A Sanskrit Dictionary of Spirituality: Scholar's Terms

A Sanskrit Dictionary of Spirituality
Scholar’s Terms
First Edition
Octavian Sarbatoare
Scholar’s Terms
First published in Australia in Dec. 2009 by

Sarbatoare Publications, Sydney, NSW
For other publications SEARCH ‘Octavian Sarbatoare’ at
National Library of Australia: http://www.nla.gov.au/
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Copyright © Octavian Sarbatoare 2009
All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism
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Australian National Library Cataloguing-in-Publication data:
A Sanskrit dictionary of spirituality: scholar’s terms
ISBN 978 0 9807337 0 9.

1. Sanskrit language - Dictionaries. 2. Spiritual direction. I. Title.
294.2
Typeset by Sarbatoare Publications
2
Octavian Sarbatoare

Scholar’s Terms
Sarbatoare Publications
Sydney
Preface to first edition and introduction
This dictionary is specialised and unique in its construct. Unfolds an array of

classifications that allows the development of multiple concepts just by following the
trails of bold words. In order to avoid repeating explanations, under various entries, a
certain spiritual word is described in one place only. This makes the dictionary very
compact.
The main text is arranged in roman alphabetical order. This method does not take
into account having a certain order of letters with diacritical signs (i.e. bars above
vowels or the dots under consonants), although it keeps correct the international
transliteration of Devanāgari, the Sanskrit alphabet. Those readers having knowledge
of Devanāgari, can easily write any word from its transliterated form.
Many Sanskrit composed words are split in order to make it easy for the reader, but
they can be written in composed or separated forms equally. For this reason the
arrangement in roman alphabetical order does not take into account the space
between two words.
The dictionary does not provide lengthy description of words, but emphasises on
the key spiritual meanings and connections with other entries. The explanation of
various yogic or other techniques is beyond the purpose of this work; they have to be
learned from specialized written material or a qualified teacher, etc.
Sometimes there is more than one significance behind an entry. The alternatives are
mentioned without going in much detail, but as guidance for further studies only. The
few roots or literal information mentioned herein are to emphasize the significance of
an entry. For more details about the origination of words should be consulted
specialised Sanskrit dictionaries.
This work contains many useful classifications in Hindu spirituality. A number of
classical works names are mentioned, thus allowing the reader to pursue further
studies on the subject. There is of course a larger Sanskrit spiritual terminology,
however a limit has to be set up in regards to the details herein presented.
The basic text was finalised during one of my trips to India at Deoghar in the year
2001. But, its publication waited until 2009, when the conditions were proper for an
easy presentation to the public, considering the multiple possibilities that are now
available on the Net.
This dictionary is made for the serious spiritual seeker only, the one who is ready to
undertake research into the deep field of Indian consciousness thought. For many
years to come this free electronic book will be present on the Internet for the purpose
of serving the keen seeker of spiritual liberation.
Octavian Sarbatoare
Sydney, 2009, Australia
4
A
A
Abhaya
Fearlessness as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Abhaya Mudr1
Bhaya)
Bhaya
The gesture of dispelling fear (Bhaya
Abhigamana
vide Up1sana
Abhim1na
The ego awareness, a synonym for Asmit1
Abhimata
A pleasant object for meditation
vide also Dhy1na
Abhinive0a
Will to live, as one of the five Kle0a-s,
Kle0a known also as !0i=
vide V1san1
Abhi=eka
A ceremonial purification either of a deity or an individual by bathing or sprinkling water
Abhivyakti
Manifestation
vide also Abhivyaktik1ra9a,
Abhivyaktik1ra9a Vyakta
Abhivyaktik1ra9a
Vyakta)
Vyakta
The cause of manifestation (Vyakta
Abhy1sa
Practical application of spiritual teachings as a way to obtain perfection and liberation
Abhy1sin
A practitioner of any form of Abhy1sa;
Abhy1sa a S1dhaka or Yog2
!camana
A ceremonial rite of sipping water from the palm of the hand and sprinkling it on the body on
various parts for the purpose of purification
It is used also for purification before meals or religious ceremonies.
Ac1pala
Absence of fickleness as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
!c1ra
Lit. 'manner of action, conduct, practice; rule'
5
Way of spiritual life

In Tantra are distinguished seven ways of spiritual life namely Ved1c1ra,
Ved1c1ra Vai=9av1c1ra,
Vai=9av1c1ra
)aiv1c1ra,
)aiv1c1ra Dak=i91c1ra,
Dak=i91c1ra V1m1c1ra,
V1m1c1ra Siddh1nt1c1ra and Kul1c1ra.
!c1ra Tantra
The practice of Tantra
!c1rya
Teacher
!cch1v1ka
!cch1v1ka
Lit. 'the one who invites'
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Hot4 priest
!d1na
The action of taking or receiving
vide also Ana^gamadan1^ku01
!dar0a
The sense of super-ordinary seeing
vide also Pr1tibha
Adbhuta
Wonder as one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
Adha501kha
Lit. 'lower branch'
A representation of the world as having branches below and upper roots as #rdhvam3la of
Brahman
Adha50akti
The lower, one of the Ku98alin2 )akti-s
)akti
!dh1ra
Support; foundation
!dh1ra Padma
Centre in the body for Dh1ra9a practicing, known also as De0a
Adharma
Sin as one of the eight Bh1va-s;
Bh1va unrighteousness
vide also Dharma
Adhideva
vide Adhidevat1
Adhidevat1
Presiding (tutelary) deity, same as Adhideva
Adhik1ra
Lit. 'right, privilege'
6
A
One's competency for spiritual S1dhan1 as assessed by the Guru before initiation
Adhik1rabheda
Lit. 'right of separation'
The coexistence of various doctrines and believes in the history of India, all as forms of one Reality
Sat)
Sat
(Sat
Adhik1rin
Lit. 'fit for; entitled to'
A name of a qualified aspirant for spiritual life, a competent S1dhaka
Adhim1tra T2vrasa%vega
High intensity of eagerness as one of the three T2vrasa%vega-s
T2vrasa%vega
Adhi=7h1na
Lit. 'abode, residence, site; standing by'
A locus or medium to experience with
Adhvabheda
The process of time difference between At2ta,
At2ta Vartam1na and An1gata Dharma-s
Dharma
Adhvara
In the Veda-s
Veda a non-injuring sacrifice consisting of preliminary preparations and duties before the
sacrifice itself
vide also Adhvaryu
Adhvaryu
$rvija-s)
$rvija the one who chants the hymns of the Yajur Veda while
One of the four Vedic priests ($rvija
performing Adhvara
An Adhvaryu is assisted by three helper priests viz. Pratiprasth1t4,
Pratiprasth1t4 Ne=74 and Unnet4.
Unnet4
Adhy1tma
Lit. 'origin of !tma'
The Supreme Spirit; the science of the Supreme Spirit as )1stra
Adhy1tma Vidy1
Knowledge of the Supreme Spirit
!din1tha (also !d20vara)
A name of )iva as the original Guru,
Guru the Primal Lord
Aditi
Lit. 'boundless, infinity'
One of the most ancient known Mother Goddess referred to in the $g Veda as being the daughter
of Dak=a,
Dak=a mother of the !ditya-s
!ditya and of the gods
!d20vara (see !din1tha)
!ditya
Lit. 'primal light'
A Vedic class of deities; principle sustaining nature and the universe
7
Traditionally there are twelve !ditya-s,

!ditya correlating with the twelve solar months. The most
important is Savit4 (S3rya
S3rya)
S3rya hence the name !ditya for the Sun God. The are: A%s1,
A%s1 Aryaman,
Aryaman
Bhaga,
Bhaga Dak=a,
Dak=a Mitra,
Mitra P3=an,
P3=an )akra,
)akra Savit4,
Savit4 Tva=74,
Tva=74 Varu9a,
Varu9a Vi=9u and Vivasvat (ref.
Taittir2ya !ra9yaka,
ra9yaka I.13).
vide also Antar1ditya Vidy1
!diyog1c1rya
The first teacher of Yoga,
oga i.e. )iva
Adroha
Absence of hatred as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Advaita
Lit. 'without duality'
The doctrine of non-duality in which the Supreme Soul Param1tman is identified with the human
Soul J2v1tman
All existence is being regarded as one reality. )a^kara is the best known writer on the subject.
!dy1
Lit. 'eternal'
One of the Nity1 )akti-s;
)akti the original )akti who is the source of all other Nity1 )akti-s
)akti
!dy1 Nity1 )akti corresponds to the full-moon. It is known also as Tripurasundar2,
Tripurasundar2 A^gi
A^gi Nity1
and symbolizes Dev2 Herself. The Mantra for !dy1 Nity1 is Sklhr2%.
!dy1 Nity1 )akti
The eternal original power
vide also !dy10akti, Vimar0a )akti
!dy10akti
Primordial power as aspect of the goddess K1l2
!dy10akti,
!dy10akti !dy1 Nity1 )akti,
)akti Vimar0a )akti are all the same.
!gama
Lit. 'coming near, approaching; studying; acquisition of knowledge'
Authoritative work; testimony
Sacred works of Tantra-s
Tantra in which )iva is Guru (spiritual teacher) and Dev2 (as P1rvat2)
P1rvat2 is
)i=ya (disciple); a testimony based on a previous Pram19a and if correct imparted is one of the
three Pram19a-s.
Pram19a
vide also Nigama
!g1mikarma
Action yet to be performed and its results
Agastya
Name of a sage, also a name of )iva
Aghora
Lit. 'not terrific'
A name of )iva;
)iva a worshipper of )iva and Dev2.
Dev2 Aghori is a female Aghora
8
A
vide also Aghora M1rga

Aghora M1rga
A particular sect of )aiva-s
)aiva of non-conventional practices considered to be pure Tantra adepts
T1ntrika-s)
T1ntrika
(T1ntrika
Aghori
vide Aghora
!gney2 Dh1ra91
The Dh1ra91 on fire as one of the Pa6cadh1ra91
Pa6cadh1ra91-s
ra91
Agni
Lit. 'fire'
The Vedic god of fire known also as Agnideva;
Agnideva the sacrificial fire; the fire of the stomach; the
Devat1 of Su=umn1 N182;
N182 the power of transformation
As a Vedic god Agni was Indra-sIndra brother and essential to the practice of ritual sacrifice. As
sacrificial fire in the Veda-s,
Veda Agni is of three kinds namely G1rhapatya,
G1rhapatya Dak=i9a (or
Anv1h1ryapacana)
Anv1h1ryapacana and !havan2ya.
!havan2ya Esoterically Agni is the consciousness (Cit
Cit),
Cit the three kinds
of sacrificial fires are expressions of levels of awareness and therefore equated with Ma9ip3ra,
Ma9ip3ra
An1hata and Vi0uddhi Cakra-s.
Cakra
vide also J1thar1gni,
J1thar1gni S3rya,
S3rya Agnitraya,
Agnitraya Cidvahni,
Cidvahni Agni S3rya Indra,
Indra Upakosala Vidy1
Agni B2ja
The Mantra Ra% associated with Ma9ip3ra Cakra
Agnicayana
The act of preparing the Vedic sacrificial fireplace
Agnideva
vide Agni
Agn2dhra
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Br1hma9a priest by kindling the sacrificial fire
Agnig4ha
A place keeping the sacred fire known also as Agni01la
Agni G4hapati
Agni the lord of the house with the sacred fire; the fire of the body
It is also one of the eight Devas3-s,
Devas3 an aspect of Agni.
Agni
Agnihoma
The oblation put into the sacrificial fire like milk, ghee, cooked cereal, etc., according to the ritual
of Agnihotra
It is also known as Homa.
Homa
Agnihotra
The rite of sacrificing to Agni
It is of two kinds namely Nitya (necessary) and K1mya (optional). Agnihotra rite is concluded by
Agnyupasth1na (the worship of Agni).
Agni Vide Hotr1 Arghya Havi for the object of oblation with
9
fire. As a yogic practice Agnihotra is identified with Pr191y1ma.

vide also !tm1rpa9a
Agnihotr1h3ti
The rite of sacrificing (oblation) to Agni with invocation (recitation) of sacred formulas (Mantra
Mantra-s)
Mantra
Agnihotrin
$tvija-s)
$tvija the one who chants the
The performer of an oblation to fire; one of the four Vedic priests ($tvija
hymns of the Rg Veda
Same as Hotrin or Hot4.
Hot4
Agnikha98a
Group containing M3l1dh1ra and Sv1dhi=7h1na Cakra-s
Cakra and Brahmagranthi
The presiding deity of this Kha98a is Agni,
Agni the Gu9a is Tamas and corresponds to the cosmic
planes to Bh3rloka,
Bh3rloka Bhuvarloka
Bhuvarloka and Svarloka.
Agniko9a
The quarter ruled by Agni on southeast position known also as Agnidi0
Agniku98a
vide Homaku98a
Agnis1ra Dhauti
vide Antardhauti
Agni S3rya Indra
The trinity of Veda-s
Veda
There is a fundamental parallel with the concept of J61t1 J61na J6eya in the Tantra-s
Tantra in which
Agni becomes the one who knows (J61t1
J61t1),
J61t1 S3rya the knowledge (J61na
J61na)
J61na and Indra the object of
J6eya).
J6eya
knowledge (J6eya
vide also Indra Agni Soma S3rya,
S3rya Sat Cit !nanda
Agnis3tra
The thread of fire as a rite for a young Br1hma9a's
Br1hma9a investiture
Agnitraya
The three sacrificial (sacred) fires (vide Agni)
Agni known also as Agnitret1
Agniv1din
Worshipper of fire
Agni Yoga
The fire of Yoga generated by various techniques, Pr191y1ma being the most important
It is considered that a Yoga practitioner starts the spiritual growth once touched by the fire of
Yoga.
Aha%
Lit. 'I'
Devan1gari)
Devan1gari
The union of A the first letter and Ha the last letter of the Sanskrit alphabet (Devan1gari
This union contains within all the letters of the M1t4k1,
M1t4k1 therefore as a Mantra is an expression of
10
A
)abda in all its forms.

Aha%brahm1smi
'I am Brahman',
Brahman a celebrated statement in the Upani=ad-s
Upani=ad
vide also Mah1v1kya
Aha%k1ra
Lit. 'I am the doer'
The principle of Ego-formation as kind of separation from the divine
It is fundamental that Aha%k1ra has to die before the higher consciousness will emerge. The
explosion of Aha%k1ra happens in !j6a Cakra.
Cakra
vide also Vajre0var2,
Vajre0var2 Sarvasiddhiprada Cakra,
Cakra !k10a
Aha%k1r1kar=i92
The attractive power of Aha%k1ra
vide also Sarv101paripuraka Cakra
Aha%k1ratattva
Aha%k1ratattva
The Tattva of Aha%k1ra
!h1ra
Lit. 'food'
The dietary rules as part of Yoga practices
The food is divided according to the three Gu9a-s.
Gu9a
!havan2ya Agni
One of the three sacrificial fires taken from the G1rhapatya Agni
In this fire the oblation is offered. In the human body it is located in the neck area. Esoterically it
represents the level of consciousness of Vi0uddhi Cakra.
Cakra
vide also Agni
Ahi%s1
Lit. 'non-injuring'
Non-injury or non-violence as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat and one of the five Yama-s
Yama in
Yoga
Ahi%s1prati=7h1
A state in which Ahi%s1 is firmly established
In the presence of a Yog2 possessing Ahi%s1prati=7h1 all enmities will cease.
side also Vairaty1ga
!h3ti
Lit. 'invoking'
Mantra-s)
Mantra
A sacred rite of offering oblation with fire accompanied by certain magic formulas (Mantra
vide also Agnihotr1h3ti
Ai0varya
Competence as one of the eight Bh1va-s
Bh1va
11
vide also Anai0varya

!j1naja Deva
Lit. 'born in the world of gods'
A god by birth
A person of remarkable divine qualities supposed to be inherited from previous births. Another kind
of god is a Karma Deva, who is created by own actions, i.e. he/ she has to work to qualify for the
name.
vide also !nandamaya Vidy1
Ajap1 G1yatr2
vide Soham
Ajapa Japa
The recitation of Ha%sa5 Mantra or Soham Mantra
Mantra with awareness of the breath, also known as
Ajapajapa
!j61
Lit. 'to perceive, understand'
Order, command
!j61 Cakra
The Cakra of command
One of the major Cakra-s
Cakra in the human body !j61 Cakra is located at the Medulla Oblongata, the
top of the vertebral column i.e. behind the Bhr3madhya.
Bhr3madhya The level of awareness in !j61 Cakra is
Taparloka.
Taparloka
vide also Yuktatrive92,
Yuktatrive92 J61na Cak=u,
Cak=u Divya Cak=u,
Cak=u J61na Netra,
Netra Itarali^ga,
Itarali^ga Aha%k1ra
!j61na
A synonym for Avidy1;
Avidy1 ignorance as one of the eight Bh1va-s
Bh1va
vide also J61na
!k1ra
!k1ra
With form; manifested as a name for Sagu9a Brahman
vide also Nir1k1ra
!kar=a9a Siddhi
The power of attracting
vide also Siddhi
!k10a
Ether; space
The A%0a-s
A%0a (constituent parts) of !k10a in the Pi98198a are Aha%k1ra,
Aha%k1ra Citta,
Citta Buddhi,
Buddhi Manas
and Anta5kara9a.
Anta5kara9a
vide also Bh3ta
!k10atattva
The Tattva of !k10a,
!k10a known also as Vyomatattva
In the !k10atattva,
!k10atattva J2v1tman resides dormant and non-manifest in the human body.
12
A
!k10a Vidy1
The knowledge of !k10a
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 (one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s)
Vidy1 referring to !k10a as pervading everything. This
endless Tattva has to be seen in connection with the Tanm1tra of )abda and the sound of
Udg2tha.
vide also Dv1tri%0at Vidy1
!k102 Dh1ra91
The Dh1ra91 on space as one of the Pa6cadh1ra91-s
Pa6cadh1ra91
Akha98a
Without division
vide also Kha98a
Kha98a
Akha981gni
Uninterrupted fire
Akrodha
Krodha)
Krodha as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Absence of anger (Krodha Daiv2sampat
Ak=a
vide Rudr1k=a
Ak=am1
Not letting go of a negative experience as opposed to K=am1
Ak=ara
Lit. 'imperishable'
A syllable; a name for the syllable O%;
O% a name for Brahman
Ak=ar1k=ara Vidy1
Brahman)
Brahman
The knowledge of the imperishable (Brahman
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s
Vidy1 in which the knowledge of Brahman is the higher
Vidy1 by which the imperishable is realized.
Ak=ayapatra
Ak=ayapatra
Lit. 'never ending leaf'
A symbol of abundance, as the leaf could serve as plate for food
Ak=i Vidy1
The knowledge of the eye
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s.
Vidy1 It is a Devay1na path in which Puru=a is meditated
upon internally as Indra in the right eye and Indr192 in the left eye. The conjoint meditation leads
to the knowledge of Sagu9a Brahman if this Vidy1 as correlated with Antar1ditya Vidy1.
Akula
vide Kaula
13
Alabdhabh3mikatva
The state of lack of concentration as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa
Alakhb1ra
Lit. 'invisible boundary'
A place of seclusion where Paramaha%sa Sanny1sin-s
Sanny1sin live
!lambana
Object of an experience having !0raya as its basis
vide also V1san1
Ala%bus1 N182
The N182 connected to the centre of the forehead
vide also Sarvasaubh1gyad1yaka Cakra,
Cakra Sarvasa%k=obhi92
!lasya
Laziness as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa and one of the seven Varjana-s
Varjana
Ali^ga
Lit. 'without sign'
A synonym for Avyakta Prak4ti;
Prak4ti a stage of non-differentiation when Gu9a-s
Gu9a are in equilibrium and
Asmit1 Sam1dhi is experienced (vide Gu9aparva)
Gu9aparva
!loka
Light as experience beyond the Loka-s
Loka
vide also Jyoti=mat2 Prav4tti
Aloluptva
Freedom from desire as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Amanaska
The knowledge of Brahman beyond the mental plane
vide also Manaska
Am1nitva
Humility as a virtue of wisdom
Ambhas2 Dh1ra91
The Dh1ra91 on water as one of the Pa6cadh1ra91-s
Pa6cadh1ra91
Ambik1
Great Mother as a name of Dev2
Amla
Rasa-s)
Rasa
Sour, one of the essential tastes (Rasa
Am4ta
Nectar of immortality, ambrosia
vide also Soma, Soma Rasa
Am4t1kar=i92
14
A
The attractive power of Am4ta

Am4ta P1n
Am4ta)
Am4ta
Taking of the nectar (Am4ta
Tantric ritual of divine nectar. There are external and internal techniques.
Am4t1p3r9a
Lit. 'filled with nectar'
A state of purity of mind of a Yog2
vide also A=7asiddhi
A%s1
The share of gods, one of the twelve !ditya-s
!ditya
A%0a
Constituent part of a classification
An1gata Dharma
The inherent property of future time as a potential state, one of the three Dharma-s
Dharma (as inherent
properties of time)
The knowledge of An1gata Dharma and Adhvabheda will enable one to have time experiences
and change the world of time as An1gata becomes Vartam1na and Vartam1na becomes At2ta.
An1h1ra
Fasting (or not eating enough) as one of the seven Varjana-s
Varjana
vide also Mit1h1ra
An1hata Cakra
Lit. 'un-struck Cakra'
The Cakra located on the vertebral column behind the centre of the chest
This Cakra is associated with the J61nendriya of Tvak,
Tvak the Karmendriya of P19i,
P19i the Tanm1tra
of Spar0a
Spar0a, is the centre for Pr19a V1yu and the seat of Manomaya Ko0a,
Ko0a the level of awareness
is Maharloka.
Maharloka
vide also K1kin2
An1hata Dhvani
vide An1hata )abda
An1hata )abda
The un-struck, silent sound as subtle transcendental state known also as An1hata Dhvani
Anai0varya
Incompetence as one of the eight Bh1va-s
Bh1va
vide also Ai0varya
!nanda
Lit. 'happiness, bliss; enjoyment; sensual pleasure; delight; the act of enjoying'
Pure happiness as one of the three attributes of !tman
15
vide also Ana^gamadan1

!nandalahar2
Lit. 'wave of enjoyment'
The Tantric hymn of )a^kar1c1rya addressed to his wife P1rvat2
!nandamaya Ko0a
The body of bliss as sphere of consciousness
It is the expression of the balanced aspect of the inner spirit and the experience of a blissful state
and has its seat in the Bindu Visarga. !nandamaya Ko0a forms K1ra9a )ar2ra, )ar2ra the causal
body going beyond the manifestations of Prak4ti.
Prak4ti
!nandamaya Vidy1
The knowledge of bliss
A Veda Vidy1 (one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s)
Vidy1 refers to the knowledge of !nandamaya Ko0a
Ko0a and
various evolutionary stages namely Manu=ya,
Manu=ya Manu=ya Gandharva,
Gandharva Deva Gandharva,
Gandharva Pit4,
!j1naja Deva,
Deva Karma Deva,
Deva Deva,
Deva Indra,
Indra B4haspati,
B4haspati Praj1pati and Sagu9a Brahman.
!nanda Sam1dhi
A stage of Sam1dhi in which the !tmadra=7a
!tmadra=7a is able to experience the essential nature of thought
This state is known also as !nanda Asampraj61ta Sam1dhi.
Ana^ga
Lit. 'bodiless'
A name of K1madeva (after he was burned to ashes by )iva's
)iva third eye Cak=u)
Cak=u as love without a
body
The esoteric explanation of Ana^ga is that K1ma as desire exists even without an object of desire
(vide commentary on K1ma).
K1ma
Ana^gakusum1
The mental faculty of being attracted
It corresponds to the human expressing of Vacana (speaking) symbolized by Kusuma.
vide also Sarva0a%k=obha9a
Sarva0a%k=obha9a Cakra
Ana^gamadan1
The mental faculty of loving
It corresponds to the human expressing of !nanda (enjoying) symbolized by Madan1.
vide also Sarva0a%k=obha9a Cakra,
Cakra Madan1,
Madan1 Ana^ga
Ana^gamadan1^ku01
The mental faculty of being attached
It corresponds to the human expressing of !d1na (taking) symbolized by A^ku0a.
vide also Sarva0a%k=obha9a Cakra
Ana^gamadan1tur1
The mental faculty of being lovesick
It corresponds to the human expressing of Gamana (going) symbolized by Madan1tur1.
16
A
vide also Sarva0a%k=obha9a

Sarva0a%k=obha9a Cakra
Ana^gam1lin2
The mental faculty of wanting to be accepted
It corresponds to the human attitude of Up1d1na (accepting) symbolized by M1l1.
Ana^gamekhal1
The mental faculty of being proud
It corresponds to the human attitude of Upek=a (ignoring) symbolized by Mekhal1.
Ana^garekh1
The mental faculty of being detached
It corresponds to the human attitude of H1na (rejecting) symbolized by Rekh1.
Ana^gavegan2
Ana^gavegan2
The mental faculty of being excited
It corresponds to the human attitude of Visarga (excreting) symbolized by Vega.
Ananta
Lit. 'infinite, endless'
The name of )e=a ()e=an1ga
)e=an1ga or N1gan1yaka),
N1gan1yaka the snake-god (or serpent-king) of a thousand
heads who serves as Vi=9u's
Vi=9u couch.
Anantav1da
The doctrine of infinity
Anavasthitatva
The state of instability as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa
A98api98a
Brahm198a) Pi98198a)
Brahm198a and Microcosm (Pi98198a
Macrocosm (Brahm198a Pi98198a
A^ga
Lit. 'limb; part; step'
A subdivision of a science or of a Mantra,
Mantra etc.; the body; the mind; accessory
vide also A=71^ga Yoga
A^gamejayatva
The activity of unsteadiness of the mind
As one of the four Vik=epasahabh3-s
Vik=epasahabh3 it is connected to Pr19amaya Ko0a
A^ga Ny1sa
A^ga)
A^ga
Tantric rite of touching certain parts of the body (A^ga
A^ga P3j1
17
Worship with offering especially of flowers to the several parts of Lord's body
A^ga Vidy1
The esoteric knowledge and interpretation of various marks on the body
A^gay1ga
A subordinate sacrificial rite
vide also Y1ga
A^gi Nity1
vide !dy1
A^giras
Name of a $=i in the Veda-s;
Veda seer; ray
vide also Sapta4=i
A^gu=7ham1tra Vidy1
J2va)
J2va
The knowledge of the Soul (J2va
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 The term A^gu=7ham1tra for the soul denotes
something which is extremely fine, having residence in the heart.
Anib1dha
Unobstructed, without obstacles; liberty
A9im1
Lit. 'minuteness'
One of the eight yogic powers of becoming as small as an atom
vide also Siddhi,
Siddhi A=7asiddhi
A9im1di
vide A=7asiddhi
A=7asiddhi
A6jali
Reverence, salutation
A6jali Mudr1
The gesture of placing side by side the open hands in front of the body as kind of reverence
A6jana Siddhi
The power of making clear
vide also Siddhi
A6janat1
The quality of identifying with the form of an object as a result of Am4t1p3r9a
A^ku0a
Lit. 'goad'
A representation of Dve=a
vide also Ana^gamadan1^ku01, P101^ku0a
18
A
Anna
Food
Annamaya Ko0a
The body of nourishment as sphere of consciousness
It forms Sth3la )ar2ra,
)ar2ra the gross body having its seat in the M3l1dh1ra
M3l1dh1ra Cakra. This Ko0a is the
expression and experience of the gross matter.
Anna Yoga
The Yoga of food based on !h1ra rules
Anta5kara9a
Lit. 'the internal organ'
The thinking faculty of mind
vide also !k10a
Antar
Inner
Antar1ditya Vidy1
The knowledge of the inner sun
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 The right eye represents the sun, the left eye the
moon, meditation on this Vidy1 has an external form leading to the knowledge of Sagu9a
Brahman if correlated with Ak=i Vidy1.
vide also Dv1tri%0at
Dv1tri%0at Vidy1
Antar1k10a
Inner space
Antara^ga
The internal stage, the inner expression as opposed to Bahira^ga
Antar1ya
vide Citta Vik=ep1
Antardhauti
Yogic technique of inner purification
There are four main Antardhauti-s
Antardhauti viz. V1tas1ra,
V1tas1ra V1ris1ra,
V1ris1ra Vahnis1ra (or Agnis1ra)
Agnis1ra and
Bahi=k4ta.
Antardhy1na
Inner deep meditation
Antarindriya
An internal organ
In Ved1nta there are four Antarindriya-s
Antarindriya viz. Manas,
Manas Citta,
Citta Buddhi,
Buddhi and Aha%k1ra.
Antarj61na
The knowledge coming from within
Antary1ga
19
Inner worship
vide also Y1ga
Y1ga,
ga Bahiry1ga
Antasa^kalpa
A terminal spiritual stage of a Yog2 who has experienced Dharmamegha Sam1dhi when there is
no urge to fulfil anything.
A9u
Atom
vide also Tanm1tra,
Tanm1tra Param19u
A9ubh3ti
Lit. 'perception'
The generic term which describes the spiritual experience as various degrees of experience of
consciousness, another term to describe Sam1dhi in Yoga
Anugraha
Lit. 'kindness, favour; conferring benefits'
Blessing, grace
Anulomaviloma
Kind of Pr191y1ma as technique of alternate breathe
Anusa%dh1na
Lit. 'investigation, searching into; plan'
Discovery
Anu=7h1na
Lit. 'performance; undertaking; practice'
The accomplishment of an act with absolute discipline according to a definite plan; the Sa^kalpa
of an act
There is a wide range of Anu=7h1na-s
Anu=7h1na like Japa,
Japa J61na,
J61na T1pasya,
T1pasya Yoga,
Yoga Tantra,
Tantra etc.
Anusv1ra
vide Bindu
Anv1h1ryapacana Agni
vide Agni
Ap
Water
The A%0a-s
A%0a of Ap in the Pi98198a are the five Tanm1tra-s.
Tanm1tra
vide also Bh3ta
Apai0una
Absence of crookedness as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Ap1na
The V1yu which expels the life-force from the body
20
A
vide also Sarv1rthas1dhaka Cakra,

Cakra Sarvasampatprad1,
Sarvasampatprad1 Devasu=i
Ap1na Mudr1
Mudr1)
Mudr1 of acquiring (preserving) Ap1na energy
The gesture (Mudr1
Apara
Lower or worldly knowledge
Apar1jita
Lit. 'invincible, unsurpassed'
The palace in the Brahmaloka representing the R3pa of Brahm1 as a stage to be overcome in
order to reach Parya^ka
vide also Mah10akti,
Mah10akti Parya^ka Vidy1
Apar1ntaj61na
The knowledge of death
It is known by practicing Sa%yama on Sopakrama and Nirupakrama
Nirupakrama Karma-s.
Karma
Aparigraha
Non-receiving as one of the five Yama-s
Yama
Aparigrahaprati=7h1
A state in which Aparigraha is firmly established
A Yog2 possessing Aparigrahaprati=7h1 will get the memory of past life because the mind is
purified.
Aparok=1nubh3ti
Lit. 'perception of the perceptible'
The personal experience of the Divine with form as experience of Bhakti
Apavarga
Lit. 'turned off'
A synonym for Mok=a
Apsaras
Nymph, angelic creature
!ptaj61na
The spiritual stage of a Yog2 who has experienced Dharmamegha
Dharmamegha Sam1dhi when the veil of
knowledge has been removed
It allows a different kind of experience because there is nothing left to be known., thus real
J61na)
J61na is accomplished.
knowledge (J61na
!ptak1ma
The spiritual stage of a Yog2 who has experienced Dharmamegha
Dharmamegha Sam1dhi when there is
nothing left to be desired
In this stage Yog2’s
Yog2 desires are completely fulfilled, Siddhi-s
Siddhi do arise naturally, the complete
Brahmacarya is obtained as the Yog2 does not respond to the sexual sensation of any form.
Aptattva
21
The Tattva of Ap known also as Toyatattva

Apunya
Lack of merit
!ra
One of the lakes before entering into S1lajja city in the Brahmaloka
The crossing of !ra and (ya means overcoming the Pa6c1gni-s.
Pa6c1gni .
vide also Parya^ka Vidy1
!r1dhana
Worship, adoration; a ceremony to propitiate a deity
!ra%bha Avasth1
A Yoga Avasth1 of a Yog2 after overcoming the Brahmagranthi
!ra9i
Piece of wood
Two !ra9i-s
!ra9i are used to kindle the sacred fire by attrition, they represent mind and body, heaven
and earth, father and mother, i.e. the bringing together of polarities.
!ra9yaka
Lit. 'forest; produced in the forest'
A specific kind of Vedic literature
!ra and (ya are the two lakes as obstacles before entering in the city of Brahm1 named S1lajja.
S1lajja
!ra9y1yama
!ra9y1yama
Lit. 'walking in the forest'
Celibacy
Arcan1 (also Arcana)
Arcana
One of the nine A^ga-s
A^ga of Bhaki Yoga as the devotional act of ritual worship of the Divine
Ardhan1r20vara
A conjoined representation of )iva and )akti as symbol of their unity
The )aiva-s
)aiva worship the male or the right side, the )1kta-s
)1kta the female or the left side.
Arghya
Offering, oblation
vide also Hotr1,
Hotr1 Arghya,
Arghya Havi
Ari=7a
Apar1ntaj61na)
Apar1ntaj61na
The omen of knowledge of death (Apar1ntaj61na
!rjava
Straightforwardness as one of twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Arjuna
One of the five P19dava brothers in the epic Mah1bh1rata,
Mah1bh1rata disciple and companion of the Lord
22
A
K4=9a in Bhagavad G2t1

!roha9a
The act of ascending as opposed to Avaroha9a
Arpa9avidy1
The Para (supreme) worship of Dev2
Artha
Lit. 'aim, purpose'
Wealth, material gains; object of the senses
vide also Puru=1rtha,
Puru=1rtha Savitarka Sam1dhi
Aru9a
The impulsive One
One of the V1gdev2-s
V1gdev2 corresponding to the mental activity of Icch1 (wish).
vide also Sarvarogahara Cakra
Ar3pa
Formless as opposed to R3pa (with form) as one of characteristics of the Self
Arvan
Lit. 'primal power'
In the Veda-s
Veda the stallion as representing the primal power
Arya
Lit. 'nobleman'
The Aryan people and their tradition
!rya Dharma
Lit. 'path of noble people'
vide Veda
Aryaman
Nobility as one of the twelve !ditya-s
!ditya
A=18ha
The month corresponding to parts of June/ July
vide also M1sa
Asampraj61ta Sam1dhi
Kind of Sam1dhi in which the practitioner has overcome the stage of differentiation going beyond
Pratyaya,
Pratyaya but still in the presence of Sa%sk1ra-s
a%sk1ra
It is an intermediate state of Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi
!sana
Lit. 'sitting'
Pi98198a)
Pi98198a with the cosmic
Yogic or Tantric posture as form of integration of the human body (Pi98198a
Brahm198a)
Brahm198a
body (Brahm198a
23
In Yoga one of the eight A^ga-s

A^ga of the A=71^ga Yoga of Pata6jali.
Pata6jali Through !sana-s,
sana D48hat1
is obtained. There is an exoteric and esoteric symbolism of !sana-s.
!sana
vide also Yog1sana,
Yog1sana Tantr1sana
Asat
The non-manifested; the state beyond Sat and the cause of Sat
vide also Avyakta,
Avyakta Sad Vidy1
Asatya
Falsehood as opposed to Satya (truth)
!0i=
vide Abhinive0a
Asmit1
Egoism as on of the five Kle=a-s; Indriya-s)
Kle=a the material cause of the sense organs (Indriya
Indriya
vide also Abhim1na
Asmit1 Sam1dhi
A stage of Sam1dhi in which the !tmadra=7a will experience what is beyond thought and own
awareness
Known as Asmit1 Asampraj61ta Sam1dhi, it culminates in Nirb2ja Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi
!0rama
Lit. 'the abode of ascetics, a hermitage; a stage in the life of a person'
Spiritual retreat
Traditionally there are four !0rama-s
!0rama of a man's life as lifestyles viz. Brahmac1rin,
Brahmac1rin G4hastha
G4hastha,
tha
V1naprastha and Sa%ny1sin.
Sa%ny1sin The main purpose of an !0rama,
!0rama as spiritual retreat for a
Sa%ny1sin,
Sa%ny1sin is to exhaust own Karma-s,
Karma so allowing the negativity to be released, in short
reinvesting own Karma.
Karma
!0raya
Support or basis of an experience for !lambana
!lambana (object of an experience)
vide also V1san1
A=71^ga Yoga
Lit. 'Yoga of the eight steps'
The system of Yoga as thought in Yoga S3tra-s
S3tra of Pata6jali as a eight-fold path, i.e. Yama,
Yama
Niyama, !sana,
Niyama !sana Pr191y1ma,
Pr191y1ma Praty1h1ra,
Praty1h1ra Dh1ra9a,
Dh1ra9a Dhy1na,
Dhy1na and Sam1dhi
A=7asiddhi
A=7asiddhi
The eight Siddhi-s
Siddhi known also as A9im1di
Traditionally there are only eight major Siddhi-s
Siddhi namely A9im1,
A9im1 Mahim1,
Mahim1 Garim1,
Garim1 Laghim1,
Laghim1
Pr1pti,
Pr1pti Pr1k1mya,
Pr1k1mya I0itva and Va0itva.
Va0itva Their acquisition is a result of mastering over the five
Bh3ta-s
Bh3ta and an expression of moving free in the world of Prak4ti.
Asteya
Non-stealing as one of the five Yama-s
Yama
Asteyaprati=7h1
24
A
A state in which Asteya is fully established

It is considered that the material goods come to a Yog2 possessing Asteyaprati=7h1.
Asthi
Bone
vide Dh1tu
!stika
!stika
Believer in Veda-s
Veda
All the literature based on Veda-s
Veda is considered to be !stika.
vide also N1stika
Asu
Lit. 'life-force, breath'
In the Veda-s
Veda the spirit surviving death
A0uddhatattva
The impure Tattva-s
Tattva
They consist of the twenty-four Tattva-s
Tattva from Prak4titattva down to P4thiv2tattva (vide Tattva).
Tattva
A0uddhi
Element or process which makes impure the body as opposed to )uddhi
All Do0a-s
Do0a are considered to be A0uddhi-s.
A0uddhi
A0ukl1k4=9a
The mixed Karma as one of the three accumulated Karma-s
Karma
Asura
The divine or supreme spirit; a demon
A0va
Lit. 'not the self'
In the Veda-s
Veda the swift horse as representing the mind or the manifested energy
!sv1da
The sense of supernatural tasting
vide also Pr1tibha
A0vamedha
The horse sacrifice as a Vedic rite
A0vattha
Lit. 'under which horses stand'
The sacred fig tree Ficus Religiosa, a variety of Banyan tree
Esoterically it represents the Guru.
Guru
!0vina
The month that corresponds to parts of Sept./ Oct.
25
vide also M1sa

A0vini
In the Veda-s
Veda the divine twin physicians (riding upon horses) said to restore health amongst mortals
as well; the left and right life-force in the breath
A0vini-s
A0vini hold a distinct position in the Veda-s
Veda they are practically equated with the energy flow
within Id1 and Pi^gal1 N182-s.
N182
A0vin2 Mudr1
The mare Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bhandha-s
Bhandha
Atalaloka
vide Loka
Atandrita
The state of being alert as a yogic state
Atharva Veda
The name of the fourth Veda known also as Brahmaveda
vide also Tantra
Atij1gara
Not having enough sleeping as one of the seven Varjana-s
Varjana
Atikr1ntabh1van2ya
The most advanced kind of Yog2 the one who has accomplished the transcendence
Atisvapna
Excessive sleeping as one of the seven Varjana-s
Varjana
At2ta Dharma
The inherent property of past time, one of the three Dharma-s
Dharma (as inherent properties of time)
!tma
vide !tman
!tmabh1va
Reality of the individual Soul as one's self condition and beyond any description; the self
consciousness leading to Kaivalya;
Kaivalya the awareness of the self consciousness
!tmabh1va will be experienced only when the Vi0e=a state was transcended.
!tmadar0an
Vision of the Soul
!tmadra=7a
A witness of the self beyond the intellectual consciousness
vide also Nirvic1r1 Sam1dhi
!tmaj61na
Knowledge of the Self
!tmajyoti
26
A
The light of the Soul

!tm1kar=i92
The attractive power of !tma
!tman (also !tma)
!tma
Lit. 'the breath; what is spontaneous'
The individual Soul as seed of Brahman present in all creatures
The three attributes of !tman are Sat,
Sat Cit and !nanda
!nanda.
vide also Indra Agni Soma S3rya
!tma Nivedana
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga as the devotional act of self-offering to the Divine
!tma Rati
The feelings for the Self as expressions of true Bhakti
!tma Rati-s,
Rati as expressions of devotion and kinds of liberation, are five in number, namely
S1m2pya,
S1m2pya S1lokya,
S1lokya S1r3pya,
S1r3pya Sar=7i and S1yujya.
S1yujya
vide also Rati,
Rati Rasa
!tm1rpa9a
Lit. 'offering to !tma'
The attitude of offering own action as part of P3j1 (worship) to sanctify the ordinary existence
It is an attitude of giving back to the Divine what really belongs to the Divine. Therefore the
ordinary work with hands and body becomes Mudr1,
Mudr1 the ordinary talk becomes Japa,
Japa the act of
eating becomes Homa or Yaj6a,
Yaj6a the ordinary walk becomes Pradak=i9a,
Pradak=i9a the act of lying down
becomes Pra91ma,
Pra91ma the act of breathing becomes Agnihotra,
Agnihotra etc. This is a high form of P3j1,
P3j1 a
continuous awareness of the Self.
!tma )akti
The transcendental awareness as one of the )akti-s
)akti flowing through Su=umn1 N182 as a result of
balancing of Pr19a )akti and Manas )akti, !k10a)
)akti the union of space (!k10a K1la)
!k10a and time (K1la
K1la
It is the spiritual kind of energy (vide )akti)
)akti allowing the occurrence of Anubh3ti experience.
!tmavidy1
The knowledge of the Self
Atri
Name of a $=i
vide also Sapta4=i
Aty1h1ra
Excessive eating as one of the seven Varjana-s
Varjana
vide also Mit1h1ra
Au882y1na P27ha
vide U882y1na P27ha
27
Au%
vide O%
Au=adhi
vide O=adhi
Avadh3ta
Lit. 'one who has rejected all his worldly feelings and obligations'
A highly spiritual person
Avair1gya
Attachment as one of the eight Bh1va-s
Bh1va
vide also Vair1gya
!vara9a
Lit. 'what covers'
The covering of the inner reality on the path of Yoga
!vara9a is one of the two functions of M1y1 as the illusion which covers the inner reality. One of
the best ways of removing !vara9a is the practice of Pr191y1ma.
Pr191y1ma It is a fundamental concept that
!vara9a)
!vara9a the higher awareness can be experienced.
only by removing the covering (!vara9a
!vara9a Devat1
A deity of covering
There are three !vara9a Devat1-s
Devat1 namely K1me0var2,
K1me0var2 Vajre0var2 and Bhagam1lin2
Bhagam1lin2,
agam1lin2 the deities
covering the light.
vide also Sarvasiddhiprada Cakra
Avaroha9a
The act of descending as opposed to !roha9a
Avasth1
Lit. 'condition'
State of human existence
Avasth1traya)
Avasth1traya viz. J1grat (waking), Svapna (dreaming) and Su=upti
There are three states (Avasth1traya
(deep sleep), each one having specific V4tti-s.
V4tti Beyond Avasth1traya there is one more state known
as Tur2ya.
Tur2ya
Avasth1 Pari91ma
Citta)
Citta accompanying the Pari91ma-s
Transformation of state of mind (Citta Pari91ma as a result of Sa%yama
Avasth1traya
vide Avasth1
Avat1ra
(from Avat4i i.e. to descend)
Incarnation of the Divine upon earth
The best known Avat1ra-s
Avat1ra are the ten forms of Vi=9u.
Vi=9u
Avidy1
28
A
Ignorance, one of the five Kle0a-s;

