x/td>
<td> x </td>
<tdxinput type="text" name="num2" size"l"x/td>
<td> = </td>
<tdxinput type="text" name="result" size="3"> </td>
<tdxinput type="submit" name="post" 1=""> </td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<form method="POST"
action="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/mult .exe">
<pxinput type="submit" value=-"HoBbie " name="New"x/p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
12.8.2
, . , ,
. , , , . .
, . , , , . ,
,
. .

. , . .
numl num'2.
HTML . : .
, ,
. Pathlnfo = "/1 "
. Pathlnfo
Default = true HTML. OnAction :
void
fastcall
TWebModulel::WebModulelWebActionItem2Action(
TObject *Sender, TWebRequest Request,
TWebResponse *Response, bool iHandled)
{
randomize () ;
Word Numl = random(8)+1;

Word Nura2 random(8)+l;
Response->Content = "<html><head><title>TaOa "
"</title></headxbody>"
749
"<1> </>";
Response->Content = Response->Content +
" , , "
" \"\"";
Response->Content = Response->Content +
"<form method=\"POST\" "
"action=\"http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/mult.exe/l\" "
" < t a b l e x t r x t d > < i n p u t type = \"text\" name=\"numl\""
"size=\"l\" value-=\"" + IntToStr (Numl) +
"\"></tdxtd> x "
"<tdxinput type=\"text\" name=-\"nun\2\" size=\"l\""
"value-\"" + IntToStr (Num2) + "\"></tdxtd> = "
"<tdxinput type=\"text\" name=\"result\" size=\"3\"> "
"</td> <tdxinput type=\"submit\" name=\"post\" "
" value=\"\">"
"</tdx/trx/tablex/formxBR>"
"<form method=\"POST\" "
"action=\"http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/mult , exe\">"
"<pxinput type=\"submit\" value-\"HoBbie \" "
"name=\"New\"x/px/form></bodyx/html>";
Handled = true;
)
random Numl Num2 , 1 9. randomize ,

.
, . 16, . 16.2.4.
HTML, , . 12.8.
numl 2 value Numl Num2.
,
OnAction HTML. , . HTML , . ! . 12.9 ,
, . .
OnAction :
void
f a s t c a l l TWebModulel::WebModulelWebActionItemlAction(
if (Request->ContentFields->Values["result"] -=
IntToStr(StrToInt(Request->ContentFields->Values["numl"]) *
StrToInt(Request->ContentFields->Values["num2"])))
Response->Content = "<>! I ! </> !";
else Response->Content =
" <>"
"< HREF=\"http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/mult.exe\">"
"<> <//>";
Handled = t r u e ;
(
if result , numl num2. ,

, . 12.9.
Mult ( ), . , .
12
750
. 12.9
HTML
()
()
6)
' fhttp/Ar^computei^cgibtn/mdt
& jhttp/zriiyrcfflDiitef cgt bn/mult ^
!! I
^-j
_
_
_
[ ; 9
UoK/ 5) ; 9 ,4
12.9 HTML
. 12.8.2 , -
HTML OnAction. HTML. , - HTML.
:
<#TagName
Paraml=Valuel
Param2=Value2
...>
.
" # " ,
. . . , Link , Image .. , .
,
, .
PageProducer, Internet .
, . 12.8.2, , .
.
Pathlnfo = "/1", , .
OnAction
. 12.8.2. Numl Num2 , .
Pathlnfo Default = true ,
, HTML. OnAction. PageProducer. WebModulel, ( ++ilder 5 Components ).
PageProducer. HTMLDoc HTMLFile.
TStrings HTML,
, . HTMLFile
.html .htm. , . , HTML j ( HTMLDoc) .
751
. ( HTMLFile) . , . Web,
, , ,
.
,
HTMLDoc. HTML. HTMLDoc.
. , - ,
. , . , , .. HTMLDoc.
PageProducer OnHTMLTag.
, HTML . OnHTMLTag :
procedure TWebModulel.PageProducerIHTMLTag(Sender: TObject;
Tag: TTag; const TagString: String;
TagParams: TStrings; var ReplaceText: String);
Tag , TagString . , ,
tgCustom. TagParams ,
. ReplaceText , . , .
:
Tag
TagString
TagParams
ReplaceText
tgLink
LINK

HTML, <>
</>.
tglmage
IMAGE
<IMG>.
tgTable
TABLE

HTML,
<TABLE>
</TABLE>.
tglmageMap IMAGEMAP

HTML,
<>
</>.
tgObject
ActiveX (.
. 12.11)

HTML,
<OBJECT>
</OBJECT>.
OBJECT
12
752
Tag
TagString
TagParams
ReplaceText
tgEmbed
EMBED

Netscape

HTML,
<EMBED>
</EMBED>.
tgCustom

, .
, . ,
.
PageProducer
Web . Producer
PageProducer. HTML,
PageProducer, Response.Content OnAction, .
,
OnAction. , PageProducer
OnAction HTML,
.
PageProducer
Producer . ,
, , , Producer
nil.
OnAction
PageProducer PageProducer.Content. PageProducer , OnHTMLTag
- , OnAction.
, , . 12.8.2. , , , PageProducer. HTML, ,
HTMLDoc PageProducer.
:
<html>
<head>
<tit 1> </1:^1>
</head>
<body>
<> />
<>3 , , ""
</>
<forra method="POST"
action="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/raultl.exe/1"
<table>
< t r x t d x i n p u t type="text" name="numl" size="l"
value="<#TNuml>"x/td>
<td>x </td>
753
< t d x i n p u t type="text" name="num2" size="l"

value="<#TNum2>"x/td>
< t d x i n p u t type="text" name="result" size="3"> </td>
< t d x i n p u t type="submit" name="post" 1="0"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<form method="POST"
action="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/multl.exe">
<p><input type="submit" value="HOBbie " name="New"x/p>
</forra>
</body>
</html>
, . 12.8.1.
mult.exe multl.exe ( ) numl num2 value , <#TNuml>
<#TNum2>. , HTMLFile PageProducer .
C++Builder 6 ,
htm Editor. , Internet ,
, .
, , - .
OnAction , . 12.8.2. OnAction
:
void
fastcall TWebModulel::WebModulelWebActionItem2Action(
TObject 'Sender, TWebRequest 'Request,
TWebResponse 'Response, bool SHandled)
{
randomize();
Numl = random(8)+1;
Nura2 = random(8)+l;
Response->Content = PageProducerl->Content() ;
}
Numl Num2, Content PageProducerl Response>Content. OnHTMLTag

PageProdueerl Numl
Num2, , .. OnAction.
OnHTMLTag PageProdueerl :
void
fastcall TWebModulel::PageProducerlHTMLTag(
TObject 'Sender, TTag Tag, const AnsiString TagString,
TStrings *TagParams, AnsiString sReplaceText)
(
if(TagString == "TNuml")
ReplaceText = IntToStr(Numl);
else if(TagString == "TNum2")
ReplaceText - IntToStr (Num2);
754
12
,
HTML, Nurnl Num2.
Multl (
HTML), . , . , ,
, . ,
, , .
12.10
12.10.1
. dbP, , , . 9. , ,
-
. ,
, . ,
. -, - . -,

.
Web . Internet
DataSetTableProdueer. Web
, Default Default true.
Web Table DataSetTableProducer. Tablel Pers
dbP. , . 9, Age. () (. . 9.5.2, . 9), (.
. 9.5.5) .
DataSetTableProdueer Tablel,
DataSet Tablel. Header
HTML, . :
<html>
<1 </1>
<body>
'
Footer HTML,
. :
</body>
</html>
Caption . ,
Header, Caption . MaxRows .
, -
755
. ,
MaxRows .
DataSetTableProducer
, ,
, ( Response Editor).
. 12.10.
. 12.10

FieMNam
Dep
Fani
Nam
Par
Year b
S~
Age
TS!imgfld
TStrinsFeld
ISIiingFeld
TStnngfteU
TSmalMFrid
TBooterfield
TSmallintFd

[ {-
.. | .
, , . Add New
( . 12.10), Add All Fields
( . 12.10). , ,
Tablel .
, , .
, Add New. ,
. 12.10 FieldName ,
Caption Title .
. 12.10
. , Border ( . 12.10
1). Width
. 100%,
. Width < 100%,
.
, , .
OnAction
Tablel.Active := true;
Response.Content : - DataSetTableProducerl.Content;
Tablel.Active := false;
, DataSetTableProducerl. DB1, . Web.

Web,
. 12.11.
756
12
Hiiiiii
. 12.11

[ |
1
jhRp //mycomptei/cgi bm/ctol

*~
.. .
1965
,37
1950
52
1930
12
1937
165
,1961
41
'1975
"
.27
_jj
9 9
Microsoft Internet Explorer HTML ( HTML ), HTML,

DataSetTableProducer:
<html>
<1 </>
<body>
< Width="100%" Align="Left" Border=l>
<></><></><></><></>..
</><></><></>/>
<0></><0></00></0>
<TD>AHTOHOBHa</TD><TD>1955</TD><TD>:c</TD><TD>4 5</TD></TR>
<0></0><0></00></>
<TD>HBaHOBM4</TD><TD>1950</TD><TD>M</TD><TD>50</TDX/TR>
</TableX/body>
</html>
, .
. 12.11 ( depfio).
.
HTML, , , IndexName Tablel .
Header DataSetTableProducerl :
<html>
< </1>
<body>
<Table Border-lxCaption ><></1:.>
<TR><TDXA HREF="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/db2 . exe/index?l">
<//>
<TDXA HREF=-"http: //mycomputer/cgi-bin/db2 . exe/index?2 ">
no oea</A></D></TR>
CTRXTDXA HREF="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/db2.exe/index?3">
. . </AX/TD>
<TDXA HREF="http: //mycoraputer/cgi-bin/db2 . exe/index?4">
ynopflflO4eHO</AX/TDx/TR>
</Table>
757

/index , 1 4.
, : , , ..
. , . Web, Pathlnfo /index, OnAction :
case
1:
2:
S t r T o I n t ( R e q u e s t - Q u e r y ) of
Tablel.IndexNarae : = ' f i o ' ;
Tablel.IndexName : = ' d e p f i o ' ;
3 : Tablel.IndexNarae : = ' y e a r ' ;

4 : Tablel.IndexNarae : = ' ;
end;
Tablel.Active := t r u e ;
Response.Content : - DataSetTableProducerl.Content;
T a b l e l . A c t i v e := f a l s e ;
2 ( Header),
Web. . 12.12.
.
. 12.12

| > |
[]
'' jhtlp //mycompulei/cgi'brt>'db2 '
1930
72
1930
12
Rip
1937
65
'
19W
52
1955
47
I960
42
19
*"
http Mmytcmputer/tgi /dbZ exe$hdex?3 9 9
'
' zi
~~~~ Ik
, , (. . 9.5.5, . 9) , . Filter
Web ,
. , .
12.10.2
. 12.10.1 DataSetTableProducer
, , . Memo -
758
12
.
Internet DataSetPageProdueer. . 12.9 PageProducer, HTML. DataSet
, , . DataSetPageProdueer
, , , , .
Hani , , . Web. Table DataSetTableProducer. ,
, . 12.10.1.
.
DataSetTableProducer , .
Caption Title . FieldName - , , . , , ,
DataSetTableProducer .
, Web, . OnFormatCell DataSetTableProducer. OnFormatCell
.
:
void
fastcall
TWebModulel::DataSetTableProducerlFormatCell(
TObject *Sender, i n t CellRow, i n t CellColuran,
THTMLBgColor SBgColor, THTMLAlign SAlign,
THTMLVAlign SVAlign, AnsiString SCustomAttrs,
AnsiString sCellData)
CellRow CellColumn
, . 0. , 0 . 1. BgColor . Align VAlign
. :
enum THTMLAlign { haDefault, haLeft, haRight, haCenter );
enum THTMLVAlign { haVDefault, haTop, haMiddle, haBottom,
haBaseline };
Cell Data HTML, . CustomAttrs .

OnFormatCell :
void
fastcall
TWebModulel::DataSetTableProducerlFormatCell(
TObject *Sender, i n t CellRow, i n t CellColumn,
THTMLBgColor SBgColor, THTMLAlign SAlign,
THTMLVAlign SVAlign, AnsiString SCustomAttrs,
AnsiString SCellData)
(
if ((CellRow > 0)&S(CellColumn == 7))
CellData - "<a href=\"/cgi-bin/db3.exe/record?N=" +
TablelNura->AsString + "\"></>";
)
( 7),
, ( -
759
DB3). N ,
Num . , .
OnAction Default :
Tablel~>Active = false;
Tablel->IndexName - "depfio";
Response->Content = DataSetTableProducerl->Content() ;

Content DataSetTableProducer.
, DB3, , .
Web, . 12.13.
.
. 12.13

.]
JMIR Mnjtcompuleryc3-t*n/db3 e
..

1
1
2
Web , . , ,
, record PathName = "/record". DataSetPageProducer.
Web , DataSet
Tablel. HTMLDoc :
<body>
<> </>
<table width="100%" Align="Left">
ctrxtd Align~"Left"><fc<l>aMmiHfl
</tdxtdxb>MMs
</tdxtdxb>0T4ecTBO
</tdxtdxb>r.p.
</tdxtd><b>IIo </tdxtdxb>Bo3pacT</tdx/tr>
<tr><td><#Fam></td><tdx#Nara></td><td><#Par></td><td><#Year_b></tdxtd>
<#Sex></tdxtdx#Age></td></tr>
</table>
<br><brxbrxhr>
<table width="100%">
< t r x t d Align-"Left"xb>XapaKTepMCTMKa </tdx/tr>
< t r x t d width="67%"x#Charactx/td>
<td width="33%"x#Photox/td> </trx/table>
</body>
</htral>
, . 12.14.
HTML . -
12
760
DataSetPageProdueer
. , , . HTML
Charact Photo. OnHTMLTag DataSetPageProdueer.
. 12.14
,

..
1950
52
, |
1950 .,
OK |
.
-. I
; 9 9
OnAction record :
Tablel->Active - false;
Tablel->IndexName - " " ;
Tablel->Locate ("Num", Request->QuerFieIds->Values["N"] ,
SearchOptions<<loPartialKey<<loCaseInsensitive);
Response->Content = DataSetPageProducerl->Content();
Locate ,
Num N (. OnFormatCell, ).
HTML,
Content DataSetPageProdueerl.
OnHTMLTag DataSetPageProdueer,
Charact Photo. :
if (TagString == "Charact")
ReplaceText - Tablel->FieldByName("Charact")->AsString;
e l s e if (TagString == "Photo")
ReplaceText = "<irag src=photo?N=" +
Tablel->FieldByNarae("Num")->AsString
+">";
: Charact Charact. .
HTML. <img>
,
. Web
. photo, Pathlnfo /photo
OnAction:
761
#include <Graphics.hpp>
void
fastcall TWebModulel::WebModulelphotoAction(
(
Tablel->Locate("Num",
Request->QueryFields->Values["N"] ,
SearchOptions<<loPartialKey<<loCaseInsensitive);
Graphics::TBitraap *B = new Graphics::TBitmap();
B->Assign(tablel->FieldByName("Photo"));
TMemoryStreara *S1 = new TMemoryStreamO ;
B->SaveToStream(Sl);
Sl->Position = 0;
Response->ContentType = "image/x-xbitmap";
Response->ContentStreara = SI;
delete B;
)
, Graphics.hpp.
TBitmap.
TBitmap, Photo ( Locate
N). S1
TMemoryStream. .
. Response>ContentType
image/x-xbitmap. ContentType Response
.
ContentType (
image ) ( ).
Response>ContentStream , . .
.
. 12.13 12.14 .
12.10.3
, . . . . , . 12.15. Pers dbP.
HTML
Web. :
<htral>
<head>
<title>ripMeM pa6oTy</title>
</head>
<body>
12
762
<><> </1>
<>3, ,
''</>
<form method="POST" action="http://mycomputer/cgi-bin/DB4.exe/resp">
<table>
<tr>
<td><strong>a</strong></td>
<td><input type="text" name="Fam" size="20"x/td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdxstrong>MMH</strong></td>
<tdxinput type="text" name="Nara" size="20"X/td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdxstrong>0T4ecTBO</strong></td>
<tdxinput type="text" name="Par" size="20"x/td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdxstrong>nc^</strongx/td>
<tdxinput type="radio" value="M"
checked name="Sex"xstrong>M</strong>
<input type="radio" name="sex"
value='^"Xstrong></strongx/td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdxstrong>rofl po:w.</strong> </td>
<tdxinput type="text" name="Year" size ; = M 4"x/td>
</tr>
<tr>
<tdx/td>
<tdxdiv a l i g n = " c e n t e r " x c e n t e r x p x i n p u t type="submit"
value="" name="Bl"x/td>
</tr>
</table>
</forra>
</body>
</htral>
, ,
. Fam, Nam, Par, Year , , .
. 12.15

-SssLJ

, , ]
''
["
<~
. JT90
763
1 , Post
DB4.exe ( ) /resp.
Sex . , , value, , , .
. , . 12.9,
,. .
Web. Table
PageProducer. Table, ,
Pers dbP. HTMLDoc PageProducerl Web.
Default true.
HTML ,
PageProducerl OnAction.
. Producer
PageProducerl.
HTML,
/resp. , , Response. OnAction , . - , .
, .
OnAction Response :
void
fastcall
TWebModulel::WebModulelResponseAction(
TObject *Sender, TWebRequest 'Request,
TWebResponse ^Response, bool SHandled)
Word year;
if ((Request->ContentFields->Values["Fam"] == "") II
(Request->ContentFields->Values["Nam"] == "") II
(Request->ContentFields->Values["Par"] == "") I I
(Request->ContentFields->Values["Year"] == ""))
//
Response->Content =
"<> "
"<> ";
Handled = true;
}
else
{
try
{
year = StrTolnt(Request->ContentFields->Values("Year"]);
}
catch (EConvertErrors)
//
{
Response->Content =
"<> "
"<> ";
Handled = true;
return;
)
if ((year < 1917} || (year > 1980))
764
12
//
Response->Content =
"<>, ";
Handled = true;
return;
)
Tablel-Mnsert () ;
TablelFara->AsString = Request->ContentFields->Values["Fara"];
TablelNam->AsString = Request->ContentFields->Values["Nam"];
TablelPar->AsString = Request->ContentFields->Values["Par"];
TablelYear_b->Value = year;
if (Request->ContentFields->Values["Sex"J == "")
TablelSex->Value = true;
else TablelSex->Value = false;
//
Tablel->Post ;
Response->Content =
"<>!<> "
"<> ";
Handled = true;
if , . , ,
.
.
, year*
, Year.
(, ), , catch .
, if , , . , , . , ,
, .
, , Insert ,
, Post
. , , . .
DB4, , (. . 12.15).
, , , . - , .
Table. SQL Ouery ( . . 10.1.6.1, . 10),
QueryTableProducer. Query TQuery. QueryTableProducer DataSetTableProducer .
765
12.11
12,11.1
C++Builder
Web
ActiveX. , HTML. ActiveX .
, , . Web, ActiveX,
. ,
.
, . ,
ActiveX. ,
ActiveX ,
Windows,
Web.
ActiveX . 7, 7.8.4.
. 7 . ,
,
Web. , , . 7.
, Web .
,
:
1. File | New | Other.
2. New Items ActiveX ( ) ActiveX Library (
).
ActiveX,
. 7.
3. File | New | Other, ActiveX Active Form ( ). Active Form Wizard ( ), . 12.16.
VCL ClassName , (
ActiveX, Active Form, Active
. 12.16

>
Hew ActiveX Name JMyShop

Implementing Urri jUMvShop cpp
:
'
- ActvieX CondolOpo
tins
MakeCcnbol Licensed
IncludeAbcutBox
~ include Version [reformation

|
0K
Cancel
12
766
Control, ).
New ActiveX Name (
MyShop), Implementation Unit
( UMyShop.cpp). , .
,
. ,
.
C+H-Builder .
. ,
C++Builder. , (. 12.17) ,
. . 12.19.
, . , ,
. . , ,
. . , ,
.
. 12.17

- : 0 pjjft.
3was
e-mail:
:
, . .
StringGrid,
, Label, , Edit e-mail, Memo ,
Button Label .
OnCreate :
S t r i n g G r i d l - > R o w C o u n t = 6;
S t r i n g G r i d l - > C e l l s [ 0 j [0]
StringGridl->Cells[1][0]
S t r i n g G r i d l - > C e l l s [ I j [Ij
//
"";
"";
"";
"";
" L&M";
"110":
()

StringGridl->Cells[0](5]
StringGridl->Col = 2 ;
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
767
" LG";
"30000";
"0";
"";
"20";
"0";
"";
"200";
"0";
"";
"10";
"0";
/ /
1
.
: , , , .
, , , , , . . - ,
StringGrid . 3.2.6, . 3.
,
- .
StringGrid RowCount = 6 (,
,
). ColCount 4. FixedCols 0, FixedRows = 1.

. OnSelectCell
StringGrid, . , , - .
OnSelectCell :
void
fastcall
TMyShop: -.StringGridlSelectCell (TObject *Sender,

i n t ACol, i n t ARow, bool sCanSelect)
{
CanSelect = (ACol == 2 ) ;
i n t summ = 0 ;
if
(CanSelect)
{
for
(int
i=
1;
i < StringGridl->RowCount;
i++)
//
S t r i n g G r i d l - > C e l l s [ 3 ] [i] =
I n t T o S t r ( a t o i ( S t r i n g G r i d l - > C e l l s [ l ] [ i ] . c _ s t r ()) *
atoi(StringGridl->Cells[2j [ i ] . c _ s t r ( ) ) ) ;
//
summ += a t o i ( S t r i n g G r i d l - > C e l l s [ 3 ] [i] . c _ s t r ( ) ) ;
}
Labell->Caption = " : " + IntToStr(summ) + " . " ;
,
. CanSelect ( ) (ACol == 2), ACol .
, ACol, 2 ( ),
CanSelect true, ACol
768
TZ
CanSelect false . ?
( 3) ,
, summ
. Label 1.
, , Enter
. OnKeyDown StringGridl:
void
fastcall
TMyShop::StringGridlKeyDown(TObject Sender,
WORD SKey, T S h i f t S t a t e S h i f t )
{
if (Key -- VK__RETURN)
{
i n t summ = 0;
for ( i n t i= 1; i < StringGridl->RowCount; i++)
{
S t r i n g G r i d l - > C e l l s [3] [ i ] =
IntToStr(atoi(StringGridl->Cells[l][i].c_str(}) *
atoi(StringGridl->Cells[2][i].c_str()));
summ + = a t o i ( S t r i n g G r i d l - > C e l l s [ 3 j [ i ] . c s t r ( ) ) ,
}
L a b e l l - > C a p t i o n = " : " + I n t T o S t r ( s u m m ) + " . " ;
)
}
,
, e-mail,
, .
:
void
fastcall
TMyShop::ButtonlClick(TObject
*Sender)
Application->MessageBox(
" "
" ",
" ",_);
)
. . ,
Web, .
Project | Build.
12.11.2
.
Web.
. Project | Web Deployment Options.
, . 12.18.
Target dir ActiveX
Web. Target URL URL . , , .
HTML dir , HTML, ActiveX. Web,
. Include file version number
,
Project | Options t'.e Versionlnfo (. . 2.3.5, . 2).

. 12.18
Web Deployment Options
769
Piqed j Package* \ AdStional Files ]
Twgal ds (Ful path o* the depbyed 0CX1

]F\Test)Slntetnet
Taiga!URL (Ritualpath of flie depfojied OCXl
[Ful pelh of the depbped HTML
, Seneial Options-~ -~""

Use CA8 He compressi
" le
!.**
Web Deployment Options

. Project | Web Deploy.
Web .
Web. ,
,
ActiveX Windows. Run | Register ActiveX Server. , , .
ActiveX Windows, Run |
Unregister ActiveX Server.
HTML, C++Builder
. , , .htm. , HTML dir
Web Deployment Options. C++Builder. :
<HTML>
<1> C++Builder 6 ActiveX Test Page </1>
You should see your C++Builder 6 forms or controls embedded in the form
below.
<HRxcenterXP>
<OBJECT
classid="clsid:lC17E3C9-8FDl-4AE0-8 971-2E3 93E99D326"
codebase="http://www.Myshop.com/PMyShop.ocx#version=l, 0,0, 0"
width=350
height=250
align=center
hspace=0
vspace=0
>
</OBJECT>
</HTML>
HTML . 12.2,
. <1> , : C++Builder 6 ActiveX Test Page
ActiveX C++Builder 6. , ,
Web. : You should
see your C++Builder 6 forms or controls embedded in the form below
, C++Builder 6.
, , . <HR> .
770
12
C++Builder <OBJECT>. , HTML. width

(), height (), align (), hspace ( )
vspace ( ) . classid , .
ActiveX,
, . , URL.
, , ,
. , .
classid (
#version=l,2,0,0) , . 12.18
Include file version number. , , . , 1.1.0.0 , , .
1, - 1 , 1, -1, .
, C++Builder HTML, . ,
html Editor.
, HTML. , , :
<HTML>
<1> MyShop </1>

.

, e-mail .
<HR><centerxP>
DBJECT
classid="clsid:39A30D25-B8B7-llD4-8 4B9-444553540000
#version=l,2,,"
codebase-"http://www.myshop.com/PMyShop. ocx"
width=350
height=310
align=center
hspace=0
vspace-0
>
</OBJECT>
</HTML>
. Microsoft Internet Explorer, , C++Builder . 12.4. . 12.19 .

Web ,
.
ActiveX,
. Microsoft Internet Explorer, ,
safety level ( ) medium (). .
771

. 12.19
Web.

MyShop

, ?
mail
LG "
20
200
42 <
e m
<&0 "
1 110
31X100
I2D0
0
< 23456
]
|^ ;^
PMy5hop.htm: 9 9
12.12

, , C++Builder 6
. .
[2]. -,
, , ,
C++Builder.

NMMSGServ NMMsg,
FastNet .
C-H-Builder. NMMsg. Host
Port, , .
, , , 6711. Port . FromName , . , . Postlt,
, sMsg .
NMMSGServ . NMMsg. , ,
FromName. OnMSG, sFrom NMMsg.
TNMStrm
TNMStrmServ. ,
, , , -, -,
..
NMStrm NMMsg. -
772
12
6711 Postlt. TStream

. .
NMStrmServ . NMMSGServ .
OnMSG sMsg .

. , . :
, . ,
IP- , .
.
. ,
,
. , .
ClientSocket
Internet. Open, Close. SendText .
SendStream SendStreamThenDrop ,
, . ReceiveText , ReceiveBuf
.
, , ServerSocket, Internet.
OnClientRead OnRead .
FostNet ,
. , . NMDayTime NMTime
. NMFTP
FTP. FTP .
NMSMTP NMPOP3 SMTP POP, . NMNNTP :
. , , .
FastNet ,
, . NMUUProcessor MIME/Base 64 UUEncoding/Decoding. NMURL URL - .

URL, HTTP.
C++Builder 6 WebServices WebSnap. ,
C++Builder, .
C++Builder [2].
12
6711 Postlt. TStream
. .
NMStrmServ . NMMSGServ .
OnMSG sMsg .

. , . :
, . ,
IP- , .
.
. ,
,
. , .
ClientSocket
Interne!. Open, Close. SendText .
SendStream SendStreamThenDrop ,
, . ReceiveText , ReceiveBuf
.
, , ServerSocket, Internet.
OnClientRead OnRead .
FastNet ,
, , . NMDayTime NMTime
. NMFTP
FTP. FTP .
NMSMTP NMPOP3 SMTP POP, . NMNNTP
. , , .
FastNet ,
, . NMUUProcessor MIME/Base 64 UUEncoding/Decoding. NMURL URL
URL, HTTP.
C++Builder 6 WebServices WebSnap. ,
C++Builder, .
C++Builder [2].

13
C++
14
C++
15

C++Builder
16
, C++, C++Builder,
API Windows
17
, , , ,

C++

C++, C++Builder. , , C++Builder, , C++. , , Object Pascal. ,
, , C++Builder. , , , - C++.
13.1
C++
:
. , , DATABASE, DataBase, Database database , . , , "_".
. , .
(, , , ) , .
/* */. , ,
, .
. , ,
"*/". , C++Builder
. Nested Comments Advanced Compiler . ,
. . "//" , , . , "II", .
";". .
.
. ,
, , ,
, , . -

, SendMessage PostMessage.
UINT RegisterWindowMessage(
LPCTSTR l p S t r i n g
//
);
lpString , .

, OxFFFF. ,
.
,
. , .
Windows.
RegisterWindowMessage ,
.

WM_USER 0x7FFF.
16.8.4 Perform
TControl, Windows.
int
fastcall Perform(Cardinal Msg, int WParam, int LParam);
Msg , WParam LParam .
Perform API Windows, , , C++Builder. , .

Perform TMessage Msg,
WParam, LParam .
, WindowProc. , Perform . ,
Form2->Perform(WM_CLOSE,0,0);
WM_CLOSE Form2, .
16 8.5 WMUSER
. .
WM_USER ,
Windows, .
:
0 WMJJSER - 1
, Windows
\VM_USER 0x7FFF
0x8000 OxBFFF
, Windows
OxFFFF
, , RegisterWindowMessage
OxFFFF
, Windows
WM_USER 0x7FFF
.
, , (, TButton, TEdit, TListBox TComboBox) . , .
WM_USER . 7, . 7.4.4.
16.8.6 TMessage
, Windows WndProc
Messages
Messages
struct TMessage
{
Cardinal Msg;
struct
{
Word
Word
Word
Word
Word
Word
WParamLo;
WParamHi;
LParamLo;
LParamHi;
ResultLo;
ResultHi;
..-^-.. -..--
. ,.
. -- .-.::... .--. -.-.. .-..-. .....
, , ,
. , #define PI =3-14159 PI =3.14159.
C++
const, .
. , , , . , const , , , , .
#define :
// :
t d e f i n e Anyk " "
// Delete :
#define Delete
// #include:
#define GETSTD #include <stdio.h>
13.2.2.2
#define, :
define _() _
.
:
_()
, #define,
. ,
.
,

.
, , :
#define
CIRC(x)
(3.14159
()
())
, CIRC (), ;
!
. , :

S = CIRC(4);
i
:
:
S =
(3.14159
(4)
(4));
, S .

S - : 1 ( -t ) ;
:
S
( 3 . 1 4 1 5 9 *
( + )
b ) ) ;
, . , .

.
CIRC(4) .
:
S = 3 . 1 4 1 5 9 * a + b * a + b ;
(. . 13.7.15) 3.14159 * , b * , . , .

. , .
: ,
,
# d e f i n e
E l l ( x , y )
( 3 . 1 4 1 5 9
()
())
:
S
E l l ( R l ,
R2);

. ,
:
double circ(double x)
{
r e t u r n 3 . 1 4 1 5 9 * * ;
}
:
S = c i r c ( + );
, , :
.

. .
, , .
, , , . , . ,
.
+ ,
. , . , - , .
.
,
. ?1 -- -
, . , CIRC, , :
S = CIRC(a++)
(.
. 13.7.2) 1, :
S =
(3.14159 *
(++)
(++));
,
. 1, 2.
:
S = CIRC(++a)
1 , :
S = (3.14159 * (++) * (++));
, :
S = (3.14159 * ( + 1) * ( + 2) ) ;
, circ.
. , , (inline . . 13.5.6). , , , .
VIHJ1D
, . inline.
13.2.2.3 #undef

#undef, :
#undef

. ,
#undef . #define.
, :
Idefine MyConst 128
// MyConst 128
#undef MyConst
// MyConst
#define MyConst 64
// MyConst 64
13.2.3 : #if, #endif, #ifdef,

#ifndef, #else, #elif
i
.
" . , sizeof , .
#if if.
:
#if

#endif
. (), , #if #endif, .

(), , .
, ,
defined
defined 1, ' #define, 0 . , :
#if defined Debug && !defined MyConst

#endif
,
#define Debug

#define MyConst

;
#undef MyConst
#if defined
#ifdef, #if ! defined #ifndef. ,
#ifdef Size
fendif
#if defined Size

tendif
#elif ( else if if)

HFelse ( else if). ,
I1#if 1
1
ttelif 2
2
#else
3
* ' endif
1 , 1,
2 , 2, 3 , .
. ,
, (. . 2, .
2.8.11). ,
,
tifdef Debug

#endif
,
#define Debug
<
. .
#define, Debug, . 0
, , Conditionals Directories/Conditionals Project Options (. . 15, . 15.9.5).
, :
Debug, true :
#if (Debug)
<

}
Debug false, . , , .
.
.
,
, C++Builder :
ifndef UnitlH
define UnitlH

tendif
? #include, . Unitl.h,
UnitlH . .
#include , , UnitlH , .
13.3
13.3.1
. 4 : , , ( ) . : 25 -5 -
, 4.8, 515, 515, -5.18 , '',

'\0', '\', '007' , .
, . , ( 0 7). : 032. 08 , 8 .
037777777777. ,
, .
X ,
( 0 F,
). : 0XF01.
OxFFFPFFFF. , , ,
. char, signed char unsigned char.
. , '\0'. .
, . :
" , " " "
" , "
" "

" , "
, , '\'. ,
" , \
"
.
, . ,
"\"\"\ \tA.flpec\nI4BaHOB\t XtMocKBa"

""
\ , Kai
. \t \ ;
.
"\", !
. ,
"c:\\test\\test.cpp"
( )
":\test\test."
~ ~ ~ < ~ ~ > ~ ~ > ~ ~ - ^ ^
, , ,
'V .
:
enum ();
,
enum color ( red,
yellow, green };
color,
red, yellow green.
color .
, : red - 0, yellow - 1, green - 2. ,
. ,
enum color { red, yellow = 3, green = red + 1};
, : red - 0, yellow - 3, green - 1.

.
.
C++Builder ,
true , false , NULL .
13.3.2
, . .
.
. , 55,
- ,
i f (N > ) . . .
,
i f (N > 5 5 ) . . .
, NMax, 55,
, , .
, (. . 13.4.1),
const:
const _ = ;
:
const float Pi, = 3.14159;
,
. , , Pi,
const float Pi2 =2 * Pi; //
const f l o a t Kd = Pi/180; //
:
const maxint = 12345;
1
, int. ,
const Pi = 3.14159; Pi 3,
.
-
.
:
char 'const s t r l = "!";
char const *str2 = " !";
strl, . str2 . . , . ,
str2 = strl;
,
strl = str2;
13.4
13.4.1
,
, . .
:
___;
,
. :
i n t x l , x2;
. :
i n t xl - 1, 2 = 2;
,
, . :
i n t xl = 1, 2 - 2 * x l ;

, , , :
for ( i n t i = 0; i < 10; i++)
13.4.2
,
, . , , .
C++Builder : auto, register,
extern static.
, .
( )
, (, ,
, ..) . -
, - i
.
'
, , . . , .
, "{ }".
- .
:
. auto register
. .
, ,
.
auto, ,
. :
auto float x, ;

, auto .
.
, , :
{
int
1;
.
i ( ) . 1 . . , - .
register , , . :
register int i = 1;
,
,
. .
register. ,
, . , .
register .
extern static ,
.
.
.
: ,
1
static. extern.
- . , .
' ^^""*^""*^**^"^***^^^^*^"^^''^^^
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?
, , , .
.
, static,
, .
, static
. ,
.
, i
:
(
static int i = 1;
i 1 i 1. 2. i 3. ,
, , , , .
, .
, .
extern . , , Unitl Unitl.cpp Unitl.h
( )
int a = 5;
, Unit2 Unit2.cpp Unit2.h

extern int ;
, . .
#include (. . 13.2.1), Unitl
.
. 13.6.
13.5
13.5.1
,
. , , , , .
, .
,
I = 5 * F(X) ;
F X, 5
I.
, . :
.
:
( )
.,

)
, ,
, . , .
, .
void.
, int.
.
~.._,.._
int ,
, , main. , .
, , ( )

_ _
, :
double FSum(double XI,double X2, i n t A)
FSum, XI, 2 ,
double, int. double. XI, 2 , ..
, .
.
. 13.5.2.
, :
void SPrint(AnsiString S)
, , - .
,
, void. :
void Fl(void)
void Fl ()

void , . .
C++
. , (.. , ). C++
. , , ,
C++.
( ),

. ,
";" . , . - ,
.
. ,
,
,
.
:
double FSum(double XI,double X2, ,int ) ;
void SPrint(AnsiString S ) ;
'
void Fl(void);
double FSum(double, double, int) ;

void SPrint(AnsiString);
void Fl () ;
.
-, ,
- . , , . -, , .

. , . , , , ( ), . ,
.
, - , . , ,
#include (. . 13.2.1), , .
~~^~^~-~^-~-~.-.'-.".-.--. -
- ( )
. ,
, .
, - ,
.
. , (, printf) .
"...". . :
int prf(char *format, . . . ) ;
format char
* (, ) .
void F p ( . . . ) ;
'
.
, .

extern static. extern , . , extern, (. . 13.6.1
. 1.9.5.4, . 1). static,
s t a t i c void F(void);
.

.
.
, , , , .
1
. , ! .
, . .
- , . ,
"::", ..
.
, , . ,
static ( . . 13.4.2).
.
,
,
return. ,

return

, .
:
double FSum(double XI,double X2, int A)
(
return * (XI + X2);
)
. , :
void S P r i n t ( A n s i S t r i n g
{.
i f (S != " " )
ShowMessage(S);
i
S)
. , return:
void S P r i n t ( A n s i S t r i n g S)
{
if (S == " " ) r e t u r n ;
ShowMessage(S);
}
- (. . 13.10). Abort,
EAbort, - . , Abort . '
-
. , .. . , . , n! = n (-1) (2) ... 1, , 1! = 1 0! = 1. for ( , , ).
n! = n (1)!. . factorial :
unsigned long f a c t o r i a l
{
if {n <= 1)
r e t u r n 1;
else
(unsigned long n)
return n * factorial(n - 1 ) ;
)
n 0 1, 1.
, factorial, , . , 1. noii .
13.5.2

, , , . ,
double FSum(double XI,double X2, int h)
XI, X2, .
:
Pr(Y,
X2,
5);
,
. . XI, 2, , Y, X2 5. X I , 2, . XI, 2 , .

. ,
.

.
- , , , .
, , ,
.
,
.
.
, .
,
;
,
.
:
. . , , (&);
. . ,
int Scount
int s count
ints count
count int. . ,
, (&).

.
:
void
square(int
&);
void s q u a r e ( i n t 4a)
{
a *= a;
/ /
//
//
. :
int xl = 2;
square(xl);
xl 4.
,
,
. ,
.
(. . 14.7, . 14). (&), (*).
"* ",
, , .
*, ( . 14.7, . 14).
, ,
&.
square, :
void s q u a r e ( i n t * ) ;
void square(int *a)
//
//
* *= *;
//
)
, , :
i n t xl = 2;
square(sxl);
13.5.3
const
.
: , , . : .
.
.
v 'oust.
( , const ) :
double F(const SA)
,
. : Cannot modify a const object.
, , .
: , , . .

, ,
.
.
const .
,
, , , , . , :
void'F(const char *sPtr);
, sPtr, const char * ( ).

, . () , . ,
.
,
, . , , .
.
.
:
void F( char *const sPtr);
.
. ,
,
, , . :
void F(const char *const sPtr);
13.5.4

. ,
, .
:) " = " , . , ,
, ,
V , (, ) 2.
, , ,
( , ), : F = G V ( - 2), G .
, , :
d o u b l e A r h ( d o u b l e V = 1, d o u b l e P = 0 . 5 ,
d o u b l e PH2O = 1, d o u b l e G = 9.81)
{ r e t u r n G * V * (PH2O - P ) ; )
. V
1 3 , 0.5 / 3 ( ), 2 1 / 3 ,
G 9,81 / 2 .
,
. ,

F = Arh();
F .
() .
, .
,
F = Arh(2);
, 2 3
.
F
Arh ( 2 , 2 . 6 ) ;
3
, ( 2.6 / )
2 3 . , , ,
,
, ,
( ).
,
, .

. , :
F = Arh(2,,1.1);
//
. , .
13.5.5
.
:
( , . . .)
( ),
. stdarg.h va_list : va_start,
va_arg va_end.
va_start :
void va_start(va_list ,
lastfix)
,

. lastfix
.
va_arg :
type va_arg(va_list , type)
. type . va_arg va_start va_arg. va_arg

.
va_end :
void va _end (va_list )
, . , va_arg . .
. average, Labell . , .
.
:
ffinclude <stdarg.h>
void average(AnsiString mess,...)
{
double A = 0;
int i = 0,arg;
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, mess);
while ((arg = va_arg(ap,int)) != 0)
{
i++;
A += arg;
)
Forml->Labell->Caption = mess + "N = " +IntToStr(i) +
", = "+FloatToStr(A/i);
va_end(ap);
}
, , :
average(" :
",4,2,3,5,4,0);
Labell :
: N = 5, = 3,6
average ,
( 0), N, :
void averaqo (AnsiStrinq mps:;, int. N, . . . )
double A = 0;
va l i s t ;
va s t a r t ( a p , N);
f o r ( i n t i 0; i < N; i++)
A += v a _ a r g ( a p , i n t ) ;
Forml->Labell->Caption = mess + "N = " +IntToStr(N) +
", = "+FloatToStr(A/N);
va_end(ap);
)
, , :
average("
",5,4,2,3,5,4);
13.5.6 inline
, . C++
(inline) . inline , .
(. . 13.2.2.2). , , , .
inline,
, .
inline
. .
'
~ -
inline
. inline ,
. inline , .
, ,
, R.
, :
i n l i n e d o u b l e C i r c ( d o u b l e R) { r e t u r n 6.28318 * R; )
Circ(2) 6.28318 * 2 ( ).
13.5.7
C++ ,
( ). . C++
, .
,
, ( .
->
- -
, ,
.
, , ,
char * ,
, . , , , ToS, ,
.
:
c h a r * T o S ( c h a r * S , l n t X)
{return strcat(strcat(S,"
"),IntToStr(X).c_str());}
char * ToS (char *S, double X)

{return strcat(strcat (S," "),FloatToStr(X) .cstr() );}
char * ToS(char *S, bool X)
(if (X) return strcat (S," true");
else return strcat (S," false");)
, , :
c h a r S [ 1 2 8 ] = " =>";
c h a r SI = T o S ( S , 5 ) ;
char S[128] = " = ";

char S2 = TOS(S,5.3);
char S[128] = " = " ;

c h a r S3 = T o S ( S , t r u e ) ;
,
double, . , , .
,
. , Area
R, , , :
double Area(double R) ( r e t u r n 6.28318 * R * R; }
double Area(double a, double b) ( r e t u r n a * b; )

51 = Area (1) ;
52 = A r e a ( 1 , 2 ) ;
, .
, .
( ),
. , . ; . .

.
. , , .
; .

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, , .
13.5.8
.
, , . .
, , C++
. , .
template,
,
(<) (>). class.
, , . , .
.
,
( ) :
t e m p l a t e < c l a s s T>
min(T x l , 2, )
(
lmin - x l ;
if (2 < lmin)
lmin = x2;
if (x3 < lmin)
lmin = x3;
r e t u r n lmin;
}
, min. ( min) xl .
lmin.
, , :
int
i 1
1,
i2
d o u b l e rl 2 . 5 ,
A n s i S t r i n g si =
Labell~>Caption
Label2~>Caption
Label3->Caption
3,
13
2;
r2 = 1.7, r3 = 3.4," 1 " , s2 = " 2 " , s3 = " 3 " ;

= min(il,i2,i3);
= min(rl,r2,r3);
= min(s3, s2, s i ) ;
min ,
, min, C++
. . , .
,
:
int min(int xl, int x2,
(
int lmin = xl;
if (x2 < lmin)
lmin = x2;
if (x3 < lmin)
lmin = x3;
return lmin;
)
int x3)
, <.
--
.._..___,,,.
.,,_ ,_,,,

.
. class .
13.6
13.6.1 ,

, . ,
( . . 13.4.2),
, . , , .
, ( ),
.
. , , .
( , , start:)
, .
, ,
. switch (
case) goto (. . 13.8.1.2 13.8.1.3). , .

.
, ( ),
. .
, .
, , , , .
.

,
() . , ,
,
. , static, ,
, .
"::". , ::1 I,
I.

, (.
. 13.5.1). .
, . , , ,
.
,
, , ( ) extern.
, - ,
. , static.
.
, , , ,
, #include (. . 13.2.1)
.
, ,
. 1, . 1.9.5.4.
13.6.2
namespace using
. . , , , . , .
namespace ' using.
:
namespace _
(
,
)
:
namespace A{
int i = 1;
|
void Fl(int i)
(
Forml~>Labell->Caption => " A: i = " + IntToStr(i);
namespace B{
int
2;
'
void F l ( i n t i )
<
F o r m l - > L a b e l l - > C a p t i o n = " : i = " + I n t T o S t r ( i )
.
. i F1.
- . .

.
(::). ,
::F1(A::i);
F1 i .
, . ,
, .
using. using:
using namespace _;
,
using namespace A;
. ,
, - using
Fl(i);
F1 i .
using ,
:
using _ :: ;
,
using A::F1;
'
using ::i;
! 1
( i ) ;
F1 i .
namespace
, namespace, , using namespace, . , . ,
:
namespace {
namespace {
using namespace A;
namespace {

. . :
using namespace :: ;
13.7
13.7.1
. . , , . ,
" + " : X + Y . . , , . , -X X " ".
, , . . 13.7.15.
13.7.2
,
. :

+
*
/
%
X + Y
- Y
\ *
X /
Y
V

(
)
+7

( )
++
i ++; + + i
i; i
-X
.
(+) (-) , .
.
. , , .
.
( ) . .
, , .
. . 14, . 14.7.
(*) (/) .
(. . 14.2 . 14).
(%) .
. , ,
, :
1. , , .
2. , , .
.
(++) ()
(++) () . ,
. L-, .. . , ++( + ), ( + ) , .
, . , 1, (++), = + 1 += 1, . 13.7.3 (+=).
, . . , ,
.
, , . , .
,
int i = 1, j ;
j = i++ * i++;
i 3, j - 1. , j :
i, 1, , .. ; j, i 1 1
.
:
int i = 1, j ;
j = ++i * ++i;
: i 3, j - 9.
, j : i 2;
i 3; i , ..
j.
13.7.3 ,
Assign
C++ .

X = Y
, ,
,
X += Y
-=
- , ,
X -= Y
*=
X *= Y
/=
X /= Y
%=
X %= Y
X = Y
>>=
X = Y

&=
X &= Y
X != Y
= Y
(=)
. , " = " ,
.
, X += Y X = X + Y, .
: X %= Y X = X % Y .. (. . 13.7.2 13.7.6).

.
.
.
. , :
= ( = = 1 ) + 1 ;
. 1, - 2.
. , , (.. = 1). 1, = 1. 1, 1 + 1. 2 .

Assign (. . 17), . Assign
:
_ -assign (_) ;
:
A->Assign();
( ) .
:
. Assign
.
. ,
( ),
. , ,
. , , , - .
13.7.4

. true , , false (0) , . :
==
I ==
;=
!=
<
X < Y
>
Len > 0
<=
Cnt <= I
>=
I >= 1
, , .
<, <=, >, >= ,
.
== != .
true false,
.
: (==) (=). ,
if( = = 2)
...;

if(A = 2)
. , C++
, , , , if. 0, false. true. = 2
true , , if . .
, C++Builder
if :
Possibly incorrect assignment ( ).
, . , .
- ~~~*-.,.~.
,.
,
, .
.
13.7.5

: true false (0).
&&
&&
| |
(!) true,
. , !
== .
(&&) true,
. 0 (false), one
false. ,
, .
(||) true,
. 0 (false), false. ,
, .
13.7.6

, .. .
&
X & Y
X << 2
(~) .
&, | " , 1 2 :
1
1 & 2
1 - 2
El E2
( )
, . .
,
. IJ .

