Environment Book PDF Good

Milandia
THE PLAINS
Grace Milan
Milan, Grace Thursday, June 5, 2014 10:37:50 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:d8:77
SECTION 1
The grassy, at land is covered in golden
blades of grass and soft dirt that sticks to
ones feet like glue sticks to paper. The
crisp air is warm and the mountain
breeze blows through hair. The sound of
the water rapidly hitting the river stones
sounds like a stampede of bull running
for their lives. The sunbeams strike any
uncovered skin and beat one like they de-
serve it. The taste of pollen mixed with
Introduction
1
Image of the plains
the dryness of the dirt traps ones taste buds and will
not let the go until they leave. The temperature is
around 75F but the wind gives a nice autumn breeze
year round. All there is to see is a at plain that goes on
for miles before the small line of hills cuts it off. The
tiny footprints of the animals that live here mark the
ground like a tattoo. The sight of birds ying away to
nd a new location makes one feel no longer alone. The
faint sound of coyotes deep out in the hills vibrates the
grass into an upright position. The ground is desperate,
for no one has planted on it for many many years. The
land is plain, but nature develops its own beauty.
Among this beautiful land, a successful civilization will
be born and will strive. Milandians will learn to be kind
and respectful to others ant their religious beliefs so
that there will be limited conict between the civiliza-
tion. Milandia will follow its moral obligations of
responsibility, love, and knowledge. By following these
obligations, Milandia will grow to be a successful civili-
zation and will live on for many years.
2
We won't have a society if we destroy the
environment.
-Margaret Mead
CHAPTER 1
3
Modifications
SECTION 1
Part I- Analysis of the Problems
The land of Milandia poses many chal-
lenges to living in it. It is a at land that
goes on for miles and miles. The key
things to living here successfully are hav-
ing food, water, and shelter. Living in the
plains may not seem too hard, but only
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Human Changes to the Land
4
certain people see past the easy at land and see the
real problems in the following:
1. One of the difculties is the water supply because
it may be dirty and carry diseases. The civilization has
to be cautions of people going in the water and drink-
ing from it because it could cause sickness and in worst
cases death.
2. Another difculty to living here is the amount of
food the land offers. Milandia has a great farming land
but the soil might be too dry or rocky. The land also has
a river, which could cause oods or even droughts.
Hunting is another problem in Milandia. Rodents, go-
phers, and snakes live among the dry grass, but those
can only feed so many people. Sometimes animals like
coyotes come along but there are not very many of
them and lots are needed to eat and to use their fur for
clothing.
Building a civilization in Milandia comes with many dif-
culties along with solutions that anyone can change if
the attempt is worked for.
Part III- Modications & Proposed Solutions
Modications are when you do something to change
the environment to benet yourself. They are important
to civilizations because people need to modify the envi-
ronment for basic essentials such as food, water, shelter,
and clothing. Some standards for modications are sani-
tizing water to drink, killing animals for food and cloth-
ing, and cutting down trees
for shelter and other be-
longings. Some examples
from ancient settlers are
making earth steps on the
rocky land for easier travel
done by the Greeks and
building canals and dams
for irrigation just as the Az-
tecs did.
Because Milandias
5
http://static4.depositphotos.com/1000
887/338/i/950/depositphotos_338250
1-Broken-wall-of-ancient-fortress-rui
n.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi
a/commons/a/a3/Valley_Forge_cabin
.jpg
A wooden cabin in which peo-
ple would live in because it is a
common resource
These are Earth Steps that
will be used for easier travel
civilization is a
large at land,
it is easy for
trespassers to
break into it
and steal the
civilizations
belongings.
To prevent
this, a wall
was built
around the
land to protect its possessions as the Aztecs did. Along
the face of the land there is a narrow river that will pro-
vide the people their water, however the water could be
dirty and carry diseases so the Milandians had to build
a canal as the Mayans did to get the water to then boil
or sanitize it. Because of Milandias large, at pasture,
The land is great for farming and grazing cattle like the
Arabs did. Milandians will need to be careful of where
they plant the crops because the river could ood and
wash out all of the crops. Also the weather could be
scarce depending on the season and the civilization
might have to wait longer for their food to grow. Also
the amount of animals there is limited. There are go-
phers, Mice, snakes and the occasional coyote but thats
not nearly enough to feed a whole civilization. Instead
the people will need to improvise and nd and graze
cattle for food, clothing, and travel as the Arabs also
did. Milandia is hidden a scenic nowhere where some
of the supplies is limited. The society could trade with
other civilizations but it would take many nights to get
to the trading area. Instead, Milandia could build a col-
ony with another civilization as the Greeks did. That
way it would make trade much easier than it was be-
fore. Milandia has lots of difculties to setting up a civi-
lization, but when these modications are made life
will be a re on a cold winters night.
6
http://karenswhimsy.com/public-domain-images/an
cient-mesopotamia/images/ancient-mesopotamia-3.j
pg
This is a canal that the milan-
dians will use to get water
At his best, man is the noblest of all animals; separated
from law and justice he is the worst. -Aristotle
CHAPTER 2
7
Law & Government
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SECTION 1
Lessons of Democracy
An important lesson to learn from Athens is to give equal opportu-
nities to all citizens. Athenian men had the right to speak as they
pleased about new laws and rules. The group of people who were
allowed to make laws was called the Assembly of 6000. To be a
member of the Assembly you needed to meet the requirements of
1) being a male 2) being born in Athens 3) being 18 or older (Frey
261). The Assembly met every 10 days and if 6000 people didnt
come, people would have to be gathered by being pulled by ropes
with red paint on them so that they would then be embarrassed to
show up at the meeting with red paint all over their clothing (Frey
261). The Assembly then gave their law ideas to the Council of
http://courts.ky.gov/courts/Image%20Slider%20Library%200/supreme-court1.jpg
Maintaining Civil Order
8
500 who either got to say yes or no to them, but either way the As-
sembly could change the vote that the Council made depending
on their opinions. The Council of 500 was made up of 500 people.