Kle0a an error of perception; a human experience of the cosmic M1y1
Avidy1 is regarded as the cause of Kle0a-s,
Kle0a its control means the control of all other Kle0a-s.
Kle0a
Avirati
The state of lack of due restraint as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa
Avi0e0a
Lit. 'without difference'
One of the four Gu9aparva-s
Gu9aparva in which Savic1r1 Sam1dhi is experienced
Avyakta
The non-manifested principle of creation, the primary germ of Prak4ti,
Prak4ti the state of non-
differentiation
This state is devoid of N1mar3pa.
N1mar3pa Avyakta is identified with Asat,
Asat Nirgu9a Brahman,
Brahman
Parabrahman or @0vara.
@0vara
vide also K1me0var2,
K1me0var2 Sarvasiddhiprada Cakra,
Cakra Vyakta,
Vyakta Ali^ga
Avyakta N1da
The non-manifested sound
vide also N1da
Avyakta Prak4ti
The non-manifested nature, a synonym to Ali^ga
!yam1tma Brahm1
'The extension of the Self is Brahm1'
Brahm1 is a celebrated statement in the Upani=ad-s
Upani=ad
vide also Mah1v1kya
!yudha Devat1
A deity bearing weapons
There are three deities presiding over the weapons of Dev2 Lalit1 namely P101^ku0a (noose and
goad), Ik=ukoda98a (sugar-cane bow) and the B19a-s
B19a (the five flower arrows). Their weapons are
P10a,
P10a A^ku0a,
A^ku0a Ik=ukoda98a (or Dhanu=)
Dhanu= and B19a-s.
B19a They are being kept symbolically by the
Dev2 in her four hands. The !yudha Devat1 are to be found between Sarvarogahara Cakra and
Sarvasiddhiprada Cakra.
Cakra
!yurveda
The science of the Indian medicine
vide also Do=a
29
B
Bagal1 Mukhi
The eighth of the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 representing the unconscious plane of existence that is the
source of illusion
Bahira^ga
The external stage, the outer expression as opposed to Antara^ga
Bahiry1ga
External worship known also as B1hyay1ga
vide also Y1ga,
Y1ga Antary1ga
Antary1ga
Bahi=kara9a
The body as external instrument
Bahi=k4ta Dhauti
One of the Antardhauti-s
Antardhauti as internal purification
By its practice a Deva Deha may be obtained.
Bahuda
Lit. 'much-giving'
One of the preliminary stages of Sanny1sa life-style when the Sanny1sin
Sanny1sin gives the best in the life
of an !0rama
B1hy1k10a
Outer space
B1hyap3j1
Lit. 'lower worship'
A ritual practice of worship, using voice, objects or images
vide also P3j1,
P3j1 Devay1na
B1hyay1ga
vide Bahiry1ga,
Bahiry1ga Y1ga
Bala
Bodily and mental strength or vitality as one of the four K1ya Sampad-s
Sampad
B1l1ki
Name of a sage in the Upani=ad-s
Upani=ad
vide also B1l1ki Vidy1
B1l1ki Vidy1
The knowledge of B1l1ki
30
B
A Veda Vidy1, one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s

Vidy1 that gradually deals with the knowledge of Puru=a
from the left and right eyes to Agni,
Agni V1yu,
V1yu !k10a and finally to the Puru=a of the sun.
Bali
A gift offering as a sacrifice in the form of fruits and flowers
B19a
Lit. 'arrow'
A flower arrow of K1ma
The five flower arrows of K1ma denoting the five Tanm1tra
Tanm1tra-s
m1tra (subtle forms of matter) are the
lotus, the A0oka,
A0oka the mango blossom, the jasmine and the blue lotus.
vide also !yudha Devat1
Bandha
Lit. 'binding, tying; connection with; uniting; joining'
Contraction as yogic technique; lock
Bandha-s
Bandha are techniques used to dissolve the psychic knots and redirect the resulting energy within
the body. There is an esoteric and exoteric symbolism of Bandha-s.
Bandha On a higher plane they are
powerful and relevant Ku98alin2 yoga techniques towards )iva and )akti union in the human body
Pi98198a).
Pi98198a There are three major Bandha-s
seen as Microcosm (Pi98198a Bandha namely J1landhara Bandha
(Water-pipe lock), U882y1na Bandha (Upwards lock) and M3la Bandha (Root lock).
vide also Bandhatraya
Bandhatraya
The triple contraction using the three main Bandha-s
Bandha namely J1landhara Bandha,
Bandha U882y1na
Bandha and M3la Bandha.
Basti
Lit. 'lower belly'
One of the +atkarma-s
+atkarma known also as Vasti.
Vasti
As a yogic technique does the cleansing the abdominal area. It is of two kinds viz. Jala Basti and
)u=ka Basti.
Basti
Bh1dra
Bh1dra
The day of full-moon in the month of Bh1drapada
Bh1drapada
The rainy month corresponding to parts of August /September
vide also M1sa
Bhadr1sana
The gentle !sana
Bhaga
Gracious God; happiness; prosperity; beauty, loveliness; love, sexual pleasure; the female organ;
one of the twelve !ditya-s
!ditya
vide also Bhaj
Bhagam1lin2
31
Lit. 'the one adorned with glory'

One of the !vara9a Devat1-s
Devat1 presiding over the principle of existence of Mahat
Bhagam1lin2 is also one of the Nity1 )akti-s.
)akti
Cakra
Bhag1sana
vide Tantr1sana
Bhagavad G2t1
The Song of the Lord
The most famous Yoga work, a synthesis of Ved1nta,
Ved1nta Yoga,
Yoga S1mkhya teachings, believed to be
composed in the third or fourth century BCE.
vide also Arjuna,
Arjuna Kuruk=etra
Bhagavan
Lit. 'God-like'
One of God's names; a generic and popular name of God in India
vide also Bhaj
Bhagavat
Lit. 'the adorable one'
One of )iva's
)iva names
vide also Bhaj,
Bhaj Bhaga
Bhairava
Lit. 'terrible, formidable'
A name of )iva as a frightening aspect of the divine; a Tantric male participant
Bhairav2
Consort of Bhairava as a particular form of Dev2;
Dev2 a Tantric female participant
Bhairav2 Cakra
vide Cakra P3j1
Bhairav2 Tantra
A name of a Tantra
Bhaj
Lit. 'to adore; enjoy; worship; bestow; share with; distribute'
Sanskrit root of words like Bhakti,
Bhakti Bhaga,
Bhaga Bhagavan,
Bhagavan Bhagavat,
Bhagavat Bhajan,
Bhajan Bhakta.
Bhajan
Devotional song
vide also Bhaj
Bhakta
Devotee; one following the path of Bhakti
vide also Bhaj,
Bhaj Bh2ma Vidy1
32
B
Bhakti
Devotion
Devotion is seen as channelling of emotions towards God in order to experience the eternal
existence. In the tradition, Bhakti is the only way God can be reached, as the experience of the
Brahm198a) Pi98198a).
Pi98198a The Bhakti M2m1%s1 S3tra describes
Brahm198a in the Microcosm (Pi98198a
Macrocosm (Brahm198a
devotion as being "Supreme longing for the Lord". It is said that the Lord becomes perceptible
through devotion. Bh1vac381ma9i says: "Nothing is accomplished by constant Japa,Japa sacrifices
and austerities which torture the body, because without deep devotion Yantra-s
Yantra and Mantra-s
Mantra do
not yield fruit".
vide also Bhaj
Bhakticcheda
Any decoration or marks on forehead, arms, cheeks, nose, breasts, etc. as an expression of devotion
to Devat1-s.
Devat1
Bhakti M1rga
The path of devotion
vide also Bhakti Yoga
Bhakti Yoga
The Yoga of Devotion
The last stage in Yoga,
Yoga considered to be the Yoga of the 21st century. It has nine limbs (A^ga
A^ga-s)
A^ga
namely )r1va9a (listening to holy scriptures), K2rtana (singing devotional songs), Smarana
(remembering the Divine), P1da Sev1na (service to the feet of the Lord), Arcan1 or P3j1 (ritual
worship), Vandana (prostration before the image of the Lord), D1sya (slavish devotion to the
Lord), S1khya (friendship) and !tma Nivedana (Self-offering to the Lord). In Bhakti Yoga
Bh1va-s)
Bh1va namely )1nta (tranquil), D1sya (slavish),
there are five main states or conditions (Bh1va
V1tsalya (affectionate), S1khya (friendly) and M1dhurya (sweet).
vide also )uddha Bhakti
Bhakti Yoga Sam1dhi
The Sam1dhi as a result of Bhakti Yoga practice
Bh1^g
A drink made of Indian hemp leaves
Bh1rati
In the Veda-s Satya);
Veda the word signifying the truth (Satya
Satya a high educational institution
Bhasma
Ashes used for spiritual purpose
Bhastrik1
Lit. 'causing the sound of bellows'
In Ha7ha Yoga one of the eight major kinds of Pr191y1ma
Bh1=ya
Lit. 'an explanatory work, exposition, commentary'
Work of a spiritual kind
Bh1va
33
Lit. 'attitude; true condition; reality; disposition'

State, emotion, devotional sentiment
In Bhakti Yoga there are five states as devotional sentiments known also as Rasa-s.
Rasa As states or
conditions accompanying the Li^ga (as transmigratory soul) there are eight Bh1va-s
Bh1va namely
Dharma,
Dharma Adharma,
Adharma J61na,
J61na Aj61na,
Aj61na Vair1gya,
Vair1gya Avair1gya,
Avair1gya Ai0varya,
Ai0varya Anai0varya.
Anai0varya As states of
human personalities there are three Bh1va-s
Bh1va namely Pa0u Bh1va, Bh1va V2ra Bh1va and Divya
Bh1va.
Bh1va
vide also Tantra
Bh1vana
Lit. 'imagining'
Contemplation, reflection; feeling; thought
It is also a kind of worship (meditation) of Dev2 (vide Y1ga).
Y1ga In the tradition it is said that God is
captivated by the Bh1vana-s
Bh1vana (feelings).
Bhaya
Fear as on of the seven Varjana-s
Varjana
Fear is seen as a product of duality
vide also Abhaya Mudr1
Bhay1naka
Terror as one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
Bheru981
One of the Nity1 )akti-s
)akti
Bhoga
Lit. 'enjoyment'
The worldly experience as a path to spiritual growth in Tantra;
Tantra any worldly experience attached to
the Indriya
Indriya-s
riya
Bhog1dhi=7h1na
Living organism
Bhr1mar2
Lit. 'causing the sound of wasp'
This kind of Pr191y1ma will result in the experience of An1hata )abda.
vide also Ras1nanda Yoga
Bhr1ntidar0ana
The state of wrong perception as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa
Bh4gu
vide Brahm1
Bh4gu V1ru9i Vidy1
The knowledge of Bh4gu V1ru9i
34
B

Vidy1 refers to the gradual knowledge of the five Ko0a-s
Ko0a
beyond which the Sagu9a Brahman can be realized.
Bhr3madhya
The space between the eyebrows as Cakra K=etra of !j61 Cakra
vide also )1%bhav2 Mudr1
Bhuja^g1sana
The cobra !sana
Bhuja^g2
Lit. 'female-serpent'
A name for Ku98alin2
Bhuja^gin2 Mudr1
The she-serpent Mudr1 one of the Mudr1 Bhanda-s
Bhanda
Bh3ma Vidy1
The knowledge of the world
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s,
Vidy1 as related to N1rada by Sanatkum1ra. The disciple
is led to understand gradual stages from V1k,
V1k Manas,
Manas Sa%kalpa,
Sa%kalpa Citta,
Citta Dhy1na and finally to
Pr19a. Bhakta)
Bhakta namely Satya,
Pr19a Here are also enumerated the qualifications of a good devotee (Bhakta Satya
Vij61na,
Vij61na Mati,
Mati )raddh1,
)raddh1 Ni=7h1 and K4ti.
Bh3mi
Earth
vide also Bh3ta
Bh3mik1
vide Yoga Avasth1
Bh3mitattva
vide P4thiv2tattva
Bh3pura
Lit. 'region (plan) of earth'
vide Trailokyamohana Cakra
Bh3rloka
The Earth plane
vide Loka
Bh3 Sam1dhi
The underground Sam1dhi
Bh3ta
Lit. 'consisting of; being'
Gross element of the human body; gross form of matter; animated being
35
Also known as Pa6cabh3ta-s,

Pa6cabh3ta Mah1bh3ta-s
Mah1bh3ta or Sth3la Mah1 Bh3ta-s.
Bh3ta There are five Bh3ta-s
Bh3ta
namely: !k10a or Vyoma (ether), V1yu (air), Tejas or Agni or Vahni (fire), Ap or Toya (water),
Bh3mi or P4thiv2 (earth), all produced from the Tamas Gu9a of Prak4ti and are parts of the
thirty-six Tattva-s.
Tattva For the purpose of Mudr1 the five fingers correspond to the five Bh3ta-s.
Bh3ta The
order of their higher and higher absorption is P4thiv2,
P4thiv2 Ap,
Ap Tejas,
Tejas V1yu,
V1yu !k10a,
!k10a corresponding to
the Devat1-s
Devat1 such as Brahm1,
Brahm1 Vi=9u,
Vi=9u Rudra,
Rudra @0vara,
@0vara and Sad10iva,
Sad10iva the later seen as parallel to
the five parts of O% Mantra (i.e. A, U, M, N1da and Bindu).
Bindu
Bh3t1di
Rudiment-matter, original element
Source of !k10a (ether) as the first Bh3ta (gross matter) of S4=7i.
Bh3ta )uddhi
Bh3ta-s)
Bh3ta of the body
Purification of the gross elements (Bh3ta
It is an essential ritual before worship or any making of ritual art items.
Bhuvana
In the Veda-s
Veda the world (including the solar system) as plane of existence
Bhuvane0var2
Lit. 'ruler of the spheres'
The fourth of the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 represents the projection of the consciousness as infinite space
and therefore the holder of all existence
Bhuvane0var2 B2ja
vide Hr2%
Bhuvarloka
The region between the earth and the sun; the sky
A Loka inhabited by Siddha-s
Siddha and Muni-s.
Muni
B2bhatsa
Disgust as one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
B2ja (also written as V2ja)
V2ja
Lit. 'seed; germ; semen; source; origin; primary cause; truth as the cause of being; basis for the
mind'
B2ja as part of creation that emerged from N1da
B2j1kar=i92
The attractive power of B2ja
vide also Sarv101paripuraka
Sarv101paripuraka Cakra
B2j1k=ara
Seed syllable or B2ja Mantra
B2ja Mantra
A Mantra having three to nine syllables, synonym to B2j1k=ara;
B2j1k=ara an expression of a deity in a
Mantra form.
Bila Siddhi
36
B
The power of opening

vide also Siddhi
Bilva
Tree of the Lord )iva known also as wood-apple, Bel tree or scientifically Aegle Marmelos, the
only sacred tree of the Lord )iva
Bilvapattra
Leaf of Bilva tree
Bindu
Drop; dot; mark; source
In Tantra,
Tantra Bindu as K1ra9a Bindu,
Bindu then K1rya Bindu,
Bindu proceeds N1da and represents the infinite
Brahm198a)
Brahm198a about to be unfolded. The ninth Cakra
potentialities of the larger universe (Brahm198a
Sarv1nandamaya Cakra)
(Sarv1nandamaya Cakra of the )r2 Yantra is also called Bindu.
Bindu There are three Bindu-s
Bindu at the
centre of )r2 Yantra,
Yantra namely )iva M1y1,
M1y1 )akti M1y1 and )iva-
)iva-Sakti M1y1. Their colours are
white, red and colourless, their elements are Sun, Moon and Fire symbolized by the double Bindu
of Visarga and single Bindu of Anusv1ra. The image of Bindu made of Visarga and Anusv1ra is
described metaphorically in B4had1ra9yaka Upani=ad (2.1.20) and other Upani=ad-s
Upani=ad as a spider.
In Saundaryalahar2 (7) the Divine Mother Tripurasundar2 is described with her face resembling
the moon, her breasts like the frontal globes of the forehead of a young elephant, wearing mini-
bells, therefore equating Tripurasundar2
Tripurasundar2 with Bindu.
Bindu
vide also Bindutraya
Binduma98ala Cakra
vide Sarv1nandamaya Cakra
Bindutraya
The threefold Bindu at the centre of the )r2 Tantra
Bodhana
An essential rite to awakening (through worship) a work of ritual art
Brahm1
Lord Brahm1 one of the Hindu trinity (Trim3rti
Trim3rti);
Trim3rti the principle and manifestation of creation
Lord Brahm1 presides over the creation of the Universe (Brahm198a
Brahm198a).
Brahm198a He is the personal Creator
Brahman).
Brahman The first created beings by Brahm1
manifested from the impersonal Universal Spirit (Brahman
were the ten lords viz. Mar2ci,
Mar2ci Atri,
Atri A^giras,
A^giras Pulastya,
Pulastya Pulaha,
Pulaha Kratu,
Kratu Vasi=7ha,
Vasi=7ha Pracetas (or
Dak=a),
Dak=a Bh4gu and N1rada.
N1rada They all are known under the name Praj1pati or Mah1 $=i-s.
$=i
vide also Sapta4=i
Brahmac1rin
Lit. 'student of Brahm1'
A follower of Brahmacarya
vide also !0rama
Brahmacarya
Continence as one of the five Yama-s
Yama
It has to be seen more as awareness of actions of a person than abstinence from sexual experience.
Brahmacaryaprati=7h1
37
A state in which Brahmacarya is firmly established

A Yog2 possessing Brahmacaryaprati=7h1 becomes full of vitality.
Brahmadv1ra
The door of Brahm1
Brahmagranthi
Lit. 'knot of Brahm1'
The Granthi located in the Agnikha98a
It represents the attachment to Lobha (greed) and K1ma (desire) of Pa6c1gni-s
Pa6c1gni
vide Granthi.
Granthi
Brahmaj61na
Spiritual wisdom as knowledge of the true reality
Brahmak1ra
The active state of Citta in which identifies itself with the Self
Brahmak1ra V4tti
The V4tti of Brahmak1ra state
Brahmaloka
vide Satyaloka,
Satyaloka Loka
Brahman
(from the root B4h i.e. to expand)
Lit. 'expansion, evolution, growth'
In Ved1nta the impersonal Universal Spirit known also as )iva in Tantra.
Tantra
It has two aspects viz. Sagu9a and Nirgu9a.
Nirgu9a
vide also M1y1,
M1y1 T1raka,
T1raka Tantra
Br1hma9a
Lit. 'one who has divine knowledge'
A Brahmin priest; a specific kind of Vedic literature (900-700 BCE)
$tvija-s)
$tvija who chants the hymns of the Atharva Veda while
He is one of the four Vedic priests ($tvija
Mantra-s).
Mantra
performing incantations (Mantra A Brahmin priest is assisted by three other helper priests viz.
Agn2dhra,
Agn2dhra Br1hma91cchansin and Pot4. Pot4 As spiritual leader he belongs to the highest caste
Var9a)
Var9a in the Vedic tradition.
(Var9a
vide also Veda
Br1hma91cchansin
Lit. 'the one reciting after the Br1hma9a'
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Br1hma9a priest
Brahma N182
A channel of energy within the Citra N182
Brahm198a
Lit. 'Brahm1's egg'
38
B
Macrocosm; universe; world; cosmic body

There are endless Brahm198a-s
Brahm198a coexisting, each having own gods, Brahma for creation, Vi=9u
for preservation and Rudra for destruction (vide Trim3rti).
Trim3rti Brahm198a could also be seen as
Cittav4tti of Brahman or a product of the cosmic thinking manifestation therefore is unreal.
vide also A98api98a,
A98api98a K=udra Brahm198a,
Brahm198a Pi98198a
Brahm192
vide Trim3rti
Brahmarandhra
Lit. 'Brahm1's opening'
An opening above the Sahasr1ra Cakra through where the Soul is said to pass on death and the
door between two realms of existence
Brahma Tantra
All that is taught in the Veda-s
Veda
Brahmav1din
One who explains the Veda-s
Veda
Brahmaveda
The Veda of sacred spells and charms, i.e. Atharva Veda
Brahmavedi
The Brahm1's
Brahm1 altar
Brahmayoga
The highest kind of initiation in the Tantra S1dhana in which devotion is the essence
B4haspati
Lit. 'lord of prayer or devotion'
Guru or preceptor of the Deva-s;
Deva the name for planet Jupiter
B4haspati V1caspati
B4haspati the lord of speech and prayer; one of the eight Devas3-s
Devas3 as an aspect of B4haspati
B4hat (from the root B4h i.e. to expand)
Lit. 'abundant, vast, large'
In the Veda-s
Veda a name for Brahman
Buddha (from the root Budh i.e. to wake up)
Lit. 'the enlightened one'
An spiritual liberated man, founder of Buddhism, who lived in the sixth century BCE
Buddha is regarded in Hinduism as an incarnation (Avat1ra
Avat1ra)
Avat1ra of Vi=9u.
Vi=9u
Buddhi (from the root Budh i.e. to wake up)
Lit. 'intellect, reason'
The discriminating aspect of mind; intellect as a cognitive faculty
39
vide also !k10a

Buddhimaya Ko0a
vide Vij61namaya Ko0a
Buddhitattva
The Tattva of Buddhi
Buddhy1kar=i92
The attractive power of Buddhi
vide Sarv101paripuraka Cakra
Cakra
Budha
The planet Mercury, one of the Navagraha-s
Navagraha
40
C
C
Caitanya
Consciousness; the Universal Soul
vide also Cetana
Caitra
The month corresponding to parts of March/April
vide also M1sa
Cakra
Lit. 'wheel; circle'
Centre (vortex) of energy and level of awareness
In the human body there are seven major Cakra-s
Cakra viz. M3l1dh1ra,
M3l1dh1ra Svadhi=7h1na,
Svadhi=7h1na Ma9ip3ra,
Ma9ip3ra
An1hata, Vi0uddha (or Vi0uddhi),
An1hata Vi0uddhi !j61 and Sahasr1ra.
Sahasr1ra Known also as Padma-s
Padma (lotuses) the
Cakra-s
Cakra are located in the S3k=ma )ar2ra body influencing also the other two )ar2ra-s.
)ar2ra Round
the centre of energy there are expansions producing the appearances of the petals of a lotus flower,
N182-s).
N182
in fact they are starting points of energy channels (N182 When opened the Cakra-s
Cakra become
gates of connection between the three )ar2ra-s
ar2ra therefore the physical consciousness may thus have
access to other planes. The Cakra-s
Cakra represent also the cycle of creation, preservation and
destruction (absorption).
vide also Pa6c1gni,
Pa6c1gni Loka
Cakra K=etra
The horizontal projection of a Cakra trigger point in the spinal cord on the front surface of the body
Only Svadhi=7h1na, Ma9ip3ra, An1hata, Vi0uddhi and !j61 Cakra-s
Cakra have Cakra
K=etra-s.
K=etra
Cakra P3j1
Circle worship
Tantric rite of which Bhairav2 Cakra is the most important.
Cakrar1ja
Lit. 'royal wheel'
Another name for )r2 Cakra
Cakr1sana
vide Tantr1sana
Cakra )uddhi
The process of purification of Cakra-s
Cakra
Cakre0vara
The leader of a Cakra P3j1 as a Tantric Guru
vide also Cakre0var2
41
Cakre0var2
A generic name for a )akti presiding over a Cakra P3j1
vide also Cakre0vara
Cak=u
The third eye, the eye of )iva;
)iva the physical eye
The opening of Cak=us is linked to the renunciation to desired (vide Ana^ga).
Ana^ga
vide also Netra,
Netra J61nendriya
C1mu981
A terrific aspect of Dev2 as destroyer of Ca98a and Mu98a
Ca982 (or Ca98ik1 )
Lit. 'an ardent, passionate woman'
A popular name of Dev2
Ca98id1s
Poet and initiate of 15th century Bengal
vide also R1mi
Ca98ik1
vide Ca982
Candra
Lit. 'shining; the moon'
The moon or the lunar phase as one of the Navagraha-s;
Navagraha the Devat1 of I81
I81 N182;
N182 the feminine
kind of energetic; a Devat1
vide also Candrakha98a
Candradv1ra
The passage of the moon
Candrakal1
The increase/ decrease of the moon's disc in twenty-four hours, i.e. one sixteenth of the moon's disk
The moon is so personified as twenty-eight Nity1 )akti-s
)akti
Candrak1nti
Moonlight
Candrakha98a
Group containing Vi0uddhi and !jn1 Cakra-s
Cakra and Rudragranthi
The presiding deity is Candra,
Candra the Gu9a is Sattva,
Sattva the corresponding cosmic planes are
Taparloka and Satyaloka.
Satyaloka
Candrama98ala
Moon's halo, a representation of )r2 Cakra
Candra N182
A synonym for I81 N182
42
C
Candra0ekhara
Lit. 'the one who has the moon as diadem'
A name of )iva
Caturtha Pr191y1ma
Lit. 'the fourth Pr191y1ma'
Catu=p27ha
Lit. 'the four P27ha-s'
The four P27ha-s
P27ha are K1mar3pa,
K1mar3pa P3r9agiri
P3r9agiri,
iri J1landhara and U882y1na.
vide also Sarvasiddhiprada Cakra,
Cakra Sarv1nandamaya Cakra,
Cakra Siddhap27ha
Cau0atti Yogin2
The sixty-four Yogin2-s
Yogin2
Cela
Disciple
Cetana
Lit. 'the one that illuminates'
Consciousness
vide also Caitanya
Ch1ndogya Upani=ad
One of the most important Upani=ad from where many Veda Vidy1-s
Vidy1 are extracted
Ch1ya
Shade, shadow; reflection; protection; giving protection (as a name of )iva)
)iva
Ch1ya Puru=a
The consciousness beyond Buddhi
Ch1y1 Up1san1
Tr17aka technique when the practitioner does the gazing on own shadow (from sun or moon)
Cidagni
vide Cidvahni
Cidagniku98a
The altar of the fire of consciousness
It is from where Dev2 was born in Her physical form.
Cid1k10a
Lit. 'space of knowledge'
Mind space as space of consciousness; the cosmic universal mind
The dark colour space visualized in front of the closed eyes in which is experienced the visual
aspect of mental energy is the Cid1k10a experience. Only when Ku98alin2 reaches Sahasr1ra
Cakra there is the full experience of Cid1k10a.
Cid1k10a
Cid1k10a Dh1ra91
Dh1ra91
43
The practice of meditation on Cid1k10a

Cidr3pa
The pure consciousness as pure thought; consciousness with form
vide Cit
Cidvahni (also Cidagni)
Cidagni
H4d)
H4d in the human body
The celestial fire, the fire of consciousness corresponding to the heart (H4d
)akti S3tra
S3tra says: "Consciousness is fire because by its nature it consumes the universe".
vide also N1ciket1gni Vidy1
Cikits1
Science of medicine as kind of )1stra
Cinnamast1
The fifth of the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1
It represents the end of ordinary existence, the essential step before the emergence of a new
consciousness.
Cint1ma9i
Lit. 'thought gem'
The gem which grants all wishes
The shinning "precious stone" is the pure mind covered by the veils of desire (that is to be removed
by various practices). It is well described in Brahm198a Pur19a and Rudra Y1mala.
Cit
Lit. 'to be conscious of, know, perceive'
The pure consciousness; the universal consciousness freed from any conditioning
vide also Sa%vit
Citr1
Lit. 'bright; excellent'
)akti
Citragupta
Lit. 'the hidden auditor'
The one recording every action
Various interpretations are given who is the one doing that. It can be regarded as the collector of
information found in the Cid1k10a.
Cid1k10a
Citra N182
A channel of energy within the Su=umn1 N182
Citri92
vide Padmin2
Citsvar3pa
The formless pure consciousness
Citta
44
C
(from the root Cit i.e. to be aware)

Lit. 'reflecting, thinking; aimed at'
The conscious, subconscious and unconscious layers of mind and their functions reflecting the Cit
The two active states of Citta are Vi=ayak1ra and Brahmak1ra,
Brahmak1ra its supporting organ is the
Manas. From the point of view of J61t1 J61na J6eya,
Manas J6eya Citta is the one who knows. As levels of
access to different planes there are three kinds of Citta-s
Citta namely Citta (as an individual natural
expression), Cid1k10a (as cosmic mind) and Nirmana Citta (as divine or causal mind).
vide also !k10a,
!k10a Pari91ma
Cittabh3mi
State of mental plane as kind of consciousness
There are five Cittabh3mi-s
Cittabh3mi (according to Vy1sa Bh1=ya)
Bh1=ya namely K=ipta,
K=ipta M38ha,
M38ha Vik=ipta
Vik=ipta,
ta
Ek1gra and Niruddha.
Niruddha
Cittakar=i92
The attractive power of Citta
vide Sarv10aparipuraka Cakra
Citta Pras1dana
In Yoga the attitude towards obtaining purification of the mind
There are four Citta Pras1dana-s
Pras1dana viz. Maitr2,
Maitr2 Karu91,
Karu91 Mudit1 and Upek=a.
Upek=a
Cittasa%vit
Cittasa%vit
The experience of merging of Cit with its reflection (i.e. Citta)
Citta acquired by practicing Sa%yama
on An1hata Cakra
Citta0uddhi
Purification of the mind
vide also )uddhi,
)uddhi Citta
Citta Vik=ep1
The mental obstructive destruction in Yoga known also as Antar1ya
Antar1ya (impediment)
There are nine Citta Vik=ep1-s
Vik=ep1 namely Vy1dhi,
Vy1dhi Sty1na,
Sty1na Sa%0aya,
Sa%0aya Pram1da,
Pram1da !lasya,
!lasya Avirati,
Avirati
Bhr1ntidar0ana,
Bhr1ntidar0ana Alabdhabh3mikatva and Anavasthitatva as described in Yoga S3tra-s
S3tra (I.30).
vide also Vik=epasahabh3,
Vik=epasahabh3 Vik=epa
Cittav4tti
Activity in Citta
Citta as a cognitive experience, a superimposition on the true nature of the human being
Puru=a)
Puru=a
(Puru=a
There are five Cittav4tti-s
Cittav4tti according to Pata6jali namely Pram1na,
Pram1na Viparyaya,
Viparyaya Vikalpa,
Vikalpa Nidr1
and Sm4ti,
Sm4ti all as conscious experiences in Citta.
Citta For the condition of state of Yoga it is necessary
to restrict the activities in the mind by Abhy1sa and Vair1gya.
Vair1gya
Cittav4ttinirodha
Cessation of Cittav4tti-s
Cittav4tti as Pata6jali's
Pata6jali definition of Yoga in Yoga S3tra-s.
S3tra
C381ma9i
Crest jewel as Dev2's
Dev2 gem
45
D
D1haka
The J17har1gni (digestive fire) of burning (heating)
vide also Sarvaj61namay2
Dahar1k10a
Lit. 'small space'
The space of the lower three Cakra-s
Cakra in the human body
Dahar1k10a Dh1ra91
The practice of meditation on the lower Cakra-s
Cakra (i.e. M3l1dh1ra,
M3l1dh1ra Svadhi=7h1na and Ma9ipura
Ma9ipura)
ra
Dahara Vidy1
The knowledge of the small
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 which could be known by meditation into the heart
H4daya)
H4daya as the open door for the inner !k10a leading to the full knowledge of !k10a
(H4daya
Daiv2sampat
Daiv2sampat
Divine quality
In the Bhagavad G2t1 are mentioned twenty-six divine qualities namely Abhaya,
Abhaya
Sattvasa%0uddhi, J61nayogavyavasthiti,
Sattvasa%0uddhi J61nayogavyavasthiti D1na,
D1na Dana,
Dana Yaj6a,
Yaj6a Sv1dhy1ya,
Sv1dhy1ya Tapas,
Tapas !rjava,
!rjava
Ahi%s1,
Ahi%s1 Satya,
Satya Akrodha,
Akrodha Ty1ga,
Ty1ga )1nti,
)1nti Apai0una,
Apai0una Day1,
Day1 Aloluptva,
Aloluptva M1rdava,
M1rdava Hr2,
Hr2 Ac1pala,
Ac1pala
Tejas,
Tejas K=am1,
K=am1 Dh4ti,
Dh4ti )auca,
)auca Adroha and N1tim1nit1.
N1tim1nit1
Daiv2 V1k
It is how was called the Sanskrit language during the Vedic period
*1kin2
The )akti residing in M3l1dh1ra Cakra
Dak=a
Lit. 'able, intelligent; strong'
One of the Praj1pati-s
Praj1pati known also as Pracet1s considered to be Dev2's
Dev2 father; one of the twelve
!ditya-s
!ditya
Dak=i9a
Right side; having somebody to the right side as a mark of honour (as opposed to V1ma i.e. to the
left); one of the sacrificial fires (vide Agni)
Agni
Dak=i9a is also a donation, fee or gift to a priest or Guru.
Guru
Dak=i9a Agni
One of the three sacrificial fires, the southern fire of the altar of sacrifice
In the human body it is located in the heart area, esoterically is the level of consciousness of
An1hata Cakra.
Cakra
46
D
vide also Agni

Agni
Dak=i91c1ra
The right-hand division of Tantra also known as Dak=ina M1rga
Dak=i9a M1rga
Lit. 'path of the right'
vide Dak=i91c1ra
Dak=i91m3rti
The Guru of Gods
Dak=i91varta
A shell whose convolutions are oriented towards the right
Dak=i91yana
Sun's progress south of the equator (from 21 June to 21 Dec) expressing the southwards way to
Yama's quarter; the dark path
Yama
For the departed soul it offers the experience of Dh3mra and R1tri,
R1tri i.e. the consciousness will
return to the material plane in a new body.
vide also Uttar1yana
D1mara
Kind of spiritual writing work promulgated by )iva
Damaru
A hand drum traditionally the instrument of subduing of Lord )iva (vide)
Dana
Control of senses as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
D1na
Alms giving as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Da98a
Stick
Da98a Dhauti
Cleaning by a stick as one of the H4d Dhauti-s
Dhauti in order to cure the heart diseases
Danta Dhauti
Cleaning the teeth area as one of the four Dhauti-s
Dhauti
There are four yogic techniques under Danta Dhauti namely Danta M3la
M3la Dhauti,
Dhauti Jihv1
)odhana,
)odhana Kar9a Dhauti and Kap1larandhra Dhauti.
Dhauti
Danta M3la Dhauti
Washing of the teeth as one of the Danta Dhauti-s
Dhauti
Darbha
Dried Ku0a used in religious ceremonies
Dar0ana
47
Lit. 'vision, view; understanding; doctrine'

The cognitive principle; system of philosophy; meeting with a spiritual purpose; sight of a Deva or
Guru.
Guru
vide also +a8 Dar0ana
Da0a Mah1vidy1
The ten great sciences as deities
vide Mah1vidy1
Da0av1yu
The ten vital airs
vide V1yu
Dasn1mi
Lit. 'ten names'
The ten orders of mendicants (founded by )a^kara)
)a^kara protected by the N1ga-s
N1ga (naked ascetics)
D1sya (also known as Kai%karya)
Kai%karya
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga as the devotional act of slavish devotion to the Lord, also
one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
The ideal service was done by Lak=ma9a to R1ma as R1ma's
R1ma servant.
Daurmanasya
The mental activity of being depressed
Vik=epasahabh3 it is connected to the Manomaya Ko0a.
Ko0a
Day1
Compassion as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Deha
Karma-s)
Karma
Body as vehicle and media of actions (Karma
De0a
Space; region; centre of concentration synonym to !dh1ra Padma
Deva (from the root Div i.e. to cast, throw, therefore expressing the action as manifestation of
gods)
A god, deity; spirit; spiritual being
Deva-s
Deva are manifestations and functions of Cit (Universal Consciousness) at various levels and as
such they are creations of )akti as the kinetic aspect of Cit.
Cit Their range of actions extend from the
world of Manu=ya to Sagu9a Brahman.
Brahman The fundamental concept about Deva-s Deva is that they
Manu=ya)
Manu=ya and as such become
manifest both externally and internally to the human being (Manu=ya
accessible through cognition and experience.
vide also )iva )akti
Deva Bh1=1
vide Sa%sk4ta
Devadar0ana
The seeing of Gods
48
D
Devadatta
Lit. 'the God-given'
The V1yu producing the function of yawning
Cakra Sarv1^gasundar2
Deva Deha
Divine body
Devaloka
Heaven, the world of Gods
Devamaithuna
The cohabitation of the Gods as expression of )iva )akti form of union
Devan1gari
Lit. 'divine writing'
The Sanskrit alphabet
vide also M1t4k1
Devas3
Ga9a Devat1-s)
The procreating Gods as one class of deities (Ga9a Devat1
There are eight Devas3-s,
Devas3 each having specific functions, namely Agni G4hapati,
G4hapati Soma
Vanaspati,
Vanaspati Savit4 Satyaprasava,
Satyaprasava Rudra Pa0upati,
Pa0upati B4haspati V1caspati,
V1caspati Indra Jye=7ha
Jye=7ha,
7ha Mitra
Satya and Varuna Dharmapati. They all manifest within the human body.
Devasu=i
Lit. 'divine tube'
The gates of the five major V1yu-s
V1yu located in the centre of the lotus of the heart
The gates have to be seen as the openings in the K1ra9a )ar2ra through which the five major
V1yu-s are born within the Suk=ma )ar2ra. The gates are located as four towards the four quarters
V1yu
Sam1na to the north, Vy1na to the south, Ap1na to the west, Pr19a to the east) and one upwords
(Sam1na
namely Ud1na. Each gate possesses specific Siddhi-s,
Siddhi which have to be overcome. Beyond the
five gates it is Para%jyoti=,
Para%jyoti= the J2v1tm1 Itself.
vide also G1yatr2 Vidy1
Devat1
God or Goddess; Deity
vide Deva
Devay1na
The path of Gods
A spiritual path using Gods as vehicles to attain the knowledge of Sagu9a Brahman.
Brahman
Devayoni
Spirit, demigod
Spirits said to people Mount Kail1sa and Mount Meru.
Meru )r2 Gane=a after receiving the teaching of
the Tantra-s
Tantra from his father Lord )iva,
)iva preached them first to Devayoni on Mount Kail1sa.
Kail1sa
Dev2
49
The Great Goddess

Dev2 as Sat2,
Sat2 Um1,
Um1 P1rvat2 and Gaur2 is the spouse of )iva.
)iva She is the ruler of all the Universes
Brahm198a-s)
Brahm198a having countless names according to Her different qualities and actions.
(Brahm198a
vide also K4p1 Ka71k=a,
Ka71k=a !yudha Devat1,
Devat1 Lalit1
Dev2 Ku98alin2
)akti as Ku98alin2
Dev2p27ha
A symbol of creation as attribute of a part of Dev2's
Dev2 body as Sat2
vide also P27ha
Dev2 Up1sana
Dev2 worship
Dhairya
Fortitude
Dhairy1kar=i92
The attractive power of Dhairya
Dhairyat1
Calmness as a result of practicing Praty1h1ra
Dhana6jay1
The V1yu producing the function of distension
Cakra Sarvasaubh1gyad1yi92
Dhanur1sana
The bow !sana
Dhanu=
Bow
vide also Ik=ukoda98a,
Ik=ukoda98a Indradhanu=
Dh1ra91 (from the root Dh4 i.e. to hold, preserve, support) (also Dh1ra91)
Dh1ra91
Lit. 'the act of holding or maintaining'
Concentration
A^ga of the A=71^ga Yoga of Pata6jali
Dh1ra9a Yantra
A kind of Yantra to be worn by the devotee as an amulet used for protection of all kinds or
acquisition of material gains or personal qualities
Dharma (from the root Dh4 i.e. to hold, preserve, support)
Lit. 'right conduct'
Higher duty, virtue (or Pu9ya)
Pu9ya one of the eight Bh1va-s;
Bh1va one of the Puru=1rtha-s;
Puru=1rtha inherent
property of time
50
D
As inherent properties of time Dharma-s

