KDDH - All

21/05/2014
1
TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI
VIN C KH NG LC
B MN K THUT HNG KHNG V V TR
Bi ging:
KH NG N HI
(Aeroelasticity)

Chng I: Gii thiu chung
B mn K thut Hng khng v V tr
Dept. of Aeronautical and Space Engineering
Chng 0: M u, gii thiu mn hc
Chng I: Gii thiu chung v nhc li mt s
khi nim
Chng II: Kh ng n hi tnh
Chng III: Kh ng n hi ng (HuyVQ)
Ni dung
TS. V nh Qu 2
21/05/2014
2
Khi qut v kh ng n hi
Nhc li v kh ng lc hc
L thuyt Cnh mm
TS. V nh Qu 3
TS. V nh Qu 4
Nghin cu c tnh kh ng ca my bay:
Gi thit ???
Cht im Nghin cu cc c tnh bay
Vt th cng tuyt i, c th chuyn ng theo cc trc v quay quanh
cc trc Nghin cu n nh v iu khin my bay

y: Y - Lc ngang Moment lingM
x: D - Lc cn Moment ln nho LR
z: L - Lc nng Moment chc ngc N
21/05/2014
3
TS. V nh Qu 5
My bay: Cht im Cng tuyt i ???
My bay khng phi l vt cng tuyt i
Di tc dng ca ngoi lc cc thnh phn kt cu b bin dng:
Tng tc 2 chiu Xut hin cc hin tng n hi
kh ng
Tng tc lng Rn (Fluid-Structure Interaction FSI)
Thay i c tnh kh ng
Hn ch kh nng chu ti ca kt cu khi tc bay tng, khi c xung va
chm lc h cnh hoc khi gp cc dng nhiu ng trong qu trnh bay
Video: TACOMA
TS. V nh Qu 6
21/05/2014
4
Khi nim:
Aeroelasticity is the science which studies the interactions
among inertial, elastic, and aerodynamic forces.
Kh ng n hi nghin cu s tng tc gia ba lc: lc kh
ng, lc n hi v lc qun tnh.