They ran the day-to-day business in Athens, and to be a member
people had to be 1) a male, 2) an Athenian citizen, and 3) over 30
years of age. The council members served every day and new
members were chosen every year. Athens was a Direct Democracy
because everybody that was male, over 30, or from Athens could
be chosen to be a ruler. Some lessons that we can learn from Ath-
ens about voting are that everybody should get a say in voting no
matter what class you are and also you should have to be a certain
age to rule. The importance of voting in Athens is still important
today.
Another important, ancient civilization was called Sparta. As well
as Athens, Sparta had some important lessons to teach such as that
the votes made by the Assembly really didnt matter. This is a les-
son because if you have a few different law making bodies, you
should make sure that they both help out and actually do some-
thing that contributes to the civilization instead of having them
both do similar things that can eventually be changed even if
theyre not supposed to. Along with Athens, Sparta also had an As-
sembly. The Assembly was like the law passer to the Council of Eld-
ers. The Council of Elders was a group of 2 kings and 28 other
men. To be a member you had to be 1) over the age of 60 and 2)
from a noble family. . As Frey states Some Scholars believed that
Assembly members shouted for the man they wanted most.(Frey
265). The Elders would make the laws to then be passed down to
the assembly who were only allowed to vote yes or no on them.
The Assemblys votes didnt really matter because the Council of
Elders could then go back and change the votes depending on
what they wanted. Once they were elected, they served for life.
(Sparta had jury duty as we still have today.)
Lastly, one of the longest civilizations to stand in ancient history
was called Rome. There were many important lessons to learn
from Rome such as needing to take care of your lower classes be-
cause if you dont they might rebel on you and then you wont
have any workers. You have to be good to your slaves because like
the Plebeians, they could eventually rebel and not come back until
they got what they wanted. It is like the B.A.R.T incident that re-
cently happened
when all of the work-
ers went on strike un-
til they got what they
wanted just as the
plebeians did. The
Plebeians were
lower class people
who were mostly
peasants. To inu-
ence the king,
The consuls set up the government of 300 people called the Senate
who were elected to serve for life. They made up about 95% of the
land and the other 5% was made up of Patricians. Patricians were
upper class citizens who came from wealthy landowners. They
also controlled the most valuable land. The plebeians were like
slaves for the patricians. The plebeians would ght all of the patri-
9
Ancient Roman Senate
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia
/commons/thumb/a/a3/Maccari-Cicero.
jpg/1024px-Maccari-Cicero.jpg
cians ghts whether they wanted to or not and they had no say in
them. The Conict of Orders was when the plebeians and the patri-
cians conicted because the plebeians thought that they didnt get
treated well so they went on strike causing the patricians to give in
to what they wanted a little bit because they were scared because
the plebeians were more venerable to attack and they clearly had
the majority of people. Rome was a Democratic form of govern-
ment, which is when the power is in hands of all citizens to vote.
All of the laws in Rome were set in stone so that know one could
change them. These were called the Twelve Tables.
Throughout ancient history there have been many great civiliza-
tions and rulers. What I have learned is that if theres a power im-
balance, dont try to rebound and also take care of the poorer peo-
ple because they might leave and you wont have anyone to do
your work for you. Athens, Sparta, and Rome were all great civili-
zations that have many similarities along with differences but the
upcoming comes with many surprises and wonders of what will
happen next in the near
Code of Laws
Every civilization faces threats that are both physical and social
that can affect people in the inside as well as the outside. Laws are
rules that keep people more safe and out of trouble. Adding certain
laws to Milandia is necessary because without so the civilization
would be very out of hand. Some laws that were added to Milan-
dia to keep the civilization controlled involve pollution, crime, hu-
man right issues, and social service issues. Pollution is a problem
because it can eventually lead to disease spread, which could make
the civilization of Milandia die off. Crime is a problem in Milandia
because it can eventually lead to violence, which will make Milan-
dia (not considered) a peaceful civilization. Human right issues are
important in Milandia because everyone in considered equal in Mi-
landia. Lastly social service laws are important in Milandia be-
cause even if people are disabled, sick, or old they are still living
people and must be treated equally. Also old people are sometimes
considered the most wise because they have been alive for longer.
If these laws are broken, it will leave a bad reputation for Milanida,
and for every person who breaks these laws, there will be conse-
quences.
For any person who breaks the law of polluting the city by spread-
ing disease or polluting the water, a $500 ne will be given for
every piece of trash along with an extra $200 for bathing or using
the river for daily uses other than the water provided to the per-
son. If crime such as theft, and murder are committed, there will be
consequences. If someone steals something, the guilty person must
pay a $300 ne and re-pay the person whom they stole from. If a
person murders someone innocent, both the persons hands must
be cut off and then they must serve time in prison for life. Also
there must be no hate speech along with swearing around children,
and no gossip about other citizens. If these laws are broken, the
guilty persons vocal chords must be cut. In Milandia, marriage,
children, women, and workers have rights. If you are married, you
have to care for your partner and get both parents permission be-
fore you get engaged. If not the couple must attend a marriage
counseling class. Also in Milandia women are equal to men. If they
are treated differently in any negative way, The person who treated
10
them badly must attend a therapy session to try and accept
womens rights. Lastly there are social service laws in Milandia.