Dharma are of three kinds viz. At2ta,
At2ta Vartam1na and An1gata,
An1gata
the process of time difference is called Adhvabheda.
Adhvabheda They affect each other all the time as the
potential future time becomes present then past, and the past can influence the present and therefore
generates a potential state. Dharma is a play of Karma,
Karma in which both cause and effect are being
present in every action, but Dharma emphasizes the order ($ta
$ta) Karma).
$ta in action (Karma
Karma
vide also Adharma
Dharm1dharma
Merit and demerit
Dharmam1rga
Dharmam1rga
The path of virtue
Dharmamegha Sam1dhi
The highest point of Sam1dhi in which the Yog2 gives up even the idea of reaching Kaivalya
At this point all V1san1-s
V1san1 are buried and the Yog2 has access to a different reality. The Karma-s
Karma
(actions) and Kle0a-s
Kle0a (afflictions) do not create any effect i.e. the Yog2 is free from the
manifestations of Prak4ti and the products of the three Gu9a-s,
Gu9a the state of J2vanmukti is reached,
the Yog2 becomes a Siddha.
Siddha
vide also Sat Cit !nanda,
!nanda Mah1v1kya
Dharma Pari91ma
Transformation of the nature of mind (as Citta)
Pari91ma as a result of
Sa%yama
Dharma01l1
A resting place for pilgrims
Dh1tr2 (from the root Dh4 i.e. to hold, preserve, support)
Earth
Dh1tu
Lit. 'ingredient; element; primitive matter'
An essential element of the body
There are seven Dh1tu-s Sapta Dh1tu-s)
Dh1tu (Sapta Dh1tu viz. Asthi (bone), Meda (fat), M1%sa (flesh), Rakta
(blood), Tvak (skin), Majj1 (marrow) and )ukra (semen). They are the abodes of the seven )akti-s
)akti
presiding over the seven Cakra-s
Cakra and represented by the seven trunks of the elephant in M3l1dh1ra
Cakra as symbol of creativity.
Dhauti
One of the +atkarma-s
+atkarma the Dhauti-s
Dhauti are of four kinds namely Antar Dhauti,
Dhauti Danta Dhauti,
Dhauti H4d
Dhauti and M3la )odhana
Dhenu
In the Veda-s
Veda the milch cow representing the power of creation complementing V4=abha (the bull)
In the Vedic tradition Dhenu is the representation of V1k.V1k It has four udders representing the
Mantra-s
Mantra Sv1h1,
Sv1h1 Va=a7,
Va=a7 Hanta and Svadh1.
Svadh1 Sv1h1 and Va=a7 feed the Deva-s,
Deva Hanta feeds
the men and Svadh1
Svadh1 the Pit4-s.
Pit4 Dhenu has to be seen as symbol of female principle in the Veda-s,
Veda
a parallel concept to Prak4ti in Yoga.
Yoga It is also relevant to know that the "moo" sound of a cow is
the opposite of Mantra O%,
O% i.e. the "moo" sound is the sound of the creation, the O% sound of the
absorption.
51
Dh4ti
Fortitude as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Dh3m1v1t2
The seventh of the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1
Called also "the smoky one" she represents the ultimate destruction, a kind of existence when
everything in the universe is in a state of darkness and inertia.
Dh3mra
Lit. 'smoke-coloured, smoky'
A certain experience leading to the path of Dak=i91yana
vide also Dh3mrali^ga
Dh3mrali^ga
The experience of Dh3mra in the M3l1dh1ra Cakra as form taken by )iva
It is also known as Svayamb3 Li^ga.
Li^ga
vide also )ivali^ga
Dhvani
The audible sound
Dhy1na (from the root Dhyai i.e. to contemplate, imagine)
Awareness as unbroken state of thoughts flow
This is a process of expansion of consciousness in which time (representing )iva)
)iva and space
(representing )akti)
)akti are brought together. In Yoga it is one of the eight A^ga-s
A^ga of the A=71^ga
Yoga of Pata6jali and an essential path to further human evolution. Through Dhy1na, Dhy1na
Pratyak=atva is obtained. Consciousness is also compared with the fire (Agni
Agni),
Agni which by its nature
consumes the material universe. Dhy1na,
Dhy1na as degree of finesse, is of three kinds, namely
Sth3ladhy1na,
Sth3ladhy1na S3k=madhy1na and Jyotirdhy1na.
Jyotirdhy1na
vide also Cidvahni
Dhy1na Mudr1
A kind of Mudr1 used for meditation
Dhy1nasth1na
Point of Dhy1na
Dhy1na practice inside the human body
Dhy1na Yoga
Kind of Yoga by practicing various kinds of meditation
Dhy1na Yoga Sam1dhi
The Sam1dhi as a result of Dhy1na Yoga practice
Digambara
Lit. 'sky-clothed'
A naked mendicant, a N1ga
vide also Rakt1mbara
D2k=1
52
D
Initiation of a spiritual tradition

In the Tantra-s
Tantra there are thirty-eight kinds of initiations, traditionally.
D2rgha
Long
Divya
Lit. 'divine'
Divine quality; a kind of S1dhaka in the Tantra-s
Tantra
In the Divya kind of S1dhaka the Sattva Gu9a is predominant.
Divyabh1va
Divyabh1va
One of the Bh1va-s
Bh1va as a state of human personality based on equilibrium and rhythm, therefore of
Sattva nature
Divya Cak=u
The divine eye i.e. !jn1 Cakra
Divya )rotra
Divine ear or hearing as a quality acquired after practicing N1da Dh1ra9a
Divyaugha
Lit. 'divine teacher'
Three aspects of )iva as part of Navan1tha-s
Navan1tha represented in the human body by the two ears
)rotra) V1k)
)rotra and the mouth (V1k
()rotra V1k
Do=a
Deficiency; fault; detrimental effect; disease; humour of the body; defect
As deficiencies of the body causes diseases there are three Do=a-s
Do=a namely V1yu,
V1yu Pitta and Kapha
as humours of the body. In the !yurveda system of Indian medicine the knowledge of Do=a-s
Do=a is
essential for balancing the body system. The term Do=a can be used to define any defect and has an
extended use.
Dra=7a
Lit. 'seer, observer'
A person capable of witnessing own actions and all life experiences (as D40ya)
D40ya
The real Dra=7a is !tman.
!tman A Dra=7a lives fully, surrenders and moves with the flow of life.
vide also !tmadra=7a,
!tmadra=7a Nirvic1r1 Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi S1k=ibh1va
S1k=ibh1va
Dra=7a D40ya
D4=7i)
D4=7i
The subject and object of seeing (D4=7i
D48hat1
Strength as a result of practicing !sana-s
!sana
D4=7i
Lit. 'seeing'
The action of seeing; the space between the eyebrows
The word is also taken as sense experience or beyond the sense experience and is associated with
!jn1 Cakra.
53
D40ya
Lit. 'seen'
Indriya-s)
Indriya and all A%0a-s
All the objects known through senses (Indriya A%0a of !k10a in the Pi98198a;
Pi98198a
anything subject to cognition
Du5kha
Lit. 'unpleasant, pain, sorrow'
The mental activity of being sad, distressed; suffering; grief
The root of Du5kha is considered to be the duality (Dvaita
Dvaita).
Dvaita Philosophically Du5kha as suffering
Mok=a),
Mok=a a condition the human being has to
is a necessity, a conditio sine qua non of liberation (Mok=a
rise above and put an end to suffering. As one of the four Vik=epasahabh3-s
Vik=epasahabh3 Du5kha is connected
to the Vij61namaya Ko0a.
Ko0a
vide also Sarvarogahara Cakra,
Cakra Vimal1,
Vimal1 Kle0a
Durg1
Lit. 'fortress'
A form of )akti as culmination of all positive attributes
The ascent of Ku98alin2 )akti from M3l1dh1ra CakraCakra (where it takes the form of K1l2)
K1l2
culminates in Sahasr1ra Cakra when takes the form of Durg1.
Durg1
Durg1 B2ja
vide Hr2%
Du% is also Durg1 B2ja (as per Varad1 Tantra)
Tantra
D3rv1
Kind of grass scientifically known as Panicum Dactylon or Agrostis Linearis
Meditation on D3rv1 grass gives specific benefits.
D3t2
Lit. 'female messenger'
)akti known also as )ivad3t2
Dvaita
Duality
vide also Advaita
Dvandva
A pair of opposites (e.g. cold and heat or happiness and sorrow); couple; face to face
Dvandva-s
Dvandva as pair of opposites could be overcome by steadiness in !sana.
!sana
Dv1para Yuga
An age of the world consisting of 864,000 years
vide Yuga
Dv1ra
Gate, passage; aperture of the human body
Dv1tri%0at Vidy1
54
D
The thirty-two Vidy1-s

Vidy1
Traditionally the thirty-two Vidy1
Vidy1-s
y1 are the followings: !k10a,
!k10a Ak=ar1k=ara,
Ak=ar1k=ara Ak=i,
Ak=i
!nandamaya, A^gu=7ham1tra,
!nandamaya A^gu=7ham1tra Antar1ditya,
Antar1ditya B1l1ki,
B1l1ki Bh4gu V1ru9i,
V1ru9i Bh3ma,
Bh3ma Dahara,
Dahara G1rgi
Ak=ara,
Ak=ara G1yatr2,
G1yatr2 @0a,
@0a Jyoti=1%jyotir,
Jyoti=1%jyotir Madhu,
Madhu Maitrey2,
Maitrey2 N1ciket1gni,
N1ciket1gni Pa6c1gni,
Pa6c1gni
Paramapuru=a,
Paramapuru=a Parya^ka,
Parya^ka Pr191gnihotra,
Pr191gnihotra Puru=a
Puru=a, Sad,
Sad Sa%varga,
Sa%varga )19dilya,
)19dilya Satyak1ma,
Satyak1ma
)r2man Ny1sa,
Ny1sa Udd1laka !ru9i,
!ru9i Udg2tha,
Udg2tha Upakosala,
Upakosala U=asta Kahola and Vai0v1nara.
Vai0v1nara
vide also Veda Vidy1
Dve=a (known also as Krodha)
Krodha
Lit. 'hatred"
Repulsion; hate; anger, aversion; one of the five Kle0a-s
Kle0a
vide also A^ku0a
A^ku0a, P101^ku0a,
P101^ku0a Vair1gya
55
E
Ek1gra
One-pointed state as one of the five Cittabh3mi-s
Cittabh3mi
Ek1grat1
Concentration on a single point (one-pointed), a state of doing only one action at a time
Ek1grat1 Pari91ma
Transformation of concentration as one of the three Pari91ma-s
Pari91ma
vide also Lak=ana Pari91ma
Ekatattv1bhy1sa
The practice of one principle only
Eloke02
The hair of goddess K1l2 as symbol of mysteries of life
56
G
G
Gaja Kara9i
A yogic technique of vomiting in order to purify the N182-s
N182
Gamana
The act of going or attaining
vide also Ana^gamadan1tur1
Ga9a Devat1
Class of deities
There is a wide range of Ga9a Devat1-s
Devat1 depending on the historical periods of India and kind of
literature.
vide also Devas3
Ga9apati
A name of Ga9e=a
Gandha
Smell
vide also Tanm1tra
Gandh1kar=i92
The attractive power of Gandha
G1ndh1r2 N182
The N182 connected to the left ankle
Cakra Sarvava0a^kar2
Gandharva
Being in the heavenly world expert in music
vide also Kail1sa
Gandhatattva
The Tattva of Gandha
Ga9e=a
The elephant-headed god, a son of )iva,
)iva a symbol of the primordial power, the starting point for the
human access to the divine by overcoming all obstacles
His vehicle is the mouse also a symbol of enduring and overcoming obstacles.
vide also Ga^g1,
Ga^g1 Devayoni
Ga^g1
Lit. 'that which goes with Ga%
57
The river Ganges

From its literal meaning Ga^g1 is the remover of obstacles as Ga% is the B2ja Mantra for
Ga9e=a
vide also Pray1ga, Trive92
G16j1
Indian hemp
G1rgi Ak=ara Vidy1
Vidy1
The G1rgi's
G1rgi knowledge about the Imperishable
Vidy1 named after G1rgi V1caknav2.
V1caknav2 This Vidy1 refers
to !k10a pervading all in the past, present and future beyond which is the imperishable Brahman.
G1rhapatya Agni
One of the three sacrificial fires, the one kept as perpetual fire by a householder
Traditionally a man received it from his father and has to be transmitted to his sons. In the human
body it is located in the navel area. Esoterically this fire is the level of consciousness attained in the
Ma9ip3ra Cakra.
Cakra
vide also Agni
Garim1
Lit. 'heaviness'
One of the eight yogic powers of becoming very heavy
vide also Siddhi,
Siddhi A=7asiddhi
Garu81sana
The eagle !sana
Gaur2
A spouse of )iva (Rudra
Rudra)
Rudra
A form of )akti.
)akti Her colour is white
vide also Dev2
Gauripa77a
A Yoni shaped pedestal upon which the )ivali^ga is placed as representing )akti as holder.
G1yatr2
Lit. 'way of going; song, hymn'
The most sacred Vedic Mantra of twenty-four syllables arranged as a triplet of eight syllables each
It is also called S1vitr2,
S1vitr2 being addressed to S1vit4 (the Sun), so G1yatr2 Mantra is also S1vitr2
Mantra. G1yatr2 Dev2 (the goddess G1yatr2)
Mantra G1yatr2 is the presiding deity of this Mantra.
Mantra
G1yatr2 Vidy1
The knowledge of G1yatr2
Vidy1 that is considered to be the most important because
it brings the knowledge of all the others by singing or uttering the G1yatr2 Mantra.
Mantra The knowledge
of this Vidy1 comes from Ch1ndogya and B4had1ra9yaka Upani=ad-s Upani=ad and other Vedic
58
G
literature. This Vidy1 deals also with the concepts of Devasu=i-s,

Devasu=i An1hata )abda,
)abda V1k,
V1k
Para%jyoti= and many others.
Gha7a Avasth1
A Yoga Avasth1 of a Yog2 after overcoming the Vi=9ugranthi
Ghatika
Unit of time of twenty-four minutes
One day consists of sixty Ghatika-s.
Ghatika
Ghr19a
Organ of smell, the nose
vide also J61nendriya
Ghr19atattva
The Tattva of Ghr19a
G2ta
Sacred song
G61na
vide J61na
Gomukh1sana
The cow-mouth !sana
Gop1la
Lit. 'cowherd'
A name of K4=9a
vide also Govinda
Gop2
Woman cowherd as companion of K4=9a in V4nd1vana
From mythological point of view they are female incarnations of $=i-s.
$=i
Gorak=1sana
The Gorak=a !sana
Govinda
Lit. 'chief herdsman'
A name of K4=9a derived from the word Go meaning cow
Graha
Graha
Lit. 'holding, seizing, acquiring'
A planet having a magic influence over the destinies of people
A Graha can also be called an evil spirit influencing the body and mind of somebody. As planets
they have a strong influence on the Cakra-s.
Cakra Traditionally there are nine planets (vide
Navagraha).
Navagraha
59
Graha9a
The knowledge acquired through senses
vide also Sam1patti
Grah2t4
The knower
vide also Sam1patti
Grah2t4 Graha9a Gr1hya
In Yoga S3tra-s
S3tra the triple merge of the one who knows, the knowledge, and the object of
knowledge
This is a parallel concepts to J61ta J61na J6eya of the )r2 Yantra.
Yantra Such a merge is possible only
when A6janat1 quality is acquired.
Gr1hya
The object of knowledge
vide also Sam1patti
Gr1ma Devat1
Village deity
Granthi
Psychic knot as stage of manifested consciousness
Along Su=umn1 N182 there are three knots viz. Brahmagranthi,
Brahmagranthi Vi=9ugranthi and
Rudragranthi.
Rudragranthi Each one is a door to a different level of consciousness. Each Granthi belongs to a
specific Kha98a (vide Agnikha98a,
Agnikha98a S3ryakha98a,
S3ryakha98a Candrakha98a
Candrakha98a),
a98a each Kha98a corresponds
to a K37a of Pa6cada01k=ar2 Mantra.
Mantra The force of M1y1 is very powerful in the knots. Pains and
various physical disorders often accompany Granthi-s’
Granthi piercing.
Gr1vastut
Lit. 'the one praising the Soma stones'
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Hot4 priest named after the hymn to the Soma stones
G4hastha
Householder
vide also !0rama
Gu9a
Quality, attribute, characteristic; a property of Prak4ti
The three Gu9a-s Trigu9a)
Trigu9a are Sattva,
Gu9a (Trigu9a Sattva R1jas and Tamas
vide also Ali^ga,
Ali^ga Gu9aparva
Gu9aparva
Gu9aparva
State of the Gu9a-s
Gu9a as stages of their manifestations
There are four Gu9aparva-s
Gu9aparva namely Vi0e0a,
Vi0e0a Avi0e0a,
Avi0e0a Li^gam1tra and Ali^ga.
Ali^ga
Gu9a Rahita !k10a
The first of the Vyoma Pa6caka-s
Pa6caka described as the space without attributes
60
G
Gupta
Lit. 'the hidden one'
A name of K4=9a
Gupt1sana
The hidden !sana
Guru
Lit. 'remover of darkness'
Spiritual teacher, preceptor; the planet Jupiter one of the Navagraha-s
Navagraha
As spiritual teacher, Guru helps the )i=ya (disciple) to contact and awaken the inner Guru (i.e. the
Self). As far as the Guru-)i=ya
Guru )i=ya relationship is concerned, Guru is basically the individual
projection of every )i=ya.
)i=ya
Guru Tattva
Essence of the concept of role of a Guru
Gy1na
vide J61na
61
H
H1kin2
The )akti residing in the !jn1 Cakra
Ha%sa
Lit. 'accord; harmony; swan'
The symbol for the Supreme Reality; one of the stages of Sanny1sa lifestyle
Ha%sa5
The Ajap1 Japa Mantra
It has two parts. The Ha% (representing )iva)
)iva is produced during inhalation and Sa5 (representing
)akti) is produced during the exhalation of the air.
)akti
H1na
The act of rejecting or abandoning
In Yoga,
Yoga H1na is the liberation of Puru=a from Prak4ti.
Prak4ti
vide also Ana^garekh1
Hanta
vide Dhenu
Hanum1n
The monkey devotee of R1ma renowned for his deep devotion, courage and strength
Hara
A name of )iva
Harac381ma9i
)iva's
)iva crest-gem, i.e. the moon
vide also Candra0ekhara
Hari
A name of Vi=9u or K4=9a
Hastijihv1 N182
The N182 connected to the right side of the body
Cakra Sarvasa%mohi92
Hastin2
vide Padmin2
H1sya
Humour as one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
Ha7ha Yoga
The physical Yoga having the goal to balance the solar influence (represented by Ha Mantra)
Mantra and
62
H
the lunar influence (represented by &ha Mantra)

Mantra in the human body
Havana
The offering to the Vedic sacrificial fire, known also as H1van
Havi
The object of oblation
vide also Hotr1 Arghya Havi
Hetu
Phala)
Phala
Cause of an experience as source of an effect (Phala
vide also V1san1
Him1laya
Lit. 'abode of snow'
Range of mountains bounding India on the north, home of many places of pilgrimage and spiritual
retreats
Himavat
Lit. 'snowy'
The Him1laya mountains; the king of Kail1sa
Hira9yagarbha
The golden womb
The womb from where the manifestation takes place is in the subtle body, but its seed is in the
causal body. The texts from Ved1nta describe Hira9yagarbha as being in the region of An1hata
Cakra
Hl1din2 )akti
The )akti of rejoice, exhilaration, joy and bliss
It is a name of R1dh1 dancing (as form of L2l1)
L2l1 to experience ecstasy.
Homa
The act of oblation or sacrifice
vide also !tm1rpa9a,
!tm1rpa9a Agnihoma
Agnihoma
Homaku98a (also known as Agniku98a)
Agniku98a
A hole in the ground where sacrificial fire is burnt for oblations
vide also Ku98a
Hotra
The act of oblation with fire
vide also Agnihotra
Hotr1
The sacrificer (performer of an oblation)
vide also Hotr1 Arghya Havi
Same as Hotra
63
Hotr1 Arghya Havi

The One who offers, the Offering, the Object of Offering
Agnihotra)
Agnihotra in Veda-s,
Referring to the act of oblation (Agnihotra Veda it has a parallel significance to J61ta
J61na J6eya in Tantra-s.
Tantra The object of Hotra (Agnihotra
Agnihotra)
Agnihotra is to realize the unity of Hotr1,
Hotr1
Arghya and Havi, thus acquiring knowledge of high degree,
Hot4
$tvija-s)
$tvija
One of the four Vedic priests ($tvija the one who chants the hymns of $g Veda while
performing oblation with fire
A Hot4 is assisted by three other helper priests, viz. Maitr1varu9a,
Maitr1varu9a Acch1v1ka and Gr1vastut.
Hotrin
vide Agnihotrin
H4d
Heart
H4daya
Heart; the heart as the seat of feelings
H4day1k10a
The space of the heart
H4day1k10a Dh1ra91
The Vedic practice of meditation on the space of the heart
For other Vedic practices vide Veda Vidy1.
H4d Dhauti
Cleaning the heart-throat area as one of the four Dhauti-s
Dhauti
There are three yogic techniques for cleaning the heart-throat area namely Da98a Dhauti,
Dhauti
Vamana Dhauti and V1sodhauti.
Hr2
Modesty as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Hr2%
The Tantric Mantra called H4llekh1
It is also known as )akti B2ja,
B2ja Durg1 B2ja,
B2ja Bhuvave0var2 B2ja,
B2ja M1y1 B2ja,
B2ja M3la B2ja.
H4llekh1
vide H42%
H3ti (from the root Hve i.e. to invoke)
A sacred rite of invocation and offering to the Divine within the human body
64
I
I
Icch1
Lit. 'desire, will'
The mental activity of wishing
Cakra Aru91
Icch1 )akti
The energy of will
Id1 N182
Known also as Candra N182 it is one of the major N182-s
N182 (in the human subtle body) running up
the left side of Su=umn1,
Su=umn1 the central channel
Cakra A0vini,
A0vini Sarvasampattip3ra92,
Sarvasampattip3ra92 Candra,
Candra Candra
N182
Ik=ukoda98a
The sugar-cane bow of K1ma
Known also as Dhanu=,
Dhanu= it denotes the mind.
Il1
In the Veda-s
Veda the Goddess Earth, daughter of Manu,
Manu a symbol of inspiration and love
Ilya
The tree in the Brahmaloka that is seen after passing the Viraj1 river and before the S1lajja city
The seeing of the tree enables the devotee to have a preliminary Gandha (smell as experience) of
the existence of Brahma and to overcome it eventually.
Indra
Lord of Light representing the archetypal of pure being as object of human knowledge
In the Veda-s
Veda Indra is called "the thunderbolt" as an expression of strength and vigour. He is the
divine warrior breaking all barriers, the transcendental experience of stepping from unconsciousness
to consciousness. Indra is equated with the concept of Puru=a in Yoga.
Yoga
vide also Svarloka,
Svarloka Parya^ka Vidy1,
Vidy1 !nandamaya Vidy1,
Vidy1 Agni S3rya Indra
Indra,
dra Indra Agni
Soma S3rya
Indra Agni Soma S3rya
The four Godhead of the Veda-s
Veda
The concept of Indra Agni Soma S3rya of the Veda-s
Veda is a parallel idea with that of Sat Cit
!nanda. Therefore Indra is the fundamental Reality (Sat
!nanda Sat),
Sat Agni the Consciousness (Cit Cit)
Cit and
Soma the state of Ecstasy or Bliss (!nanda
!nanda).
!nanda S3rya is the door-gate of access through knowledge
J61na)
J61na of the unity of Sat,
(J61na Sat Cit and !nanda.
!nanda
vide also !tman,
!tman Agni S3rya Indra
65
Indradhanu=
The rainbow
Indra Jye=7ha
Indra the leader of the heaven
One of the eight Devas3-s,
Devas3 an aspect of Indra,
Indra the most important of Devas3 Ga9a Devat1-s.
Devat1 .
Indriya
Manas)
Manas as source of lower consciousness of objects
Sense and action organs and the mind (Manas
experience
Indriya-s
Indriya consist of five J61nendriya-s,
J61nendriya five Karmendriya-s
Karmendriya and Manas.
Manas In Tantra their
stimulation brings the stimulation of Cakra-s
Cakra as the externalised practice of Praty1h1ra.
Praty1h1ra
vide also Asmit1,
Asmit1 Rudra,
Rudra Antarindriya
I^gitaj6a
The interpretation of the inner intention by external gestures of a person
vide also Lak=a9a
Lak=a9a Siddhi
@0a Vidy1
The knowledge of God
A Veda Vidy1, one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s.
Vidy1 It refers to Sagu9a Brahman as a subject of
knowledge, but to Nirgu9a Brahman as the subject of Self-realization only (ref. @01v1sya
Upani=ad).
Upani=ad
@01na
An old name of )iva;
)iva the sun as a form of )iva
@0itva
Lit. 'superiority'
One of the eight yogic powers that of being above others
vide also Siddhi, A=7asiddhi
I=7a Devat1
The chosen deity of an aspirant as the expression of the supreme reality to be followed or
worshipped in various forms
I=7ihan (from I=7i i.e. impulse)
Overcoming a specific place and time in the Brahmaloka thus enabling the devotee not to destroy
the sacrifice of crossing the lakes !ra and Nya
Pa6c1gni-s).
Pa6c1gni
It helps also to rise above the five internal fires (Pa6c1gni
@0vara (from the root @0 i.e. to rule)
Lit. 'lord'
The Supreme Puru=a as non-manifested state; a name of )iva as patron of Yogi-s;
Yogi God in Yoga
@0vara is also the Devat1 of V1yu Bh3ta.
Bh3ta
vide also Parabrahman
Parabrahman,
man Asat,
Asat Avyakta,
Avyakta Nir1k1ra,
Nir1k1ra Sagu9a Brahman
66
I
@0varapra9idh1na
Devotion to God as one of the five Niyama-s
Niyama
@0varapra9idh1naprati=7h1
A state in which @0varapra9idh1na is experienced
A Yog2 possessing this state will be able to experience the ecstasy accompanying the surrender to
the Divine.
@0varatattva
The Tattva of J61na )akti (the energy of knowledge)
vide also @=vara
Itarali^ga
Lit. 'identification with this and that'
The experience of the similar nature of J2v1tman and !tman taken by )iva in !j61 Cakra as
advanced form of awareness
vide also )ivali^ga
67
J
J1gar2
The name of J2va in the J1grat state
Jagat
The ever-changing universe as phenomenal world
J1grat
The Avasth1 of waking associated with a specific V4tti (vide J1grat V4tti)
V4tti
In this state the J2va
J2va consciousness is in the gross body (Sthula
Sthula )ar2ra)
)ar2ra and the perception is
through the senses and mind.
J1gratsvapna
J1grat) Svapna)
J1grat and dreaming (Svapna
An intermediate state between waking (J1grat Svapna
J1grat V4tti
The condition of the waking state associated in the mind with the Alpha brain waves
vide also Avasth1,
Avasth1 V4tti
Jala
Water
vide also Ap
Jala Basti
The Basti with water as one of the two Basti-s
Basti
J1landhara Bandha
Lit. 'water pipe lock'
The ‘vital centre’ Bandha as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
J1landhara
J1landhara P27ha
vide Sarvasiddhiprada Cakra
In the S3k=ma )ar2ra it is equated with Vi0uddhi Cakra
vide also P27ha,
P27ha Catu=p27ha
Janarloka
The Loka of rebirth inhabited by Brahm1-s
Brahm1 son Sanatkum1ra
Janma Cakra
The wheel of life (from Janma meaning birth)
Janmar10i
Janmar10i
Zodiacal sign
Janmasiddha
68
J
A perfect being by birth

Janmayoga
Horoscope
J1nujugm1sana
Lit. 'posture of the joined knees'
vide Tantr1sana
Japa
Repetition of a Mantra
vide also !tm1rpa9a
Japa Anu=7h1na
The Anu=7h1na related to Japa
Japam1l1
The rosary used for counting of Mantra-s
Mantra
Ja71yu
The vulture king
J17har1gni
The digestive fire as form of Agni
The ten J17har1gni-s
J17har1gni are: Recaka,
Recaka Pacaka,
Pacaka )o=aka,
)o=aka D1haka,
D1haka Pl1vaka,
Pl1vaka K=1raka,
K=1raka Udg1raka,
Udg1raka
K=obhaka, J4mbhaka and Mohaka.
K=obhaka
vide also Sarvarak=1kara Cakra
J1tu Janus Janim1
Janim1
In the Veda-s
Veda birth, being, nature
J1tyantara Pari91ma
Fundamental transformation of the mind equivalent to rebirth brought by Prak4ty1p3r1t
In practical terms it represents the awakening of potentialities of the mind.
Jayin2
The fulfilled One
V1gdev2 corresponding to the mental quality of Sattva (equilibrium).
Jihva
Organ of taste, the tongue
Jihv1 )odhana
Cleaning the root of the tongue as one of the Danta Dhauti-s
Dhauti
Jihvatattva
The Tattva
Tattva of Jihva
Jij61su
69
Lit. 'desirous of knowing'

A kind of spiritual initiation as Sanny1sa lifestyle in a preliminary stage
J2va
vide J2v1tman
J2vanmukta
Mukti)
Mukti and whose consciousness is not touched by Prak4ti,
A person who attained liberation (Mukti Prak4ti but
still acts in the world of Prak4ti
A J2vanmukta has a simultaneous perception of Prak4ti and the state of Mukti thus becoming
integrated into the pure consciousness.
vide also Marut
J2vanmukti
The state of a J2vanmukta
J2v1tm1
vide J2v1tman
J2v1tman
The individual Soul
vide also Param1tman,
Param1tman Advaita
Known also as J2v1tm1,
J2v1tm1 J2va,
J2va the individual Soul becomes )1r2ra,
)1r2ra Tejasa or Pr1j6a depending
in which kind of )ar2ra (body) dwells, respectively Sth3la,
Sth3la S3k=ma or K1ra9a.
K1ra9a
J61na (from the root J61 i.e. to know)
Knowledge, perception as one of the eight Bh1va-s
Bh1va
J61na extends from sense perception to the perception of !tman as full absorption. Synonyms for
J61na are Vidy1,
Vidy1 Praj61.
Praj61 The real J61na is that knowledge, which gives liberation; any other
knowledge is called Vij61na.
Vij61na
vide also Savitark1 Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi Aj61na,
Aj61na J61ta J61na J6eya
J61na Anu=7h1na
The Anu=7h1na related to J61na-s
J61na (as spiritual studies)
J61na Cak=u
The third eye i.e. !j61 Cakra
J61na Mudr1
A hand Mudr1 practice in order to acquire knowledge and wisdom
J61na Netra
Netra
The eye of knowledge i.e. !j61 Cakra
J61na )akti
The energy of wisdom or knowledge
J61na Yoga
The Yoga of knowledge or wisdom
J61nayogavyavasthiti
70
J
Steadfastness in knowledge of Yoga as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s

Daiv2sampat
J61nendriya
Organ of perception in the human body
There are five J61nendriya-s
J61nendriya namely )rotra (ears), Tvak (skin), Netra or Cak=u (eyes), Jihva
(tongue), Ghr19a (nose) produced from the Rajas Gu9a of Prak4ti and are parts of the thirty-six
Tattva-s.
Tattva
J61nin
One following the J61na path
J61t1
J61t1
vide J61ta J61na J6eya
J61t1 J61na J6eya
The One who knows, the Knowledge, the Object of Knowledge
The illusory triad of the Self, which has to merge at the stage when the Self is fully realized.
vide also )r2 Yantra,
Yantra Sam1patti
J6eya
vide J61ta J61na J6eya
J6eya
J4mbhaka
The J17har1gni of intake of breath (energy)
vide also Sarvarak=1svar3pi92
Jv1l1m1lin2
Lit. 'flame-garlanded'
)akti
It bestows esoteric knowledge of one's previous births. Jv1l1m1l1 means garland of fire.
Jye=7ha
The month corresponding to parts of May/ June
vide also M1sa
Jyoti
Lit. 'light'
The inner light as the cause of An1hata )abda;
)abda any spiritual light experience
Jyotirdhy1na
The causal form of meditation
Jyotirli^ga
The form taken by )iva in Sahasr1ra Cakra as experience of Jyoti or the highest form of
awareness
As an external expression there are twelve enlightened shrines of )iva in India.
vide also )ivali^ga
Jyoti=1mjyotir Vidy1
71
The knowledge of the light of lights

A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 as related to Janaka by $=i Y1j6avalkya.
Y1j6avalkya It
describes the light of lights i.e. !tm1, H4daya).
!tm1 the Soul as seated in the heart (H4daya
H4daya
Jyoti=mat2
Lit. 'shining, luminous'
Condition of the mind experiencing Jyoti (associated with Sattva Gu9a)
Gu9a through which Vi0ok1 is
obtained
Typical methods are practices of H4day1k10a Dh1ra91,
Dh1ra91 N1da Dh1ra91,
Dh1ra91 )1%bhav2 Mudr1.
Mudr1
Jyoti=mat2 Prav4tti
!loka)
!loka
The mind faculty that is able to experience the light (!loka
This faculty enables the acquisition of many Siddhi-s.
Siddhi
72
K
K
Kadamba
The tree Nauclea Cadamba whose fragrant blossoms of orange colour are used in worship
particularly of Dev2's
Dev2
K1di
The first of all )r2 Vidy1 Mantra
Kail1sa
Mythical mountains in Him1laya-s
Him1laya
Mountains frequented by Siddha-s
Siddha and Gandharva-s,
Gandharva the paradise of )iva. )iva Here is where
P1rvat2,
P1rvat2 )iva's
)iva spouse, the daughter of the Mountain King was born. These mountains are also
)iva K=etra,
K=etra where there are the three great shrines of Gangotri (the source of the Ganges),
Kedarnath (a Ma7h and temple of Sad10iva
Sad10iva)
iva and Badrinath (a temple of an incarnation of Lord
Vi=9u).
Vi=9u It is the place of Satsa^ga of Lord )iva for $=i-s
$=i and Muni-s,
Muni a place of great beauty, the
fabulous residence of Kubera built of Cint1ma9i and surrounded by Kadamba trees. The mystic
mount is to be sought in the Sahasr1ra Cakra in the body of every J2va.
J2va
Kail1sav1sin
Lit. 'the one dwelling on the mount Kail1sa'
A name of )iva
Kai%karya
vide D1sya
Kaivalya (from the word Kevala,
Kevala vide)
The state of absolute unity of spirit as a culmination of supreme knowledge and absence of Avidy1
As a process of unfolding the pure consciousness, Kaivalya is defined as the Pratiprasava
(involution) of the three Gu9a-s
Gu9a when they acquire an undisturbed condition, so being able to fulfil
the Puru=1rtha-s.
Puru=1rtha
Kaivalya Mukti
The liberation of absolute unity
Kaivalyapr1gbh1ram
Lit. 'tendency towards absolute unity'
Citta)
Citta attraction towards the unity experienced by a practitioner in the final
The process of mind's (Citta
stages of own S1dhana
K1ki Mudr1
Lit. 'gesture of the crow'
The crow Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
K1kin2
The )akti residing in An1hata Cakra
Kal1
73
A small part of a whole; an atom, an essential part of matter

K1la
Lit. 'of a dark colour'
Time; death
Kal1 Ka6cuka
Form of )akti limiting the perception of the real nature of matter as being one with the primordial
unity of )iva )akti
vide also Tattva,
Tattva Kal1tattva
K1la Ka6cuka
Form of )akti limiting the perception of time integrated with space being one with the primordial
unity of )iva )akti
vide also Tattva,
Tattva K1latattva
Kal1tattva
The Tattva of Kal1 Ka6cuka
K1latattva
The Tattva of K1la Ka6cuka
K1l2 (word derived from K1la,
K1la vide)
Lit. 'the dark one'
The divine Mother as the consort of )iva
K1l2 as the first Mah1vidy1 is the )akti of K1la and the original creative principle. As a goddess
she transforms herself into the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 as expressions of planes of existence and cycles of
life. K1l2 is also the first expression of the awakened Ku98alin2 as destroyer of ignorance.
K1lid1da
Lit. 'servant of K1l2'
A celebrated poet of ancient India author of )akuntal1,
)akuntal1 and other works.
K1liya
The serpent-demon who was defeated by K4=9a as expression of victory over lust
Kali Yuga
An age of the world consisting of 432,000 years
It is held that this Yuga began year 3102 (or 3114) BCE, being the age in which we live in.
Kalki
The tenth incarnation of Vi=9u,
Vi=9u yet to come
Kalpa
Resolve; a fabulous period of time
Kalpataru
The wish-fulfilling tree
A Kalpataru day is considered to be the first of January every year. As per )1rad1
)1rad1 Tilaka work,
Kalpataru is the awakened Ku98alin2,
Ku98alin2 the source of all things desired.
74
K
K1ma
Desire, the passion associated with Sv1dhi=7h1na Cakra
One of the names of K1madeva as one who generates desire for love. In the $g Veda,
Veda K1ma is
described as the first movement of creation.
vide also Puru=1rtha,
Puru=1rtha Pa6c1gni
K1m1^ga
The mango tree Magnifera Indica
K1mab19a
An arrow of K1madeva
K1ma B2ja
vide Kl2%
K1mabindu
Lit. 'wish drop'
A drop of melted butter into the sacred fire in order to obtain the fulfilment of a wish
K1madeva
The God of Love
He can assume any form at will. His other names are Madan1,
Madan1 Manmatha,
Manmatha K1ma,
K1ma Smara,
Smara M1ra,
M1ra
Pradyumna,
Pradyumna Ana^ga,
Ana^ga Kusume=u,
Kusume=u Kandarpa,
Kandarpa Manobhava,
Manobhava Kamar1ja,
Kamar1ja etc., all as expressions
of love, attachment and desires. His two wives are Rati and Pr2ti as sentiment and joy. His B2ja
Mantra is Kl2%. K1madeva is the son of Brahm1,
Brahm1 the Creator as K1ma (desire) comes always as
part of the creation, but even exists without an object of desire (vide Ana^ga,
Ana^ga K1ma).
K1ma His emblem
is the Makara,
Makara hence the name Makaraketana (the one having the Makara for an emblem).
K1madhenu
The cow of plenty, the mythical cow of Vasi=7ha
As per )1rad1 Tilaka,
Tilaka K1madhenu is the awakened Ku98alin2.
Ku98alin2
K1makal1
K1ma signifies the union of )iva and )akti as K1me0vara and K1me0var2,
K1me0var2 Kal1 is their
manifestation
K1m1kar=i92
The attractive power of K1ma
K1m1k=y1
Temple in K1mar3pa (Assam-India) where Sati's
Sati Yoni fell to ground
It is a Tantric centre of great power.
Kamal1
The tenth of the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 represents the state of reconstituted unity when everything is joy,
happiness and good fortune
Kamal1 is also one of Goddess Lak=m2's
Lak=m2 names. Dev2 is also named Kamal1 as she is in every
)akti.
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K1mar1ja
Lit. 'king of desire'
One of the names of K1madeva as king of desires
vide also K1ma
K1mar1jak37a
One group (section) of Pa6cada02 Mantra known also as Madhyak37a
It is presided over by S3rya
K1mar3pa
Lit. 'shape assumed at will; the Yoni'
An old region corresponding to the actual east part of Bengal and west part of Assam in India where
the famous temple K1m1k=y1 is located
K1mar3pa P27ha
vide also P27ha,
P27ha Catu=p27ha
In the S3k=ma )ar2ra it is equated with Sv1dhi=7h1na Cakra.
Cakra It is also a Yonip27ha.
K1ma0ara
Lit. 'love's shaft'
An arrow of K1madeva
K1me02
The passionate One
V1gdev2 corresponding to the mental activity of U=na.
U=na
K1me0vara
Lit. 'the king of love'
A name of )iva without attributes
vide also K1makal1
K1me0var2
Lit. 'the queen of love'
Devat1 presiding over the principle of existence of Avyakta
K1me0var2 is also a name for the Supreme )akti (vide K1makal1,
K1makal1 K1me0var2 Nity1).
Nity1
K1me0var2 Nity1
The eternal K1me0var2,
K1me0var2 a name for the Supreme )akti
K1min2k16cana
Lust and gold as expressions of desire and greed
K1myahoma
Homa with the purpose of attainment of one's desires
76
K
Ka6cuka
Lit. 'cover, disguise'
Limitation
Forms of )akti in which the primordial unity is obscured by M1y1 )akti so the inner perfection of
Cit !nanda as )iva )akti union is limited. There are five Ka6cuka-s
Ka6cuka (part of the thirty-six
Tattva-s),
Tattva viz. Kal1,
Kal1 Vidy1,
Vidy1 R1ga,
R1ga K1la and Niyati.
Niyati
Kandarpa
Lit. 'inflamer even of a god'
One of K1madeva‘s
K1madeva names, as the one inflaming love
Kap1labh1ti
Lit. 'shinning skull'
One of the +a7karma-s
+a7karma used to destroy the disorders caused by Kapha (phlegm)
It is of three kinds namely V1makrama,
V1makrama Vyutkrama and )2tkrama.
)2tkrama
Kap1larandhra Dhauti
Cleaning of the frontal sinuses as one of the Danta Dhauti-s
Dhauti
Kapha
One of the three Do=a-s
Do=a
In the !yurveda system, Kapha is a deficiency of phlegm as a cause to diseases.
K1ra9a
Cause, origin
K1ra9a Bindu
The causal source, which proceeds the K1rya Bindu
K1ra9a R3pa
Causal form
vide also R3pa
K1ra9a
K1ra9a )ar2ra
The causal body (composed of Sa%sk1ra-s) Sa%s1ra)
Sa%sk1ra as vehicle of transmigration (Sa%s1ra
Sa%s1ra
Its centre is the heart. This )ar2ra is the cause of all other lower bodies.
Karav2ra
The plant oleander (Nerium Odorum) or its flower; a species of Soma used in worship
K1rik1
A verse of an essential statement usually applied in grammar and philosophy
Karma (from the root K4 i.e. to accomplish)
Action and its accumulations
The accumulated Karma is of three kinds, viz. )ukla Karma,
Karma K4=9a Karma and A0ukl1k4=9a
Karma-s)
Karma producing fruits according to own nature. The actions (Karma
Karma are accompanied by
Pari91ma,
Pari91ma T1pa and Sa%sk1ra.
Sa%sk1ra As degree of finesse Karma is of two kinds, i.e. Sth3la and
S3k=ma.
S3k=ma Karma accumulates only when there is a sense of doing something. From the point of
77
view of timely effect, Karma is of two kinds, viz. Sopakrama and Nirupakrama.
Nirupakrama
vide also Karm10aya,
Karm10aya Sa%sk1ra
Karma Deva
A god created by own actions as compared to a !j1naya Deva (god by birth)
Karma Sanny1sa
One of the preliminary stages of Sanny1sa lifestyle when the Sanny1sin although living in the
world is committed to spiritual life
Karma Sanny1sa is also a kind of initiation of yogic type.
vide also Dik=a
Karm10aya
Repository of acts as Karma-s
Karma of various natures, the store of the traces of past Karma-s
Karma
accumulated in the forms of Sa%sk1ra-s
Sa%sk1ra
Karma Yoga
The Yoga of action
vide also Pari0rama
Karmendriya
Organ of action in the human body
Karmendriya-s namely V1k (mouth), Upastha (genitals), P1yu (anus), P192
There are five Karmendriya
(hands), P1da (feet) produced from the Rajas Gu9a of Prak4ti and are parts of the thirty-six
Tattva-s.
Tattva
vide also Vikara9a Bh1va
Kar9a Dhauti
Cleaning of the ear opening as one of the Danta Dhauti-s
Dhauti
Karobari
The caretaker of a spiritual institution
Kartar2
A two-syllables Mantra
K1rtika
The month corresponding to parts of Oct./ Nov.
vide also M1sa
K1rttikeya
The god of war, son of )iva and P1rvat2
Karu91
The sentiment of compassion; compassion as one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
Karu91 is also one of the Citta Pras1dana-s
Pras1dana as an attitude towards unhappy people.
vide also Maitry1di
K1rya
78
K
Effect; action
vide also K1ra9a,
K1ra9a Satk1ryav1da
K1rya Bindu
The effect source, which follows the K1ra9a Bindu
Ka=1ya
Rasa-s)
Rasa
Astringent as one of the essential tastes (Rasa
Ka7uka
Rasa-s)
Rasa
Pungent as one of the essential tastes (Rasa
Kaula
The essence common to both )iva and )akti
Kaula Dharma and Kaulika Dharma are synonyms. In the Tantra-s
Tantra Kula means )akti,
)akti Akula
means )iva and the union between Kula and Akula is called Kaula.
Kaula The path of Su=umn1 is also
named Kula,
Kula as Dev2's
Dev2 names are Kulayogin2 and Kaulin2.
Kaulin2 Traditionally there are eight kinds of
women attending on Kaula worship.
Kaulam1rga
The Kaula path
Kaulika
vide Kaula
Kaulin2
The essential (basic) One
V1gdev2 corresponding to the mental quality of Tamas.
Tamas
Cakra Kaula
Kaumud2
Lit. 'moonlight'
The day of full-moon in the month of K1rtika when the festival in honour of K1rttikeya is held
Kaumud2 is also personified as goddess, the wife of Candra.
Candra
Kaumud2c1ra
The day of full-moon in the month of !0vina
Kavitva
The literary ability
vide also P198itya
K1vya
Poem; charming
K1ya
Body
K1y1gni
The fire of the body as digestive fire
79
K1yar3pa
Form of the body
Performing Sa%yama on K1yar3pa and suspending the reception of the light in the eyes will
enable the Yog2 to become invisible.
K1ya Sampad
Bodily perfection
In Ha7ha Yoga the marks of bodily perfection are four viz. R3pa,
R3pa L1va9ya,
L1va9ya Bala and
Vajsa%hananatv1ni (vide Yoga S3tra-s
S3tra III.46).
K1ya Sthairya
Steadiness of the body
K1yika
Kind of worship "by body" of the Dev2
vide also Y1ga
Ke0ava
Lit. 'having long or handsome hair'
A name of K4=9a
Ke0ava assumes various forms in different Yuga-s.
Yuga
Ketu
The descending node in astronomy and astrology, one of the Navagraha-s
Navagraha
Kevala
Lit. 'entirely, wholly'
The state of highest possible knowledge
Kevala Kumbhaka
Spontaneous Kumbhaka as a result of full awakening of Ku98alin2
vide also Sahita Kumbhaka
Keval2
Lit. 'causing absorption'
Pr191y1ma
Kha8ga Siddhi
The power of breaking through
vide also Siddhi
Khajuraho
Lit. 'agitated chest'
The famous Tantric temples
Kha98a
Lit. 'part, chapter, group, section of a work'
Division
80
K
Khecar2
The flying One
Khecari Mudr1
The Mudr1 of flying as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
Khy1ti
Awareness
vide also Vivekakhy1ti
K2rtana
One of the A^ga-s
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga as the devotional act of singing songs for the Divine
K2rti
Fame
Kle0a
Affliction, suffering
In Yoga the five afflictions binding down the human being are Avidy1
Avidy1, Asmit1,
Asmit1 R1ga,
R1ga Dve=a,
Dve=a
Abhinive0a. From Avidy1,
Abhinive0a Avidy1 Asmit1 will appear, from Asmit1,
Asmit1 R1ga,
R1ga from R1ga,
R1ga Dve=a,
Dve=a from
Dve=a,
Dve=a Abhinive0a.
Abhinive0a Kle0a-s
Kle0a can be eliminated mainly by living into an !0rama and coming back
to society after a while.
vide also Du5kha
Kl2%
K1ma B2ja
A B2ja for K1madeva and K4=9a.
K4=9a
Kon1rak
Lit. 'corner of the time-wheel'
The famous Tantric temple in Orissa (India)
Ko0a
Lit. 'sheath; body'
Sphere of consciousness
There are five Ko0a-s
Ko0a viz. Annamaya,
Annamaya Pr19amaya,
Pr19amaya Manomaya,
Manomaya Vij61namaya and
!nandamaya as an integral part of the three )ar2ra-s.
)ar2ra
vide also Vik=epasahabh3
Krama
Lit. 'proceeding, going towards; progressing step by step; method'
Sequence, order
Kratu
Name of a $=i;
$=i capacity; will
vide also Sapta4=i
Kriy1 )akti
The energy of action
81
Kriy1 Yoga
The practical Yoga
K4kara
The V1yu producing the function of hunger
Cakra Sarvavighaniv1ri92
Krodha
Anger as one of the seven Varjana-s
Varjana
Krodha,
Krodha known also as Dve=a is the passion associated with Ma9ip3ra Cakra.
Cakra
vide also Pa6c1gni,
Pa6c1gni A^ku0a
K4p1
Mercy
K4p1 Ka71k=a
A side look (glance) full of grace as Dev2's
Dev2 kind of look
K4p1s1gara
Lit. 'the one who is an ocean of mercy'
A name of K4=9a
K4=9a
Lit. 'dark-blue; the one who attracts'
Avat1ra)
Avat1ra of Vi=9u
An incarnation (Avat1ra
K4=9a Karma
The bad (dark) Karma as one of the three accumulated Karma-s
Karma
K4ta Yuga
vide Satya Yuga,
Yuga Yuga
K4ti
The quality of being active
vide also Bh3ma Vidy1
K=am1
Forgiveness as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
vide also Ak=am1
K=1raka
The J17har1gni of bile secreting
vide also Sarv1dh1rasvar3pi92
K=atriya
One of the four Var9a-s
Var9a in the Vedic tradition consisting of military and administrative people
K=etra
Field
82
K
vide also Kuruk=etra

K=ipta
Uncontrolled state as one of the five Cittabh3mi-s
Cittabh3mi
K=2ra V4k=a
Fig-tree
K=obhaka
The J17har1gni of churning of the food
vide also Sarv1nandamay2
K=udra Brahm198a
Lit. 'little universe'
The human body as Microcosm
About the human body as a Microcosm the work Vi0vas1ra Tantra says: "What is here is
elsewhere, what is not here is nowhere". As such there is a fundamental parallel concept between
K=udra Brahm198a or Pi98198a)
Microcosm (K=udra Brahm198a).
Pi98198a and Macrocosm (Brahm198a
Brahm198a
vide also )iva )akti,
)akti Pi98198a,
Pi98198a Brahm198a
Kubera
The god of wealth known also as Kuvera
vide also Kail1sa
Kuh3
The new moon personified
Kuh3 N182
The N182 connected to the right side of forehead
Cakra Sarvavidr1vi92
Kuja
The planet Mars, one of the Navagraha-s
Navagraha
Kukku71sana
The cock !sana
Kula
vide Kaula
Kulaku98a
The place where Ku98alin2 sleeps in M3l1dh1ra
M3l1dh1ra Cakra
Kul1m4ta
The nectar flowing from Sahasr1ra Cakra
Kulasundar2
)akti
Kum1r2 P3j1
Worship of virgin in the Tantric tradition
83
Men do the worship. A girl in her eighth year is called Gaur2.

