2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 1



Project 6.1.1: Student Response Sheet

Introduction
Anna Garcia was only 38 when she died, meaning that at least one of her body
systems was no longer able to support life. The failure of one or more of her body
systems may be the result of injury due to an accident or could be the result of an
illness or a combination of illnesses. Before we can determine which system or
systems failed or what caused the failure which led to her death, we have to learn
more about the human body.

The human body is an amazing machine composed of many interrelated systems
which are in turn composed of cells, tissues, and organs that act independently and
interdependently within the body. No individual component of a human body works
alone. Components of each system in the body affect or interact with every other
system. The body is dependent upon the many interactions between all systems and
structures to maintain homeostasis and health. In this activity you will investigate the
different body systems that make up the human body and explore all of the ways
Annas various illnesses affected each body system, potentially resulting in her
premature death.

Procedure:

1. Look back in your course file and list all of the ways each body system was
impacted by the illness or disease Anna Garcia experienced in her life.
2. Reference Autopsy Reports, Medical Histories and past lab activities to help you
organize this information.
3. Record any evidence that shows how the illness or disease may have been
involved with her untimely death.
4. Be specific about relationships between body systems and illness. You will use
this chart to help construct your final timeline that explains how Anna died.
5. You will need to eventually upload this document to your e-portfolio under Annas
Cause of Death.










2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 2

Part II: Annas Illnesses

Illnesses Effect on System (if applicable)

Diabetes Sickle Cell
Anemia
Heart Disease Urinary Tract
Infection
Cardiovascular






Blood glucose
levels can be
affected.
Damage to
blood vessels
Leads to
negative
functioning of
the body








Abnormally
shaped cells
cause
blockage and
hinder blood
flow through
the body
Blood clots
that can lead
to heart
disease or
stroke
Reduced flow
of oxygen to
the brain
Heart attack
Discomfort in
chest
Pain in other
parts of body
due to blood
clots in veins
Blood clots in
organs, arms,
legs, fingers, or
toes
Infection in the
blood stream
Digestive









Small intestine
regulates blood
glucose levels
Detects
presence of
macronutrients
and secrete
hormones
which tells
pancreas how
much insulin
and glucagon
to release
Bilirubin
gallstones -
sickle cells die
in 20 days;
liver breaks
down the
bilirubin; extra
bilirubin can
become a
gallstone in the
gallbladder


(bilirubin forms
bile)

Blood may not
be able to
reach organs
which will slow
digestion and
intestines wont
function
properly
Abdominal
pain and
bloody stools/
diarrhea
Organ failure
System may
shut down
Infection in the
bowels

Immune









Type 1:
Immune
system reacts
against own
cells
T lymphocyte
cells target and
kill insulin
producing cells
Type 2: fat
blocking of
blood flow and
reduces flow of
germ fighting
immune cells
to parts of the
body
Increased
infections, skin
ulcers, illness,
Inflammation
Cytokinesis
Pain in spleen
Harder for
body to fight
off infections
Increased
production of
lymphocytes (B
& T cells) and
antibodies
against the
bacteria;
Inflammatory
response (may
increase
2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 3

cells unable to
respond well to
insulin = higher
cholersterol
and slow
healing
Damge to
spleen can
lead to
infection

additional UTI
and/or damage
to urinary tract
structures.
Nervous









damage to
nerves (lose
feeling
Foot damage
can lead to
amputation
2/3 of all
strokes occur
in children that
have sickle cell
Blood clots
affect large
blood vessels
in the brain
Bleeding may
occur in small
vessels
Stroke
Blood pressure
problems
Trouble with
breathing and
swallowing
Impaired blood
flow to brain
System may
shut down
Infection in the
lining of the
brain
Respiratory









Effects
breathing
ketoacidosis
Obstructive
sleep apnea

Acute chest
syndrome
occurs
Pnemonia,
fever, pain,
and severe
coughing
Slowed growth
and
development
and decreased
metabolism
and energy
levels
Shortness of
breath
Cardiac
asthma
Ventiliation/
perfusion
mismatches
occur
Most severe:
acute
respiratory
distress
syndrome
System may
shut down
Urinary









kidney damage
yeast
infections
Urinary tract
infections
Kidney disease
Urinary tract
infections
Kidney failure/
disease
Impaired blood
flow to kidneys
Acute renal
failure


Sources Used: www. diabetes.co.uk, livestrong.com, sharecare.com,
healthline.com, nlm.nih.gov