This means that healthy citizens must take care of people that are
sick, disabled, or are at an old age. If people dont, they must go to
care taking counseling, and if the people still refuse, they must be
put to death.
Milandia is related to many of past civilizations. During the time of
the early ancient roman government, 95% of the population was
plebeians and the other 5% were the patricians who were wealthy
landowners. Patricians would take the laws, which were not yet
written down, and then they would change the laws to benet
themselves while the plebeians did not have equal rights. This ine-
quality of rights caused the Conict of Orders in Rome. The Con-
ict of Orders is similar to the BART incident that happened in the
Bay Area. The conict of orders ended when the Romans made the
Tribune of Plebs and the Council of Plebs. The Tribune of Plebs are
ofcials elected by the Plebeians to speak for their writes in Senate.
The council of plebs is the Plebeian lawmaking body. This decision
caused trouble in Rome to lesson. The lesson to learn from ancient
Roman government is to give people equal rights because if not
they are most likely to rebel.
Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar was a very ambitious ruler who has many important
lessons to teach the people of Milandia such as always making as
many people in your civilization as possible happy and to make
sure that people like you; in addi-
tion he can teach the civilization
of Milandia that you should not
be too pushy and full of yourself.
Julius Caesar ruled from 45-35
BCE and he was made dictator
for 10 years. . Some of the Ro-
mans started to feel threatened
when he put his name on coins
and wore royal purple when he
was only dictator. Just before he
was able to nish his time as dic-
tator, a group of Romans led by
Cassius felt threatened by him
and stabbed him 23 times to his
death.
Before his death, here are some things that he did to help his civili-
zation. He gave work to thousands of Romans along with jobs for
the poor people. Also, he gave land to landless peasants and sol-
diers, granted citizenship to people in Gaul and Spain, and re-
duced tax collections and made them more fair. The people of Mi-
landia have learned to follow some of Julius Caesars rules and use
some of his methods. The leaders of Milandia have also learned to
keep their civilization happy and safe because they learned from
Julius Caesar that those are some very important things to do. The
11
An ancient statue of Julius Cae-
sar, the father of Caesar Augus-
tus and dictator of Rome for 10
years before ruling.
http://static2.wikia.nocookie.net/_
_cb20130606052821/spartacus/im
ages/5/55/Juliuscaesar.jpg
most important things to learn from Julius Caesars rule are to
have enough jobs for people so that they wont rebel. He stopped
many revolts by doing this. All citizens were subject to Roman
law, owed their allegiance (loyalty) to the emperor, and could par-
ticipate in the central government of Rome or in their local govern-
ments (Julius Caesars Rule as Dictator). This quote demon-
strates the political steps that Julius Caesar took to prevent rebel-
ling. Lastly there should also be enough land for peasants and sol-
diers because if they do not have enough land to t themselves,
they could nd another ruler and revolt.
Political Leadership of Caesar Augustus
Augustus taught the people of Milandia the benets of keeping the
populous contented and keeping them safe. However the draw-
backs of his reign ranged from getting in peoples business and
him having family issues with the death of his adopted father, Ju-
lius Caesar. These actions that he took inuenced Milandia be-
cause he took strides that did not please the public. It seems that
Augustus made many ruthless laws about family life and mar-
riage. According to an article we read he made unmarried adults
or childless couples lose the rights to inherit property or money
and unmarried, childless women pay a special tax on owned land.
If a couple stayed together and had many children, political privi-
leges and tax relief were given to them. He also banned immoral,
public displays. Along with the unpopular steps he took to im-
prove Rome, he also made popular reforms to advance the civiliza-
tion. As the Political Leadership of Caesar Augustus states, he
built roads to improve communication and trade between prov-
inces and Rome. He also increased emphasis on learning and the
arts. To make progress towards this he built Romes rst library
and invigorated many of his wealthy friends to provide nancial
support for writers and artists. Additionally, he ordered a census of
the empires population, which made collecting taxes more fair and
efcient. When Augustus took over, he wanted to make sure to
learn from Julius Caesars mistakes. He realized that the Romans
loved Julius so he used his death to make himself more popular.
For example he put their family name on coins so that it seemed
like he wouldnt be betraying him. Since the senate being jealous
and seeking revenge by stabbing him caused Julius Caesars death,
Augustus thought that he needed strong protection so he had
every soldier swear allegiance to
him, rather than the senate and he
made up units of protection made
up of 500-1000 soldiers each.
In conclusion, Caesar Augustus
had many important lessons to
teach the civilization of Milandia
such as keeping the citizens safe
and happy because when peers
like the ruler at that time and just
as a person, people can get much
further in life without getting be-
trayed by the people whom you
thought you were close to.