Kumbhaka
Controlled retention of breath as one of the three states of Pr191y1ma
As a rite Kumbhaka is the inner Agnihotra.
Ku98a
Lit. 'pit, round hole in the ground where fire is burnt; coiled; circular'
The place in the human body where the sexual glands are situated; a special hole used in the
Agni)
Agni
ceremonial rite of sacrificing to the fire (Agni
Ku98alin2
Lit. 'that which is coiled'
The evolutionary energy as power/ force resting at the base of the spinal column where is described
as being coiled three and a half times around Svayambh3 Li^ga
When Ku98alin2 is raised up through the Su=umn1 N182 the higher levels of consciousness are
experienced while the Cakra-s
Cakra are activated until Ku98alin2 reaches Sahasr1ra Cakra that is the
end of its journey. Ku98alin2 is the aspect of K1ra9a Bindu in the human body.
vide also Kevala Kumbhaka,
Kumbhaka Ku98a
Ku98alin2 )akti
The Serpent Power; the transformative energy of creation
It has three forms namely Adha50akti,
Adha50akti Madhya0akti and #rdhva0akti.
#rdhva0akti When Ku98alin2 )akti
has passed through all the seven Cakra-s
Cakra the consciousness of the Yog2 becomes uninterrupted
between the lowest and the highest centres.
Ku98alin2 Yoga
The Yoga of Ku98alin2 known also as Laya Yoga
K3rma
Lit. 'tortoise'
The V1yu producing the function of closing and opening of eyelids
K3rma is also one of Vi=9u
Vi=9u's incarnations, the representation of the axis mundi, the centre of
stability around which everything evolves.
Cakra Sarvam4tyupra0ama92
K3rm1sana
The tortoise !sana
Kuruk=etra
Lit. 'field of the Kuru-s'
The battlefield described in the Bhagavad G2t1 as symbol of the inner battlefield within the
human body
Kurukull1
A name of India and its people personified as goddess
Her Vidy1 is called Trikha9d1
vide also V1r1h2
84
K
Ku0a
Grass scientifically known as Poa Cynosuroides used in certain sacred ceremonies and for
meditation in Yoga
Kusuma
Flower; menstrual discharge
vide also Ana^gakusuk1
Kusume=u
Lit. 'arrow of flower'
One of the names of K1madeva as one whose love arrows are flowers
vide also Kusuma
Ku7icaka
Lit. 'happy in the hut'
One of the preliminary stages of Sanny1sa lifestyle when the Sanny1sin starts to live in an
!0rama
Ku72r
Cottage, hut as a retreat for a Sanny1sin
85
L
Laghim1
Lit. 'lightness'
One of the eight yogic powers the one allowing somebody to become very light; lightness as a
result of practicing Pr191y1ma
vide also Siddhi,
Siddhi A=7asiddhi
Laghu
Short
Lajj1
Modesty; shame; bashfulness
L1kin2
The )akti residing in the Ma9ip3ra Cakra
Lak=a9a
Lit. 'expressing indirectly, indicating; symbol, sign'
Characteristic, attribute, mark; a kind of )1stra;
)1stra expression of a condition
Lak=a9a Pari91ma
Citta)
Transformation of quality of the mind (Citta Pari91ma as a result of
Sa%yama
Lak=a9a Siddhi
The power to have a correct interpretation of nature’s warnings of past, present and future events
This ability makes possible to have accurate predictions.
vide also )akuna Tantra,
Tantra Siddhi
Lak=ma9a
The brother of R1ma renowned for his devotion to R1ma;
R1ma a famous Tantric temple at Khajuraho
(India)
Lak=m2
Goddess of prosperity, spouse of Lord Vi=9u known also as Kamal1,
Kamal1 Ram1
Lak=m2 B2ja
vide )r2%
Lak=ya
Aim, goal
Lalan1 Cakra
A minor Cakra located to the back wall of the pharynx serving to store the Am4ta falling from
Bindu prior to the release to Vi0uddha Cakra
86
L
Lalit1
Lit. 'she who plays; she who is charming, lovely, desired'
A special name of Dev2, the great Goddess, the great )akti
Her play is world-play. The word Lalit1 has the meanings of eight human qualities namely
brilliancy, manifestation, tenderness, depth, concentration, energy, grace and compassion. She is the
deity of )r2 Vidy1,
Vidy1 the supreme Kame0var2 at the centre of )r2 Yantra. Yantra According to Padma
Pur19a,
Pur19a Lalit1 is the deity worshipped at Pray1ga. The Goddess Lalit1 has many names, the most
famous group being Lalit1 Sahasran1ma Stotra.Stotra
Lalit1 Sahasran1ma Stotra
The most relevant reference book in the )akti tradition
Lat1
Creeper; slender body; woman partner
Lat1 S1dhana
A Tantric practice of a female with a male
Esoterically is the expression of Dev2 Ku98alin2 encircling the Svayambh3 Li^ga like a creeper
Lat1)
Lat1 in M3l1dh1ra Cakra.
(Lat1 Cakra
Laulik2
vide Neti
Lava9a
Rasa-s)
Rasa
Salt, one of the essential tastes (Rasa
L1va9ya
Beauty as one of the four K1ya Sampad-s
Sampad
Laya
Lit. 'absorption, dissolution'
The process in which a product dissolves or is absorbed into that from which has originated.
vide also Niv4tti
Layakrama
Lit. 'going towards absorption'
The process of absorption as opposed to S4=7ikrama
Practically any act of Yoga is a Layakrama act. In the )r2 Yantra
Yantra the action of absorption have
the direction from Trailokyamohana to Bindu. Practically any act of Yoga is a Layakrama act.
Laya Siddhi Yoga
Kind of Yoga by practicing with Yoni Mudr1
Laya Siddhi Yoga Sam1dhi
The Sam1dhi as a result of Laya Siddhi Yoga practice
Laya Yoga
The Yoga of dissolution known also as Ku98alin2 Yoga,
Yoga a combination of Karma and J61na
Yoga-s
Yoga
87
The final absorption into Ku98alin2 means becoming one with the J61na )akti.
)akti
L2l1
Divine play producing the universe
vide also Lalit1
Li^ga
Lit. 'emblem; sign; form in disguise'
A mark of identification; the transmigrating soul
Li^gam1tra
Lit. 'with mark'
Gu9aparva in which !nanda Sam1dhi is experienced
Li^ga Mudr1
The gesture of the Li^ga form generating heat in the body
Li^ga )ar2ra
)ar2ra
The subtle body, same as S3k=ma )ar2ra
Lobha
Greed, the passion associated with M3l1dh1ra Cakra
vide also Pa6c1gni
Loka
Lit. 'plane; world; region'
Degree of space access and level of awareness
Traditionally there are fourteen Loka-s,
Loka seven above (and including) the Bh3rloka and seven
below. The above earth worlds are Bh3rloka,
Bh3rloka Bhuvarloka,
Bhuvarloka Svarloka,
Svarloka Maharloka,
Maharloka Janarloka,
Janarloka
Taparloka and Satyaloka (or Brahmaloka).
Brahmaloka The below regions are Atalaloka,
Atalaloka Vitalaloka,
Vitalaloka
Sutalaloka,
Sutalaloka Ras1talaloka,
Ras1talaloka Tal1talaloka,
Tal1talaloka Mah1talaloka
Mah1talaloka and P1t1laloka.
P1t1laloka There is a
correspondence between Loka-s
Loka and Cakra-s
Cakra as expressing various levels of awareness
(consciousness).
88
M
M
Mada
Pride, arrogance, the passion associated with Vi0uddha Cakra
vide also Pa6c1gni
Madan1
Lit. 'love, passion; the season of spring; intoxication'
One of the names of K1madeva as one who intoxicates with love
vide also Ana^gamadan1
Madan1tur1
Lit. 'love-sick'
vide Ana^gamadan1tur1
Madhu
Lit. 'sweet, delightful; honey'
The season of spring; a name of )iva
Madhubh3mika
Madhubh3mika
A Yog2 who can experience his Siddhi-s
Siddhi in the world of Prak4ti
Madhura
Rasa-s)
Rasa
Sweet, one of the essential tastes (Rasa
M1dhurya
Loveliness, sweetness; deep affection; one of the Bh1va-s
Bh1va of Bhakti Yoga,
Yoga also one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
Madhu Vidy1
The knowledge of the honey
Vidy1 having the central point the sun and its
manifestations as Madhu (honey) of all the gods and their manifestations. The universe is
compared to the honeycomb similar to the honeycomb of the human body.
Madhya
Middle
Madhyak37a
vide K1mar1jak37a
Madhyam1
The audible (whispering) stage of )abda
Madhya Marga
vide Su=umn1
89
Madhya0akti
The middle one of the Ku98akin2 )akti-s
)akti
Madhya T2vrasa%vega
Medium intensity of eagerness as one of the three T2vrasa%vega-s
T2vrasa%vega
Madya
vide Pa6ca Mak1ra
M1gha
The month corresponding to parts of Jan./ Feb.
vide also M1sa
Mah1 Bandha
The great Bandha as one of the also Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
A kind of Bandha in which the three major Bandha-s
Bandha are performed concurrently.
Mah1bh1rata
The great Indian epic attributed to the sage Vy1sa
It describes the conflict between the forces of light (the P19du-s)
P19du and the forces of evil (the
Dh4tar1=tra-s).
Dh4tar1=tra
Mah1bh3ta
vide Bh3ta
Mah1bindu
vide Par1bindu
Mah1deva
Lit. 'the great god'
A name of )iva
Mah1 K1ra9a )ar2ra
The great causal body associated with the state of Tur2ya and )uddhatattva-s
)uddhatattva
vide also Tur2y1t2ta
Mah1k10a
The third of the Vyoma Pa6caka-s
Pa6caka described as the great space
Mah1 M1y1
Lit. 'great illusion'
The objective universe
Mah1 Mudr1
The great Mudr1 as one of the most important Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
Mah1navam2
The ninth day of the bright half of !0vina and Caitra
Mah1pralaya
90
M
The great dissolution

Mah1
Mah1puru=
puru=a
The Great Being; a name of )iva,
)iva as holder of consciousness
Maharloka
The region above the polar star
A Loka inhabited by Bh4gu and other saints, also known as the middle region.
Mah1 $=i
Great seer of the Vedic tradition
vide Brahm1
Mah10akti
Supreme )akti
A synonym for Parama0akti.
Parama0akti In that supreme sphere crossing all worlds her residence is called
Mah1 Kail1sa or Apar1jita.
Apar1jita There she is one with Parama0iva.
Parama0iva Her body is of pure Sattva.
Sattva
Mahat
The highest intelligence; the cosmic principle of Buddhi
On the human plane Mahat takes the form of the Tanm1tra-s.
Tanm1tra
vide also Bhagam1lin2,
Bhagam1lin2 Sarvasiddhiprada Cakra
Mah1talaloka
vide Loka
Mah1tattva
The centre of individuality in any Avasth1 (state) of a person, experienced as Aha%k1ra or
Asmit1. Sa%yama on Mah1tattva leads to Nirmana Citta experience.
Asmit1
M1h1tmya
Greatness
Mah1tripur1sundar2
Mah1tripur1sundar2
The Great Beautiful Tripur1
vide also Sarv1nandamaya Cakra
Mah1vajre0var2
One of the Nitya )akti-s
)akti
Mah1v1kya
The four great sayings of the Upani=ad-s:
Upani=ad Tattvamasi,
Tattvamasi Aha%brahm1smi,
Aha%brahm1smi Praj61nam Brahm1
and !yam1tma Brahm1
They summarise the whole philosophical concept of the Upani=ad-s.
Upani=ad The experience of these four
sayings is possible only after attaining Dharmamegha Sam1dhi through yogic techniques, i.e. full
spiritual liberation.
Mah1 Vedha
The awakening Bandha as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
The awakening refers to Ku98alin2 )akti
91
Mah1videh1
Lit. 'great bodiless'
The awareness of Cid1k10a as a way to destroy/ remove !vara9a
Mah1vidy1
Lit. 'great wisdom'
The third kind of initiation in the Tantra S1dhana;
S1dhana the ten Tantric )akti-s
)akti
As Tantric )akti-s
)akti they are K1l2,
K1l2 T1r1,
T1r1 +o8a02,
+o8a02 Bhuvane0var2,
Bhuvane0var2 Cinnamast1,
Cinnamast1 Tripur1 Bhairav2,
Bhairav2
Dh3m1v1t2, Bagal1 Mukhi,
Dh3m1v1t2 Mukhi M1ta^g2,
M1ta^g2 Kamal1 representing the gradual transformation of the
primordial principle of creation that is Goddess K1l2.
K1l2
Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 have specific Yantra-s
Yantra to depict the polarity of their divine nature either positive or
negative. In Tantra the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 are degrees of experiences towards unity.
Mah1y1ga
Great Worship
The paramount worship of Dev2 or of the sixty-four Yogin2-s
Yogin2 as is performed by )ivayog2-s
)ivayog2 only.
vide also Y1ga
Mah1yaj6a
Great sacrifice (offering)
vide also $tvija,
$tvija Yaj6a
Mah1 Yuga
The great Yuga
vide Yuga
Mahim1
Lit. 'greatness'
One of the eight yogic powers of becoming as big as the universe
vide also Siddhi,
Siddhi A=7asiddhi
Maithuna
Lit. 'coupling, union'
Sexual union between a Yogin2 and a Yogi,
Yogi representing )akti (energy) and )iva (consciousness)
Maithuna has three R3pa-s
R3pa (forms) namely Sth3la,
Sth3la S3k=ma and K1ra9a.
K1ra9a The Sth3la Maithuna
(gross union) is the sexual union, the S3k=ma Maithuna is the union of Pr19a-s
Pr19a (energies), and
the K1ra9a Maithuna is the union of Ku98alin2 )akti with )iva as a culmination experience in
Tantra.
Tantra But K1ra9a Maithuna transcends the ordinary experience being the esoteric kind of
Maithuna.
Maithuna The three R3pa-s
R3pa of Maithuna are expressions of the experience of duality matter-
spirit.
vide also Pa6ca Mak1ra,
Mak1ra Mithuna M3rti,
M3rti Samarasa
Maitr1varu9a
Lit. 'the one belonging to Mitra and Varu9a'
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest, the first assistant of a Hot4 priest
Maitrey2 Vidy1
92
M
The knowledge of Maitrey2

A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 in which R=i Y1j6avalkya,
Y1j6avalkya on retiring from his
household life, instructs Maitrey2,
Maitrey2 one of his two wives into the knowledge of !tma in order to
obtain immortality.
Maitr2
Maitr2
The sentiment of friendship
Maitr2 is also one of the Citta Pras1dana-s
Pras1dana as an attitude towards happy people.
vide also Maitry1di
Maitry1di
The group of sentiments of Maitr2,
Maitr2 Karu91 and Mudit1 leading to a particular state of Sam1dhi
Majj1
Marrow
vide Dh1tu
Makara
Crocodile regarded as an emblem of K1madeva
Makaraketana
Lit. 'one having the Makara for an emblem'
One of the names of K1madeva
Makar1sana
The dolphin !sana
M1l1
Lit. 'wreath, garland; crown; rosary, necklace'
A string of beads of Tulsi,
Tulsi Rudr1k=a
Rudr1k=a,
1k=a crystal, etc., used mainly for Japa practice
Esoterically it represents the impurity of the mind.
vide also Ana^gam1lin2
M1l1 Mantra
A Mantra having more than twenty syllables, a sacred text in the form of a wreath
M1lin2
Female florist
M1lin2 Tantra
A kind of Tantra
M1%sa
Flesh; meat
vide Pa6ca Mak1ra,
Mak1ra Dh1tu
Manana
Lit. 'reflection, thinking, meditation'
93
A method of reflection in order to differentiate between what is real and what is unreal and achieve
Viveka on any particular experience
Manas
The mind as organ of perception or supporting organ
The mind is the organ through which the human being will have a finite experience of the infinite
Cit or Samvit)
consciousness (Cit Samvit through Citta as reflection of Cit.
vide also !k10a
M1nasa
Kind of worship "by mind" of the Dev2
vide also Y1ga
M1nasap3j1
Lit. 'mental worship'
A ritual practice of mental worship such as using a Mantra for example
vide also P3j1
Manaska
The knowledge of Brahman through the mental plane
vide also Amanaska
Manas )akti
K1la)
K1la as one of the )akti-s
The awareness of time (K1la )akti flowing through I81 N182 thus enabling the
J61nendriya-s
J61nendriya to function
Manas )akti is the mental kind of energy (vide )akti).
)akti
Manastattva
The Tattva of Manas
M1navaugha
Lit. 'the human teacher'
Three aspects of )iva as part of Navan1tha-s
Navan1tha represented in the human body by two nostrils
Ghr19a) P1yu)
Ghr19a and the anus (P1yu
(Ghr19a P1yu
Ma98ala
Lit. 'circular; group, multitude'
Kind of Yantra representation of a Devat1 either in bi-dimensional or tri-dimensional form
There is a fundamental concept that the human body is a Ma98ala,
Ma98ala thus subject to all forms of
Yantra worship.
Ma98alap27ha
A symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 in the Ma98ala or Yantra forms
vide also P27ha
Ma98apa
Hall; temple
94
M
Ma98uk1sana
The frog !sana
M198uk2 Mudr1
The frog Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
Ma^gala
Lit. 'happiness'
Anything auspicious; an aspect related to the )iva concept; a name for planet Mars
Ma9i
Gem, jewel, pearl
Ma9ip3ra Cakra (known also as N1bhipadma)
N1bhipadma
Lit. 'city of jewels wheel'
The Cakra located in the subtle body on the vertebral column behind the navel
This Cakra is associated with the J61nendriya of Netra,
Netra the Karmendriya of P1da,
P1da the
Tanm1tra of R3pa,
R3pa is the centre for Sam1na V1yu and the seat of Pr19amaya Ko0a,
Ko0a the level
of awareness is Svarloka.
Svarloka
vide also L1kin2
Manmatha
Lit. 'stirring the mind; destroying the mind'
One of the names of K1madeva as one who agitates the mind
Manobhava
Lit. 'mind born'
One of the names of K1madeva as one who is first born in the mind, then takes different forms
Manomaya Ko0a
The body of mind as sphere of consciousness
It forms S3k=ma )ar2ra,
)ar2ra the subtle body. This Ko0a is the expression and experience of the mind
and has its seat in the An1hata Cakra.
Cakra
Manonman2
The cessation of mind functioning as a yogic experience
Mantha
Lit. 'churning'
The activity of stirring round an offering as part of an oblation; the churning-stick or the mash-pot
Mantra
Lit. 'liberation of the mind'
A sacred formula as a subtle form of a Devat1,
Devat1 an expression of the consciousness as sound
Mantra-s
Mantra are of five kinds viz. Pi98a,
Pi98a Kartar2,
Kartar2 B2ja,
B2ja Mantra and M1l1.
M1l1 A Mantra having ten to
twenty syllables is called Mantra (vide all five kinds). Mantra practice goes in spiral bringing the
mind closer and closer to the source of the sound. The most celebrated is Mantra O%,O% the sound
going towards absorption.
95
Mantrap27ha
A symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 in a Mantra form
vide also P27ha
Manu=ya
Human being
M1ra
Lit. 'killing'
One of the names of K1madeva as one who kills for love
M1ra is personified as a demon wearing a crown with a shinning jewel that it blinds those looking
at it. The jewel is the fascination of vice, the demon M1ra is in fact the personification of the
human temptation to vice hence an aspect of K1madeva
K1madeva who kills for the vicious love.
M1ra9akarma
Lit. 'action of destruction of an enemy'
One of the +a7karma-s,
+a7karma which gives the power to kill one's enemy
This is one of the five malefic magical rites in the Tantra-s.
Tantra
M1rdava
Gentleness as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
M1rga
Lit. 'search, seeking'
Path; the spiritual path
vide also Devay1na
M1rga02r=a
The month corresponding to parts of Nov./ Dec. known also as Sahas or Agrah1ya9a
vide also M1sa
Mar2ci
Name of a $=i
vide also Sapta4=i
Marut
Lit. 'shinning one'
In the Veda-s
Veda the Storm-Gods sons of Rudra and companions of Indra symbolizing the liberated
sages i.e. the Self-realized seers
vide also $=i,
$=i Sapta4=i
M1sa
Month
The lunar months are Caitra,
Caitra Vai01kha,
Vai01kha Jye=7ha,
Jye=7ha !=18ha,
!=18ha )r1va9a,
)r1va9a Bh1drapada,
Bh1drapada !0vina,
!0vina
K1rtika,
K1rtika M1rga02r=a,
M1rga02r=a Pau=a,
Pau=a M1gha,
M1gha Ph1lguna.
M1t1
Mother
96
M
M1ta^g2
The ninth of the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 representing the power to control and annihilate evil and exercise
virtues
M1ta^gin2 Mudr1
The she-elephant Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
Ma7ha
A place of hermitage; an !0rama
Mati
The quality of determination
M1tr1
A unit of time for measuring the duration of Pr191y1ma approximated to one second or less
M1t4k1
Lit. 'source'
Letters from A to Ha of Devan1gari,
Devan1gari the Sanskrit alphabet; divine mother
Its source is )abda,
)abda the letters symbolizing functions of the same creative force. The letters are to
be regarded as Mantra-s,
Mantra sounds representing the subtle forms of Devat1-s.
Devat1 M1t4 means mother
hence M1t4k1 emphasises a creative aspect. In symbols of the human subtle body, M1t4k1-s
M1t4k1 are
present on letters on the petals of Cakra-s.
Cakra There are 50 letters of Devan1gari alphabet.
Matsya
Fish; an Avat1ra of Vi=9u as representation of the beginning of manifestation of the universe
vide also Pa6ca Mak1ra
Mak1ra
Matsy1sana
The fish !sana
Matsyendr1sana
The king of fish !sana
Mauna
Vow of silence as a yogic Praty1h1ra technique developing the attitude of a seer (Dra=7a
Dra=7a)
Dra=7a
M1y1
Illusion of duality in Ved1nta
It has two functions namely !vara9a and Vik=epa and manifests in the human mind as Avidy1.
Avidy1
vide also M1y1 )akti,
)akti Brahman
M1y1 B2ja
vide Hr2%
M1y1 )akti
The energy of illusion, the cosmic energy
It is a manifestation of )akti which veils in various degrees Herself as consciousness. In Tantra-s,
Tantra
M1y1 is real, only her manifestation becomes an illusion (mere semblance).
97
M1y1tattva
The Tattva of M1y1 )akti
May3r1sana
The peacock !sana
Meda
Fat
vide Dh1tu
Me8hra
Penis
Mekhal1 (also Mekhala)
Mekhala
Lit. 'girdle, belt; ceremony of investiture'
Name of the girdle worn by the men of the first three castes of Hindu tradition
That of a Brahman is made of Mu6ja,
Mu6ja that of a K=atriya of M3rv1,
M3rv1 that of a Vai0ya of )a9a.
vide also Var9a,
Var9a Ana^gamekhal1
Meru
Mythical mountain in the Him1laya-s
Him1laya
Here is the centre of the world-lotus, in esoteric terms the Sahasr1ra Cakra
Meru Da98a
The vertebral column symbolized by the stem of the V291 of Tripurasundar2
M2m1%s1
One of the +a8 Dar0ana-s
Dar0ana
It has two branches namely P3rva and Uttara M2m1%s1-s
M2m1%s1
M291k=i
Lit. 'the one having fish-eyes'
A form of )akti as spouse of )iva;
)iva kind of Soma plant; a famous Tantric temple in Madhurai
(India); a daughter of Kubera
Mi0ra
Mixed
Mi0rabindu
The point of return of thought after activity and the union with the pure thought
One of the three Par1bindu-s
Par1bindu representing the )iva )akti M1y1 as well as the Icch1 )akti as
manifestations.
vide Bindu,
Bindu Par1bindu
Mit1h1ra
Moderate diet
vide also An1h1ra,
An1h1ra Aty1h1ra
Mithuna M3rti
98
M
Statue of a couple in an erotic posture

They are displayed in various temples like Khajuraho,
Khajuraho Konarak
Konarak, M291k=i,
M291k=i Padman1bhasv1m2
(in Trivandrum, Kerala, India), )r2ra^gan1tha (in )r2ra^gam).
)r2ra^gam
Mitra
Lit. 'friend'
A name of Sun-god in the Veda-s;
Veda one of the twelve !ditya-s
!ditya
Mitra Satya
The light of truth
Devas3 an aspect of Mitra.
Modin2
The delighting One
V1gdev2 corresponding to the mental activity of Sukha (delighted).
Moha
Infatuation, attachment
Known also as R1ga it is the passion associated with An1hata Cakra.
vide also Pa6c1gni,
Pa6c1gni P10a
Mohaka
Mohaka
The J17har1gni (digestive fire) causing pain and fainting
vide also Sarvapsitaphalaprad1
Mohana
Infatuating, bewildering as expression of K1ma
Mohi92
A fascinating woman; a form of Dev2
Mok=a
Liberation, release from worldly transmigration
vide also Puru=1rtha
Puru=1rtha
M4da%ga (also M4da^ga)
M4da^ga
A two-sided drum
M4du T2vrasa%vega
Low intensity of eagerness as one of the three T2vrasa%vega-s
T2vrasa%vega
M4t1sana
The corpse !sana
M4ti Yoga
The Yoga dealing with death
M4tyu6jaya
Lit. 'conqueror of death'
99
A name of )iva
M38ha
Confused state as one of the five Cittabh3mi-s
Cittabh3mi
In this state Tamas Gu9a predominates.
Mudit1
The sentiment of joy
Mudit1 is also one of the Citta Pras1dana-s
Pras1dana as an attitude towards virtuous people.
vide also Maitry1di
Mudr1
Gesture of invocation
Mudr1-s
Mudr1 represent the language in which the body speaks to the divinity, an expression of body
consciousness. Through Mudr1-s,
Mudr1 Sthirat1 is obtained, their practice brings certain experiences in
the mind. There is an exoteric and esoteric symbolism of Mudr1-s.
Mudr1 For the purpose of Mudr1 the
five fingers correspond to the five Bh3ta-s.
Bh3ta Example of Mudr1-s
Mudr1 are Abhaya,
Abhaya Vara,
Vara Vy1khy1na,
Vy1khy1na
J61na,
J61na Pr19a,
Pr19a Ap1na,
Ap1na Li^ga,
Li^ga Varu9a,
Varu9a )3nya,
)3nya Surabhi.
Surabhi
Many other Mudr1-s
Mudr1 are associated with Mudr1 Bandha techniques.
!tm1rpa9a Pa6ca Mak1ra
Mak1ra
Mudr1 Bandha
A joined Yoga technique of gesture and contraction practice
Ten Mudr1-s
Mudr1 are enumerated in the Ha7ha Yoga Prad2pik1 namely Mah1 Mudr1, Mudr1 Mah1
Bandha,
Bandha Mah1 Vedha,
Vedha Khecar2,
Khecar2 U882y1na Bandha,
Bandha M3la Bandha,
Bandha J1landhara Bandha,
Bandha
Vipar2ta Kara92,
Kara92 Vajrol2
Vajrol2,
ol2 )aktic1lana.
)aktic1lana In the Ghera98a Sa%hit1 are enumerated twenty-five
Mudr1-s,
Mudr1 that are in fact Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha namely Mah1 Mudr1,
Mudr1 Nabhomudr1,
Nabhomudr1 U882y1na,
U882y1na
J1landhara,
J1landhara M3la Bandha,
Bandha Mah1 Bandha,
Bandha Mah1 Vedha,
Vedha Khecar2,
Khecar2 Vipar2ta Kara92,
Kara92 Yoni,
Yoni
Vajrol2,
Vajrol2 )aktic1lan2,
)aktic1lan2 T181g2,
181g2 M198uk2,
M198uk2 )1mbhav2,
)1mbhav2 Pa6cadh1ra91-s,
Pa6cadh1ra91 (i.e. P4thiv2 Dh1ra91,
Dh1ra91
!mbhas2 Dh1ra91,
Dh1ra91 !gney2 Dh1ra91,
Dh1ra91 V1yav2 Dh1ra91,
Dh1ra91 !k102 Dh1ra91),
Dh1ra91 A0vin2,
A0vin2 P10in2,
P10in2
K1k2,
K1k2 M1ta^gin2,
M1ta^gin2 and Bhuja^gin2.
Bhuja^gin2
Mudr1p27ha
A symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 in the Mudr1 form
vide also P27ha
Muh3rta
An astronomically determined time of auspicious beginnings
Mukta
A person of liberated soul
vide also J2vanmukta
Mukt1sana
The freedom !sana
Muktatrive92
A name for M3l1dh1ra Cakra as a place of lower intersection of the three main N182
N182-s
82 and giver
Mukti)
Mukti
of liberation (Mukti
100
M
Mukti
Final liberation
vide also J2vanmukti
M3la
Root, origin
M3la Bandha
Lit. 'root lock'
The root Bandha as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
M3la B2ja
vide Hr2%
M3l1dh1ra Cakra
Cakra
Lit. 'root's support Cakr a'
The Cakra located between the scrotum and the anus
This Cakra is associated with the J61nendriya of Ghr19a,
Ghr19a the Karmendriya of P1yu,
P1yu the
Tanm1tra of Gandha,
Gandha is the centre for Ap1na V1yu and the seat of Annamaya Ko0a,
Ko0a the level
of awareness is Bh3rloka.
Bh3rloka
vide also Muktatrive92,
Muktatrive92 *1kin2,
*1kin2 Dh3mrali^ga
M3la Mantra
vide Hr2%
M3laprak4ti
The primary cause of matter as transcendental basis of physical nature; the original root (out of
which matter evolved) based in M3l1dh1ra Cakra in the human body
vide also V1k,
V1k )abda
M3la )odhana
Yogic technique of purification of the rectum with water in order to allow Ap1na V1ya to flow
freely; one of the four Dhauti-s
Dhauti
M3la Triko9a
Primary triangle of the )r2 Yantra as seat (!sana
!sana)
!sana of Dev2
It represents the threefold process of S4=7i (creation), Sthiti (preservation) and Sa%h1ra
(dissolution).
M3la Triko9a Cakra
Mumuk=u
One aspiring to Mok=a
Muni
Lit. 'one who knows'
A saint; one having spiritual knowledge
101
Mu6ja (also Mau6ja)

Mau6ja
The specie of grass Saccharum Sara
vide also Mekhal1
M3rch1
Lit. 'causing fainting (i.e. loosing the mental consciousness)'
M3rti
Image; symbol; figure; form of Devat1
M3rv1
The specie of hemp Sanseviera Roxburghiana
(also Maurva
Maurva,
urva M3rvik1)
M3rvik1
vide also Mekhal1
102
N
N
N1bhi
Navel
N1bhipadma
vide Ma9ip3ra Cakra
Nabhomudr1
The navel Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
N1ciket1gni Vidy1
The knowledge of the fire of N1ciketas
Vidy1 which deals with the heavenly fire and its
H4d).
H4d
correspondence in the human body, the heart (H4d
vide also Dv1tri%0at Vidy1,
Vidy1 Cidagni
N1ciketa (also N1ciketas)
N1ciketas
The young Brahmin in the Ka7ha Upani=ad who received teachings from Lord Yama.
Yama
N1da
Sound
It represents the first impulse towards creation, the dual aspect of )iva-
)iva-)akti as sound or word.
From N1da emerged B2ja.
vide also Bindu
N1da Dh1ra9a
Dh1ra9a on sound as a specific practice of concentration in order to obtain Divya )rotra
vide also Jyoti=mat2
N1da Yoga
Yoga of the sound as yogic concept based on sound consciousness
N1da Yoga
Kind of Yoga practice using gross or subtle sounds leading in a specific way to the state of
Sam1dhi
N182
Lit. 'tube, pipe'
S3k=ma )ar2ra)
Channel of energy in the subtle body (S3k=ma )ar2ra
Traditionally there are 72,000 N182-s
N182 in the human body as symbolized by V291'sV291 strings of
Tripurasundar2.
Tripurasundar2 The fourteen main N182-s
N182 in the human body are Su=umn1,
Su=umn1 I81,
I81 Pi^gal1,
Pi^gal1
Sarasvat2,
Sarasvat2 )a^khin2,
)a^khin2 P3=1,
P3=1 G1ndh1r2,
G1ndh1r2 Payasvin2,
Payasvin2 Yo0ovat2,
Yo0ovat2 Hastijihv1,
Hastijihv1 V1ru92,
V1ru92 Vi0vodar1,
Vi0vodar1
Kuh3,
Kuh3 Ala%bus1.
Ala%bus1 The most important N182-s
N182 are Su=umn1,
Su=umn1 I81 and Pi^gal1,
Pi^gal1 out of which
Su=umn1 is central to the experience of spiritual awakening.
N1ga
103
Lit. 'snake, serpent'

A naked ascetic; the V1yu producing the function of hiccup
vide also Sarv1rthas1dhaka Cakra
Cakra,
kra Sarvadu5khavimoci92
N1gan1yaka
vide Ananta
Nak=atra
Lit. 'star; constellation'
Any heavenly body; a lunar mansion
Traditionally there are twenty-seven constellations in number, each one related to a specific tree
Nak=atra V4k=1)
(Nak=atra V4k=1 or animal.
Nak=atra V4k=a
V4k=a
vide Nak=atra
N1ma
Name
Nama5
Reverence, veneration as a Mantra of invocation of a Devat1
N1m1kar=i92
The attractive power of N1ma
N1mar3pa
Name and form
M3laprak4ti is the source of all the manifestations of N1mar3pa world as products of V1k or
)abda.
)abda
vide also N1mar3pa Vidy1
N1mar3pa Vidy1
A S3k=ma (subtle) kind of worship as knowledge of name and form
For the purpose of Dev2's
Dev2 worship the Lalit1 Sahasran1ma Stotra is the most relevant.
vide also V1k,
V1k )abda,
)abda M3laprak4ti
M3laprak4ti
Namask1ra
Salutation, homage
N1rada
A sage devotee of Lord K4=9a
vide Brahm1
N1rasi%ha (also Narasi%ha)
Narasi%ha
A man-lion as Avat1ra of Lord Vi=9u,
Vi=9u a representation of transition between animal and human
N1r1ya9a
Lit. 'the human path'
104
N
Devat1 as beginning of humanity; the first human; a name of Vi=9u

N1r2
Woman, wife
N10ik1gra D4=7i
Seeing the tip of the nose as kind of Dh1ra91 yogic practice
N1stika
Non-believer in Veda-s
Veda
All the literature not based on the Veda-s
Veda is considered to be of N1stika kind
vide also !stika
Natar1ja
Lit. 'king of dance'
An aspect of )iva as Lord of Dance
)iva dances upon the demon Apasm1ra who represents the ego which makes people forget their
true nature.
vide also Rudra
N1tha
Lit. 'help, protection'
Lord; a name of )iva
vide also Navan1tha
N1tim1nit1
Absence of pride as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Nauli
+a7karma
Nava Cakra
Lit. 'nine wheels'
A name for the )r2 Yantra
In the )r2 Yantra the nine Cakra-s
Cakra also represent S4=7i (Creation), Sthiti (Preservation) and
Sa%h1ra
Sa%h1ra (Dissolution), each Cakra being a mathematical arrangement of three by two, therefore
the Trailokyamohana represents the S4=7i S4=7i and the Bindu represents the Sa%h1ra
Sa%h1ra.
Sa%h1ra
Navagraha
The nine planets
The Navagraha-s
Navagraha are: S3rya,
S3rya Candra,
Candra Kuja,
Kuja Budha
Budha,
dha Guru,
Guru )ukra,
)ukra )ani,
)ani R1hu and Ketu.
vide also Graha
Navam2
The ninth day of the bright half of the moon in every month
vide also Mah1navam2
Navamu98i
105
Lit. 'nine skulls'