2 .
( )
, . ,
. 2.
13.7.7 ()
(,), ,
, . . void. . .
,
= 4;
b = + 5;

= 4 , = + 5 ;
:
_1, _2, .../ _
, .
, . ,
func(i,
(j = 1, j + 4) , k) ;
, . : (i, 5, ).
for (.
. 13.8.2.1) . , for :
i n t A[10],
sum
for
sum,
i;
= [0] ;
( i n t i = 1; i
sum += A [i] ;
<
10;
i++)
To :
int
[10],
for
(i = 1,
sura,
i;
sum = A [ 0 ] ;
i < 10;
sura + = A [ i ] ,
i++);
: ,
( i sum),
, ( sum i).
~~-~*~~
(,).
. , ,
.
13.7.8 (?:)
(?:) ()
C++, . :
? _1 : 2
, , ( ),
, ( ). ,
Labell->Caption =
grade > 3 ? " " : "";
grade grade, 3, grade.
,
if...else (. . 13.8.1.1). if...else. ,
if...else .
. (, , , ),
. - .
13.7.9 sizeof
sizeof ,
, . size_t (unsigned).
:
sizeof
sizeof (_)
:
sizeof *Labell;
sizeof(TLabel);
sizeof a;
sizeof (int);
,
(*Labell), (TLabel, int), ().
, , , . , , , sizeof.
, sizeof
, , .
., ,
(.. ). sizeof array/

sizcof [].
, , . sizeof
.
sizcof , , .
13.7.10 typeid
typeid type_info,
. :
typeid( )
typeid( )
, typeid , . , .
13.7.11 (&) (*)

(&) , (*) . . 14.7, . 14. . 13.5.2.
13.7.12 (::)
, (::). :
:
: :
:
:: _

,
. , ::1 I,
I. () . . 13.6.
- - , , . - .
, C++Builder,
.
. . 1, . 1.9.5.3.
13.7.13 : (.) (->)

: (.) (-"). -
, . , Prop F(), :
A.Prop
A.FO
, C++Builder,
. :
Labell->Caption
Labell->Hide ()
, , , , :
(*LabelI).Caption
, .
13.7.14 ( ) ( )
(<<) ( )
, cout cin,
, (. . 14, .
14.9.3.1). , outfile infile
.
include <fstream.h>
// outfile, "Test.dat"
* ofstream outfile("Test.dat") ;
if (!outfile)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
,
}
...
//
outfile.close();
//
// infile, "Test.dat"
ifstream infile ("Test.dat");
if(!infile)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
)
...
//
infile.close();
//
. . 14 . 14.9.3.1.
, .. , , .
, ,
, ,
, - , , ,
.
, , ,
.
. ,
outfile << "!";
!.
int i = 2 5;
outfile << i;
25.
<< , .. . , ,
outfile
" 2 * 2 =
"
(2
2);
2 * 2 = 4. ,
2 * 2 = outfile,

outfile (2 * 2);
.
, , . Memo,
OnClick :
char s i n [ 8 0 ] ;
ofstream outfile("Test.dat");
if(loutfile)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
// , :
outfile << "2 * 2 - " 2 * 2;

//
outfile.close() ;
//
ifstream infile("Test.dat"} ;
if(!infile)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
Memol->Clear ;
while(!infile.eof() )
{
infile.getline(si,80);
Memol->Lines->Add(AnsiString(si) ) ;
}
'
,
'
//
infile .close () ;
. 14, . 14.9.3.1.
, Test.dat,
outfile, << ,
. , infile,
Memol.
<<. ( ) , . , '\' endl ( end

line ). ,
outfile << "2 * 2 :\" (2 * 2) " \ " ;
outfile
"2
:"
<< e n d l
<<
( 2 * 2 )
<< e n d l ;
: 2 * 2 :, 4, .
.
. ,
int i = 25, j = 2;
o u t f i l e << i << " *
" j
< < " = " < <
(i * j)
<< e n d l ;

int i = 25, j = 2;
char s[80] = "25 * 2 = ";
outfile << s << (i * j) << endl;
: 25 * 2 = 50.
, char * .
AnsiString (. . 18)
.
char * c_str:
AnsiString sa = " AnsiString";
outfile << sa.c str() << endl;
. Editl
Edit2, , :
int i = StrToInt(Editl->Text);
int j = StrToInt (Edit2->Text);
outfile << i << (i == j ? " " : " ") << " " , j << endl;
... ... ...

....
, . , (. . 13.7.15) i, .
. ,
outfile << Memol endl;
0063F610 Memol.
char *.
, , s,
, . << .
,
(void *). :
outfile
(void * ) s << e n d l ;

<<.
, , .
endl. . 14, . 14.9.3.2.
( ) .
, , , . ,
. . ,
infile >> i >> j , -
, , infile, i j.
, .
, , . , ,
outfile i
'
'
<< endl;
.
outfile i << j endl;
.. ,
i, j .
char *. , :
char s [ 8 0 ] ;
i n f i l e >> s;
s. , ,
. ,
. 14, . 14.9.3.1.
, 0. , , ,
, :
while (inf i l e s l )
13.7.15
, , .
16 , .
. , , . ,
, .
, (,
), ,
.

, , .
, ,
, new delete, . 13.9.
->
! - + ++ & * sizeof new delete
.* - > *
* / %
< <= > >=
&
&&
?:
_ * = i= o/o=
__
+_
& =
-_
< < =
> > =
, + b * / d + (( * ) / d). , , .
, b * ,
. .
, ,
.
13.7.16
C++ , (.), (*), (::), (?:) sizeof.
= , [ ] , ( ) >
-. .
, -
, . ,
C++. ,
, .., , .
(
), , ,
operator, . , operator+ .
, ,
, . (=)
. - .
, ;
. (&)
;
. - .
.
. ,
.
.
, . , , .
,
, , C++ . ; , , .

~.,.,.-_._,,,..-..,._
,
, , .

Complex, , . , , .
class Complex {
public:
double Re;
//
double Im;
//
Complex(double = 0.0, double = 0.0); //
//
Complex operator+(const Complex &) const; //
Complex operator+() const;
//
//
Complex operator-(const Complex S) const; //
Complex operator-() const;
//
Complex &operator=(const Complex & ) ;
//
)'
//
Complex: :Complex (double R, double I)
(
Re = R;
Im = I;
}
//
Complex Complex::operator+(const Complex &X) const
(
Complex R;
K.Ro - Re + X.Re;
U . Im " Im X . I in;
'
rrl'urn R;
)
//
Complex Complex::operator-() const
{
Complex R;
R.Re - -Re;
R.Im = -Im;
return R;
}
//
Complex & Complex::operator(const Complex &R)
{
Re = R.Re;
Im = R. Im;
return * t h i s ; //
)
-: Re
, Im . 0.
Complex operator+(const Complex &) const;

. , , . + , Complex, , , A.operator+(B).
Complex operator+()
const;
, .
.

R Complex, .
Re Im, ,
. .

Re Im. ,
*this. this .
,
. .
= , Complex, A.operator=(B). ,
= = ? , .rator=(C). .rator=(B.operator=(C)). , , . ,
*this. .
, , :
Complex
A ( l , l ) ,
= -;
= + + ;
D = - ;
- ;
B(2,2),C,D;
13.8
13.8.1
13.8.1.1 if
if . , .
: if if...else. if :
if () ;
, , .
, . ( true ), if .
if . ,
= ;
i f ( > ) = ;
, =
> .
C++ ( )
( true,
false), . :
int , , ;
if( - /)
if(a - b/c) if(a == b/c),
b/c /. :
double , , ;
if(
/)
- ,
/ .
, _ , _ , , , , _ _ ,..,, ..,,.,,...,.
. . - ,
.
. :
if
(int v -
func(a))
...;
if, .
if...else :
if () ].;
else 2;
true, , . ,
else .
.
if (J == 0)
ShowMessage (" ");
else
Result = I/J;
, , ,
:
if (J == 0)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
Result = 0 ;
,
}
else
Result = I/J;
, else .
if , if else. , else if,
else.
,
if (1)
if (2)
onepaiopl;
else 2;
else if, .. 2
, , . ,
if (1)
j
if (2) 1;
else 2;
}
else if, :
if (!)
{
if (2) 1;
)
else 2;
13.8.1.2 switch
switch
.
switch :
switch (_) {
case _1 : 1;
break;
//
case _ : ;
break;
//
default : ;
//
, .. , , ,
.
, case, , . ":", ( ), ,
.
,
case, , , ,
, . , , ,
, ,
break;
switch .
. , , default. ,
default switch. , ,
.
, , .
.
, .
Key char, , . FYes, FNo,
.
s w i t c h (Key) {
case ' ' : case 'Y': { FYes(); break; )
case ' n ' : case ' N ' : { FNoO; break; }
d e f a u l t ; ShowMessage (" " | ;
}
,
,
case.
13.8.1.3 goto
goto
, .

goto . , goto
.
goto ,
. , , .
._.,.,
goto. . goto , , , . , ,
.

. ,
Lbegin:
, goto.
, goto, , . ,
, .
.
, , . switch ( case . .
13.8.1.2).
, .
goto :
goto ;
, goto , , :
goto L1;
second:
LI:
...
...
if ( . . . ) goto LI;
e l s e goto second;
, , ,
goto.
13.8.2
13.8.2.1 for
for
( , ) . . (),
. ,
.
for:
for (].; 2; ) ;
1 , ,
^ ,
.
for . ! ( , .. . . 13.7.7). -
( ) .
2 . (
true ), ,
for. , . ,
2,
. - 2 false ( ), , for.
for. ,
Data 10:
i n t Max, Sum;
= Sum = D a t a [ 0 ] ;
f o r f i n t i = 1; i < 10; i++)
{
i f ( D a t a [ i ] > Max)
Sum + = D a t a [ i ] ;
Max -
Data[i];
for i, , 1.
. ,
i, , , 9. for i 1 .
i for.
. i
.
BCC32.EXE,
, , , Vd.
for
(. . 13.7.7). . , i Sum ,
for:
i n t Sum, i,for(Sum = Data[0],i - 1; i < 10; Sum += Data[i++]};
for ,
Sum, , i.
for
i. for , .

. , , . . ,
, Editl, .
,
.
AnsiString s;
char Key = 'A';
s = Editl-XText;
for ( i n t i = s. Length ( ) ; i >0; s [ i ] = s [ i ]
E d i t l - > T e x t = s;
Key);
i , Lcngth(). i 1 .
,
for
Length(), .
Length() .
for . ,
- . ,
,
. , -
goto , . 13.8.2.4. for , .
- ,
( ) . ,
for (; i < 10;)
.
, for .
for .
for, Mat,
Matl Mat2 . . :
Mat[l,j] = XMatlU.K] Mat2[K,j].
i n t I , J , K, X;
f o r ( I = 1; I <= M; I++)
f o r ( J = 1; J <- M; J++)
(
X = 0;
;
f o r (K - 1; <== M; K++) '
X + = M a t l [ I ) [ K ] * Mat2[K][J);
Mat [ I ] [ J ] = X;
}
13.8.2.2 dc.while
do...while , , ,
. do...while:
do while
();
. .
,
. true ( ), . -
, false ().
, do...while.
, ,
. , ,
false. , ,
.. . .
- , , break , . 13.8.2.4.
do , - . , ,
.. . , , .
- , while ,
. ,
.
, .
, while (. . 13.8.2.3).
, for (. . 13.8.2.1).
, Filel.txt ,
( ), Editl. strstr. feof.
FILE *F;
char S [256] - "';
AnsiString SKey = Editl->Text;
if((F = fopenCFilel.txt", "r") ) == NULL)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
do
fgets (S,256,F) ;
while(!feof (F)&& (strstr(S,SKey.c_str()) == NULL));
fclose(F);
if ( s t r s t r (S, SKey.c_str() ) == NULL)
, ,
strstr NULL ( ).
( ),
.
13.8.2.3 while
while
, . while:
while () ;
. , . true
( ), ,
, .
,
false ().
, while.
, , , .
,
false. , , .. . .
-
, , break, , , . 13.8.2.4.
while
, - .
, , ..
. , , . - , while , .
( ),
.

Filel.txt ,
Editl. do...while, while.
,
, .. .
, .
FILE * F ;
char S[256] =
A n s i S t r i n g SKey = E d i t l - > T e x t ;
i f ( ( F - f o p e n ( " F i l e l . t x t " , " r " ) } == NULL)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
while (! feof (F) && (strstr (S, SKey ,c_str () ) == NULL))

fgets (S, 256, F) ;
fclose(F);
if ( s t r s t r ( S , S K e y . c _ s t r ( ) )
==NULL)
for:
for(; Ifeof (F) && (strstr (S,SKey.c_str() ) == NULL) ; .
fgets(S,256,F));
while .
13.8.2.4 : break, Continue, return,
Abort
, - . ,
, -
- for, do while.
-
(). .
for, do while , .
break. , switch. break for, do while .
,
:
while(!feof(F))
('
fgets (S,256,F) ;
if (strstr (S, SKey.c_str {) ) ! = NULL) break;
1
goto, - , .
, ,
return. break, return , , .
, , ,
- (. . 13.10).
Abort, , - .
.
Continue, , .
Continue,
. , ,
, , "*". :
while(!feof(F))
{
fgets(S,256,F);
if(S[O] != ' * ' ) continue;
i f ( s t r s t r ( S , S K e y . c _ s t r ( ) ) != NULL)
)
break;
, "*", . ,
strstr , .
13.9
. , , ,
. ,
, ..
:iapuiice . : )

, . ,
, ,
.
heap. : malloc, calloc,
realloc, free new delete.
stdlih.h alloc.h.
malloc :
void *malloc(size_t s i z e ) ;
heap size . . size = 0, NULL.
calloc :
void *calloc(size_t nitems, size_t s i z e ) ;
nitems ,
size. nitems *
size. . .
size = 0 nitems = 0, NULL.
realloc
. :
void *realloc(void *block, size_t s i z e ) ;
heap, block, size.
, block ,
malloc, calloc realloc. block
NULL, realloc , malloc.
size , ,
block, , NULL. ,
size 0 ,
, .
, realloc NULL. , . block,
.
free :
void free(void *block);
, malloc, calloc
realloc, block.
.
malloc , , - , .
include <stdio.h>
#include <alloc.h>
char *str;
// s t r - ,
str = (char *) malloc(lOO);
//
free(str) ;

calloc:
str = (char *) callocdOO, sizeof(char));
malloc calloc , , :
str = (char *) realloc(str, 20);
, :
realloc(str, 20);
, NULL (0),
. , , , NULL.
.
:
new delete.
new malloc,
, malloc. ,
C+4-Builder.
new :
<::> new <> < ()>
<::> new <> () < ()>
.
, , . (::) new, . (
)
. .
, . :
double *A - new double;

. *. :
* = 5.1;
Labell->Caption - *;

,
:
double = *new double;
.
. :
double * = new double(5.1);
double = *new double(5.5);
TEdit:
TEdit *Edit = new TEdit (this);
l)dit->Parent = Forml;
,
this Owner.
Forml. .
new
. ,
sizeof(THn).
,
new . .
,
delete .
,
bad_alloc.
catch (. . 13.10.3), ,
. ,
, ,
:
#include <iostream.h>
try
{
new
}
catchfstd::bad_alloc)
(
bad_alloc,
, .

set
new_handler()
. set_new_handler
, .
,
void Fl(void)
(
ShowMessage("He ");
exit(1);
}
, , (, OnCreate )
set_new_handler(Fl);

new,
bad_alloc, ( ).
,
.
bad_alloc, ,
set_new_handler(0);
new NULL.
, , NULL ,
new.
. .
,
double
*A -
new d o u b l e [ 1 0 0 ] ;
100 .
, : A[ind]. new ,
, .
. ,
'
double * = new double[100] [ 100];
.
, , . :
double *M = new double[n] [ 100];
, . . delete.
,
free. delete . , new, delete.
:
<::> d e l e t e <>
<::> d e l e t e [ ] <>
d e l e t e <__> [ ] ;
:
double *A = new double (5.1);
delete ;
double *A = new double[100];

delete [] A;
delete , NULL. ,
, :
d e l e t e A;
= NULL;
13.10
13.10.1
: , , ..
.
,
. .
, . - , .
(
), Application >HandleException. ;>
. . 13.1
StrToInt 1.5 .
. 13.1

()
()
._-.._,^
C++Builder ,
, . 13.1 , C++Builder, . , . , , . . 15, . 15.8.
, , . , ,
. - , - , , , .
13.10.2 VCL Exception

C++Builder
Exception, SysUtils
TObject.
Exception :

HelpContext
int
-- |
. , ,
,
F1. 0.
Message
System::AnsiString
,
; .
Message ,
. , ,
Message string .
HelpContext - . , ,
, F1.
') ^ cuoiicTuii HelpContcxl 0.

. ,
! ion("
",
4);
Message, ft , HelpContext, 4. F1 , . throw. , -

, , .
, HelpContext , * , Help file ( ) Project Options ( )
Application ().
13.10.3 try ... catch

try ... catch. :
try
(

I
catch ( TypeToCatch )
{
catch . TypeToCatch (int, char ..),

, ,
. ,
. [1].
.
try , catch. try
catch . ,
catch - : , - (, ) .. , . catch , , .. .
. Editl Edit2, float. .
: , , , ,
float. :
1loat
11
t
'
. :i I '! ' ! -4.it ( i l l - -1!1! :;: I
M j h H | . . , 4 M i , | '
n u n
'
' I I M I M .
i.
/ ,':i I '!
: ' I
M l , '
-' I ;-: t ) ;
catch(EConvertErrori)
(
" ",_);
}
catch(EZeroDivideS)
(
" ",_);
}
catch(EOverflowi)
{
Application->MessageBox("",
" ",_);
if (StrToFloat(Editl->Text) * StrToFloat(Edit2->Text) >= 0)
A = 3.4E38;
else A = -3.4E38;
}
(, , - ), StrToFloat EConvertError. .

( EZeroDivide). , catch , : .
, , .
catch .
, EZeroDivide ( ), EOverflow
( ), EInvalidArgument (
)
EMathError.
catch, , :
catch(EMathErrorS)
(
" ", _);
, .
, . Message, , .
, catch
,
. .
, EMathError:
catch(EMathError& E)
(
AnsiString S = " : ";
if(E.Message == "EZeroDivide") S +- " ";
if(E.Message == "EOverflow") S += "";
if(E.Message == "EInvalidArgument") S += " ";
Application->MessageBox(S.cstr() , " ", _);
, Message .
, catch ,
:
catch(...)
(
ShowMessage("
)
.");
catch(...) catch,
01 , , .
, , , .
C++Builder . catch(...) ,
: The handler must be last
{ ).
~~_^._^____.__.______
catch(...). - , .
try...catch . try...catch,
try ,
try...catch. try...catch, .
,
try...catch ( ) ..
try...catch,
,
. .
, , ,
, .
catch, , , , try...catch.
, .
OnException Application . .
MyException.
:
void
fastcall MyException(TObject *Sender, Exception *E);
:
void
(
)
fastcall TForral::MyException(TObject *Sender, Exception *E)
//
MyException OnException. , , , OnCreate :

1ioation->OnException = MyException;
.
, .
MyException ,
catch . Exception. ,
Exception .
ShowException, :
Application->ShowException(E);
, ,
. 13.1. ,
. , . . ClassName. OnException , ,
:
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::MyException(TObject *Sender, Exception *E)
(
Ansistring S = " : ";
if (String (E->ClassName U ) -=- "EZeroDivide")
S += " ";
if(String(E->ClassName()) == "EOverflow")
S += "";
if(String(E->ClassName()) == "EInvalidArgument")
S += " ";
if(String(E->ClassName()) == "EConvertError")
S += " ";
t
Application->MessageBox(S.c_str()," ",_);
. 13.2 , .
, . 13.2,
. 13.1.
. 13.2
,
()
()
13.10.4 EAbort Abort

C++Builder EAbort, . , ,
. catch , TApplica-
llon::IhtndlcKxci>ption n , ,
. , ,
.
EAbort Abort.
:
if
(...)
Abort ;
: Abort
t , abort .
EAbort (,
Esc - ).
Abort ,
. ,
. ,
- , try...catch
:
catch(EAborti)
C++
14.1 ,

, C++Builder, :
Aggregate
Array
struct
union
class
Li
Function
Scalar
Arithmetic
Enumeration
Pointer
Reference
void
. : void, char, int, float double, short (), long (), signed ( )
unsigned ( ). , unsigned char, unsigned int, signed int ( signed ).
C++ :
unsigned char

-128 126
0 255
short
unsigned short
-32 768 32 767
enum
long
unsigned long
0 65 535
-2 147 483 648 2 147 483 647
char
4
4
-2 147 483 648 2 147 483 647

0 4 294 967 295
int
long
unsigned int
unsigned long
float
3.4 138 3.4 10 3 8
double
1.7 1308 1.7 10 3 0 8
long double
bool
10
3.4 - 3 2 1.1 4 9 3 2
true false
int8, intl6, ;int32,

int64,
. . 14.3.
, C++Builder,
C++, bool , .
. 0 false,
true.
- ,
- , , , , .
, , , , , .
, . , , .

(. . 13.4.1 13.5.1). :
double = 5.4, = 2;
int ;
void (double A ) ;
.
. , (. . 13.6).
:
typedef
, ^ . ,
typedef double Ar[10];
10 .
. :
= ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 1 0 ) ;
typedef , C++. C++Builder Object Pascal , C++. sysdefs.h. :

typedef
typedef
typedef
typedef
bool Boolean;
int Integer;
short Smallint;
unsigned char Byte;
Delphi (.. Object Pascal) C+ + .
Delphi
C++
Shortlnt
signed char
typedef
Smalllnt
16
short
typedcf
Longlnt
32
int
typedef
Byte
unsigned char
typedef
Word
16
unsigned short
typedef
Integer
32
int
typedef
Cardinal
32
unsigned int
typedef
Boolean
true/false
bool
typedef
ByteBool
true/false
8
unsigned char
typedef
WordBool
true/false
16
unsigned short
typedef
LongBooI
true/false
32
BOOL (WinAPI)
typedef
AnsiChar
char
typedef
WideChar
Unicode " wchar t
Char
char
typedef
AnsiString
AnsiString Delphi
AnsiString
Delphi,
n = 1..255
SmallString<n>
ShortString Delphi,
255
SmallString<255>
typedef
String
AnsiString Delphi
AnsiString
typedef
Single

32
float
typedef
Double

64
double
typedef
Extended

80
long double
typedef
Real

32
double
typedef
Pointer
32
void *
typedef
PChar
32
unsigned char *
typedef
PAnsiChar
ANSI 32
unsigned char *
typedef
Comp
64
Comp
OleVariant
variant OLE
OleVariant
String[n]
typedef
14.2
,
, C++Builder
.
: ,
mero . ,
. , , ;
, ..
,
. .
,
.
. ,
, .
.
double = 5.4,
i n t = * b;
b = 2;
10, 10.8.
* ,
, .

i n t m = 1, n - 2,"
double = m / n;
= 0. , m / n , .

i n t = 1 ;
double n = 2;
double = m / ;
= 0.5. double, ,
double double.
, :
double = 300, b = 200;
short = * b;
, , -5536, 60 000. ,
short , 32 767. 60 000, short .
, . ,
.
()
, .

i n t m = ] , n = 2;
d o u b l e = m / n;
. . ,
:
.luwLli'
(double)m / ;
,
, double. un.ii double,
, . 0.5.
, : ( . . 13.5.7, . 13), . C++Builder 4
TPoint P;
. = 5;
. = 1;
L a b e l l - > C a p t i o n = " = " + I n t T o S t r ( P . ) ;
: Ambiguity between 'fastcall Sysutils::IntToStr( int64)' and '_fastcall Sysutils::IntToStr(int)' (

IntToStr int64 int). ,
, ( )
. ,
int:
Labell->Caption
"
"
IntToStr((int).);
.
C++Builder 5
. .
14.3
.
char, short, int long
signed unsigned . .
, .
char, signed char

unsigned char
char, unsigned char
signed char
int, signed int
unsigned, unsigned int
short, short int, signed short int
unsigned short, unsigned short int
long, long int, signed long int
unsigned long, unsigned long int
, char signed
, char unsigned
signed unsigned char, shorl,

int, long. signed unsigned,
signed int unsigned int.
unsigned
signed. char. C++Builder
char signed unsigned.
,
char ch;

signed char ch;
char , :
unsigned char ch;
long short int. long short, long int

short int.
, ,
ANSI . , short, int long , .. short <= int <= long. , . ,
,
.
, C++Builder
32 , . 14.1. ,
, int long 32 .
: 0 , 1 .
, int, .
i ui,
. , .
__int8
i8
int8 = 127i8;
intl6
116
_ i n t l 6 s = 32767il6;
int32
i32
int64
unsigned
i64
int64 ui64
int32 i = 1234567832;
()
8
16
32
int64 big = 12345654324; 64

unsigned
int64 hugelnt =
1234567887654321ui64;
64
float double. 32
, 64. double long, 80 .

C++Builder 32 .
14.1. ANSI
. , ,
, sizeof (. . 13.7.9, . 13).
14.4
14.4.1
C++ . , ('\0').
.
. , , C++
. ,
.
. . 14.10.1, .
, char*.
char S[] = "";
char *Sp = "";
. 7 S '', "\ '', ', '', ""

"\0\ Sp,
, - .
1 .
, . , S[0] Sp[O]
, S[l] Sp[l] ..
. . ,
char
buff[100];
buff, 99 .
.
strcat () , strcmp ,
strcpy , strstr , strlen , strupr - .
, sprintf .
. 16, . 16.4.2. .
. buff. - ? strcpy:
strcpy(buff,", buff");
, , , , .
. , , S1 , S2. strcat:
char S l [ 2 0 ] - " 1",
s t r c a t (S1,S2);
S 2 [10]
= " 2";
, ,
. , -
.
strcat , , , , . strcat,
. .
, S
S1 S2, .
:
c h a r * S 1 = " 1 " , *S2 = " 2 " ,
strcat(strcat(strcat (S,SI),"
"),S2);
S[20];
strcat S S1,
S , , strcat ,
S, , . strcat S strcat - S2.
, , S
. S, .
strcat
s t r c p y (S,S1)
, . , ,
, ..
s t r s t r (S1,S2)
S1 S2 , , .
, .
.
S1 S2 , ,
, S3. , S1 S2 S3.
.
char
Sl[20],
S2[20],
S3[20],
S[60],
*St;
// SI, S2, S3
St = s t r s t r ( S I , S 2 ) ;
if (St)
{
*St = 0;
St += strlen(S2);
Labell->Caption = s t r c a t ( s t r c a t ( s t r c p y ( S , S i ) , S 3 ) , S t ) ;
)
else Labell->Caption = " ";
SI, S2, S3 S, , .
St. .
strstr S2 S1 St.
strstr ( false),
. , . , St, 0 . S1,
. St , strlen. St
S1 , die-
S
Label 1.
treat strepy. strcpy. S
, S1. ,
S1 . strcat
, S S3.
treat S1, . St.
, . S1
, S2 , S3 . S1 :
'', ' ' , '', ' ' , ' ', ' ' , ' ' , ' ' , ' ', ' 1 , ' ' , '' , '' , '\0'
strstr St V. , S1 :
' ' , ' ' , ' ' , ' ' ,
' , ' \ 0 ' , ' ' , ' ' , '
' , ' ' , ' .' , ' ' , ' ' , ' \ 0 '
Pt
. strcpy S S1,
:
' ' , ' ' , '
, ' ' , '
' , ' \ 0 '
strcat S S3:
' ' ,'
,'
,'
,' ','
, ' ' , '
, ' ' , ' ' , ' \ 0 '
strcat S , St,
.. S 1 , :
' , ' , ' ' ' ' , ' ', ' , " 1 , ' ' , ' 1 , ' 1 , ' ' , ' ' , ' ' , ' ' , ' ' , ' \0'
sprintf.
Editl,
, CSpinEditl TCSpinEdit,
. ..., ... .,,
: .
:
include < s t d i o . h >
c h a r S[40] ;
s p r i n t f (S, " %s,
%i
r.p.",Editl->Text,
CSpinEditl->Value);
sprintf . ( . . 16 . 16.1.2.1).
, "% ", , sprintf . Editl, %s, ,
CSpinEditl, %i, .
. . 16, . 16.4.2.
C++Builder C++ , .
. AnsiString,
,
, TStrings TStringList. . . 17.
14.4.2 AnsiString
13 C++Builder AnsiString ,
vcl/dstring.h Delphi.
. AnsiString
.
AnsiString ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=.
. ,
, , ,
, . ,
, , .
AnsiString =, += () +. []. 1. , S1 = "", S l [ l ] '', Sl[2] ' ..
AnsiString , . 17.
, AnsiString.
AnsiString C++Builder. , , Text , Caption ..
TStrings. ,
, AnsiString.
AnsiString.
() :
Labell->Caption = Editl->Text + '
' + Edit2->Text;
Labell>Caption , Editl, ,
, Edit2.
, AnsiString " + " .
strcat,
(char *), AnsiString.

S1 , S2, S3.
, , :
AnsiString SI, S2, S3;
// SI, S2, S3
i n t i = SI.Pos (S2) ;
if (i)
Labell->Caption = S I . S u b s t r i n g ( 1 , i - 1 ) + S3 +
SI.Substring(i+S2.Length(),255);
e l s e Labell->Caption = " ";
- AnsiString: Pos,
Substring, Length. ,
(.), C++Builder
(>). ,
, AnsiString .
Pos.
, ( S1),
, ( S2). , . 1. , ::<> 0.
ii(jMoim>io if...else ,
(fal.se) Pos . ,
. : S1, , S3, ,
S1, .
S1 Substring.
, ,
, , , . , Sl.SubString(l, i 1) S1,
1-1 , .. S1, S2. , Sl.SubString(i + S2.Length(), 255)
S1, S2.
Length,
( S2, ). Substring 255, , ,
. 255 , ,
S1 .

(char *), ,
AnsiString.
,
S1, ,
:
int i = SI.Pos(S2);
SI - SI . S u b S t r i n g d , i - 1 )
+ S3
+ SI.Substring(i+S2.Length(),255);
(char *) .
: S1 S2 S3. :
i n t iO =
while(i)
<
0,
Sl.Pos(S2);
SI = SI.Substring (1,i + iO - 1) + S3 +
SI.Substring (i + iO + S2-Length(), 255) ;
iO += i - 1 + S3. Length ();
i = S l . S u b S t r i n g ( i O + 1, 255) .Pos(S2) ;
}
- . . -,
, S1.
. -, S2 S1
S1, : Sl.SubString(iO + 1, 255).

, Delete Insert AnsiString.
Delete , , , , .
Insert , , , .
11.1, , :
. i n ' 1, i
w l n l e (i > iO)
S I . P o s (S2) ;
S I . D e l e t e ( i , S 2 . L e n g t h ( ) ) ; // S2
SI.Insert(S3,i);
'
// S3
iO = i + S 3 . L e n g t h ! ) ;
i = iO - 1 + S I . S u b s t r i n g ( i O , 2 5 5 ) . P o s ( S 2 ) ;
}
,
AnsiString. . 17. , AnsiString (char *). ,
AnsiString (char *), ,
(char *). API Windows
C++Builder, . ,
Application>MessageBox, ( )
(char *). PlaySound .
AnsiString (char *) c_str() , , AnsiString, . ,
S1 S2 AnsiString,
Application>MessageBox ,
Application>MessageBox :
Application->MessageBox (Si . c__str () , S2 . c _ s t r () , MB_OK) ;
(char *) AnsiString.

AnsiString(char *S)
AnsiString, ,
S, .
14.5
,
.
, . ,
C++Builder , ,
, .
, . , , Mode,
:
, , . , ,
Mode int
: 0 , 1 , 2
.
if
(Mode
= = 1 )
...
, Mode, 1,
. : Mode mRead, mEdit, mWrite.
:
if
(Mod.- -- mfcdit)
. . .
, , .
~-.
, -
. .
.
:
enum (< 1>, . . . , < >}< >;
enum {mRead,
mEdit,
mWrite} Mode;
mRead, mEdit, mWrite Mode, . , ' mRead. . :

Mode = mEdit;
, . , , : >, < .. , :
i f ( M o d e > mRead)
i f ( M o d e < mWrite)
i f ( M o d e == m E d i t )
...;
Mode switch:
switch (Mode)
case mRead:
...
break;
case mEdit:
...
break;
case mWrite: . . .
, enum, , 0, 1 .. >, <

. , (=) , , . :
enum {mRead = - 1 , mEdit, mWrite = 2} Mode;
- , 1
. mRead - 1 ,
mEdit 0, mWrite .
enum .
:
enum regim {mRead = - 1 , mEdit, mWrite = 2} Mode, Model;
Mode Model ,
regim. regim - , :
teqim Mode3;
14.6
, , ,
. , .
C++Builder , vcl/sysdefs.h.
:
Set <type, minval, maxval> , type .
int, char . minval maxval unsigned
char .
0, 255.
.
si
:
Set
'A1,
<char,
'Z'>
si;
Ch, :
Set <char,
0,
255> Ch;
UPPERCASESet s2 s3 :
typedef Set <char,
'A','Z'>
UPPERCASESet s i , s 2 ;
UPPERCASESet;
S, : red, yellow, green:

enum E ( white, red, yellow, green );
Set <E, red, green> S;
Set -
. .
( ):

Set
fastcall operator
-(const Set& rhs) const; :
rhs ( )
Set&
,
fastcall operator
-=(const Set& rhs);
; rhs ( )
Set&
fastcall operator
,
*=(const Set& rhs);
: rhs
( and )
Set
fastcall operator
*(const Set& rhs) const; : rhs ( and
)
Set
Set&
fastcall operator
,
+(const Set& rhs) const;
: rhs
( or )
fastcall operator
+=( const Set& rhs); : rhs ( or
)
Set&
fastcall operator
( c o n s t T el);
friend ostream& operator
( ostream& os, const Set& arg);
el
Set&
el
arg istream ( 0 1
)
Set&
fastcall operator
=(const Set& rhs);
rhs
fastcall operator
( c o n s t T el);
friend istream& operator
(istream& is, Set& arg);
arg ostream ( 0
1
)
bool __fastcall operator

==(const Set& rhs) const; : rhs ( )
bool
fastcall operator
!=(const Set& rhs) const ; : rhs
,
, (type, minval
maxval) . , ( +, *),
, , ,
. true , . false.
Set :
Clear
Set&
Contains
bool
fastcall Clear();
fastcall Contains(const T el)

const; el
..
* , Yes/No. HO:I
, ,
, , Y, N.
:
Set <char,
0,
''
255> T r u e K e y ;
'
'n'
'N';
, Key MHO
, Contains:
if
('TrueKey.Contains(Key))
ShowMessge(" " ) ;
else . . .
. ,
Editl , .. 0 9.
, OnKeyPress :
1
Set <char, ' , ''> Dig;

D i g < < ' 0 ' ' 1 ' ' 2 ' < < ' 3 ' '' ' 5 '
' 6 ' << ' 7 ' ' 8 ' < < ' 9 ' ;
if
(!Dig.Contains(Key))
( K e y = 0; B e e p ( ) ; }
, ,
( ) .
. 5, . 5.3.2.2.
14.7
, , .
, .
.
, ,
. :
type *ptr;
type ,
ptr . : ptr type.
,
i n t *countPtr, count;
countPtr int * (.. ) count . * countPtr.
, ,
(*). , count
, :
int *countPtr,
*count;
* .
void:
void *Pv;
. , , -
. :
Pv = countPtr;

, Ptr , , , , , .
C++Builder . , , .. . , :
TForml *Forml;
TButton *Buttonl;
,
. , NULL . 0
NULL . NULL , , .
:
int *countPtr = NULL;

~~--;---^^
NULL . .
&, . ,

int = 5;
int *yPtr, ;

y P t r = &;
yPtr.
, , *, . ,
(.. ). , ,

= VyPtr
5, .. , yPtr.
------------~.__=___-_
void, , .
C++
. . ,
.
,
. :
int
S I
I 1 . 7. . . '] 1 .
*l't;
[5] Pt.
,
Pt b
Pt = b;
Pt = Sb[0] ;
[3] *(Pt + 3).

, . , Pt[3] [3].
, ,
.
.
,
. ,
, .

. (++), (), (+ +=), ( =) .
.
1 ,
, .
. ,
Pt ,

Pt += 2;
Pt . Pt
, , 2.
, b 2 , Pt (.. , Pt) 4.
.
. , Pt
, P t l ,
P t l Pt 2 ,
. , , ,
, 4 ( 2 ).
,
. ,
, . >, <, >=, <=
. == !=
. ,
.
,
.
,
. void (.. void*), , . void
. void
iipiiciiocii ' void

.
.
.
.
, :
char *Sa[2] = (" ", ""};
2 (char *). . C++ , ,

. , . , .
. , .
. . . 13.5.2, . 13.
. 1.9.6 . 1
.
14.8
, . , (&) ,
. -
MyObject:
MyObject *P = new MyObject;
:
MyObject s Ref = *;
Ref
MyObject. . , .
. ,
,
>, .. .
Ref.x, .. .
. , Label 1, Caption
Labell->Caption = " ";
:
TLabel & ref = * L a b e l l ;
r e f . C a p t i o n = " ";

. . 13, . 13.5.2.
14.9
C++Builder ( ) :

C++
.
14.9.1 /

LoadFromFile SaveToFile, TStrings TStringList.
,
.
, , . :
TStringList, ,
AnsiString, . :
TStringList *List = new TStringList;
AnsiString SFile = "Test.txt";
He , ,
(. . 13.3.1, . 13). ,
c:\MyTest\Test.txt, c:\\MyTest\\Test.txt.
, ,
List->LoadFromFile(SFile) ;
, , ,
. ,
. :
try{
List->LoadFromFile(SFile);
}
catch(...)(
ShowMessage(" \ " " + S F i l e + " \ " ");
)
List, . Strings[int Index],

AnsiString. .
List >Strings[O] , List>Strings[l] ..
TStringList ,
. 17.
, AnsiString (. . 14.4.2 . 17).
,

List->SaveToFile(SFile);
SFile .
.. Windows, . 3.10.2, . 3,
.
, ,
- ,
TStringList. TRichEdit.
,
RTF. Lines
TStrings, LoadFromFile SaveToFile. :
Memol->Lines->LoadFromFile(SFile) ;
RichEditl->Lines->LoadFromFile(SFile) ;
Memo RichEdit . 3, .
3.2.4.
C++Builder , . . 6.
14.9.2 /
14.9.2.1
C++ (stream),
. , .
.
, , ,
() FILE, stdio.h.
fopen,
FILE.
.
fopen:
ffinclude <stdio.h>
FILE *fopen(const char *filename,
const char mode);
fopen ,
filename, . mode ,
. :
+
w
W+
" + " t , , . , rt, rb, r+t, r+b .. t, ,

fmode,
fcntl.h. _ ( ) O_BINARY . . 10, . 16.5.2.
fopen , .. "!
, , .
. . 16 . 16.5.2
.1 , .
fopen , .
, fopen .
, ( ) ,
fclose(FILE *), .
14.9.2.2
Test.txt :
#include < s t d i o . h >
FILE *F;
if ((F = f o p e n ( " T e s t . t x t " , " r t " ) } == NULL)
f
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
...
//
fclose(F);
//
F
Test.txt, .
(, ), .
. fclose(F).

fopenCTest.txt", "rt + ")
,
.
.
fgets:
char *fgets(char *s, int n, FILE *stream);
s , ,
. \ ( ), - 1
. .
, Memol :
char s[80];
Memol->Clear () ;
do
(
fgets(s,80,F);
if(feof(F)) break;
if (s[strlen (s)-1] = '\n') s [strlen (s)-1] = 0;
Memol->Lines->Add(s);
}
while(true);
fclose(F);
//
fgets . feof , . feof

. ,
if(sIstrlen(s)-1]
==
'\n')
s [strlen (s)-l]
- 0;
,
. , \ Memol. .

fscanf.
int
fscanf(FILE
*stream,
const
char
*format[,
address,
...]);
format ,
. . 16, .
16.1.2.2. , "%",
. ( . . 16.1.2.2, . 16):

int *arg
long *arg
int *arg
long *arg
unsigned int *arg
unsigned long *arg
e, E
float *arg
char arg[]
char *arg
. , 1 long int, double.