12
Statue of Caesar Augustus,
son of Julius Caesar and inheri-
tor of the ruling of Rome.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/
wikipedia/commons/a/a4/A
The Titanic Stage of Rome
The civilization of Rome was very successful and it thrived with
power for hundreds of years. However, like most civilizations
there were political corruptions that lead to the end of the Western
Roman Empire. Some examples of political corruption were; never
creating an effective system to determine how new emperors
would be selected and giving the choice to the Senate, emperor,
and the army who eventually began to practice selling the throne
to the highest bidder, and there were a lot of assassinations. An-
other problem was the unemployment. Many farmers had to pay
workmen because they could not produce goods as cheaply as the
wealthy landowners. As a result, many farmers could not compete
with the low prices and lost or had to sell their farms. This being
said fewer and fewer people bought products from markets be-
cause of the money loss and that caused the markets to also shut
down. Since a greater amount of people were loosing money by
the day, more people would have to but unsafe apartment houses
that had six or more stories with the higher ones being less expen-
sive because of the risk of your house collapsing. The apartments
were hot, dirty, and crowded and if you didnt pay your rent you
would be forced to live in the crime-infested streets and thats
what caused the beginning of the citys decaying. The most popu-
lar amusement in Rome was watching the gladiatorial combats in
the colosseum. Citizens of all classes would come to watch, includ-
ing the emperor himself. According to the Decline of the Western
Roman Empire the ground became too soaked with blood that it
was covered in a fresh layer of sand so that the performance could
go on. Rome became one of the most unsanitary places to live with
the blood all over the colosseum, the vomit of drunken guests at
the emperors parties, and the 32,000 prostitutes running around
Rome. Rome became an unsafe place to settle.
The civilization of Milandia can learn some great lessons from
Rome. Thanks to Rome, they now know to treat the people with re-
spect and to make a smart way to elect new emperors instead of
just picking on who bids the most money. Milandians will proba-
bly either have the people in the civilization vote for who they
think will be the best ruler or they will have a senate or assembly
to vote depending on their opinion. Also, Milandians have decided
to prevent urban decay by dividing up the land more equally so
that there wont have to be so many apartment houses that are hot,
dangerous, and crowded causing death and spreading diseases be-
cause of the over population. Lastly Milandians will try to make
more job privileges because that will reduce the number of people
living on the streets and dying of hunger or sickness because they
didnt have any money. Also when there are a lot of people loosing
jobs it works as a chain reaction because then the people with no
money cant buy things so then the stores could close down and
then even more people would be living on the streets spreading dis-
eases and dying. This caused the civilization to crumble. The Ro-
man civilization has taught the people of Milandia many valuable
lessons to learn on how to keep the society thriving and powerful.
Even though Rome went downhill and ended the civilization, with-
out the mistakes they made the new civilizations might not have
had anything to learn from and they might have also ended their
civilization.
13
Belief in oneself is one of the most important bricks in
building any successful venture. -Lydia M. Child
CHAPTER 3
14
Belief Systems
http://extrahappiness.com/happiness/wp-ad
min/images/meditation.jpg
This is a pic-
ture of a man
meditating
because he is
probably
cleansing him-
self for his
past wrongs
SECTION 3
Beliefs in Moral Values
Imagine a civilization where people had nothing to tell them
the right from the wrong. Belief systems are important because
they keep people on the right path whether the religion is Bud-
dhism, Hinduism, Confucianism, or any other religion someone
may follow. Belief systems are essential for a civilization to thrive.
As soon as moral values started to decline, so does a civilization.
An example of a civilization crumbling because of the decline of
moral values is Ancient Rome. In the Western Roman Empire, the
morality declined because of the bad living conditions, which
caused the government to loose power also. Without rules and
guidelines to tell you whats right, people would do whatever
http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/mayan-calendar-4.jpg
This is a picture of one
of the Great Mayan
Pyramids.
Impact of Belief Systems
15
they want without thinking and that can be dangerous for that per-
son and everyone around them. I think it is very important to have
a belief system because it will cause less harm and impact the civi-
lization in a positive way.
In order to better understand the importance of belief systems
within a civilization and how they can inuence the actions and de-
cisions of a people, please consider the following moral dilemma:
A Callous Passerby
Roger Smith, a skillful swimmer, is out for a leisurely stroll. During the
course of his walk he passes by a deserted pier from which a teenage boy
who apparently cannot swim has fallen into the water. The boy is scream-
ing desperately for help. Smith recognizes that there is absolutely no dan-
ger to himself if he jumps in to save the boy; he could easily succeed if he
tried. Nevertheless, he chooses to ignore the boy's cries. "Why should I
inconvenience myself for this kid," Smith says to himself, and passes on.
Does Roger Smith have a moral obligation to save the boy? Explain
why or why not.
Hinduism
If Roger Smith were a Hindu in this situation, he would jump in
the water and save the teenage boy. Hindus believe in karma
which is when at the end of your life your soul gets looked at and
if you were good in your life, you could be born into a higher class
but if you were bad in your past life, you could be reborn into a
lower caste system. This being said
they would probably believe that it
is the morally right thing to do, and
if they do not do what is right, their
soul would come back to life in a
lower class. As Frey states, If peo-
ple lived well, they might be born
into a higher caste system (149).
This means that if he were to ignore
the boy, his soul could be re-born as
an animal or in a lower class based
on his past decisions. Once he is
born into a lower class, he cant do
anything about it except hope to be good in his next life to then be
reborn into a higher Varna or social caste system and he would live
with regret from that one decision. If he could easily save the boy,
as a Hindu, he would save him without any regret and have good
karma for his next life. Also he would probably listen to his
dharma, which means to produce good actions, and it tells you
how to live; letting the boy drown would not be listening to his
dharma (Frey 148). Roger Smith would be happy to save the boy if
he were a Hindu.