Bhaya)
Bhaya
A Tantric practice to overcome fear (Bhaya
Navan1tha
The nine Lords
They are all aspects of )iva as three Divyaugha-s
Divyaugha (Prak101nanda, Vimar01nanda and
!nand1nanda), three Siddhaugha-s
Siddhaugha ()r2 J61n1nanda, )r2 Saty1nanda and )r2
P3r91nanda), three M1navaugha-s
M1navaugha (Svabh1va, Pratibha and Subhaga). The nine Lords helped
)akti to reveal the Tantra01stra
Tantra01stra on earth in the Satya Yuga as teachers, therefore they are the
nine Tantric teachers.
Navaratna
The nine precious gems
They are Padmar1ga (ruby), Mukt1 (pearl), Prav1la (coral), Vaidurya (lapis lazuli), Pu=par1ga
(topaz), Vajra (diamond), N2la (sapphire), Marakata (emerald), Gomeda (cow's fat stone).
Navar1tra
A period of nine days
Navayon2 Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel of nine Yoni-s'
vide )r2 Yantra
N1yik1
A female partner in the Tantric ritual
Ne=74
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Adhvaryu priest
Neti
Lit. 'not this'
+a7karma known also as Laulik2
Neti Neti is also a famous expression in the Upani=ad-s
Upani=ad signifying that the human being is not part
M1y1) S4=7i).
M1y1 seen now, nor part of this kind of creation (S4=7i
of the ever changing nature (M1y1 S4=7i
Netra
Organ of sight, the eye
Netratattva
The Tattva of Netra
Nidhi Siddhi
The power of determination
vide also Siddhi
Nidr1
Dreamless sleep as one of the five Cittav4tti-s
Cittav4tti
vide also Yoga Nidr1
106
N
Nidr1 J61na
The state of conscious sleeping
Nigama
Scripture
Nigama-s
Nigama are considered to be the Veda-s
Veda or any work as auxiliary or explaining the Veda-s
Veda or a
Muni-s).
Muni
doctrine or instruction as words of gods or holy persons (Muni In the Tantra-s
Tantra Nigama-s
Nigama are
sacred works in which Dev2 is Guru and )iva is )i=ya.
)i=ya
Nigarbha Sahita Pr191y1ma
vide Sahita Kumbhaka
Nigrahahoma
Homa with the purpose of restraining an enemy
vide +a7karma for the magical rites in the Tantra-s.
Tantra
N2laka97ha
Lit. 'one having blue throat'
A name of )iva as the one who has taken poison in order to save the world
Nilapatak1
)akti also known as N2lapat1kin2
N2lapat1kin2
vide N2lapatak1
Nir1k1ra
Without form, ‘non-manifested’ as a name for Nirgu9a Brahman
vide also !k1ra
Nira6jan1
Stainless; a name for Sam1dhi;
Sam1dhi a name for Su=umn1 N182
Nirb2ja Sam1dhi
Sam1dhi without seed (B2ja
B2ja)
B2ja beyond Pratyaya and devoid of awareness
A stage of Sam1dhi in which the !tmadra=7a is able to reach the Ali^ga, Ali^ga the stillness as state of
non-differentiation of the three Gu9a-s.
Gu9a Nirb2ja Sam1dhi is the union with the Divine and the
final goal for liberation. Beyond that is a different reality subject to Dharmamegha Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi
vide also Sab2ja Sam1dhi
Nirgu9a
Without quality or attribute
As an aspect of Brahman,
Brahman Nirgu9a is beyond any description.
vide also Sagu9a
Nirgu9a Brahman
The Universal Spirit without qualities
vide also Brahman,
Brahman Parabrahman,
Parabrahman Avyakta,
Avyakta @0vara,
@0vara Nir1k1ra
Nirgu9op1sana
107
The contemplation experience after the $tambhar1 Prajn1 state

vide also Sabu9op1sana
Nirliptat1
Lit. 'out of being attached'
Detachment as a result of practicing Sam1dhi as the experience of the cosmic self (Param1tm1
Param1tm1)
Param1tm1
Nirmana Citta
The divine mind simultaneously experienced through Sa%yama on Mah1tattva of artificially
created minds of a Yog2 in order to get consciousness of past Karma-s
Karma and enjoy their fruits
By the enjoyment of the fruits of past Karma-s
Karma the Yog2 becomes free of various Karm10aya-s.
Karm10aya
The created minds are under the control of Yog2's
Yog2 natural mind that directs them in various planes
of consciousness, so the whole experience is entirely conscious. The created minds are to be seen as
expressing various kinds of personalities when the experience is downloaded to the Yog2's
Yog2 natural
mind that becomes gradually free of Sa%skara-s.
Sa%skara
vide also Nirmanak1ya Citta
Nirmanak1ya
Nirmanak1ya Citta
The causal individual mind experience as source of particular V1san1-s,
V1san1 an expression of Nirmana
Citta (divine mind)
Nirodha
Lit. 'restrain; cessation; dissolution'
Restriction to be observed on the Yoga path; a synonym for Pr191y1ma or for Kumbhaka
As cessation Nirodha refers to Cittav4ttinirodha as definition of Yoga.
Yoga
Nirodha Pari91ma
Transformation of perception of the mind as one of the three Pari91ma-s
Pari91ma
vide also Avasth1 Pari91ma
Nirodha Yoga
The Yoga of cessation of any kind of Cittav4tti
Cittav4tti-s
ti
Niruddha
Restrained state as one of the five Cittabh3mi-s
Cittabh3mi
The restrained state refers to the eleven Indriya-s
Indriya therefore Niruddha state is a kind of Praty1h1ra.
Nirupakrama Karma
The dormant Karma that is not producing any fruits in the present
vide also Apar1ntaj61na,
Apar1ntaj61na Sa^cita Karma
Nirv19a
Emancipation; bliss; self-realization
Nirvic1r1 Sam1dhi
Lit. ' Sam1dhi without Vic1ra'
State of Sam1dhi in which the consciousness is experienced as reflection of the form beyond the
state of Vic1ra
With the accomplishment of Nirvic1r1 Sam1dhi the Dra=7a becomes !tmadra=7a and is already
108
N
inside the experience of spiritual salvation. This state of Sam1dhi is also known as Nirvic1r1
Asampraj61ta Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi
vide also $tambhar1 Prajn1
Nirvikalpa Sam1dhi
Lit. ' Sam1dhi without Vikalpa'
State of Sam1dhi in which there is no separation between J61t1 (one who knows) and J6eya
(object of knowledge) as full expression of union with Sagu9a Brahman
This experience in Yoga is similar to the experience of consciousness at Sahasr1ra Cakra
Cakra level in
Tantra.
Nirvitark1 Sam1dhi
Lit. ' Sam1dhi without Vitarka'
State of Sam1dhi in which the mind is devoid of awareness and the knowledge of the form comes
from within and beyond the state of Vitarka
This state of Sam1dhi is also known as Nirvitarka
Nirvitarka Asampraj61ta Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi
Ni01cara
Lit. 'one who acts during the night'
A demon using the dark of night for wrong doings
Ni=kala
Without parts
The kind of form (Ni=kalar3pa) of Brahman that can only be attained through J61na.
Ni=k1ma
Without desire
Ni=k1ma
Ni=k1ma Karma
Action without desire as an attitude of a Yog2 who is free to accumulating Sa%sk1ra-s,
Sa%sk1ra i.e. there is
Karma-s)
Karma
no sense of doing of actions (Karma
Ni=k1ma S1dhaka
Kind of Yoga practitioner known also as Sanny1sin walking the path of liberation and being
aware of all the four Puru=1rtha-s
Puru=1rtha
Ni=patti Avasth1
The final stage of the four Yoga Avasth1-s
Avasth1 when the consciousness of the Yog2 has reached the
unity in Sahasr1ra Cakra
Ni=7h1
The quality of firmness in service
Nitya
Eternal, perpetual
Nity1
)akti
Nity1klinn1
109

)akti
Nity1 )akti
The eternal expressed by the moon
The sixteen Nity1 )akti-s
)akti are K1me0var2,
K1me0var2 Bhagam1lin2,
Bhagam1lin2 Nity1klinn1,
Nity1klinn1 Bheru981,
Bheru981 Vahniv1sin2,
Vahniv1sin2
Mah1vajre0var2, D3t2,
Mah1vajre0var2 D3t2 Tvarit1,
Tvarit1 Kulasundar2,
Kulasundar2 Nity1
Nity1,
ty1 Nilapatak1,
Nilapatak1 Vijay1,
Vijay1 Sarvama^gal1,
Sarvama^gal1
Jv1l1m1lin2,
Jv1l1m1lin2 Citr1,
Citr1 !dy1.
!dy1 They preside over the sixteen days/ nights between new-moon and full-
moon. Each one has a specific Yantra,
Yantra the full description is in the work known as Tantrar1ja
Tantra.
Tantra
vide also Candrakal1
Niv4tti
The dissolution (return) process as a mind experience
vide also Prav4tti
Niyama
Lit. 'restraining'
One of the eight A^ga-s
It contains five inner disciplines to be observed namely )auca,
)auca Santo=a,
Santo=a Tapas,
Tapas Sv1dhy1ya,
Sv1dhy1ya
@0varapra9idh1na, all as expressions of a balanced state of mind.
@0varapra9idh1na
Niyati
Not joined
Niyati Ka6cuka
Form of )akti limiting the perception of the unity of cause and effect as being one with the
primordial )iva )akti;
)akti the Ka6cuka separating cause and effect
vide also Tattva,
Tattva Niyatitattva
Niyatitattva
The Tattva of Niyati Ka6cuka
Ny1sa
Lit. 'placing, applying'
Awareness of a particular Devat1 as assigned or installed in specific parts of the body; psycho-
physical posture; renunciation
The six principal Ny1sa practices refer to Ga9e=a,
Ga9e=a Graha,
Graha Nak=atra,
Nak=atra Yogin2,
Yogin2 R10i and P27ha.
vide also A^ga Ny1sa
Ny1ya
One of the +ad Dar0ana-s
Dar0ana
110
O
O
O8821na P27ha
vide U882y1na P27ha
Ojas
Lit. 'vigour, bodily strength, energy'
Vitality
O%
The most celebrated of all Mantra-s
Mantra known also as Pra9ava or O%k1ra
As attributes it is circular in form, eternal, pervading all. Various actions such as recitation, reading
rites, penance, sacrifices, Yoga techniques, Kirtan,
Kirtan in short every spiritual act should be preceded
by O%.
O% In its detailed form O% consists of five parts A, U, M, N1da and Bindu corresponding to
the five gods Brahm1,
Brahm1 Vi=9u,Vi=9u Rudra,
Rudra @0vara and Sad10iva.
Sad10iva There are different kinds of
pronunciation of the sacred syllable namely Kulluk1,
Kulluk1 Setu,
Setu Mah1setu.
Mah1setu For its use in the Vedic
perspective, there are four Svara-s
Svara (tones) of Pra9ava,
Pra9ava i.e. Ud1tta (for Br1hma9a-s),
Br1hma9a Anud1tta
(for K=atriya-s),
K=atriya Pracita (for Vai0ya-s)
Vai0ya and Auk1ra (for )3dra-s).
)3dra The chanting of O% Mantra is
in fact the chanting of the name of God. In many books O% is described as having three parts A, U,
M for the threefold designation of Brahman as Brahm1, Brahm1 Vi=9u and Rudra.Rudra There is a rich
literature to describe Pra9ava AUM as indicating three Veda-s,Veda three V4tti-s,
V4tti three Loka-s,
Loka three
Granthi-s,
Granthi etc.
vide also Udg2ta Vidy1,
Vidy1 Udg2ta
O%k1ra
vide O%
O% Nama5 )iv1ya
vide Pa6c1k=ar2
O=adhi (also Au=adhi)
Au=adhi
Lit. 'light receptacle'
Herb, any medicinal herb; creature
Devan1gari).
Devan1gari
There are fifty relevant herbs, one for each of the fifty letters of Sanskrit alphabet (Devan1gari
111
P
Pacaka
Pacaka
The J17har1gni of digestion of food
vide also Sarva0aktiprad1
P1da
Foot; chapter
vide also Karmendriya
P1da Sev1na
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga as the devotional act of service to the feet of the Lord
P1datattva
The Tattva of P1da
Padma
Lotus
vide also Cakra
Padm1sana
The lotus !sana
Padmin2
The first of the four classes into which females are divided, the other three are said to be )a^khin2,
)a^khin2
Citri92 and Hastin2
P1duk1 Siddhi
The power to impress somebody
vide also Siddhi
Pa6cabh3ta
vide Bh3ta
Pa6cada01k=ar2
vide Pa6cada02
Pa6cada02
The fifteen-syllables Mantra,
Mantra the Dev2 Herself in Her S3k=ma form
It is to be learned from a qualified Guru.
Guru Pa6cada02 is known also as Pa6cada0ak=ar2,
Pa6cada0ak=ar2 )r2
Vidy1 Mantra,
Mantra Vidy1r1ja,
Vidy1r1ja G1yatr2 of the )1kta-s,
)1kta etc. It contains three groups (K37aK37a-s)
K37a i.e.
V1gbhavak37a,
V1gbhavak37a Madhyak37a or K1mar1jak37a and )aktik37a. )aktik37a The three K37a-s
K37a are identified
with the face, the trunk and the limbs of Dev2.
Dev2 It has the body of three and a half as expressing the
Ku98alin2 )akti.
)akti The work Lalit1tri0at2
Lalit1tri0at2 gives the Mantra indirectly in the three hundred names
where there are twenty names beginning with each of the syllables.
Pa6cadh1ra91
112
P
The five Dh1ra91-s

Dh1ra91 namely P4thiv2,
P4thiv2 !mbhas2,
!mbhas2 !gney2,
!gney2 V1yav2 and !k102 as Mudr1 Bandha-
Bandha
s (vide)
Pa6c1gni
Lit. 'the five fires'
Passions associated with the five lower Cakra-s
Cakra
The Pa6c1gni-s
Pa6c1gni are Lobha,
Lobha K1ma,
K1ma Krodha (or Dve=a),
Dve=a Moha (Sa^ga
Sa^ga or R1ga)
R1ga and Mada (or
Smaya).
Smaya The Abhivyaktik1ra9a of Pa6c1gni-s
Pa6c1gni are the Sa%sk1ra-s.
Sa%sk1ra
Pa6c1gni Vidy1
The knowledge of the five fires
A Vidy1 Vidya (one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s)
Vidy1 is fully described in the )atapatha Br1hma9a as
the knowledge told to N1ciketas by Yama.
Vidy1 Tejas,
Tejas Pa6c1gni
Pa6cako=a
Ko0a-s)
Ko0a
The five bodily sheaths (Ko0a
Pa6cak=ar2
The five-syllables Mantra
Mantra i.e. O% Nama5 )iv1ya
Pa6ca Mak1ra
The five M's
A form of Up1sana the Pa6ca Mak1ra-s
Mak1ra are Madya (wine), M1%sa (meat), Matsya (fish),
Mudr1 (parched cereals) and Maithuna (sexual union). The five M's are symbols of different stages
in the Pr191y1ma i.e. Pr191y1ma
Pr191y1ma,
91y1ma Praty1h1ra,
Praty1h1ra Dh1ra91,
Dh1ra91 Dhy1na and Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi behind their
ordinary meanings is the transcendence of human addictions.
Pa6camu98i
The Tantric practice of the five skulls
Pa6ca Sahita Pr191y1ma
The five united Pr191y1ma-s
Pr191y1ma
Advanced Pr191y1ma techniques for body regeneration.
Pa6catattva
The five lower Tattva-s
Tattva namely P4thiv2,
P4thiv2 Ap,
Ap Tejas,
Tejas V1yu and !k10a
Pa6catattva Dh1ra91
Meditation on the Pa6catattva-s
Pa6catattva
Pa98it
Scholar; pandit
P198itya
Proficiency in learning and wisdom; erudition
It is of four kinds viz. V1ditva,
1ditva Kavitva,
Kavitva V1gmitva and Vy1khy1t4tva.
P19i
Hand (from the root P1 i.e. to drink)
113

P19ini
The great grammarian of the 7th century BCE
P19itattva
The Tattva of P19i
P1pa
Vice, sin
Par1 (also Para)
Para
Lit. 'supreme'
The supreme state; the transcendental state of )abda
The supreme state is experiencing the union with the supreme consciousness.
Par1bindu
The supreme Bindu as the original Bindu
Represented by a triangle Par1bindu is differentiated into )vetabindu,
)vetabindu Raktabindu and
Mi0rabindu
Mi0rabindu called together K1makal1. Figuratively is described as Mah1tripurasundar2 residing
at the centre of the )ri Yantra.
Yantra
vide also Sarv1nandamaya Cakra
Parabrahman
Supreme Brahman,
Brahman unconditioned Absolute
As manifested principle Parabrahman has many names such as Tat, Tat Asat,
Asat Avyakta,
Avyakta Nirgu9a
Brahman etc. Parabrahman as Supreme Absolute is the upper reality generating two kinds of
Parama0iva)
Parama0iva and another
monotheism in the Hindu tradition; one is centred upon a supreme God (Parama0iva
Dev2,
Dev2 Lalit1,
upon a supreme Goddess (Dev2 Lalit1 Mah10akti
Mah10akti or Parama0akti).
Parama0akti
vide also Para%jyoti=
Paradhy1na
The supreme form of meditation
Par1ha%t1
The supreme Ego i.e. the supreme consciousness
Param (also Parama)
Parama
Supreme
Paramaha%sa
Lit. 'supreme swan'
One of the advanced stages of spiritual life of a Sanny1sin
vide also Sa%ny1sa,
Sa%ny1sa Ha%sa
Param1k10a
The second of the Vyoma Pa6caka-s
Pa6caka described as the supreme space
Param19u
A9u)
A9u
The ultimate atom (A9u
114
P
Paramapuru=a Vidy1
The knowledge of the supreme Puru=a
A Veda Vidy1 one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s
Vidy1 in which N1ciketas
N1ciketas is instructed by Yama in
Indriya-s,
Indriya Manas,
knowing various stages (Indriya Manas Buddhi,
Buddhi Avyakta)
Avyakta leading to the knowledge of the
supreme Puru=a.
Puru=a
Parama0akti
The Supreme )akti
Parama0iva
The Supreme )iva
Parama0iva Parama0akti
The Supreme )iva )akti
It is the Supreme consciousness as Nirgu9a,
Nirgu9a in which )iva is the static aspect and )akti the active
aspect of the same Supreme Consciousness (Cit Cit).
Cit The static and active aspects have to be seen only
as potentialities without any characteristics i.e. Parama0iva is the potentiality of consciousness and
Parama0akti the potentiality of manifestation.
Param1tm1
vide Param1tman
Param1tman (also Param1tm1)
Param1tm1
The Supreme Soul as compared to J2v1tman,
J2v1tman the individual Soul
Param1tman and J2v1tman are two manifestations (one external and one internal as refers to the
Sat).
Sat
human being) of the same Reality (Sat
Para%jyoti=
Supreme Light
The light beyond the five gates (vide Devasu=i ), the light of J2v1tman. Para%jyoti= is also
Parabrahman.
Parabrahman
Par1n1da
The supreme sound
Par1p3j1
Lit. 'supreme worship'
A ritual form of transcendental worship
vide also P3j1
Para0ur1ma
An Avat1ra of Vi=9u,
Vi=9u a representation of the emergency of the brave man sometimes called
J1madagnya or Bh1rgava
Bh1rgava (as descending from Bh4gu)
Bh4gu
Para0ur1ma Sutra
An authoritative scripture of Kaula doctrine of Tantra
115
Paravairagya
Highest Vairagya in which various roots of bondage are eliminated through a direct cognition of
Puru=a
Par1tpar1
Supreme of the Supreme
P1r1ya9a
P1r1ya9a
Daily reading of a sacred text
Paricaya Avasth1
A Yoga Avasth1 of a Yog2 after overcoming the Rudragranthi
Pari91ma
Transformation as a result of performing Sa%yama;
Sa%yama principle of evolution; change in general
As a result of Sa%yama the Pari91ma-s
Pari91ma are of three kinds viz. Sam1dhi Pari91ma,
Pari91ma Ek1grat1
Pari91ma and Nirodha Pari91ma.
Pari91ma Each one is accompanied by three stages of transformations of
properties of the mind viz. Dharma Pari91ma,
Pari91ma Lak=a9a Pari91ma and Avasth1 Pari91ma.
Pari91ma
Pari91ma is also the change accompanying every action (Karma
Karma).
Karma As principle of evolution there
are five stages of Pari91ma namely: from non-manifest to manifest, from mineral to vegetable,
from vegetable to animal, from animal to human, from human to superhuman.
vide also Prak4ti
Pari0rama
Pari0rama
Physical labour as technique for body purification
vide also Karma Yoga
Pari0uddhi
Purification of memory
vide also )uddhi
P1rvat2
Lit. 'stream of a mountain'
A name of )akti
)iva's
)iva spouse as daughter of Himavat the mountain King of Kail1sa.
Kail1sa She is often depicted with
folded hands (vide Svastika)
Svastika and her face full of devotion for her Lord )iva.
)iva
vide also Dev2
Parya^ka
The couch on which Brahm1 sits in the Brahmaloka.
Brahmaloka Every part of the couch represents a specific
manifestation related to Brahm1.
Parya^ka Vidy1
Vidy1
The knowledge of the couch
A Veda Vidy1 one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s
Vidy1 in which the devotee is led in successive stages to
reach the Parya^ka.
Parya^ka The obstacles in the Brahmaloka start with !ra and (ya lakes, then I=7ihan
place and time, Viraj1 river, Ilya tree (an A0vattha tree named Somasavana),
Somasavana S1lajja city,
Apar1jita palace, Indra and Praj1pati as doorkeepers, Vibhu hall, Vicak=a9a throne and finally
Parya^ka couch.
116
P

P10a
Lit. 'knot; bondage; noose'
The noose as representation of R1ga
vide also P101^ku0a
P101^ku0a
Noose and goad
Corresponds to the attraction and repulsion, passion and anger, love and hate, denoting R1ga and
Dve=a. The P101^ku0a B2ja Mantra is O% Hr2% Kro%. Kro%
vide also !yudha Devat1,
Devat1 P10a,
P10a A^ku0a
Pa0cimott1n1sana
The back-stretcher !sana
P10in2 Mudr1
P10a)
P10a Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
The noose (P10a Bandha
Pa0u
Lit. 'cattle; animal; an ignorant person'
Conditioned individual; a kind of S1dhaka in the Tantra-s
Tantra in whom the Tamas Gu9a is
predominant
Pa0u Bh1va
One of the Bh1va-s
h1va as a state of human personality based on instinct, therefore of Tamas nature
vide also S1dhaka
Pa0un1tha
Lit. 'lord of cattle'
A name of )iva
Pa0upati
Lit. 'lord of animals; lord of the souls covered by ignorance'
A name of )iva
Pa0y1c1ra
The first kind of initiation in the Tantra S1dhana (vide) when a Mantra is given by a Guru
Pa0yanti
The mental stage of )abda
P1t1laloka
vide Loka
Pata6jali
The author of the Yoga treatise Yoga S3tra
He lived probably around year 200 BCE.
Pau=a
117
The month corresponding to parts of Dec./ Jan.

vide also M1sa
Pavam1na
In the Veda-s
Veda the self-purifier i.e. the mind
Payasvin2 N182
The N182 connected to the right ankle
Cakra Sarvaj4mbhi92
P1yu
Anus
P1yutattva
The Tattva of P1yu
Phala
Hetu)
Hetu
Effect of an experience having the source a cause (Hetu
vide also V1san1
Phala0ruti
The panegyric of accruing benefits of a text in the Stotra literature
Ph1lguna
The month corresponding to parts of Feb./ Mar.
vide also M1sa
Pi98a
Body; a monosyllable Mantra (vide)
vide also Deha,
Deha )ar2
ar2ra,
ra K1ya
Pi98198a
Lit. 'the body-egg'
The human body as Microcosm, a reproduction of Brahm198a
Known also as K=udra Brahm198a,
Brahm198a the A98a (egg) is seen as the potentiality of reproducing its
own original source, the Brahm198a.
Brahm198a Pi98198a is the link between the earth and the cosmic
planes, a unity of psycho-cosmic experiences. For the purpose of meditation Pi98198a is divided
into five parts extending from soles to the top of the head, P4thiv2 (from soles to knees), Ap (from
knees to hips), Tejas (from nose to the navel), V1yu (from navel to nose), !k10a (from nose to the
top of the head). Therefore Pi98198a made up of Bh3ta-s
Bh3ta is the representation of the cosmic man.
vide also A98api98a
Pi^gal1 N182
Known also as S3rya
S3rya N182 it is one of the major N182-s
N182 (in the human body) running up the right
side of Su=umn1,
Su=umn1 the central channel
Cakra Sarvamantramay2,
Sarvamantramay2 S3rya,
S3rya A0vini
P27ha
118
P
Place of pilgrimage; shrine, temple; a symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 (Goddess); a
Tantric sacred place where the fifty parts of Sat2-s
Sat2 body fell, so becoming pilgrimage centres
Known also as P27hasth1na-s,
P27hasth1na the P27ha-s
P27ha can be of Sth3la (gross), S3k=ma (subtle) and K1ra9a
(causal) forms and experienced as Vidy1p27ha
Vidy1p27ha-s,
dy1p27ha Ma98alap27ha-s,
Ma98alap27ha Yon2p27ha-s,
Yon2p27ha Stanap27ha-s,
Stanap27ha
Dev2p27ha-s,
Dev2p27ha Siddhap27ha-s,
Siddhap27ha etc. They may or may not have holy shrines like P27hat2rtha-s
P27hat2rtha or
P27hak=etra-s
P27hak=etra do. The P27ha-s
P27ha is where Dev2 resides in a form or as different parts of the body of
Sat2.
Sat2
P27hak=etra
P27hak=etra
Location of a P27ha in a K=etra place; holy shrine
P27hasth1na
vide P27ha
P27hat2rtha
Location of a P27ha in a T2rtha place; holy shrine
Pit4
Ancestor
vide also Dhenu,
Dhenu !nandamaya Vidy1
Pitta
Do=a
In !yurveda system of medicine a deficiency of bile as a cause to diseases.
Pl1vaka
The J17har1gni of flooding of gastric juice
vide also Sarvavy1dhivin10in2
Pl1vin2
Lit. 'causing floating'
In Ha7ha Yoga one of the eight major kinds of Pr191y1ma-s
Pr191y1ma
Pot4
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Br1hma9a priest
Pracetas
Lit. 'clever, wise'
vide Dak=a,
Dak=a Brahm1
Pradak=i9a
The act of turning towards persons or objects so as to place them on one's right side of the body as
form of worship
vide also !tm1rpa9a
Pradh1na
The universal Soul as primary germ of the material universe
In S1mkhya philosophy Pradh1na is similar to Prak4ti.
Prak4ti
Pradyumna
119
Lit. 'he who conquers everything'

One of the names of K1madeva as one who overcomes any obstacle for the sake of love
Praj1pati
Lit. 'lord of creatures'
A god having a dominant position in the Veda-s,
Veda sometimes identified with Agni,
Agni Soma,
Soma Savit4 or
Indra and the first ten created beings of Brahm1 (vide)
vide also Parya^ka Vidy1,
Vidy1 !nandamaya Vidy1
Praj61
Lit. 'to know, understand'
Wisdom, knowledge, consciousness personified as goddess Sarasvat2
vide also J61na
Pr1jna
The Soul in the K1ra9a )ar2ra
vide also J2v1tman
Praj61jyoti
A Yog2 who can experience the light (Jyoti
Jyoti) Praj61)
Jyoti of consciousness (Praj61
Praj61
Praj61nam Brahm1
'The ultimate truth is consciousness' a celebrated statement in the Upani=ad-s
Upani=ad
vide also Mah1vakya
Pr1k1mya
Lit. 'freedom of will'
One of the eight yogic powers of possessing irresistible determination
vide also Siddhi,
Siddhi A=7asiddhi
Prak10a
Lit. 'shinning, bright; manifest; light'
A name for the pure Self
Prak10a
Prak10a !vara9a
Covering of the light, as a veil to knowledge of the Self
Prak4ti
Lit. 'primary substance; nature; original form, primordial matrix'
A name of )akti as personified energy in the creation; the Primordial Female Principle in Yoga
Triggered by Pari91ma,
ari91ma the primary substance takes various successive forms marked by Gu9a-s.
Gu9a
vide also Trigu91tmik1,
Trigu91tmik1 M1y1,
M1y1 )akti,
)akti Tattva,
Tattva A=7asiddhi
Prak4ti Tattva
The Tattva of Prak4ti consisting of the three Gu9a-s
Gu9a giving birth to all manifestations of nature
Prak4ti
Prak4ti)
(Prak4t
Prak4ty1p3r1t
120
P
The overflow of Park4ti (nature) caused by the removal of Avidy1

After this experience the development of the super-consciousness occurred.
vide also J1tyantara Pari91ma
Pralaya
Dissolution of the physical universe as opposed to S4=7i (creation)
vide also Mah1pralaya,
Mah1pralaya Brahm198a
Pram1da
The state of carelessness as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa
Pram19a
Correct knowledge as a form of Vidy1 and one of the five Cittav4tti-s
Cittav4tti
Pram19a is of three kinds namely Pratyak=a,
Pratyak=a Anum1na and !gama.
!gama
vide also Viparyaya
Pr19a
Lit. 'breath of life; spirit; vitality'
The V1yu which draws the life-force into the body
Cakra Sarvasiddhiprad1,
Sarvasiddhiprad1 Devasu=i
Pr191gnihotra Vidy1
The knowledge of sacrificing Pr19a to Agni
Vidy1 containing also two other Vidy1-s
Vidy1 namely Pr19a
and Pratardana.
Pratardana This Vidy1 deals with the sacrifice of the speech (V1cV1c)
V1c to the breath and of the
breath as the five Pr19a-s
Pr19a to the internal fire by breathing or taking food as acts of oblation. This
sacrifice leads to Pratardana the act of piercing of the Granthi-s
Granthi by Ku98ali92 )akti.
)akti
Pra91ma
Lit. 'bowing'
The act of prostration or obeisance
vide also !tm1rpa9a
Pr19amaya Ko0a
The body of energy as sphere of consciousness
This Ko0a is the expression and experience of the energy field and has the seat in the
Svadhi=7h1na and Ma9ip3ra Cakra-s
Cakra
Pr19a Mudr1
The gesture of acquiring Pr19a energy
Pr19a )akti
!k10a)
!k10a as one of the )akti-s
The awareness of space (!k10a )akti flowing through Pi^gal1 N182 enabling the
Karmendriya-s
Karmendriya to function
It is the pranic kind of energy (vide )akti).
)akti
121
Pra9ava
vide O%
vide also T1raka
Pr19a Vidy1
The knowledge of Pr19a
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 which together with Pratardana Vidy1 is contained within the Pr191gnihotra
Vidy1.
Pr191y1ma
Lit. 'lengthening of the breath'
The process of expansion and regulation of the flow of energy within Pr19amaya Ko0a of the
human body; in Yoga one of the eight A^ga-s
Through Pr191y1ma,
Pr191y1ma Laghim1 is obtained and Prak10a !vara9a will gradually disappear. It has
three states viz. P3raka,
P3raka Kumbhaka and Recaka,
Recaka it is regulated by De0a (place as climate), K1la
(time as duration of the three states) and S1^khya (number of rounds). There is one more state
(beyond the Indriya-s
Indriya experiences) named Caturtha Pr191y1ma,
Pr191y1ma a continuous awareness of the
breath, i.e. Ajapajapa practice. As a form of rite Pr191y1ma is identified with Agnihotra.
Agnihotra
In Ha7ha Yoga Prad2pik1 eight major kinds of Pr191y1ma are enumerated viz. S3rya Bheda,
Bheda
Ujj1y2,
Ujj1y2 )2tk1r2,
)2tk1r2 )2tal2,
)2tal2 Bhastrik1,
Bhastrik1 Bhr1mar2,
Bhr1mar2 M3rch1 and Pl1vin2.
Pl1vin2 There are many other
Pr191y1ma-s
Pr191y1ma both from Tantric and Vedic traditions. The Ghera98a Sa%hit1 enumerates also
eight major kinds of Pr191y1ma viz. Sahita,
Sahita S3rya Bheda,
Bheda Ujj1y2,
Ujj1y2 )2tal2,
)2tal2 Bhastrik1,
Bhastrik1
Bhr1mar2,
Bhr1mar2 M3rch1 and Keval2.
Keval2
vide also Nirodha
Pr192
The breathing creature
Pra9idh1na
Lit. 'put completely'
Surrender to God as a sure way to Self-realization
Pr1pti
Lit. 'reaching; obtaining'
One of the yogic powers of obtaining anything at will
vide also Siddhi,
Siddhi A=7asiddhi
Pr1rabdha
Lit. 'undertaking, beginning'
Commencement of an action
Pr1rabdha Karma
Past action producing result in the present, a synonym to Sopakrama Karma
Pras1da
Grace; the offering of food as sign of grace
Prasa%khy1na
122
P
Kind of Dhy1na (meditation, reflection) in which the practitioner will accept goods only for the
present needs
Prasava
Lit. 'impulse forward'
Evolution as state of Prak4ti when the elements of nature produce more effects
vide also Pratiprasava,
Pratiprasava Vyakta
Prast1va
The chanting of prelude sung by the Prastrot4 priest
Prastot4
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Udg1t4 priest by chanting the Prast1va
Pratardana Vidy1
The knowledge of the piercing
A Veda Vidy1
Vidy1 which together with Pr19a Vidy1 is contained within the Pr191gnihotra Vidy1.
Vidy1
Prathamakalpika
A Yog2 as beginner in experiencing Sam1dhi
Pr1tibha
Lit. 'to shine upon'
The reflective Self; a specific power acquired naturally (without Sa%yama)
Sa%yama by somebody having
the knowledge of the Self
In the state of Pr1tibha the supernatural senses of )r1va9a,
)r1va9a Vedana,
Vedana !dar0a,
!dar0a !sv1da and V1rta
arise naturally as Siddhi-s.
Siddhi
Pr1tibha J61na
Lit. 'knowledge flashing upon the thoughts'
Intuition
Pratihart4
Pratihart4
Lit. 'the one bringing back'
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Udg1t4 priest
Pratim1 (Devat1pratim1
Devat1pratim1)
Devat1pratim1
Icon of a deity, quasi similar to Murti in two-dimensional form
Pratipad
The new-moon time
Pratipak=a Bh1vana
The practice of thinking of the opposite quality in order to transform the negative habits into
positive ones
Pratiprasava
Involution as state of Prak4ti when the elements of nature return to their original cause
vide also Prasava,
Prasava Vyakta,
Vyakta Yoga
123
Pratiprasth1t4
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Adhvaryu priest
Pratyabhij61
The consciousness recognizing the identity of the individual Soul and the Supreme Soul as state of
illumined knowledge
vide also Savic1r1 Sam1dhi
Praty1h1ra
Awareness as an externalised (first) then internalised state, the gradual withdrawal of the mind from
the objects experience
A^ga of the A=71^ga Yoga of Pata6jali,
Pata6jali the first step in understanding
the pure mind. Through Praty1h1ra,
Praty1h1ra Dhairyat1 is obtained. This transitional (between the outer
and inner experiences) step in Yoga employs various practices like Japa,
Japa K2rtana,
K2rtana Tr17aka,
Tr17aka N1da
Yoga,
Yoga Tantra S1dhana.
S1dhana
vide also Indriya
Pratyak=a
Correct knowledge based on non-defective senses as one of the three Pram19a-s
Pram19a
Pratyak=atva
Conscious and continuous perception as a result of practicing Dhy1na
Pratyaya
In Yoga the basis (as content of mind) on which the consciousness functions
Pratyaya is subject to the three Gu9a-s
Gu9a
Prav4tti
The creative process as mind faculty
vide also Niv4tti,
Niv4tti Jyoti=mat2 Prav4tti
Pray1ga
Lit. 'place of sacrifice'
A place of pilgrimage near All1h1b1d (India) where is the confluence of three rivers namely
Ga^g1,
Ga^g1 Yamun1 and Sarasvat2
The confluence is also known as Trive92,
Trive92 symbolically corresponding to !j61 Cakra
vide also Lalit1,
Lalit1 )y1ma
Prayoga
Recitation of a sacred formula
Pr2ti
Lit. 'joy'
One of the two wives of K1madeva
Priya
Dear, beloved
P4thiv2 (also P4thv2)
P4thv2
124
P
Earth
The A%0a-s
A%0a of P4thiv2 in the Pi98198a are the five Karmendriya-s
Karmendriya
vide also Bh3ta
P4thiv2 Dh1ra91
The Dh1ra91 on earth as one of the Pa6cadh1ra91-s
Pa6cadh1ra91
P4thiv2tattva
The Tattva of P4thiv2 known also as Bh3mitattva
Puhapak1sana
vide Tantr1sana
P3j1
Recitation; ritual; chanting or reading of a sacred text as a ritual practice of worship
Known also as Arcan1,
Arcan1 P3j1 is part of the nine A^ga-s
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga.
Yoga The ritual practice is of
three kinds viz. B1hyap3j1,
B1hyap3j1 M1nasap3j1 and Par1p3j1,
Par1p3j1 and is both internal and external. The
fundamental concept of ritual is its cosmic meaning; any P3j1 is an involvement of the cosmic
energies.
P3jar2
Performer of recitation of a sacred text (vide P3j1)
P3j1
P3jy1
Worthy of devoted worship
Pulaha
Name of a $=i
vide also Sapta4=i,
Sapta4=i Brahm1
Pulastya
Name of a $=i
vide also Sapta4=i,
Sapta4=i Brahm1
Punarjanma
Rebirth as a result of Soul transmigration
Pu9ya
Virtue, merit; holy
vide also Dharma
Pura
Lit. 'in advance, forward; a stronghold, fortress'
The human body; the living principle, life
P3raka
Controlled inspiration of breath as one of the three states of Pr191y1ma
Pur19a
Lit. 'ancient'
125
A class of Sanskrit scripture of stories about gods as manifestations of one reality

Pur19a-s
Pur19a are written in a popular manner and considered to be part of sacred books of Hinduism.
Pura0cara9a
Repetition of Mantra-s
Mantra under certain conditions for a specific number of times
P3r9a
Lit. 'full, complete'
One of the stages of Sanny1sa lifestyle when the Sanny1sin is firmly established in the life of an
!0rama
P3r9a Sanny1sa is also the first stage of Tantric initiation.
P3rnabhi=eka
Full initiation as a special ceremony in the )1kta tradition
P3r9agiri P27ha
vide also P27ha,
P27ha Catu=p27ha
In the S3k=ma )ar2ra (the subtle body) it is equated with An1hata Cakra.
P3rn1huti
Complete offering (oblation) when the ladle is emptied
P3r9am1s2
The full-moon time
P3r9im1
The day of full-moon
P3r9im1r1rti
The night of full-moon
Puru=a
Lit. 'sleeping town; male'
A particular manifestation of consciousness as a transformation of )iva into a passive witness of
Prak4ti;
Prak4ti the Primordial Male Principle in Yoga;
Yoga a conscious being as a small scale replica of the
Creator
In the Veda Vidy1-s,
Vidy1 Puru=a as an external expression is the Sun, as internal expression is the
right eye or Indra.
Indra In Yoga philosophy Puru=a is an awareness in course of evolution experienced
beyond the Cittav4tti-s
Cittav4tti and the Gu9a-s
Gu9a eventually, so leading to Self-realization. There are infinite
stages of mental consciousness therefore infinite Puru=a-s
Puru=a (vide Vai0v1nara Puru=a,
Puru=a Tejom1y1
Puru=a,
Puru=a Vi0va Puru=a)
Puru=a all as hidden cause of manifestations.
vide also )iva,
iva Brahman,
Brahman U=as,
U=as Indra
Puru=a Prak4ti
The dual transformation of )iva )akti principle
The interplay between Puru=a and Prak4ti is the cause of all manifested world. A fundamental
concept in experiencing Puru=a is that it starts with the instrumentality of Prak4ti.
vide also Bindu,
Bindu V4=abha Dhenu
126
P
Puru=1rtha
Lit. 'aim of Puru=a'
Object of human desire
There are four Puru=1rtha-s
Puru=1rtha viz. K1ma,
K1ma Artha,
Artha Dharma and Mok=a
Puru=atattva
The Tattva of Puru=a
Puru=a Vidy1
The knowledge of Puru=a
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 In this Vidy1,
Vidy1 the human being is seen as the
Sacrificer and Puru=a the Y1j6a.
Puru=avi0e=a
A state of consciousness, which manifests in every human being as experience of the Divine
P3rvac2ti
Lit. 'first thought'
In the Veda-s
Veda the original basis of consciousness as Brahman
P3rvap2ti
Lit. 'first drinking'
In the Veda-s
Veda the original absorption into Brahman
P3=an
A god in the Veda-s
Veda representing prosperity; one of the twelve !ditya-s
!ditya
P3=1 N182
The N182 connected to the left thigh
Cakra Sarvara6ja92
Pu=pa
Flower; menstrual flow
Pu=pi92
A woman in her period
127
R
R1dh1
K4=9a's
K4=9a beloved
The love between K4=9a and R1dh1 symbolizes the human-God relationship, which becomes
complete only when the human surrenders completely to God.
R1ga
(from the root Ra6j i.e. to be attracted by)
Lit. 'red colour; passion'
Infatuation; love; passion; attachment as one of the five Kle0a-s
Kle0a known also as Moha
vide also P10a,
P10a P101^ku0a,
P101^ku0a Vair1gya
R1ga Ka6cuka
Ka6cuka
Form of )akti limiting the perception of the real nature of love as being one with the primordial
unity of )iva )akti
vide also Tattva,
Tattva R1gatattva
R1gatattva
The Tattva of R1ga Ka6cuka
Rahasya
Lit. 'secret'
The secret doctrine of esoteric teaching
Rahasya
Rahasya N1ma Sahasra
The thousand secret names
R1hu
The ascending node in the astronomy/ astrology one of the Navagraha-s
Navagraha
Raja
The pollen of flowers; the menstrual excretion'
Rajas
Lit. 'emotion, affection'
The quality of passion, activity and motion; the woman's menstrual discharge
One of the three Gu9a-s
Gu9a sometimes identified with Tejas.
Tejas
Cakra Jayin2
Rajas Tapas
The purification of Rajas Gu9a
vide also Tapas
R1ja Yoga
128
R
The royal Yoga

R1ja Yoga Sam1dhi
The Sam1dhi as a result of R1ja Yoga practice
R1ki92
The )akti residing in Sv1dhi=7h1na Cakra
R1k=asa
A kind of demon
The abode of R1k=asa-s
R1k=asa was )r2 La^ka (former Ceylon), the domain of the great R1k=asa
known as R1va9a.
R1va9a
Rakta
Blood
vide also Dh1tu
Raktabindu
Lit. 'red spot'
The point of activity of thought
vide Bindu
One of the three Par1bindu-s,
Par1bindu it represents the )akti M1y1 as well as the Kriy1 )akti as
manifestation.
Rakt1mbara
Lit. 'red clothed'
A mendicant wearing red garment
vide also Digambara
Ra%
vide Agni B2ja
R1ma (from the root Ram i.e. to rejoice)
Lit. 'charming, lovely'
An incarnation of Vi=9u as symbol of joy within
It is considered that R1ma appeared on earth approx. 9000 years ago.
R1m1ya9a
The great epic of V1lm2ki relating the story of R1ma and S2t1 as ideal husband and wife and their
devotion for each other
vide also R1va9a
R1mi
The washer-maid lover of Ca98id1s
Rasa
Lit. 'taste, flavour; character of a work; kind of sentiment; essential taste'
Essential taste; devotional sentiment
As essential tastes there are six Rasa-s,
Rasa viz. Madhura (sweet), Amla (sour),, Lava9a, (salt)
129
Ka7uka (pungent), Tikta (bitter) and Ka=1ya (astringent). As sentiments and characters of a work
there are ten Rasa-s,
Rasa viz. )4ng1ra (love), V2ra (heroism), B2bhatsa (disgust), Raudra (fury),
H1sya (humour), Bhay1naka
Bhay1naka (terror),, Karu91 (compassion), Adbhuta (wonder), )1nta
(peacefulness) and V1tsalya (affection). As devotional sentiments and degrees of Bhakti there are
five Rasa-s
Rasa or Bh1va-s,
Bh1va called also Rati-sRati namely )1nta (peace), D1sya (service), S1khya
(friendship), V1tsalya (affection) and M1dhurya (loveliness). When these five sentiments are
directed towards the Self, they take the forms of !tma Rati.
vide also Tanm1tra
Ras1kar=i92
The attractive power of Rasa
Ras1m4ta Curan
Product of Ayurvedic Tantra based on sulphide of mercury
The receipt is given in Siddhayoga of V4nda.
V4nda
Ras1nanda Yoga
Kind of Yoga by practicing with Bhr1mar2 Pr191y1ma
Ras1nanda Yoga Sam1dhi
The Sam1dhi as a result of Ras1nanda Yoga practice
Ras1talaloka
vide Loka
Rasatattva
The Tattva of Rasa
Ras1ya9a
The Indian alchemy
Rati
Lit. 'sentiment; devotion; pleasure'
One of the two wives of K1madeva
Rati is the goddess expressing various degrees of Bhakti (vide Rasa).
Rasa To direct these sentiments
towards the Self is called !tma Rati.
Rati !sana
vide Tantr1sana
Ratna
Jewel, gem
R1tri
Night
vide also Dak=i91yana,
Dak=i91yana )ivar1tri
Raudra
Fury as one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
R1va9a
130
R
The great R1k=asa

