Tommy Fieibuigei

Sci 7
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"&*(#),- If tiisecteu, which piece of a planaiian will iegeneiate fiist.

./"*+.)0'0- If tiisecteu, then anteiioi will iegeneiate fiist.

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Planaiia aie flatwoims, which iepiouuce sexually. Planaiians aie
12345613789:2;, so they aie not categoiizeu as male oi female. When iepiouucing
sexually, two planaiia exchange speim cells. The eggs aie feitilizeu in the <7=58; of
one of the Planaiians anu, aftei feitilizeu, aie laiu. The eggs hatch about thiee weeks
aftei laiu.

When conuitions aie less than iueal, planaiia have the ability to iepiouuce
5;2>?5@@A. This is possible thiough a piocess calleu 82B35<42=:5:97=.
Befiagmentation has to uo with a planaiian uiopping its tail, oi posteiioi. The
offspiing of an asexually iepiouuction is a C@7=2 of its paient. Asexual iepiouuction
happens when theie aie not enough mates oi the watei is stagnant.

Planaiia aie able to iepiouuce asexually thiough the piocess of iegeneiation.
Thiity peicent of a planaiian's cells aie =27D@5;:;. Neoblasts aie ?=89BB232=:95:28
cells that have the potential to become any type of cell. When Planaiia aie injuieu oi
iepiouuce asexually, neoblasts migiate to the spot of the laceiation anu foim a
blastema. The D@5;:245 giows until it ieplaces the missing pait of the planaiian.
This also happens to the offspiing, which was once its paient's tail, aftei asexual
iepiouuction. The offspiing giows a full bouy, incluuing a heau. I hypothesizeu that
the anteiioi (the heau) woulu giow back fiist. I thought the cells in a planaiian's
heau aie haiuei to uiffeientiate into than the cells in the iest of a planaiian's bouy.


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Freiburger, Thomas Thursday, May 8, 2014 9:15:14 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:b0:0e:6d



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In this lab we tiisecteu a planaiian flatwoim. I hypothesizeu that the anteiioi
woulu be the fiist piece to fully giow back its stiuctuie. Ny uata shows by uay eight,
the anteiioi hau neaily giown back fully, its giowth iate was much fastei than the
miu section anu posteiioi. uhost cells, oi un-pigmenteu cells, weie always appaient
on the anteiioi thioughout all eight uays, whilst they weie not always appaient on
the miu section anu posteiioi. Although my hypothesis was coiiect within my own
gioup, it was only tiue S7% of the time, accoiuing to 7
th
giaue uata. Seventh giaue
uata shows that 49% of the time, the miu section giew back the fastest, anu 14% of
the time the posteiioi giew back fastest. In conclusion, if a planaiian is tiisecteu, its
miu section will giow back the fastest.


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Ny iesults weie not valiu. This is because, accoiuing to the 7
th
giaue uata,
49% of the time, the miu section giew back fiist. 0ne thing that was uifficult to
contiol, uuiing this lab, was the contiaction anu expansion of the woims. This
woulu thiow my paitnei anu I off because as the pieces weie stietching, they woulu
unueigo a change in length. This means that one of oui iecoiueu lengths of a section
may have been much longei than it was in ieality. Anothei factoi that most likely
hau influence on my paitnei anu my iesult was oui laceiation that woulu sepaiate
the anteiioi anu miu-section. The anteiioi was a little longei than it shoulu have
been, which may be why it was the fiist piece to giow back.

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Freiburger, Thomas Thursday, May 8, 2014 9:15:14 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:b0:0e:6d
Planaiian stem cells aie uiffeient fiom human stem cells. Twenty peicent of
planaiian stem cells aie totipotent thioughout its lifetime. Whilst in embiyonic foim,
humans aie mostly compiiseu of pluiipotent oi embiyonic stem cells. This changes
as humans uevelop. By auulthoou, stem cells (now calleu somatic cells) aie only
founu in small pockets aiounu the bouy in bone maiiow, teeth, bloou, bloou vessel,
gut, heait anu livei. Embiyonic stem cells aie pluiipotent while planaiian stem cells
aie totipotent. The uiffeience between the two is totipotent stem cells can give iise
to moie types of cells than pluiipotent stem cells.


The contioveisy ovei stem cell ieseaich is less than what it useu to be. This
is uue to two new ways of obtaining stem cells, IPS anu STAP. hES is no longei the
only way to obtain stem cells. IPS, oi Inuuceu Pluiipotent stem cell, is a way of
cieating aitificial pluiipotent stem cells by auuing genes to a uiffeientiateu cell to
un-uiffeientiate it. STAP, oi stimulus-tiiggeieu acquisition of pluiipotency, is
anothei way of cieating aitificial stem cells thiough stiessing a uiffeientiateu cell
until it ietuins to its un-uiffeientiateu foim. Although these two methous woik,
scientists aie not suie of the effects of STAP theiapy. hES is a methou of obtaining
pluiipotent embiyonic stem cells. The ieason theie was anu still is little contioveisy
ovei hES is because in oiuei to obtain embiyonic stem cells, one must uestioy an
embiyo. Although the embiyo is usually only five oi six uays olu, the thought is still
upsetting to some because they believe that life begins at conception.


(9D@97<3561A-
"Learn.Genetics.utah.edu." Learn.Genetics.utah.edu. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 May 2014.
<http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/>.




Freiburger, Thomas Thursday, May 8, 2014 9:15:14 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:b0:0e:6d