16
This is a picture of Vishnu God
http://api.ning.com/les/tG
Buddhism
If a Buddhist were in this situation, he could contemplate multiple
things. In the Eightfold Path, it says to not be attached to emotions
and feelings but it also says to live a life of selessness and love
and also promotes good actions and prevents evil actions (Frey
159). Overall, a Buddhist would save the boy because there are
rules about living a life of love and caring for others. As the Eight-
fold Path states, promote good actions and prevent evil actions
(Frey159). If Smith were a Buddhist and let the boy drown, he
would not just think of the inconvenience for himself, he would
live a life of regret and probably have to meditate for a lifetime to
clear himself of the shame and harm he put the boy though. The
main thing that Buddhists follow is the Eightfold Path. One of the
things that the Eightfold path requires is to live a life of non-
violence and not troubling yourself for another person is not fol-
lowing the Eightfold Path.
Confucianism
If Confucian were in this situation, I think he would save the boy
because the greatest rule of Confucianism is to not do to others
what you do not want to be done to you. Also according to Frey,
the goal of Confucianism was to have a just and peaceful society
(208). Any follower of Confucianism would be happy to save the
boy because he would not want to be in his shoes. As the great
Hammurabi once said, an eye for an eye a tooth for a tooth. This
means to trade something for something else and that is if some-
one takes something away from you, he should be stripped of that
thing himself. Confucians believe in being kind and having a
peaceful society. They behave properly, and they believe in creat-
ing a good society. In Confucianism, the society is structured
around love, non-violence, and peacefulness. Roger Smith would
easily make the decision of saving the boy because it would be his
moral obligations to.
Although belief systems are important because they keep people
on the right path, they also are a way for people to express them-
selves through religious practices and traditions. The civilization of
Milandia will be known for its loyalty, love, and creativity. Loyalty
is important for civilization because it keeps the civilization work-
ing together as a community. Love is important because it lets the
people of the civilization live a life of selessness and happiness.
Creativity is important because it leads to many great accomplish-
ments such as knowledge and advancement because without it,
the civilization will not go forward.
Diayugamun
In an effort to create a successful civilization, the people of
Milandia have established their own belief system. This belief sys-
17
tem shares similar moral values and teachings with other world re-
ligions and helps the people of Milandia to be responsible, loving,
and knowledgeable. These things will make Milandia thrive and
move forward in the future. Here are some examples.
One of the most important moral values of Milandia is called
Diatist. Diatist stands for responsibility, and it leads to an ac-
countable society in which
fewer people slack at work.
Therefore the amount of indo-
lence will decrease and a
more even amount of work
will be distributed. Milandi-
ans learn Diatist by being
given constant duties to ful-
ll because then they will
feel like its their moral obli-
gation to do their job. The du-
ties given to them usually range from getting water for the village
to helping out the elders in the civilization. Diatist makes the Mi-
landians have right actions and have an energetic personality. As
the Eightfold Path states, Right action means to not kill, steal, or
lie. Be honest(Frey 159). Milandians will follow the steps of the
Eightfold Path and Right Action. The people of Milandia are now
prepared to take on any accountability and duties that come their
way.
Another important moral value for the Milandians is called La-
yua. Layua stands for a loving society and it causes the Milandi-
ans to be more warm and kind and there to be less conict within
the civilization. Milandians will learn Layua by being required to
have one day a year to tell someone what they love about them.
This can be one of the best ways to be loving, and it will cause for a
just and peaceful society. The Milandians will be considerate of
each other and care for one another. The Milandians have adopted
this thinking from Hindu teachings and practices. As Frey states,
For example, Hinduism values marriage, sharing food with oth-
ers, and caring for ones soul(148). Just as Hinduism values ones
soul, so does Layua. Having a loving and peaceful society is what
Milandia needs to thrive and move forward with Layua.
The last important moral value for Milandia is called Igumun,
which stands for Knowledge within the civilization. This will
cause for the civilization to be more advanced and ahead of most
civilizations. To inuence Igumun among the Milandians, they will
be required to read poetry once a night before they go to bed and
read extra if they are a parent because they must read to their chil-
dren. This relates to the Quran in Islam. As Frey states, The
Quran states that God earlier revealed the Torah and the Gospel
as a source of guidance for people(94). The mosque would read
out of the Quran once a night and so will the Milandians. Another
example is that the followers of Confucianism valued knowledge,
which the Milandians will develop with this practice. In conclu-
sion, the Milandians will be knowledgeable and advanced in the
near future.
18
http://kgi.org/sites/default
This is a picture of a checklist and cross-
ing off all of your problems
Okaju
The minecraft sacred site I have built is called Okaju. It is a temple
inspired by the god Zeuss temple of Olympia. Okaju is a place
where the Milandians come to cleanse themselves and meditate on
the sacred ground. Coming to Okaju reminds the Milandians to
hold the obligation to obtain the civilizations most important
moral values of Responsibility, Love, and Knowledge because it
has been said that when people come there to meditate, they must
do so and not be foolish, or they will be cursed and required never
to return. Although Okajus appearance is inuenced by the Olym-
pia temple, the uses for it are more based on the city of Mecca. The
Milandians are required to meditate at the Okaju at least twice in
ones lifetime; this is similar to the Muslims. As National Geo-
graphic states, all adult Muslims who are physically and nan-
cially capable are expected to make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least
once in their lifetime. Similarly, the Milandians are expected to
choose two mandatory dates to attend the temple and cleanse
themselves. The dates are chosen at a certain age of the childs life
which the mother or caretaker gets to decide. The overall effects of
using the Okaju is to make for a just and peaceful society and have
the Milandians obey and appreciate the most important moral val-
ues of the civilization.