He was initially a great Bhakta of Lord )iva,
)iva then became a demon in R1m1ya9a epic, later on
attaining Self-realization.
Ravi
The Sun God
vide also Agni,
Agni S3rya
Recaka
Lit. 'emptying'
Controlled expiration of breath as one of the three states of Pr191y1ma;
Pr191y1ma the name for J17har1gni
(digestive fire) of elimination
vide also Sarvaj61
Rekh1 (also Rekha)
ekha
Line, stripe; delineation
vide also Ana^garekh1
$g Veda
Lit. 'the Veda of praise'
The most ancient sacred book consisting of 1028 hymns arranged in ten Ma98ala-s
Ma98ala
Based on the calendars used in the Veda-s
Veda and star positions, the $g Veda is thought to date to
4000 or 6000 BC when Sarasvat2 river (now dried) was the greatest river of ancient India.
vide also Veda
Rocan1 (also Rocana)
Rocana
Lit. 'shinning, bright sphere'
In the Veda-s
Veda a name for the heaven as sphere of consciousness
vide also Loka,
Loka Rodas2
Rodas2
Rodas2
In the Veda-s
Veda heaven and earth as kind of Devat1
vide also Rocan1
Roga
Disease
$=i
Lit. 'seer'
An inspired sage in the Vedic tradition
vide also Sapta4=i
$ta
Lit. 'rule, order'
The rule of order of things
It applies equally at the grand scale of the universe, as well as at the nature and human levels. $ta
has to be seen as the natural law of orderly things that is suitable for everything. It is immutable and
131
out of the control of humans and even of gods. All have to obey the rules of $ta,
$ta which is created at
Sat)
Sat as foundational design of manifestation. It has to be followed in
the highest level of the reality (Sat
rituals and human behaviour, thus being the basis of Dharma. $tvija-s)
Dharma The Vedic priests ($tvija
$tvija do apply
$ta when performing their duties.
$tambhar1 Praj61
Praj61
The super-consciousness state full of cosmic experience as a culmination of Nirvic1r1 Sam1dhi
vide also Nirgu9op1sana
$tu
Lit. 'season'
The natural sequence of seasons
An observation that has a deep spiritual connotation that is conceptualised as $ta,
$ta order of things at
every scale.
$tvija
A Vedic priest
There are four chief priests of the Veda-s
Veda namely Hot4,
Hot4 Adhvaryu,
Adhvaryu Udg1t4 and Br1hma9a,
Br1hma9a each
one having three helper priests making sixteen the number of priests necessary to perform the
Mah1yaj6a with the Soma juice (Soma Soma Rasa or Am4ta).
Am4ta
Rudra
Trim3rti)
Trim3rti an aspect of )iva;
One of the Gods of Hindu trinity (Trim3rti )iva the principle and manifestation of
transformation; the Devat1 of Tejas Bh3ta
Lord Rudra presides over the transformation of Macrocosm (Brahm198a
Brahm198a)
Brahm198a and Microcosm
Pi98198a).
Pi98198a In Brahm198a he acts as Natar1ja,
(Pi98198a Natar1ja an agent of transformation at grand scale. In the
Pi98198a (the human body as microcosm) there are eleven Rudra-s
Rudra i.e. five J61nendriya-s,
J61nendriya five
Karmendriya-s Manas),
Manas all together are known as the eleven Indriya-s.
Karmendriya and the mind (Manas Indriya
Rudragranthi
Lit. 'knot of Rudra'
The knot located in the Candrakha98a
It represents the attachment to Mada (pride) and Siddhi-s Siddhi (supernormal powers). The
transcendence of this knot is equivalent to full awakening of Ku98alin2.
Ku98alin2
Rudr1k=a
Lit. 'pervaded by Rudra'
The tree Elaeocarpus Granitrus or its seed used for rosaries by followers of )iva tradition
It is also known as Ak=a.
Rudr192
vide Trim3rti
Rudra Pa0upati
Rudra the lord of the souls covered by ignorance
One of the eight Devas3
Devas3-s,
vas3 an aspect of Rudra.
R3pa
Form; sight
132
R
There are three kinds of R3pa-s

R3pa (forms) namely Sth3la (gross), S3k=ma (subtle) and K1ra9a
(causal). They apply to a wide variety of threefold concepts of which Tripur1 is seen as the most
comprehensive. The three forms are to be seen as levels of vibrations of energy and as such any
threefold concept could be understood by the Citta only if it has the awareness of a threefold
perception. R3pa means also beautiful form as one of the four K1ya Sampad-s.
Sampad
vide also Tanm1tra,
anm1tra Tripur1
R3p1kar=i92
The attractive power of R3pa
R3patattva
The Tattva of R3pa
133
S
Sabar Mantra (from Sabar i.e. milk, nectar)
Mantra representing the quintessence of a sacred text
)abda
Lit. 'vibration, sound; word'
The vibration of sound; the thought process in the form of words
There are four stages of )abda namely Vaikhar2,
Vaikhar2 Madhyam1,
Madhyam1 Pa0yant2 and Par1 by which the
whole universe of N1mar3pa comes into existence. Various S1dhana-s
S1dhana using )abda in different
forms (like K2rtana,
K2rtana Bhajan,
Bhajan Mantra,
Mantra N1da Yoga,
Yoga etc.) have the purpose to merge the sound
consciousness into the mental consciousness. The original cause of )abda is M3laprak4ti.
M3laprak4ti In the
Veda-s
Veda V1k Dev2 was later identified with Sarasvat2,
Sarasvat2 the goddess of speech.
vide also Karmendriya,
Karmendriya Savitark1 Sam1dhi
)abda Brahman
Brahman as the primal sound-energy
)abd1kar=i92
The attractive power of )abda
)abdatattva
The Tattva of )abda
Sab2ja Sam1dhi
Sam1dhi with seed (B2ja
B2ja)
B2ja based on Pratyaya
Pratyaya
Towards finer and finer realms of consciousness Sab2ja Sam1dhi is of six kinds viz. Savitark1,
Savitark1
Nirvitark1,
Nirvitark1 Savic1r1,
Savic1r1 Nirvic1r1,
Nirvic1r1 !nanda and Asmit1.
Asmit1 Other varieties of Sab2ja Sam1dhi are
Sampraj61ta Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi Asampraj61ta Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi
vide also Nirb2ja Sam1dhi
Sam1dhi, Savikalpa Sam1dhi
)accid1nanda
In Vedanta existence-consciousness-bliss as a state similar to Nirb2ja Sam1dhi in Yoga
vide also Sat Cit !nanda
+a8a^ga
Lit. 'six limbs'
The science of forms
The forms are seen as outer expressions of the inner reality, the means to provide a spiritual
experience by understanding their transcendental correspondence. Although +a8a^ga as a word
refers to the six limbs (vide +a8a^gany1sa)
+a8a^gany1sa its expression as science of forms is very wide,
addressing the symbol-values of Yantra,
Yantra Ma98ala,
Ma98ala statues, icons, temples, geometry, architecture,
etc.
vide also M3rti
134
S
+a8a^gany1sa
Lit. 'Ny1sa of the six limbs'
The act of installing of deities by touch and Mantra-s
Mantra invocation into six parts of the body namely
heart, forehead, crown of the head, anus, eyes and navel.
vide also +a8a^ga
Sad10iva
Lit. 'always auspicious'
A form of )iva;
)iva the Devat1 of !k10a Bh3ta
Sad10ivatattva
The Tattva of Icch1 )akti (the energy of will)
+a8 Dar0ana
The six classical philosophies of the Indian tradition namely M2m1%s1
M2m1%s1,
m1%s1 Ny1ya,
Ny1ya Vai0e=ika,
Vai0e=ika
S1%khya, Yoga,
S1%khya Yoga Ved1nta
They are also known as Indian orthodox (i.e. accepted by Hinduism) systems of philosophy.
vide also Tattva Cintana
S1dhaka
Lit. 'efficient, effective'
Adept, spiritual aspirant practicing S1dhana
According to Gandharva Tantra a competent S1dhaka should be Dak=a (intelligent), Jitendriya
(having senses under control), Sarv1hi%s1 Vinirmukta (free from injuring all creatures),
Sarvapr19ihita Rata (doing always good to all beings), !stika (believer in Veda-s),
Veda )uci
)uci (pure),
Brahmav1d2 (with faith in Brahman).
Brahman In the Tantra-s
Tantra there are three kinds of S1dhaka-s
S1dhaka viz.
Pa0u,
Pa0u V2ra and Divya,
Divya each one having preponderance over one of the three Gu9a-s.
Gu9a In Yoga-s
Yoga
there are two kinds of S1dhaka-s
S1dhaka viz. Sak1ma and Ni=k1ma.
Ni=k1ma
vide also Tantra )1str1dhik1ra
S1dhana (also S1dhan1)
S1dhan1
Lit. 'leading straight to a goal'
A practice from Yoga,
Yoga Tantra,
Tantra Veda,
Veda etc. with a spiritual aim
The goal of S1dhana is to enable the practitioner as manifestation of )iva )akti at Microcosmic
level (i.e. K=udra
K=udra Brahm198a)
Brahm198a to experience )iva )akti at Macrocosmic level (i.e. Brahm198a)
Brahm198a
where the experience is unlimited.
vide also Tantra S1dhana,
S1dhana Veda S1dhana,
S1dhana Yoga S1dhana
S1dhik1
A female S1dhaka
S1dhu
A holy man, saint; a saintly woman
Sad Vidy1
Sat)
Sat
The knowledge of the reality (Sat
Vidy1 which deals with Asat as the cause of Sat,
Sat as the
knowledge imparted by sage Udd1laka to his son )vetaketu.
135

Sagarbha Sahita Pr191y1ma
vide Sahita Kumbhaka
Sagu9a
With quality as attribute
Sagu9a and Nirgu9a apply to a wide range of descriptions where the subjects can be with or
without qualities or attributes, like Dev2 being in Her Sagu9a or Nirgu9a aspects or Brahman.
Brahman
The concept applies to any reality with attributes (as Sagu9a)
Sagu9a or without attributes (as Nirgu9a).
Nirgu9a
Sagu9a Brahman
The Universal Spirit possessing qualities
vide also Brahman,
Brahman !nandamaya Vidy1,
Vidy1 Dv1tri%0at Vidy1
Sagu9op1sana
The contemplation of objects as an introduction to meditation
vide also Up1sana
Up1sana, Nirgu9op1sana
Sahaja
Lit. 'original, natural'
The stage of Self-realization
vide also J61na,
J61na Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi Vidy1
Sahajol2 Mudr1
A variant of Vajrol2 Mudr1 practiced by a female Yog2 (i.e. Yogin2)
Yogin2
S1ham
Lit. 'She I am'
A Mantra to identify oneself with )akti
vide also Soham
Sahas
Lit. 'power, strength'
In the Veda-s
Veda the power to overcome the ignorance
vide also M1rga02r=a
Sahasr1ra Cakra (known also as Soma Cakra)
Cakra
Cakra),
Cakra the most important Cakra in the human body where the highest
The thousand-petals lotus (Cakra
level of consciousness is experienced
The awakening of this Cakra enables one to leave the body in full consciousness as the level of
awareness is Satyaloka.
Satyaloka The "one thousand" is just symbolic of a number, practically this Cakra
has unlimited extensions and all the potentialities of the consciousness as !k1ra and Nir1k1ra.
Nir1k1ra
vide also Jyotirli^ga,
Jyotirli^ga Ku98alin2,
Ku98alin2 Meru,
Meru Kail1sa
Sahita Kumbhaka
Lit. 'supported Kumbhaka'
A Pr191y1ma technique in which the ratio between P3raka,
P3raka Kumbhaka and Recaka is 1:4:2,
therefore based mainly on Kumbhaka but supported also by P3raka and Recaka
136
S
Known also as Sahita Pr191y1ma it is of two kinds viz. Sagarbha (with repetition of Mantra-s)
Mantra
and Nigarbha (without repetition of Mantra-s).
Mantra Sahita Kumbhaka leads to Kevala Kumbhaka
therefore the awakening of Ku98alin2 )akti.
)akti
Sahodara
Lit. 'born of the same womb'
A sister or brother
)aiva
A follower of )iva and kind of philosophical tradition in India in which the male principle is
paramount
Sakala
With parts
Sak1ma
With desire
Sak1ma S1dhaka
Kind of Yoga practitioner known also as Sa%s1r2 concerned mainly with the first two of the
Puru=1rtha-s
Puru=1rtha i.e. K1ma and Artha
Sakara
With form, manifested
S1khya
Friendship; one of the nine A^ga-s
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga as the devotional act of friendship, also one of
the Rasa-s
Rasa
S1kin2
The )akti residing in the Vi0uddhi Cakra
)akra
Courage as one of the twelve !ditya-s
ditya
S1k=i
Witness
vide also Dra=7a
S1k=ibh1va
Attitude of a witness
S1k=i)
S1k=i is the Universal Consciousness (Cit
The real witness (S1k=i Cit).
Cit By practicing S1k=ibh1va
S1k=ibh1va a
S1dhaka is on the same side with the real witness. The practical manner is to reserve approx. 1%
of the conscious activity of the brain to witness what the other 99% does.
vide also Dra=7a,
Dra=7a !tmadra=7a
)1kta
A follower (worshipper) of )akti known also as )aktip3jaka;
)aktip3jaka kind of philosophical tradition in
India in which the female principle is paramount
)akti
Lit. 'power, energy'
137
vide )iva )akti

Energy as manifested form taken by )iva as Power-Holder ()aktim1n
)aktim1n)
)aktim1n
As manifestation )akti is the vibration of any frequency in the three R3pa-s
R3pa possessing all aspects
of life from beneficial to malefic, sensual to sublime, creative to destructive. There are three kinds
)akti-s)
)akti namely Pr19a )akti,
of energies ()akti )akti Manas )akti and !tma )akti, )akti i.e. pranic, mental and
spiritual energies.
)akti B2ja
vide Hr2%
)aktic1lan2 Mudr1 (or )aktic1lan1)
)aktic1lan1
The awakening of )akti Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
)aktik37a
One group (section) of Pa6cada02 presided over by Soma
)aktim1n )akti
The Power-Holder and Power
The Power-Holder is )iva and the Power is )akti. There is nor )iva without )akti or )akti
without )iva,
)iva they are One as the static aspect (i.e. )iva)
)iva and the moving (kinetic) aspect (i.e.
)akti) Sat).
)akti of the same Reality (Sat
Sat
)akti P3j1
)akti worship
)akti0odhana
)akti0odhana
The ritual of purification of the woman representing )akti in )akti P3j1 practice.
)aktitattva
The Tattva of )akti
)akti Up1san1
Female worship
)aktiv2ra
A male partner of a woman who represents )akti pertaining the )akti worship ritual (i.e. )akti
P3j1)
P3j1
)akuna )1stra
vide )akuna Tantra
)akuna Tantra
The doctrine (science) of omens
It is known also as )akuna Upade0a ()akunopade0a
)akunopade0a)
)akunopade0a or )akuna )1stra. A part of Tantra,
Tantra the
)akuna Tantra deals with nature's warnings of forthcoming events. The power of correct
interpretation of these warnings is called Lak=a9a Siddhi. The warnings are hidden symbols of
Prak4ti's
Prak4ti messages.
vide also Lak=ana,
Lak=ana Lak=ana Siddhi
138
S
)akunopade0a
vide )akuna Tantra
)alabh1sana
The locust !sana
)1lagr1ma
A sacred stone worshipped by Vai=9ava-s
Vai=9ava
The black stone containing a fossil ammonite is found near the )1lagr1ma village on the river
Ga9dak2 in Nepal. Its name comes from the )1l trees (Vatica Robusta) which grow in the area.
The black ammonite falls into the river from the mountain Ga9dak2 (which according to
Bh1gavata Pur19a,
Pur19a Vi=9u had transformed himself). The )1lagr1ma believed to be pervaded by
the presence of Lord Vi=9u is the most sacred object of Vai=9ava-s
Vai=9ava having the same status as
)ivali^ga for )aiva-s.
)aiva
S1lajja
Lit. 'granting modesty'
The city of Brahm1 in the Brahmaloka representing the experiences of the world of Brahm1,
Brahm1 as
various Rasa-s
Rasa as sentiments
The devotee has to raise above these kinds of experiences (vide Parya^ka Vidy1)
Vidy1 by a Dra=7a
attitude.
vide also S1k=ibh1va
S1lokya
Lit. 'same world'
The state in which the devotee lives on the same plane with the Divine
vide also !tma Rati
)am
Lit. 'contentment, peace'
Auspiciousness as a name of )iva
Sam1dhi
Lit. 'union with the Lord'
Awareness as states of consciousness (transcending the mind eventually) in which any duality will
J2v1tma)
J2v1tma of a Dra=7a merges with the cosmic Self
disappear gradually and the individual Self (J2v1tma
Param1tm1)
Param1tm1
(Param1tm1
In Yoga,
Yoga Sam1dhi is one of the eight A^ga-s
A^ga of the A=71^ga Yoga of Pata6jali Pata6jali.
jali Through
Sam1dhi, Nirliptat1 is obtained. There are only two categories of Sam1dhi viz. Sab2ja and
Sam1dhi
Nirb2ja,
Nirb2ja other kinds such as Sampraj61ta,
Sampraj61ta Asampraj61ta are only intermediate states of
Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi There are also Sam1dhi-s
Sam1dhi as a result of particular kinds of Yoga practices like Bhakti
Yoga Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi R1ja Yoga Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi Laya Siddhi Yoga Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi Dhy1na Yoga Sam1dhi, Sam1dhi
N1da Yoga Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi Ras1nanda Yoga Sam1dhi as stated in Ghera98a Sa%hit1 work. The
Sam1dhi concept has to be seen as the experience of awareness therefore it has limitless aspects.
vide also Sam1patti,
Sam1patti Nira6jan1,
Nira6jan1 Samarasa
Sam1dhi Pari91ma
Transformation of consciousness as one of the three Pari91ma-s
Pari91ma
vide also Dharma Pari91ma
139
Sam1dhi Praj61
The higher intelligence possessing a spiritual vision
It is developed as a result of successfully practicing Sampraj61ta Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi
Sam1na
The V1yu which controls digestion into the body
Cakra Sarvak1maprad1,
Sarvak1maprad1 Devasu=i
S1m1nya Homa
The ordinary Homa
Sam1patti
Lit. 'coming together'
The state of merge in various stages of individual identity with cosmic identity known in Yoga
S3tra as the merge of Grah2t4,
Grah2t4 Graha9a,
Graha9a Gr1hya.
Gr1hya
This is a state preliminary to Sam1dhi. Both Sam1patti and Sam1dhi employ the same process,
however Sam1patti deals with an impure mind, but Sam1dhi arises in a pure mind, therefore its
!vara9a).
!vara9a After purification of the
perception is much more advanced by the removal of covering (!vara9a
mind Sam1patti graduates into Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi
vide also Samarasa
Samarasa (also Samarasatva)
Samarasatva
The experience of unity in Tantric practices, a state parallel to Sam1dhi in Yoga
vide also Maithuna
Samarpa9a
The act of offering
Samastavidy1
The Sth3la (gross) worship of Dev2
Samatva (also Samat1)
Samat1
Balance, equanimity
S1ma Veda
The Veda of chanting, one of the four Veda Sa%hit1-s
Sa%hit1
Samaya
Traditional custom
Samaya also means the five books of Sanaka,
Sanaka Sanandana,
Sanandana Sanatkum1ra,
Sanatkum1ra )uka and Vasi=7ha
because they describe the traditional custom, therefore the traditional custom of Samaya becomes
Samaya doctrine.
vide also )ubh1gama Pa6caka
Samayana
The state of emptiness, equanimity and mental tranquillity
In this state the cognitive, cognative and volitional functions cease to exist.
)1%bhav2 Mudr1
140
S
The consort of )a%bhu Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s

Bandha
vide also Jyoti=mat2,
yoti=mat2 Bhr3madhya,
Bhr3madhya !j61 Cakra
)a%bhu
Lit. 'causing happiness’
A name of )iva
Sa%dhy1
The twilight prayer
Sa%h1ra
A work of dissolution
vide also M3la Triko9a,
Triko9a S4=7i
Sa%h1rakrama
Going towards dissolution, a synonym for Layakrama
Sa%hit1
A collection of writings, the main ones being the four Veda-s
Veda
S1m2pya
The state in which the devotee realizes proximity with the Divine
vide also !tma Rati
Sa%kalpa (also Sa^kalpa)
Sa^kalpa
Resolve, determination, declaration of purpose
A spiritual technique when the practitioner makes a personal declaration of purpose in specific
circumstances like a P3j1 or during Yoga Nidra
)a%kar1c1rya
vide )a^kara
S1%khya (also S1^khya)
S1^khya
Lit. 'number'
Dar0ana
Sa%kr1nti
The passage of the sun the northwards way
vise also Uttar1yana
Uttar1yana
Sa%ny1sa (also Sanny1sa)
Sanny1sa
Lit. 'renunciation of the world'
Renunciation as one of the four !0rama-s;
!0rama a way of investing Karma-s
Karma
There are gradual stages of Sa%ny1sa life starting with Jij61su,
Jij61su then Karma,
Karma Ku7icaka,
Ku7icaka Bahuda,
Bahuda
P3rna, Ha%sa,
P3rna Ha%sa etc., all as various degrees of spiritual life. Bhagavad G2ta says: "Sanny1sa
Sanny1sa
equals investing the Karma-s",
Karma in other words investing own actions for personal and community
development.
Sa%ny1sin (also Sanny1sin,
Sanny1sin Sanny1s2)
Sanny1s2
Lit. 'giving up'
141
Ascetic, one who has renounced all earthly concerns

vide also !0rama,
!0rama Ni=k1ma S1dhaka,
S1dhaka Sv1mi
Samprad1ya
Tradition, belief transmitted from one teacher to another
Sampraj61ta Sam1dhi
Kind of Sam1dhi in which the practitioner is still able to differentiate
vide also Sam1dhi Praj61
Sa%s1ra
Life of transmigration from one birth to another; the life of birth and death as the law of cyclic
spiritual progress
Sa%s1r2
vide Sak1ma S1dhaka
Sa%0aya
The state of doubt as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa
Sa%sk1ra
Latent impression in the Citta as subtle form of V4tti;
V4tti sacramental rite in the Tantra-s
Tantra
The latent impressions as potentialities are the accumulated seeds of consciousness as objective
consciousness of past experiences which survive up to the state of Nirb2ja Sam1dhi.
Sam1dhi There are
multiple layers of Sa%sk1ra-s. Sa%sk1ra-s)
Sa%sk1ra The impressions (Sa%sk1ra Karma).
Sa%sk1ra accompany every action (Karma
Karma
By practicing Sa%yama on own Sa%sk1ra-s
Sa%sk1ra the knowledge of previous births is obtained.
vide also K1ra9a )ar2ra,
)ar2ra Karma,
Karma V1san1,
V1san1 Ni=k1ma Karma
Sa%sk4ta
Lit. 'well done'
The Aryan language, which was standardised by P19ini the great grammarian of the 7th century
BCE
The language is also called Deva Bh1=1 (i.e. the language of gods).
Sa%varga Vidy1
The knowledge of absorption
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 It refers to the correlation between the individual
Pr19a-s and the universal V1yu in which Pr19a-s
Pr19a Pr19a are absorbed. It is also related to the food
Anna)
Anna giving, the individual Pr19a being seen as the food that will be given (therefore absorbed)
(Anna
Vai0v1nara
Vai0v1nara)
to the humankind (Vai0v1na ra seen as the body of V1yu.
Sa%vega
Urge, eagerness
vide also T2vrasa%vega
Sa%vid
Perception
Sa%vit
142
S
Goddess Sa%vit also called Bhairav2;

Bhairav2 the Pure Consciousness synonym with Cit
vide also Cittasa%vit
Sa%yagdar0ana
The perfect vision that enables the devotee to dispel darkness and avoid Punarjanma (rebirth)
Sa%yama
The state when Dh1ra91,
Dh1ra91 Dhy1na and are Sam1dhi are applied together as three consecutive
stages towards J61na,
J61na a state of mental control over the applied awareness
vide also Siddhi
)a9a
The species of hemp Cannabis Sativa or Crotolaria Juncea
vide also Mekhal1
Sanaka
vide Samaya
Sanandana
vide Samaya
San1tana Dharma
The Eternal Dharma
Sanatkum1ra
One of Brahm1's
Brahm1 sons
vide also Janarloka, Samaya
Sa^cita Karma
Past actions not yet manifested, a synonym to Nirupakrama Karma
)198ilya Vidy1
The knowledge of )198ilya
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 refers to the Soul (in the heart) as Pr1j6a in the
K1ra9a )ar2ra. The meditation is on the Soul expending and contracting in the centre of the heart
H4d).
H4d
(H4d
Sa^ga
Attachment
vide also Pa6c1gni
)ani
The planet Saturn one of the Navagraha-s
Navagraha
Sa^kalpa (also Sa%kalpa)
Sa%kalpa
Lit. 'determination'
Resolution, a firm affirmation taken in specific yogic technique practices; purpose, desire
vide also Anu=7h1na
143
)a^kara
The author of the celebrated Tantric text Saundaryalahari (eighth century CE) known also as
)a^kar1c1rya or )a%kar1c1rya he is the founder of the ten orders ( Dasn1mi)
Dasn1mi of mendicants in
India
vide also N1ga
Sa^ka71sana
The twister !sana
)a^kha
Conch-shell used for ritual, ornaments or as instrument to produce sounds
)a^khin2
vide Padmin2
)a^khin2 N182
The connected to the left side of the body
Cakra Sarvonm1di92
Sanny1sa
vide Sa%ny1sa
Sanny1sin
vide Sa%ny1sin
)1nta
Peacefulness as one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
)1nti
Peacefulness as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
)1ntikarma
Lit. 'action of peace'
+a7karma giving protection from the evil influences of planets and curses by others,
or removes diseases and dispels fears bringing peace and happiness
This +a7karma will counterbalance the ill effects of the others five malefic magical rites, therefore
bringing the Tantric concept of polarity into effect.
Santo=a
Contentment as one of the five Niyama-s
Niyama
Santo=aprati=7h1
A state in which Santo=a is firmly established
A Yog2 possessing Santo=aprati=7h1 becomes very happy.
Saptabh3mi
The seven upper worlds
In the human body they correspond to the seven Cakra-s.
Cakra
vide also Loka
Sapta
Sapta Dh1tu
144
S
vide Dh1tu
Sapta4=i
The seven seers
In astronomy the seven $=i-s
$=i are the seven stars viz. Mar2ci (or Marut),
Marut Atri,
Atri A^giras,
A^giras Pulastya,
Pulastya
Pulaha,
Pulaha Kratu and Vasi=7ha of the constellation Ursa Major.
vide also Brahm1
Sarasvat2
Lit. 'she who is full of inspiration'
Consort of Lord Brahm1;
Brahm1 name of a river (vide Pray1ga and Trive92)
Trive92 in the Veda-s
Veda
As a personification of Praj6a,
Praj6a Sarasvat2 presides over arts and eloquence, wisdom and learning.
vide also $g Veda
Sarasvat2 N182
The N182 connected to the left shoulder
Cakra Sarv1rthas1dha92
)ar2ra
Body, frame
There are there bodies as states of consciousness viz. Sth3la (gross), S3k=ma (subtle) and K1ra9a
(causal). They are represented in the Tantra-s
Tantra in the form of the three types of )ivali^ga-s
)ivali^ga and
experienced through the five Ko0a-s
Ko0a as different vibrations of energy. Beyond these three bodies
there is the Mah1 K1ra9a )ar2ra,
)ar2ra their source associated with Tur2ya state.
)1r2ra
The Soul in the Sth3la )ar2ra (gross body)
vide also J2v1tman
J2v1tman
)ar2r1kar=i92
The attractive power of )ar2ra
Sar=7i
The state in which the devotee realizes the knowledge of the Divine
vide also !tma Rati
Sar3pa
With form
S1r3pya
The state in which the devotee realizes same form with the Divine
vide also !tma Rati
Sarv1dh1rasvar3pi92
The one in the form of all supports
In the human gross body corresponds to the J17har1gni of K=1raka
145
Sarvadu5khavimoci92
The remover of all sufferings
In the human subtle body corresponds to N1ga V1yu.
Sarvadvandvak=aya^kar2
The destroyer of duality
In the human subtle body corresponds to Su=umn1 N182.
vide also Sarvasaubh1gyad1yaka Cakra
Sarvahl1di92
The delighter of all
In the human subtle body corresponds to V1ru92 N182.
N182
Sarvai0varyaprad1
The giver of all sovereignty (authority)
In the human subtle body corresponds to J17har1gni of )o=aka.
)o=aka
Sarvaj61
The one who knows all
In the human gross body corresponds to J17har1gni of Recaka.
Recaka
Sarvaj61namay2
The one full of all knowledge
In the human gross body corresponds to J17har1gni of D1haka.
D1haka
Sarvaj4mbhi92
The releaser of all
In the human subtle body corresponds to Payasvin2 N182.
N182
Sarvak1maprad1
The giver of all desires (wants)
In the human subtle body corresponds to Sam1na V1yu.
V1yu
Sarvakar=i92
The one who attracts all
In the human subtle body corresponds to Vi0vodar1 N182.
N182
Sarvama^gal1
146
S

)akti
The B2ja Mantra is Sva%.
Sva%
Sarvama^gal1k1ri92
The one bringing all auspicious things
In the human subtle body corresponds to Ud1na V1yu.
V1yu
Sarvamantramay2
Consisting of all Mantra-s
Mantra
In the human subtle body corresponds to Pi^gal1 N182.
N182
Sarvam4tyupra0ama92
The one bringing to a state of peace the indication of death
In the human subtle body corresponds to K3rma V1yu.
V1yu
Sarv1nandamaya Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel consisting entirely of bliss'
The Red Central Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presiding by Mah1tripur1sundar2 )akti (La
Lalit1
Lalit1)
lit1
It is also known as Binduma98ala Cakra.
Cakra Here is where Dev2 Lalit1 as supreme K1me0var2 is
united with Her Lord Kame0vara in the state of supreme union of Sat Cit !nanda in U882y1na
P27ha.
P27ha It is represented as three Bindu-s
Bindu (points), the one above representing the face, the two
below representing the breasts. Meditation on this Cakra brings the identity of the S1dhaka with
Lalit1.
Lalit1
vide also Par1bindu,
Par1bindu Bindu
Sarv1nandamay2
The one full of all bliss
In the human gross body corresponds to the J17har1gni of K=obhaka.
Sarv1^gasundar2
The one beautiful in all limbs
In the human subtle body corresponds to Devadatta V1yu.
V1yu
Sarvap1pahar1
The dispeller of all evil
In the human gross body corresponds to the J17har1gni of Udg1raka.
Sarvapriya%kar2
The doer of what is liked by all
In the human subtle body corresponds to Vy1na V1yu.
V1yu
147

Sarvapsitaphalaprad1
The giver of the fruit of all wants
In the human gross body corresponds to the J17har1gni of Mohaka.
Sarvarak=1kara Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel protecting all'
The ten Blue Triangles Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presided by Tripuram1lin2 )akti
The )akti-s
)akti to be worshipped in this Cakra are the deities of protection namely Sarvaj61,
Sarvaj61
Sarva0aktiprad1,
Sarva0aktiprad1 Sarvai0varyaprad1,
Sarvai0varyaprad1 Sarvaj61namay2,
Sarvaj61namay2 Sarvavy1dhivin10in2,
Sarvavy1dhivin10in2
Sarv1dh1rasvar3pi92,
Sarv1dh1rasvar3pi92 Sarvap1pahar1,
Sarvap1pahar1 Sarv1nandamay2,
Sarv1nandamay2 Sarvarak=1svar3pi92,
Sarvarak=1svar3pi92
Sarvapsitaphalaprad1.
Sarvapsitaphalaprad1 In the human subtle body they are manifestations of Sam1na V1yu
within the Manip3ra Cakra as Vahnikal1 (vital fire). The ten functions of Vahnikal1 manifest as
ten J17har1gni-s
J17har1gni in the gross body (vide J17har1gni).
J17har1gni
Sarvarak=1svar3pi92
The one in the form of all protections
In the human gross body corresponds to the J17har1gni of J4mbhaka.
Sarvara6ja92
The one pleasing (charming) to all
In the human subtle body corresponds to P3=1 N182.
N182
Sarvarogahara Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel removing all sickness'
The eight Red Triangles Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presided by Tripurasiddh1 )akti
The )akti-s
)akti to be worshipped in this Cakra are the deities of mental expressions (V1gdev2 V1gdev2-s)
V1gdev2
namely Va0in2,
Va0in2 K1me02,
K1me02 Modin2,
Modin2 Vimal1,
Vimal1 Aru91,
Aru91 Jayin2,
Jayin2 Sarve02
Sarve02 (or Sarve0var2)
Sarve0var2 and
Kaulin2.
Kaulin2 In the human mind they manifest as Devat1-s
Devat1 of two sets of polarities i.e. )2ta (calm) and
U=9a (ardent), Sukha (delighted) and Du5kha (distressed), Icch1 (wish) and the three Gu9a-s Gu9a
namely Sattva (equilibrium), Rajas (activity), Tamas (inertia). At this stage the S1dhaka is able
to achieve Sarvarogahara, Dvandva-s),
Sarvarogahara the curing of all ills by overcoming the opposites (Dvandva
Dvandva the
Icch1)
individual self as will (Icch1 Gu9a-s),
Icch1 and the qualities (Gu9a
Gu9a the essence of the Self being beyond all.
Sarv1rtha
Sarv1rtha
Lit. 'all accomplishments'
A yogic state when the mind (as Citta)
Citta becomes pure
Thus it allows the combined experience of Dra=7a and D40ya (i.e. the subject and the object of
awareness) which Citta is able to reflect.
vide also V1san1
Sarv1rthas1dhaka
Sarv1rthas1dhaka Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel creating all prosperity'
The Ten Red Triangles Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presided by Tripura0r2 )akti
148
S
The )akti-s
)akti to be worshipped in this Cakra are the deities of accomplishments namely
Sarvasiddhiprad1,
Sarvasiddhiprad1 Sarvasampatprad1,
Sarvasampatprad1 Sarvapriya%kar2
Sarvapriya%kar2,
%kar2 Sarvama^gal1kari92,
Sarvama^gal1kari92
Sarvak1maprad1,
Sarvak1maprad1 Sarvadu5khavimoci92,
Sarvadu5khavimoci92 Sarvam4tyupra0ama92,
Sarvam4tyupra0ama92 Sarvavighaniv1ri92,
Sarvavighaniv1ri92
Sarv1^gasundar2,
Sarv1^gasundar2 Sarvasaubh1gyad1yi92.
Sarvasaubh1gyad1yi92 In the subtle body they correspond to the ten V1yu-
V1yu
s viz. Pr19a,
Pr19a Ap1na,
Ap1na Vy1na,
Vy1na Ud1na,
Ud1na Sam1na,
Sam1na N1ga,N1ga K3rma,
K3rma K4kara
K4kara, Devadatta,
Devadatta
Dhana6jay1.
Dhana6jay1
vide also V1yu
Sarv1rths1dha92
The one who accomplishes all material gains
In the human subtle body corresponds to Sarasvat2 N182.
N182
Sarva0aktiprad1
The giver of all powers
In the human gross body corresponds to the J17har1gni of Pacaka.
Sarv10a%k=obha9a Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel agitating all'
The Eight-petals Red Lotus Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presided by Tripur1sundar2 )akti
The )akti-s
)akti to be worshipped on the petals are the deities who agitate the mind viz.
Ana^gakusum1, Ana^gamekhal1,
Ana^gakusum1 Ana^gamekhal1 Ana^gamadan1,
Ana^gamadan1 Ana^gamadan1tur1,
Ana^gamadan1tur1 Ana^garekh1,
Ana^garekh1
Ana^gavegan2,
Ana^gavegan2 Ana^gamadan1^ku01 and Ana^gam1lin2.
Ana^gam1lin2 They correspond to the human
expressions and attitudes of Vacana,
Vacana Upek=a,
Upek=a !nanda,
!nanda Gamana,
Gamana H1na,
1na Visarga,
Visarga !d1na and
Up1d1na.
Up1d1na
Sarvasa%k=obhi92
The agitator of all
In the human subtle body corresponds to Ala%bus1 N182.
N182
Sarvasa%mohi92
The one who can delude all (everything)
In the human subtle body corresponds to Hastijihv1 N182.
N182
Sarvasampatprad1
The giver of all material gains
In the human subtle body corresponds to Ap1na V1yu.
V1yu
Sarvasampattip3ra92
The one who can fulfil and satisfy all
In the human subtle body corresponds to I81 N182.
N182
Sarv101paripuraka Cakra
149
Lit. 'the wheel fulfilling all desires'

The Sixteen-petals Blue Lotus Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presided by Tripure0i (+oda02
+oda02)
+oda02 )akti
The )akti-s
)akti to be worshipped on the petals are the deities of attraction viz. K1m1kar=i92
Buddhy1kar=i92,
Buddhy1kar=i92 Aha%k1r1kar=i92,
Aha%k1r1kar=i92 )abd1kar=i92,
)abd1kar=i92 Spar01kar=i92,
Spar01kar=i92 R3p1kar=i92,
R3p1kar=i92
Ras1kar=i92,
Ras1kar=i92 Gandh1kar=i92,
Gandh1kar=i92 Cittakar=i92,
Cittakar=i92 Dhairy1kar=i92,
Dhairy1kar=i92 Sm4ty1kar=i92,
Sm4ty1kar=i92 N1m1kar=i92,
N1m1kar=i92
B2j1kar=i92,
B2j1kar=i92 !tm1kar=i92,
!tm1kar=i92 Am4t1kar=i92 and )arir1kar=i92.
)arir1kar=i92 These attractive powers as
manifestations of M1y1,
M1y1 veil the consciousness. In the human body they are experienced through
the five Bh3ta-s,
Bh3ta the five J61nendriya-s,
J61nendriya the five Karmendriya-s
Karmendriya and Manas.
Manas
Sarvasaubh1gyad1yaka Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel granting every happiness'
The Fourteen Blue Triangles Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presided by Tipurav1sin2 )akti
The )akti-s
)akti to be worshipped in this Cakra are the deities granting all that is auspicious viz.
Sarvasa%k=obhi92, Sarvavidr1vi92,
Sarvasa%k=obhi92 Sarvavidr1vi92 Sarvakar=i92,
Sarvakar=i92 Sarvahl1di92,
Sarvahl1di92 Sarvasa%mohin2,
Sarvasa%mohin2
Sarvastambhi92,
Sarvastambhi92 Sarvaj4mbhi92,
Sarvaj4mbhi92 Sarvava0a^kar2,
Sarvava0a^kar2 Sarvara6ja92,
Sarvara6ja92 Sarvonm1di92,
Sarvonm1di92
Sarv1rthas1dha92,
Sarv1rthas1dha92 Sarvasampattip3ra92,
Sarvasampattip3ra92 Sarvamantramay2,
Sarvamantramay2 Sarvadvandvak=aya^kar2.
Sarvadvandvak=aya^kar2
They correspond with the fourteen main N182-s S3k=ma )ar2ra)
N182 in the human body (S3k=ma )ar2ra namely
Ala%bus1,
Ala%bus1 Kuh3,
Kuh3 Vi0vodar1,
Vi0vodar1 V1ru92,
V1ru92 Hastijihv1,
Hastijihv1 Yo0ovat2,
Yo0ovat2 Payasvin2,
Payasvin2 G1ndh1r2,
G1ndh1r2 P3=1,
P3=1
)a^khin2,
)a^khin2 Sarasvat2,
Sarasvat2 I81,
I81 Pi^gal1,
Pi^gal1 Su=umn1.
Su=umn1
Sarvasaubh1gyad1yi92
The giver of all good fortunes
In the human subtle body corresponds to Dhana6jay1
Dhana6jay1 V1yu.
Sarvasiddhiprad1
The giver of all that is perfect
In the human subtle body corresponds to Pr19a V1yu.
Sarvasiddhiprada Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel granting all miraculous powers'
The White Central Triangle Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presided by Tripur1mb1 )akti
It is also known as Triko9a Cakra,
Cakra Yonima98ala Cakra,
Cakra M3la Triko9a Cakra.
Cakra At the corners of
the triangle are the )akti-s
)akti to be worshipped in this Cakra,
Cakra the !vara9a Devat1-s
Devat1 namely
K1me0var2,
K1me0var2 Vajre0var2 and Bhagam1lin2 presiding over the three principles of existence (
Avyakta,
Avyakta Aha%k1ra and Mahat).Mahat The corners of the triangles are the three P27ha-s
P27ha namely
K1mar3pa,
K1mar3pa P3r9agiri and J1landhara as symbols of creation. Outside the triangle there are the
three !yudha Devat1-s
Devat1 presiding over the weapons of Dev2 Lalit1.
Lalit1
vide also Catu=p27ha
Sarvastambhi92
The one who can arrests (restrain) all
In the human subtle body corresponds to Ya0ovat2 N182.
N182
Sarvava0a^kar2
Sarvava0a^kar2
The controller of all
150
S
In the human subtle body corresponds to G1ndh1r2 N182.