, , , , , .
:
int il, i2;
double r;
fscanf(F, "%d%d%le", sil, si2, &r);
, ,
fscanf , , .
(&) , .
- - . , , , fscanf.
.
:
if (fscanf(F, "%d%d%le", sil, 2, &r) !- 3)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
s ,
,
. , , , ,
, Editl
, , ,
, :
char s [80], key[10];
strcpy(key,Editl->Text.c_str());
do
{
//
f s c a n f ( F , "%s", &s);
i f ( f e o f ( F ) | | !strcmp(s,key))
break;
)
while(true);
fclose(F);
if (!stremp(s,key))
ShowMessage(" ");
s key,
strcpy . fscanf s . stremp . 0, s key . ,
.
.
. fprintf:
int fprintf(FILE 'stream, const char *format[, argument, . . . ] ) ;
fscanf, . , "%".
. ,
, "%", . fprintf
. 16, . 16.5.4. .
s (char *), ,
year, .
, , ..., ... ...
. :
FILE * F ;
if ((F = f o p e n ( " T e s t . t x t " , " w t " ) ) =- NULL)
<
ShowMessage(" " ) ;
return;
}
char S[40] ;
int year = 1960;
strcpy(s,"" ) ;
fprintf(F, "\ %s, %i r.p.\n", SS, year);
I.I,,:;,. ([') ;
. fopen . , . , . fprintf
TtKCT. ,
\; , %s, S, %i, year,
. :
[
, 1960 . .
. . 16,
. 16.5.4.
14.9.2.3
, - , .. , . ,
. .

- . , ,
: . ,
, ,
.
, . ,
- , , , .
, , . 14.9.2.1.
fwrite fread:
#include <stdio.h>
size__t fwrite (const void *ptr, size_t size, size t n, FILE *stream);
size__t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size t n, FILE "stream);
ptr .
size , .
.
i n t i = 1, j - 2 5 , i l , j l ;
double a = 2 5e6, a l ;
char s [ 1 0 ] , s i [ 1 0 ] ;
strcpy(s,"");
FILE * F ;
//
if ( (F - fopen ("Test.dat", "wb")) NULL)
{
lihowMi':; :;.jqe (" ");
* -1 u i 11;
! wi i L(- ((,i, sizeof (int) , 1, F) ;

twrite(Sj,sizeof(int),1,F);
fwrite(sa,sizeof(double),1,F);
fwrite(s,sizeof(char),strlen(s)+1,F);
fclose (F);
//
if ( (F = f o p e n C T e s t . d a t " ,
{
"rb"))
//
//
//
/ /
i
j
== NULL)
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
fread(Sil,sizeof(int),1,F);
/ / i
fread(&j1,sizeof(int),1,F);
/ / j
fread(Sal,sizeof(double),1,F);
/ /
fread(si,sizeof(char),strlen(s)+1,F);
/ / s
fclose (F);
Test.dat
i j, s. ,
il, jl, al si.
, , .
.

fwrite(s,sizeof(char),strlen(s)+1,F);
//

strlen(s)+l ( ).
:
fread(si,sizeof(char),strlen(s)+1,F);
//
strlen(s)+l .
.
, , . , , , ?
.
:
f w r i t e ( s , s i z e o f ( s ) , 1 , F) ;:
fread(sl,sizeof(s),l,F);
, :
s, .

fwrite (s, sizeof (char) * 10, 1, F) ;:
fread(sl,sizeof(char)*10,1,F);
, . ,
,
.
- , ,
. :
/ /
fwrite(s,sizeof (char),strlen
(s)+l,F);
/ /
f o r f i n t i n d = 0;
i n d < 10;
ind++)
I i i-.id ( ; U i i r i c i , aizeot ( c h a r ) , 1, fc") ;

if ( u l [ i n d ]
=-- ' \ 0 ' ) b r e a k ;
t
for . ,
sl+ind. sl[ind], fread
, , .
fread fgetc, :
si l i n d ]
= f g e t c (F) ;
, ,
. , . :
//
i n t it = s t r l e n (s)+1;
f w r i t e ( S i t , s i z e o f ( i n t ) , 1 , F );
f w r i t e ( s , s i z e o f (char) , i t , F ) ;
//
f read (Sit, sizeof (int) , 1, F) ;:
f r e a d ( s i , sizeof(char) , i t , F) ;
>
. ,
, . () , . .
ftell, :
long int
ftell(FILE stream];
fseek:
int
fseek(FILE *stream,
long offset,
int whence);
offset , whence. whence :
whence
SEEK SET
SEEK CUR
SEEK_END
whence = 1, offset (
) ( ).
rewind ( 0). ,
fseek(F, 0L, 0) ;
, . , double, , i-oe
,
fseek(F,
sizeof(double)*(i-1),
1 road(so, sizeof(double),1,F) ;
0);
.
, , , , ,
10. ,
(, rb+), , ,
:
fread(Sa,sizeof(double),1,F) ;
*= 10;
fseek(F,-sizeof(double),1);
fwrite(Sa,sizeof(double),l,F);
,
10. ,
fread .
, , .
:
long i n t pos = f t e l l ( F ) ;
fread(Sa, sizeof (double) , 1, F) ;
a = 10;
fseek(F,pos,0);
fwrite(Sa, s i z e o f ( d o u b l e ) , 1 , F ) ;
//
//
ftell , , fseek .

, , , . , spers, pers persl, pers , . , ,
persl.
struct spers
{
char Name[20];
int year;
);
struct spers pers, persl;
strcpy(pers.Name,"");
pers.year = 1960;
FILE *F;
if ( (F = fopen{"Test2.dat", "wb")) == NULL)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
fwrite (Spers, sizeof (spers) ,1,F) ;
fclose(F);
if ( (F = fopenCTest2.dat", "rb")) == NULL)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
)
fread(Spersl,sizeof(spers),1,F);
fclose (F);
14.9.2.4 /,
,
FILE, . , , .
Htdin
Htdout
stderr
0
1
2
.
, , io.h. stdio.h, fcntl.h, sys\types.h
sys\stst.h.
open, :
((include <fcntl.h>
(tinclude<io.h>
int open(const char *path,
int access,
unsigned mode);
path . access . mode

.
access (|) . ( . . 16, . 16.5.1):
RDONLY
O_WRONLY
O_RDWR
O_CREAT

, 0

O_TRUNC
O_BINARY
OJTEXT
mode :
S_IWRITE

S_IREAD

S_IREAD | S_IWRITE
,
int handle;
if ((handle = open("Test.txt", O_CREAT | OJTEXT)) == -1)
(
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
, ( open - 1) .
_creat, ,
.
close:
inl close(int handle);
, handle, write read:

((include < i o . h >
i n t w r i t e ( i n t h a n d l e , v o i d *buf, u n s i g n e d l e n ) ;
i n t r e a d ( i n t h a n d l e , v o i d *buf, u n s i g n e d l e n ) ;
buf ,
len .
, , , . 14.9.2.3, i j,
s:
#include <stdio.h>
#include < s t d l i b . h >
#include <fcntl.h>
#include < s y s \ s t a t . h >
include <io.h>
include < s t r i n g . h >
i n t i = 1, j = 25, i l ,
double a = 25e6, a l ;
char s [ 1 0 ] ,
sl[10];
strcpy(s,"");
jl;
int handle;
//
if ((handle = open ("Test.txt", O_WRONLY | O^CREAT | O^BINARY)) == -1)
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
write(handle,
write(handle,
write(handle,
write(handle,
close(handle)
Si,
Sj/
sizeof (int) ) ;
sizeof(int));
sa, sizeof(double));
s, strlen(s)+1);
//
//
//
//
i
j

//
if ((handle = open("Test.txt", O_RDONLY I O_BINARY)) == -1)
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
read(handle, S i l , sizeof( i n t ) ) ;
r e a d ( h a n d l e , S j 1,. s i z e o f ( i n t ) ) ;
read(handle, Sal, sizeof(double));
read(handle, s i , strlen (s)+1);
/ /
/ /
//
/ /
i
j
close(handle);
, . 14.9.2.3,
, . , , . 14.9.2.3, .
, , tell lseek, . 14.9.2.3 ftell
fseek, .
dup dup2, , , ,
. . 16, . 16.5.3.
14.9.3 / C++
14.9.3.1
C++ /:
ifstream
ofstream
fstream
, , ,
( )
( ) .
, , . ,
ofstream out file("Test.dat");
if (!outf i'le)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
outfile, Test.dat, , , .
- , outfile
if .
, :
ifstream i n f i l e ( " T e s t . d a t " ) ;
if ( l i n f i l e )
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;

( ) ( ) , . 13, .
13.7.14. , ,
. ,
, :
i n t i = 1, j = 2 5 , i l , j l ;
double a = 25e6, a l ;
char s [ 4 0 ] , s i [ 4 0 ] ;
strcpy(s,"");
//
ofstream o u t f i l e C T e s t . d a t " ) ;
if(!outfile)
(
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
)
outlile << i << ' ' << j << ' ' << a << ' ' << s << endl;
// :<
n u t I i l c . I'lo.'ii- ( ) ;
//
Hstream infileCTest.dat");
if(!infile)
{
ShowMessage (" ").;
return;
]
infile il >> jl >> al si;
//
infile.close () ;
Test.dat
i j, s, ,
endl (. . 13.7.14, . 13)
. , , .
, ,
.
, , 1 25 2.5+07 . ,
,
.
. 13,
. 13.7.14. ,
,
. 14.9.3.2.
: put write.
put . ,
outfile.put(' 1 );
. put . ,
outfile.put('').put('\n');
.
write ,
, , . ,
outfile.write(s,5);
outfile 5 s.
, .
, , ,
.
read - . gcount
, .
.
( ) , . ,
. , ,
. ,
s - . ,
.
ifstream : get get line. get : get(), get(char) get(char *, int n, char delim).
get
(, )
. get EOF, .
get , :
char s[80], ;
ifstream infilefTest.dat");
if(linfile)
(
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
)
int i = 0;
while( ( = inf ile.get () ) != EOF)
<
lf(c == '\n')
{
//
s[i] = 0;
//
i = 0;
}
//
else s[i++] = ;
}
//
infile.close () ;
.
/, s. /, - , . , :
, .
, .
get() -
. , " $ " :
while (( = inf ile. get () ) != EOF)
if( == $') break;
if (
--'$)
...
- get (, )
. get , ; get , - get.
get
,
while:
while(infile.get())
- get :
s, delim (
' \ ' )
, , 1 -
, . , ,
. ,
( ).
, get
, .

:
char s[80] ;
ifstream infile("Test.dat") ;
if(linfile)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
}
while(!infile.eof() )
(
'infile.get(s,80);
infile.get();
//
}
//
infile.close();
get . \ get
(, 80 ). ,

infile.get(s,80) ;

inf ile .get () ;
. ,
.
get , ,
. getline. get . get getline (.. );
.
getline :
while(!infile.eof())
{
infile.getline (s,80);
//
14.9.3.2
. 14.9.3.1 . 13, . 13.7.14 endl, .
, .
, ,
M m o l , OnClick :
include <fstream.h>
include <iomanip.h>
char s [ 4 0 ] ;
//
Ofstream outfile("Test.dat");
if (!outfile)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
)
// ,
//
OUtfile.close();
ifstream infile ("Test.dat");
if(linfile)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
)
Memol->Clear () ;
while(linfile.eof())
(
infile.getline(s,80);
Memol->Lines->Add(s);
)
//
inf ile . close () ;
dec, oct, hex setbase , , , .

. ,
. setbase . . <iomanip.h>.
.
i n t i = 31;
outfile << i << ' hex << i << ' ' oct << i << ' '
<< setbase (10) << i << endl;
31 If 37 31. 31 , ,
.
, .. , setprecision precision.
, .
,
:
for ( i n t i = 0; i < 10; i++)

o u t f i l e s e t p r e c i s i o n (i) << s q r t p . O ) << endl;
setprecision 0 9 it
3.
0 , 6. :
1.73205
2
1.7
1.73
1.732
1.7321
1.73205
1.732051
1.7320508
1.73205081
, precision:
f o r d n t i = 0; i < 10; i++)
(
outfile.precision(i);
outfile << sqrtp.O) << endl;
}
precision , ,
int i = outfile.precision();
.
setw width (..
, , , ) . , ,
. , .. .
, , .
; 0, .. , . width, , .
setfill(char)
fill.
,
25:
int j = 25;
for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
outfile setw(i) << j endl;
:
25
25
25
25
25
, , , .
, width:
fordnt i = 0,- i < 5; i++)
(
outfile.width(i);
outfile << j endl;
)
setfill, . ,
for(int i = 0; i < 5;.i++)
outfile ' setfill('*') setw(i) j << endl;
:
25
25
25
*25
**25
( ) .
. ,
, , ,
tab, \t.
// tab
ostreams tab (ostreams output)
return output
'\t';
, . ,
outfile '' << tab '' tab ' << endl;
, , :

14.9.3.3
ios / .
ios::skipws
ios::left
ios::right
ios:: internal

,
, ios:: dec
dec
ios::oct
, oct
ios::hex
, hex
ios::showbase
ios::showpoint
ios::uppercase
ios::showpos
" + "
ios::scientific
ios::fived
flags, setf unsetf, setw, setiosflags resetiosflags.

flags . , , (|)
long, . flags long, .
, flags
.
setf setiosflags , ,
|,
. ,
setiosflags(ios::showpos I ios::showpoint)
ios::showpos ios::showpoint.
resetiosflags unsetf , ,
. , #include <iomanip.h>.
.
, showpoint:
outfile 1. " " << 1.1 "
" <<
setiosflags(ios::showpoint) << 1. << "
" << 1.1 << endl;
:
1
1.1
1.00000
1.10000
, right, left internal:

outfile << setw(6) << -1.1 << endl
<< setw(6) << resetiosflags(ios::right)
<< setiosflags(ios::left) << -1.1 << endl
<< setw(6)/<< resetiosflags(ios::left)
<< setiosflags(ios::internal) << -1.1 << endl;
:
-l.l
-l.l
-l.l
, resetiosflags
, right,
left internal .
, showbase:
o u t f i l e << 63 << oct << " " << 63 << hex << " " << 63
<< s e t i o s f l a g s (ios::showbase) << dec << endl
63 << oct " " << 63 hex << " " << 63 << endl;
:
63 77 3f
63 077 0x3f
, setiosflags, dec, oct, hex.
, scientific fixed:
outfile << " :" << endl
0.0123 ' ' 1.236 endl << endl
<<' " scientific:" << setiosflags (ios :: scientific)
endl
0.0123 ' ' 1.23e6 endl << endl
" fixed:" << resetiosflags(ios::scientific)
setiosflags (ios::fixed) endl
0.0123 ' ' << 1.23e6 endl;
:
:
0.0123 1.23+06
scientific:
1.230000-02 1.230000+06
fixed:
0.012300 123Q000.000000
,
, , .
, showpos showpoint:
o u t f i l e << s e t p r e c i s i o n (4) << setw(3) << 60. << endl
<< s e t i o s f l a g s ( i o s : : s h o w p o s | i o s : : s h o w p o i n t ) << 60.
endl;
:
60
+60.00
setiosflags .
14.10
14.10.1
, , - . , , (
), .
, .. 1.
:
[_]
,
int A[10];
, 10 .*
A[i], i ,
, , 0-9. , [0] , [1] , [9] .
, 1 .
, 0.
.
[0] = 1;
[1] = 1;
f o r ( i n t i = 2; i < 10; i++) A[i] - A [ i - 2 ] + A [ i - l ] ;
, 2
1, .
. ,
c h a r S[10] ;
. (. .
14.4.1) , . , . , ,
1, .
.
, .
:
i n t [10] - ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 1 0 ) ;
char S[10] - ("abcdefghiNO");
, , . ,
i n t [10]
= (1,2,3);
, 0.
i n t [] - {0};
------
, . , - .
.
, , , .
S . . ,
:
char S[10] = ("abcdefghi");
char SI[10] = {"abc"};
10 , .
. . ,
i n t [] = {1,
2,
3,
4,
5};
.
char SI[] = ("abc"};
. , ,
:
i n t [10];
//
//
i n t Sum - [ 0 ] ;
f o r ( i n t i - 1; i < 1 0 ; i + + ) Sum += A [ i ] ;
'.
, 10 ,
, , 100,
, , ( for).
. , .
:
const Amax = 10;
int A[Amax];
//
//
int Sum = [];
for(int
i -
1;
i < Amax;
i++)
Sum += A [ i ] ;
Amax
, . ,
Amax. .
Amax ,
- .
, #define (. . 13, . 13.2.2).
fdefine Amax 10
~_---__-_.

.
.
, .
. :
const AnsiString Day[] = ("", "", "",
"", "", "",
"");
14.10.2
, .. ,
. , :
i n t A2 [10] [ 3 ] ;
,
, 10 3 .

, . ,
2[3][2] ,
(, 0).
, .
A3 4 3 2.
i n t A 3 [ 4 ] [ 3 ] [2]
{({0,1), (2,3), (4,5)),

({6,7}, ( 8 , 9 ) , {10,11}},
{{12,13},{14,15},{16,17}},
{{18,19},{20,21},{22,23}}};
i A3,
0
12
13
18
19
14
15
20
21
10
11
17
22
23
16
, [0][1][0] 2, [3][0][1] 19 ..
- ,
.
14.10.3 ,

.
. 14.7.
,
.
sizeof,
, , . ,
sizeof(A)
s i z e o f (A[0] )
.
/ ARRAYSIZE.
ARRAYSIZE()
. , F , :
void ' F l i n t
Ar[]);
:
c o n s t Amax = 1 0 ;
i n t AfAmax];
F(A);
, . , ,
[2]. C++ (. . 13, . 13.5.2).
', , , .
, . ,
.
, .
:
/
void F ( i n t A r [ ] ,
i n t N);
:
F(A, Amax) ;

, , .
:
F(A, Amax - 1) ;
, Object Pascal,
TIX . , sysdefs.h EXISTINGARRAY, .
:
F (EXISTINGARRAY (A) ) ;
EXISTINGARRAY .

sizeof.
Object Pascal, C++Builder, ,
. sysdefs.h
OPEN ARRAY, . :
OPENARRAY(TVarRec,
(_1,
_2,
...))
19.

.
, :
void F(const
int Ar[],
i n t N) ;
, , , . :
''WJjftt Sum ( c o n s t i n t A [ ] ,
i n t N)
&}
// N -
int S = A[0];
f o r ( i n t i = 1; i < N; i++) S +- A [ i ] ;
r e t u r n S;
.
^ d e f i n e Bmax 10
i n t [10] = { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , . 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 1 0 } ;
ShowMessage(" " + I n t T o S t r ( S u m ( , B m a x ) ) ) ;
.
- . ,
, .
Bmax, a Bmax 2,
0 7.
- . , :
Sum( + 2, - 2)
, . , 0 7,
, 2 9. .. , .
, , . , F2 3 3, :
void
Ffconst
int
Ar[][3]);
.
, F(A).
14.11
14.11.1
, .
. , ,
, .
. , .
:
struct TPers
AnsiString
unsigned
bool
AnsiString
);
{
Fam,Nam,Par;
Year;
Sex;
Dep;
struct .
TPers (, -) .
.
TPers. ,
. , . .
TPers . ,
.
: Fam, Nam, Par Dep , , , , . Year , Sex . ,
. , TPers
TPers.
TPers. , , , -
.
(. . 14.11.2).

; ,
. , .
TPers Pers, PersArray[10], *Ppers;
Pers TPers, PersArray 10
TPers Ppers TPers.

.
:
struct (
AnsiString Fam,Nam,Par;
1
unsigned Year;
bool
Sex;
AnsiString Dep;
}Pers, PersArray[10], *Ppers;
: (.) (->).
. :
Pers.Fam = "";
Pers.Nam = "";
Pers.Par = "";
Pers.Year = 1960;
Pers. Sex = true;
Pers.Dep = "";

. ,
Ppers = SPers;
Ppers Pers.
:
Ppers->Fam = "";
Ppers->Nam = "";
Ppers->Par "";
, , . Ppers->Year = 1960;
,' Ppers->Sex = true;
.'V Ppers->Dep = "";
14.11.2
. (. . 13, . 13.9) , , . , , . . .
NULL,
.
. 14.1

NULL
, . 14.11.1, , :
struct TPers (
unsigned
Year;
bool
Sex;
AnsiString Dep;
TPers * pr;
);
.
, :
TPers *P0 = NULL, *Pnew, *Pold;

. . , :
//
Pnew - new TPers;
//
Pnew->Fam = "";
Pnew->Nam = "";
Pnew->Par = "";
Pnew->Year = I960;
Pnew->Sex = t r u e ;
Pnew->Dep "";
Pnew->pr = NULL;
if(PO == NULL) PO = Pnew; // PO -

else Pold->pr = Pnew;
//
Pold = Pnew;
( = NULL), (Pnew).
(Pold).
.
NULL. , .
, . :
Pnew = ;
while(Pnew != NULL)
{
ShowMessage(Pnew->Fam + " " + Pnew->Nam + " " + Pnew->Par);
Pnew = Pnew->p_r;
//
, ..
. .
, . C++Builder -
TList TStringList,
. , . 17.
14.11.3 C++
, , ,
C++, C++ (. . 14.12).
, - -. TPers.'
- Show, , :
struct TPers {
Year;
unsigned
Sex;
bool
AnsiString Dep;
TPers * pr;
void Show()
{
ShowMessage(" \ " " + D e p + " \ " "+Fam+" "+Nam+" " +

Par+", "+IntToStr(Year)+" . . , *+
(Sex ? "" : ""));
Show : "" , 1960 .., .

- . :
Pers.Show();
Pnew->Show();
Show . 14.11.2 :
Pnew = 0;
while(Pnew != NULL)
'(
Pnew->Show();
Pnew = Pnew->pr;
)
C++ - - , .
public () private ().
- . ,
.
- -,
, (), - .

. , , . .
public .
- , private,
,
. , private
public, . ,

struct MyStr (
int x, ;
int Get ;
private:
int a, b;
void F() ;
);
Get
, b F
Get.
, C++ . . 14.12, .
14.12
14.12.1
, . , C++Builder
, C++Builder C++. ,
(. . 14.11) C++ .
, ,
.
, . .. .
:
class < > : < - ^
( ,
public:
//
<, , , >
published
//
<, >
protected:
//
<, , , >
private:
//
<, , , >
) < >;
:
class MyClass : public Classl, Class2
{
public:
MyClass(int = 0 ) ;
void SetA(int);
int GetA(void) ;
private:
int FA;
double , ;
protected:
int F(int) ;
. , C++Builder, .
( -),
( -), ,
, - .
-,
.
lass 1 Class2.
- C++Builder
, , .
, - . :
class MyClassl
, {
,
. public () ,
. .
published () ,
,
, .
private () ,
. protected () , . , . , ,
, , .

MyClass, SetA GetA. FA, ,
. , . MyClass , , ,
. . - .
- ( public).
, : public ( )
-, private . . 14.12.5.
( )
private. , . , , . ,
-, .
- () , :
> < >;
. , . 14.12.4.
- (. . 13, . 13.5.1).
, , .
C+4-Builder,
. ,
MyClass , 1 0 [ 1 0 ] ,
*;
MyClass, 10
.
, , , .
,
MyClass MC(3);
, FA 3.
, , .
, , ,' . :
class MyClass : public Classl, Class2
(
) , 10[10], *Pmc;
(. . 13, . 13.9),
new. :
MyClass *PMC = new MyClass;
MyClass *PMCl - new MyClass(3);
-
1.
, C++Builder. ,
new. , :
class MyClass2 : public TObject

MyClass2 *P2 = new MyClass2;
14.12.2 -, ,

, (. . 1 . 1.1),
. ,
, , .
.
private
. protected
, .

, - , . .
, - , .
. :
Class Myclass
{
' public:
void SetA(int);
int GetA(void);
private:
int FA;
double , ;
);
//
//
:
void MyClass::SetA(int Value)
(
if(...)
//
FA = Value;
int MyClass::GetA(void) (return FA;)

,
- . , -
(::).
, . . :
class MyClass
(
public:
MyClass(int = 0);
void SetAlint Value) (FA= Value;);
//
int GetA(void) (return FA;};
//
private:
int FA;
double , ;
};
, , inline (. . 13,
. 13.5.6, ).
: , , .
,
inline:
inline void SetA(int);
//
. inline
.

, - . .
- . , , - - .
- - -, , .
(- , ) - -. , . , friend. ,
friend void
IncFA(MyClass
*);
IncFA, , . , IncFA - :
void IncFA(MyClass *P) (P->FA+ + ;)
, . ,
friend Classl;
- Classl .
const. :
const Classl MCI(3);
, , , ,
. ,
const.
, .
, .
, .
,
const. ,
int GetA(void) const;
:
int MyClass::GetA(void) const (return FA;}

, , - , ,
const,
14.12.3 -, ,
:

' .' -.
( - .
|
|^ . , .
jC . , , ,
|.
.
,
. static. :
static int D;

, , -.
.
^ , (protected). . :
MyClass::D = 10;
- .
, . , : . -,
.
( , )
.
- , , - ( )
i n t MyClass::D - 0;

-
. ,

. ,
.
,
-:
class MyClass
{
public:
static int D;
static int GetDl(void);
private:
static int Dl;
int
MyClass::GetDl(void)
( r e t u r n Dl;}
i n t MyClass::D = 0;
i n t MyClass::D1 = 1;
: D D1. D1,
, GetDl.
(public) ( static). , .
GetDl.
static. , . ,
.
. :
i = MyClass::D;
j = MyClass::GetDl();
- . :
static const ,int MaxA = 10;
const int MinA;

, .
,
. . 14.12.4.
14.12.4
. ,
. , >
( , ) !,
, ..
. , , ;*
,
. -
.
-, .
, .
:
Class MyClass
[
public:
HjfClass ( v o i d ) ;
//
int A;
MyClass::MyClass(void)
(A = 0 ; )
MyClass ,
0.
TOt .
,.., jpytT . . Mtp, SetA, ,
. :
MyClass::MyClass(void)
{ SetA(O); }
MyClass :
MyClass ;
I :
MyClass *PMC = new MyClass;
1 , .
,
.
- .
, , . ,
MyClass ( i n t ) ;
:
M y C l a s s : : M y C l a s s ( i n t a)
SetA(a);
FA , .
MyClass (1) ;
M y C l a s s *PMC = new M y C l a s s ( 1 ) ;
t , F 1.
,