Coat of Arms
Symbols
Time bubbles- Code for the moral value of knowledge and be-
cause the bubbles are showing the progression over time with the
civilizations advancement.

19
Heart and vines- Codes for the moral value of love by showing a
heart and the vines represent that the love is shared and connected
throughout the civilization.
Sun- Codes for the moral value of responsibility within the civiliza-
tion and the sun was chosen for this trait because it has the respon-
sibility of rising every morning to give the Milandians heat and
brightness for the day.
Unicorn- Codes for the moral value of power among the civiliza-
tion and safety to all the people who live there.
Rose- The rose in the center stands for beauty and kindness to all
who live in Milandia.
Colors
Green- Green is showing that the civilization is calm and placid in
tough situations and can battle through anything.
Purple- Purple is to show that Milandia is fair and wise because it
is the color that many royal rulers would wear.
Silver- Silver is to show that the civilization is sophisticated by us-
ing one of the two metal colors.
The Role of the Catholic Church
[In Medieval Europe the
Catholic Church held a great
position in the peoples lives,
because it owned one third of
the land and controlled most
peoples lives.] Citizens daily
lives revolved around the
Catholic Church. The church
told the people what prac-
tices to do and how many prayers to say and more. The power of
the church was so great that the pope was considered even more
powerful then the king, which was shown in a story between King
Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII. Henry declared the Gregory was
no longer pope; however, Pope Gregory responded by saying the
Henry could no longer attend the church. At the end of their ght,
Henry had to beg for forgiveness, showing that the Pope had more
power than the king. According to Frey, The popes inuence was
so great that Henry begged forgiveness and was readmitted to the
20
King Henry IV & Pope Gregory VII
http://www.ldysinger.com/
church (33). The reason for this is because Pope Gregory told the
king that he could remain as a king but could no longer be one
with the church and that way the king would no longer achieve sal-
vation so he begged for the Popes forgiveness. This story shows
that the role of the Catholic Church was exceedingly big, and the
pope was more powerful than the emperors rule. People listened
to the church because they wanted to achieve salvation, which
meant they earned an eternal life in heaven. The church kept its
power by telling people that the only way to achieve salvation or
eternal life was to follow the churchs teachings. In conclusion, the
church was important not only because the Popes power was so
great, but also because everybody followed the churchs rule so
they could get into heaven.
21
I cant understand why people are frightened of new
ideas. Im frightened of the old ones. -John Cage
CHAPTER 4
22
Advancing New Ideas
SECTION 1
Humanist Inuence on European Society
There were many ways in which the Humanist mindset of the
Renaissance inuenced the European society. The Humanists bom-
barded the Europeans with their new questions, answers, ideas,
and thoughts including saying that everyone was deserving of
equal respect. They also shared the ideas of science, arts and many
other important studies. Without these changes, Europe and most
other places would not be the same as they are today. During the
time of the Renaissance, trade, travel, education, and painting
were used to spread the ideas of the Humanists to other civiliza-
tions. Many questions were asked and people started to wonder
Catholic Church
http://www.hertfordshire-genealogy.co.uk/images/!/s/standon/old-hall-green-catholic-church-buchanan%20small.jpg
How New Ideas Advance & Threaten Society
23
more and second-guess the lifestyle that they had already been
taught. The idea of the people living during the Renaissance was
to have a place where they could use their own thoughts to impact
the society and live in a world of equality. The humanists were peo-
ple who believed in focusing on personal growth and fairness of
respect within the society. Some of the things that the Humanists
made an inuence on are government, social standing, The Catho-
lic Church, and advancements in many art- related elds. Writers
were an important part of society back during the Renaissance.
Some even produced work of history and the studies of politics.
The inuence of some classical ideals changed certain ideas about
the way of the government. Because of this, Humanists separated
the state and its right to have the church rule and stand above eve-
ryone. As Frey states, They helped lay the foundation for modern
thinking about politics and government(321). This means that by
making a move to change the position of the church, the formation
of a plan for the future in politics and government had been
thought of and planned out. Another major thing that the Renais-
sance inuenced was social standing. The social classes are a big
part of what made up the culture back then. Social classes are what
separates the different classes with the peasants and serfs on the
bottom and the church and monarchs on the top. The Humanists
changed the view of social standing majorly. Instead of keeping it
the old way where a person would be born into a given class, indi-
vidual achievement was prized more than family or class. This
means that instead of having it where if someone were born a peas-
ant they would have to stay as a peasant, a persons place could be
determined by the good the person did within a lifetime. The Hu-
manists also had a huge part in the change of the Catholic Church.
Both ideas were very different however because of the different be-
liefs. The Church believed that God made laws and that those who
broke the certain laws were sinful where as the humanists be-
lieved that people should use their minds to question everything.
As Frey states, The humanists new ideas sometimes brought
them into conict with the catholic church(321). This means that
since both had different perspectives of lifestyles, sometimes there
would be disagreements on which one is actually better for the soci-
ety. One of these famous Humanists that changed art, literature,
and the culture of Europe was William Shakespeare. William
Shakespeare was a very important gure in the English Renais-
sance. He was a very skilled playwright and poet because of his
talent for expressing thoughts and feelings that were memorable to
many people. With new questions, ideas, and thoughts, the human-
ists shifted the daily life of the Europeans to question teachings
that Europeans had been learning throughout their entire lives and
centuries before.