N182
Sarvavidr1vi92
The chaser of all
In the human subtle body corresponds to Kuh3 N182.
N182
Sarvavighaniv1ri92
Sarvavighaniv1ri92
The one overcoming all obstacles
In the human subtle body corresponds to K4kara V1yu.
Sarvavy1dhivin10in2
The destroyer of all diseases
In the human gross body corresponds to the J17har1gni of Pl1vaka.
vide also Sarvarak=1kara
Sarvarak=1kara Cakra
Sarve02
The active one
V1gdev2 corresponding to the mental quality of Rajas
Sarve0var2
vide Sarvarogahara Cakra
Sarvonm1di92
The intoxicator of all
In the human subtle body corresponds to )a^khin2
)a^khin2 N182.
N182
S1=71^ga Pra91ma
Prostration of the six limbs
)1stra
Scripture
vide also Tantra
Sat
Being; existence; reality
The Veda-s Ekem Sat Vipr1
Veda say: The Reality is one, the wise speak of It in different ways (Ekem
Bahudh1 Vadanti
Vadanti)
adanti
vide Sat Cit !nanda,
!nanda )iva )akti,
)akti Svar3pa
+a7 Cakra Bheda
Piercing the six Cakra-s Nirvana)
Cakra as a process towards attaining spiritual liberation (Nirvana
Nirvana
Sat Cit !nanda
151
The triad Existence-Consciousness-Bliss, a state reached through Dharmamegha Sam1dhi as the

experience of united attributes of !tman
It is a parallel concept with the Indra Agni Soma from the Veda-s
Veda (vide Indra Agni Soma
S3rya) therefore the Dharmamegha Sam1dhi becomes the J61na,
S3rya J61na in Vedic terms is a S3rya
expression.
vide Saccid1nanda,
Saccid1nanda Tad1k1r1patti
Tad1k1r1patti
Sat2
A spouse of )iva
vide Dev2,
Dev2 P27ha
+a7karma
Lit. 'six actions'
The six magical rites in the Tantra-s;
Tantra the six yogic processes of purification
The +a7karma-s
+a7karma as magical rites are )1ntikarma,
)1ntikarma Stambha9akarma,
Stambha9akarma Va0ikara9akarma,
Va0ikara9akarma
Vidve=a9akarma, Ucc17anakarma
Vidve=a9akarma Ucc17anakarmaand
17anakarma M1ra9akarma.
M1ra9akarma They are associated with specific deities,
B2ja Mantra-s,
Mantra gross elements, colours or compass directions. The S1dhan1 of the five malefic
magical rites is considered to be a lower form of spirituality and such practices are not a vehicle of
enlightenment.
As yogic processes of purification, the +a7karma-s
+a7karma are Dhauti,
Dhauti Basti,
Basti Neti,
Neti Nauli,
Nauli Tr17aka and
Kap1labh1ti. Their practice results in acquiring )odhana.
Kap1labh1ti )odhana
vide also Nigrahahoma,
Nigrahahoma Yogam1y1 S1dhana
Satk1ryav1da
In S1%khya the concept that every K1rya potentially exists in its K1ra9a
Satsa^ga
A gathering to discuss spiritual themes
Sattva
Lit. 'reality; true essence'
The quality of purity, equilibrium and rhythm
It is one of the three Gu9a-s
Gu9a
Cakra Sarve02
Sattvasa%0uddhi
Sattvasa%0uddhi
Purity of the heart as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Sattva Tapas
The purification of Sattva Gu9a
vide also Tapas
Sattya% )iva% Sundara%
Truth Bliss Beauty
Satya
Lit. 'true; pure'
The quality of being true as one of the five Yama-s
Yama and one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
152
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Satyak1ma Vidy1
The knowledge of Satyak1ma
Vidy1 describes the knowledge of Satyak1ma J1b1la
about the four P1da-s
P1da (namely Pr1na,
Pr1na Ak=i,
Ak=i )rava9a and Manas)
Manas leading to the knowledge of
Sagu9a Brahman.
Satyaloka
The highest of the fourteen worlds known also as Brahmaloka
It is the abode of Brahm1,
Brahm1 the heaven of truth and the accomplishment of Viveka
vide Loka,
Loka Sahasr1ra Cakra
Satyaprati=7h1
A state in which Satya is firmly established
A Yog2 possessing Satyaprati=7h1 will have the power to accomplish actions by words or
thoughts.
Satya Yuga
An age of the world consisting of 1,728,000 years
vide Yuga
Saubh1gya
Good fortune, success
)auca
Physical and mental purity as one of the five Niyama-s
Niyama and one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Purity is an essential condition before awakening of energies that will amplify the qualities of
various planes either positive or negative in colour.
vide also )aucaprati=7h1
)aucaprati=7h1
)aucaprati=7h1
A state in which )auca is firmly established
A Yog2 possessing )aucaprati=7h1 develops detachment towards one's own body and non-
attachment to others.
Saumya Homa
Homa for the benefit of a certain person
Saundaryalahar2
vide )a^kara
)a^kara
)ava
Corpse
Savic1r1 Sam1dhi
Lit. 'Sam1dhi with Vic1ra'
A stage of Sam1dhi in which the consciousness is experienced as reflection of the form as state of
Vic1ra
153
vide also Savikalp1 Sam1dhi

From Savic1r1 Sam1dhi onwards the Dra=7a is able to experience Pratyabhij61.
Savikalp1 Sam1dhi
Lit. 'Sam1dhi with Vikalpa'
A Sab2ja form of Sam1dhi in which there is still duality between J61t1 (the One who knows) and
J6eya (object of knowledge) becoming one only in Nirvikalp1 Sam1dhi
Savikalp1 Sam1dhi is of four kinds namely Savitark1,
Savitark1 Savic1r1,
Savic1r1 !nanda and Asmit1 as
experiences with a form of Vikalpa.
Vikalpa
Savitark1 Sam1dhi
Lit. 'Sam1dhi with Vitarka'
The first stage of Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi a state when consciousness alternates between )abda (as word), Artha
(as object of senses) and J61na (as meaning), as expression of Vitarka state
vide also Savikalp1 Sam1dhi
Savit4
S3rya,
S3rya the Sun God; power as one of the twelve !ditya-s
!ditya
vide also G1yatr2,
G1yatr2 Savit4 Satyaprasava
Savit4 Satyaprasava
Savit4 of continuous virtue or truth
Devas3 an aspect of Savit4
S1vitr2
vide G1yatr2
S1yujya
The state in which the devotee realizes identity with the Divine
vide also !tma Rati
)e=a
vide Ananta
)e=an1ga
vide Ananta
Setu
Bridge
Sev1
Personal service to Guru
Sevaka
Servant; a person engaged in service to God
Siddha
Perfect being; saint; one possessing Siddhi-s;
Siddhi a Yog2 established in Dharmamegha Sam1dhi
Siddh1nt1c1ra
154
S
The final aim doctrine of Tantra

A Tantric path based on meditation performed in an isolated environment.
Siddhap27ha
A symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 denoting perfection; a place where a high spiritual
person attained Siddhi-s
Siddhi
The Catu=p27ha-s
Catu=p27ha (the four P27ha-s)
P27ha are considered to be Siddhap27ha-s
Siddhap27ha as well.
Siddh1rtha
Lit. 'one who has fulfilled the goal'
A name of Buddha Gautama
Siddh1sana
The perfect !sana
Siddhaugha
Lit. 'the perfect teachers'
Three aspects of )iva as part of Navan1tha-
Navan1tha-s represented in the human body by the two eyes
Netra) Upastha)
Netra and the genital organ (Upastha
(Netra Upastha
The Siddhaugha-s
Siddhaugha are )r2 J61n1nanda, )r2 Saty1nanda and )r2 P3r91nanda.
Siddhi
Power resulting from Yoga;
Yoga power of intellect
There are eight major Siddhi (vide A=7asiddhi)
A=7asiddhi and many minor Siddhi-s
Siddhi viz. Vedha,
Vedha Nidhi,
Nidhi
A6jana, P1duk1,
A6jana P1duk1 Bila,
Bila Kha8ga,
Kha8ga !kar=a9a,
!kar=a9a Va0ya,
Va0ya etc. Their acquisition requires Am4t1p3r9a
Am4t1p3r9a
(purity of mind). Siddhi-s
Siddhi are gifts of Ku98alin2 and it is the consciousness itself through
A6janat1 which identifies with the object, quality or manifestation by using a specific state known
as Sa%yama.
Sa%yama
vide also Utkr1nti,
Utkr1nti Vibh3ti
)ilpi Yog2
A Yog2 artist using art for spiritual growth towards Yoga
Si%h1sana
The lion !sana;
!sana the lion's throne
)irovrata
Lit. 'fire devotion'
The rite of carrying fire on the head as symbol of opening the head to higher consciousness
This is also a kind of )aiva initiation (according to S3ta Sa%hit1).
Sa%hit1
vide also Vrata
)i=ya
(from the Sanskrit root )1s i.e. to teach)
Lit. 'one who is to be taught'
Disciple of spiritual teaching
vide also Guru
155
)2ta
Lit. 'cold; cool'
The mental activity of being calm, unmoved
vide also Sarvarogahara
Sarvarogahara Cakra, Va0in2
)2t1
The wife of R1ma (vide)
)2tal2
Lit. 'causing coolness'
)2tk1r2
Lit. 'causing the sound )2t'
)2tkrama
Yogic technique of taking water through the mouth and expelling it through the nostrils as one of
the three Kap1labhati-s
Kap1labhati
)iva
Lit. 'in whom all things lie; auspicious'
Lord )iva one of the Hindu trinity as Rudra,
Rudra the destroyer
His various names indicate particular states, qualities and manifestations of the Self in its descent
towards the many. Many of His names are given in the Pura9a-s
Pura9a like Agni,
Agni Padma,
Padma K3rma,
K3rma )iva,
)iva
V1mana,
V1mana etc., as well as in )iva Sahasran1ma (one thousand names of )iva). )iva His abode is
Mount Kail1sa
Kail1sa (vide). Lord )iva promulgates His teachings in works as Y1mala,
Y1mala D1mara,
D1mara )iva
S3tra and Tantra-s.
Tantra He is the first devotee of )r2 Vidy1 and the original Guru (!din1tha !din1tha).
!din1tha As
Rudra,
Rudra )iva brings about the destruction of the ego (Aha%k1ra Aha%k1ra)
Aha%k1ra and transformation. In His
representations )iva's
)iva third eye is a symbol of spiritual wisdom, the tiger skin represents the slain of
the tiger of lust, the snakes are symbol of vital energy.
vide also Brahman,
Brahman Parama0iva,
Parama0iva )iva )akti,
)akti Trim3rti
)ivad3t2
)iva-s
)iva messenger; one of the many names of Dev2
vide also D3t2
)ivali^ga
Lit. ' mark of )iva'
An oval-shaped form representing the pure consciousness of )iva;
)iva the cosmic universal mind
Cid1k10a);
Cid1k10a
(Cid1k10a a symbol of )iva or )iva )akti principle
)ivali^ga-s
)ivali^ga can be of three kinds according to their R3pa-s
R3pa viz. Dh3mrali^ga,
Dh3mrali^ga Itarali^ga and
Jyotirli^ga. At one end of the form is time (K1la
Jyotirli^ga K1la)
K1la representing )iva,
)iva at the other end is space
!k10a)
!k10a representing )akti,
(!k10a )akti in the centre is Bindu,
Bindu the place of union.
vise also Brahm198a
)ivar1tri
)ivar1tri
Lit. ')iva's night'
156
S
A festival in honour of )iva.

)iva Esoterically )ivar1tri is the day when J2va realizes own true nature.
)iva )akti
Dual principal of )iva and )akti
vide also Tantra,
Tantra K=udra Brahm198a,
Brahm198a )aktim1n )akti
)iva )akti is Brahman. From Tantric point of view )iva is time (K1la K1la)
K1la and pure consciousness,
)akti is space (!k10a
!k10a)
!k10a and the kinetic energy of the pure consciousness, i.e. the Absolute as
activity. )ivatattva and )aktitattva are really one as static and kinetic aspects of the same Reality
Sat).
Sat This principle pervades the whole universe as dual form of polarity (vide )ivali^ga for
(Sat
Pi98198a),
Pi98198a )akti takes the main form as Dev2 Ku98alin2 in
symbol). In the human body (Pi98198a
M3l1dh1ra Cakra and )iva as Jyotirli^ga in )ahasr1ra Cakra.
vide also Tantra,
Tantra K=udra Brahma98a,
Brahma98a )aktim1n )akti
)ivatattva
The Tattva of Pure Consciousness (Cit
Cit)
Cit
)ivayog2
A Yog2 follower of )iva
)ivayuvat2
Lit. ')iva's young woman'
The five downwards-pointed triangles representing the )akti in the )r2 Yantra
vide also )r2ka97ha
Skanda
Lit. 'the jumping one'
A name for K1rttikeya,
K1rttikeya the God of war, a son of Lord )iva
)loka
Verse of a sacred text
Smara
Lit. 'loving recollection; love'
One of the names of K1madeva (the God of love) as one who keeps the memory of a love
experience
Smarana
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga as devotional act of remembering the Divine
)ma01na
Cremation ground, crematorium, a place to bury; an oblation to deceased ancestors; a place of
performing certain Tantric practices
Smaya
Pride
vide also Pa6c1gni
Sm4ti
Memory as one of the five Cittav4tti-s
Cittav4tti
157
Sm4ty1kar=i92
The attractive power of Sm4ti
+o8a02
The third of the Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 represents the power of perfection.
+o8a02 is also the sixteen-syllables Mantra which has to be learned from a Guru or might be
revealed to a devotee in various ways.
)odhana
Purification of the body as a result of practicing +a7karma-s
+a7karma as yogic processes of purification
Soham
Lit. 'he I am'
A Mantra to identify oneself with )iva;
)iva the reverse of Ha%sa5
It is also known as Ajap1 G1yatr2.
vide also S1ham,
S1ham Ajap1 Japa
Soma
Lit. 'juice'
The Soma plant and its juice; the drink of gods
Personified as an important Vedic deity Soma is identified with the moon and any form of Am4ta.
Esoterically Soma is the state of happiness and divine intoxication, the !nanda of Sat Cit
!nanda,
!nanda the three attributes of !tman.
!tman
vide also Indra,
Indra Agni,
Agni Soma,
Soma S3rya
Soma Cakra
vide Sahasr1ra Cakra
Soma Rasa
The juice of the Soma plant known also as Am4ta
Somasavana
Lit. 'that which exudes nectar'
vide Parya^ka Vidy1
Soma Vanaspati
Soma the lord of loveliness; the essence of happiness
Devas3 an aspect of Soma.
Sopakrama Karma
The active Karma with fruits in the present
vide also Apar1taj61na,
Apar1taj61na Pr1rabdha Karma
)o=aka
The J17har1gni (digestive fire) of removing the humours (Do=a
Do=a-s)
Do=a
vide also Sarvai0varyaprad1
158
S
Spar0a
Touch
vide Tanm1tra
Spar01kar=i92
The attractive power of Spar0a
Spar0a Sa%vit
Siddhi)
Siddhi
Divine touch as a supernormal power (Siddhi
Spar0atattva
The Tattva of Spar0a
Spho7a
The subtle sound or vibration out of which the world was created
)raddh1
Lit. 'that which holds the truth'
Faith; the quality of being faithful
)r1va9a ( also )rava9a)
)rava9a
The month corresponding to parts of July/ August (vide also M1sa);
M1sa the sense of supernormal
hearing; one of the nine A^ga-s
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga as the devotional act of listening to Holy
Scriptures
vide also Pr1tibha
)r2
Holy
)r2 Cakra
Lit. 'holy wheel'
vide )r2 Yantra
)r2ka97ha
Lit. 'holy desire'
The four upwards-pointed triangles representing the )iva element in the )r2 Cakra.
vide also )ivayuvat2
)r2%
Lak=m2 B2ja Mantra
)r2man Ny1sa Vidy1
The knowledge of consecration to God
A VedaVidy1,
VedaVidy1 one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s
Vidy1 refers to the path of Sa%ny1sa (renunciation) as
leading to the knowledge of Sagu9a Brahman.
Brahman
159
)r2m1t1
The Holy Mother as one of the sacred names of Dev2
)r2 Pura
vide )r2 Yantra
)r2 Vidy1
Holy Science
vide )r2 Yantra
)r2 Vidy1 Mantra
vide Pa6cada02
)r2 Yantra
The most celebrated of all Yantra-s
Yantra it is the graphical representation of S4=7ikrama and its reverse
the Layakrama.
Layakrama Its manifestation is the development and the absorption of the outer universe
Brahm198a)
Brahm198a as well as the inner universe (Pi98198a
(Brahm198a Pi98198a)
Pi98198a on nine levels. The graphical
representation is subject to meditation of various forms, the object of the )r2 Yantra is to realize
the unity of J61t1 (who is Hotra),
Hotra of J61na (which is Arghya)
Arghya and of J6eya (which is Havi).
Havi The
Bindu)
Bindu of the )r2 Yantra is Lalit1.
deity worshipped at the centre (Bindu Lalit1 It is also known as )r2 Cakra,
Cakra
)r2 Pura,
Pura Navayoni Cakra,
Cakra )r2 Vidy1,
Vidy1 etc. The nine levels of Cakra-s
Cakra towards the centre are
Trailokyamohana,
Trailokyamohana Sarv101paripuraka,
Sarv101paripuraka Sarva0a%k=obha9a,
Sarva0a%k=obha9a Sarvsaubh1gyad1yaka,
Sarvsaubh1gyad1yaka
Sarv1rthas1dhaka,
Sarv1rthas1dhaka Sarvarak=1kara,
Sarvarak=1kara Sarvrogahara,
Sarvrogahara Sarvasiddhiprada and
Sarv1nandamaya.
Sarv1nandamaya
)49g1ra
Lit. 'love; the erotic sentiment'
Love as one of the Rasa-s
Rasa (vide)
)rotra
Organ of hearing, the ear
)rotratattva
The Tattva of )rotra
S4=7i
A work of creation
vide also M3la Triko9a,
Triko9a Tantra,
Tantra Sa%h1ra
S4=7i applies also to the creation of the physical universe (Brahm198a
Brahm198a)
Brahm198a as opposed to Pralaya
(dissolution)
S4=7ikrama
Going towards creation
The action opposed to Layakrama.
Layakrama In the )r2 Yantra the direction from Bindu to
Trailokyamohana.
Trailokyamohana
S4=7i Sthiti Sa%h1ra
Creation-preservation-dissolution as manifestation of Trim3rti of )akti expression
)ruti
160
S
Knowledge received by revelation from the Divine

Veda-s
Veda are considered to be )ruti-s
)ruti
Stambha9akarma
Lit. 'action of stopping or arresting'
One of the +a7karma-s,
+a7karma which gives the power of preventing or arresting somebody's bodily or
mental actions
It is one of the five malefic magical rites in the Tantra-s
Tantra
Stana
The female breast
Stanap27ha
Stanap27ha
A symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 in the Stana form
vide also P27ha
Stava
Hymn
Sthairya
Steadiness, firmness, being motionless (same as Sthirat1)
Sthirat1
Sthirat1
Steadiness as a result of practicing Mudr1-s
Mudr1
vide also Sthairya
Sthitapraj6a
Lit. 'firm in wisdom'
A spiritual stage synonym to that of a Jivanmukta,
Jivanmukta or a person who is established in it
Sthiti
A work of preservation
vide also M3la Triko9a
Sth3la
Gross, physical
vide also R3pa
Sth3ladhy1na
The gross form of meditation
Sth3la Karma
Gross action produced by thoughts (vide Karma)
Karma
vide also S3k=ma Karma
Sth3l1k10a
The space pervading the physical (gross) body
Sth3la Karma
Gross action caused by the S3k=ma Karma
161
Sth3la Mah1bh3ta
vide Bh3ta
Sth3la R3pa
Gross form
vide also R3pa
Sth3la )ar2ra
The gross (physical) body
Stotra
Prayer; hymn of spiritual nature
Str2
Woman, female
Str2mantra
A female Mantra (i.e. a Mantra ending with Sv1h1)
Sv1h1
Sty1na
The state of dullness as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa
)ubh1gama Pa6caka
The five authoritative scriptures of Samaya doctrine i.e. Sanaka,
Sanaka Sananda,
Sananda Sanatkum1ra,
Sanatkum1ra
)uka and Vasi=7ha
Subrahma9ya
Lit. 'the one dear to Br1hma9a'
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Udg1t4 priest
Sudar0ana Cakra
Vi=9u’s
Vi=9u discus, as sun’s symbol, and invincible weapon
)uddha Bhakti
Bhakti
The purity of Bhakti as a necessary condition to develop a relationship with God
)uddh10uddhatattva
The pure-impure Tattva-s
Tattva i.e. the seven Tattva-s
Tattva from Mah1tattva down to Puru=atattva (vide
Tattva)
Tattva
)uddhatattva
The pure Tattva-s
Tattva i.e. the five Tattva
Tattva-s from )ivatattva down to )uddhavidy1tattva (vide
Tattva)
Tattva
)uddhavidy1tattva
The Tattva of Kriy1 )akti (the energy of action)
)uddhi
Purification; element of purification as opposed to A0uddhi
vide also Citta0uddhi,
Citta0uddhi Pari0uddhi
Sudh1
162
S
Spiritual nectar as the beverage of the Gods

)3dra
One of the Var9a-s
Var9a in the Vedic tradition consisting of servants
)uka
vide Samaya
Sukha
Lit. 'pleasant, joyful, happy'
The mental activity of being delighted
Cakra Modin2
)ukla Karma
The good Karma as one of the three accumulated Karma-s
Karma
)ukra
Semen virile
vide Dh1tu
)ukra is also the name for the planet Venus (vide Navagraha)
Navagraha as well as the name for the guru of
demonic beings.
S3k=ma
Subtle
S3k=madhy1na
The subtle form of meditation
S3k=ma Karma
Subtle action caused by thoughts (vide Karma)
Karma
vide also Sth3la Karma
S3k=ma R3pa
Subtle form
vide also R3pa
S3k=ma )ar2ra
The subtle body known also as Li^ga )ar2ra
vide )ar2ra
S3k=modaya
The awakening of the subtle plane, a state in which the consciousness is active in the Svapna
condition
S3kta
Lit. 'well said'
Vedic hymn
)3nya
Void
163
)3nya Mudr1
The gesture of the void
)3nyaka
Emptiness
)3ny1ta
Void
Supta
Sleeping
Surabhi Mudr1
The gesture of charming
S3rya
The sun or its deity; the Devat1 of Pi^gal1 N182;
N182 the right nostril
One of the gods of the Vedic trinity, S3rya presides over the sky, while Agni is on the earth and
Indra in the atmosphere. S3rya is also one of the Navagraha-s
Navagraha and the source of energy within all
creatures on earth. Esoterically is the psycho-cosmic principle of light and the experience and
knowledge of consciousness, the immanent Godhead.
vide also Savit4,
Savit4 !ditya,
!ditya Ravi,
Ravi Veda,
Veda Agni S3rya Indra
S3rya Bheda
Lit. 'causing sun expansion'
S3ryadv1ra
S3ryadv1ra
The passage of the sun
S3ry1k10a
The fifth of the Vyoma Pa6caka-s
Pa6caka described as the space of the sun
S3ryakha98a
Group containing Ma9ip3ra and An1hata Cakra-s
Cakra and Vi=9ugranthi
The presiding deity is S3rya,
S3rya the Gu9a is Rajas and corresponds in the cosmic planes to
Maharloka and Janarloka.
Janarloka
S3ryama98ala
Sun's disc
S3rya N182
A synonym for Pi^gal1 N182
)u=ka Basti
The dry Basti as one of the two Basti-s
Basti
Su=umnadv1ra
The passage of Su=umn1
Su=umn1 N182
164
S
The N182 connected to the back of the forehead running along the vertebral column, the passage
for Ku98alin2 )akti
It is the most important N182 in the human subtle body. It is also known as )3nya Padav2,
Padav2
Madhya M1rga,
M1rga etc.
Cakra Sarvadvandvak=aya^kar2,
Sarvadvandvak=aya^kar2 Agni,
Agni Nira6jan1
Su=upti
Su=upti
The Avasth1 of deep sleep associate with a specific V4tti (vide Su=upti V4tti)
V4tti
In this state the J2va consciousness is in the causal body (K1ra9a
K1ra9a )ar2ra)
)ar2ra and the perception of
consciousness is undifferentiated therefore beyond the experiences of J2grat and Svapna states.
!nanda)
!nanda leading to the fourth state called Tur2ya.
This is the state of bliss (!nanda
Su=upti V4tti
The condition of the deep sleep state associated in the mind with the Delta brain waves
vide also Avasth1,
Avasth1 V4tti
Sutalaloka
vide Loka
S3tra
Lit. 'thread'
Aphorism, short sentence or a book of aphorisms (i.e. the author's thoughts hang as beads on a
thread)
Suv2ta (also Suvita)
Suvita
In the Veda-s
Veda the path of prosperity; a happy journey
Svadh1
Lit. 'self-nature'
A Vedic Mantra as expression of the Self
vide also Dhenu
Svadharma
One's own Dharma
Sv1dhi=7h1na Cakra
Lit. 'own residence Cakra'
The Cakra located at the base of the vertebral column where the coccyx bone is situated
This Cakra is associated with the J61nendriya of Jihva,
Jihva the Karmendriya of Upastha
Upastha, the
Tanm1tra of Rasa,
Rasa it is the centre for Vy1na V1yu and the seat of Pr19amaya Ko0a,
Ko0a the level of
awareness is Bhuvarloka.
Bhuvarloka
vide also R1ki92
Sv1dhy1ya
Lit. 'own study'
Study of )1stra-s Niyama-s and one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s;
)1stra as one of the five Niyama Daiv2sampat the
analysis of one's own self; recitation of Mantra-s
Mantra
vide also Up1sana
165
Sv1dhy1yaprati=7h1
A state in which Sv1dhy1ya is practiced and the observation of one's own self experienced
A Yog2 possessing Sv1dhy1yaprati=7h1 will be able to experience the union with a desired
Devat1.
Sv1h1
Lit. 'self-affirmation'
The final word of a Mantra for a goddess
vide also Str2mantra,
Str2mantra Dhenu
Sv1mi (also Sv1min)
Sv1min
Lit. 'master of one's self'
A particular kind of Sanny1sin as result of a specific initiation (D2k=1
D2k=1)
D2k=1
Svapna
Lit. 'dreaming'
The Avasth1 of dreaming associated with a specific V4tti (vide Svapna V4tti)
V4tti
In this state the J2va consciousness is in the subtle body (S3k=ma
S3k=ma )ar2ra)
)ar2ra and the perception is
mental only.
Svapna J61na
The state of conscious dreaming
Svapna V4tti
V4tti
The condition of the dreaming state associated in the mind with the Theta brain waves
vide also Avasth1,
Avasth1 V4tti
Svara
Sound; air breathed through the nostrils; tone in recitation; a note of the musical scale
vide also O%
Svara S1dhana
Kind of S1dhana (practice) using the seven notes of the musical scale, each note being related to
one of the seven major Cakra-s
Cakra
vide also N1da Yoga
Svara Yoga
The Yoga of breathing cycle
Svarga
Leading to heaven
Svarloka
The region between the sun and polar star as Indra
Indra's heaven
Svar3pa
Lit. 'own form'
Sat)
Sat
Essential nature of a deity; the form of Reality (Sat
166
S
)v1sa Pra0v1sa
Lit. 'inspiration-expiration'
The activity of agitated breath
Vik=epasahabh3 it is connected to the Annamaya Ko0a.
Ko0a
Svasti
Happiness; kind of salutation (like "Hail!")
Svastika
A kind of cross as symbol of being auspicious and bringing good luck
It is considered to be a simplified symbol of the sun. As a Mudr1,
Mudr1 it is performed by crossing arms
and hands on chest. For example the folded hands of P1rvat2 (vide).
Svastik1sana
The auspicious !sana
Svayambh3 Li^ga
(from Svayambh3 i.e. self-created)
vide Dh3mra Li^ga
)vetabindu
The point of pure thought (vide Bindu)
Bindu
)vetabindu is one of the three Par1bindu-s
Par1bindu representing the )iva M1y1 as well as the J61na
)akti as manifestations.
)vetaketu
vide Sad Vidy1
Sy1dv1da
The doctrine of probability
)y1ma
Lit. 'of dark or dark-blue complexion'
A name of )iva;
)iva the sacred fig-tree at Pray1ga
167
T
T181g2 Mudr1
The tank Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
Tad1k1r1patti
Lit. 'accomplishment of own form'
The supreme awareness, the highest state of Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi the experience of Sat Cit !nanda or pure
awareness
Tadupar1ga
The reflection of the object in the mind as a cognitive process
vide also Citta
Tal1talaloka
Tal1talaloka
vide Loka
Tamas
Lit. 'darkness, inertia'
The quality of ignorance, inertia and stagnation
It is one of the three Gu9a-s.
Gu9a
Cakra Kaulin2
Tamas Tapas
The purification of Tamas Gu9a
vide also Tapas
T1mb3la
Betel (scientifically known as Piper Betel), an article used in ritual offering
Tamogu9a
The quality of ignorance
vide also Tamas,
Tamas Gu9a
Tanm1tra
Lit. 'element of extension'
Subtle element (essence, quality) of the human body; subtle form of matter; senses
Known also as S3k=ma Mah1 Bh3ta-s,Bh3ta there are five Tanm1tra-s
Tanm1tra namely )abda (sound),
Spar0a (touch), R3pa (form, sight), Rasa (taste, flavour), Gandha (smell, odour), produced from
the Tamas Gu9a of Prak4ti and are parts of the thirty-six Tattva-
Tattva-s. Tanm1tra-s
Tanm1tra are considered to
A9u-s).
A9u
have a subatomic structure and be the constituents of atoms (A9u
vide also B1na,
B1na A9u
Tanm1tra Sam1dhi
Awareness of the senses as a lower stage of Sam1dhi
168
T
Tantra
Lit. 'liberation through extension'
Tan means to extend, stretch, spread; Tra means threefold and stands for liberation, as the path to
(Tan
liberation is threefold. In other words the meaning of the word Tantra is to expand consciousness
and liberate energy, which has the same significance as Brahman in the Veda-s)
Veda
System, doctrine, teaching, science
Some texts equate Tantra with Atharva Veda.
Veda Tantra is considered to be the scripture ()1stra
)1stra)
)1stra of
the Kali Yuga. Many of the Tantra-
Tantra-s called !gama-s
!gama are thought to the world by Lord )iva in the
form of dialogues between Him and Dev2 as Durg1 or P1rvat2. When the dialogue is addressed by
P1rvat2 to )iva,
)iva the form of Tantra is called Nigama. Another form of Tantra is Y1mala.
The doctrine of Tantra emphasizes on unity in duality and duality in unity, the ultimate Reality
)iva as Prak10a aspect) and dynamic ()akti
being both static ()iva )akti as Vimar0a aspect). Tantra treats
five subjects: the creation of the world, the absorption of the world, the worship of gods, the
attainment of desires, the union with the Divine.
The Indian Tantra and other similar practices developed in many parts of the world have evolved
from taboos, superstitions and agricultural rituals of the primitive people. Even the $g Veda
contains chants to ensure success in agriculture. The symbolism of Tantra is in the form of animal
or human figures.
The five systems of Tantra are: Dak=i91c1ra,
Dak=i91c1ra V1m1c1ra,
V1m1c1ra Ved1c1ra, Siddh1nt1c1ra and
Yog1c1ra.
In Tantra seven ways of spiritual life are distinguished namely Ved1c1ra,
Ved1c1ra Vai=9av1c1ra,
Vai=9av1c1ra
)aiv1c1ra, Dak=i91c1ra,
)aiv1c1ra Dak=i91c1ra V1m1c1ra,
V1m1c1ra Siddh1nt1c1ra and Kul1c1ra.
Tantric symbols are found in the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 3000 BCE) on non-Indo-Aryan
origin, however many later Tantric practices are based on Vedic practices (including those from
Upani=ad-s
Upani=ad and Pur19a-s).
Pur19a It can be said there is a closed connection between Tantra
Tantra-s and
Veda-s
Veda as parallel concepts.
Traditionally there are sixty-four Tantra-s
Tantra as mentioned by Sa9kara in his work
Saundaryalahari. The principal sects or branches of Tantra are )aiva-s
)aiva (worshippers of )iva),
)iva
Vai=nava-s
Vai=nava (worshippers of Vi=9u)
Vi=9u and )1kta-s
)1kta (worshippers of )akti).
)akti
Tantra Anu=7h1na
The Anu=7h1na related to practices of Tantra
Tantra S1dhaka
vide S1dhaka
Tantra S1dhana
The practice of Tantra
It covers a very wide range of practices. There are four kinds of initiations in the Tantra S1dhana
namely Pa0y1c1ra,
Pa0y1c1ra V2r1c1ra,
V2r1c1ra Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 and Brahmayoga.
Tantr1sana
Tantric posture using the sexual energy in order to unfold and experience higher awareness
Typical Tantric postures are Cakr1sana,
Cakr1sana Puhapak1sana,
Puhapak1sana Yoni !sana,
!sana Padm1sana,
Padm1sana
Siddh1sana, Viparitarati !sana,
Siddh1sana !sana Rati !sana,
!sana J1nujugm1sana,
J1nujugm1sana Bhag1sana.
Tantra01stra
The doctrine of Tantra
169
Tantra )1str1dhik1ra
Competency for Tantra
It is fully described in Gandharva Tantra (vide S1dhaka for conditions of competency).
vide also Adhik1rin
Tantra Tattva
The principles of Tantra as awareness, meditation and acceptance
Tantr2
The Indian lute or V291
T1ntrika
Lit. 'relating to Tantra'
A follower of the Tantra doctrine
T1pa
Lit. 'pain'
Karma)
Karma
Anxiety accompanying an action (Karma
Taparloka
vide Loka
A Loka inhabited by deified Vair1gin-s,
Vair1gin the level of awareness before Satyaloka.
Tapas (also T1pasya )
(from Tap i.e. to shine, to produce energy)
A process of self-purification as one of the five Niyama-s
Niyama and one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-
Daiv2sampat
s
There are three kinds of Tapas acting on different levels on the human body viz. Sattva Tapas,
Tapas
Rajas Tapas and Tamas Tapas.
Tapas
vide also Loka
T1pasa
Ascetic as practitioner of various Tapas
T1pasprati=7h1
A state acquired by practicing Tapas
A Yog2 possessing Tapasprati=7h1 will have own impurities destroyed and a healthy body.
T1pasya
vide Tapas
T1pasya Anu=7h1na
The Anu=7h1na related to observance of T1pasya-s.
T1pasya
T1r1
The second of the Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 represents the power of spiritual aspiration
T1raka
Lit. 'that which enables to go over'
170
T
The knowledge which liberates; a synonym for Pra9ava;

Pra9ava a name for Brahman as cause of
liberation; a kind of Mudr1
Tarpa9a
A kind of ceremony when libations of water are presented to gods or deceased people in order to
satiate them. Tarpa9a employs also the performance of specific Mantra-s.
Mantra
Tat
Lit. 'that'
The Supreme Reality beyond any identification
Tat Sat
Lit. 'that which is'
Another name for the Supreme Reality
Tattva
Lit. 'essence, reality'
Cosmic principle; true state; essential element
In the Tantra-s
Tantra there are thirty-six Tattva-s
Tattva namely: )ivatattva,
)ivatattva )aktitattva,
)aktitattva Sad10ivatattva,
Sad10ivatattva
@0varatattva, )uddhavidy1tattva,
@0varatattva )uddhavidy1tattva M1y1tattva,
M1y1tattva Kal1tattva,
Kal1tattva Vidy1tattva,
Vidy1tattva R1gatattva,
R1gatattva
K1latattva,
K1latattva Niyatitattva,
Niyatitattva Puru=atattva,
Puru=atattva Prak4titattva,
Prak4titattva Buddhitattva,
Buddhitattva Aha%k1ratattva,
Aha%k1ratattva
Manastattva,
Manastattva )rotratattva
)rotratattva,
otratattva Tvaktattva,
Tvaktattva Netratattva,
Netratattva Jihvatattva,
Jihvatattva Ghr19atattva,
Ghr19atattva V1ktattva,
V1ktattva
Upasthatattva,
Upasthatattva P1yutattva,
P1yutattva P19itattva,
P19itattva P1datattva,
P1datattva )abdatattva,
)abdatattva Spar0atattva,
Spar0atattva R3patattva,
R3patattva
Rasatattva,
Rasatattva Gandhatattva,
Gandhatattva !k10atattva,
!k10atattva V1yutattva,
V1yutattva Tejastattva,
Tejastattva Aptattva,
Aptattva P4thiv2tattva.
P4thiv2tattva
The thirty-six Tantric Tattva-s )uddhatattva),
Tattva are divided into three kinds: pure ()uddhatattva
)uddhatattva pure-impure
)uddh10uddhatattva), !0uddhatattva).
)uddh10uddhatattva and impure (!0uddhatattva
()uddh10uddhatattva !0uddhatattva
Tattva Cintana
Reflection on supreme consciousness as one of the two sides of the Indian philosophy, the other one
being Tattva Dar0ana
Typical forms are the +ad Dar0ana-s
Dar0ana as intellectualised systems to approach the supreme reality
through knowledge.
Tattva Dar0ana
Perception of the supreme consciousness as one of the two sides of the Indian philosophy, the other
one being Tattva Cintana
It is the experiencing of the supreme reality beyond the intellect, a typical form being Nirb2ja
Sam1dhi, i.e. the experience of Nirgu9a Brahman.
Sam1dhi
Tattvaj61na
Knowledge of the reality
Tattv1k10a
The fourth of the Vyoma Pa6caka-s
Pa6caka described as the elemental space
Tattvamasi
Lit. 'that you are'
A celebrated statement from the Ch1ndogya Upani=ad expressing the identity between !tman
and J2v1tman or the potentiality of the human being to be able to identify with the Divine
Tejas
171
Fire, light; form of Agni

vide also Bh3ta
The word Tejas has a wide range of significance (related also to the acquisitions from the fire) like
vital power, magic power, the heating level of the human body, clearness of the eyes, the brightness
of the human body, glow of the body, vitality, brilliance of the mind. Tejas is both the yogic fire
Cidagni).
Cidagni As vigour is one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-
which is the same as the celestial fire (Cidagni Daiv2sampat
s. The esoteric expression of Tejas is the consciousness, in Vedic terms Agni.
Agni
Tejasa
Tejasa
The Soul in the S3k=ma )ar2ra (subtle body)
vide also J2v1tman
Tejastattva
The Tattva of Tejas
Known also as Vahnitattva
Tejom1y1 Puru=a
The mental consciousness in the state of dream as kind of Puru=a in the subconscious mind
Tilaka
A ritual mark on the forehead to designate one's sect
T2rtha
A place of pilgrimage on the banks of a sacred river; a holy place
T2rtha-s
T2rtha could be in outer as well as the inner forms in the human body. Laghu Yoga Vasi=7ha
does mention thirty-six T2rtha-s
T2rtha (holy places) in the body where worship should be performed in
the form of meditation.
T2rtha^kara
Kind of teacher
Titka
Rasa-s)
Rasa
Bitter, one of the essential tastes (Rasa
T2vrasa%vega
Intensity of the eagerness towards spiritual realization
For an aspirant there are three T2vrasa%vega
T2vrasa%vega-s
%vega namely M4du,
M4du Madhya and Adhim1tra.
Adhim1tra
vide also Sa%vega
Toya
Water
vide also Bh3ta
Toyatattva
vide Aptattva
Trailokyamohana Cakra
Lit. 'the wheel enchanting the three worlds'
The Yellow Surround Wheel of the )r2 Yantra presided by Tripur1 )akti
It consists of a square with four gates (forming the plan of earth named Bh3pura)
Bh3pura and three
172
T
Mekhal1),
Mekhal1 the space between forming the Traillokyamohana.
concentric circles, girdles (Mekhal1 Traillokyamohana
Tr17aka
Yogic technique of fixing the eyes on one external or internal object or location as one of the
+a7karma-s
+a7karma
vide also Praty1h1ra
Tret1 Yuga
An age of the world consisting of 1,296,000 years
vide Yuga
Trigu9a
The three Gu9a-s
Gu9a (vide)
Trigu91ti
Beyond the three Gu9a-s
Gu9a
Trigu91tmik1
The Dev2 in the form of Prak4ti as composed of the three Gu9a-s
Gu9a
Triko9a
Lit. 'triangle'
Trik37i
The joining point of the three main N182-s
N182 in the !j6a Cakra
vide also Bhr3madhya
Trim3rti
Lit. 'three forms'
The Hindu Trinity consisting of Brahm1 (the Creator), Vi=9u (the preserver) and Rudra or )iva
(the destroyer, the one who brings transformation)
Brahm1 (Viri6ci
Viri6ci),
Viri6ci Vi=9u (Hari
Hari)
Hari and Rudra (Hara Hara)
Hara are the names for functions of the one
Universal Consciousness operating within ourselves as well as outside the human body. According
to Kubjika Tantra there are not Brahm1,
Brahm1 Vi=9u and Rudra who create, maintain and destroy, but
their )akti-s
)akti as manifestations namely Brahm192,
Brahm192 Vi=9av2 and Rudr192. These three forms of
functions are present in various degrees in any activity. Brahm1 as function should be seen in any
activity of creation and multiplication, Vi=9u in any activity which stops creation but maintains the
already existing status of things, Rudra in any activity which stops creation and destroys the
existing things through absorption. In terms of spiritual evolution Rudra's
Rudra function becomes
essential as the activity of consciously going back to the source of creation and becoming one is
Yoga (union).
vide also S4=7i Sthiti Sa%h1ra
Tripur1
Lit. 'she who is threefold'
An aspect of Dev2
Dev2
The K1lik1 Pur19a says: "She has three angles as well as three circles and her Bh3pura is three-
lined. Her Mantra is said to be of three syllables and She has three aspects. Ku98ali92 energy is
also threefold in order that She may create the three gods, thus since She is everywhere triple, She is
173
called Tripur1".
Tripur1 Tripur1r9ava work says: "Tripur1
Tripur1 means the three N182-s,
N182 Su=umn1,
Su=umn1 I81 and
Pi9gal1, it means also Manas,
Pi9gal1 Manas Buddhi and Citta.
Citta As Dev2 dwells in these She is called Tripur1".
Tripur1
Tripur1 refers also to the three Bindu-s
Bindu at the centre of )r2 Yantra.
Yantra
vide also Trailokyamohana Cakra,
Cakra Bindu,
Bindu Tripur1ntaka
Tripur1 Bhairav2
The sixth of the ten Mah1vidy1-s
Mah1vidy1 represents the power of destruction as the annihilated power of
time of all existence
Tripuram1lin2
The Garlanded Tripur1
Tripur1mb1
The Mother Tripur1
Tripurasiddh1
The Perfect Tripur1
Tripura0r2
The Holy Tripur1
Tripur1sundar2
The Beautiful Tripur1
vide also Sarva0a%k=obha9a Cakra,
Cakra Bindu
Tripurav1sin2
The Dwelling Tripur1
Tripur1ntaka
Lit. 'the one destroying the three cities'
A name of )iva
The three cities are Lobha,
Lobha K1ma and Krodha,
Krodha which are the Pa6c1gni-s
Pa6c1gni (fires) associated with
the three lower Cakra-s.
Cakra Their destruction means the overcoming of these fires and the raise of the
level of consciousness above them.
Tripure0i
The Sovereign Tripur1
vide also Sarv1s1paripuraka Cakra
Tri=tubh
Eleven syllables as Vedic meter used in addressing the Divine
Trive92 (vide Pray1ga for the place of pilgrimage)
The conjunction of the three main N182-s
N182 between the eyebrows
174
T
In the I81 N182 dwells Dev2 Jamun1,