.
(. .
13, . 13.5.4). :
MyClass(int = 0);
:
MyClass::MyClass(int a) ( SetA(a); }

. ,
. ,
( 0). .
.
~~~~~~~"~~_..
, .
,
. :
const int MaxA;
, , FA.
(. . 14.12.3),
:
static const int MaxA = 10;
. , . . , ,
. ,
MyClass
const int MaxA;
const i n t MinA;
,

MyClass(int = 0);
:
MyClass: :MyClass (int a) : ( ) , MinA(l) {SetA(a);};
10,
MinA 1.

. :
MyClass(int A = 0, int MaxA = 10, int MinA = 1);
MyClass(int
0,
int
=10,
int
1);
( , ,
).
:
MyClass::MyClass(int a, int i, int j) : MaxA(i), MinA(j)
( SetA(a) ; }
, , :
M y C l a s s ;
MyClass MC(20);
// : = ,
MyClass M C ( 2 0 , 1 5 ) ;
MyClass MC(20,15,2);
// :
// :
// :
= 10, MinA = 1
= 20, = 10, MinA = 1
= 20, = 15, MinA = 1

= 20, = 15, MinA = 2
. -,

.
, (-). ,
. :
class MyClass
{
public:
-MyClass ( ) ;
//
, - -
, - .
.
.
, .
14.12.5 , ,

, - , - -, , .
( ). .
public,
protected private (. . 14.12.1). .
public , .
.

.
. , .

.

- public
protected
-
public
public - protected - private

-, ,

.
protected
private
private

' -
protected - protected - private

- '
- |
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-
- .

-
- .

-
- .
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), i
. ,
. - ,
.
, , Shape:
class Shape
public:
void Draw(void);
Circl:
class Circl : public Shape
(
public:
void Draw(void);
);
Draw,
Shape *PQl = new Shape;
PQl-?Draw();
C i r c l *PQ2 = new C i r c l ;
,'; PQ2->Draw();
PQ2->Shape: : Draw ();
((Shape *)PQ2)->Draw();
// Draw Shape
// Draw Circl
// . Draw Shape
// Draw Shape
. >.. . , Draw
propbi. ,
Circl, . * ( )
, .
- Circl Draw, .
, .
. , Shape: Circl (), Rectangle (), Square () ..
. Draw, . ,
Shape, .
1 , , .
, :
Shape *ShapeArray[10];
:
ShapeArray[0] = new C i r c l ;
ShapeArray[1] = new Rectang;
ShapeArray[2] = new Square;
'k :
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
ShapeArray[i]->Draw();
.
Shape,
;(D .
",
). -<, jkax. - ,
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. , Shape Draw
; ,
.
. Shape
:
virtual void Draw(void);
! ,
.
virtual. , - virtual, ,
. C++ .
( ). , .
, , :
virtual void Draw(void)=0;
Draw Shape, , . .
, ,
. . -.
14.12.6 ,
C++Builder
14.12.6.1
, C++Builder, . new.
, ^
(property), ()
. ,
, , private. ,
' F ' .
:
p r o p e r t y <> <> = (read=<MH >
write=<MH >
<
>;
read write ,
.
read , . ,
, .
Get, .
write , . , . Set, .
write ,
.
,
.dfm.
default >
. . , , .
. MyClass, TObject .
:
class MyClassl : public TObject
(
private:
int FA;
protected:
void
fastcall SetA(int); //
published:
property int A = (read = FA, write = SetA, default = true);
);
FA, SetA,
, , .
read . ,
. write SetA, . -
.
:
void
fastcall MyClassl::SetA(int Value)
{ i f ( . . . ) FA = Value;
}
published.
, ,

. public, - ,
,
. write ,
, .. .
property :
property <> <> < > =
(read=<MMH >
write=<MMH >
<
>;
, .
N :
//
class Matrix
{
float *data;
int N;
//
int M;
//
public:
Matrix(int,int) ;
-Matrix ( ) { delete! ] data; }
property float Items [int i] [int j] =
{ read=GetItems, write=SetItems
private:
float
fastcall Getltems(int i, int j ) ;
void
fastcall Setltems(int i, int j, float value);
Matrix::Matrix(int n, int m)
//
data = new float [n*m];

//
for(int i = 0; i < n*m; i++) //
data[i] = 0.;
N = n;
M = m;
)
void
fastcall Matrix::Setltems(int i, int j, float value)
// value (i,j)
if ( (i<l) I I (i>N) I I (j<l) I I (j >M) )
ShowMessage(" (" + IntToStr(i)
11
, " + IntToStr (j ) + ") ") ;
else data[(i-l) * M + j - 1] = v a l u e ;
float
{
fastcall Matrix: .-Getltems (int i, int j)
// (i,j)
if ( (i<l) I I (i>N) | I (j<l) | | (j>M))

ShowMessage(" (" + I n t T o S t r ( i ) +
", " + I n t T o S t r (j ) + ") ") ;
else return d a ta [ ( i-l) * M + j - 1];
Matrix. *
Items, .

property: float Items [int i] [int j].
i j .
: [int] [int].
.
Getltems ,
.
1, , , , .
Setltems value -
, .
, ,
, :
Matrix (4,5);
4 x 5 . I t e m s . :
x.Items[2][3] = 1.5;
float = x . I t e m s [ 2 ] [ 3 ] ;
1,5 3- 2- ,
.
" .
. 8, . 8.3.3.
14.12.6.2
, .
C++Builder ,
TObject ( this), TNotifyEvent. ++. OnClick ,
TObject *Sender.
, . :
private:
TNotifyEvent FMyEvent;
published:
property TNotifyEvent MyEvent = (read= FMyEvent, write= FMyEvent};
,
* . , , ,
true, . ,
, ,
, , . :
if(FMyEvent)
OnMyEvent(this);
OnMyEvent, ,
. ,
On.
, , .
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. 7.4.3) .
- this,
TNotifyEvent
. closure. :
typedef void
fastcall ( closure *TMyEvent)
(System::TOBject *Sender, bools MyParam);
class T : public TObject
{
private
TMyEvent I'MyEvent;
published
property TMyEvent FMyEvent = (read= FMyEvent, write= FMyEvent};
. 8,
. 8.3.5.
- .
, , .., , .
14.12.7
C++ ,
(generic) . ,
,
.
,
. ,
, , , , .
(. . 13.5.8,
. 13).
template <class > class

, . :
template <class T> class Matrix
Matrix . .
, ,
. 14.12.6.1.
//
template <class T> class Matrix
{
*data;
int N;
//
int M;
//
public:
Matrix(int,int);
-Matrix( ) ( delete! ] data; )
property T Item [int i] [int j] =
{ cead=GetItem, write=SetItem ) ;
private:
T
fastcall Getltem(int i, int j ) ;
void
fastcall Setltem(int i, int j, T value);
};
//
template <class T> Matrix<T>::Matrix(int n, int m)
{
data = new T[n*m];
for (int i = 0; i < n*m;
data[i] = 0;
N = n;
M = m;
template <class T> void

fastcall
Matrix<T>::SetItera(int i, int j, T value)
(
// value (i,j)
if ((i<l) I I (i>N) I I (j<l) I I (j>M))
ShowMessage (" (" + IntToStr(i) +
", " + IntToStr (j) + " ) " ) ;
else data[(i - 1 ) * M + j - 1] = value;
template <class T> T

(
//
;,
fastcall
Matrix<T>::GetItem(int i,
int j)

(i,j)
if ((i<l) | I (i>N) I I (j<l) I I (j>M))
ShowMessage(" (" + IntToStr(i)
"," + IntToStr (j) + ")") ;
else return data[(i - 1) * M + j - 1] ;
. 14.12.6.1, ,
float, .
14.12.6.1, .
.
: , , ..
. 14.12.6.1
- .
, , , :
Matrix<float> x ( 4 , 5 ) ;
4 x 5 . . 14.12.6.1 ,
, . ( float) , .

, . 14.12.5.1, Items. :
. I t e m s [ 2 ] [ 3 ] = 1.5;
float = .Items[2][3];
1,5 3- 2- ,
.
IS

C++Builder
:> C++Builder, |iMi< . [1].
15.1
,
. Drag&Doc,
(. . 2.1.8). .
-
.
,
, . View | Toolbars.
, . , : Standard, View, Debug, Custom, Component Palette, Desktops, Internet,
C.ORBA. - (,
Custom, ,
). -
. .
, ,
Customize, ,
- . , . 15.1. Toolbars , Reset .
Reset,
, . ,
- ,
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Commands . 15.1 (Categories)
(Commands), .
.
, .
1 Options . 15.1 Show tooltips , Show shoricul keys on tooltips
.
, . 15.1 , 1.).
. 15.1

ill
Toolbars Commands ] Options |
Categories:
Commands:
Component
CQRBA
Database
Debug
.
~
Separator
r Redo
File
Help
Internet
Project
Run
Search
SB Paste
X Delete
Select AH
To add command buttons, drag and drop commands onto a toolbar.

To remove command buttons, drag them off of a Toolbar.
Dose
Help
15.2

Properties . Component | Configure Palette.
Palette (. 15.2).
. 15.2

Environment Options
| OaisE** | 0 ! CBu*Ji Diect | Internet 1

Preferences} Designer j Obiect Inspector Palette j Ubraiv i E nvionmern Variables J
KaslNet
_*j
QRepoit
Samples
ActiveX
COM*
Indy Clients '
Indy Servers
IndyMisc
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Templates

InterBase Adrrun
ActiveX

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Pages Add, (.>
. 15.2 , ActiveX
), Rename, , Delete, .1
( ), Move Up .
Move Down, . , >
, '
.
. ;
, Components .
: Name, Package Page. m
,
, , .
. Delaull Pages. , 41 , C++Builder .

Components ,
Hide -
( Hide Delete, . 15.2, -
). Move Up Move Down,
.
15.3 Tools
Tools , .
C++Builder, . |> Tools | Configure Tool. , . 15.3 .
Tools, ( Delete), (
), ( Edit). , ,
.
)
15.3
Tools ()
()
f
Database Desktop
Visual ** Proiect Conversion Utility
QodeGuard Contiguistion
Image Editoi
Package Collection Editor
MLt
conflicting shortcut keys
JB
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Erogiam
JD \Program Files\Boiland4nierBase\bmMElConsole.e
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$PATH
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Cursor cou
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Cmsoifew in topmost editoi
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Word el cursor in topmosl editoi
Director portion of parameter
File name of parameter
File name of paa
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Add .
, . 15.3 (
[11131 . ).
Proyrnm
. Wnikinq .
. , Browse.
, , .
Title .
, .
. Parameters , .
, Macros ( . 15.3 ). :
$1
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$ROW
. , 10,
C + + B u i l d e r 10.
$CURTOKEN (),
. , Label, C++Builder Label.
$
, . $ ( ) .
. , $ P A T H ( $ E D N A M E )
, .
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. , $ N A M E ( $ E D N A M E )
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$PROMPT
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$ P R O M P T ( ) .
, .
SSAVE
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SSAVEALL
$TDW
T u r b o Debugger:
, , , ,
. , Tools.
. 15.3 ,
Insert Parameters.
15.4

Properties . Tools | Editor Options.
(. 15.4) ,
: General, Display, Key Mapping, Color.
. 15.4
General

. -
Ceneral ] Dsi play ] Key Mappn

i gs] Colors} Codelmightj
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F
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Auta indent mode Enter
.
Insert mode
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Use tab character .
, . Smart Tab, .
Smart lab
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Optimal fill
Backspace
unindents
Backspace
.
Cursor through
tabs
Group undo
Alt-Backspace
Edit | Undo , .
Cursor beyond
EOF
Undo after save
Keep trailing
blanks
, .
BRIEF regular
expressions
Brief.
Persistent blocks

, .
Overwrite blacks
. Persistent Blocks,
.
Double click line
-
. ,
.
Find text at cursor , ,

Search Find .
Force cut and
copy enabled
Use syntax
highlighting
Edit | Cut Edit ,

.
.
Colors.
. , Editor SpeedSetting ( ) : Default Keymapping ( ), IDE Classic ( ),

BRIEF emulation ( BRIEF), Epsilon emulation (
Epsilon), Visual Studio Emulation ( Visual Studio), Visual Basic
emulation ( Visual Basic).

:
Block indent
. 2, 16.
Undo limit
, . 32,767 (32).
Tab slops
, .
, .
Syntax extensions , . ., ., .,
.hpp, .h, .hh, .cxx .hxx.
Display . 15.5. .
. 15.5
Display

Veraonlnta
Pascal
form
|
|
Packages
Inker
Tasro
Advanced Linker
AppJcaOon
Compiler
Code optimization
CORBA
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C.
i I Ple-compited headers '

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P Show general metsafles
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| [
[
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Display and file options :

Brief cursor shapes
BRIEF.
Create backup file

.
, "-".
Preserve line ends
Show tab character ()
" " . Use tab

character General.
Zoom to full screen
. ,

.
Sort popup pages menu
Show space character (.)
, :
Visible right margin .

Right margin

. 80 . 1024.
Visible gutter

, .
Gutter width
. - 30.
Editor font
, .
Courier. , .
Size
,
.
Sample
Key Mappings Key mapping modules

. Color ()
.
15.5 Code Insight

Code Insight , (. . 2.7.1),
Tools | Editor Options Code Insight (. 15.6).
. 15.6
Code Insight

switch*
swrtche
switch statement
switch statement (with default)
j3
""*'
*
M::._.
"",.".
Code Insight:
Cade Completion
, , , .
Code Parameters
, , .
Tooltip Expression
Evaluation
.
Tooltip Symbol Insight ,
.
.
, . , , C++Builder, Code Completion. , ,
, , . , Ctrl-.
Toaltip Symbol Insight,
C++Builder . ,
, .
Delay Code
Insight. ,
. , .
Code Templates
C++, Code Insight.
,
. Edit . , ,
. Delete
. Add
. , , do...while ( C++Builder ). Add,
(. 15.7),
Shortcut Name ( dowhile) Description.
( . 15.6).
. 15.7

Shortcut NamejdotvMe
I
K Cancelj
O
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, . , , ,
. .
15.6
C++Builder 6 .
Object Inspector (. 15.8).
. 15.8
Object Inspector
Environment Options
TypeLbtary ( CtatsbrJwo. ! CORBA j Direct | Internet ]

Preferences | Designer Qbiect Inspector j Palette ] Litary | Enyionment Variable! j
ijDefauK colors and setings

Colas
Categories
^] Edit Background
EoVVakje
Instance List Classname
Instance List Name
Name
Readonly
Value
Options
p Show instance ist
p Show cjassname in instance list
P Show status bar
, I* 8 "* background and
P Itfegtal herclu (when not docked)
p Show lead properties
' ^ SMnd*M!
, P Show on evert* caee
|O cB
l tnFac
Help
SpeedSettings : Custom colors and settings (), Default

colors and settings ( ), C++Builder 5 emulation ( C++Builder 5), Visual
Studio emulation ( Visual Studio). , .
,
, Default.
Colors, , , . :
Background
Categories
Edit Background
Edit Value
Instance List
Cl.assname
Instance List Name

Name
Readonly
References
SubProperties
, ,
Value
,
.
Options
:
Show instance class
Show classname in instance list
,
, .
Shaw status bar
, ,
.
Render background grid
, ().
Integral height
(when not dacked)
, .
,
(), ..
.
Show read only properties .

References
, .
Expand inline
" + " , . Show on events page
.
15.7
C++Builder 6 ,
,
.
, Tools | Environment Options
Internet (. 15.9).
. 15.9
Internet Environment Options
Preference j Detign) Object Imoectm | Palette | Uiy | Envrionment Vetublet I

|
11 j
CORBA j
tBuildei Direct
Manet
,-Internet pe Types
Exteneiqni
hlml;htm;asp
Qelete
Script Debugging
l7tlubfc>Dbu>r
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<T html
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-Sample Ifoage File
OK
Cancel
Ueb
Internet File Types ,

. HTML
.html .htm, XML .xml, .xsl, .xsd, .wml.
Delete , New Edit .
, . 15.10.
Description . Extensions
. Edit action
, , , Tools |
External Editor External Editor
Internet (. . 15.1, ), htm Editor . Edit
Open. , ,
Internet Explorer, FrontPage,
Open Internet Explorer , Edit FrontPage.
. 15.10
,

fiesaiption: (HTML
Eigensioro; jhtml.htm;asp
Editfiction: jOpen
17 Syntax Highlight
R Show HTML. Custom View
Show XML Custom View
L.
OK
Caned
Help
. 15.10 :
Syntax Highlight
Shaw HTML Custom View

HTML.
Shaw XML Custom View

XML.
. 15.9. Enable Debugging

, . , .
HTML File Extension ,
Web HTML.
Sample Image File , , .
15.8
Tools | Debugger Options.
, . 15.11.
. 15.11
General
Genetal j Event Log | language Exceptions) OS Exceptions)
<- General-
i Map IP32 keystrokes on tun
i M * k b i ) ! i ! lead-only 1
P Reaianfl&jditorlocalmenuoniun I
] P Inspectors stay on top
" Qetxjg spawned processes

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! sable mAple ejaluatot*

tnspectot Defaults
-"
' 17 Shoginhented
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1
' b " 3 s r i M l > Search Pai
17 Integrated debuggn
ig
OK j Cancel
.
Inlegroted debugging, . , .
General, . 15.11, ,
:
Map TD32 keystrokes an
run
TD32 .

Mark buffers reod-anly on run.
Mark buffers read-only on

run
.
,
, - ( )
.
.
Inspectors sloy an top
,
.
Disable multiple evaluatars
C++
Pascal. , C++.
Allow side effects in new

watches
(,
) (. . 2.8.4).
Rearrange editor locol

menu an run

, , .
.
Debug spawned processes , . , , .

Enoble COM cross-process support
.
Event Log (. ).
InspectorDefaults
(. . 2.8.8). Show inherited
, ,
. , , . Sort by name . Show fully qualified names
.
(.
. 2.8.8).
Debug Symbols Search Path ,
, : .tds, .rsm, .dcp. , . ,
..
Event Log (. 15.12) . , ,
, View | Debug Windows | Event Log
Ctrl-All-E (. . 2.8.9).
Event Log, General, :
Clear lag on run .
Unlimited Length .
Length
.
, Unlimited.
. 15.12
Event Log
Genoa! Svent Ug j Language Enrapture | OS Exceptions)

Serl
P tearlogonwn'
P Unhnited length
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length. |7
t 17 Qutpul message
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Breakpoint messages -
- .
Process messages
Thread Messages
( ) .
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, OutputDebugString
(. . 2.8.9).
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Windows.
, , Breakpoint messages Output

messages. OutputDebugString , .
Language Exceptions (. 15.13) . Stap an Delphi
Exceptions Stap On C++ Exceptions ( Delphi C++)
, . , , .
Stop on Delphi Exceptions Stop On C++ Exceptions , , ,
Exception Types to Ignore, . , , , . 15.13, . Add
. ,
EMathError,
, ..
Remove .
. 15.13
Language Exceptions

1| Even! Log. language | OS Excepfcnt |

Exception Types to (snore " ' -- ~~ i .
M Delphi EAbort Exceptions
W Microsoft DAO Exceptions
"?% Visfiroker Internal Exceptions
[* CORBA System Exceptions
i2 CORBA User Exceptions
P lO|>nOlphiEKMf*nnt
P Stop on Exceptions
OS Exceptions (. 15.14) .
.
, Add. Remove
, ,
. C+4-Builder 1 Remove
.
. 15.14
OS Exceptions
Geraal| EvwKUej Language OS Exceptions |
Exception.
Access Vteon (OxCGOOOOfi)
In Page Error |DxC0000006]
Invalid Handle IOXCOOOOOCB)
NoMem(xv(0*C0000017)
llegallnstiiion(OxCOOO)1D)
Noncontinuable Exception f0xC0OO0O25]
Invalid Dispositron !0xC0O0OO26)
Allay Bounds Exceeded (0xCO0OD08C)
Float Denamal Dpetation (0xC0OD0O8D)
Inleotateddebuggmg
Help
Hondled by , :
Debugger , User program .
On resume , C++Builder
(Run handled), (Run unhandled). Debugger , Run
Handled . . 15.14
Float Divide By Zero. ,
,
, . , , . +-(-Builder, .
15.9
15.9.1 ,

C+4-Builder , . Project
Options .
,
, , , , Project | Run F9. C+4-Builder :
1. , .
2. ., .pas, .asm, .re, .
.
();1 .
C+4-Builder . i C+4-Builder
. I , .
, , #include, . . , C+4-Builder
, .
ILINK32 .il? . , .
,
.
. . .
,
.
1. Build All. ,
, .
2.
,
. .? , Don't Generate State Files Linker. .
. , ,
. Don't Generate State Files .
3.
-
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, Release Compiler
(. 15.15). Integrated debugger Debugger Options, Tools | Debugger Options.
, , , .
4.
C++Builder 5, (. . 2.3.3).
!.;>1. ,
<> .
5.
6.
7.
, , .
, VCL, . Linker Use debug libraries.
, Compiler Code optimization .
4864 .
15.9.2
Project | Options
Project Options: Compiler, Advanced Compiler, Pascol, Linker, Tasm.
, Full debug Release Compiler
(. 15.15). Compiler, Advanced Compiler, Pascol, Linker, Tasm. , Full debug, ,
,
. , ,
, . 15.9.1. Release , .
.
, , . , , , Default (., , . 15.15).
,
.
. 15.15
Compiler
, Version Into | Packages | Tasm | CQRBA | CodeSuard |

Pascal | Lnker j Advanced Linker ) Directouei/Conotenals j
Form J Appfcatk.il Compjei j Advanced Coropter | Ct* j
i Codeopttftizetan
, i Pre-compHed headers
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Speed
| I Use pre-owpJed headers

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filename.
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p mfineeipanstons
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15.9.3
Compiler (. 15.15). C++. Full debug Release .
. Code
Optimization Compiler
. None, , . , , -
.
Speed :
Inline intrinsic functions ( inline) Oi. , .
, .
Induction variables ( ) Ov. ,
.
Optimize common subexpressions ( )
Og.
,
. , .
Selected Optimization
, . Pentium
scheduling OS,
Pentium. Defaults .
Warnings ,
. ( )
. None . Selected Warnings
, , .
Debugging . Debug information
.obj . Line number
.obj . Disable inline
expansions inline .
.
.
Debugging . ,
,
Linker Include Debug Information.
.obj ,
, . .
Pre-compiled heoders
. , . 15.9.1,
,
. .
None
. Use pre-compiled headers
( ...\lib\vcl.csm). Coche pre-compiled
headers ( ) . ,
. File Nome
. ,
C++Builder, $().
Stop After
, . ,
.
Compiling ,
C+4-Builder. Merge duplicole strings
, , . , ,
.
Stack frames ( ) ,
. , ,
,
. .
.
Treat enum types as ints enum
.
Show general messages , ,
.
. - .
Extended error information . " + " , .
. ( Advanced Compiler), , C++
, VCL ( C++), Object Pascal,
Object Pascal, , , Delphi 6 ( Pascal),
( Tosm). . [1].
15.9.4

Linker (. 5.16) Advanced Linker. , , .. .obj, .lib, .res .
.dll. ILINK32.
, .
. 15.16
Linker
VnstonMo | Packages | Tasm | CDRSA | CodeGuatd

|
Pascal
Appfcaton ) Compiler | Advanced Cmipder { Ct.

Lmkei j Advanced Unkei | DectoN/Con*crak
f/ Use dynamci BTL
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" . ' -*V " >' *4^',-,.."...'.,
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Subsystem major {4
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RTL .
,
RTL DLL.
. , , Use dynamic RTL.
Use debug libraries vcld.lib
VCL, .
, .
Use Packages Packages. Use debug libraries .
,
VCL.
Generate import library DLL .
.lib ( DLL) .bpi
( ). . , , .lib. .bpi.
Generate Jib file .
.lib, .bpi. ,
, DLL.
Don't generate state files .il? (. . 15.9.1), , , . .il? , Final output Directories/Conditionals.
errors ,
. 255.
.
Advanced Linker . [1].
15.9.5 Directories/Conditionals
Directories/Conditionals . 15.17. , . , . . .
. 15.17
Directories/Conditionals

Forme | Application j Compe

lir j Advanced Compe
lir f O*
Vnaonlrfo ] Packages j |
Pascal | l*er | Advanced Inker
- Directories - - - - - ;
COflBA I CodeGuard
*
- -
Include path. |D \Progtam Rles\Borland\CBuildet6\Pro|eas. j - j J

tberyparil |D \Proeiam Ffes\8aland\CBuilder6\Proiects ^J A
fiebup source path j$(BCB]\saurceWci
i IntermediatesutpiA (
;
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gPMJB output |
Condtion* ondiliorlderns; jDebug.Var-1
3 J
31
Unit fees: |
Help
Directories . Include
path , ,
.
Library path , ,
.
Debug source path ,
. ,
, .
Intermediate output ,
: .obj .asm.
Final output , ., .bpl, .dll. , , ..
BPI/LIB output DLL .bpi .lib. , , .. Linker Generate import library Generate
Jib file. BPI/LIB output ,
, Library Environment Options,
Tools | Environment Options.
, , , .
. 127 ,
. ,
C++Builder $().
.
. ,
, . 15.18.
Delete .
, . , .
Windows , .
. 15.18, Replace
Add.
, .
, . 15.17,
.
. 15.18

I Ordered isl Inclitte p*hs

DAProgiamFfes\Borland\CBuildM6\Piqecls
F \Tests\Smpte
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FATests
Greyedteimsdenoe
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, , , #if, " = " .
. . 15.17 Debug, Var 1.

#ifdef Debug
#endif
#if Var==l
#endif
Aliases Directaries/Condifionals
Object Pascal, . :
< >-=< >.
15.10
Tools | Environment
Options. . 15.19 Preferences
.
. 15.19
Preferences
Environment Options
Type Lb
i rary j CtestExptotef j CORBA ] C**Bu*fef Driect ] Internet
PrefencM j Desg
i ner} QbtecUrapecta | Palete | L-Jxwy | Enwonment Veables
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[ j Bemoncompjehon
| | * Cache headers on sMup
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| ' Wflfn on package tebuld

P Hide tjgstgnere on tun
f fiuckgrowdcofrpilation
Help
Preferences .
Compiling and running , . Show Compiler Progress
. on completion
. Cache headers on startup ,
(. . 15.9.1). Warn on
package rebuild ,
. Hide designers on run
: , .
Minimize on run C++Builder. Background Compilation ( Run) .
Autosave options ,
C-t-t-Builder. Editor Files (
) ,
C++Builder
. ,
- , . ,
,
.
Project desktop ( ),
C++Builder ,
C++Builder. ,
.
Shared Repository , bcb.dro.
bin.
Designer C++Builder 6 (. 15.20) ,

. C++Builder
Form designer Preferences.
. 15.20
Designer Environment Options
Type Library I ClassEiftoter ] CORBA j OtBuUwDied I Internet

Preferences Designer] Object Inspector | Palette j Ltotary ] Envrionment Variables
, Giid opto
i ns
P Dsipal y flfid
P Sn^toîd
Grd
i szie
Module creation options
Options '
Show component captions
V Show design hjnts
P Show extended control hints
1 P Jîew forms as text

f/ Auto create forms & data modules
Display grid .
Snap fo grid , '
. .
Grid size x Grid size . 2 128.
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New forms as text , ( ) .dfm. , ,
.
C++Builder.
AutoCreate forms & data modules , ( ) (Auto Create), (Available Forms). Forms .
, C++,
C++Builderf API Windows
570 , C++, ++ilder, API Windows. , .

, . [1] [3].
16.1
16.1.1
,
, , Key OnKeyDown OnKeyUp.
, . . . 5, . 5.3.2.2.
F1
112
0x70
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F2
113
0x71
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121
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32
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FIO
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13
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16
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18
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20
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27
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45
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33
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34
0x22
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35
0x23
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36
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37
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38
0x26
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39
0x27
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40
0x28
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46
02
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44
02
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19
144
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48
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1, !
49
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53
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0
96
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97
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2
98
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99
0x63
VK_NUMPAD3
100
0x64
VK_NUMPAD4
101
0x65
VK_NUMPAD5
102
0x66
VK_NUMPAD6
103
0x67
VK_NUMPAD7
8
9
104
105
0x68
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0x69
VK NUMPAD9
Z'
'- -
106
VK_MULTIPLY
107
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109
0x6D
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110
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16.1.2 ,
16.1.2.1
, (printf,
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index, width
(*). ,
.
type.

.
["." ],

. ,

.
d.ddd...E+ddd.

.
["." ],
,
( 15 ).
.

ddd.ddd.... ["."
],
( 2 ).

, , . ["."
], ( 15).
, , . ,

0.00001.
.
, , : d,ddd,ddd.ddd....
, . CurrencyString, CurrencyFormat, NegCurrFormat, ThousandSeparator, DecimalSeparator, CurrencyDecimals, Currency Format International Windows. 4 ["."
], CurrencyDecimals.

XXXX:YYYY, YYYY
, .
,
PChar
.
["." ], .
, .
.
["." ],
. ,
.
, .
DecimalSeparator ThousandSeparator.
%f
%g
110000.
110000,00
10000000000000+005
110000
-110000000,00
-10000000000000+008
-110000000
1.1+08
%f
%e
%g
0.00011
0,00
1,100O00000O0000E-0O4
0,00011
l.le-07
0,00
100000-07
1-7
12.
12,00
1,20000000000000E+001
12
0,00
0,00O00OOO000O00E+OO0
0.
:
/ 1.1E-4
12.
0.00
% .2f
0,00
12,00
0,000
% .3f
0,000
12,000
0,0000
% .4f
0,0001
12,0000
0.0E+000
%.2e
1.1E-007
1.2E+001
O.OE+000
% .
10-007
1.20E+001
0.00E+000
% .4e
100-007
1.200E+001
0.000E+000
% .2g
1-7
12
% .3g
1-7
12
% .4g
1-7
12
16.1.2.4 TFloatFormat TFIoatValue

TFloatFormat TFIoatValue , FloatToText, FloatToStrF, FloatToDecimal,
TextToFloat.
include <SysUtils.hpp>
enum TFloatFormat ( ffGeneral, ffExponent,.ffFixed, ffNumber,
ffCurrency );
enum TFIoatValue ( fvExtended, fvCurrency );
TFIoatValue . fvExtended , fvCurrency

Currency.
TFloatFormat FloatToText, FloatToStrF, FloatToDecimal, TextToFloat. :
ffGeneral
. ,
. ,
.
, Precision 0.00001. ,
Dif{itH 0 4.
ffExponent
.
d.ddd...E+dddd. , , Precision.
" + " "-" . Digits 0 4.
ffFixed
.
ddd.ddd.... . Digits, 0
18. Precision, .
ffNumher
.
d,ddd,ddd.ddd.... ffFixed .
ff Currency
. , . Currency String, Currency Format, NegCurrFormat,

ThousandSeparator, DecimalSeparator, Currency Format Internotional
Windows. Digits, 0 18.
,
16.1.2.5 FormatFloat
, , FormatFloat, FloatToTextFmt, FormatFloat AnsiString
.
:
0
. ,
"0", . "0".
. ,
" # " , . .
. "."
. "." .
, , DecimalSeparator, Number Format International
Windows.
.
",",
. "," , . ,
, usandSeparator, Number Format
International Windows.
+, -,
+,
. + , , + , .
"0" ( ),
.
"+" "+", , " + " "".
"" "", .
''/ ""
, , , .
,
, .
"" "0" ,
.
,
"" " # " .
,
.
,
"0" " # " ,
.
, . ,
. ,
, . , , , .
(..
, .
, 15 . ffGeneral TFIoatFormat (. . 16,1.2.4). ,
18
.
1234
-1234
1234
-1234
0.00
1234,00
-1234,00
0,50
0,00
1234
-1234
,5
#,##0.00
1 234,00
-1 234,00
0,50
#,##0.00;(#,##0.00)
1 234,00
(1 234,00)
0,50
0,00
0,00
0.5
#,##0.00;;
1 234,00
-1 234,00
0,50
.00+0
1,234+03
-1.234+03
5,000-01
0.000+00
#.###-0
1.234
-1.234
5-1
16.1.3 ,
,
#include <errno.h>
16.1.3.1 _doserrno, errno _sys_nerr ,
_doserrno tot
. _doserrno
, ,
, UNIX.
, , _sys_errlist, . _sys_nerr,
( stdio.h)
stder.
_sys_errlist[errno], _sys_errlist[_sys_nerr].
0.
, .. . ,
0.
16.1.3.2
, ,
_sys_errlist.
_sys_errlist
E2BIG
20
Arg list too long
EACCES
EAGAIN
EBADF
Permission denied
42
Resource temporarily unavailable

Bad file number
_sys_crrlist
EUUSY
44
Resource busy
ECHILD
24
No child process
ECONTR
Memory blocks destroyed
ECURDIR
16
Attempt to remove CurDir
EDEADLOCK
36
Locking violation
EDOM
33
Math argument
EEXIST
35
File already exists
EFAULT
14
Unknown error
EFBIG
27
UNIX MSDOS
EINTR
39
Interrupted function call
EINVACC
12
Invalid access code
EINVAL
19
Invalid argument
EINVDAT
13
Invalid data
EINVDRV
15
Invalid drive specified
EINVENV
10
Invalid environment
EINVFMT
11
Invalid format
EINVFNC
Invalid function number
EINVMEM
Invalid memory block address
40
Input/output error
EISDIR
46
UNIX MSDOS
EMFILE
Too many open files
EMLINK
31
UNIX MSDOS
ENFILE
23
Too many open files
ENMFILE
18
No more files
ENODEV
15
No such device
ENOENT
No such file or directory
ENOEXEC
21
Exec format error
ENOFILE
File not found
ENOMEM
Not enough core
ENOPATH
Path not found
ENOSPC
28
No space left on device
ENOTBLK
43
UNIX MSDOS
ENOTDIR
45
UNIX MSDOS
ENOTSAM
17
Not same device
ENOTTY
25
UNIX MSDOS
ENX1O
41
No such device or address
_sys_errlist
EPERM
37
Operation not permitted
EPIPE
32
Broken pipe
ERANGE
34
Result too large
EROFS
30
Read-only file system
ESPIPE
29
Illegal seek
ESRCH
38
UNIX MSDOS
ETXTBSY
26
UNIX MSDOS
EUCLEAN
47
UNIX MSDOS
EXDEV
22
Cross-device link
EZERO
Error 0
. ,
strcpy(_sys errlist[ENOENT]/" ");
No such file or directory.

-, , I/O checking
Pascal . C++Builder EInOutError.
2
3
100
(EOF)
101
106
16.1.3.3 EDOM, ERANGE

EDOM ERANGE
. , , , :
i f ( e i r t i o == EDOM)
16.1.3.4 matherr matherrl
include <mach.h>
int
matherr(struct êxception *e) ;
nH
mjrherrl(struct
exception! * e ) ;
_matherr _matherrl ( long double) , ( ..). , , , ,

0. signal.
_matherr _matherrl
, .
, .
. _matherr _matherrl , 0.
.
:
struct _exception |
int
type;
char 'name;
double argl, arg2,
retval;
};
struct _exceptionl (
int
type;
char "name;
long double argl, arg2, retval;
};
type . name
, , . argl
arg2 , (
, argl). retval . .
, type, :
DOMAIN
SING
OVERFLOW
; ,
log(-l)
; ,
pow(0, -2)
,
DBL_MAX ( LDBL_MAX); , ()
UNDERFLOW
,
DBL_MIN ( LDBL_MIN); , (-)
TLOSS
; , sin(10e70)
DBL_MAX, DBL_MIN,
LDBL_MAX LDBL_MIN float.h.
,
DOMAIN sqrt ( ),
, :
inL _matherr
if
(struct _exception *a)
(a->type == DOMAIN)
if (!strcmp(a->name,"sqrt")) (
a->retval - sqrt (-(a->argl));
return 1;
return
0;
16.1.3.5 assert
include <assert.h>
void assert(int test);
assert . test ( ), assert

stderr :
Assertion failed: t e s t , f i l e < >, line < >
assert abort.

((include <assert.h>

define
NDEBUG
assert . - , ,
NDEBUG.
16.2
16.2.1 ,
_1_1
1/n
0.318309886183790671538
M_1_SQRTPI
1 /
0.564189583547756286948
M_2_PI
2/n
0.636619772367581343076
M_2_SQRTPI
2 / 7i
1.12837916709551257390
M_E
2.71828182845904523536
M_LN10
1(10)
10
2.30258509299404568402
M_LN2
1(2) 2 0.693147180559945309417
M LOG10E
log!o(e)
M_LOG2E
Iog2(e) 2 1.44269504088896340736

M_PI
3.14159265358979323846
MJPI_2
/2
1.57079632679489661923
0.434294481903251827651
M_PI_4
/4
0.785398163397448309616
M_SQRT_2
2, 2
0.707106781186547524401
M_SQRT2
1.41421356237309504880
16.2.2

Jrotl
unsigned long _Irotl(

val
unsigned long val, count
int count)
stdlib.h
_Irotr
unsigned long _Irotr(

val
unsigned long val, count
int count)
stdlib.h
_rotl
value stdlib.h
unsigned short _rotl(
unsigned short value, count
int count)
_rotr
unsigned short _rotr(

value stdlib.h
unsigned short value, count
int count)
abs
int abs(int x)
stdlib.h
cabs
math.h
cabsl
double cabs(struct complex z)

struct complex {
double x, y;
};
long double cabsl(
struct _complexlz)
struct _complex {
long double x, y;
};
math.h
ceil
double ceil(double x)
: , X
math.h
Ceil
int Ceil(Extended X);
: , X
Math.hpp
ceill
long double ceill(long double x) : , X
math.h
div
div_t div(int numer, int denom)

typedef struct {
numer / denom
int quot;
//
int rem;
//
} div_t;
math.h
exp
double exp(double x)
math.h
cxpl
loiitf doublu cxpl(long double x)
math.h
fabs
double fabs(double x)
math.h
fabsl
long double fabsl(long double x)
math.h
floor
double floor(double x)
: ,
math.h
Floor
int Floor(Extended X);
: - Math.hpp
, X
floorl
long double floorl(long double x) : - math.h

,
fmod
double fmod(double x, double y)
math.h
fmodl
long double fmodl(

long double x, long double y)
math.h
frexp
double frexp(double x,
int êxponent)

()
exponent
math.h
Frexp
X
void Frexp(Extended X,
Extended &Mantissa, Mantissa Exponent
int &Exponent)
frexpl
long double frexpl(

long double x,
int *exponent)

()
exponent
math.h
IntPower
Extended IntPower(
Extended Base,
int Exponent)
Base
Exponent
Math.hpp
labs
long labs(long int x)
stdlib.h
Math.hpp
Idexp
double ldexp(double x, int exp) 2 "
Ldexp
Extended Ldexp(Extended X,
int P)
ldexpl
long double IdexpU

2*
long double x,
int exp)
math.h
Idiv
typedef struct {
long int quot;
//
long int rem;
//
) !div_t;
ldiv_t Idiv(long int numer,
long int denom)
:
numer / denom;
quot
rem
math.h,
stdlib.h
LnXPl
Extended LnXPl(Extended X)

( + 1)
Math.hpp
log
double log(double x)
math.h
loglO
double IoglO(double x)
math.h
LoglO
Extended LoglO(Extended X)
Math.hpp
loglOI
long double Iogl01(

long double x)
- 2
math.h
Math.hpp
math.h

Extended Log2(Extended X)
Log2
logl
LogN
2 Math.hpp
math.h
long double Iogl(long double x)
Extended LogN(
X Math.hpp
Extended Base, Base
Extended X)
max
max(a, b)
- stdlib.h

b
min
min(a, b)
stdlib.h

b
modf
double modf(double x,
double *ipart)

math.h
ipart
modfl
long double modfl(

long double x,
long double *ipart)
double poly(double x,
int degree,
double coeffsfl)

math.h
ipart
poly
Poly
polyl
de- math.h
gree
coeffs
Math.hpp
X
Extended PoIy(Extended X,
const double * Coefficients, Coefficients_Swe const int Coefficients_Size) Coefficients
long double polyl(
de- Math.h
long double x,
gree
int degree,
coeffs .
long double coeffs[])
double pow(double x, double y)
Extended Power(
Base
Exponent
Extended Base,
Extended Exponent)
math.h
powl
long double powl(

long double x,
long double y)
math.h
sqrt
double sqrt(double x)
pow
Power
sqrtl

long double sqrtl(long double x)
Math.hpp
math.h
math.h
,
math.h Math.hpp C++Builder .

include <math.h>
#include <Math.hpp>
exp, expl. ldexp, ldexpl ERANGE.
log, ioglO, loglOl, logl ERANGE, EDOM.

pow powl EDOM, < 0 , = 0 <= 0.
ERANGE.
sqrt sqrtl EDOM, < 0.
Math.hpp
math.h, Extended.
16.2.3
acos
acosl
ArcCos
ArcCosh
Arc Sin
ArcSinh
ArcTan2
ArcTanh
asin
asinl
atan
atan2
atan21
atanl
cos
cosh
Cosh
coshl
cosl
double acos(doublo x)
long double acosl(
long donble x)
Extended ArcCos(Extended X)
Extended ArcCosh(
Extended X)
Extended ArcSin(Extended X)
Extended ArcSinh(
Extended X)
Extended ArcTan2(
Extended Y,
Extended X)
Extended ArcTanh(
Extended X)
math.h

(Y / X)
Math.hpp
Math.hpp
double asin(double x)
math.h
long double asinl(

long double x)
double atan(double x)
double atan2(double y,
double x
long double atan21(
long double y,
long double x)
long double atanl(
long double x)
double cos(double x)
double cosh(double x)
Extended Cosh(Extended X)
long double coshl(
long double x)
long double cosl(
long double x)
math.h
math.h
math.h
math.h
math.h
math.h
math.h
Math.hpp
math.h
math.h
math.h
Math.hpp
Math.hpp
Math.h
Math.hpp
Math.hpp
Extended Cotan(Extended X)
Math.hpp
CycIeToRad Extended CycIeToRad(
Extended Cycles) Cycles: 2 Cycles
Cotan
DegToRad
Extended DegToRad(
Extended Degrees)
Degrees: Degrees 1 180
hypot
double hypot(double x,