24
Humanist Effects on Milandia
The civilization of Milandia has many important laws, values, and
cultural understandings that could majorly be affected by the ques-
tions and ideas of Humanists. Milandia has a rmly planted idea
of what their laws are and what the consequences will be if the peo-
ple break them. However, this does not mean that the Humanists
could not make an impact or have a say in what would be best for
Milandia. One of Milandias main laws is to never pollute in this
civilization. For example, as Milandias laws state, For any person
who breaks the law of polluting the city by spreading disease or
polluting the water, a $500 ne will be given for every piece of
trash along with an extra $200 for bathing or using the river for
daily uses other than the water provided to the person (Grace 12).
Humanists would impact this decision because they would ques-
tion the penalty. A question a humanist would ask would be, what
if the littering was an accident? Could that be forgiven? A human-
ist would most likely change the law and give the guilty a trial to
see if the person is guilty or not. Furthermore, humanists would be-
lieve that this penalty would be much too harsh and say that there
should be a trial to see if they deserve to pay that much money.
One of the main values of Milandia is Igumun (knowledge), and
the Humanists would question this value as well. Humanists
would question it because Humanists might wonder what they
could do to improve their ideas and inventions. They could, how-
ever, be iffy about the value of knowledge because they might
think that people who are knowledgeable would be treated differ-
ently than others. For example, as Milandias values state, To inu-
ence Igumun among the Milandians, they will be required to read
poetry once a night before they go to bed and read extra if they are
a parent because they must read to their children (Grace 14). This
value is something that humanists would promote because it en-
courages knowledge and reading on your own. This means that
everybody would be experimenting outside of common knowl-
edge and regular days of school. Milandias culture is another
proud aspect of the civilization. Humanists promote the idea of art
being an important part of daily life. In Milandia, culture, includ-
ing art, education, and architecture is precious. Art is something
that everybody should see the beauty of, and it promotes creativity
and thoughts about true beauty in nature. Education is important
and is incorporated in daily life, as well. Everybody has school in
Milandia and the students are encouraged to set up their own ex-
periments at home. Finally, the last aspect of culture is architecture.
Throughout Milandia, architecture is consistently being remodeled
to t in with the Humanist ideas and the rapidly advancing soci-
ety. All the architecture in Milandia has intricate designs and incor-
porates art in it. In conclusion, Humanist ideas could lead to a im-
proved version of Milandia as it is today because Humanists
would question new ideas and possibly make them even better.
25
Reformation
The role of the Catholic Church was to ultimately be the center of
medieval life and help guide people through tough times by help-
ing them chose the right paths to take. This technique worked for a
while; however started to fail once Humanism and the Renaissance
started to question all of the Churchs teachings and beliefs. This
denitely made people also question what the Church was teach-
ing and whether the idea were actually benecial or simply control-
ling on which made the Church lose power. Another problem that
led to the weakening of the Catholic Church was worldliness and
corruption within the church. During the time of the Middle Ages,
the church united the Christians of Western Europe in a single
faith. Many people knew the church as being a religious institu-
tion, but they didnt expect it to be an economic one as well. As
time went on, the Catholics started feeling like he church had be-
come far too worldly and corrupt. As Frey states, Too often, peo-
ple who were supposedly dedicated to the church failed to live up
to their role as spiritual leaders(348). It has been said that priests,
monks, and nuns had made vows to not marry or have children
but many failed to follow these promises and roles as spiritual lead-
ers. Many people also did not like the fact that many church of-
cials tried to get money to support the church by selling Indul-
gences and Simony to try and get gifts for the Church. Catholics
took these actions as disturbing and abusive. Kings and Queens
tried to increase in power, which made for conict with the pope.
The pope was in a bad position and even got caught into other po-
litical conicts. This made people start to question the popes
authority. Once the pope died and new popes took power, a con-
ict started regarding the location of the Church. Eventually, two
popes took power and caused for the division of the church or the
Great Schism. The reformation began after the corruption of the
church caused by these two major problems that showed the dis-
honesty of the church.
Reformers are very much like Humanists in the way that they
both ask about and question many things that the Church offers.
One of the most famous Reformers was Martin Luther because his
ideas differed from the traditional teachings of the Catholic Church
in many ways. An important part of the Reformation was started
when Martin Luther, a priest, became involved in a serious dispute
with church authorities, which led him to break away and start the
rst Protestant church. Martin Luther was born in Germany in
1483 and was raised as a devout catholic. As a child, Luther caught
himself in a frightening situation in which he had promised him-
self that if he had survived, he would become a monk. He responsi-
bly took the choice of keeping his promise and became a priest
who studied the Bible and earned his reputation as a scholar. Dur-
ing that time period, the Catholic church developed the idea that
one could earn salvation from the church. With the vast amounts of
studies that Luther had learned, he decided to go with a different
answer. He believed that no one could earn salvation but only re-
ceive it as a gift of faith from God. These ideas of Luther started to
grab peoples attention which caused for a major conict between
him and the church. Martin Luther eventually decided to post a list
of arguments against indulgences on the church door for everyone
to see. This was commonly called the Ninety-Five Theses. Some-
26
one similar to Martin Luther was John Wycliffe. Wycliffe was
scholar in England and grew to challenge the churchs right to
money that it had demanded from England. Wycliffe began to pub-
licly question the popes authority and also attacked indulgences
and immoral behavior on the part of the clergy. As Frey states, Wy-
cliffe believed that the bible, not the church, was the supreme
source of religious authority(350). After he did this, the pope ac-
cused Wycliffe of heresy or opinions that contradict church doc-
trine. Both Martin Luther and John Wycliffe stuck up for what they
believed in, and it showed a great amount of perseverance and de-
termination to do so because they wanted to correct the church of
their wrongs in teachings. This threatened the churches power ma-
jorly however because people started to not believe everything that
the church was offering.