Jamun1 in the Pi^gal1 N182 dwells Dev2 Ga^g1,
Ga^g1 in the
Su=umn1 N182 dwells Dev2 Sarasvat2.
Sarasvat2
Tulas2
Basil; the goddess having this name as an aspect of Dev2
Commonly known as Tuls2, it is a small shrub, a sacred plant venerated mainly by Vai=9ava-s.
Vai=9ava It
is said the plant Tuls2 was produced from the hair of the goddess Tuls2,
Tuls2, a primal expression of
goddess Lak=m2.
Lak=m2
Tuls2
vide Tulas2
Tur2ya (also Turya)
Turya
Ecstatic state, the fourth state of Soul beyond the Avasth1-s
Avasth1
It is the highest level of consciousness, the knowledge of and union with Brahman.
Brahman
vide also Mah1 K1ra9a )ar2ra
Tur2y1t2ta
One who has realised the state of Tur2ya
Turya
vide Tur2ya
Tu=7i
Contentment, fulfilment
Tvak
Organ of touch, the skin
vide also Dh1tu,
Dh1tu J61nendriya
Tvaktattva
The Tattva of Tvak
Tvarit1
One of the Nitya )akti-s
)akti
Tva=74
Proficiency in making good things as one of the twelve !ditya-s
!ditya
Ty1ga (from Tyaj i.e. to renounce)
Renunciation as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s
Daiv2sampat
Ty1gin
One on the path of Tyaga
175
U
Ucc17anakarma
Lit. 'action of ruining an enemy'
+a7karma which gives the power to ruin and torment an enemy by creating material
discomfort, pain, shame, etc.
It is one of the five malefic magical rites in the Tantra-s.
Tantra
Ud1na
The V1yu which controls circulation into the body
Cakra Sarvama^gal1k1ri92,
Sarvama^gal1k1ri92 Devasu=i
Devasu=i,
=i Utkr1nti
Udd1laka
vide Sad Vidy1,
Vidy1 Udd1laka !ru9i Vidy1
Udd1laka !ru9i Vidy1
The knowledge of Udd1laka !ru9i
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 Udd1laka !ru9i was a renowned Br1hma9a
teacher who had the knowledge of !tm1 as being latent in everything. It is given the example of
V1yu as being like a thread binding everything in the world and Pr19a like a thread in the human
body.
U882
Lit. 'to fly up; to cause to fly up'
The action or feeling of flying
U882y1na Bandha
Lit. 'upwards lock'
The flying up Bandha as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
U882y1na P27ha
The symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 in the middle of the Sarv1nandamaya Cakra
Known also as O882y1na P27ha (or Au882y1na P27ha)
P27ha it is equated with Sahasr1ra Cakra.
Cakra
vide also U882,
U882 Catu=p27ha
Udg1t4
$tvija-s),
$tvija
One of the four Vedic priests ($tvija the one who chants the hymns of the S1ma Veda
An Udg1t4 is assisted by three other helper priests, viz. Prastot4,
Prastot4 Pratihart4 and Subrahma9ya.
Subrahma9ya
Udg1raka
The J17har1gni (digestive fire) of belching (vomiting)
vide also Sarvap1pahar1
176
U
Udg2tha
Lit. 'to chant aloud'
The chanting of S1ma Veda by the Udg1t4 priest; the chanting of O% Mantra;
Mantra a general name for
the S1ma Veda.
Udg2tha Vidy1
The knowledge of Pra9ava O%
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 which deals with the chanting of the O% Mantra as
expression of the name of God.
Ujj1y2
Lit. 'causing victory'
Um1
A form of Dev2
Unm1dana
One of the five arrows of K1madeva the one causing intoxication with love
vide also Sarvonm1di92
Unman2 (also Unman2 Avasth1)
Avasth1
Lit. 'to become absent in mind'
A kind of state beyond the experience of the mind
Unman2 Avasth1
vide Unman2
Unman2bh1va
Unman2bh1va
Bh1va)
Bh1va
Absence of mind as attitude (Bh1va
vide also Unman2
Unnet4
In the Veda-s
Veda a helper priest assisting the Adhvaryu priest by pouring the Soma Rasa into the
recipients
Upac1ra
Offering used for worship
Up1d1na
The act of accepting
vide also Ana^gam1lin2
Ana^gam1lin2,
in2 Up1sana
Upade0a
Advice
Upakosala Vidy1
The knowledge of Upakosala
177
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 This Vidy1,
Vidy1 named after Upakosala Kamal1yana,
Kamal1yana
a disciple of Satyak1ma J1b1la,
J1b1la deals with the knowledge of the three kinds of Agni and their
Loka-s
Loka as levels of awareness.
Upani=ad
Lit. 'sitting by the side'
A class of philosophical works exposing the secret doctrine
They are regarded as a source of Ved1nta,
Ved1nta S1%kya and Yoga philosophies, the secret knowledge
acquired by sitting near the master.
vide also Mah1v1kya
Up1saka
Worshipper, devotee
Up1sana
The external worship and contemplation with the aim to integrate in oneself the two polarities as
)iva - )akti
It has five stages i.e. Abhigamana (approach), Up1d1na (acceptance of offering), Ijy1 (oblation),
Sv1dhy1ya (recitation of Mantra-s),
Mantra and Yoga (devotional feeling of unity).
vide also Sagu9op1sana
Upasarga
Obstacle in spiritual life
Upastha
Sexual organs
Upasthatattva
The Tattva of Upastha
Upavas
Upavas
Lit. 'sitting by the side of God'
Fasting
Up1ya
A means to successfully approach an action; a stratagem
There are various Up1ya-s
Up1ya depending on purpose.
Upek=a
The act of ignoring or disregarding (also Upek=1)
Upek=1
Upek=a is also one of the Citta Pras1dana-s
Pras1dana as an attitude towards people full of vice.
vide also Ana^gamekhal1
#rdhvam3la
Lit. 'upper origin'
Brahman as the root cause represented by Adha501kha
178
U
#rdhvaretas
Lit. 'raising the semen upwards'
A certain condition of a Yog2 when the sexual energy is sublimated
For this purpose Mudra Bandha-s
Bandha techniques are recommended.
#rdhva0akti
The upper one of the Ku98alin2 )akti-s
)akti
Uruloka
Lit. 'great world'
The wide space; awareness of the vast space
U=as
In the Veda-s
Veda represents the dawn, awakening, blossoming, full-moon night; the Dawn Goddess as
symbol of awakening
U=asta Kohala Vidy1
A Veda Vidy1,
Vidy1 that deals with the knowledge of U=asta C1kr1ya9a
and Kohala Kau=2taka about the bondage of the Soul. Only through renunciation will come the
knowledge leading one to Devaloka.
Devaloka
U=9a
Lit. 'hot; passionate'
The mental activity of being ardent, passionate
Cakra K1me02
U=7r1sana
The camel !sana
Utka71sana
The hazardous !sana
Utkr1nti
Levitation as a result of possessing Laghim1 Siddhi
It is considered that levitation can be experienced by mastery over Ud1na V1yu.
V1yu
Utt1nak3rm1sana
The straight tortoise !sana
Utt1nama98uk1sana
The straight frog !sana
Uttar1yana
Sun's progress north of the equator (from 22nd Dec. to 21st June) expressing the northwards way to
Yama's quarter; the bright path
Yama
The passage of the sun is called Uttar1yana Sa%kr1nti or Sa%kr1nti.
Sa%kr1nti For the departed soul it
offers the experience of Agni and Jyotir i.e. the consciousness will not return to the material plane.
vide also Dak=i91yana
179
V
Vacana
The act of speaking
vide also Ana^gakusum1
V1cika
Kind of worship of Dev2 by speech; any vocal worship
vide also Y1ga
V1ditva
The ability to speak clearly
vide also P198itya
Vagbhavak37a
One group (section) of Pa6cada0i presided over by Agni
V1gdev2
A deity of mental expression
The V1gdev2-s
V1gdev2 are expressions of some mental activities or qualities, out of which the speech is
only one. There are eight V1gdev2-s
V1gdev2 (each being the Devat1 of one expression only) namely:
Va0in2,
Va0in2 K1me0i,
K1me0i Modin2,
Modin2 Vimal1,
Vimal1 Aru91,
Aru91 Jayin2,
Jayin2 Sarve02 and Kaulin2.
V1gmitva
The ability of eloquence
vide also P198itya
Vahni
Fire
The A%0a-s
A%0a of Vahni in the Pi98198a are the five J61nendriya-s
J61nendriya
vide also Bh3ta
Vahnikal1
The essence of fire
Vahnis1ra Dhauti
One of the Antardhauti-s
Antardhauti (known also as Agnis1ra)
Agnis1ra a yogic technique to increase Ja7har1gni by
fire purification
Vahnitattva
vide Tejastattva
Vahniv1sin2
180
V

)akti
Vaidika
Lit. 'relating to Veda'
The name of the Vedic tradition
Vaikhar2
The physical (vocal) stage of )abda (vide)
Vaiku97ha
A name of Indra or Vi=9u;
Vi=9u the paradise of Vi=9u
Vair1gin
Somebody who has accomplished Vair1gya
vide also Taparloka
Vair1gya
Detachment (i.e. expression of inner freedom) as one of the eight Bh1va-s
Bh1va
The inner freedom as freedom of the mind is seen to giving up R1ga and Dve=a through control by
the mind. It is the level of awareness of Taparloka.
Taparloka
vide also Avair1gya,
Avair1gya Pa6c1gni
Pa6c1gni
Vairaty1ga
Cessation of enmity as a result of Ahi%s1prati=7h1
Vai01kha
The month corresponding to parts of April/ May
vide also M1sa
Vai0e=ika
Dar0ana
Vai=9ava
A follower of Vi=9u;
Vi=9u the Vi=9u tradition
Vai=9av2
vide Trim3rti
Vai0vadeva
Vai0vadeva
Lit. 'relating to all the gods'
All Deva-s
Deva (gods)
A Vai0vadeva ceremony consists in homage to all the gods followed by food offering to the gods,
particularly to Agni. Practically the act of eating should be seen as an offering to Agni who takes
the form of fire of digestion.
vide also Vai0v1nara
Vai0v1nara
Lit. 'relating to all the people'
Humankind, God as humankind (also Vai0v1nara !tm1)
!tm1
181
vide also Vai0vadeva,

Vai0vadeva Vai0v1nara Vidy1,
Vidy1 Sa%varga Vidy1
Vai0v1nara !tm1
vide Vai0v1nara,
Vai0v1nara Vai0v1nara Vidy1
Vai0v1nara Puru=a
The mental consciousness of the humankind as kind of Puru=a of the conscious individual mind
vide also Vai0v1nara
Vai0v1nara Vidy1
The knowledge Vai0v1nara
Vidy1 deals with the knowledge of Vai0v1nara !tm1 as
humanity and the corresponding relation to the human body. The macro/ micro relation will make
some human activities as access gates to the macro world. The act of eating is to be seen as an
offering to Vai0v1nara,
Vai0v1nara the own heart as Vedi,
Vedi the digestive fire as Agni,
Agni etc.
Vidy1 Vai0v1nara
Vai0ya
One of the Var9a-s
Var9a in the Vedic tradition consisting of tradesmen and agricultural people
Vajra
Thunderbolt seen as Indra's
Indra bow representing the power of discrimination
Vajra N182
A channel of energy outside the Su=umn1 N182
vide also Vajrol2
Vajr1sana
The diamond !sana
Vajre0var2
Lit. 'the diamond queen'
Devat1 presiding over the principle of existence of Aha%k1ra
Vajrol2 Mudr1
The Vajra N182 Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
Vajsa%hananatv1ni
Adamant hardness as one of the four K1ya Sampad-s
Sampad
V1k
Lit. 'speech, vibration; mouth'
The primordial sound known also as )abda (vide)
vide also Dhenu
V1k Dev2
vide )abda
V1ktattva
182
V
The Tattva of V1k

V1m1c1ra
V1m1c1ra
The left-hand division of Tantra as spiritual path with own wife whose place traditionally is to the
left of her husband. This path is known also as V1ma M1rga.
V1makrama
Yogic technique of alternative nostril breathing as one of the three Kap1labh1ti-s
Kap1labh1ti
V1ma M1rga
vide V1m1c1ra
V1mana
An incarnation of Vi=9u as dwarf, a representation of the dawn of human existence
Vamana Dhauti
Cleaning by vomiting as one of the H4d Dhauti-s
Dhauti in order to cure the diseases coming from Do=a-s
Do=a
V1naprastha
Lit. 'hermit, anchorite'
vide !0rama
Vandana
A^ga of Bhakti Yoga as the devotional act of prostration before the image of the
Lord
V1r1hi
The )akti of the Boar (Var1ha
Var1ha)
Var1ha Avat1ra of Vi=9u;
Vi=9u the earth
Vara Mudr1
The gesture of granting boons (favours)
Vara9a
Vara9a
J2v1tman)
J2v1tman to manifest
The obstacle that does not allow the individual consciousness (J2v1tman
There are three Vara9a-s
Vara9a namely M1l1 (impurity of the mind), Vik=epa (distraction), !vara9a
(the covering of the inner reality), their process of removal is called Vara9abheda
Vara9abheda.
abheda
Vara9abheda
Vara9a)
Vara9a
The process of removal of obstacles (Vara9a
Varga
Group, family
V1ris1ra Dhauti
One of the Antardhauti-s,
Antardhauti as purification with water
Varjana
Things to avoid as observance on the Yoga path
There are seven kinds of Varjana-s
Varjana (according to Am4tabindu Upani=ad)
Upani=ad namely Bhaga,
Bhaga
Krodha, !lasya,
Krodha !lasya Atisvapna,
Atisvapna Atij1gara,
Atij1gara Aty1h1ra and An1h1ra.
An1h1ra
Var9a
183
The four main classes (castes) described in Manu's

Manu code, viz. Br1hman-s,
Br1hman K=atriya-s,
K=atriya Vai0ya-s
Vai0ya
and )3dra-s;
)3dra the Sa^skrit letter
V1rta
The sense of supernormal smelling
vide also Pr1tibha
Vartam1na Dharma
The inherent property of present time, one of the three Dharma-s
Dharma (as inherent properties of time)
Varu9a
Lit. 'the one who covers'
A Vedic god as personification of space
In the Veda-s
Veda the god of heaven and earth having many attributes. Later on Varu9a was associated
with the waters of the atmosphere. In the Vedic literature Varu9a is invoked together with Indra,
Indra
Mitra,
Mitra Agni,
Agni Yama,
Yama etc., as associations of attributes. Varu9a is also one of the twelve !ditya-s.
!ditya
Varu9a Dharmapati
Varu9a the lord of right conduct
Devas3 an aspect of Varu9a
Varu9a Mudr1
The gesture of Varu9a
V1ru92 N182
The N182 connected to the right shoulder
Cakra Sarvahl1di92
V1san1
The mental form as impression becoming resident in the form of Sa%sk1ra as latent potentiality;
the basic structure of mental consciousness
The accumulated impressions are generated by Abhinive0a (will to live) as a process without
beginning. V1san1-s
V1san1 stop to accumulate when their cause (i.e. the Kle0a-s)
Kle0a will cease to create
afflictions. The V1san1-s
V1san1 will disappear through the elimination of four factors namely Hetu
(cause), Phala (effect), !0raya (support of an experience) and !lambana (object of an
experience) therefore Citta becomes pure and capable to reflect both the Dra=7a and the D40ya.
D40ya
vide also Sarv1rtha
Va=a7
vide Dhenu
Va0ik1ra
A high form of Vair1gya
Va0ikara9akarma
Lit. 'action of subjugating'
+a7karma which gives the power to attract and bring under control gods, men, women
and animals and make them to act according to the one's desires
One of the five malefic rites in the Tantra-s.
Tantra
184
V
Va0in2
The subduing (mastering) One
V1gdev2 corresponding to the mental activity of )ita (calm).
Vasi=7ha
Name of a $=i an exponent of Vedanta teaching
vide also Sapta4=i,
Sapta4=i Brahm1,
Brahm1 Samaya,
Samaya K1madhenu
Va0itva
Lit. 'fitness for subjection'
One of the eight yogic powers of keeping others under control
vide also Siddhi,
Siddhi A=7asiddhi
A=7asiddhi
V1sodhauti
Cleaning by cloth as one of the H4d Dhauti-s
Dhauti in order to cure many diseases
Vasti
vide Basti
Va0ya
The subjecting to one's will by Mantra-s,
Mantra Yantra-s,
Yantra etc.
Va0ya Siddhi
The power of subjugation
vide also Siddhi
V1ta
Do=a
In !yurveda system a deficiency of air as a cause to diseases.
V1tas1ra Dhauti
One of the Antardhauti-s,
Antardhauti as air purification
V1tsalya
Affection; one of the Bh1va-s
Bh1va of Bhakti Yoga,
Yoga also one of the Rasa-s
Rasa
Vau=at
A certain Mantra
V1yav2 Dh1ra91
The Dh1ra91
Dh1ra91 on air as one of the Pa6cadh1ra91-s
Pa6cadh1ra91
V1yu
Lit. 'wind, air, breath'
Air, vital air; the god of air
The A%0a-s
A%0a of V1yu in the Pi98198a are the five major vital airs viz. Ap1na,
Ap1na Sam1na,
Sam1na Pr19a,
Pr19a
Ud1na,
Ud1na Vy1na and the five minor airs viz, N1ga,
N1ga K3rma,
K3rma K4kara,
K4kara Devadatta and Dhana6jay1.
Dhana6jay1
In the $g Veda,
Veda V1yu is the god of the wind.
185
vide also Bh3ta,

Bh3ta Sarv1rthas1dhaka Cakra,
Cakra Devasu=i
V1yutattva
The Tattva of V1yu
Veda
Lit. 'knowledge, wisdom'
A collection of writings structured in four parts Sa%hit1,
Sa%hit1 Br1hma9a,
Br1hma9a !ra9yaka
!ra9yaka and Upani=ad
vide also $tvija,
$tvija Brahma Tantra,
Tantra Sat Cit !nanda
The main Sa%hit1-s
Sa%hit1 are $g,$g Yajur,
Yajur S1ma and Atharva.
Atharva As religion the Veda-s
Veda are called the
!rya Dharma (path of noble people). The gods of Vedic trinity are Indra,
Indra Agni and S3rya.
S3rya Soma
is also a very important deity, so the fourfold godhead of the Veda-s
Veda are Indra,
Indra Agni,
Agni Soma and
S3rya.
S3rya
Ved1c1ra
The Veda-s
Veda based division of Tantra
It involves specific practices of meditation in order to raise Ku98ali92 through the will power.
vide Tantra
Vedana
Vedana
The sense of supernormal touching
vide also Pr1tibha
Ved1nta
Lit. 'end of Veda'
Dar0ana teaching the essence of the Veda-s
Veda
Veda S1dhana
A practice from Veda-s
Veda
vide S1dhana
Veda Vidy1
The knowledge of Veda-s
Veda
There is a wide variety of Veda
Veda Vidy1-s,
Vidy1 their practice is called Veda S1dhana.
S1dhana An attempt for
their classification is made in the Dv1tri%0at Vidy1-s
Vidy1 taxonomy, however there are other Veda
Vidy1-s
Vidy1 outside it. This knowledge that comes from Vedic scriptures is considered to be higher
Yoga and a subject to be learned from a qualified person. The most important works on various
Veda Vidy1-s
Vidy1 are seen to be Ch1ndogya and B4had1ra9yaka Upani=ad-s,
Upani=ad Ved1nta S3tra,
S3tra
Satapatha Br1hma9a,
Br1hma9a Kau=2tak2 Upani=ad.
Upani=ad The purpose of Veda Vidy1-s
Vidy1 is the knowledge of
Brahman.
Brahman
vide also Veda,
Veda Ved1c1ra,
Ved1c1ra Dv1tri%0at Vidy1
Vedha Siddhi
The power to be pious and faithful
vide also Siddhi
Vedi (also Ved2)
Ved2
Sacrificial ground
vide also Vai0v1nara Vidy1
186
V
Vedyagni
The fire on the Vedi
Vega
Lit. 'agitation, emotion, excitement; effect of poison; flood of water or tears; semen virile'
vide Ana^gavegan2
Vibhu
The hall in the Brahmaloka standing for Aha%k1ra
Vibh3ti
The power of an enlightened Soul; the supernatural power known also as Siddhi described in the
third chapter of Yoga S3tra
Vicak=a9a
The throne in the Brahmaloka standing for Mahat
Vic1ra
The state of consciousness flowing without the basis of )abda (as word) and being able to
discriminate
Vic1ra is a S3k=ma (subtle) kind of Vi=aya.
Vidve=a9akarma
Lit. 'action of exciting enmity'
+a7karma which gives the power of creating ill-feelings and separating two parties
like friends, lovers, relatives, etc.
One of the five malefic magical rites in the Tantra-s.
Tantra
Vidy1
Vidy1
Lit. 'that which expands'
Science, knowledge, learning; meditation conducting to knowledge; non-duality
Vidy1 Mah1vidy1,
Mah1vidy1 J61na,
J61na Kaivalya,
Kaivalya Sahaja
Vidy1dhara
A kind of being possessing of magical powers attending upon )iva in the Him1laya
Him1laya-s;
1laya fairy
Vidy1 Ka6cuka
Form of )akti limiting the perception of the real knowledge as being one with the primordial unity
of )iva )akti
vide also Tattva,
Tattva Vidy1tattva
Vidy1p27ha
A symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 in the )r2 Vidy1 (i.e. the )r2 Yantra )
vide also Pitha
Vidy1r1ja
The Royal Science
187
vide Pa9cada02
Vidy1tattva
The Tattva of Vidy1 Ka6cuka
Vighne0vara
Lit. 'remover of obstacles'
A name of Ga9e=a
Vijay1
One of the Nity1 )akti-s;
)akti ever victorious
Vij61na
Perception; direct perception of Brahman as manifestation (i.e. Sagu9a Brahman)
Brahman
vide also J61na,
J61na Bh3ma Vidy1
Vij61namaya Ko0a
The body of intellect as sphere of consciousness known also as Buddhimaya Ko0a it is the
expression and experience of the intellect and has the seat in the Vi0uddhi
Vi0uddhi and !j61 Cakra-s.
Cakra
Vikalpa
A part, aspect or concept as object of meditation; one of the five Cittav4tti-s
Cittav4tti
vide also Savikalpa Sam1dhi,
Sam1dhi Nirvikalpa Sam1dhi
Vikara9a Bh1va
The state of perception without the instrumentality of J61nendriya-s
J61nendriya and Karmendriya
Karmendriya-s
driya
Vik=epa
Lit. 'what distracts or diverts'
Distraction on the path of Yoga
There are nine Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa in the form of Citta V4tti-s V4tti (vide). Vik=epa is also one of the two
functions of M1y1 as the illusion of believing that Self-realization lies without.
Vik=epasahabh3
Associate obstructive distraction on the path of Yoga (vide Yoga S3tra I.31)
There are four Vik=epasahabh3-s
Vik=epasahabh3 namely Du5kha,
Du5kha Daurmanasya,
Daurmanasya A^gamejayatva and )v1sa
Pra0v1sa connected to the Ko0a-s
Ko0a (except !nandamaya Ko0a which transcends distraction).
The four Vik=epasahabh3-s
Vik=epasahabh3 are associated to the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa as obstructive distractions
in Yoga.
Yoga
Vik=ipta
Agitated state as one of the five Cittabh3mi-s
Cittabh3mi
Vimal1
The afflicting One
V1gdev2 corresponding to the mental activity of Du5kha (distressed)
Vim1na
The celestial chariot
188
V
Vimar0a )akti
Manifested Power
Aspect of )akti inclined towards creation. )iva is the other aspect called Prak10a.
Prak10a According to
K1makal1vil1sa work, it is the pure mirror in which )iva reflects Himself.
vide also )iva,
)iva )akti,
)akti )iva )akti,
)akti !dy10akti
V291
The Indian lute usually having seven strings
The most celebrated one is V29a of Sarasvat2.
Sarasvat2 There is also a Tantra called V291 Tantra.
Tantra
vide also Tantr2
Vipar2ta Kara92
Lit. 'inverted effect'
The reversal polarity as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
Viparyaya
Incorrect knowledge as a form of Avidy1 and one of the five Cittav4tti-s
Cittav4tti
vide also Pram19a
V2ra
A kind of S1dhaka at a level between Pa0u and Divya in the Tantra-s;
Tantra heroism as one of the
Rasa-s
Rasa
In a V2ra kind of person the Rajas Gu9a is predominant.
vide also S1dhaka
V2ra Bh1va
One of the Bh1va-s
Bh1va as a state of human personality based on activity and motion, therefore of
Rajas nature
vide also S1dhaka
V2r1c1ra
The second kind of initiation in the Tantra S1dhana
vide Tantra S1dhana
Viraj1
The ageless river in the Brahmaloka whose crossing enable the devotee never to grow old, but to
live to the age of Brahm1 i.e. to attain Self-realization
V2r1sana
The hero !sana
Viri6ci
Lit. 'he who creates'
A name of Brahm1
V2rya
Physical and mental energy; courage to overcome obstacles on the path of Yoga
It represents the energy accumulated by sublimation of sexual energy in order to stimulate the
189
unfolding of consciousness.
V2ryayojan1
Lit. 'energy union'
The process in which the Guru gives to the disciple the power of a Mantra
Visarga
The symbol of two dots (:) pronounced like H with a distinctly audible aspiration; the act of
evacuation of excrement
Esoterically is the symbol of )iva )akti as a double Bindu.
vide also Bindu,
Bindu Ana^gavegan2
Visarjana
The act of throwing the image of a deity into holy water as a rite of bidding farewell at the end of a
festival or worship
It has either practical or symbolical aspects.
Vi=aya
An object of sense perception , knowledge or meditation
vide also Vic1ra,
Vic1ra Vitarka
Vi=ayak1ra
The active state of Citta in which identifies itself with the senses
Vi=ayak1ra V4tti
The V4tti of Vi=ayak1ra state
Vi=ayavat2 Prav4tti
The sense experience as kind of Dh1ra91 on Tanm1tra-s
Tanm1tra
Vi0e=a
Lit. 'without difference'
Gu9aparva in which Savitarka Sam1dhi is experienced
The difference has to be seen as the distinction between Puru=a and Prak4ti,
Prak4ti in Yoga an essential
experience.
vide also !tmabh1va
Vi=9u
Lord Vi=nu one of the Hindu trinity (Trimurti
Trimurti)
Trimurti protector of the Universe, presiding over the
preservation of the Brahm198a;
Brahm198a the Devat1 of !p Bh3ta
His vehicle is Garu8a,
Garu8a the Eagle. Lord Vi=nu is the consort of Lak=m2.
Lak=m2 There are ten incarnations
Avat1ra-s)
Avat1ra
(Avat1ra of Vi=nu namely Fish (Matsya
Matsya), K3rma),
Matsya Tortoise (K3rma Var1ha),
K3rma Boar (Var1ha
Var1ha Man-lion
Narasi%ha), V1mana),
V1mana Para0ur1ma,
Narasi%ha Dwarf (V1mana
(Narasi%ha Para0ur1ma R1ma,R1ma K4=9a,
K4=9a Buddha and Kalki as evolutionary
unfolding of the universe. Vi=nu is also one of the twelve !ditya-s.
!ditya
Vi=9ugranthi
Lit. 'knot of Vi=nu'
Located in the S3rya Kha98a represents the attachment to Krodha (anger) and Moha (infatuation)
Vi0ok1
190
V
The process of removal of sorrow

vide also Jyoti=mat2
Vi0uddhi Cakra (also Vi0uddha Cakra)
Cakra
Lit. 'purification Cakra'
The Cakra located on the vertebral column behind the throat pit
This Cakra is associated with the J61nendriya of )rotra,
)rotra the Karmendriya of V1k,V1k the
Tanm1tra of )abda,
)abda is the center for Ud1na V1ya and the seat of Vij61namaya Ko0a,
Ko0a the level
of awareness is Janarloka.
Janarloka
vide also S1kin2
Vi0va
All pervading, universe
Vi0vadar1 N182
The N182 connected to the right cheek
Cakra Sarvakar=i92
Vi0vakarman
Lit. 'the one who creates everything'
A Vedic god personifying the creative force
Vi=van1tha
Lit. 'Lord of the universe'
A name of )iva
Vi0va Puru=a
A mental consciousness of the world as kind of Puru=a of the conscious mind
Vi0var3pa
The cosmic form
Vitalaloka
vide Loka
V2tar1ga
R1ga)
R1ga
A person who has renounced attachment (R1ga
Vitarka
The state of consciousness flowing with the basis of )abda (as word) and being able to
discriminate; intention
Vitarka is a Sth3la (gross) kind of Vi=aya.
Vivasvat
Harmony in nature as one of the twelve !ditya-s
!ditya
Viveka
Discrimination between real and unreal, reality and illusion as a process of J61na Yoga
It is the level of awareness of Satyaloka and the expression of freedom from Mada (pride).
191
vide also Pa6c1gni,

Pa6c1gni Vajra
Viveka J61na
Discriminative knowledge
vide also Satyaloka
Vivekakhy1ti
The knowledge through Viveka as a continuous process of awareness of the reality (Sat
Sat)
Sat and
fulfilment of H1na (liberation)
Pratiprasava Khy1ti
Vrata
Lit. 'vow; service'
A rite of devotion or vow of austerity; a rite of Goddess worship
In the Veda-s
Veda signifies the milk as the only food after taking the vow of such austerity.
V4k=1sana
The tree !sana
V4nd1vana
The village on the river where K4=9a spent his youth, today an important place of pilgrimage
V4=abha
In the Veda-s
Veda a name for the bull (known also as V4=an)
V4=an representing the power behind the
creation complementing Dhenu (the milk cow). V4=abha has to be seen as the symbol of the male
principle in the Veda-s,
Veda a parallel concept with Puru=a in Yoga.
V4=abha Dhenu
In the Veda-s
Veda the bull and the milk cow as symbols of two polarities viz. heaven and earth, father
and mother, male and female, a parallel concept with Puru=a and Prak4ti in Yoga.
Yoga The heaven-
earth unity is often personified in the Veda-s
Veda as Varu9a.
Varu9a
V4=an
In the Veda-s
Veda the bull
vide V4=abha
V4=1sana
The bull !sana
V4tra
In the Veda-s
Veda the dragon as symbol of ignorance
vide also Avidy1,
Avidy1 Aj61na
V4trahan
In the Veda-s
Veda a name of Indra as destroyer of V4tra
V4tti
Condition of a mental activity having as background the Citta
The V4tti-s J1grat),
V4tti are of three kinds namely waking (J1grat Svapna)
J1grat dreaming (Svapna
Svapna and dreamless sleep
Su=upti)
Su=upti
(Su=upti
192
V
The suppression of V4tti-s

V4tti is an essential condition of the state of Yoga (vide Cittav4tti),
Cittav4tti their
superimposition on Citta will cease only when the state of Dharmamegha Sam1dhi is reached.
vide also Avasth1
V4ttinirodha
The non-rise of any kind of V4tti in the Citta as a state of Yoga
vide also Cittav4ttinirodha
Vy1dhi
The state of disease as one of the nine Citta Vik=epa-s
Vik=epa
Vy1kara9a
Lit. 'separation, explanation'
Revelation; grammar
Vy1khy1na Mudr1
The gesture of explanation
Vy1khy1t4tva
Vy1khy1t4tva
The ability of clear explanation
vide also Pa98itya
Vyakta
The manifested principle of creation made up of the three Gu9a-s
Gu9a
vide also Avyakta,
Avyakta Prasava,
Prasava Pratiprasava,
Pratiprasava Abhivyaktik1ra9a
Vy1na
The V1yu which distributes and circulates the energy all over the body
vide also V1yu,
V1yu Sarv1rthas1dhaka Cakra,
Cakra Sarvapriya%kar2,
Sarvapriya%kar2 Devasu=i
Vy1pti
Lit. 'attainment'
Acquisition of a Tattva
Vyoma
Ether; space
vide also Bh3ta
Vyoma Pa6caka
The five subtle spaces as intermediate stages of Dh1ra9a viz. Gu9a Rahita !k10a,
!k10a Param1k10a,
aram1k10a
Mah1k10a, Tattv1k10a and S3ry1k10a.
Mah1k10a S3ry1k10a
Vyomatattva
vide !k10atattva
Vyutkrama
Yogic technique of taking water through both nostrils and expelling it through the mouth as one of
the three Kap1labh1ti-s.
Kap1labh1ti
193
Y
Y1ga
Worship as general term in all Indian traditions
The Dev2's
Dev2' worship is of three kinds: Antary1ga (or K1yika),
K1yika Bahiry1ga (B1hyay1ga
B1hyay1ga or
V1cika)
V1cika and Bh1vana (or M1nasa).
M1nasa A special kind of worship is Mah1y1ga.
Yajm1na
A priest presiding over Yaj6a
Yaj6a (also Y1j6a)
Y1j6a
Lit. 'worship, prayer, devotion; oblation, offering, sacrifice'
The fire sacrifice as altar of the Vedic fire
Y1j6a means also sacrifice as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s.
Daiv2sampat Y1j6a is basically an
expression of consciousness in a Vedic ritual form in order to obtain awareness, therefore a parallel
concept to Sam1dhi in Yoga.
!tm1rpa9a $tvija,
$tvija Puru=a Vidy1,
Vidy1 Agni,
Agni Homa,
Homa Cidagni,
Cidagni Cidagni Ku98a
Y1j6avalkya
A sage householder in the B4had1ra9yaka Upani=ad
vide also Maitrey2 Vidy1
Yajur Veda
One of the four Veda-s
Veda known also as the sacrificial Veda
vide Veda
Y1kin2
The )akti residing in Sahasr1ra Cakra
Yak=a
A class of semi-divine beings
Yama
In the Veda-s
Veda the god who rules the spirits of the dead and presides over the Pit4-s;
Pit4 in Yoga one of
the eight A^ga-s
A^ga of the A=71^gaYoga of Pata6jali.
Pata6jali It contains five moral codes of conduct viz.
Ahi%s1,
Ahi%s1 Satya,
Satya Asteya,
Asteya Brahmacarya,
Brahmacarya Aparigraha all as expressions of a balanced state of
mind.
Y1mala
A class of Tantra works
vide )iva,
)iva Tantra
Yamun1
A river in India commonly known as Jumn1
vide also Pray1ga,
Pray1ga Trive92
194
Y
Yantra
Lit. 'amulet; mystical diagram'
Brahm198a)
Brahm198a and Microcosm
A form-symbol of a deity; a Tantric symbol of unity of Macrocosm (Brahm198a
Pi98198a);
Pi98198a an expression of the supreme consciousness as diagram or symbol
(Pi98198a
The most celebrated Yantra is )r2 Yantra.
Yantra A fundamental concept is that the human body as
Microcosm is a Yantra therefore subject to meditation of various kinds.
vide also Ma98ala,
Ma98ala +ada^ga
Yantrop1sana
Meditation on Yantra
Ya0ovat2 N182
The N182 connected to the right thigh
Cakra Sarvastambhi92
Y1tr1
Expedition, pilgrimage, campaign with a spiritual purpose
Yoga (from the root Y3j i.e. to connect)
Lit. 'joining, yoking'
The state of union with the Divine; one of the +a8 Dar0ana-s;
Dar0ana disunion between Puru=a
Puru=a and
Prak4ti
Yoga consists of different physiological, mental and spiritual practices of union, knowledge,
awareness and understanding leading to self-discovery of the individual nature as well as the higher
nature or cosmic Self. Traditionally Lord )iva was the first Yog2 who taught the Yoga Vidy1 as
part of Tantra to his wife P1rvat2,
P1rvat2 the first )i0ya. Any conscious step upwards is Yoga.
Yoga There are
many classifications of Yoga-s
Yoga depending of kinds of practices. The main paths are considered to
be J61na Yoga
Yoga,
ga Karma Yoga and Bhakti Yoga as described in the Bhagavad G2t1 by K4=9a. K4=9a
Pratiprasava Yog2,
Yog2 Yog1c1ra,
Yog1c1ra Trim3rti,
Trim3rti Yoga Avasth1
Yoga Anu=7h1na
The Anu=7h1na related to practices of Yoga as spiritual union
Yoga Avasth1
The Yoga state known also as Bh3mik1
There are four Yoga states namely !ra%bha,
!ra%bha Gha7a,
Gha7a Paricaya and Ni=patti as gradual
experiences of Ku98alin2 ascending (i.e. !roha9a)
!roha9a the Su=umn1 N182.
Yog1c1ra
The Yoga based division of Tantra
The Tantric path based of yogic techniques
vide Tantra
Tantra
Yoga Dar0ana
The Indian system of philosophy of Yoga
vide also +a8 Dar0ana
Yogam1y1 S1dhana
The magical practices in the Tantra-s
Tantra
195
vide also +a7karma

Yog1^ga
The steps of Yoga
Yoga Nidr1
The yogic technique of conscious sleep by rotating the consciousness through the different parts of
the body
Through Yoga Nidr1,
Nidr1 the space of knowledge (i.e. Cid1k10a)
Cid1k10a is contacted. In the modern times
Yoga Nidr1 was reformulated by Svam2 Saty1nanda Sarasvat2 (of Deoghar) from the Tantric
Dhy1na).
Dhy1na
tradition as an introduction to meditation (Dhy1na
vide also Sa%kalpa
Yoga S1dhana
The practice of Yoga
vide S1dhana
Yog1sana
The union !sana
Yoga S3tra
The book of Yoga by Pata6jali teaching the eight-fold path towards attaining spiritual liberation
Nirv19a or Sam1dhi)
(Nirv19a Sam1dhi
Yoga Vidy1
The knowledge of Yoga
Yog2 (also Yogi)
A male practitioner of Yoga;
Yoga ascetic; one who has attained Yoga
As levels of spiritual realization there are four kinds of Yog2 namely Prathamakalpika,
Prathamakalpika
Madhubh3mika, Praj61jyoti
Madhubh3mika Praj61jyoti,
oti Atikr1ntabh1van2ya.
Atikr1ntabh1van2ya The necessary conditions for a Yog2 to step
from one level to another and use Siddhi-s
Siddhi is to be able to overcome gradually Sa^ga (attachment)
and Smaya (pride). Then the Devat1-s
Devat1 will pay attention to the Yog2.
Yog2 After achieving the
experience of Dharmamegha Sam1dhi the Yog2 becomes !ptak1ma, !ptak1ma !ptaj61na and
Antasa^kalpa since the veil of knowledge has been removed.
vide also T2vrasa%vega,
T2vrasa%vega Yogin2,
Yogin2 Maithuna
Yogin2
Female Yog2
Tantric female Yog2 having magical powers (Siddhi
Siddhi-s).
Siddhi A Yogin2 is also a female representing a
goddess who is subject to adoration. Traditionally there are sixty-four Yogin2-s
Yogin2 (i.e. Cau0atti
Yogin2-s).
Yogin2
vide also Maithuna,
Maithuna Tantra
Yogyat1
The attitude and quality to be an enjoyer and an object of enjoyment in the same time
Yoni
196
Y
Lit. 'womb; source, origin; place of rest, home; vagina'

The matrix of generation as a symbol of cosmic primordial source of the material world
Yoniku98a
A particular Yantra diagram; a place of oblation and worship in the )akta tradition
Yoni Li^ga
Li^ga
The symbol of divine energy of creation; the clitoris
Yonima98ala
Yoni Mudr1
The foetus Mudr1 as one of the Mudr1 Bandha-s
Bandha
vide also Laya Siddhi Yoga
Yonimukta
A person released from being born again
Yonip27ha
A symbol of creation as attribute of the Dev2 in the Yoni form
vide also P27ha,
P27ha K1mar3pa P27ha
Yuga
Cosmic age of the world
There are four Yuga-s,
Yuga viz. Satya (or K4ta),
K4ta Tret1,
Tret1 Dv1para and Kali,
Kali comprising an aggregate of
4,320,000 years which constitute a Mah1 Yuga.
Yuga From Satya Yuga down to Kali Yuga there is a
step-by-step deterioration in the condition of the world. Yuga-s
Yuga are in fact the material
macrocosmic expression of the age of a human being, i.e. Brahm198a vs. Pi98198a.
Pi98198a
Yuktatrive92
A name for !j61 Cakra as a place of upper intersection of the three main N182-s
N182
vide also Pray1ga
197
The author
Octavian Sarbatoare was born in Romania in 1952. Since 1987 he has been
living in Australia. He completed his BA in Philosophy and Studies in
Religion, BA (Honours) in Studies in Religion, Master of Arts with Merit
(PACS), all at the University of Sydney. He holds a PhD (Honorary
Degree) as well. Octavian is the author of various books of scholarly
research and fiction, both in English and Romanian.
Sarbatoare Publications

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A Sanskrit Dictionary of Spirituality

First published in Australia in Dec. 2009 by

Copyright © Octavian Sarbatoare 2009

Australian National Library Cataloguing-in-Publication data:

A Sanskrit dictionary of spirituality: scholar’s terms

ISBN 978 0 9807337 0 9.

Typeset by Sarbatoare Publications

A Sanskrit Dictionary of Spirituality

Preface to first edition and introduction

This dictionary is specialised and unique in its construct. Unfolds an array of

Way of spiritual life

Traditionally there are twelve !ditya-s,

vide also Aghora M1rga

fire. As a yogic practice Agnihotra is identified with Pr191y1ma.

)abda in all its forms.

vide also Anai0varya

The attractive power of Am4ta

vide also Ana^gamadan1

vide also Sarva0a%k=obha9a

vide also Sarv1rthas1dhaka Cakra,

The Tattva of Ap known also as Toyatattva

K4=9a in Bhagavad G2t1

In Yoga one of the eight A^ga-s

A state in which Asteya is fully established

vide also M1sa

The light of the Soul

Ignorance, one of the five Kle0a-s;

A Veda Vidy1, one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s

Lit. 'the one adorned with glory'

Lit. 'attitude; true condition; reality; disposition'

A Veda Vidy1 (one of the thirty-two Vidy1-s)

Also known as Pa6cabh3ta-s,

The power of opening

A state in which Brahmacarya is firmly established

Macrocosm; universe; world; cosmic body

vide also !k10a

The practice of meditation on Cid1k10a

(from the root Cit i.e. to be aware)

vide also Agni

Lit. 'vision, view; understanding; doctrine'

The Great Goddess

As inherent properties of time Dharma-s

Initiation of a spiritual tradition

The thirty-two Vidy1-s

The river Ganges

literature. This Vidy1 deals also with the concepts of Devasu=i-s,

the lunar influence (represented by &ha Mantra)

Hotr1 Arghya Havi

A perfect being by birth

Lit. 'desirous of knowing'

Steadfastness in knowledge of Yoga as one of the twenty-six Daiv2sampat-s

The knowledge of the light of lights

A small part of a whole; an atom, an essential part of matter

vide also Kuruk=etra

Men do the worship. A girl in her eighth year is called Gaur2.

The great dissolution

The knowledge of Maitrey2

Statue of a couple in an erotic posture

Mu6ja (also Mau6ja)

Lit. 'snake, serpent'

Devat1 as beginning of humanity; the first human; a name of Vi=9u

Lit. 'nine skulls'

The contemplation experience after the $tambhar1 Prajn1 state