double y)
Hypot
hypotl
Math.hpp
math.h

Extended Hypot(Extended X, - Math.hpp
Extended Y) X Y
long double hypotl(
math.h
long double x,
long double y)
RadToCycle Extended RadToCycle(

- Math.hpp
Extended Radians)
Radians:
Radians / (2)
RadToDeg Extended RadToDcg(
- Math.hpp
Extended Radians) Radians:
Radians 180 / .
SinCos
double sin(double x)
void SinCos(Extended Theta, Sin Extended &Sin, Cos Theta
Extended &Cos)
math.h
Math.hpp
Sinh
Extended Sinh(Extended X)
Math.hpp
sinh
double sinh(double x)
math.h
sinhl

long double sinhl(
long double x)
math.h
sinl
math.h
Tan
long double sinl(
long double x)
Extended Tan(Extended X)
tan
Tanh
double tan(double x)
Extended Tanh(Extcnded X)
tanh
double tanh(double x)
tanhl
long double tanhl(

math.h
long double x)
tanl
long double tanl(
long double x)
sin
Math.hpp
math.h
Math.hpp
math.h
math.h

,
math.h Math.hpp C++Builder .

((include <math.h>
include <Math.hpp>
.
, , DegToRad CycleToRad. ,
double Rad = DegToRad(90);
Rad 90 . Rad
double Rad = CycleToRad(0.25) ;
( ). 90 :
double S - sin(DegToRad(90));
:
acos acosl [0, ], asm, asinl, atan, atan2, atan21, atanl [-/2, /2]. .
RadToDeg RadToCycle. ,
double A = atan (T);
double Al = RadToDeg(atan(T)) ;
double A2 - RadToCycle ( a t a n ( T ) ) ;
(), (1) (2).

acos, acosl, asin, asinl,
[-1, +1], (EDOM).
cosh, coshl, sinh, sinhl,
,
(ERANGE).
16.2.4
_lrand
long _lrand(void)
, 0 2 3 1 - 1
stdlib.h
rand
int rand(void)
, 0 RAND_MAX
stdlib.h
RandG
Extended RandG(Extended Mean, Extended StdDev)

, ; Mean ,
StdDev
Math.hpp
random
int random(int num)

, 0 num - 1
stdlib.h

randomize
/
void randomize(void)
( RandG)
Randomize void Randomize(void)

RandG
srand
Math.hpp
void srand(unsigned seed)

j stdlib.h
( RandG) seed
rand , 0 RAND_MAX
(0x7FFFU - 32767). 2 3 2 = 4 294 967 296.
. -
,
( )
randomize srand.
, 0
N, % . ,
randO % 101
0 100,
( r a n d ! ) % 201) - 100
-100 100.
rand . ,
10. * rand() / RAND_MAX
,
0 10.
_lrand rand, 2 6 4 0 2 3 1 - 1.
random , num.
. ,
, , 0 100,
random(101);
, , %.
RandG , ( ) Mean
StdDev.
, Math.hpp C++Builder
.
include <Math.hpp>

, . ,
. , ..
. . RandG.
randomize. - (,
OnCreate )
randomize ( ) ;

.
srand randomize ,
, seed.
RandG Randomize, randomize.
, RandSeed,
System.hpp.
16.2.5
,
Data, Data_Size.
MaxIntValue
int MaxIntValue(const int * Data, const int Data_Size) Math.hpp

Math.hpp
double MaxValue(const double * Data,
const int Data_Size)

MaxValue
Mean
Extended Mean(const double * Data,

( )
Math.hpp
MeanAndStdDev
void MeanAndStdDev(const double * Data,

const int Data_Size,
Extended &Mean,
Extended &StdDev)
Mean StdDev
Math.hpp
Minlnt Value
int MinIntValue(const int * Data, const int Data_Size)

Math.hpp
MinValue
double MinValue(const double * Data,


Math.hpp
MomentSkewKurtosis
void MomentSkewKurtosis(const double * Data,

Math.hpp
const int Data Size, Extended &M1,
Extended &M2, Extended &M3,
Extended &M4, Extended &Skew,
Extended &Kurtosis)
Ml, M2, , 4, Skew, Kurtosis
Norm
Extended Norm(const double * Data,

:
Math.hpp

PopnStdDev
PopnVariance
StdDev
Sum
Sumlnt
Math.hpp
Extended PopnStdDev(const double * Data,


Math.hpp
Extended PopnVariance(const double * Data,
(. Variance)
Extended StdDev(const double * Data,
Math.hpp

Math.hpp
Extended Sum(const doable * Data,

int Sumlnt(const int * Data, const int Data_Size)

Math.hpp
SumOfSquares Extended SumOfSquares(const double * Data,

Math.hpp

SumsAndSqu- void SumsAndSquares(const double * Data,
Math.hpp
ares
const int Data Size, Extended &Sum,
Extended &SumOfSquares)
Sum SumOfSquares
TotalVariance
Extended TotalVariance(const double * Data,


Math.hpp
Variance
Extended Variance(const double * Data,

Math.hpp
(. PopnVariance)
Math.hpp C++Builder .
include <Math.hpp>
MeanAndStdDev (
) . , Mean
StdDev. (> 107) .
, MeanAndStdDev StdDev .
, PopnStdDev, ( - 1), . ,
Variance PopnVariance.
,
, :
double 001] ;
long double M, StdD,StdD2,Ml,M2,M3,M4,Skew,Kurtosis;
//
for(int i - 0; i < 1001;
RandG(20, 4) ;
double = Variance(A,1000);
MeanAndStdDev(A,1000, M, StdD);
StdD2 = PopnStdDev(A,1000);
MomentSkewKurtosis(A,1000,M1,M2,M3,M4,Skew,Kurtosis) ;
16.3
16.3.1
16.3.1.1 char *
/
_atoi64
int64 _atoi64(const char *s)
s
_atold
long double _atold(const char *s)

s
math.h
_i64toa
char *_i64toa( int64 value, char *strP, int radix)

value ; radix ( 2 36)
stdlib.h
_itow
wchar_t *_itow(int value, wchar_t *string, int radix)

value string radix
char *_ltoa(long value, char *string, int radix)
long double _strtold(const char *s, char **endptr)
s
char *_ui64toa(unsigned ini64 value,
char *strP, int radix)
wchar_t *_ultow(unsigned long value,
wchar_t *string, int radix)
value string radix
long double _wcstold(const wchar_t *s, wchar_t **endptr)
s
stdlib.h
Jtoa
_strtold
_ui64toa
_ultow
_wcstold
stdlib.h
stdlib.h
stdlib.h
stdlib.h
stdlib.h
stdlib.h
_wtof
double _wtof(const wchar_t *s)

s
math.h
_wtoi
int _wtoi(const wchar_t *s)

s
stdlib.h
_wtoi64
int64 _wtoi64(const wchar_t *s)

s
stdlib.h
_wtol
long _wtol(const wchar_t *s)

s
stdlib.h
_wtold
long double _wtold(const wchar_t *s)

s
math.h
atof
double atof(const char *s)

s
stdlib.h,
math.h
atoi
int atoi(const char *s)

s
stdlib.h
atol
long atol(const char *s)

s
stdlib.h
ecvt
char *ecvt(double value, int ndig, int *dec, int *sign)

value
ndig; dec , sign
stdlib.h
fcvt
char *fcvt(double value, int ndig, int *dec, int *sign)

value
ndig; dec , sign
stdlib.h
gcvt
char *gcvt(double value, int ndec, char *buf)

value buf ndec
stdlib.h
itoa
char *itoa(int value, char *string, int radix)

value string radix
stdlib.h
strtod
double strtod(const char *s, char **endptr)

s
stdlib.h
strtol
long strtol(const char *s, char **endptr, int radix)

s
stdlib.h
strtoul
unsigned long strtoul(const char *s, char **endptr, int radix)

s unsigned long radix
stdlib.h
ultoa
char *ultoa(unsigned long value, char * string, int radix)

value string radix
stdlib.h
wcstod
double wcstod(const wchar_t *s, wchar_t **endptr

s
stdlib.h
wcstol
long wcstol(const wchar_t *s, wchar_t **endptr, int radix) stdlib.h

s
wcstoul
unsigned long wcstoul(const wchar_t *s,

stdlib.h
wchar_t **endptr, int radix)
unsigned long radix

, . ,
, .
, 0.
atof strtod +INF -INF,
, +NAN -NAN,
.
strtod, strtol, _strtold, strtoul, wcstod, wcstol, wcstoul
endptr NULL. , ;
double = strtod(Editl->Text.c_str(),NULL) ;
, Editl, . endptr:
char *endptr;
double = strtod(Editl->Text. str(),Sendptr);
*endptr , .
.
,
HUGE_VAL ( double)
LHUGEJVAL ( long double).

AnsiString (. . 16.4.2.3 . 17).
char * c_str(), .
16.3.1.2 ,
SysUtils.hpp
CurrToStr
System::AnsiString CurrToStr(System::Currency Value)

Value Currency
CurrToStrF
System-AnsiString CurrToStrF(System::Currency Value,

TFloatFormat Format, int Digits)
Curreucy TFloatFormat (. . 16.1.2.4)
FIoatToDecimal
void FloatToDecimal(TFloatRec &Result, const void *Value,

TFIoatValue ValueType, int Precision, int Decimals)
Value ValueType (. TFIoatValue . 16.1.2.4)
TFloatRec
FloatToStr
System-AnsiString FIoatToStr(Extended Value)

Value
FloatToStrF
System::AnsiString FIoatToStrF(Extended Value,

TFloatFormat Format, int Precision, int Digits)
Value TFloatFormat
(. . 16.1.2.4)
FloatToText
int FIoatToText(char * Buffer, const void *VaIue,

TFloatValue ValueType, TFloatFormat Format,
int Precision, int Digits)
Value ValueType Buffer TFloatFormat (. . 16.1.2.4)
int FloatToTextFmt(char * Buffer, const void *Value,
TFloatValue ValueType, char * Format)
Value ValueType (. TFloatValue . 16.1.2.4)
Buffer FormatFloat (. .
FloatToTextFmt
FmtStr
void FmtStr(System::AnsiString &ResuIt,

const System::AnsiString Format,
const System-TVarRec * Args, const int Args_Size)
Args Args_Size - 1
Result Format (. . 16.1.2.3)
Format
System::AnsiString Format(const Systern::AnsiString Format,

const System::TVarRec* Args, const int Args_Size)
Args Args_Size - 1
Format (. . 16.1.2.3)
Cardinal FormatBuf(void *Buffer, Cardinal BufLen,
const void *Format, Cardinal FmtLen,
const System::TVarRec * Args, const int Args_Size)
Args Args_Size - 1
Buffer BufLen Format (. .
16.1.2.3) FmtLen
System::AnsiString FormatCurr(const System::AnsiString Format,
System::Currency Value)
Currency
FormatFloat (. . 16.1.2.5)
FormatBuf
Formate urr
FormatFloat
GetFormatSettings
System::AnsiString FormatFIoat(const System::AnsiString

Format, Extended Value)
Value
FormatFloat (. . 16.1.2.5)
void GetFormatSettings(void)
,
IntToHex
System::AnsiString IntToHex(int Value, int Digits)

Value Digits
IntToStr
System::AnsiString IntToStr(int Value)

Value
char * StrFmt(char * Buffer, char * Format,
const Systcm::TVarRec * Args, const int Args_Size)
Args Args_Size -1
StrFmt
it lluifcr no F o r m a t (. . 10.1.2.3)
StrLFmt
char * StrLFmt(char * Buffer, Cardinal MaxLen, char * Format,

const System::TVarRec* Args, const int Args_Size)
Args Args_Size -1
Buffer MaxLen Format (. .
16.1.2.3)
StrToCurr
System::Currency StrToCurr(const System::AnsiString S)

S Currency
StrToFloat
Extended StrToFloat(const System::AnsiString S)

S
StrToInt
int StrToInt(const System::AnsiString S)

S
StrToIntDef
int StrToIntDef(const System::AnsiString S, int Default)

S , Default
TextToFloat
bool TextToFloat(char * Buffer, void *Value,

TFloatValue ValueType)
Buffer Value ValueType (. TFloatValue
. 16.1.2.4)
, SysUtils.hpp, ValueType, fvExtended

Extended, fvCurrency Currency. TFIoatFormat,
. 16.1.2.4, FormatFloat, . 16.1.2.5,
, Format, . 16.1.2.3.
Args Args_Size - 1 . Args_Size Args TVarRec. , . 16.1.2.3.
Format:
A n s i S t r i n g s ,TVarRec Args[3]
(11,
%g
%f
F o r m a t ("%d
- l . l e + 0 8 ,
%0:10d
%lOg
0.00011);
%10.5f",
Arcjs,
2);
s, , Args,
. , 3, Format
2 , 1
. , , ,
, 1.
s
%d, %g, %f, ( ). %0:10d 0,
.
10, 5.

EXISTINGARRAY (. . 16.7.4):
s - Format ("%d %g %f %0:10d %10g %10 . 5f" ,EXISTINGARRA* (Args) ) ;
,
Format OPEN ARRAY
(. . 16.7.4):
s = F o r m a t ( " % d %g %f fc0:10d % 1 0 g % 1 0 . 5 f " ,
OPENARRAY(TVarRec,( 1 1 , - l . l e + 0 8 ,
0.00011)));
EConvertError. StrToIntDef,
.
FloatToDecimal Extended Currency ,
. Extended Precision 1 18.
Currency Precision , 19
.
Decimals . . , Precision Decimals . , Decimals
9999.
TFloatRec,
:
Exponent
. 1, Exponent , . NAN ( ), Exponent -32768. INF INF ( ), Exponent = 32767.
Negative
true,
false.
Digits
, 18 ( Extended) 19 ( Currency) .
. . ,
NAN INF, Digits .'
FloatToDecimal:
struct TFloatRec Result;
Extended Value = . . . ;
FloatToDecimal(Result, SValue,fvExtended,18, 999);
Value :
Value
Exponent
Negative
Digits
123.4567890123456789
false
123456789012345681
1234567890123156789
19
false
123456789012345679
true
123456789012345671
-0.001 2345671234 56789
16.3.2
asctime
/
char *asctime(const struct tm *tblock)
tm
time.h
ctime
char *ctime(const time_t *time)

time.h
time, time,
Date
System::TDateTime Date(void)

DateTimeToFileDate
SysUtils.hpp
int DateTimeToFileDate(
System::TDateTime DateTime)
DateTime DOS
SysUtils.hpp
DateTimeToStr System-AnsiString DateTimeToStr(

SysUtils.hpp
DateTime
DateTimeToString
void DateTimeToString(
SysUtils.hpp
System::AnsiString &Result,
DateTime Result Format
DateTimeToSystemTime
void DateTimeToSystemTime(
SysUtils.hpp
System::TDateTime DateTime,
_SYSTEMTIME &SystemTime)
DateTime TSystemTime,
API Windows
TTimeStamp DateTimeToTimeStamp(
SysUtils.hpp
DateTime TTimeStamp
DateTimeToTimeStamp
DateToStr
System::AnsiString DateToStr(
SysUtils.hpp
System::TDateTime Date)
Date
DayOfWeek
int DayOfWeek(System::TDateTime Date)

Date ( 1 7,
1 )
SysUtils.hpp
DecodeTime
void DecodeTime(System::TDateTime Time,

Word &Hour, Word &Min,
Word &Sec, Word &MSec)
Time Hour, Min, Sec, MSec
SysUtils.hpp
EncodeDate
SysUtils.hpp
TDateTime EncodeDate(Word Year,
Word Month, Word Day)
Year, Month Day
n TDateTime

EncodeTime
FormatDateTime
getdatc
/
TDateTime EncodeTime(Word Hour, Word Min,
Word Sec, Word MSec)
Hour, Min,
Sec MSec TDateTime
SysUtils hpp
System::AnsiString FormatDateTime(
SysUtils .hpp
DateTime Format
void getdate(struet date *datep)
dos.h
datep
gettime
void gettime(struct time *timep)

timcp
dos.h
gmtime
struct tm *gmtime(const time_t *timer)

timer,
time, tm
time.h
IncMonth
SysUtils.hpp
System::TDateTime IncMonth(
const System:: TDateTime Date,
int NumberOfMonths)
Date, NumberOfMonths
IsLeapYear
bool IsLeapYear(Word Year)

true, Year
Iocaltime
struct tm *localtime(const time_t *timcr)

time.h
timer, time, tnl
mktime
time_t mktime(struct tm *t)

time.h
tm
time t
MSccsToTimeStamp
TTinieStamp MSecsToTimeStamp(
SysUtils hpp
System::Comp MSecs)
MSecs TTinieStamp
SysUtils hpp
System::TDateTime Now(void)

Now
SysUtils.hpp
setdate
void setdate(struct date *datep)

datep ( )
dos.h
settime
void settime(struct time *timep)

timep
dos.h
stime
int stime(time_t *tp)

tp
time.h
SysUtils.hpp
System::TDateTime StrToDate(
S TDateTime
SysUtils.hpp
StrToDateTime System::TDateTime StrToDateTime(
S TDateTime
SysUtils.hpp
System::TDateTime StrToTime(
StrToTime
S TDateTime
SysUtils.hpp
SystemTimeTo- System::TDateTime SystemTimeToDateTime(
DateTime
const _SYSTBMTIMB &SystemTime)
TSystemTime, API Windows, TDateTime
StrToDate
time
time.h
time_t time(time_t *timer)
timer
( timer NULL)
Time
System::TDateTime Time(void)

TimeStampToDateTime
SysUtils.hpp
System::TDateTime TimeStampToDateTime(
const TTimeStamp &TimeStamp)
TTimeStamp TDateTime
SysUtils.hpp
System::Comp TimeStampToMSecs(
const TTimeStamp &TimeStamp)
64-
SysUtils.hpp
System::AnsiString TimeToStr(
System::TDateTime Time)

TimeStampToMSecs
TimeToStr
SysUtils.hpp
TDateTime, , , 0 12/30/1899, 24- , 12 . .. .

:
TDateTime
2.75
12/30/1899, 00
1/1/1900, 18
-1.25
12/29/1899, 6
35065
1/1/1996, 00
TTimeStamp. :
struct TTimeStamp
int Time;
int Date;
) ;
Date (.. 1 1 1). , TDateTime TTimeStamp . Time , 0 .
TDateTime .
, TDateTime.
TTimeStamp TDateTime
TimeStampToDateTime, DateTimeToTimeStamp. TimeStampToMSees 64-
, Date
Time.
, DOS.
, File Age, FileGetDate, FileSetDate, Time TSearchRec,. FindFirst FindNext. TDateTime DateTimeToFileDate.
, TSystemTime,
_SYSTEMTIME. API Windows.
TDateTime DateTimeToSystemTime, SystemTimeToDateTime.
DateTimeToString FormatDateTime , :
, ShortDateFormat, , LongTimeFormat. DateTime

0, .
(1-31).
dd
(01-31).
ddd
(-) ShortDayNames.
dddd
( )
LongDayNames.
ddddd
, ShortDateFormat.
dddddd
, LongDateFormat.
(1-12). m
h hh, .
mm
(01-12). mm
h hh, .
mmm
(-) ShortMonthNamcs.
(-) LongMonthNames.
(00-99).
(0000-9999).
(0-23).
hh
(00-23).
(0-59).
nn
(00-59).
(0-59).
ss
(00-59).
ShortTimeFormat.
tt
LongTimeFormat.
am/pm
12- am . , ^
.
a/p
12- .
, .
ampm
12- , TimeAMString TimePMString.
, DateSeparator.
, TimeScparator.
xx'/"xx" , , , ,
.
:
""
14.04.02 8:34:14
"d/m/yy h:n"
14.4.02 8:34
": d mmmm ., - dddd"
: 14 2002 ., -
,
DateToStr, TimeToStr, DateTimeToStr, .
StrToDate, StrToDateTime, StrToTime
, TDateTime.
StrToDate .
, , DatcSeparator. , ShortDateFormat. : m/d/y, d/m/y
y/m/d. , (m/d
d/m) . ( 0 99),
.
StrToTime ,
, ,
TimeSeparator: hh:mm:ss. . StrToDateTime , .
EConvertError.
dos.h date:
struct date(
int da year;
//
char da_day;
//
char da mon;
// (1 - }
};
, . .
D date :
include <dos.h>
struct date D;
getdate(&D);
: D.da_year, D.da_mon,
D.da_day.
:
struct time I
unsigned
unsigned
unsigned
unsigned
char
char
char
char
ti_min;
ti_hour;
ti_hund;
ti_sec;
//
//
//
//
};
time , 0
1 1970 . , , , ..,
ctime . :
Mon Nov 21 11:31:54 1983\\0
, .
, time,
gmtime ( ) localtime ( ) tm:
struct
int
int
int
int
int
int
int
int
int
I;
tm (
tm sectm mi n;
tm hour;
tnf mday;
tm' mon;
tm" year;
tm" wday;
tm yday;
tm isdst;
//
//
// (0 - 23)
// (1
// (0 - 111
-31)
// ( 1900)
// (0 - ; 0 -
// (0 - 365)
// 12-
asctimc. , :
time_t t = tirae(NULL);
s t r u c t tm * t t = l o c a l t i m e ( S t ) ;
char s [ 8 0 ] ;
strcpy(s, asctirae(tt));
tm, , time gmtimc, s. , , ctime .. .
16.3.3
Bounds
Windows::TRect Bounds(int ALeft, int ATop, Classes.hpp

int AWidth, int AHeight)
ALeft
AWidth AHeight TRect
CurrToFMTBCD bool CurrToFMTBCD(System::Currency Curr, DBCommon.hpp

Bde::FMTBcd &BCD, int Precision,
int Decimals)
Curr Bde::FMTBcd
FMTBCDToCurr bool FMTBCDToCurr(
DBCommon.hpp
const Bde::FMTBcd &BCD,
System::Currency &Curr)
BCD Currency
Point
TPoint Point(int AX, int AY)

AY TPoint
Rect
Windows::TRect Rcct(int ALeft, int ATop,

Classes.hpp
int ARight, int ABottom)
ALeft, ATop, ARight, ABottom
TRect
Classes.hpp
CurrToFMTBCD FMTBCDToCurr Currency Bde::FMTBcd,

BCD .
Bounds Rect TRect,
. .
. 17. Rect TRect , , ALeft, ATop, ARight, ABottom. Bounds TRect ALeft , AWidth AHeight.
C++Builder , ,
, BoundsRect, ClientRect . , Memol Panell, , 10 (
), 40 (,
):
Mfimnl-^BoundsRect
Rect(10,40,Panell->ClientWidth-10,
Panell->ClientHeiqht-10);
:
Memol->BoundsRect = Bounds (10,40,Panell->ClientWidth-20, )
Panell->ClientHeight-50) ;
Point TPoint,

. , . 17. TPoint TRect,
.
, Rect Point, a
TRect TPoint:
TRect R, Rl, R 3 ;
R = Rect (10, 100, 20,200) ;
Rl = R;
TPoint PI, P 2 ;
PI = Point(10, 100) ,
P2 = Point(10, 200) ,
R3 = TRect (PI, P2) ;
TRect R2(PI,
P2);
R.Left = 1 5 ;
i n t W = R. Width () ;
i f ( R l != R) . . .
16,4
16.4.1
/
ctype.h
_tolower
int _tolower(int ch)

( )
_toupper
ctype.h
int _toupper(int ch)

( )
isalnum
int isalnum(int )

ctype.h
isalpha
int isalpha(int )

int isascii(int )

int iscntrl(int )

int isdigit(int )

ctype.h
isascii
iscntrl
isdiglt
isgraph

ctype.h
ASCII
ctype.h

ctype.h

iiil U|(rapli(int )
MiiNjior ( )
ctype.h

islower
/
|
int islower(int c)
ctype.h

isprint
int isprint(int )
( )
ctype.h
ispunct
int ispunct(int )
( , , , )
ctype.h
isspace
int isspace(int )
(, , )
ctype.h
isupper
int isupper(int c)

ctype.h
iswalnum
int iswalnum(wint_t )

ctype.h
iswalpha
int iswalpha(wint_t )

ctype.h
iswascii
int iswascii(wint_t )
ASCII
ctype.h
iswcntrl
int iswcntrl (wint_t )

ctype.h
iswdigit
int iswdigit(wint_t c)

ctype.h
iswgraph
int iswgraph(wint_t )
( )
ctype.h
iswlower
int iswlower(wint_t )

ctype.h
iswprint
int iswprint(wint_t )
( )
ctype.h
iswpunet
int iswpunct(wint_t c)
( , , , )
ctype.h
iswspace | int iswspace(wint_t )

(, , )
ctype.h
iswupper
int iswupper(wmt_t )

ctype.h
iswxdigit
int iswxdigit(wint_t )

ctype.h
isxdigit
int isxdlgit(int c)

toascii
int toascii(int )
ASCII (
, 7 ) 0 127)
ctype.h
tolower
int tolower(int ch)

,
ctype.h
toupper
int toupper(int ch)

,
ctype.h
towlower
int towlower(wint_t ch)

,
ctype.h
towupper int towupper(wint_t ch)

,
ctype.h
ctype.h
, ,
, .
(. . 16.4.2.2 16.4.2.3): , . ,
Key = A n s i U p p e r C a s e ( K e y ) [ 1 ] ;
Key char .
16.4.2
16.4.2.1
/
""~"
mem.h
memccpy
void *memccpy(void *dest, const void *src, int c, size_t n)

src dest,
; dest
memchr
mem.h
void *memchr(const void *s, int c, size_t n)
s; , NULL
mem.h
int memcmp(const void *sl, const void *s2, size_t n)
n si s2; < 0
s i < s2, = 0 s i = s2, > 0 s i > s2
mem.h
void *memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n)
n src dest; src dest |> (. memmove); dest
memcmp
memcpy
1|
memicmp int memicmp(const void *sl, const void *s2, size_t n)

mem.h
, ( ),
si s2; < 0 si < s2, = 0 si = s2, > 0
si > s2
memmovc void *memmove(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n)
mem.h
src dest; src dest (. memcpy); dest
memsct
void *memset(void *s, int c, size_t n)

s ; s
mem.h
aetmem
void setmem(void *dest, unsigned length, char value)

dest length value
mem.h
, , , .
16.4.2.2
AnsiStrComp
int AnsiStrComp(char * SI, char * S2)

SysUtils.hpp
S I H S2 ; < 0 Sl< S2, = 0 Sl= S2, > 0 Sl> S2
SysUtils.hpp
int AnsiStrIComp(char * SI, char * S2)
S I H S2 ; < 0 Sl< S2, = 0 Sl= S2, > 0 Sl> S2
int AnsiStrLComp(char * SI, char * S2,
SysUtils.hpp
Cardinal MaxLen)
MaxLen S I H S2; < 0 Sl< S2, = 0 Sl= S2, > 0 Sl> S2
AnsiStrIComp
AnsiStrLComp
AnsiStrLlComp
int AnsiStrLIComp(char * SI, char * S2,

SysUtils.hpp
Cardinal MaxLen)
MaxLen 1 S2
; < 0 Sl< S2, = 0
Sl= S2, > 0 Sl> S2
AnsiStrLower
char * AnsiStrLower(char * Str)

,
.
SysUtils.hpp
AnsiStrPos char * AnsiStrPos(char * Str, char * SubStr)

SubStr
Str NULL
SysUtils.hpp
AnsiStrRScan
SysUtils.hpp
char * AnsiStrRScan(char * Str, char Chr)

Chr Str NULL
AnsiStrScan
char * AnsiStrScan(char * Str, char Chr)

Chr Str NULL
SysUtils.hpp
AnsiStrUpper
char * AnsiStrUpper(char * Str)

,

SysUtils.hpp
CompareStr
SysUtils.hpp
int CompareStr(const System::AnsiString SI,
const System::AnsiString S2)
Sin S2 ; < 0 S l < S2, = 0 S l = S2, > 0 S l > S2
CompareText
SysUtils.hpp
int CompareText(const System::AnsiString SI,
Sin S2 ; < 0 S l < S2, = 0 Sl= S2, > 0 Sl> S2
Line Start
char * LineStart(char * Buffer, char * BufPos)

Buffer, BufPos
SysUtils.hpp
StrAlloc
char * StrAlloc(Cardinal Size)

Size - 1 ;
StrDispose
SysUtils.hpp
StrBufSize
Cardinal StrBufSize(char * Str)

,
StrAlloc
Str
SysUtils.hpp
strcat
char *strcat(char *dest, const char *src)

string.h
src dest;
StrCat
char * StrCat(char * Dest, char * Source)

Source Dest;
SysUtils.hpp
strchr
char *strchr(const char * s, int c)

s,
NULL
string.h
strcmp
int strcmp(const char *sl, const char *s2)

string.h
si s2; < 0 si < s2,
= 0 s i = s2, > 0 s i > s2
strcmpi
int strcmpi(const char *sl, const char *s2)

To , stricmp: si s2
( ); < 0
si < s2, = 0 s i = s2, > 0 si > s2
string.h
I StrComp
int StrComp(char * Strl, char * Str2)
SysUtils.hpp
S I H S2 ( AnsiStrComp); < 0 Sl< S2, = 0 S I - S2, > 0 Sl> S2

StrCopy
char * StrCopy(char * Dest, char * Source)
SysUtils.hpp
Source Dest Dest

strcpy
char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src)
string.h
src dest; dest

strcspn
size_t strcspn(const char *sl, const char *s2)
string.h
si, s2
strdup
char *strdup(const char *s)

s;
string.h
StrECopy
char * StrECopy(char * Dest, char * Source)

Source Dest
Dest
SysUtils.hpp
StrEnd
char * StrEnd(char * Str)
SysUtils.hpp

Str
strerror
char *strerror(int errnum)

string.h
errnum
stricmp
string.h
int stricmp(const char *sl, const char *s2)
To , strcmpi: si s2 ( ); < 0 si < s2,
= 0 si = s2, > 0 si > s2
StrlComp
int StrIComp(char * Strl, char * Str2)
SysUtils.hpp
S I H S2 ( AnsiStrlComp);
< 0 Sl< S2, = 0 Sl= S2, > Opi^Sl> S2
StrLCat
char * StrLCat(char * Dest, char * Source,

SysUtils.hpp
Cardinal MaxLen)
MaxLen Source Dest Dest
StrLComp
int StrLComp(char * Strl, char * Str2,

SysUtils.hpp
Cardinal MaxLen)
MaxLen S I H S2 (
AnsiStrLComp); < 0 Sl< S2, = 0
Sl= S2, > 0 Sl> S2
StrLCopy
SysUtils.hpp
char * StrLCopy(char * Dest, char * Source,
Cardinal MaxLen)
MaxLen Sonrce Dest Dest
strlen
size_t strlen(const char *s)

s,

StrLen
SysUtils.hpp
Cardinal StrLen(char * Str)
Str,
string.h
SysUtils.hpp
StrLIComp int StrLIComp(char * Strl, char * Str2,
Cardinal MaxLen)
MaxLen S I H S2
(
AnsiStrLIComp); < 0 S l < S2, = 0
S l = S2, > 0 S l > S2
StrLower
char * StrLower(char * Str)

SysUtils.hpp
,
( AnsiStrLower)
strlwr
char *strlwr(char *s)

s ( )
StrMove
SysUtils.hpp
char * StrMove(char * Dest, char * Source,
Cardinal Count)
Count Source Dest Dest; Source Dest
strncat
char *strncat(char *dest, const char *src,

string.h
size_t maxlen)
maxlen src dest ; dest
strncmp
int strncmp(const char *sl, const char *s2,

string.h
size__t maxlen)
maxlen si s2; < 0 s i < s2, = 0 si = s2, > 0 si > s2
strncmpi
int strncmpi(const char *sl, const char *s2, size_t nX string.h

To , strhicmp: maxlen
si s2 ( ); < 0 si < s2, = 0 si = s2, > 0 si > s2
etrncpy
stdio.h
char *strncpy(char *dest, const char *src,
size_t maxlen)
maxlen src dest; .- dest
string.h
StrNew
char * StrNew(char * Str)

Str
SysUtils.hpp
strnicmp
string.h
int strnicmp(const char *sl, const char *s2,
size_t maxlen)
To , stmcmpi: maxlen
si s2 ( ); < 0 si < s2, = 0 si = s2, > 0 si > s2
strnset
char *strnset(char *s, int ch, size_t n)

ch s
strpbrk
string.h
char *strpbrk(const char *sl, const char *s2)
si s2 NULL
SysUtils.hpp
char * StrPCopy(char * Dest,
const System: :AnsiString Source)
Source Dest Dest
StrPCopy
StrPLCopy char * StrPLCopy(char * Dest,

const System::AnsiString Source, Cardinal MaxLen)
MaxLen Source Dest
Dest
string.h
SysUtils.hpp
StrPos
char * StrPos(char * Strl, char * Str2)

SysUtils.hpp
Str2 Strl
NULL
Strrchr
char *strrchr(const char *s, int c)

s
NULL
strrev
char *strrev(char *s)

string.h
() s
char * StrRScan(char * Str, char Chr)

SysUtils.hpp
Chr Str
NULL
StrRScan
string.h
StrScan
char * StrScan(char * Str, char Chr)

Chr Str
NULL
SysUtils.hpp
strset
char *strset(char *s, int ch);

s ch
string.h
strspn
size_t strspn(const char *sl, const char *s2)

si, s2 ( )
string.h

strstr
strtok
StrUpper
strupr
/
char *strstr(const char *sl, const char *s2)
s2
si NULL
char *strtok(char *sl, const char *s2)
s2
si si;
char * StrUpper(char * Str)
,
( AnsiStrUpper);
char *strupr(char *s)
s ( )
string.h
string.h
SysUtils.hpp
string.h
string.h, (strcmpi, stricmp,

Btrlwr, strncmpi, strnicmp, strupr), , . SysUtils.hpp.
.
, , , . .
strcat , , , .
,
. strcat, . strcpy , ,
,
. strstr . strcat,
strcpy, strstr strlen . 14, . 14.4.1.
strtok, .
si
, s2. , , .. si .
si.
strtok, NULL. si ( s2
), s2,
. , .
.
char s [ 8 0 ] , *;
= s t r t o M s , " , .") ;
if (p) Memol->Llnes->Add(p);
while(p)
(
- - ,,k ( N U L L ,
if
tin
"
, . ; ") ;
M<nn<;l ->I.ine.i->Add (p) ;
s -: , , .
Memol. ,
s , .,
Memol :
strtok ,
:

LineStart Buffer
BufPos \. ,
, .
BufPos , 1 , .. \ ,
Buffer. ,
char *Buf = " \ \ ",
* = StrEnd(Buf);
do .
(
P=LineStart(Buf, P-l) ;
) while(P != Buf);
, , Buf.
16.4.2.3 AnsiString
System::AnsiString AdjustLineBreaks(
SysUtils.hpp
AdjustLineBreaks
S CR/LF
Unix
Ansiint AnsiCompareStr(const System::AnsiString SI,
SysUtils.hpp
CompareStr
S I H S2 ; < 0 Sl< S2, = 0 S l = S2, > 0 Sl> S2
AnsiCompareText
int AnsiCompareText(const System::AnsiString SI, SysUtils.hpp

S I H S2 ; < 0 Sl< S2, = 0 Sl= S2, > 0 Sl> S2
AnsiExtractQuotedStr
System::AnsiS tring AnsiExtractQuotedStr(

SysUtils.hpp
char * &Src, char Quote)
Src
, Quote,

|
SysUtils.hpp
AnsiLower- System::AnsiString AnsiLowerCase(

Case
S, ( )
SysUtils.hpp
int AnsiPos(const System::AnsiString Substr,
AnsiPos
Substr S
0
SysUtils.hpp
AnsiSystem::AnsiString AnsiQuotedStr(
QuotedStr
const System::AnsiString S, char Quote)
S
, Quote,

SysUtils.hpp
AnsiUpper- System::AnsiString AnsiUpperCase(
Case
S, . ( )
IsDelimiter bool IsDelimiter(const System::AnsiString Delimiters, SysUtils.hpp
const System::AnsiString S, int Index)
, Index
S ,
Delimiters
SysUtils.hpp
IsPathbool IsPathDelimiter(const System::AnsiString S,
Delimiter
int Index);
, Index
S '\',

int LastDelimiter(
SysUtils.hpp
LastDelimiter
const System::AnsiString Delimiters,

S , Delimiters
LowerCase
QuotedStr
System::AnsiString LowerCase(
SysUtils.hpp
S, ( AnsiLowerCase)
SysUtils.hpp
System::AnsiString QuotedStr(
S

(
AnsiQuotedStr)

StringReplace
SysUtils.hpp
System::AnsiString StringReplace(
const System:.-AnsiString S,
const System::AnsiString OldPattern,
const System::AnsiString NewPattern,
TRepIaceFlags Flags)
S OldPattern
NewPattern; Flags
Trim
System::AnsiString Trim(const System::AnsiString S) SysUtils.hpp

S
TrimLeft
SysUtils.hpp
System::AnsiString TrimLeft(
S

TrimRight
System::AnsiString TrimRight(
SysUtils.hpp
S
Uppercase
SysUtils.hpp
System::AnsiString UpperCase(
S, ( AnsiUpperCase)
System::AnsiString WrapText(
SysUtils.hpp
const System::AnsiString Line,
const System::AnsiString BreakStr,
const TSysCharSet &BreakChars,
int MaxCol)
Line,
MaxCol BreakStr
BreakChars
WrapText
, , . 17 AnsiString. AnsiString.
, AnsiString, ,
, , char *.
.
IsDelimiter IsPathDelimiter 1 ( C++Builder). 1 , 2 ..
IsDelimiter
- . ,
AnsiString S, Delimiters;
Delimiters = " ' " ;
S =
f o r ( i n t i = 1; i <= S t r L e n ( S . c s t r ( ) ) ;
i++)
i L (I:; Delimiter (Delimiters, S, i) )

S [ i ] = ;
S .
Delimiters . . , :
AnsiString S, Delimiters;
Delimiters = "12345689";
S = ...;
f o r d n t i = 1; i <= StrLen (S.c_str () ) ; i++)
if(IsDelimiter(Delimiters,S,i))
S[i] -= 1;
, 0, 1.
StringReplace S OldPattern
NewPattern. Flags rfRepIaceAH,
OldPattern. Flags
rflgnoreCase, . ,
SI = StringReplace(S, OldPattern, NewPattern,
TReplaceFlags()<<rfReplaceAll);
SI S OldPattern
NewPattern.
WrapText Line . , BreakStr. MaxCol .
BreakStr ,
BreakChars.
, MaxCol.
BreakChars ,
MaxCol. ,
TSysCharSet b c h a r s ;
b c h a r s << ' ' << ' . ' << ', ' << ' ; , ' << ' + ' ' - ' ;
A n s i S t r i n g S, S I ;
S = ...;
SI = WrapText(S, " \ n \ r " , b c h a r s , 10);
SI S, 10 ,
. S : ,
+ ., :
" "
" "
" "
" ,"
"
" "
"- "
" +"
" -."
, 11 , ,
.. .
,
. .
16.5
16.5.1 ,
, dos.h:
FA RDONLY
FA HIDDEN
FA_SYSTEM
FA LABEL
FA DIREC
FA_ARCH
. 16.5.6.
(|).
( fcntl.h):
O_RDONLY
O_WRONLY
RDWR
O_CREAT
O_TRUNC
, 0
O_BINARY
O_TEXT
O_NOINHERIT
0 NDELAY
, UNIX
O_APPEND
O_CREA
, ,
, mode, ,
O_EXCL
O_CREA , ,
,
mode (
sysXstat.h):
S_IWRITE
S_IREAD
S_IREAD | S_IWRITE
( share.h):
. (, SH_COMPAT | SH_DENWR). ,
, SH_DENWR

(
SH_DENYNO
SH DENYNONE )
SH_DENYNONE .
, SH_COMPAT
, SHJDENYRD

SH DENYRW

SH_COMPAT
(|).
SHMDENYRD, SH_DENYNO 1.
, ( SysUtils.hpp):

fmOpenRead
fmOpenWrite
fmOpenRead Write
fmShareCompat
fmShareExclusive
$0000
$0001
$0002
$0000
$0010
fmShareDeny Write $0020

fmShareDenyRead
$0030
finShareDenyNone
$0040

FCB

C++ (stream),
.
C++Builder .
, ()
FILE, stdio.h, . (handle) ,
.

:
stdin
stdout
stdcrr
1
2
.
, ,
Windows.
16.5.2 ,
FILE
, FILE, .
_fdopen
/
stdio.h
FILE *_fdopen(int handle, char * mode)
handle, mode, FILE NULL
_fileno
int _fileno(FILE *stream)

stream
int _flushall(void)
, ;
_fluahall
stdio.h
stdio.h
_fsopen
stdio.h,
FILE *_fsopen(const char ^filename, const char *mode,
f'xare.h
int shflag)
filename , shflag mode;
FILE NULL
fclose
int fclose(FILE stream)

stream
stdio.h
fflush
int fflush(FILE *stream)

stream,
; 0 EOF
stdio.h
fopen
FILE *fopen(const char ^filename, const char *mode)

filename mode
FILE NULL
stdio.h
freopen
stdio.h
FILE *freopen(const char *filename, const char *mode,
FILE *stream)
stream filename mode FILE NULL
stdio.h
void setbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf)
buf stream
setbuf
setvbuf
int setvbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf, int type, size_t size)

buf size stream

stdio.h
tmpfile
FILE *tmpfile(void)

FILE NULL
stdio.h
fopen, filename. mode , . :
; ,
W+
;
,
+ t , , . , rt, rb, r+t, r+b .. t, ,

_fmode,
fcntl.h. _ ( ) O_BINARY .
, fopen
FILE. , NULL. :
FILE * F ;
if ((F = f o p e n ( " T e s t . t x t " , " r t " ) ) == NULL)
1
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
, , .
.
fseek rewind, . 16.5.4. , :
() () fseek rewind
in' MHIU.IM fscck rewind
-
_fsopen filename , shflag mode. , shflag, . . 16.5.1. mode

fopen.
DOS SHARE.EXE.
freopen stream
filename mode. fopen ,
stream . , ,
. ,
FILE *F = freopenCoutput.txt",
"wt",
stdout);
stdout output. txU. stdout .

_fdopen , ( . . 16.5.3), FILE. ,
FILE * stream = fdopen(handle,
"w");
handle stream.
,
FILE, _fileno.
Test.txt .
FILE *stream;
i n t handle;
stream = fopen ("Test. i x t " ,
handle - _tileno(stream);
fclose(stream);
''v'M;
//
//
/ /
, ..
, , .
, ,
fflush _flushall. , . ,
, .
.
.
setbuf setvbuf.
setbuf buf NULL,
. ,
, . buf
,
stream .
BUFSIZ, stdio.h. :
char outbuf[BUFSIZ];
setbuf(F, outbuf);
setbuf
fseek (. . 16.5.4),
. setbuf
.
setvbuf
. buf = NULL
.1 malloc
1- size. .
.
UINTJVfAX, limits.h.
type :
IOFBF
. , . ,
.
IOLBF
. ,
, , .

, .
IONBF
/. buf size .
setvbuf .
, fopen freopen, fclose. .
setbuf setvbuf buf NULL, .
tmpfile
(w+b) FILE. NULL.
, .
, FILE,
. . 14, . 14.9.2.
16.53 ,

.
_creat
int _creat(const char *path, int mode)

mode; -1
int _rtl_close(int handle)
handle
io.h,
sys\stat.h
_rtl_close
io.h
_rtl_creat
int _rtl_creat(const char *path, int attrib)

io.h, dos.h

path attrib; -1
_rtl_open
int _rtl_open(const char ^filename, int oflags)

io.h, dos.h
filename oflags; -1
/
int _sopen(char *path, int access, int shflag [,
_sopen
int mode])
path , access, shflag, mode; 1
close
int close(int handle)
handle
creatnew
int creatnew(const char *path, int attrib)
_rtl_creat, ,
creattemp int creattemp(char *path, int attrib)

attrib path
dop
int dup(int handle)
handle
dup2
int dup2(int oldhandle, int newhandle)
newhandle oldhandle
void FileClose(int Handle)
FileClose
Handle
FileCreate int FileCreate(const System::AnsiString FileName)
FileName -1
int FileOpen(const System::AnsiString FileName,
FileOpen
int Mode)
FileName Mode -1
int lock(int handle, long offset, long length)
lock
handle length ,
offset
int locking(int handle, int cmd, long length)
locking
handle length
,

setmode
int setmode(int handle, int amode)
amode
handle:
O_BINARY , OJTEXT
unsigned umask(unsigned mode)
umask
/ mode, open creat:
S_IWRITE, S_IREAD SJREAD | S_IWRITE;

fcntl.h,
sys\stat.h,
share.h, io.h,
stdio.h
io.h
io.h, dos.h
io.h, dos.h
io.h
io.h
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
io.h
io.h,
sys\locking.h
io.h
io.h
unlock
int unlock(int handle, long offset, long length)

handle length , offset,
io.h
_creat mode. path . , _fmode _

O_BINARY. ,
0.
, _creat , .
, , mode,
, sys\stat.h .
16.5.1.
.
- 1 , (. . 16.1.3.1) EACCES, ENOENT, EMFILE.
_creat _rtl_creat. _creat, attrib (|) : FA_RDONLY , FA_HIDDEN , FA_SYSTEM ( . . 16-5.1).
creatnew _rtl_creat , ,
1 , .
_rtl_open filename
oflags. .
16.5.1.
. 1,
(. . 16.1.3.1) EINVACC, EACCES,
ENOENT, EMFILE.
_sopen path , access, shflag, mode. access _...
, . 16.5.1. O_CREA,
mode (. . 16.5.1). shflag . . 16.5.1.
. - 1 , (. . 16.1.3.1) EINVACC, EACCES, ENOENT, EMFILE.
creattemp attrib path. , _fmode (O_TEXT O_BINARY). attrib
FA_HIDDEN,
FA_RDONLY FA_SYSTEM (. . 16.5.1).
, HANDLE_MAX.
close, _rtl_close FileClose , crcat, creatnew, creattemp, dup, dup2, open, _rtl_creat, _rtl_open, FileOpen.
:>
Clrl-/. , .
0. -1 (. . 16.1.3.1) EBADF.
, , , :
int hout = cpon("output.txt", O_CREAT I O^WRONLY,S_IWRITE);
close(hout);
,
int handle;
if ((handle = open ("Test.txt", O_CREAT I 0 TEXT)) == -1)
{
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
close (handle);
, ( open
-1) .
FileOpen, FileCreate FileClose , . FileOpen Mode,.3aflaBaeMOM fmShare (. . 16.5.1).
FileRead.
FileWrite, FileSeek, . 16.5.4.

lock, unlock, locking.
DOS SHARE.EXF.
locking cmd:
LK_LOCK
. , , , 10 .
LK RLCK
LK NBLCK
, LK_LOCK.
. ,
.
LK NBRLCK , LK NBLCK.
LK UNLCK
0.
- 1 , (. . 16.1.3.1) EACCES
EBADF, EDEADLOCK ,
10 ( cmd LK_LOCK LK_RLCK), EINVAL cmd SHARE.EXE.
dup dup2 .
dup () handle.
,
, ( , , ) i
. (,
. .
dup2 -, dup newhandlc
'i oldhandle. dup dup2 , ,

. ,
i n t h o u t = open ( " o u t p u t . t x t " , _ I O_WP.OMLY, S_IWRITE) ;
dup2(hout,1) ;
"
~
stdout ( 1
. . 16.5.1) output.txt.
16.5.4 /
_fgetchar
int _fgetchar(void)
stdin
stdio.h
_fputchar int _fputchar(int )

stdout, , fputc(c,
stdout); EOF
stdio.h
_getw
int _getw(FILE *stream)

stream
stdio.h
cgets
char *cgets(char *str)

conio.h
clearerr
void clearerr(FILE *stream)

stream
stdio.h
cprintf
int cprintf(const char *format [, argument, ...]

argument no
format (. . 16.1.2.1)
conio.h
cputs
int cputs(const char *str)

conio.h
;
cscanf
conio.h
int cscanf(char *format [, address, ...])
argument format;
EOF
eof
int eof (int handle)

io.h
0 (),
handle
feof
int feof(FILE *stream)

0 ()
stream
stdio.h
ferror
int ferror(FILE *stream)

/ stream
0
stdio.li
fgctc
int fgctc(FILE *stream)

stdio.h
;) stream
(!<- /
i

i'Kftpos
int l'fjctpos(FILE *stream, fpbs_t *pos)
pos stream;

fgets
char *fgets(ehar *s, int n, FILE *stream)
s stream
FileRead int FileRead(int Handle, void *Buffer, int Count)
Handle,
FileOpen FileCreate, Count
Buffer; -1
stdio.h
stdio.h
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
int FHeSeek(int Handle, int Offset, int Origin)
Handle,
FileOpen FileCreate,
Offset Origin; 0

FileWrite int FileWrite(int Handle, const void Buffer, int Count) SysUtils.hpp
Handle,
FileOpen FileCreate, Count
Buffer;
-1
FileSeek
fprintf
fputc
fputs
fread
fscanf
fseek
int fprintf(FILE stream, const char *format [,

stdio.h
argument, ...])
stream argument
format; EOF
int fputc(int , FILE *stream)
stdio.h
stream
int fputs(const char *s, FILE *stream)
s stream; EOF
stdio.h