Both two people have gone through many hardships to get to
where they are today and to have their beliefs heard out loud be-
cause they wouldnt give up to try and inform citizens of the cor-
rect decisions. Over time, the threats that Martin Luther caused got
out of hand in the eye of the church and needed to be dealt with
fast before his ideas spread even more. Luther argued that the Bi-
ble was the ultimate source of religious authority and that the only
two sacraments were Baptism and the Eucharist. The church
highly disagreed with Luther about his ideas and thoughts because
the Catholics felt that the church could not have that and they
didnt want people to loose loyalty to them. To deal with Luther,
the church excommunicated him as a member and pressured the
German authorities to nally silence him. As a punishment, he was
brought to an assembly of state leaders commonly known as the
Diet of Worms so that he would be publicly banned from printing
and selling his writings. Even though his own life was at risk, Lu-
ther refused to take back his teachings because he wanted to stick
with his beliefs. After this the Holy Roman Empire was furious
and declared him a heretic. Even though Martin Luther went into
hiding for a period of time his writing and teachings did not. Many
Germans saw him as a hero and his popularity grew majorly. He
began to develope new ideas such as organizing a new Christian
denomination called Lutheranism. Within his new church, he stud-
ied the Bible and also translated it into German. Since Luther re-
jected the churchs hierarchy, he needed people to support the
church so he decided to recruit German Princes to help out. As
Frey states, When peasants revolt broke out in 1524, the rebels ex-
pected Luther to support their demands for social and economic
change(353). Instead of doing this, Luther decided to side with
the rulers for more power over himself and his church. As the
church grew larger, more and more peasants died brutally. After
tens of thousands of peasants were killed, they started rejecting Lu-
theranism. In the end, Martin Luther got lucky because unlike cer-
tain people such as John Wycliffe whos ideas died with him, Lu-
thers lived on far after he was dead and continue to be taught as
of this day.
27
How Milandia Deals With Society Effecting Threats
With all of the people in Milandia, Some are bound to have society
threatening ideas. When Milandia is put into this kind of situation,
The Milandians have to be prepared and know how to deal with
this kind of problem. There are many people in past civilizations
that have had diverse ideas about society and culture such as Mar-
tin Luther and John Wycliffe. Martin Luther was known for his
perseverance and determination towards his different beliefs on
the bible. As Frey states, Luthers studies of the bible led him to a
different answer. No one, he believed, could earn salvation. In-
stead, salvation was a gift from God that people received in
faith(352). This means that Luther adventured outside his comfort
zone to believe in things that others didnt at rst. People then
started to like the fact that Luther was branching out and decided
to believe in the same things as he did. Luther became more and
more popular as time went on. John Wycliffe however wasnt as
Lucky as Luther. Wycliffe was a scholar in England and began to
question the teachings of the Catholic Church. He also publicly
questioned the popes authority and attacked indulgences and im-
moral behavior on part of the clergy. The Church was angry that he
did this but Wycliffe decided to stand up for what he believed in.
When Wycliffe was killed because of rebellious behavior, his writ-
ings and teachings went down with him. What Milandia will have
to do to deal with the individuals who have threatening ideas is
take after the Churchs hierarchy and excommunicate the citizens.
Milandia will do this because this was done to Martin Luther and
it worked for a good amount of time until Luther grew even more
popular and came back from hiding. If Milandia were to do this,
there would be more people hired so that there would be an even
better source of security for the civilization. Milandia will try to
help the individuals adapt to the teachings of the civilization so
that all Milandians can try to live in a peaceful civilization away
from negative attitude and Milandia can live on and thrive.
Leonardo da Vinci Affects to Milandia
Throughout ancient history, there have been many important peo-
ple that have changed the way people look at things today. Leon-
ardo da Vinci would have numerous affects on Milandia including
peoples creative mindsets and the arts. The studies Leonardo da
Vinci focused on were art, music, math, anatomy, botany, architec-
ture, and engineering. Using these topics Leonardo would affect
Milandia in the following ways. Leonardo would want the arts in-
corporated in the daily life of Milandians. Leonardo would majorly
inuence Milandians creative mindset because Leonardo would
see the beauty in things that most people wouldnt. For example,
as Frey states, He was a careful observer and liked to gure things
out fro himself (344). Leonardo would take his thinking to the
28
next level no matter what it was that he was looking at and think
about how it could be made better. In the past, Leonardos ideas
changed the lives of many. He taught various people the art in
beauty and to always look at things in different perspectives. Leon-
ardo would be an overall great addition to Milandia and would ma-
jorly help the Milandians gain techniques that will help Milandia
become a successful civilization.
29
Bibliography
Frey, Wendy. History Alive!: The Ancient World. Palo Alto, CA: Teachers' Curriculum Institute, 2011. Print.
Frey, Wendy. History Alive!: The Medieval World and Beyond. Palo Alto, CA: Teachers'
Curriculum Institute, 2011. Print.

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