size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t n,

stdio.h
FILE *stream)
stream ptr n size ;
(n * size)
int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format [,
stdio.h
address, ...])
stream
argument format; EOF
int fseek(FILE *stream, long offset, int fromwhere)
stdio.h
stream offset
! fromwhere; 0
|
ftell
fwrite
getc
stdio.h
int Cs(4po!(Fll.K *lrruin, const fpos_t *pos)
. stream pos
stdio.h
long int ftcll(FILK *stroain)
stream
(' / -
size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t n,

stdio.h
FILE *stream)
ptr stream n size ;
(n * size)
int getc(FILE *stream)

stream
stdio.h
getch
int getch(void)

conio.h
getchar
int getchar(void)
stdin; , getc(stdin)
stdio.h
getche
int getche(void)

conio.h
getpass
char *getpass(const char *prompt)

prompt;

conio.h
gets
char *gets(char *&)

stdin
int kbhit(void)
;

stdio.h
kbhit
conio.h
lseek
long lseek(int handle, long offset, int fromwhere)

io.h
handle
offset fromwhere;

perror
void perror(const char *s)

s
printf
int printf(const char *format [, argument, ...])

stdio.h
stdout argument format (. . 16.1.2.1)
puto
piilch
] int putc(int , FILE *stream)

stream
int putch(int )

stdio.h
stdio.h
conio.h
:]

putchar
int putchar(int c)
, stdout;
putc(c,stdout)
stdiu.h
puts
int puts(const char *s)

s stdout
stdio.h
puttext
int puttext(int left, int top, int right, int bottom,

void *source)
source
left, top, right, bottom
conio.h
putw
int _putw(int w, FILE *stream)

stream w
stdio.h
read
int read(int handle, void *buf, unsigned len)

handle buf
len
io.h
scanf
int scanf(const char *format [, address, ...])

stdin
argument format (. .
16.1.2.2)
stdio.h
sprintf
int sprintf(char *buffer, const char *format [,

conio.h
argument, ...])
buffer argument
format (. . 16.1.2.1)
sscanf
int sscanf(const char *buffer, const char *format

[, address, ...])
buffer
argument format
tell
long tell(int handle)

io.h

handle
ungetc
int ungetc(int , FILE *stream)

ch stream,

ungetch
int ungetch(int ch)

conio.h
ch ,
vfprintf
int vfprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format,

stdio.h
va_list arglist)
stream arglist no
format (. . 16.1.2.1)
conio.h
stdio.h
/
vfm auf
int vfscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format,
va_list arglist)
stream arglist format (. . 16.1.2.2)
vprintf
int vprintf(const char *format, va_list arglist)
stdout arglist format (. . 16.1.2.1)
int vscanf(const char *format, va_list arglist)
vscanf
stdin arglist format (. . 16.1.2.2)
vsprintf
vsscanf
write
stdio.h
stdarg.h
stdarg.h
stdarg.h
int vsprintf(char *buffer, const char *format,
va_list arglist)
buffer arglist no
format (. . 16.1.2.1)
stdarg.h
int vsscanf(const char *buffer, const char *format,
va_list arglist)
buffer arglist format (. . 16.1.2.2)
io.h
int write(int handle, void *buf, unsigned len)
handle buf
len
scanf
printf .
printf, sprintf, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf . . 16.1.2.1.
EOF .
fscanf, scanf, cscanf, sscanf, vfscanf, vscanf, vsscanf
. . 16.1.2.2. .
, ,
EOF. , ,
, . :
FILE * F ;
if ( ( F = f o p e n ( " T e s t 2 . t x t " , " r t " ) ) == NULL)
(
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
int. il, i2;

Hnuble r;
it (fscanf(F, "%d%d%le", Sil, Si2, Sr)
:;howMessage (" ");
3)
vt'printf vfseanf va_list, stdarg.h (. . 16.7.4).

, .
:
include
#include
FILE
<stdio,h>
<stdarg.h>
*fp;
void p r ( c h a r
^format,
...)
fp = tmpf i l e () ;
if (fp -= NULL)
(
ShowMessage(" ");
exi t (1) ;
)
v a _ l i s t ;
int arg;
v a _ s t a r t ( a p , format);
arg = v f p r i n t f t f p , format, ap) ;
va end (ap) ;
}
, , :
pr("%d
id
Id",
10,
20,
30);
getchar, _fgetchar, cgets, cprintf, _fputchar, putch, puttext, getch,

getche, cputs, getpass, cscanf, kbhit, ungetc, ungetch, vprintf, vscanf Win32.
Win32
scanf, gets stdin,
printf, putchar, puts stdout.
getchar, _fgetchar, getc, fgetc , .
getchar, _fgetchar, getc, gets, fgets, fgetc, fputc EOF.
getc, fgetc, getchar .
getc 1, .
_getw , . () . putw, puts .
EOF. EOF
,
feof ferror.
gets ,
, .
fgets , ,
.
puttext, ,
, source, left, top, right, bottom. (1,1). 2 ,
, . 0 .
(seek Iscuk offset fromwhere. TCKCTOIIOI-O offset 0 - , ftell.

froinwherc, ,
offset. (! :
SKKK_SET
SEKK_CUR
SEEK END
|
1
0 .
FileRead, FileWrite FileSeek ,
FileOpen FileCreate.
16.5.5
_mktemp
/
char *_mktemp(char *template)
, template ,

ChangeFile- System::AnsiString ChangeFileExt(
Ext
const System::AhsiString FileName,
const System::AnsiString Extension)
FileName
Extension;
ExpandFile- System::AnsiString ExpandFileName(
const System::AnsiString FileName)
Name
FileName,
;
ExpandUNC- System::AnsiString ExpandUNCFileName(
FileName
FileName,
UNC: "\\<servername> \<sharename>",
ExtractFile- System::AnsiString ExtractFileDir(
Dir
FileName
ExtractFile- System::AnsiString ExtractFileDrive(
Drive
FileName (,
":") UNC: "\\<servername>\<sharename>",
dir.h
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
ExtractFileExt
SysUtils.hpp
System::AnsiString ExtractFileExt(
const Systein::AnsiString FileName)
FileName
ExtractFileName
SysUtils.hpp
System::AnsiString ExtractFileName(
const System::AnsiString FileNanie)
, FileName,
..
ExtractFilePath
System::AnsiString ExtractFilePath(
SysUtils.hpp
const System::AnsiString FileName) n
, FileName,
,
ExtractRelativePath
System::AnsiString ExtractRelativePath(
const System-AnsiString BaseName,
const System::AnsiString DestName)
DestName
BaseName, "..\"
ExtractShort- System::AnsiString ExtractShortPathName(
PathName
FileName, 8.3
MatchesMask bool MatchesMask(
const System::AnsiString Filename,
const System::AnsiString Mask)
Filename Mask
System::AnsiString MinimizeName(
Minimizeconst System:: AnsiString Filename,
Name
Graphics::TCanvas * Canvas, int MaxLen)
Filename,
, Canvas MaxLen
void ProcessPath(const System::AnsiString EditText,
ProcessPath
char &Drive, System::AnsiString &DirPart,
System::AnsiString &FilePart)
EditText Drive, DirPart FilePart
char *tmpnam(char *s)
tmpnam
,

SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
Masks.hpp
filectrl.hpp
filectrl.hpp
stdio.h
( tmpnam _mktemp) AnsiString

(. . 17), FileName.
. FileName , ExtractFile... .
,
. :
" : \\ Prog FilesWBcb . "
ExtractFileDir ,
CreateDir, GetCurrentDir, RemoveDir, SetCurrcntDir
(. . 16.5.6).
ExtractShortPathName FileName, 8.3. ,
: \Program Files\Borland\CBuilder\Bin\Bcb. <?

:\Progra-l\Borland\CBuilder\Bin\Bcb.exe
MatchesMask Filename Mask.

- , , "*" "?" . . [ ]. <>-<>. ,
"-". "!", , .
:.1 . MatchesMask true,
llcnaiiie , false, . ,
[ .1 -b] : \ \ t e s t \ \ * . *"
, : :
Bi test.
MinimizeName Filename, , Canvas MaxLen . . ,
-ll->Caption = MiniraizeName (" : W P r o g r a m F i l e s W B c b . e x e " ,
Labell->Canvas, 100);
[>||>1|( Labell :
...\Bcb.exe
'1' tmpnam _mktemp ,
. .
tmpnam _ = 65 535 v . s NULL,
ii.in;iTb L_tmpnam ( ! .i stdio.h). NULL, tmpnam |||- .
Kevin , tmpnam
II mktemp, I' ill. .
S 6
>> in.
Idcwd
char * _getdcwd(int drive, char *buffer, int buflen) direct.h

buffer buflen
drive (0 , 1
..); buffer NULL;
buffer - NULL

rmdir
/
int _rmdir(const char *path)
path (,
); 0 -1
"
dir.h
rtl chmod
io.h, dos.h
int _rtl_chmod(const char *path, int func [,
int attrib])
func = 0 , func = 1
attrib
unlink
int _unlink(const char "filename)

filename;
-1
waccess
int _waccess(const wchar_t *filename, int amode) io.h

, filename ; amode
wrtl chmod
int _wrtl_chmod(const wchar_t *path, int func, ...) io.h, dos.h

func = 0 , func = 1
attrib
io.h
access
int access(const char *filename, int amode)

, filename ; amode
io.h
chdir
int chdir(const char *path)

path ; 0 -1
dir.h
chmod
int chmod(const char *path, int amode)

amode path;
0 - 1 ; amode
S_IWRITE S_IREAD
io.h
chsize
int chsize(int handle, long size)

io.h
handle,
, size ;
-1
CreateDir
bool CreateDir(const System::AnsiString Dir)

Dir true
SysUtils.hpp
DeleteFile
bool DeleteFile(const System::AnsiString FileName)

FileName
true
SysUtils.hpp
DirectoryExists
bool DirectoryExists(
const System;:AnsiString Name)
, Name
SysUtils.hpp

DiskFrec
DiskSizc
FilcAge
FileDateToDateTime
FileExists
FileGetAttr
FileGetDate
filelength
FileSearch
FileSetAttr
FileSetDate
FindClose
/ Oiiu<int DUkFrw(Iiytr Drive)

)>
Drive 1, Drive (Drive --=0
, 1 , 2 ..)
int DiskSize(Byte Drive)
Drive - 1 ,
Drive (Drive =0
, 1 , 2 ..)
int FileAge(const System::AnsiString FileName)
FileName
- 1 ,
System::TDateTime
FileDateToDateTime(int FileDate)
TDateTime
FileDate, DOS
bool FileExists(const Systcm::AnsiString FileName)
, FileName
int FiIeGetAttr(const System::AnsiString FileName)
FileName
int FileGetDate(int Handle)

Handle 1,
long filelength(int handle)

handle; -1
System::AnsiString FileScarch(
const System:: AnsiString Name,
const System::AnsiString DirList)
DirList Name;
int FileSetAttr(const System::AnsiString FileName,
int Attr)
FileName Attr;
0
int FileSetDate(int Handle, int Age)
Age
Handle; 0
void FindClose(TSearchRec &F)
FindFirst FindNext F
SysUlilM.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
io.h
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp
SysUtils.hpp

FindFirst
int FindFirst(const System::AnsiString Path,

SysUtils.hpp
int Attr, TSearchRec &F)
Path Attr; F;

findfirst
int findfirst(const char _FAR * path,

dir.h
struct ffblk _FAR * ffblk, int attrib)
path - .
attrib;
ffblk;
0 -1
FindNext
SysUtils.hpp
int FindNext(TSearchRec &F)
,
FindFirst F; F;
0
findnext
int findnext(struct ffblk _FAR * ffblk)

dir.h
,
findfirst
ffblk; 0
-1
fnmerge
void fnmerge(char *path, const char *drive,

dir.h
const char *dir, const char *name,
const char *ext)
path : drive, dir,
name ext
fnsplit
int fnsplit(const char *path, char *drive,

dir.h
char *dir, char *name, char *ext)
path : drive, dir,
name ext
ForceDirectories
FileCtrl.hpp
void ForceDirectories(System::AnsiString Dir)
Dir ,
fstat
int fstat(int handle, struct stat *statbuf)

statbuf handle; 0 - 1
gctcurdir
int getcurdir(int drive, char *directory)

dir.h
directory drive
( , 1 ..) "\"
GetCurrentDir
System::AnsiString GetCurrentDir()

sys\stat.h
SysUtils.hpp
gctcwd
rhir n4rwd(< luir *buf, int buflon)

Bo:iH|>uiitacT buf
buflcn , ; buf
NULL; buf = NULL
dir.h
getdisk
int getdisk(void)
: 0 , 1 ..
dir.h
gett'time
int getftime(int handle, struct ftime *ftimep)

handle
ftimep; 0 -1
io.h
GetSystemDirectory
UINT GetSystemDirectory(LPTSTR IpBuffer,

UINT uSize)
API Windows, IpBuffer
uSize Windows
GetWindowsDirectory
UINT GetWindowsDirectory(LPTSTR IpBuffer,

UINT uSize)
API Windows, IpBuffer
uSize Windows
int isatty(int handle)
io.h
, handle : , , ,
isatty
mkdir
int mkdir(const char *path)

path; 0
-1
dir.h
remove
int remove(const char *filename)

, filename; 0 -1
stdio.h
BemoveDir
bool RemoveDir(const System-AnsiString Dir)

Dir
SysUtils.hpp
rename
stdiu.h
int rename(const char *oldname,
const char *newname)
oldname,
newname; ; 0
1
RcnameFile
bool RenameFile(const System::AnsiString OldName, SysUtils.hpp

const System::AnsiString NewName)
OldName, NewName; NewName OldName, false
searchpath
char *searcbpatb(const char *file)

file , PATH;
NULL
dir.h
SetCurrentDir
bool SetCurrentDir(const System::AnsiString Dir) SysUtils.hpp

Dir
setdisk
int setdisk(int drive)

drive:
0 , 1 ..;
setftime
io.h
int setftime(int handle, struct ftime *ftimep)
handle ftimep; 0
- 1
stat
int stat(const char *path, struct stat *statbuf)

statbuf path; 0 -1
dir.h
sys\stat.h
fstat stat stat

. :
st mode
st dev
st rdev
, st_dev
st nlink
st size
st atime
( Windows) ( DOS)
st mtime
, st_atime
st ctime
, st_atime
st_mode
.
:
S IFCHR
S_IFREG
:
S IWRITE
S IREAD
HPKS NTFS Kt_alifno,

st mtime st ctitnc:
St._atime
St._mtime
St.ctime
MB
stat:
I include <stdio.h>
I i n c l u d e <time.h>
I include <sys\stat.h>
.cruet s t a t s t a t b u f ;
I1LE ' s t r e a m ;
f ( ( s t r e a m - fopen ("TEST. .TXT",
I
"r4t"))
== MULL)
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
tat("TEST.TXT",
jlose(stream);
Sstatbuf);
/ /
/ :
if ( s t a t b u f . s t _ m o d e & S_IFCHR)
Memol->Lines->Add(" " ! ;
if ( s t a t b u f . s t _ m o d e & S_1FREG)
Memol->Lines->Add(" " ) ;
:f ( s t a t b u f . s t _ m o d e S S_IREAD)
Memol->LLnes->Add(" " ) ;
if ( s t a t b u f . s t _ m o d e & S_IWRITE)
Memol->Lines->Add(" " ) ;
>mol->Lines->Add(" " +
AnsiString((char)('A'+statbuf-st_dev))!;
lr-mol->Lines->Add( " : " +
intToStr(statbuf.stsize));
"mol->Lines->Add (" " +
AnsiString(ctime(sstatbuf.st_ctime)));
' remove _unlink . i.i i. .

. cbmod
I! hmod.
access _waccess , 1>\ filename. ,
i . , , , | , .
amode , :

,

DOS, OS/2 Windows .

amode 00 04 . DOS
. 06 02 .
filename , , , .
0, .
1, :
ENOENT
EACCES
FindFirst, FindNext FindClose , .

TSearchRec:
struct TSearchRec
int Time;
int Si2e;
int Attr;
System::AnsiString Name;
int ExcludeAttr;
int FindHandle;
_WIN32JFIND_DATAA FinclData;
//
//
//
//
//
Attr .
:

falieadOnly
$00000001
fallidden
$00000002
faSysFile
$00000004
faVolumelD
$00000008
faDirectory
$00000010"
faArchive
$00000020
faAnyFile
$0000003F
FindFirst.
Path , Attr ,
.
. , 0, F
TSearchRec . FindNext F ,
, . , , , FindClose, .
, Memol:
TSearchRec sr;
Memol->Clear () ;
i f ( f i n d l - ' i i s t ( " . ' " , ! . w \ n , ' i i ! i ' I t . l D i ] i - i ' l H I ;, a x , li)

I
Memol->Li in.' - / . i m u e i " , : " U n t T o S u ( s r . ! . ' i ; e ) ) ;
w h i l e (FindNux(.(r> =-- 0)
!iemol->Lines->Add (sr .Name+", -. " + lntToStr (sr . Size) ) ;
i
FindClose(sr);
, , i findfirst findnext.
|| ffblk:
struct ffblk (
long
long
unsigned long
unsigned short
unsigned shoxt
char
f preserved;
ff_fsize;
ff_attrib;
ff_ftime;
ff fdate;
ff_name[256];
//
//'
//
//
//
ff_attrih FA_..., dos.h . 16.5.1. ff_ftime ff_fdate

. ff_ftime 0-4 , .5-10 , 11-15 . ff_fdate 0-4
, 5-8 , 9-15 , 1980.
, findfirst findnext, FindFirst FindNext.
FileSearch DirList Name.
IMrList , . ( , ). , .
searchpath file , PATH. NULL.
FileExists , .
fnmerge path : drive, dir, name ext.
drive:\path\name.ext.
(dir, path, name, ext) NULL. . fnsplit : .
DirectoryExists , Name. Name
, . Name .
CreateDir ForeeDirectories
Dir. ForeeDireetories
, , , . ,
ForeeDirectories (": WTeslWTestl") ;
Testl, Test, . , , DirectoryExists.

getcurdir GetCurrentDir
.
API Windows GetSystemDirectory, , Windows. ,
, , . -
- || . ' , GetWindowsDirectory,
Windows. Windows,
.ini ..
. .
, ,
, ,
.
.
ipBuffer GetSystemDirectory GetWindowsDirectory ,
.
"\". .
uSize . _.
lpBuffer
, . ,
uSize, .
,
. , GetLastError (.
. 16.7.5).
. Windows WINDOWS\
SYSTEM :, -
char s[_);
GetSystemDirectory(s,MAX_ PATH);
s : C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM. , , , , .
FileGetAttr, FileSetAttr, _rtl_chmod (. . 16.5.1). . FileGetAttr _rtl_chmod
.
_rtl_chmod
(. . 16.5.1). func = 0
path, func = 1 path attrib.
, ,
SFile, :
_rtl_chraod(SFile,
I,
FA_HIDDEN);
FileGetAttr _rtl_chmod .
,
SFile, :
int attrib = _rtl_chmod(SFile, 0 ) ;
rtl_chmod(SFile,~1, dttrib I FA HIDDEN);

Memol SFile:
int a t t r i b - _rtl_chmod (SFile, 0) ;
if ( a t t r i b == -1)
{
Memcl->Lines->Add(" " + intToStr(errno));

return ,
if (atlrit,. 5, FA RDONLY)
Memol->Lines~>Add(SFile
if Jattxib & FA_HIDDEN) .
Memcl->Lines->Add(SFile
if (attrib S FA^SYSTEM)
Memol->Lines->Add(SFile
if (attrib S FA_DIREC)
if (attrib S FA_ARCH)
+ " - ");
*- " - ");
+ " - ");
+ " - ");
+ " - ");
FileAge, FileGetDate FileSetDate

DOS. Time
TSearchRec, FindFirst FindNext.
TDateTime
FileDateToDateTime. . . 16.3.2, .
getftime , handle ( fileno), ftime, ftimep. setftime : , ftimep. .
EACCES. , . .
0. - 1 , ;
EACCES
EBADF
EINVFNC
ftime :
1
struct ftime {
unsigned ft_tsec:
unsigned ft_min: 6;
unsigned f t h o u r :
unsigned ft_day:
unsigned ft__month:: 4;
unsigned ft_year: 7;
in
//
//
//
//
//'
// - I960
};
Test.txt,
1 ( , 1)
:
FILE 'stream;
std:;ftime ft;
char buffer[80];
if ((stream - open ( "TEST . TXT", "r+t")) =--- NULL)
I
I
ShowMessage(" ");
return;
getftime(fiieno(stream), Sft);
//
s-printf (buffer, " : %u/%u/%u",
ft.ft_day, ft.ft_month, ft.ft_year+1980);
ShowMessage(buffer);
ft.ft_day--;
'/
:;etf time (fileno (stream) , Sft);
<'/
tclose(stream);
16.6
16.6.1
/
process.h
_c_exit
void _c_exit(void)
, exit, no
,
_cexit
void _cexit(void)
, exit,
,
,
_exit
void _exit(int status)

stdlib.h
, exit
, ; status
stdlib.h
void ahort(void)

stdlib.h
int atexit(void (_USERENTRY * func)(void))
func; 0
abort
atexit
process.h
exit
stdlib.h
void exit(int status)
, , , atexit ; status
raise
int raise(int sig)

sig; 0
signal.h
atexit . exit _cexit.

, ,
.. ,
atexit (Exitl);
, :
void
Exitl(void)
32 .
,
i , ..
, i ' .
i exit . exit. , III11. , , |.| ,
ti'\it . status exit
.
I ( ,
exit, .
xit
+
+
ivvit
(exit
|+
+
-
exit
j+
abort .4IGABRT. ,
abort Abnormal program termination
bldurr _exit 3.
16.6.2 exec...
spawn...
/
cwait
int cwait(int *statloc, int pid, int action);

, statloc ,
ID -1
process.h
excel
int execl(char *path, char *argO, *argl, ..., *argn, NULL) process.h
path
argO - argn
cxcclc
int execle(char *path, char *argO, *argl, ...t *argn, NULL, process.h
char **env
path
argO - argn env
exeelp
int execlp(char *path, char *argO,*argl, ..., *argn, NULL) process.h

path
argO - argn, PATH
execlpe
int execlpe(char *path, char *argO, *argl, ..., *argn,

NULL, char **env)
path
argO - argn, PATH env
process.h
/
execv
int execv(char *path, char *argv[])
path
argv[]
process.h
execve
int execve(char *path, char *argv[]; char **env)
path
argv[] env
process, h
cxecvp
int execvp(char *path, char *argv[])

path
argv[], PATH
process.h
execvpe
int execvpe(char *path, char *argv[], char **env)

path
argv[], PATH env
process.h
spawnl
int spawnl(int mode, char *path, char *argO, argl, ..., argn, process.h,
NULL)
stdio.h
mode path
argO - argn
spawnle
int spawnle(int mode, char *path, char *argO, argl, ..., argn, process.h,
NULL, char *envp[])
stdio.h
mode path
argO - argn envp
spawnlp
int spawnlp(int mode, char *path, char *argO, argl, ..., argn, process.h,
NULL)
stdio.h
mode path
argO - argn, PATH
spawnlpe
int spawnlpe(int mode, char *path, char *argO, argl, ...,

argn, NULL, char *envp[])
mode path
argO - argn, PATH envp
process.h,
stdio.h
spawnv
int spawnv(int mode, char *path, char *argv[])

mode path
argvf]
process.h,
stdio.h
spawnve
int spawnve(int mode, char *path, char *argv[],

char *envp[])
mode path
argv[] envp
process.h,
stdio.h
spawnvp
int spawnvp(int mode, char *path, char *argv[])

mode path
argv[], PATH
process.h,
stdio.h
spawnvpe int spawnvpe(int mode, char *path, char *argv[],

process.h,
char *envp[])
stdio.h
mode path argvf]. PATH envp
IJTPltrin
wail
/
stdlib.h
int systDm(const char *command)
command

process.h
int wait(int *statloe)
, statloc , ID -1
exec... path, . . , .
exec... ,
:
I
argO, argl
argn. , .
argvf] argO, argl, ..., argn. , .
, PATH. path , ,
, PATH.
, .
env, .
, .
exec...
(argO), path. , . (
, ) 128 .
1 . . NULL,
.
v , , .
NULL, , .
env , .

< > = <>
env = NULL, , ,
.
, , . ,
( ).
, , . 16.5.2 16.5.3.
path, exec..., . path
, , . , , . , . . ,
.com .
(
path). , , PATH.
0 ,
- 1 . (. .
16.1.3.1) EACCES ,
EMFILE , ENOENT
, ENOEXEC , ENOMEM .
.
if(execl ("F1.","Fl.exe", NULL))
ShowMessage(" Fl.exe ");

Fl.exe. .
execl -1 ShowMessage. , , Fl.exe
.
execlp ( " n c " , " n c " , NULL);
Norton Commander ( .),

PATH.
char * prog = "command.com",execlp[prog,prog, NULL); ,

DOS, command.com PATH.
e x e c l p ( " W i n W o r d " , " W i n w o r d " , " F . d o c " , NULL) )
Word F.doc.
Word :
char *arg[5] = ("WinWord"); //
arg[l] = "Fl.doc";
arg[2] - " F 2 . d o c " ;
execvp(arg[0],arg);
arg
Winword, NULL. 1 2
Word . NULL.
execvp Winword
.
, spawn..., , : cwait wait.
wait
. , .
statloc wait NULL, , .
:
0-7
8-15
.
. , exit
return main.
main return, .
:
0-7
1
2
3
8-15
wait . 1,
EINTR , ECHILD .
cwait wait, .
statloc, : pid action. pid 0, , . pid . .
action : WAIT_CHILD
, WAIT_GRANDCHILD
,
, .
spawn....
exec..., mode, .
:
P_WAIT
,
.
P_NOWAIT
. ID , cwait wait, . 16- Windows DOS.
PJSTOWAITO P_NOWAIT, ID ,
cwait wait .
P_NOWAITO,
,
.
OVERLAY . ,
exec...
P DETACH
.
if(spawnlp(P_WAIT,"arj","arj","e doc.arj
al.txt",
ShowMessage(" a r j "),else
NULL))
Memol-XUear () ;
Meraol->Lines->LoadFromFile("al.txt") ;
DeleteFile("al,txt");
}
arj, doc.arj al.txt. , arj , Memol .
, , . , :
if(spawnlp(P_WAIT,"arj","arj","e","doc.arj", " a l . t x t " , NULL))
, ,
exec..., . spawn... , P_WAIT,
, . , P_NOWAIT, cwait wait:
int
I D = s p a w n l p ( P _ NOWAIT,"arj", " a r j " , " e d o c . a r j

NULL) ;
i f (ID -== - 1 )
ShowMessage(" a r j " ) ;
al.txt",
else
{
if (wait (NULL) != ID)

ShowMessage (" '") ;
else
1
Memol->Clear(3;
Memol~>Lines->LoadFromFile("al.txt") ;
DeleteFile("al.txt");
spawnlp _ NOWAIT, . wait, . , , .

system command . command , DOS (batch) . , -
. DOS, Windows
. system 0
-1 . :
// DOS dir
// dir.txt
systemfdir dir.txt");
-'/'
DOS
tnkdir,
c ; \ \ t t t
systemC'mkdir c:\\ttt");
,,
/' / Norton Commander

system("nc");
16.6.3 API Windows

. 7, .
7.2. API Windows.
16.6.3.1
32,
. ( Windows 95,
98, 2000 NT ):

,

.
ERROR_FILE_NOT_
FOUND
ERROR_PATH_NOT
FOUND
SE_ERR_
ACCESSDENIED
,
.

.
SE ERR OOM
ERROR_BAD_
FORMAT
Windows.
.
Windows,
. .
10
11
12
13
MS-DOS
4.0.
f """ "

14
15
, Windows.
16
, ,
.
19
.
, .
20
DLL, .
21
32- Windows.
26
SE_ERR_SHARE
27
SE ERR
AS SOCINCOMPLETE
,
.
28
SE_ERR_DDETIMEOUT DDE - .
29
SE_ERR_DDEFAIL
DDE
30
SE_ERR_DDEBUSY
DDE , DDE.
31
SE_ERR_NOASSOC
,
, , .
32
SE ERR
DLLNOTFOUND
DLL.
16.6.3.2 ShellExecute

ShelLAPI
HINSTANCE ShellExecute (
HWND hwnd,
LPCTSTR lpOperation,
LPCTSTR lpFile,
LPCTSTR lpParameters,
LPCTSTR lpDirectory,
INT nShowCmd
//
//
//
/'/
/'/
//
ShellExecute Windows.
,
. , ,
.doc, Word. , ,
flit'.doc Word
file.doc. ShellExocute . , .
:
~"
hwnd
, .
lpOperation
,
. open () print ().
Windows 95, 98 NT : explore
() . lpOperation NULL, open.
lpFile
,
.
lpParameters ,
, FileName . lpFile
, , NULL.
lpDirectory
,
.
nShowCmd
, .
:
SW_HIDE
SWJMINIMIZE
()
Z-
SW_MAXIMIZE
()
SW_RESTORE
.
, ( ,
SW_SHOWNORMAL)
SW_SHOW
SW SHOWDEFAULT
Windows 95, 98, 2000 NT.

SW_ STARTUPINFO,
CreateProcess , . ShowWindow
,
SW SHOWMAXIMIZED
SW SHOWMINIMIZED
()
SW SHOWMINNOACTIVE
(
). ,

SW_SHOWNA

.
,

. ,
SW SHOWNOACTIVATE
SW SHOWNORMAL
( )
.
, ( ,
SW_RESTORE)
DDE . 32,
. . 16.6.3.1.
ShellExecute . 5.6.3 7.2.2.
16.6.3.3 FindExecutable
,
ShellAPI
HINSTANCE FindExecutale(
LPCTSTR lpFile,
/'/' v
LPCTSTR lpDirectory,
//
LPTSTR lpResult
//
FindExecutable .,
, lpFile. lpDirectory . . lpResult
, , lpFile.
FindExecutable ,
32. , .
. 16.6.3.1.
char APchar[254J;
Fi.dExecu table("Doc.dec",NULL, APchar);
Lab'rll->Capt ion => APchar;
, Label 1 ,
.doc, :
C:\M3OFFICE\WINWORD\WINWORD.EXE
16.6.3.4 WinExec

UINT WinExec(
LPCSTR lpCmdLine, //
UINT uCmdShow
//'
);
WinExec .
lpCmdLine , , , .
, Windows
:
1. , .
2. .
3. Windows, GetSystemDirectory.
4. Windows, GetWindowsDirectory.
5. PATH.
uCmdShow
Windows. . . 16.6.3.2.
Windows, PIF ..
; .
WinExec , 31. ,
. . 16.6.3.1.
WinExec Windows. WIN32, Win32
CreateProcess ( . -f+Builder ).
Win32 WinExec , GetMessage
1'. , , , i'iiHOM WinExec, GetMessage.
ShellExecute 7.2.3.
.7
16.7.1
_nisi/c
size_t _msize(void *block)

block,
malloc, calloc,
realtor; 32-
malloc .h
_new_handler
typedef void (*pvf)();

new.h
pvf _new_handler
, new
void *alloca(size_t size)
malloc. h
size ; NULL
void * AllocMem(Cardinal Size)
SysUtils.hpp
Size
(void *) ;
FreeMem
alloca
AllocMem
calloe
free
GetMemoryManager
malloc
realloe
set_new_
handler
void *calloc(size_t nitems, sizc_t size)

stdlib.h
nitems size ;
NULL
void free(void *block)
stdlib.h
block,
calloe, malloc, realloe
void GetMemoryManager(
System, hpp
TMemoryManager &MemMgr)
MemMgr
,
void *malloc(size_t size)
stdlib.h alloc.h
size; NULL
void *realloc(void *block, size_t size)
stdlib.h
block,
malloc, calloe, realloe,
size;
NULL
typedef void (new * new_handler)();
new.h
new_handler set_new_handler(
new_handler my_handler)
my_handler,
new
SetMemoryManager
void SetMemoryManager(
System.hpp
const TMemoryManager &MemMgr)
MemMgr ,
SysFreeMem
extern PACKAGE int SysFreeMem(void * P) System.hpp

ShareMem.hpp
,

Syt<GetMem
SysReallocMem
THeapStatus
! < /
xtr>rn PACKAGE void * SysGctMem(int Size)
Size,
; NULL
extern PACKAGE void * SysReallocMem(
void * P, int Size)

Size, ;
NULL
System::THeapStatus GetHeapStatus(void)
heap
THeapStatus
System.hpp
ShareMem.hpp
System.hpp
ShareMem.hpp
System.hpp
ShareMem.hpp
,
System.hpp ShareMem.hpp, System.hpp ,
, ShareMem.hpp
, , .
heap. : malloc, calloc,
realloc, free new delete (. . 13, . 13.9).
malloc heop size . .
size = 0, NULL.
calloc nitems , size. nitems * size. .

. size = 0
nitems = 0, NULL.
realloc . heap, block, size. , block , malloc, calloc realloc. block
NULL, realloc , malloc.
size , ,
block, , NULL. ,
size 0 ,
, .
, realloc NULL. , . block,

.
free , malloc,
calloc realloc, block.
.
malloc , , - - , ..
t i i n ; 1 U(ii_- -.stdi . h>
include <alloc.h>
char *str;
// str - ,
str =
(char *)
malloc(100);
//
free (str) ;

calloc:
str = (char *) calloc(100, sizeof(char));
malloc calloc , , :
str =
(char *)
realloc(str,
20);
, :
realloc(str,
20);
, NULL (0),
. , , , NULL.
.
_new_handler , new. . . ,
.
, _new_handler, set_new_handler. set_new_handler(O) . . :
( )
bad_alloc
bad_alloc
abort exit
set_new_handler .
. ,
:
pvf set_new_handler(pvf p) ;
THeapStatus
THeapStatus, :
TotalAddrSpace
,
. .
TotalUncommitted
TotalAddrSpace, .
TotalCommitted
TotalAddrSpace,
. TotalUncommitted + TotalCommitted = TotalAddrSpace.
To till Allocated
TotalFree
FrocSmall
FrecBig
Unused
Overhead
HeapErrorCode
.
, .

, OS . TotalAddrSpace.
,
.
,
.

.
, . : Unused + FreeBig +
FreeSmall = TotalFree.
, .
.
TotalAddrSpace, TotalUncommitted TotalCommitted , . Total Allocated TotalFree ( heap).

TotalAUocated TotalFree.
SetMemoryManager ,
, . MemMgr TMemoryManage.
TMemoryManage :
,
Size
( malloc). Size GetMem
. GetMem
, NULL.
, , FreeMem
, ( free).
FreeMem NULL. FreeMem
, 0. .
RealiocMem , , , Size
( realloc). , -
RealiocMem, NULL, Size
0. RealiocMem
, ,
.. . , , , utioiii.
N1)1.1., (n
i 11. .
GetMem
, SetMemoryManager, , , .. GetMemoryManager Manager, .

.
16.7.2
16.7.2.1 ShowMessage ShowMessageFmt

, - ,
: , , , .
, , ..
.
ShowMessage,
. :
void ShowMessage(const System::AnsiString Msg)
Msg. .
ShowMessageFmt,
. :
void ShowMessageFmt(const System::AnsiString Msg,
const System::TVarRec *Params, const i n t Params_Size)
Msg (. .
16.1.2.3), Params Params_Size , Msg, .
O P E N A R R A Y ( C M . . 16.7.4).
ShowMessageFmt :
ShowMessageFmt(Msg,OPENARRAY(TVarRec,(argl,arg2,...)));
1
.
ShowMessage(" .");
ShowMessageFmt(" %d %d ",
OPENARRAY(TVarRec,
(N1,N2)));
. 16.1 , (),
() N1 = 5, N2 = 7.
. 16.1
,
ShowMessage (a)
ShowMessageFmt (6)
16.7.2.2 MessageDIg, MessageDlgPos CreateMessageDialog

. 16.7.2.1 , , , . , - -
. MessageDlg. :
i n t MessageDlg(const System::AnsiString Msg,
TMsgDlgType DlgType,
TMsgDlgButtons Buttons, i n t HelpCtx)
MessageDlg . Msg.
DlgType.
:
mtConfirmation
,
(. . 16.2 )
mtlnformation
, i (.
. 16.2 )
mtError
, - (.
. 16.2 )
mtWarning
,
(. . 16.2 )
mtCustom
. -
(. . 16.2 )
. 16.2
)

^ ^ ?
,
MessageDlg
AButtons , .
TMsgDlgBtns AButtons ,
. :
mbYes
Yes
mbNo
No
mbOK
OK
mbCancel
Cancel
mbHelp
Help
mbAbort
Abort
mbRetry
Retry
mblgnore
Ignore
mbAll
Buttons " " , Buttons . ,

Windows.
, , ,
:
'
mbYesN oCancel
Yes, No Cancel
mbOkCancel
Concel
mbAbort Retrylgnore
Abort, Reiry Ignore
TMsgDlgButtons Buttons.
HelpCtx ,
.
F1. , MessageDlg HelpCtx.
MessageDlg , . :
mrNone mr Abort
mrOk
mrRetry
mrCancel mrIgnore
tnrYes
mrNo
mrAll
MessageDlg. :
if(MessageDlg(" ?",
mtConf irmation, TMsgDlgButtons () << mbYes<< mbtlo,
0) == mrYes)
MessageDlg(" ", mtlnformation,
TMsgDlgButtons() << mbOK, 0 ) ;
Close () ;
MessageDlg mtConfirmati (. . 16.2 ). Yes, mtlnformation
(. . 16.2 ).
(.
. 16.2 16.2 ):
r.rch ( . . . i
MessageDUj (" . " , m t E r r o r ,

TMsgDlgButtons() mbOK, 0) ;
M e s s a g e D l g ( " . " , mtWarning,
TMsgDlgButtonsU mbOK, 0) ;
,
(. . 16.2 ). Yes, -Post; No, Cancel;
Concel, .
switch (MessageDlg(" . ?", mtCustom,
mbYeslioCancel, 0) )
t
c a s e mrYes: T a b ! e l - > P o s t ( ) ;
break;
c a s e mrNo ; T a b l e l - > C a n c e l ( ) ;
break;
Cc4s<? mrCancel : C l o s e ( } ;
MessageDlgPos, MessageDlg,
.
:
int MessageDlgPos(const System::AnsiString Msg,
TMsgDlgType DlgType, TMsgDlgButtons Buttons,
int HelpCtx, int X, int Y)
MessageDlgPos
. X Y. MessageDlg. ,
MessageDlgPos(" .", mtWarning,
TMsgDlgButtons() mbOK, 0, 250, 0);
( Y=0) .
MessageDlgPos(" !", mtError,
TMsgDlgButtons() mbOK, 0,
BoundsRect.Left,BoundsRect.Bottom) ;
,
.
CreateMessageDialog, :
extern PACKAGE Forms::TForm* CreateMessagaDialog(
const System: :AnsiString Msg, TMsgDlgType DlgType, >,
TMsgDlgButtons Buttonsl
. , .
Show ShowModal. ShowModal
, .
DlgType Buttons
TMsgDlgType TMsgDlgButtons .
CreateMessageDialog . , . .
:>'roit . , KOTopi.ii' . -
, , , . CreateMessageDialog , ,
Free. .
CreateMessageDialog.
TForm *FMess;
FMess = CreateMessageDialog (" .", mtWarning,
TMsgDlgButtons() << mbOK);
FMess->Caption = "";
FMess , .
. (. 16.3)
. 16.2 ,
Warning.
FMess->ShowModal() ;
.
FMess->Free() ;
'
, .
. 16.3
, CreateMessageDialog
16.7.2.3 TApplication->MessageBox
. 16.7.2.1 16.7.2.2
( ) (
CreateMessageDialog). MessageBox Application TApplication, ++ilder. , .
, .
:
int
fastcall MessageBox(const char * Text,

const char * Caption, int Flags);
, .
, MessageDlg CreateMessageDialog. , . -,
MessageDlg (, , CreateMessageDialog, ).
( Windows).
MessageBox MessageBox API Windows.
Text ,
255 .
. Caption .
255 , .
.
Flatf ,
.
.
,
( Windows)
MB_ABORTRETRYIGNORE
Abort (), Retry () Ignore ().

. .
_
MB_OKCANCEL
Concel ().
Retry () Cancel ().
MB RETRYCANCEL
MB_YESNO
Yes () No ().
Yes (), No () Cancel ().
MB_YESNOCANCEL
MB ICONEXCLAMATION (, ).
, MB_ICONWARNING
MB ICONINFORMATION, i ().
MB_ICONASTERISK
MB_ICONQUESTION
( ).
MB ICONSTOP,
MB ICONERROR,
MB ICONHAND
(, ).
, ( )
. .
MB_DEFBUTTON1
MB DEFBUTTON2
MB_DEFBUTTON3
MB_DEFBUTTON4
.
v
.
.
MB_APPLMODAL
,
. .
. .
MB_SYSTEMMODAL
, MB_APPLMODAL,
WS_EX_TOPMOST,
, . , .
( )
MB_HELP
Help (),
F1 Help.
MBJTOPMOST
( WS_EX_TOPMOST).
,
,
( ) ..
,
. , :
IDABORT
Abort ().
IDCANCEL 2
Cancel ()
IDIGNORE 5
Ignore ().
IDNO
No ().
Esc.
' '
IDOK
IDRETRY
Retry ().
IDYES
Yes ().
. ,
.
if
(
(
if
" ?",
" ",
MB_YESNOCANCEL + MB_ICONQUESTION) != IDYES)
{
DataSet->Cancel();
Abort();
else
Application->MessageBox("
Abort ;
","",
MB
ICONSTOP);
. 16.4.
, , .
. 16.4
,

Application->MessageBox
16.7.2.4 InputBox InputQuery

, ,
, .
,
,
- .
InputBox Dialogs :
extern PACKAGE AnsiString
f a s t c a l l InputBox(
const AnsiString ACaption,
const AnsiString APrompt,
const AnsiString ADefault);
(. . 16.5)
ACaption, APrompt -
,
ADefault. ,
. Concel, Esc,
, ADefault,
- .
,
AnsiString Name = InputBox(", ",
", ",
"");
, . 16.5, , , .
. 16.5
, InputBox
Cancel
, -
, , , ADefault. , , , .
, , ,
InputBox InputQuery:
extern PACKAGE bool
fastcall
InputQuery(
const AnsiString ACaption,
const AnsiString APrompt,
AnsiString SValue);
ACaption APrompt , InputBox. Value . , InputQuery Value .

InputQuery true ,
, . ( Esc,
Concel) false,
Value , InputQuery.
, :
AnsiString Name = "";
I f ( ! InputQuery(", ",
", ", Name))
ShowMessage(" , ");
e l s e ShowMessage(", "+Name+" ! " ) ;
, . 16.5
, , , .
16.7.2.5 SelectDirectory, LoginDialog, LoginDialogEx

. - . [1] [3].
SelectDirectory
. FileCtrl
. ,
:
extern PACKAGE bool
fastcall SelectDirectory(
const AnsiString Caption,
const WideString Root,
AnsiString SDirectory);
Caption ,
. Root , . Root
. Root ,
.
Directory . true, . , , false.
LoginDialog LoginDialogEx Windows,
.
LoginDialog Dblogdlg :
extern PACKAGE bool
fastcall LoginDialog(
const AnsiString ADatabaseMame,
AnsiString SAUserName,
AnsiString iAPassword);
ADatabaeeName , ,
. AUserName ,
. LoginDialog
User Nome. AUserName , , , .
APassword , ,
.
LoginDialog true, ,
.

, ,
. , false.
, LoginDialog,
, User Name. LoginDialogEx
. :
extern PACKAGE bool
fastcall
LoginDialogEx(
const AnsiString ADatabaseName,
AnsiString SAUserNarne,
AnsiString iAPassword,
bool NameReactonly);
LoginDialog NameReadOnly. true, User Nome, -

AUserName , .
LoginDialog LoginDialogEx
[^ .
. , , , .
16.7.3
/
extern PACKAGE void Beep(void)
C++Builder,
SysUtils.hpp
BOOL Beep(DWORD dwFreq,

DWORD dwDuration);
API Windows, Windows NT/
2000/XP, dwFreq dwDuration
MessageBeep
BOOL MessageBeep(UINT uType);

API Windows, uType
PlaySound
mmsystem.hpp
BOOL PlaySound(LPCSTR pszSound,
HMODULE hmod, DWORD fdwSound)
API Windows,
, ,
C++Builder Beep , MessageBeep API Windows . , Windows, (
).
,
.
, ..
.
API Windows, Windows NT/2000/XP, . Windows NT dwFreq . 37 32,767 ( 0x25 0x7FFF).
dwDuration .
: .
Windows NT/2000/XP. Windows 95 98
++ilder. , C++Builder
, API Windows . . GetLastError (. . 16.7.5).
, , .
MessageBeep . , ,
[sounds] .
MessageBeep . :
OxFFFFFFFF
MB ICONASTERISK
MB ICONEXCLAMATION
MB ICONHAND
MB_ICONQUESTION
MB_OK
(true).
,
- GetLastError (. . 16.7.5).
MessageBeep .
MessageBeep , .
, .
PlaySound API Windows
, , .
pszSound
. fdwSound
(SND_FILENAME, SND_ALIAS SND_RESOURCE) pszSound , . ,
Windows WIN.INI . , . , pszSound

.
, pszSound, . PlaySound : , Windows, Windows, , PATH, , .
OpenFile.
, PlaySound . , , false.
pszSound 0, . ,
, SND_PURGE fdwSound.
hmod fdwSound SNDJRESOURCE. hmod , , . hmod 0.
fdwSound . "|".
:
SND_ALIAS
pszSound
Windows WIN.INI.
SND FILENAME
SND RESOURCE.
SND_ALIAS_ID
szSound .
SNDAPPLICATION .
SND_ASYNC
PlaySound
.
, PlaySound
pszSound, 0.
SND_FILENAME
SNDJLOOP
pszSound .
,
PlaySound pszSound, 0.
SND_ASYNC .
SND_MEMORY
.
pszSound
.
SND_NODEFAULT
, . , PlaySound , .
SND_NOSTOP
, ,
, 1 , PlaySound false,
. , PlaySound
,
.
SND_NOWAIT
, .
SND_PURGE
, . pszSound 0, . pszSound 0, ,
.
SND RESOURCE.
SND_RESOURCE
pszSound .
hmod .
SND_SYNC
.
PlaySound .
PlaySound true,
false.
PlaySound . 6, . 6.2.1.
16.7.4 C++ C++Builder
ARRAYSIZE
ARRAYSIZE(const void *a)

sysdefs.h
bsearch
void *bsearch(const void *key, const void *base,

size t nelem, size t width,
int (_USERENTRY *fcmp)
(const void *, const void *))
key () base nelem width
fcmp; 0
stdlib.h
EXISTINGARRAY
EXISTINGARRAY(const void *a)

sysdefs.h
getenv
char *getenv(const char *name)

name
stdlib.h

/
Controls.hpp
extern PACKAGE System::AnsiString
GetLongHint( const System::AnsiString Hint)
, Hint
Controls.hpp
GetShortHint extern PACKAGE System: :Ansi String
GetShortHint(const System::AnsiString Hint)
, Hint
stdlib.h
void *Ifind(const void *key, const void *base,
lfind
size t *num, size t width,
key () base num width
fcmp;
0
GetLongHtnt
lsearch
void *lsearch(const void *key, void *base,

size t *num, size t width,
int(_USERENTRY *fcmp)
key () base num width
fcmp;
, ;

OPENARRAY OPENARRAY(type argl, ..., type argl9)
, 19
Param Count extern PACKAGE int fastcall ParamCount(void);

extern PACKAGE AnsiString
fastcall
ParamStr
ParamStr(int Index);
Index
int putenv(const char *name)
putenv
name
void qsort(void *base, size t nelem, size t width,
qsort
() base nelem width
fcmp
Shortcut
extern PACKAGE TShortCut ShortCut(Word Key,
Classes::TShiftState Shift)
,
Key Shift
stdlib.h
sysdefs.h
System.hpp
System.hpp
stdlib.h
stdlib.h
Menus.hpp
ShortCutToText
extern PACKAGE System::AnsiString

Menus, hpp
ShortCutToText(TShortCut Shortcut)
Shortcut,
,

void swab(char *from, char *to; int nbytes)
stdlib.h
nbytes from to,

Menus.hpp
extern PACKAGE TShortCut TextToShortCut(
System::AnsiString Text)
Text ,

type va_arg(va_list , type)
stdarg.h
type ;

va_start va_arg
swab
TextToShortCut
va_arg
void va_end(va_list )
stdarg.h
, va_start va_arg
va_start
void va_start(va_list , lastfix)
stdarg.h
, ,
; lastfix
-_ - - - -
va_end
va_start, va_arg va_end ,

.
. :
( , . . .)
( ),
. stdarg.h : va_start, va_arg, va_end
va_list.
va_start ,

. lastfix
.
va_arg . type . va_arg
va_start va_arj(. v*_arg

. .
va_end , .
, va_arg .
.
. . 13, . 13.5.5.
EXISTINGABRAY, ARRAYSIZE, OPENARRAY
. .
. 14, . ,14.10.3.
. 16.3.1.2.
bsearch, Ifind, lsearch, qsort (). base , nelem num ,
width , , fcmp , , .
bsearch () , key. , ,
.
fcmp :
*eleml *elem2. ,
, :
<0
== 0
*eleml == *elem2
> 0
*eleml > *elem2
*eleml < *elem2
< , *eleml *elem2, > , *eleml

*elem2, , . , , , , .
qsort , . ,
.
qsort bsearch.
array . fcmp , qsort bsearch. Buttonl
qsort,
bsearch , Editl.
#include <:malloc.h>
#include <scdlib.h>
int array[] = (800,123,512,627,933,145);
int fcmp (const void *pl, const void *p2)
( return (* (int*)pl - *(int*)p2); 1
void
fastcall TForml; :ButtonlClicMTObject 'Sender)
I
int key - StrToInt(Editl->Text);
int *elem;
qsortiarray, ARRAYSIZE(array),sizeof(int), temp};
elem - (int *) bsearch (Skey, array, ARRAYS!^ (array) ,

sizeof(int), fcmp);
if(elem == 0) ShowMessage("
" + IntToStr(key) +
11
") ;
else ShowMessage(" " + IntToStr(*elem) +
" " + IntToStr(elem- array));
)
lfind lsearch . , , . , lsearch, , . lfind lsearch
. , .
lsearch, . array .
fcmpl . Button 1 , Editl.
, .
#include <malloc.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int array[10] = {800,123,512,627,933,145};
unsigned Narray = 6;
int fcmpl (const void *pl, const void *p2)
{ return (* (int*)pl != *(int*)p2); )
void
{
int key = StrToInt(Editl->Text);

int *elera;
elem = (int *) lsearch (Skey, array, SNarray, s i z e o f ( i n t ) , fcmpl);
ShowMessage("
" + IntToStr(key) +
11
" + IntToStr (elem- array) ) ;
}
GetShortHint GetLongffint

< >I< >
, , Hint (.
. 17 . 5, . 5.1.9).
getenv putenv .
name=string\O. getenv
name. getenv ,
, . ,
Labell->Caption = getenv("PATH"); '

La bell PATH.
DOS OS/2 . , .
,
NULL. getenv name getenv "name=",
name . ,
getenv("=");
PATH.
putenv . name namc-ntring. :

putenv ("PATII-c:\\temp") ;
Shortcut, ShortCutToText TextToShortCut Shortcut ,
. Shortcut Key, , Shift,
Shift, Ctrl All,
TShortCut, Word. TextToShortCut . Shortcut ,
TextToShortCut ,
.
ShortCutToText
Shortcut TShortCut. , .
ParamStr ParamCount .
ParamStr Index.
. ,
ParamStr(O) , , D:\\TEST\\PROJECT1.EXE, ..
, .
. , - , ,
.
-.
- , ParamStr(l), ParamStr(2) .. ,
. .
ParamCount , .
. ,
for (int i=l;i<=ParamCount();i++)
,
if (LowerCase(ParamStr(i)) = "-e")
( ),
- -.
, CmdLine (char *).
' ,
. CmdLine,
, , . . 1, . 1.9.3.
16.7.5 API Windows
CloseWindow
I)<^stroyWindow
/
BOOL CloseWindow(HWND hWnd)
, , , hWnd
BOOL DestroyWindow(HWND hWnd)
, hWnd,
,

EnableWindow
/
BOOL EnableWindow(HWND hWnd, BOOL bEnable)
( bEnable = true)
( bEnable = false) , hWnd
Find Window
HWND FindWindow(LPCTSTR lpClassName,

LPCTSTR lpWindowName)
lpClassName lpWindowName
GetLastError
DWORD GetLastError(VOID)

GetNext Window HWND GetNextWindow(HWND hWnd, UINT wCmd)

hWnd Z-
GetWindow
HWND GetWindow(HWND hWnd, UINT wCmd)

, hWnd wCmd
-t
GetWijjdpwText
int GetWindowText(HWND hWnd, LPTSTB ipString,

int nMaxCount)
.,.>
,
hWnd, IpString nMaxCount
'
API Windows , , hWnd.

FindWindow. , ;
.
lpClassName ,
, ,
. * , ,
Global Add Atom. 16- , lpClassName, a
.
lpWindowName , ( Caption ,
). NULL, ,
.
, "FindWindow
, . NULL.
GetNextWindow. Z-. hWnd , .
wCmd . wCmd = GWJHWNDNEXT,
, . wCmd = GW_HWNDPREV,
, .
Z- , .
, .
, . ( wCmd),
0. (|) GetLastError.
FindWindow GetNextWindow . . 7,
. 7.3.1.
GetNextWindow ,
GetWindow GW_HWNDNEXT
GW_HWNDPREV. GetWindow , ,
hWnd ( Z- ). uCmd :
GW_CHILD
Z-, . NULL.
,
GW_HWNDFIRST , Z-
GW_HWNDLAST , Z-
GW_HWNDNEXT Z-
GW_HWNDPREV Z-
GW_OWNER
,
, .
, 0. GetLastError.
GetWindowText ,
( )
hWnd, ipString nMaxCount. , .
, ,
Windows WM_GETTEXT. .
,
, . , .
GetLastError.
GetWindowText . . 7, . 7.3.1.
. ,
, , Handle. ,
Closewindow (Handle) ;
"
. . GetLastError.
GetLastError . .
GetLastError ,
. ,
SetLastError(O),
.
API Win32
,
. , FALSE, NULL, OxFFFFFFFF
1.
32- . 31. 29 , . . , , . .
,
FormatMessage.
WINNT.H Win32 SDK.
EnableWindow
.
, ,
. ,
, , .
16.8 Windows
Windows . 7, . 7.4. , . 7.
16.8.1 PostMessage

, , ,

BOOL PostMessage(
'
HWND hWnd,
// ,
//
UINT Msg,
/ /
WPARAM wParam, //
LPARAM lParam //
);
hWnd , .
HWND_BROADCAST,
, , , , . NULL,
( ) .
Msg . wParam
lParam ' .

. GetLastError.
PostMessage
, , , |
. PostMessage
SendMessage,
, . GetMessage PeekMessage.
WM_USER *,
PostMessage, SendNotifyMessage SendMessageCallback, ';,
, .
- , , , , , .
16.8.2 SendMessage

,
LRESULT SendMessage(
HWND hWnd,
// ,
//
UINT Msg,
//
WPARAM wParam, //
LPARAM lParam //
'
hWnd , .
HWND_BROADCAST,
, , , , .
Msg . wParam
lParam .

, , .
SendMessage , , . , . , , , .
SendMessage PostMessage, .
, hWnd = HWND_BROADCAST
RegisterWindowMessage.
SendMessage . 7, . 7.4.2.
*
'

, SendMessage PostMessage.
UINT RegisterWindowMessage(
LPCTSTR l p S t r i n g
//
);
lpString , .

, OxFFFF. ,
.
,
. , .
Windows.
RegisterWindowMessage ,
.

WM_USER 0x7FFF.
16.8.4 Perform
TControl, Windows.
int
fastcall Perform(Cardinal Msg, int WParam, int LParam);
Msg , WParam LParam .
Perform API Windows, , , C++Builder. , .

Perform TMessage Msg,
WParam, LParam .
, Window. , Perform . ,
Form2->Perform(WM_CLOSE, 0, 0) ;
WM_CLOSE Form2, .
16.8.5 WM USER
..
WM_USER ,
Windows, .
:
0 WM_USER - 1
, Windows
WM_USER 0x7FFF

0x8000 OxBFFF
OxFFFF
, Windows
, , RegisterWindowMessage
OxFFFF
, Windows
WM_USER 0x7FFF
.
, , (, TButton, TEdit, TListBox TComboBox) . , .
WM_USER . 7, . 7.4.4.
16.8.6 Message
, Windows WndProc
Messages
Messages
struct TMessage
{
Cardinal Msg;
union
{
struct
{
Word WParamLo;
Word WParamHi;
Word LParamLo;
Word LParamHi;
Word ResultLo;
Word ResultHi;
I;
17
, , ,
,
, , ,
,
.
, , , ,
C++Builder, . ,
, ,
,
.
,
, , ,
. , ,
, , .
, , . [1], [3], [4].
17.1
Align
( )
TControl
enura TAlign { alNone, alTop, alBottora, alLeft, alRight,

alClient, alCustom };
typedef Set<TAlign, alNone, alclient> TAlignSet;
property TAlign Align
Align ,
, , , ,
, , , .
:

alNone
, .
. Align .
alTop
. .
17
1054
alBottom
. .
alLeft
. .
alRight
. .
alClient
. , .
alCustom
C++Builder 6. CustomAiignPosition CustomAlignlnsertBefore.
Align alNone. , , , Align.

Align, alClient,
, .
: Esc - .
Align alTop alBottom alLeft alRight. , , , ,
alLeft, alTop,
, . , , .
C++Builder 6 alCustom ()
TAlignSet . - Align = alCustom, -
CustomAiignPosition, , Align = alCustom Visible = true. (, C++Builder 6
):
v i r t u a l void
f a s t c a l l CustomAiignPosition(TControl* Control,
int sNewLeft, i n t SNewTop, i n t SNewWidth,
i n t SNewHeight, Types::TRect SAlignRect,
const TAlignlnfo sAlignlnfo);
Control . NewLeft,
NewTop, NewWidth, NewHeight , , . AlignRect , , . Align Info TAlignlnfo, :
, , , ,
1055
struct TAlignlnfo
f
Classes::TList* AlignList;
int Controllndex;
TAlign Align;
int Scratch;
);
,
:
v i r t u a l bool
fastcall
CustomAlignlnsertBefore(TControl* Cl,
TControl* C2);
CustomAlignlnsertBefore
Cl 2 , Align = alCustom Visible =
true, , , .. CustomAlignPosition
.
CustomAlignlnsertBefore Controls , 1
, 2 . , Panell, Pancl2
13, Controls ,
Cl = Panel2, C2 Panell, Cl = Panel3, C2 = 12,
1 = 13, 2 = Panell. true, 1 , 2 ( C+4-Builder 6 ).
TWinControl CustomAlignlnsertBefore false,
, Controls. . , true,
.
. 5, . 5.2 Align.
.
Panell 12 ,
Panell , 12 . .
. Align =
alCustom. :
:
{
published:
TPanel *Panell;
TPanel *Panel2;
void
f a s t c a l l CustomAlignPosition(TControl* Control,
i n t 4NewLeft, i n t 4NewTop, i n t &NewWidth,
i n t sNewHeight, Types::TRect SAlignRect,
const TAlignlnfo SAlignlnfo);
private:
public:
f a s t c a l l TForml(TComponent* Owner);
1056
17
:
void
fastcall
TForral::CustomAlignPosition(TControl* Control,
i n t SNewLeft, i n t sNewTop, i n t SNewWidth,
i n t SNewHeight, Types::TRect SAlignRect,
const TAlignlnfo sAlignlnfo)
{
Panell->Left = 0;
Panell->Top = 0;
Panel2->Top = 0;
NewWidth = ClientWidth / 2;
NewHeight *= ClientHeight;
if (Control == Panel2)
NewLeft = ClientWidth / 2;
)
CustomAlignPosition. ,
ClientWidth , , ClientHeight .
ClientWidth 12.
, , , OnResize (. ).
Bitmap
8 8 , Brush
TBrush
property TBitmap* Bitmap
Bitmap TBitmap. 8 8 ,
Brush.
BitMap,
, Style. BitMap , ,
.
8 8 ,
8 8.
TBitmap , Bitmap.
TBitmap , .
Graphics::TBitmap *MyBitraap = new Graphics::TBitmap;

try
{
MyBitmap->LoadFromFile("MyBitmap.bmp") ;
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Bitmap = MyBitmap;
}
finally
, , , ,
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Bitmap
delete MyBitmap;
1057
NULL;
MyBitmap TBitmap
"MyBitmap.bmp". Imagel>
Canvas>Brush>Bitmap . Imagel.
BitMap NULL, Style. MyBitmap , .
BoundsRect
, ,
TControl
struct TRect
{
int Left;
int Top;
int Right;
int Bottom;
};
property Windows::TRect
BoundsRect
BoundsRect TRect .
Left ( ), ( ), Width (), Height () . , :
Control->BoundsRect.Left
Control->BoundsRect.Top
Control->BoundsRect.Right
Control>BoundsRect.Bottom
Control->Left
*
Control->Top
Control->Left + Control-> Width
Control>Top + Control->Height
.
. , , BoundsRect.Left . , , . BoundsRect.
BoundsRect Rect (.
. 16.3.3, . 16), TRect.
, , ClientWidth ClientHeight. . Width Height.
, , , .
34 C-H-Buildei 6
1058
17
1. Panell (, Align = alTop).

StaticTextl StaticText, , . ' , OnResize OnShow :
StaticTextl->Left =
(Panell->BoundsRect.Left + Panell->BoundsRect.Right StaticTextl->Width) / 2;
, BoundsRect, :
StaticTextl->Left := Panell->Left + (Panell->Width StaticTextl->Width) / 2;

2. , Memol
.
Panell , , :
Memol->BoundsRect - Panell->BoundsRect;
3.
Panell 12. :
TRect rec;
rec = Panell->BoundsRect;
// Panell
Panell->BoundsRect = Panel2->BoundsRect; // Panell
Panel2->BoundsRect = rec;
// Panel2
4. BoundsRect Rect. Memol Panell, .
, Memol , Panell , 10 ( ), 40 ( ).
, OnResize Panell :
Memol->BoundsRect =
Rect(10,40,Panell->ClientWidth-10,Panell->ClientHeight-10) ;
5. BoundsRect .
BringToFront Visible.
Brush

TWinControl

property Graphics::TBrush* Brush
Brush () , Canvas.
, . . Brush , Color Style.
Assign.
, , , ,
1059
TBrush Brush. .
, . TBrush.
Canvas
(, )
TForm, TImage. TBitMap, TPaintBox

property Graphics::TCanvas* Canvas
Canvas TCanvas Brush, ,

.
TImage ,
Picture .
Picture , TBitMap.
Canvas EInvalidOperation. Picture , Canvas , , TextOut.
Charset
,
TFont
typedef Byte TFontCharset;
property TFontCharset Charset
Charset TFont.
, , . Charset
. , , Charset.
C++Builder ,
. , , ,
, . .
ANSI CHARSET
ANSI.
DEFAULT
CHARSET
.
Name Size.
,
Windows .
SYMBOL CHARSET 2
MAC CHARSET
77
Macintosh. NT 3.51.
GREEK CHARSET
161
. NT 3.51.
34-
17
1060
RUSSIAN
CHARSET
204
. NT 3.51.
EASTEUROPE
CHARSET
238
(,
) -
. NT 3.51.
OEM_CHARSET
255
TFont Charset, DEFAULT_CHARSET. , C++Builder ,

.
RUSSIAN_CHARSE.
,
DEFAULT_CHARSET .
. 4 . Font.
ClientHeight

TControl
property int ClientHeight
ClientHeight . ClientHeight , , ,
- (. . BoundsRect).
ClientRect.Bottom (. ClientRecti.
TControl ClientHeight Height. Height. ,
ClientHeight - , , ,
.
, Panel 1, ListBoxl,
. ,
OnResize :
ListBoxl->Height = Panell->ClientHeight - ListBoxl->Top - 20;
. 5.2 . 5.
ClientOrigin

TControl

, , , ,
1061
struct TPoint
{
int
int
);
x;
;
property Windows::TPoint ClientOrigin
ClientOrigin
. TPoint.
.
ClientOrigin , TWinControl (.. ), (-),
Left . , ClientOrigin ElnvalidOperation.
ClientRect

TControl

struct TRect
{
int Left;
int Top;
int Right;
int Bottom;
);
property Windows::TRect ClientRect
ClientRect TRect.
.
Left , Right Bottom
ClientWidth ClientHeight. ClientRect
Rect (. . 16.3.3, . 16) Rect(0, 0, ClientWidth, CHentHeight).
, ,
.
ClientWidth

TControl
property int ClientWidth
ClientWidth . ClientWidth ,
1062
17
, , - (. . BoundsRect),
ClientRect. Right (. ClientRectV
TControl Client Width Width. Width ,
.
ClipRect
(
, OnPaint.
TCanvas

struct TRect
(
int Left;
int Top;
int Right;
int Bottom;
};
property windows::TRect ClipRect
ClipRect
, . ClipRect .
OnPaint , . .
Color
, TFont .
TControl
property Graphics: -.Tcolor Color
Color
TFont. , , RGB (. . TColor),
C++Builder .
clBlack
clMaroon
clGreen
clOlive
clNavy
clPurple
-
-
'
, , , ,
clTeal
clGray
cl Silver
clRed
clLime
clBlue
cIYellow
cIFuchsia
clAqua
clWhite
clBackground
cIScrollBar
cIActiveCaption
cllnactiveCaption
cIMenu
clWindow
cIWindowFrame
cIMenuText
clWindowText
cICaptionText
clActiveBorder
clInactiveBorder
cIAppWorkSpace
clHighlight
clHightlightText
clBtnFace
clBtnShadow
clGrayText
clBtnText
cllnactiveCaptionText
clBtnHighlight
cl3DDkShadow
cl3DLight
clInfoText
clInfoBk
1063
Windows

,

,

;
Windows 95/98 NT 4.0
; Windows 95/98 NT 4.0
1064
17
.
, Windows.
Windows. , . , cIBtnFace - .
, . , .
ParentColor true (
), Colpr , .
, .
Color, ParentColor false.
CommaText, DelimitedText, Delimiter, QuoteChar

TStrings
property AnsiString CommaText

property AnsiString DelimitedText
property char Delimiter
property char QuoteChar
CommaText , SDF (system data format).

,
, . , ( ).
DelimitedText ,
, QuoteChar, ,
, , Delimiter.
CommaText DelimitedText , Delimiter "," QuoteChar " " ".
ComponentConnt
,
TComponent
. . Components.
Componentlndex

TComponent
. . Components.
Components
,
TComponent
, , , ,
1065
property TComponent* Components[int Index]
Components , . Index Componentludex, TComponent.

0, .. 0. , Components, nentCount, TComponent. ComponentCount 1
Components.
Components ComponentCount , - .
1. , Buttonl, 10 .
for(int i = 0; i < ComponentCount; i++)
if(Components[i]->Name != "Buttonl")
( (TControl *)Components[i])->Left += 10;
2. , Tag , Tag =1.
for(int i - 0; i < ComponentCount; i++)
if (Components [i]-i;Tag -- 1)
((TControl *)Components[i])->Left += 10;
i
ControlCount

TWinControl

property int ControlCount
ControlCount Controls . Controls,

ControlCount, . ControlCount 1 , .
. . Controls.
Controls

TWinControl

property TControl* Controls[int Index]
Controls
. ,
Parent -
1066
17
. Index . , 0, Z- .
Controls
, .
ControlCount. .
Controls Components. Components , , . ,
Components.
Controls . (
) Z-.
Z- , Bring To Front Send To Bock.
, ,
, (0 , ).
Edit, .
Z- BringToFront SendToBack. Z-
InsertControl RemoveControl, , Parent, .

void
fastcall FuncfTObject *Sender);
, Sender. - , - , .. ,
((TControl *)Sender)->Left += 10;
10 .
, , Panell :
forfint i - 0; i < Panell->ControlCcmnt; i++)
Func(Panell->Controls[i]);
- Indl Ind2,

for(int i = Indl; i < Ind2; i++)
Func (Panell->Controls[i]) ;
.
Panell
, , :
for(int i 0; i < Panell->ControlCount; i++)
ShowMessage("Ind "+IntToStr (i) + ' + Panell->Controls[i]->
CopyMode

TCanvas
, , , ,
1067
property int CopyMode
CopyMode CopyRect TBitmap.

.
CopyMode (
Windows.hpp):
cmBlackness
, , . .
cmDstlnvert
.
.
cmMergeCopy
,
and. To , cmSrcAnd.
cmMergePaint

, or.
cmNotSrcCopy
. .
cmNqtSrcErase ,
, .
cmPatCopy
. .
cmPatlnvert
, .
cmPatPaint
,
. , or.
cm S re And
, and. To , cmMergeCopy.
cmSrcCopy
. . .
cmSrcErase

, and.
cmSrdnvert
, .
.
cmSrcPaint
,, or.
cm Whiteness
, , . .
1068
17
Imagel->Canvas->CopyMode " cmSrcCopy;

Rect(0,0,100,100));
Image2
Imagel. ,
Imagel, .
Imagel->Canvas->CopyMode cmSrdnvert;
Rect(0, 0,100,100) ) ;
Iraagel->Canvas->CopyRect(Rect(0,0,100,100),Image2->Canvas,
Rect (0,0,100,100) );
Image2 Imagel emSrdnvert. CopvRect Imagel Image2

, CopyRect
Imagel .
Imagel->Canvas->CopyMode = cmWhiteness;
Rect(0,0,100,100) ) ;
Imagel, . Image2
.
Cursor
,
TControl
enum TCursor {crMm=0x7f f f-1, crMax=0x7fff);

property TCursor Cursor
, . , Cursor DragCursor.

.
Cursor DragCursor
, Screen.
, TScreen,
(. . 4.7, . 4).
TScreen :
, , , ,
crDefanlt
1069
- crHour Glass
.
crArrow.
crNone
crDrag
cr Arrow
crNoDrop
crCross
crHSplit
crIBeam
crVSplit
crSize
crMuItiDrag
crSizeNESW
crSQLWait
crSizeNS
crNo
crSizeNWSE
crAppStart
crSizeWE
crHelp
crUpArrow
crHandPoint
Delimiter
. CommaText, DelimitedText, Delimiter, QuoteChar.
DelimitedText
DragCursor
CM. Cursor.
DragKind
, Drag&Drop,
Drag&Doc
TControl
enum TDragKind ( dkDrag, dkDock };

property TDragKind DragKind
DragKind , ( Drag&Drop) dkDrag, ( Drag& Doc) dkDock.

DragMode

TControl
1070
17
enum TDragMode { dntManual, draAutomatic );

property TDragMode DragMode
DragMode . :
dmAutomatic - .
.

dmManual
, BeginDrag
DragMode . . OnDragDrop.
Font

TControl
property Graphics::TFont* Font

,
Font TFoat. TFont, Color.
Height. Name, Pitch. Size. Style . .
Font . TFont.
1. Memol, , FontDialogl .
, Memol,
:
Memol->Font->Assign(FontDialogl->Font);
, FontDialogl->ExecuteO true
Memol .
2. , ,

RichEdit :
RichEditl->SelAttributes->Assign(FontDialogl->Font! ;
3. ,
, ComboBoxl
Memol .
(
OnCreatei. OnClick ComboBoxl , Name Font
Memol.
void
{
ComboBoxl->ltems Screen->Fonts;
, , , ,
1071
ComboBoxl->ItemIndex - 0;
)
void
{
}
f a s t c a l l TForml::ComboBoxlClick(TObject *Sender)
Memol->Font->Name - ComboBoxl->Items->Stnngs t
ComboBoxl->ItemIndex];
4.
Charaet. , (, CSpinEdit) ,
OnClick :
Memol->Font->Charset - CSpinEditl->Value;
5. Eiici.
ComboBox, Items
fpDefault, fpPixed fpVariable, OnClick :
switch (ComboBox2->ItemIndex)
{
case 0: Memol->Font->Pitoh = fpDefault;

break;
case 1: Memol->Font->i'itch = fpFixed;
break;
case 2: Memol->Font->Pitoh - fpVariable;
Handle

TWinControl
^ p r o p e r t y HWND Handle

Handle API Windows, -.

.
Handle ,
. .
Height

TControl
property int Height
Height
. . . . ClientHeight, ClientRect.
Height

1072
17
TFont
property int Height
Height . Height
, .
Height, :
Size , Windows.
Height Size PixelsPerlnch (
. TFonU :
Font->Height = -Font->Size * Font->PixelsPerInch / 72
, , , Size Height. Size ; Height .
HelpContext
-
TControl
typedef int THelpContext;

property Classes::THelpContext HelpContext
HelpContext
- . ,
F1, .
HelpContext 0, HelpContext (-, ). , HelpContext , , HelpContext, , . THelpContext
Classes.cpp
typedef
int
THelpContext;
HelpContext, C++Builder 6, HelpTvpe = htContext.

HelpKeyword
:
i
, -
TControl
property
AnsiString
HelpKeyword
HelpKeyword
- . , F1, .
HelpKeyword C++Builder 6
HelnTvne = htKeyword.
, , , ,
1073
HelpType
, -
TControl
ertum THelpType (htKeyword, htContext);

property Classes::THelpType HelpType
HelpType , : HclpContext (
htContext), HelpKevword ( htKeyword)
- , . C++Builder 6.
Imagelndex

TMenuItem, TToolButton, TListltem, TTreeNode, TTabSheet .
property int Imagelndex
Imagelndex ,
, , , .. Images
- ( TMenu TPopupMenu, , ..) 0. Imagelndex = - 1 ,
.
-, ( Images
NULL),
Bitmap TMenuItem. Bitmap Images NULL Imagelndex.
Bitmap .
Left

TControl
property int Left
Left .
(, , , ,
).
Left ,
.
Left (. . BoundsRect Components).
Mode

1074
17
enum TPenMode (pmBlack, pmWhite, pmNop, praNot, pmCopy,

pmNotCopy, pmMergePenNot, praMaskPenNot,
pmMergeNotPen, pmMaskNotPen, pmMerge,
pmNotMerge, pmMask, pmNotMask, pmXor, pmNotXor};
property TPenMode Mode
Mode ,
. Mode .
Mode:
pmBlack
pm White
pmNop
pmNot
pmCopy

, Color :

>
pmNotCopy

pmMergePenNot
pmMaskPenNot ,
pmMergeNotPen
praMaskNotPen ,
pmMerge

pmNotMerge
pmMerge:

pmMask
, .
pmNptMask
pmMask: ,

pmXor
: , ,
pmNotXor
pmXor: ,
,
Name
,
TComponent
property AnsiString Name
Name , . -
, , , ,
1075
. .
C++Builder , .
. - , 17 Buttonl3.
Name . . Components.
Parent
,
TControl
property TWinControl* Parent
Parent , .. -, . , , , . , , , , , .
true ParentFont.
ParentColor, ParentShowHint. ParentCtI3D.
: Parent ,
Owner . ,
. ,
. .
Application .
Parent .
,
, Parent.
Parent . Visible.
ParentColor
. . TControl.
_ _ _
,
TCanvaa
property TPen*
,
. (.
).
, , .
Assign.
1076
17
PenPos

TCanvaa
property Windows::TPoint PenPos
PenPos TPolnt
. , , LineTo.
PenPos MoveTo (, LineTo). PenPos MoveTo.
Pitch

TFont
enum TFontPitch ( fpDefault, fpVariable, fpFixed );

property TFontPitch Pitch

. . , .
, .
.
Pitch:
fpDefault
, ..
Name
fpFixed
fpVariable
. fpVariable fpFixed Windows .

, .
.
.
. 5 . Font.
Pixels
ClipRect
TCanvas
enura TColor (clMin0x7f ff f fff-1, clMax-0x7fffffff};

property TColor Pixels[int X][int Y]
, , , ,
1077
Pixels X Y
ClipRect. ClipRect. Pixels - 1 .
. FillRect. . . 6, . 6.1.3.
Pixels. Pixels 1. Pixels
.
QuoteChar
. CommaText, DelimitedText, Delimiter, QuoteChar
Shortcut
,
TMenuItem
typedef Word TShortCut;

__property TShortCut Shortcut
Shortcut , . Shortcut .
Shortcut .
Shortcut ShortCut,
TextToShortCut, ShortCutToText (. . 16.7.4, . 16)
Size
()
TFont
property int Size
Size (, Windows). Size , . Size ,

.
: Height
. Size Height PixelsPerlnch ( . TFont) :
Font->Size = -Font->Hei<jht * 72 / Font->PixelsPerInch
, , ,
Size Height. Size ; Height .
17
1078
Style TPen

enum TPenStyle (psSolid, psDash, psDot, psDashDot,

psDashDotDot, psClear, psInsideFrame};
property TPenStyle Style
Style .
:
psSolid

psDash

psDot

psDashDot
-
psDashDotDot ,
psClear

psInsideFrame , Width > 1 , Windows
. 6, . 6.1.3.3.
Width = 1. .
psInsideFrame , .
Windows.
Style TBrush
Brush
TBrush
enum TBrushStyle (bsSolid, bsClear, bsHorizontal, bsVertical,

bsFDiagonal, bsBDiagonal, bsCross, .
bsDiagCross};
property TBrushStyle Style
Style , Brush,
Bitmap.
Style:
bsSolid
bsClear
bsCross
bsDiagCross
1079
, . , ,
bsBDiagonal
bsFDiagonal
WMkz
bsHorizontal
bsVertical -
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color = clRed;
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Style - bsDiagCross;
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse (0, 0, Imagel->Width, Imagel->Height);
Imagel ,
.
Style TFont

TFont
enum TFontStyle { fsBold, fsltalic, fsOnderline, fsStrikeOut j;

typedef Set<TFontStyle, fsBold, fsStrikeOut> TFontStyles;
property TFontStyles Style
Style : . Set, ,
:
fsBold
fsltalic
fsUnderline
fsStrikeout
Tag
,
TComponent
property int Tag
Tag . , .
, Tag
.
Tag . . Components.
1080
17
Top

TControl
property int Top
.
"
(, , ,
, ). . , .
(. . BoundsRecU Components).
TransparentColor
,
TBitmap
property TColor TransparentColor
TransparentColor TColor TransparentMode. TransparentMode tmAuto,

TransparentColor .
TransparentColor, TransparentMode
tmFixed. . TransparentColor, TransparentMode tmAuto,
TransparentColor .
TransparentMode
. TransparentColor.
Visible
,
TControl
property bool Visible
Visible .
Visible true, ;
Visible false, ,
. false Visible -, , Visible. Visible - true,
, Visible = true.
, , , ,
1081
Visible , ,
, ,
.
Visible . ,
.
false Enabled. , . ,
, .
true false Visible Show Hide. < Visible true.
Visible false.
: Panel 1 12, - : . 12 Panel 1, , , . OnCreate :

Panell->Visible - true;
Panel2->Parent = Forml;
Panel2->BoundsRect = Panell->BoundsRect;
12 , a Panell .
,
Visible, true Panell false 12.
12 Forml.
12 , Panell. ,
Panell. ,
, Panell.
, 12 Panell, - , Visible, true Panell false 12.
OnCreate :
Panel2.
|
SetBounds:
Panel2->SetBounds(Panell->Left,
Panell->Top,
Panell->Width, Panell->Height);

Panell. ,
12, :
Panell->Visible = false;
Panel2->Visible = true;
. Panell, :
Panell->Visible - true;
'
. BringToFront.
1082
17
Width

TControl
property int Width
Width
.
. - Width . . . GlientWidth, ClientReet.
17.2
Add

TList, TStringLlst, TStrings
TList:
int
fastcall Add(void * Item);
Tgtrings TStringList:
virtual int __fastcall Add(const System: :AnsiString S);
Add . , . ,
, . ( 0).
Count 1. Count
Capacity ( ), Capacity ( ) .
TStringList Add
EListError. S Duplicates
dupError.
1.
TList *List = new TList;
'// - :
List->Add((char *)malloc(10));
2.
TStringList *TL = new TStringList; //
TL->Sorted = true;
//
TL->Duplicates = dupError;
//
TL->Add("");
int i = TL->Add(""); // .. , i~0
TL->Add("");
// -

int i - TL->Add("");
, , , ,
1083
i 0, , . : String list does not allow dubliucates.

Assign

TBitMap, TIcon, TMetaFite, TPicture
virtual void
fastcall Assign (Classes::TPersistent * Source);
Assign , Source, . .
Graphic TPictnre. Graphic TBitMap. TIcon. TMetaFile.
TBitMap. TIcon. TMetaFile
Clipboard.
tinclude <vcl\Clipbrd.hpp>.
Graphic TPicture ,
, .
1. : Image2 Image!.
, Image2 TBitMap.
Imagel->Picture->Bitmap->Assign(Image2->Picture->Bitmap) ;
Imagel->Picture->Bitmap->Assign(Image2->Picture->Graphic) ;
2. Image2 Clipboard.
Clipboard () ->_Assign (Image2->Picture->Bitmap) ;
Clipboard()->Assign(Image2->Picture->Graphic) ;
3. Clipboard Image 1. Clipboard ,

.
Imagel->Picture->Bitmap->Assign(Clipboard());
Assign
,
TBlobField, TBrush, TChechConstraint, TClipboard, TCollection, tColumn,
TColumnTitle, TControlScrollBar, TCoolBand, TCustomlmageList, TDuteTimeColors,
TDimensionltems, TField, TFieldDefs, TFont, THeaderSection, TIndexDefs, TJPEGImage, TListCotumn, TListltems, TOleGraphic, TParaAitnbutes, TParam, TParams,
TPen, TPersistent, TSmalllntArray, TStatusPanel, TStringGridStrings, TStrings,
TTexiAttrtbuies, TTreeNode, TTreeNodes
<06beKT-Ha3Ha4eHMe>->Assign(<->) ;
Assign .
TPersistent , . -
1084
17
C++Builder . , TPersistent. Assign

EConvertError.
Assign
<-> = <->;
<->
<->. Assign .
Assign .
, D>Assign(S) 1>
, S ( S ). Assign ,
AssignTo, TPersistent , . S>AssignTo(D).
AssignTo , AssignTo TPersistent .
1. FontDiaolgl, . :
Font->Assign(FontDialogl->Font);
2. SL1 SL2 TStringList. ComboBoxl,

SL1 SL2 ,
RadioGroupl. OnClick , . Boxl->ltemlndex = 0 ,
.
TStringList *SL1 - new TStringList;
TStringList *SL2 - new TStringList;
voj,d
fastoall TForml: :RadioGrouplCliok (TObêct *Sender)
{
if(RadioGroupl->ItemIndex == 0)
ComboBoxl->Items->Assign(SL1);
else ComboBoxl->Items->Assign(SL2);,
ComboBoxl->ItemIndex - 0;
}
3. Assign , , TClipboard TBitmap.

Clipboard()->Assign(Bitmap);

Bitmap->Assign(Clipboard());
BeginDrag

TControl
void
fastcall BeginDrag(bool Immediate, int Threshold);
, , , ,
1085
BeginDrag , . DragMode dmManual. .

BeginDrag MouseDown. Immediate () , ,
. . Immediate false, , , Threshold.
, .
Threshold ( ),
BeginDrag DragThreshold
Mouse.
. . OnDragDrop.
BringToFront
Z-
TControl
void
fastcall BringToFront(void);
BringToFront ,

Z-, . , , , Z- . BringToFront Z- .
, , ,
, .., , , Memo,
ComboBox . Z- BringToFront .
, BringToFront ,
, .
1. , - ,
.
( Buttonl Button2),
.
Buttonl->BringToFront();
Button2->BringToFront();
, .
1086
17
2. : Panell 12, -
. 12 Panell, '
, , . OnCreate
:
Panell->BringToFront ();
12
Forml. 12 ,
Panell. ,
Panell. ,
, Panell. Panell.
, ,
12 Panell, - (, ,
).
OnCreate :
Panell->BringToFront();
12 Panell.

Panell. , 12, :
Panel2->BringToFront();
. Panell, :
Panell->BringToFront();
. Visible,
BringToFront .
BrushCopy
, ,
TCanvas
void
fastcall BrushCopy(const Windows::TRect SDest, TBitmap* Bitmap,

const Windows::TRe0t Source/ TColor Color);
BrushCopy
Bitmap , Color , Brush. Source Bitmap. Dest , .
, Color , Color Brush .
, , , ,
1087
Forml->Canvas->BrushCopy(Rect(10,10,100,100) ,
Bitmapl, Rect(10,10,100,100) , clBlack) ;
(10, 10) (100, 100)
Bitmapl Forml
, Forml>Canvas>Brnsh>Color.
Chord
:
,

TCanvas
void
fastcall Chordfint XI, int Yl, int X2, int 2,
int X3, int Y3, int X4, int 4);
Chord : , , . Brush. (XI, Y1) (2, Y2) ,

.
, (, Y3). ,
(4, Y4). .
(, Y3) (4, Y4) .
Windows 95/98 XI + 2, Y1 + Y2 XI + 2 + Yl + Y2
32768.
Windows NT
SetArcDirection.
Imagel->Canvas->Chord(0,0,
Image2->Canvas->Chord(0,0,
200,200,
200,200,
200,0,
0,0);
0,0,
200,0);
, .
ClassName

1088
TObject
s t a t i c Shortstring
fastcall ClassName(TClass e l s ) ;
ClassName . ,
- -. ClassName ,
, . ,
catch(Exceptions E)
{
ShowMessage("
"+.ClassName());
. ,
catch(Exceptions E)
{
ShowMessage(" "+.Message) ;
I
, .
Clear

TClipboard, TList, TStringList, TStrings, TComboBox, TDBCombobox,
TDBEdit, TDBListBox, TDBMemo, TDirectoryListBox, TDriveComboBox, TEdit,
TFileListBox, TListBox, TMaskEdit, TMemo, TOutline
DYNAMIC void
Clear
. .
Clipboard Clear
Clipboard. , ( Cut
).
ClientToParent ParentToClient

TControl
struct TPoint
f
int x;
int y;
);
TPoint
fastcall ClientToParent(ponst TPoint Point,

TWinControl *AParent (TWinControl*) NULL);
Types::TPoint
fastcall ParentToClient(
const Types::TPoint sPoint,
TWinControl* AParent = (TWinControl*) NULL);
, , , ,
1089
ClientToParent ( C++Builder 6)
Point AParent. ParentToClient .
AParent ,
. , Parent.
AParent NULL , .
AParent
Parent nil, ElnvalidOperation.
Panell, Forml - . Panell

12. , Forml,
. , , 12 Panell.
,
:
TPoint Coord - Panell->ClientToParent(
Point (Panel2->Left,Panel2->Top),Forml);
Panel2->SetBounds(Coord.x. Coord.y, Panel2->Width, Panel2->Height);
12,
Panell, Forml Coord. 12. 12 Forml.
<
Panell , (Forml) ClientToParent NULL.
ClientToScreen

TControl
struct TPoint
(
int x;
int ;
);
Windows::TPoint
fastcall ClientToScreen(
const Windows::TPoint SPoint);
ClientToScreen
( ) (
).
ScreenToClient

.
35 C++Builder 6
1090
17
N
- Comp2->ScreenToClieftt (Compl->ClientToSCreen(P)) ;
Compl 2.
CopyRect
___
'
{
TCanvas
void fastcall CopyRect(const Windows::TRect SDest,

TCanvas* Canvas, const Windows::TRect SSource);
CopyRect Source Canvas Dest

TCanvas. ,
CopvMode.
Imagel->Canvas->CopyRect(MyRect2,Bitmap->Canvas,MyRectl) ;
Image 1 MyRect2
MyRectl Bitmap.
Delete___

TList, TStringList, TStHngs, TMenuItem
void
fastcall Delete(int Index);
Delete .
, ( ).
.
(
).
.
, .
for (I - 0; I < 1; I++)

1
List->Delete(O);
List.
:
for (I - 0; I <- 1; I++)
List->Delete(l) ;
, 1 , 2. , , 2.
, , , ,
1091
Draw

TCanvas
void
fastcall Draw(int X, int Y, TGraphic* Graphic);
Draw , , Graphic,
. X Y. ,
. TBitmao.
, CopvMode.
Imagel->Canvas->Draw(10,10, Bitmapl)
Image 1 Bitmapl (10, 10).
DrawFocusRect
,
,
TCanvas
void __fastcall DrawFocusRect(const Windows::TRect SRect);
DrawFocusRect Rect , , .. . , .
, ,
Imagl 10 10 :
int ;
bool drag = false;
void __fastcall TForml:;lmagelMouseDown(TObject 'Sender,
TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shi,ft, int X, int Y)
f
//
Imagel->Canvas->DrawFocusRect(Rect(X-5 ,Y-5, X+5 + 5 ) ) ;
//
XO - X;
YO - Y;
//
drag - true;
}
//
void fastcall TForml: : ImagelMouseMove (TObiject Sender,
TShiftState Shift, int X, int Y)
1092
17
if( Idrag) return;

//
Imagel->Canvas->DrawFocusReot(Rect(XO-5,Y0-5,X0+5,Y0+5));
//
Imagel->Canvas->DrawFocusRect(Rect(X-5,Y-5,X+5, Y+5));
//
XO - XV
YO = Y;
)
y/
_
_
r

void
fastcall TForml::ImagelMouseUp(TObject Sender,
TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift, int X, int Y)
<
if( Idrag) return;
//
Imagel->Canvas->DrawFocusRect(Rect(XO-5,YO-5,X0+5, YO+5));
//
drag *= false;
)
,
( drag = true). , . .
Ellipse

TCanvas
void
f a s t c a l l E l l i p s e d n t XI,
i n t Yl,
i n t X2,
i n t Y2);
Ellipse
. Brush, (XI, Y1) (2,
Y2) , .
32768.
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color - clRed;
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Style = bsDiagCross;
Imagel->Canvas->Ellipse(0, 0, Imagel->Width, Imagel->Height);
, Image 1 .
Exchange

TList, TStringList, TStrings
TList:
void
fastcall Exchange (int Indexl, int Index2);
TStrings TStringList:
virtual void
fastcall Exchange(int Indexl, int Index2);
, , , ,
1093

Exchange Indexl Index2 . ( ).
,
.
Exchange TStringList. ,
. , Exchange .
List TList .
( ).
for(int i - 1; i < List->Count; i++)
i f ( * ( ( i n t *)List->Items[O]) > * ( (int *)List->Items[i]))
List->Exchange (0, i ) ;
:
for(int j = 0; 2 < List->Count-l;
for(int i = j; i < List->Count;
if (*((int *)Liat->Items[j]) > *((int *)List->Items[i]))
List->Exchange (j, i ) ;
/
FillRect
,
Brush
TCanvas
void
fastcall FillRect(const Windows::TRect SRect);
FillRect , Rect,
Brush.
, .
FillRect Rect Rect (. .
16.3.3, . 16).
Imagel->Canvas->FillRect(Rect(0,0, Imagel->Width, Imagel->Height));

Image 1, ,
Brush.
FindNextControI

TWinControl
TWinControl*
fastcall FindNextControI(
TWinControl* CurControl, bool GoForward,
bool CheckTabStop, bool CheckParent);
1094
17
FindNextControl CurControl . CurControl

, , . , CurControl .
GoForward true, , CurControl.
GoForward false, .
CheckTabStop CheckParent .
CheckTabStop true, , TabSton true. CheckTabStop false TabStop
. CheckParent true, , Parent , .. . CheckParent false,
, .
FindNextControl GetTabOrderlist .
TWinControl *Obj;
for(int i = 0; i < Forml->ControlCount; i++)
{
obj = Forml->FindNextControl(obj,true, true, true);
obj
Forml, , ..
TabStop true. ,
, , ,
TabStop true, , .
CheckParent false:
obj = Forral->FindNextControl (obj, true, true, false);
, TabStop true, , , ,
, TabStop .
CheckTabStop false:
obj < Forml->FindNextControl(obj,true, false, false);
,
TabStop.
FloodFill
,
TCanvas
enum TFillStyle {fsSurface, fsBorder);

void
fastcall FloodFill(int X, int Y, TColor Color,
TFillStyle FillStyle);
, , , ,
1095
FloodFill Brush , (X, Y). X Y ,

. Color, FillStyle. Color TColor
, ,
FillStyle , .
FillStyle = fsSurface, , Color,
. FillStyle = fsBorder, , , Color,
Color .
1.
l->Canvas->Brush->Color = clWhite;
lmagel->Canvas->FloodFill(X,,Imagel->Canvas->Pixels[X][],fsSurface);

Imagel , {X, Y)
, . , OnClick Imagel, , , , .
2.
lmagel->Canvas->Brush->Color = clWhite;
Imagel->Canvas->FloodFill(X, Y, clBlack, fsBorder);

Imagel , (X, Y)
, . .
FrameRect

TCanvas
void
f a s t c a l l FrameRect(const Windows::TRect SRect);
FrameRect Rect,
Brush. 1 .
. Rectangle ,
( Rectangle )
( Rectangle ).
Imagel~>Canvas->BruSh->Color = clBlack;
Imagel->Canvas->FrameRect(Rect(10,10,100,100));
Imagel .
Free

1096
17
TObject
fastcall Free ;
-
Free , , . delete,
Free.
Free ,
(
NULL). .
Hide

TControl
void
fastcall Hide(void);
'
Hide , False Visible. ,

.
, .
IndexOf
1

TList, TStringList, TStrings
TList:
int
fastcall IndexOf(void * Item);
virtual int __fastcall IndexOf(const System;:AnsiString S) ;
IndexOf ( Item TList S TStringList TStrings').

0 (0 ). , - 1 .
, , Editl.
TStringList *LPerson = new TStringList;
if (LPerson->IndexOf(Editl->Text) < 0)
ShowMessage(" " + Editl->Text + " ");
Insert
,
,
________^_

, , , ,
1097
TLiat, TStringList, TStrings
TUst:
void __fastcall Insert(int Index, void * Item);
virtual void
fastcall Insert(int Index, const System::AnsiString S) ;
Insert ( Item S)
, Index. Index = 0,
. , Index, , .. 1.
, Insert
EListError. Add.
TStringList TStrings , , Insert InsertObject.
LineTo
,

TCanvas
void
fastcall LineTo(int X, int Y) ;
LineTo , PenPos (X, Y), (X, Y). PenPos (X, Y). ,
Imagel->Canvas->MoveTo(XI,Y1) ;
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(X2,12)
Imagel->Canvas->LineTo(, )
- , (Xl.Yl), (X2,Y2) (X3.Y3).
LoadFromClipboardFormat
Clipboard
TGraphic, TBitmap, TIcon, TMetafile, TPicture
virtual void
fastcall LoadFromClipboardFormat(
Word AFormat, int AData, HPALETTE APalette);

Clipboard. AFormat , AData
APalette .
: CF_BITMAP CF_METAFILEPICT .
AData GetAsHandle TClipboard.
1098
17
include <vcl\Clipbrd.hpp>

RegisterClipboardFormat.
, ) EInvalidGraphic.
include <vcl\Clipbrd.hpp>
if (Clipboard{)->HasFormat(CF_BITMAP))
{
try
<
Imagel->Picture->Bitmap->LoadFromClipboardFormat(CF_BITMAP,
Clipboard()->GetAsHandle(CF_BITMftP) , 0 ) ;
>
catch (...)
<
ShowMessage(" ");
}
>
else
ShowMessage(" ");

Image 1,
LoadFromFile
,
TGraphic, TPicture
virtual void fastcall LoadFromFile<const AnsiString FileName);
LoadFromFile FileName
.
,
, EInvalidGraphic.
if (0penPictureDialagl->ExecuteO )
Imagel->Picture->LoadFromFile(OpenPictureDialogl->FileName);
OpenPictureDialogl, , Imagel.
Move

System
TList, TStringList, TStringa
void
fastcall Move(int Curlndex, int Newlndex);
Move , Curlndex, ,
^, , , ,
1099
Newlndex ( 0). TStrinps TStringList

, .
My Strings
.
MyStrings->Move(Q, MyStrings->Count - 1 ) ;
MoveTo
,
TCanvas
void
f a s t c a l l MoveTo(int X, i n t Y) ;
MoveTo PenPos
(X, Y). PenPos. MoveTo .
ParentToClient

. . ClientToParent ParentToClient.
Pie

TCanvas
void
fastcall Pie(int XI, int Yl, int x2, int 42,

i n t X3, int Y3, int X4, int Y4);
Pie .
. (XI, Y1) (2, Y2) , . , (, Y3). , (4, Y4). . , (,
Y3) (4, Y4).
32768.
Windows NT
SetArcDirection.
Imagel->Canvas->Pie(0, 0, 200, 200, 200, 0, 0, 0 ) ;

Image2->Canvas->Pie(0, 0, 200, 200, 0, 0, 200, 0 ) ;
, .
1100
17
PoIyBezier PolyBezierTo
,
TCanvas
void
void
fastcall PoIyBezier(const Windows::TPoint * Points,

const int Points_Size);
fastcall PolyBezierTo (const Windows: .-TPoint * Points,
const int Points_Size};
PoIyBezier PolyBezierTo Points_Size,

Points, .
PoIyBezier , a PolyBezierTo . Points_Size
( , , ++der): PoIyBezier 3 (.. i*3), PolyBezierTo
, 3 (.. i*3-l). , .
N
, , :
PoIyBezier(points, (N/3)*3);
PolyBezierTo(points, (N/3)*3-l);
N .
-sin(x)
PoIyBezier, PolyBezierTo Polyline.
const N - 10, Lx = 500, Ly = 100, T = 10;
TPoint points[Nl;
//
for (int i = 0; i <= N; i++)
points[i] - Point ((int) (i * Lx / ( N - D ) ,
(int)(sin((double)i * T / (N-l))*Ly) +
Imagel-XTlientHeight / 2) ;
//
Imagel->Canvas->Pen->Color = clBlack;
Imagel->Canvas->Polyline(points, N-l);
Imagel->Canvas->Pen->Color = clRed;
Imagel->Canvas->PolyBezier(points,
(N/3)*3);
, , , ,
1101
Imagel->Canvas->Pen->Color = cl^reen;
Imagel->Canvas->PolyBezierTo(points,
(N/3)*3-l);
, .
Polyline
Polygon
() ,
TCanvas
void
fastcall Polygon(const Windows::TPoint * Points,
Polygon (, )
, Points.
. Polygon
Polyline, .
. Brash.
, TPoint.
TPoint p o i n t s [ 5 ] ;
p o i n t s [ 0 ] Point (30,150);
p o i n t s t l ] - Point(40,130);
p o i n t s [ 2 ] = Point(50,14Q);
p o i n t s [ 3 ] - Point(60,130);
p o i n t s [ 4 ] = Point(70,150);
Imagel->Canvas->Polygon(points,4);
, points.
Polyline
-
TCanvas
1102
void
fastcall Polyline(const Windows::TPoint * Points,
Polyline - , Points. Polyline Polygon , Polygon , Polyline .

.
PenPos .
- ,
TPoint.
, Polyline, MoveTo
LineTo.
LineTo. , Polyline , MoveTo LineTo .
TPoint points[5];
points[1] - Point(40,130);
points[2] - Point (50,140);
points[3] - Point(60,130);
points[4] - Point (70,150);
Iraagel->Canvas->Polyline(points, 4) ;
I
- , Point (. . 16.3.3, . 16) points.
Rectangle
TCanvas
void _ fastcall Rectangle (int XI, int XI, int X2, int 2) ;
Rectangle ,
(XI, Y1), (2, Y2).
Brush.
, FillRect.
RoundRect. FrameRect.
Imagel->Canvas->Rectangle(10,10, 210,110) ;
Refresh

TControl
void
fastcall Refresh(void);
, , , ,
1103
Refresh .
Refresh Repaint. Refresh Repaint .
Repaint

TControl
virtual void
fastcall Repaint(void);
Repaint
. ControlStyle csOpaque,
. Repaint Invalidate.
Update.
RoundRect

TCanvas
void
fastcall RoundRect (int XI, int 41, mt X2, int 42,
int X3, int Y3);
RoundRect , Brush. (X1,Y1)

(X2.Y2). Y3.
> 2 - XI, ( ). Y3 > Y2 - Y1,
.
, . , ,
Ellipse. , . , ,
Rectangle.
,
:
Imagel->Canvas->RaundRect(10,10,110,210,50,100);
Imagel->Canvas->RoundRect(160,10,260,210,100,100) ;
Imagel->Canvas->RoundRect(310,10,410,210, 50, 200);
Imagel->Canvas->RoundRect(460,10,560, 210,100,200) ;
1104
17
SaveToClipboardForinat
Clipboard
TGrapfiic, TBitmap, TIcbn, TMetafile, TPicture
v i r t u a l void
fastcail
SaveToClipboardFormat(Word SAFormat,
i n t SAData, HPALETTE SAPalette) - 0;
SaveToClipboardFormat Clipboard. , ' AFormat, AData APalette. : CF_BITMAP

CF_METAFILEPICT .

RegisterCIipboardFormat.
Clipboard AFormat AData SetAsHandle.

include <vcl\Clipbrd.hpp>.
, Clipboard , Assign Clipboard TGraphic. TBitMap.

TIcon. TMetafile.
include
<vcl\Clipbrd.hpp>
Word MyFormat;
THandle AData;
HPALETTE APalette;
Imagel->Picture->Bitmap->SaVeToClipboardFormat(MyFormat,
AData,/APalette);
Clipboard()->SetAsHandle(MyFormat, AData) ;
, Picture>Bitmap Imagel, MyFormat. :

if (Clipboard!)->HasFormat(MyFormat) )
(
try
Image2->Picture->Bitmap->LoadFromClipboardFormat(CF_BITMAP,
Clipboard()->GetAsHandle(MyFormat) , 0 ) ;
}
catch
(...)
i
ShowMessage (" ");
)
)
else
ShowMessage(" MyFormat");
,
SaveToClipboardFormat, , :
Clipboard()->Assign(Imagel->Picture->Bitmap) ;
Clipboard ()->Assign(Imagel->Picture->Graphic) ;
, , , ,
1105
SaveToFile
6
TGraphic, TMetafile, TPicture
virtual void
fastcall SaveToFile(const AnsiString Filename);
SaveToFile
FileName.
SaveToFile TPktere , ,
.
, My.ico My.bmp.
TIcon *lco new TIcon();
try
(
ico->LoadFromFile("Wy.ico");
Imagel->iutoSize false;
Imagel->idth = ico->Width;
Imagel->Height - ico->Height;
Imagel->Canvas->Draw(O, 0, ico) ;
imagel->Picture->SaveToFile("My.bmp");
)
finally
{
delete ico;
ScreenToClient
___*^__

TControl
struct TPoint
(
int x;
int ;
};
Windows::TPoint
fastcall ScreenToClient(const Windows::TPoint SPoint);
ScreenToClient ( ) (
).
ClientToSfcreen

.
Comp2->ScreenToClient(Compl->ClientToScreen(P));

Compl 2.
1106
17
SelectFirst
, TWinControl
void
fastcall SelectFirst(void);
SelectFirst , . FindNextControl. , NULL. FindNextControl , .
SelectFirst();
SelectNext
,
TWinControl
void
f a s t c a l l SelectNext(TWinControl* CarControl,
bool GoForward, bool CheckTabStop);
SelectNext , , CarControl. GoForward : true , false .

CheckTabStop ,
Tab. Stop, true. CheckTabStop true,
TabStop. true, .
SelectNext
GoForward CheckTabStop, CurControl.
SendToBack
Z-
TControl
'void
fastcall
SendToBack(void);
SendToBack .

Z-,
. ,
,
, , , ,
110*7
, Z-
. SendToBack Z- .
, .
, , ,
, .., , , Memo,
ComboBox . Z- SendToBack . , SendToBack ,
, .
, BrinqfToFront. , .
BrinqTaFront. ,
SendToBack, .
SetBounds
Left, Top, Width Height
TControl
v i r t u a l void _ f a s t c a l l SetBounds(int ALeft, int ATop,

int AWidth, int AHeight);
SetBounds , . Left. Top. Width Height. To, SetBounds , ,

. ,
.
Left. Top. Width Height SetBounds ALeft, ATop, AWidth AHeight.
, , . .
Visible BringToFront.
SetFocus

TWinCantrol
virtual void
fastcall SetFocus(void);
SetFocus , .
Editl->SetFocus() ;
Editl.
1108
_^_
17
Show

TControl
void
f a s t c a l l Show(void);
Show .
true Visible , .
. .
Visible.
/
StretchDraw
>______^_
|
,

TCanvas
void
f a s t c a l l StretchDraV (const Windows::TRect SRect,

TGraphic* Graphic);
StretchDraw ,, ,
Graphic, ,
Rect. .
StretchDraw firaw.
.
Graphic , . 1 TBitMap,
, CoovMode.
Imagel->Canvas->StretchDraw(Rect(10,10,110,110)/Bitmapl);
Image 1 Bitmapl (10, 10) (110, 110).

100.
TextExtent
, ^
TCanvas
struct TSize
{
LONG c x ;
LONG ;
);
TSize
fastcall TextExtent(const AnsiStrxng Text);
v
'
, , , ,
1109
TextExtent TSize,
Text, (.
Canvas) . .
TextHeight TextWidth.
String st - Editl->Text;
Canvas->TextOut((ClientWidth - Canvas->TextExtent(st).ex) / 2,
Canvas->TextExtent(st).cy,st);
,
Editl, () .
TextHeight
,

TCfanvas
'
int
fastcall TextHeight (const AnsiString Text);
TextHeight Text,
Canvas .

.
TextExtent. , . TextHeight , TextExtent(Text).cy.
String st = Editl->Text;
Imagel->Canvas->TextOut( (Imagel->ClientWidth Imagel->Canvas->TextWidth(st)) / 2,
Imagel->Canvas->TextHeight(st) , st) ;
, Editl, Image 1, .
. TextRect.
TextOut
,
TCanvas
,
void __fastcall TextOut(int X, int Y, const AnsiString Text);
TextOut Text (. Canvas1). (X, Y). Font- Brush.

Penpos .
1110
17
, : TextExtent.
TextHeight Text Width.
, , .
.

, TextRect,
Imagel->Canvas->TextOut(10, 10, s) ;
, s, Imagel, (10, 10).

. TextExtent. Text Height. TexfrWidth
TextRect.
TextRect
* - p.
^
- -. H
, ,
TCanvas
void
_fastcall TextRect(const Windows::TReet SRect,

int X, int Y, const AnsiString Text) ;
TextRect Text (. Canvasi.

(X, Y) . ,
fleet, .
Eani. Beet Brush.
, :
TextExtent. TextHeight TextWidth.
,
1.
int Xl,Yl,X2,Y2;
String st Editl->Text;
XI = 100;
Yl - 100;
X2 - 200;
Y2 - 150;
Imagel->Canvas->Brush->Color = clRed;
Imagel->Canvas->TextRect (Rect(XI,Y1,X2,Y2),
Xl+(X2-Xl-Imagel->Canvas->TeXtWidth(st)) / 2,
Yl+(Y2-Yl-Imacrel->Canvas->TextHeight(st}> / 2, st) ;
Imagel
TextRect ,
Editl. , . , .
, , , ,
1111
2.
Imagel->Canvas->TextRect (Rect (Xl-5, VT1-5,
Xl+lmagel->Canvas->TextWidth(st)+5,
n+Imagel->Canvas->TextHeight(st)+5),
XI, Yl, s t ) ;
, 5 . , ,
TextOut(Xl,Yl,st);
TextOut.
TextWidth
,

TCanvas
int
fastcall TextWidthfconst AnsiString Text);
TextWidth Text, (. Canvas) . .

TextExtent. , . TextWidth , TextExtent(Text).ex.
String st = Editl->Text;
Imcigel->Canvas->TextOut ((Imagel->ClientWidth Imagel->Canvas->TextWidth(st)) / 2,
Imagel->Canvas->TextHeight (st) , st)i;
,
Editl, .
<
, tRect.
Update

TWinControl
virtual void
fastcall Update(void);
Update , - Windows . , , Repaint.

Update Window API Windows.
1112
17
17.3
OnChange TCanvas

TCanvas
typedef void ( closure *TNotifyEvent)(System::TObject* Sender);

property Classes::TNotifyEvent OnChange
OnChange .
:
1. OnChanging.
2. TCanvas .
3,. OnChange.
OnChange , . , Font ,
OnChange.
OnChanging
. OnChange.
OnClick

TControl
typedef void ( closure *TNotifyEvent)(System::TOfcoect* Sender);

property Classes::TNotifyEvent OnClick
OnClick , , . , :
, , , ,
.
,
.
Enter, , Default.
Esc, , Cancel.
. , Caption &
, Alt-
OnClick .
true Checked RadioButton.
Checked CheckBox.
Click .
, , , ,
1113
OnClick ,
.
,
Seeder , , .
OnClick
. , , Sender, , ,
;
ShowMessage("OnClick "+((TControl *)Sender)->Name);
, , .
OnCreate
___*_
.
TCustomForm
typedef void ( closure *TNotifyEvent)(System::TObject* Sender);

property Classes::TNotifyEvent OnCreate
OnCreate -
. -
, , OnDestroy.
, Visible, true: OnCreate, OnShow, OnActivate, OnPaint.
OnDblCIick

TControl
typedef void ( closure *TNotifyEvent)(System:iTObject* Sender);

property Classes::TNotifyEvent OnDblCIick
OnDblCIick , : ,
.
OnClick OnDblCIick,
.
Sender , , (. . OnClick).
OnDragDrop
1114
17
TControl
typedef void (
closure *TDragDrppEven,t) (
System:iTObject* Sender,
System::TObject* Source,
i n t X, i n t Y);
property TDragDropEvent OnOragDrop
OnDragDrop . ,
. Source , Sender , .
X Y
.
1. TListBox *
.
.
DragMode, dsiAutomatic.
.
OnDraÔver :
void
f a s t c a l l TForml:;ListBoxlDragOver(TObject *Sender,
TObject *Source, i n t X, i n t Y, TDragState S t a t e ,
bool SAccept)
(
Accept - Source->ClassNameIs("TListBox");
}
,
TListBox.
\
OnDragQver .
, OnBragDrep ;
void
f a s t c a l l TForml::ListBoxlDragDrop(TObject *Sender,
{
TListBox *S - (TListBox *)Souroe;

((TListBox*) Sender) ->Iterns->Adot(S->lteras->Strings[S->IteraIndex]) ;
S->Items->Delete(S->ItemIndex);
)
,
-. , & , 1, ((TListBox*)Sender) S ListBoxl. ( , , ).
OnDragDrop .
, , .
.
2. -
, (, -
), .
, , , ,
1115
DrapMode. dmManual.
.
OnMouseDown :
void __fastcall TForml::ListBqx3MouseDown(TOBJect *Sender,
TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift, int x, int Y)
{
,
'
if ( (Button >-- mbLeft) && < - >)
((TControl*)Sender)->BeginDrag(false, 5) ;
)
, , - , ( ). BcginDrag . false 5, 5 .
OnMouseDown .
.
3. Drag&Drop
5, . 5,4.1.
OnDragOver
,

TControl
typedef void ( closure *TDragOverEvent)(

System: :TObject* Sender, System: :TOb;ject* Source,
int X, int Y, TDragStata State, bool Accept);
property TDragOverEvent OnDragOver
OnDragOver , .
, , , . OnDragOver , ,
. ,
Accept, true. ,
true, .
, . ,
.
, , , . ,
OnDragOver ( ) DracCursor.
Source , Sender
, X Y . State TDragState
. ;
1116
1?
dsDragEnter
dsDragMove
dsDragLeave
.
, .
.
void
fastcall TForml::ListBoxlDragOver (TObject Sender,

TObject *Source, mt X, int Y, TDragState Sta'te,
bool SAccept)
{
Accept - ( ( (TControl*>Sexlder)->Name ~ "ListBoxl") ;
}
OnDragOver , , ListBoxl.
, , OnDragOver, . OnDragDrop.
OnEndDrag

TControl
typedef void
closure *TEndDragEvent) (
System::TOb]eot* Sender,
System::TObject* t a r g e t , i n t X, i n t Y);
property TEndDragEvent OnEndDrag
OnEndDrag ( ) ( , ). .
& . , -
, , - .
Sender . Target
-, , NULL, . X Y .
void
fastcall TForml::ListBoxlEndDrag(TObject *Sender,

tObêot Target, int X, int Y)
if (Target NOLL)
ShowMessage(" "+
((TControl*)Sender)->Name + " ");
else
ShowMessage(((TControl*)Sender)->Mame + " "
+ ( (TControl*)Target)->Name);
}

ListBoxl ListBoxl ListBox2.
, , .
$'
, , , ,
OnEnter

TWinControl
'
typedef void ( closure *TNotifyEvent)(System::TOb]ect* Sender);

property Classes::TNotifyEvent OnEnter
OnEnter . .
, , , , OnEnter , . OnExit.
, .
, . . , ^)^.- OnEnter , OnEnter

, .
, OnExit ,
OnExit , OnEnter .
OnExit
-
TWinControl
typeclef void ( closure *TNotifyEvent) (System: :TOb]eot* Sender);

property Classes::TNOtifyEvent OnExit
OnExit ,
.
.
*
ActiveControl ,
OnExit.
, , , , OnExit ,
.
OnEnter.
, , .
, , . OnEnter.
OnKeyDown
.

TWinControl
enum Classes
1 { ssShift, ssAlt, ssCtrl,

ssMiddle, ssDouble );
ssLeft,
ssRight,
1 '
typedef Set<Classes
typeclef void (
1, ssShift, ssDouble>
IJVI
'
TSJiiftState;
closure *TKeyvent) (System: sTOirject* Sender,

Word SKey, Classes::TShiftState S h i f t ) ;
property TKeyEvent OftKeyDown
. OnKeyDown , , , , , Shift, Alt Ctrl.

, Sender, , , Key
Shift. Key . - API Windows.
Key . 16, . 16.1.1. .
Shift , :
*
ssShift
ssAlt
Shift.
Alt.
Ctrl.
ssCtrl
Shift, , .
Alf-X.
:
i f ( ( K e y ~ 'X') & S h i f t . C o n t a i n s ( s s f t l t ) ) . . . ;
Enter
:
if (Key 13) ... ;
/
if (Key == OxOD) . . . ;
if (Key -- VK_RETURN) ... ;

OnKeyPress
u___

TWinControl
typedef void ( closure *TKeyPressEvent)(

System: :TObjeet* Sender, char SKey);
property TKeyPressEvent OnKeyPress
OnKeyPress , , . Key -
, , , ,
11
f Char . .
, ASCII ( ,
Shift, Alt, Ctrl), .
, , , Shift-A, OnKeyPress,
Key . , , ,
OnKeyDown OnKeyUp.
, QnKeyPresS , Shift.
- , OnKeyPress ( OnKevDown OnKeyUp ) , , . , Alt
OnKeyPress . OnKeyPress ,
.
Key , , , .
1. ,
Editl - , . , Editl
OnKeyPress:
Set <char, ' 0 ' , ' 9 ' > Dig;
D i g ' 0 ' << ' ' 2 '
'6' '71 '8'
if t ! D i g . C o n t a i n s < K e y ) )
Key - 0 ;
' 3 ' '<3'

'9';
'5'
/

.
2. OnKeyPress
, , :
Key - UpCase(Key);
' ' ' '
.
, ( . . 16.4.2.3, . 16):
Key - AnsiOpperCase(Key)[1];
OnKeyUp

' TWinControl
enum Classes_l { ssShift, ssAlt, ssCtrl, ssLeft, ssRight,

ssMiddle, ssDouble } ;
typedef Set<Classes 1, ssShift, ssDbuble> TShj.ftState;
typsdef void ( closure *TKeyEvent)(System::TObject* Sender,
Word &Key,
Classes::TShiftState Shift);
property TKeyEvent OnKeyUp
1120
________^
17
OnKeyUp , , ,
, , Shift, Alt Ctrl.
, Sender, , Key
Shift. Key , .
- API Windows.
Key . 16, . 16.1.1.
.
Shift , :
ssShift
Shift.
Alt.
Ctrl,
ssAlt
ssCtri
Shift, , ^
.
OnKeyUp , ,
, . , Key
word, char,
. , ,
,
.
,
Shift-Y. :
i f ( ( K e y
'Y')
SS
Shift.Contains(ssShift))
...
Y, ,
, , Y.
OnKeyPress.
OnMouseDown OnMouseUp

TControl
enum TMouseButton { mbLeft, mbRight, mbMiddle );

Classes
typedef
I
ssShift, ssAlt, ssCtri, ssLeft, ssRight,

ssMiddle, ssDouble !;
Set<Classes
1, ssShift, ssDouble>
TShiftstate;
typedef void ( closure *TMouseEvent)(System::T0b3ect* Sender,

'
TMouseButton Button,
Classes:iTShiftstate Shift,
int X, int Y ) ;
property TMouseEvent OnMouseDown
, , , ,
1121
OnMouseUp, .
TMouseEvent:
property TMouseEvent OnMouseUp
OnMouseDown OnMouseUp ,
- .
,
, Button Shift. Button , : mbLeft , mbRight , mbMiddle . Shift , Shift, Alt, Ctrl ( ssShift, ssAlt,
ssCtri), ssDouble . X Y . Sender
, .
1. OnMouseDown , - (, - ),
. DragMode. dmManual, . OnMouseDown :
void
fastcall TForml::ListBox3MouseDown(TObject *Sender,
TMouseButton Button, TShiftState Shift, int X, int Y)
I
if ((Button == mbLeft) && < - >)
((TControl*)Sender)->BeginDrag(false, 5);
)
if (Button == mbLeft) , Shift:
if
(Shift.Contains(saLeft))
...;
2. , , , ,
Alt, :
if ((Button =- mbLeft) SS (Shift.Contains(ssAlt)))
((TControl*)Sender)->BeginDrag(false, 5);
OnMouseEnter
,
TCustomLabel
typedef void (__closure *TNotifyEvent)(System:iTofcgect* Sender);

property Classes::TNotifyEvent OnMouseEnter
OnMouseEnter , . OnMouseEnter , -
. , , , ^6 C++Buttder 6
1122
17
OnMouscLcave. OnMouseEnter
((TLabel *)Sender)->Font->Color - clBlue;
OnMouseLeave
((TLabel *>Sender)->Font->Color = clBlack;
- .
OnMouseLeave
^
..
,
TCustomLabel
typedef void ( closure *TNotifyEvent) (-Systeift: :TObject* Sender)^property classes::TNotifyEvent OnMouseLeave
OnMouseLeave , -
, OnMouêEnter
- , . OnMouseEnter.
OnMouseMove

TCantrol
enuro Classes 1 { ssShift, ssAlt, ssctrl, ssLeft, ssRight,

ssMiddle, ssDouble \;
typedef Set<Classes 1, ssShift, ssDouble> *TShiftState;
typedef void ( closure *TMouseMoveEvent)(
Systefti: :TObject* Sender,
Classes::TShiftState Shift,
int X, int Y ) ;
_property TMouseMoveEvent OnMouseMove
OnMauseMove , -
.
Shift, , ,
, (Shift, Ctrl
) . X Y
. Sender ( )
.
OnMouse.Move , -
. , C++Builder,
( -
) , -, .
if
(Shift.Contains(ssAlt))...
, Alt
, , , -
.
1t23
, , , ,
OnMouseUp
. . OnMouseDown OnMouseUp.
OnPaint
^___
Windows
TCustomForm, TPaintBox
typedef void
closure *TNotifyEvent)(System::TObjeot* Sender);
property-- Classes : :TNotifyEvent OnPaint
OnPaint , Windows . -
. . Canvas ClipRect. , .
, ,
BitMap, OnPaint :
Canvas->Draw(0,O,BitMap);
PaintBox
PaintBoxl->Canvas->Draw(0,0,BitMap);
ClipRect
, :
Canvas->CopyRect(Canvas->ClipRect, Bitmap->Canvas, canvas->ClipRect);
OnProgress

TGraphic, TImage, TPicture
enum TProgressStage {psStarting, psRunning, psEndingf;

typedef void (
closure *TProgressEvent)(
System: tTObject"* Sender,
TProgressStage Stage,
Byte PeroentDone,
bool RedrawNow,
const Windows:^TRect &R,
const AnsiString Msg);
property TProgressiSVent OnProgress
OnProgress , , , . , . OnProgress, Progress.
1124
17
Stage : , , . psStarting, psRimning

psEnding. , Stage = psStarting, , Stage =
psRunning Stage = psEnding. PercentDone ,
.
.
RedrawNow ,
. R ,
.
Msg . , Loading, Storing Reducing colors. Msg .
OnStartDrag
,
TControl
typedef void
(__closure *TStartDragEvent)(
System::TObject* Sender,
TDragObject* SDragOb]ect);
property TStartDragEvent OnStartDrag
OnStartDrag ,
, , , .. .
OnStartDrag -
, . Sender
,
.
DragObject NULL. , . TDragControlObject, C++Builder . , - ..
17.4
VCL
VCL C+-t-Builder "
, .
, .
,
.
, , , ,
TObject
VCL.
, , : ClassName, ClassNamels, ClassParent, Free, InheritsFrom
Exception
.
HelpContext Message, ,
TPersistent
VCL C++Builder,
. Assign
TComponent
.
Name - Owner

TControl
.
,
, , , , ..
,
TWinControl
TCustomEdit
.
, , , I
, - [
,
.
TCustomCombo- . Box

TButtonControl
TGraphicControl
, , , . Canvas ,
TMenu
TMenuItem
TCommonDialog
.
Execute
17
t126
TField
. :
AsFLoat, Aslnteger ..
TDataSet
(TTable, TQnery, TStoredProc .).

, C++Builder .

TStrings
AnsiString
C++Builder AnsiString , vcl/dstring.h Delphi. . AnsiString .
AnsiString ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=. . , , , , . ,
, , .
AnsiString . =, += () +. [ J. 1. , S1 - "", S l [ l ] '', Sl[2] '' ..
AnsiString . 14, . 14.4.2. AnsiString ( S1 ,
):
'
AnsiCompare
int
fastcall AnsiCompare(const AnsiString& rhs) const
SI rhs . Windows , . > 0 SI > rhs, < 0
SI < rhs 0 S1 = rhs
/
AnsiCompareIC
int
fastcall AnsiCompareIC(const AnsiString& rhs) const
, AnsiCompare,

AnsiLastChar
char*
fastcall AnsiLastChar() const
.
AnsiPos
int
fastcall AnsiPos(const AnsiString& subStr) const

subStr S1. 1. subStr S1, 0.

il
, , , ,
AnsiString
112?
/
__fastcall AnsiString(apryMeHT)
. :
const char* src
const AnsiString& src AnsiString src

,
const char* src,
len unsigned char len
src
const wchar_t* src

src wchar_t
int src

src

src
;
15
double src
c_str
char* _fastcall c_str()const

, , AnsiString
CurrToStr
static AnsiString __fastcall CurrToStr (Currency value)

value Currency
static AnsiString
fastcall CurrToStrF(Currency value,
TstringFloatFormat format, int digits)
value Currency ,
(. . TstringFloatFormat ).
. CurrToStrF 19
CurrToStrF
Delete
FloatToStrF
Format
void
fastcall Delete(int index, int count)
, index ,
count
static AnsiString
fastcall FloatToStrF(long double value,
TstringFloatFormat format, int precision, int digits)
value ,
(. . TstringFloatFormat }? precision digits
. 7
float, 15 double 18 Extended
static AnsiString
fastcall Format(const AnsiString& format,
const TVarRec *args, int size)
, format args
1128
17
FormatFloat
static AnsiString
fastcall FormatFloat(
const AnsiString& format, const long double& value)
value , format (. . 16, . 16.1.2.5)
Insert
void
fastcall Insert(const AnsiString& str, int index)
str, index
IntToHex
static AnsiString
fastcall IntToHex(int value, int digits)
value ,
digits
IsDelimiter
bool fastcall IsDelimiter (const AnsiString& delimiters,

int index) const
true, index , delimiters.
IsEmpty
bool
fastcall IsEmptyO const
true,
LastDelimiter
int __fastcall LastDelimiter(const AnsiString& delimiters) const

, delimiters. ,
AnsiString s "c:\\filename.ext";
s.LastDelimiter("\\.:" );
12 ( )
Length
int
fastcall Length() const

LowerCase
AnsiString
fastcall LowerCase() const
, .
Pos
int
fastcall Pos(const AnsiString& subStr) const

subStr S1. 1. subStr Sl^ 0. AnsiPos
SetLength
void
fastcall SetLengtb(int ne^vLength)
newLength . ,
StringOfChar
static AnsiString
fastcall StringOfChar(char ch, int count)
, ch count .
,
AnsiString s = AnsiString::StringOfChar('',
10);
, , , ,
Substring
AnsiString
fastcall SubString(int index, int count) const
,
index count
ToDouble
double
fastcall ToDonble(> const
. , EConvertError
Tolnt
int
fastcall Tolnt() const
. , EConvertError
ToIntDef
int
fastcall ToIntDef(int defaultValue) const
. , defaultValue
Trim
AnsiString
fastcall Trim() const
, ,
TrimLeft
AnsiString
fastcall TrimLeft() const
, ,
TrimRight
AnsiString
fastcall TrimRight() const
, ,
Unique
void
fastcall UniqueQ
, ..
(refcnt) 1. ,

UpperCase
AnsiString fastcall UpperCase() const

, .
WideChar
wchar_t* fastcall WideChar(wchar_t* dest, int destSize) const

dest wchar_t

WideCharBufSize
int
fastcall WideCharBufSize() const
, WideChar
Set
, Delphi,
VCL
vcl/sysset.h
1130
17
template<class T, unsigned char minEl, unsigned char maxEl>

class
declspec(delphiretttrn)
Set;
;
type
minval
( int, char )
maxval
( 255}
( 0)
Set .
- , , , , . ,
Set <char, 'A' , ' si;

Set <char, 'X', 'Z'> s2;

i f ( s i s2)
...
, si s2 .
Set , , (. . 14.6, . 14).
TBitmap
Windows {),
(HPALETTE)
TObject TPersistent TGraphtc
graphics
TBitmap Windows, .
,
, .
,
TBitmap.
Canvas
TCanvas
()
.
.
Empty
bool
, .
.
Handle
HBITMAP
GDI Windows. API

Windows.
, , , ,
HandleType
Height
ignorePalette
Modified
MaskHandle
Monochrome
Palette
PixelFormat
ScanLine
Transparent
TransparentColor
TransparentMode
Width
1131
enum TBitmapHandleType ,
DDB (Device Dependent Bit{bmDIB, bmDDB}
map ),
DIB (Device Independent Bitmap
). .

int
. , .
,
bool
. true , .
, bool
.
HBITMAP
GDI Windows. API Windows. .
, bool
( true).
HPALETTE
256 .
, Palette 0.
TPixelFormat
.
{pfDevice, pflbit, pf4bit,
pf8bit, pflSbit, pfl6bit,
pf24fiit, p32bit, pfCustom} , .

void *
DIBs
(Device Independent Bitmap ). .
,
bool
.
,
TColor

. TransparentMode.
enum TTransparentMode , TransparentColor {tmAuto, tmFixed}
.

int
. , .
1132
17
, TBitmap.
'
Assiea
, , Clipboard.
Dormant
Freelmage
, , , . . Dormant.
LoadFromClipboard1"
Format
Clipboard .
LoadFromFile
LoadFromResourcelD
LoadFromResourceName
LoadFromStream
Mask
ReleaseHandle
HBitmap TBitmap .
ReleaseMaskHandle
HBitmap
TBitmap .
ReleasePalette
HPalette TBitmap.
Clipboard .
SaveToFile
SaveToStream
OnChangB
OnProgress
TBrush
:
TObject TPersistent TGraphic&Object
graphics
, , , ,
1133
TBrush HBRUSH Winodws

. TBrush , , Brush.
Bitmap
TBitmap
, .
Color
TColor
. clWhite.
Handle
HBRUSH
, GDI Windows.
Style
TBrushStyle
TBrush He - . , Assign, .
-.
TBrush TGraphicsObject OnChange. , .

TBrush.
Imagel->
Canvas Imagel:
Imagel>Canvas->Brush->Style = bsCross;
Imagel->Canvas->Brush*>Color = clRed;
Imagel->Canvas->FillRect(Rect(0, 0, Imagel->Width, Imagel->Height));
FillRect .
TCanvas
(, ) ,
>
TObject TPersistent
t
graphics
TCanvas C++Builder.
:

, ,
, ,

TCanvas TControlCanvas TMetafileCanvas,
.
1134
17
,
TCanvas.
Brush
TBrush
CanvasOrientation
enum TCanvasOrientation ( }
{ coLeftToRight,
{ ) .
coRightToLeft }

ClipRect
TRect
, ,int.
CoDvMode
int
Fopt
TFont
Handle
LockCount
HDC
, ,

,
.
int
TPen
Pixels
TextFlaffs
TPoint
TCpipr
int
, TCanvas.
Arc
BrushCoov
Chord
CoDvRect

,
,
,

Draw
DrawFocusEficJ
Ellipse
,
,

, , , ,
1135
FiURect
,
Brush
,

,
>
,

FloodFill
FrameRect
LineTo
Lock
MoveTo
Ek

,
PolvBezierTo ,
Polygon
-
PolvBezier
Polyline
Rectangle
RoundRect

StretchDraw ,
TextExtent ,
,
TextHeiffht

,
TextOut
,
TextRect
,
,
TextWidth

TryLock
, ,

Unlock
LockCount, , LockCount
0
OnChantre
OnChanging
36
17
.^________
TColor
4

Graphics
enum TColor
{clMin0x7fff ffff-1,
cIMax-0x7fffffff} ,-
TColor . Color , TFont. , ..

Graphics TColor.
( clBlue ),
, Windows (, cIBtnFace
). . . Color,
TColor 4- , , . ,
OxOOFFOOOO , OxOOOOFFQO ,
SOOOOOOFF . 0x00000000 , OxOOFFFFFF .
(00),
. (), . (02),

.
TCursor
. Cursor
TDragMode
. DragMode.
,.
TFont

TObject TPeraistent TGraphicsObject
graphics
^
TFont , ,
: , , (, ) .. Font.
Name.
,
Charset .
Name, CharSet, Pitch, Size
, , Windows .
TFont
: Color = clWindowText, Name = MS Sans Serif, Size 8, Pitch =
fpDefault, CharSet = DEFAULT_CHARSET PixelsPerlnch.
1137
, , , ,
Charset
TFontCharset
Color
TColor
FontAdapter
_di_IChangeNotifier
ActiveX
Handle
HFONT
, API Windows,
.

Height
int
Name
System::AnsiString
()
Pitch
enum TFontPitch {
fpDefault, fpVariab-
le, fpFixed }
PixelsPerlnch int
'

.
,

. .
Size
int
()
Style
enum TFontStyle
{ fsBold, fsltalic,
fsUnderline, fsStrikeOut }
: , , ,
TFont , , . :
TFont . PixelsPerlnch Assign .

TFont OnChange TGraphicsObiect.

TFont . .
Font.
TObject TPersistent TGraphicsObject

graphics
Windows
TCanvas.
1138
i/
<
Color
TColor
. cffilaek
Handle
HPBN
. API Windows
Mode
TPenMode
Style
TPenStyle
Width
int
. SisM
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OnChanffe
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TPoint

1140
___________
17
Windows
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struct TPoint
{
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TPoint . ,

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C++Builder
Windows.cpp.
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sffNumber, sffCurrency };
, , , ,
1141
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42
17
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TStringList TStrings , CommaText, Names, StringsAdapter, Text, Values.
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1144
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TStrings* Strings)
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void Clear(void)
void Deletefint Index)

Index
bool Equals(TStrings* Strings)
Strings. true
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int Indexl, int Index2) Indexl Index2
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1145
int lndexOfObject(
System::TObjeet* AObject)
, AObject. , -1
void Insert( int Index,

S
Index. Index = 0,

void InsertObject(int Index,

const System::AnsiString S,
System::TObject* AObject)
S
Index
AObject. Index = 0,

void LoadFromFiIe(const
System::AnsiString File Name) FileName
void LoadFromStream(
TStream* Stream) Stream
void Move(int Curlndex,
Cuint Newlndex) rlndex, Newlndex
void SaveToFile<
const System::
FileName
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void SaveToStream(
Text TStream* Stream) Stream
void SetText(char * Text)
Text
17.5 ,

VCL
, , -
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,
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ActionList
ActionMainMenuBar
ActionManager
ActionToolBar
ADOCommand
ADOConnection
ADODataSet
ADOQuery
ADOStoredProc
ADOTable
Animate
Applet Application
AppletModule
3.2, 4.1 , 4.3 , 4.4, 4, 5. 1,4.5.2, 4.6,8.2

1.8, 4.1 , 4 .3 , 4.5, 5. 1. 1
1.8, 4.1 , 4 .3 , 4 .5, 5. 1. 1, 5.1.6
1.8, 4.1 , 4 .3 , 4.5, 5. 1. 1
10.4.1
10.4.1, 10 .4,.2, 10 .4. 3, 10.4.4
10.4.1
10.4.1, 10 .4 .4
10.4.1, 10 .4 .4
10.4.1, 10 .4 2 , 10 .4. 4
6.2.3
2.3.2.2
2.3.2.2
1146
Application
ApplicationEvents
BatchMove
Bevel
BDEClientDataSet
BitBtn
Button
CCalendar
CDirectoryOutline
CGauge
Chart
Chartfx
Checkbox
CheckListBox
ClientDataSet
ClientSocket
ColorDialog
ColorBox
ComboBox
ComboBoxEx
ControlBar
CoolBar
CorbaDataModule
CustomizeDlg
Database
DataModule
DataSetProvider
DataSetPageProducer
DataSetTableProdncer
DataSource
DateTimePicker
DBCheckBox
DBComboBox
DBCtrlGrid
DBEdit
DBGrid
J
DBImage
DBListBox
DBLookupCombo
DBLookupComboBox
DBLookupList
DBLookupListBox
DBMemo
DBNavigator
DBRadioGroup
DBRichEdit
DBText
DDEClientConv
17
1.9.3,1.6.2, 4.1, 4.6, 5.1.9, 5.3.2.1, 5.5.1, 5.5.3,
5.5.4 5.5.5,7.2.2,7.5.3.5, 7.9.1,8.1,16.6.2,16.7.2.3
3.2.3, 3.9.7, 4.1, 4.6, 5.1.9, 5.3.2.1, 8.2, 11.3
9.9
3.9.2
1.8, 9.4, 9.14.1, 9.14.2, 94.6
3.7.1, 3.7,2, 5.5.2, 6.1.2.3
3.7.1, 3.7.2, 3.9.7
3.3.3
3.10.3
3.6.6
3.6.4, 5.6.2
3.6.5, 5.6.2
3.7.1, 3.7.4, 3.7.5, 5.3.1.1, 7.8.3, 8.1, 8.3.4, 9.12
1.8, 3.2.5, 3.7.5
9.14.1, 9.14.2, 9.14.3, 9.14.4, 9.14.5, 10.7
12.12
3.10.5
1.8, 3.10.5
3.2.5, 3.4, 3.9.4, 3.10.3, 4.7, 7.5.3.2, 7.8.3, 8.1,
9.5.5, 9.8, 9.12, 10.1.6.4, 10.1,7, 12.4
1.8,3.2.5
3.9.5, 5.1.1
3.9.5, 5.1.1, 12.4
10.7
1.8, 4.1, 4.5.1, 4.5.2
9.4, 9.8, 9.14.6, 10.2.2, 10.4.1
4.7, 9.13
9.14.4, 9.14.5, 9.14.6, 10.6.1, 10.6.3, 10.7
12.10.2
12.10.1, 12.10.2
9.4, 9,5.1, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.10.1, 9.10.2, 9.12,
9.13, 9.14.5, 10.1.2.1, 10.1.6.1, 10.1.6.3, 10.1.7,
10.4.1, 10.4.4, 10.5.1, 11.2, 11.3
3.3.3, 3.4
9.5.2, 9.7
9.10.2
9.7, 9.10.1
9.4, 9.5.2, 9.7, 9.12, 10.4.1, 11.3
9.4, 9,5.1, 9.5.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.10, 9.10.2,
9.12, 9.14.5, 10.1.2.1, 10.1.6.1, 10.1.6.3, 10.1.6.5,
10.1.7, 10.4.1
6.1.1.1, 9.5.2, 9.7, 9.12, 9.14.5, 11.3
9.10.2
3.1
9.10.2
3.1
9.10.2
9.5.2, 9.7, 9.12
9.5.1, 9.14.5, 10.1.6.5
9.7
9.7, 11.3
9.4, 9.7, 9.10.1, 9.14.5
7.5.1, 7.5.2, 7.5.3.2, 7.5.3.3, 7.5.3.4, 7.5.3.5
, , , ,
DDECUentltem
DDEServerCoHv
DDEServerltem
DecisionCube
DecisionGraph
DecisionGrid
DecisionPivot
DecisionQuery
DecisionSource
DirectoryListBox
DrawGrid
DriveComboBox
Edit
FIBook
FileListBox
FilterComboBox
FindDialog
FontDialog
Form
Frame
GroupBox
Header
HeaderControl
HotKey
IBDatabase
IBDatabaselnfo
IBDataSet
IBEvents
IBQuery
IBSQL
IBSQLMonitor
IBStoredProc
IBTable
IBTransaction
IBUpdateSQL
IconView
Image
ImageList
Label
LabeledEdit
LCDNumber
List Box
ListView
t?47
7.5.1, 7.5.3.2, 7.5.3.3, 7.5.3.4, 7.5.3.5

7,5.1, 7.5.2, 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3.5
7.5.1, 7.5.2r 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3.3, 7.5.3.4, 7.5.3.5
11.1.1
11.1.1, 11.1.4
11.1.1, 11.1.2
11.1.1, 11.1.3
11.1.1
11.1.1, 11.1.3, 11.1.4
3.10.3
3.6.2
3.10.3
3.2.2, 3.2.3, 3.3.2^3.4, 3.9.5, 3.9.7, 3.10.S, 4.6,
5.1.8, 5.1.9, 5.2.5, 5.3.1.2, 5.3.2.2, 5.5.3, 7.2.2,
7.2.3, 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3,2, 7.5.3.3, 7.5.3.4, 7.5.3.5,
7.8.2, 7.8.3, 7.9.2, 7.9.3, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3.1, 8.4.4,
9.11.4, 9.12, 10.2.2, 10.3.5.2
3.3.4, 3.6.5
3.10.3
3.10.3
3.10.7
3.2.4, 3.10.4, 5.1.5 , 5.7.5!, 5.7.3, 11.2
2.4, 5.1.3, 5.2.4, 5..5, 5.6 .1, 6.1.1.2,6.1.7
3.9.7, 5.1.7
3.7.1, 3.7.4, 3.9.2, 3.9.7
3.1,3.7.7
3.1, 3.7.7
3.8.3
10.5.1, 10.5.2, 10.J).3
10.5.1
10.5.1
10.5.1
10.5.1, 10.5.3
10.5.1
10.5.1
10.5.1, 10.5.3
10.5.1, 10.5.3
10.5.1, 10.5.2, 10.55.3
10.5.1
8.1
5.4.3, 5.5.3, 5.6.4, 6.1.1. 1, 6.1.1.2, 6.1.1.4,

6.1.3.1, 6.1.3.2, 6.., 6.1.3.4, 6.1.4, 6.1.5.2,
6.1.6, 6.1.7, 6.2.2, 7.9.2, 7.9.3
3.2.5, 3.5.2, 3.5.3, 3.6.2, 3.7.7, 3.8.1, 3.9.3,
3.9.4, 3.9.5, 4.1, 4 .2, 4.3 , 4.4, 4.5,8.1,8.2, 11.3,
12.4
1.6, 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 3 .2.2, 3 .2.6, 3.9.7, 3.10.3,
5.5.3,5.7.1,6.2.4, 7.4.3, 7.4.4,7.5.3.5,7.6.2,7.6.3
7.8.2, 8.3.4, 12.11. 1
1.8, 2.2.2, 3.2.3
8.1
1.8, 1.9.6.2, 3.2.5, 3.4, 3 .8.3, 5.2.1, 5.2.2,

5.3.1.2, 5.4.1, 5.7.:L, 8.1
3.5.3
1148
MainMenu
MaskEdit
MediaPlayer
Memo
MonthCalendar
NMDayTime
NMFTP
NMMsg
NMMSGServ
NMNNTP
NMPOP3
NMSMTP
NMStrm
NMStrmServ
NMTime
NMURL
NMUUProcessor
NoteBook
OLEContainer
OpenDialog
OpenPictureDialog
Outline
PageControl
PageProducer
PageSeroller
PaintBox
Panel
PopupMenu
PrintDialog
Printer
PrinterSetupDialog
ProgressBar
QRDBImage
QRDBRichText
QRDBText
QRImage
QRLahel
QRMemo
QRRichText
QRShape
QRSnbDetail
QRSysData
Query
QueryTableProducer
QuickRep
RadioButton
3.5.3, 3.8.1, 3.8.8, 3.10.2, 4.1, 4.5.2, 5.1.1,

5.1.6, 5.42, 5.6.4, 5.5.5, 5.7.1, 6.1.4, 6.2.4, 7.7,
8.2, 11.2, 11.3, 12.4
3.2.2, 3.2.3, 3.4
6.2.4
2.81, 3.2.4, 3.3.3, 3.10.4, 3.10.5, 3.10.7,
4.5.2, 5.2.1, 5.3.1.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 7.2.2, 7.5.3.2,
7.5.3.3, 7.5.3.5, 7.9u3, 10.1.7, 12.11.1
3.3.3, 7.8.4
12.12
12.12
12.12
12.12
12.12
12.12
122
12.12
12.12
12.12
12.12
12.12
3.1, 3.9.3
7.7
8.9.7, 3.10.2, 5.5.5, 6.2.1.2, 6.2.3, 6.2.4, 7.2.3,
7.7, 12.4
3.10.2, 6.1.1.2, 6.1.1.4, 6.1.4, 6.1.7, 6.2.2
3.1, 3.5.2
3.1, 3.9.3, 5.4.2, 9.12
12.9, 12.10,3
3.9.4, 5.1.1
6.1.7
2.2.2, 3.2.2, 3.9.2, 3.9.3, 3.9.4, 4.7, 5.1.9,
5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.5, 5.4.2
3.8.1, 3.8.2, 3.9.4, 4.5.2, 5.1.1, 5.1.6
0.6
3.10.6,5.6.4
3.10.6
3.6.6, 11.3
11.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
11.2
9.4, 9.8, 9.14,4,10.1.2.1, 10.1.2.2, 10.1.6, 10.1.7,
10.2.2,10.2.4, .5.3, 10.4.1, 10.4.4,' 10.5.1,
11.2, 11.3, 12.10.3
12.10.3
11.2.
3.7.1, 3.7.4, 3.9.2, 5.3.1.1
, , , ,
ItadioGroup
ReplaceDialog
RichEdit
SaveDialog
SavePictureDialog
Screen
Scrollbar
ScrollBox
ServerSocket
Session
Shape
SpeedButton
CSpinEdit
Splitter
SQLConnection
SQLDataSet
SQLQuery
SQLStoredProc
SQLTable
SQLClientDataSet
StaticText
StatusBar
StoredProc
StringGrid
TabbedNoteBook
TabControl
Table
TabSet
TextBrowser
TextViewer
Timer
ToolBar
TrackBar
Tree View
UpdateSQL
UpDown
ValueListEditor
WebBrowser
WebModule
WordApplication
WordDocument
WordFont
WordLetterContent
WordParagraphFormat
1149
3.7.1, 3.7.4, 3.9.2, 5.3.1.1

3.10.7
3.2.4, 3.9.6, 3.10.2, 3.10.4, 3.10.7, 4.4, 4.7,
5.3.1.2, 5.5.1, 5.5.5, 5.6.2, 11.2, 14.9.1
3.10.2, 5.5.5, 7.7
3.10.2, 6.1.6
4.1, 4.7, 5.1.5, 6.1.2.4, 6.1.6
3.7.6
3.9.2, 3.9.4
12.12
9.4, 9.8, 9.13
3.6.3
3.7.1, 3.7.2, 3.7.3, 3.9.2, 3.9.4, 6.1.2.3, 6.1.4,
7.5.3.2
3.3.2, 3.3.3, 3.4, 3.9.4, 7.4.4, 8.1, 9.5.5, 14.4.1
3.9.2, 5.2.3
10.6.1, 10.6.2, 10.6.3
10.6.1, 10.6.3
10.6.1, 10.6.3
10.6.1, 10.6.3
10.6.1, 10.6.3
1.8, 10.6.1, 10.6.3
3.2.2, 5.2.1, 5.2.2
3.9.6, 4.6, 5.1.1, 5.1.9, 5.7.1, 8.2, 11.3, 12.4
9.4, 10.3.5.2, 10.3.5.3
3.2.6, 3.4, 3.6.2, 12.11.1
3.1, 3.9.3
3.1, 3.9.3
9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 9.10, 9.11, 9.12,
9.13, 9.14.2, 9.14.3, 9.14.4, 9.14.5, 10.1.2.1,
10.1.6.1, 10.2.2, 10.2.4, 10.4.1, 11.2, 12.10.1,
12.10.2, 12.10.3
3.1, 3.9.3
8.1
8.1
3.7.8, 5.5.3, 6.2.2, 7.6.3

3.2.5, 3.9.4, 3.9.5, 4.1, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5.2, 5.1.1,
7.7, 8.2, 11.3, 12.4
3.7.6, 5.3.1.2
3.1, 3.5.2
10.1.6.5
3.3.2
1.8, 3.2.5, 3.4
12.4
12.6.1, 12.6.2, 12.8.2, 12.9, 12.10.2, 12.10.3
7.9.1, 7.9.2, 7.9.3, 11.3
7.9.2, 7.9.3, 11.3
7.9.2, 7.9.3, 11.3
7.9.2
7.9.2, 7.9.3, 11.3
1150

C++Builder 6
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16. , C++, C++Builder, API Windows . . 931

, , extern (. . 13 . 13.4.2). , , , (. . 13,

void _ fastcall ButtonlClick(TObject *Sender);

extern PACKAGE TForml *Forml;

. 14, . 14.7, , - , " - > " .

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Ch, Ch2. Ch Ch2 . Ch, Ch2, .

Lab Labell. : Lab, Labell . , Labell>Capti Lab->Caption .

fastcall ClassNamels(const AnsiString string);

fastcall InheritsFrom(TClass aClass);

(.. TObject), NULL.

" - _' :' " "' " ** * " " ""

Tools () , , , (Image Editor), , .. ,

File Save All

File Open Project

Project | Add to Project

Project | Remove from Project

View Toggle Form/Unit

Run Program Pause

Run Trace Into

Run | Step Over

File | New | Other | WebSnup

File | New | Other | WebSnup

WebSnup Web ( Delphi 6)

File | New | Other | WebSnup

WebSnup Web ( Delphi 6)

Tools ] Externol Editor

Web, Edit Internet ,

File -| New | Other | Mulfitier

Edit I CORBA Refresh

Edit | Use CORBA Object

L i y a J i o c ! B u t 1 ADO | InterBase | WetSavices 1

32- Windows 95/98 NT

Borland Database Engine BDE ( C++Builder 6,

Active Data Objects (ADO) ActiveX, Microsoft OLE DB ( C++Builder 5)

InterBase, Borland Database Engine (BDE)

Web, Web SOAP ( C++Builder 6)

Windows 3.x, Windows 3.x

Internet Direct (Indy), -

Internet Direct (Indy) ( C++Builder 6)

nterBase Admin InterBase

, Windows, , Windows . , , , , . , - , .. , , . 5.1.3 . 5.

class TForRii ; BuJtlic TI

, . Diogram (), C++Builder 6, , . 2.5.5. .

(Object Inspector) C++Builder , .

fastcall TForral::FormCreate(TObject 'Sender]

fastcall TForral: :ButtonlGlick (TObject "Sender)

, il (.ilc, .ild, .ilf, .ils),

C++Builder : .dfm, . ,h.

DaifiModule j -" j w/eoCoLumml j pt nap j \ 'ebLervices j

Data Modules j 6u$iness j Web Documents ] WebSnap j WebServices

Web Documents | WebSnap | WebSeivices I

TAppletApplication. , TAppletModule, , , Appletlcon , . , ,

File | Save All.

_J PMe -1 cpp F Mests\MESSAGES

Add New Project ( ).

2.3.4 To-Do List

. (Text), (Category), (Priority)

Pascal ] Lhkei [ Advanced Link ei j DiiftUones/Condewtials

, Project | Build All.

ProductName ( ), ProductVersion ( ), Comments (). ,

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