TS. V nh Qu 7
Phn loi:
Tam gic COLLAR (1946):
TS. V nh Qu 8
A
I
E
Static Aeroelasticity
AEROELASTICITY
Bafting, Flutter,
Fluid
Mechanics
Aerodynamic
Forces
Dynamics
Inertial Forces
Structural
Mechanics
Elastic Forces
21/05/2014
5
TS. V nh Qu 9
A
I
E
AEROELASTICITY
Bafting, Flutter,
3 nh:
A: Lc kh ng Aerodynamics Force
E: Lc n hi Elastic Force
I: Lc qun tnh Inertial Force
TS. V nh Qu 10
A
I
E
AEROELASTICITY
Bafting, Flutter,
3 Cnh:
AI: Tng tc gia lc kh ng
v lc qun tnh (b qua lc n
hi, coi my bay l cht im hoc
vt rn tuyt i) Cc vn lin
quan n c hc vt bay
21/05/2014
6
TS. V nh Qu 11
A
I
E
AEROELASTICITY
Bafting, Flutter,
3 Cnh:
AE: Tng tc gia lc kh ng
v lc n hi kt cu (b qua lc
qun tnh) Cc hin tng kh
ng n hi tnh
TS. V nh Qu 12
Cc hin tng HK tnh:
Xon ph hy cnh:
Lc kh ng lm tng gc tn cnh n gii hn kt
cu b ph hy (gc xon ln n v cng)
Gim hiu qu iu khin:
Bin dng kt cu treo cc cnh li Gim hiu qu lm
vic ca cnh li
Thay i phn b lc nng do bin dng:
nh hng bin dng n hi ca kt cu n phn b
p sut trn kt cu
21/05/2014
7
TS. V nh Qu 13
Cc hin tng HK tnh:
o chiu tc dng ca cnh li:
Bin dng kt cu treo cc cnh li Gim hiu qu lm
vic ca cnh li n tc gii hn ca hin tng
o chiu tc dng, hiu qu lm vic ca cc cnh li
bng khng, vt qu tc ny tc dng iu khin ca
cc cnh li s ngc li
Cc hin tng HK tnh:
TS. V nh Qu 14
V d: Xon ph hy cnh
Lc kh ng theo vn tc
Bin dng un + xon
Thay i gc tn
??????
Un cnh
Un + xon
Phn b li
lc kh ng
21/05/2014
8
Cc hin tng HK tnh:
TS. V nh Qu 15
V d: Xon ph hy cnh
Trng hp 2: Vn tc dng chy hay gc tn tin n
mt gi tr gii hn
n nh tnh: Nhng vi s phn b li ca ti kh ng
Trng hp 1: Vn tc dng chy hay l gc tn tng
v hn
Bt n nh tnh: Divergence (S ph hy)
TS. V nh Qu 16
A
I
E
AEROELASTICITY
Bafting, Flutter,
3 Cnh:
IE: Tng tc gia lc qun tnh
v lc n hi Cc vn lin
quan n dao ng kt cu
21/05/2014
9
TS. V nh Qu 17
A
I
E
AEROELASTICITY
Bafting, Flutter,
Trng tm:
Tng tc ng thi ca c ba lc Kh
ng n hi Qun tnh Cc hin
tng n hi Kh ng ng
Hin tng flutter - F
Hin tng Bafting - B
Hin tng phn ng ng lc - Z
Cc hin tng HK ng:
Hin tng flutter:
Hin tng rung lc kt cu do dao ng iu ha t kch
Hin tng Bafting:
Hin tng rung lc kt cu do dao ng cng bc kt
cu
Thng gp phn ui (xoy ca dng kh b t dng
khi chy qua cc thnh phn kt cu ca phn trc c
tn s trng vi tn s dao ng ring ca phn kt cu
no )
Hin tng phn ng ng lc
Bin dng n hi do tc ng ln kt cu
TS. V nh Qu 18
21/05/2014
10
Cc hin tng HK ng:
TS. V nh Qu 19
V d: Xon ph hy cnh
Dao ng ng c, nhiu
lon dng kh
Cnh dao ng
Lc kh ng ph
thuc vn tc dng
kh + tn s rung
Kch thch
cnh
??????
Un cnh
Un + xon
Cc hin tng HK ng:
TS. V nh Qu 20
V d: Xon ph hy cnh
Trng hp 2: Cnh dao ng vi bin khng i
hoc gim dn
n nh ng
Trng hp 1: Cnh dao ng vi bin tng dn
Bt n nh ng: Hin tng Flutter
21/05/2014
11
Hin tng HK xut hin?
Ngay t khi c cc kh c bay nng hn khng kh (1452-1500:
Leonard de Vinci)
Cc hin tng HK bt u c nghin cu?
T nm 1903 - Xon ph hy my bay mt tng cnh - gio s
Langley (M)
Tuy nhin cc vn v HK thc s c cc
nh khoa hc quan tm vo nhng nm 30 ca th
k 20:
Cn tng tc bay ngang ca my bay mt tng cnh,
Nhiu tai nn do cc hin tng HK
TS. V nh Qu 21
Lnh vc lin quan:
Hng khng, v tr, ng tu, nng lng ht nhn, xy dng
dn dng
Hin tng H K v n hi thy ng:
Tng t nhau
Khc vi n hi thy ng, lu lng nc qua kt cu vt th
khng th b qua
Nghin cu tng tc F-S: Cc thng s nh hng
chnh n HK
TS. V nh Qu 22
21/05/2014
12
Video
TS. V nh Qu 23
VIN C KH NG LC
Bi ging:
KH NG N HI
(Aeroelasticity)

BM. KT Hng khng v V tr,
Vin C kh ng lc
VP : 205-C8
T : 043 869 25 25
Email : bmktkhvt.hust@gmail.com
TS. V nh Qu
Mobile: 0987 015 666
Email : vudinhquy.hust@gmail.com
21/05/2014
13
Chng 0: M u, gii thiu mn hc
Chng I: Gii thiu chung v nhc li mt s
khi nim
Chng II: Kh ng n hi tnh
Chng III: Kh ng n hi ng (HuyVQ)
Ni dung
TS. V nh Qu 25
Nhc li v kh ng lc hc
L thuyt Cnh mm
TS. V nh Qu 26
21/05/2014
14
Nghin cu kh nng to lc
nng trong qu trnh chuyn
ng ca my bay.
Ti u ha hnh dng lc
nng ln nht nhng vn m
bo lc cn nh nht m bo
tiu tn nng lng t nht.
Kh nng li n nh trong qu
trnh bay
Tr gip cc hot ng trong
qu trnh bay
Vai tr ca kh ng lc hc i vi hng khng
27
Cnh my
bay to lc
nng v tham
gia vo mt
s iu khin
?
Nghin cu bin dng
cnh, hnh dng cnh :
lc nng ln nht
lc cn nh nht
Bin dng cnh (profile, airfoil)
28
Mp ra
(Trailing
Edge)
Mp vo
(Leading
Edge)
bin dng cnh
(profile)
nh ngha:
Mt ct to ra khi ta ct cnh
bi mt mt phng vung gc
vi ng tm gi l bin dng
cnh hay profil cnh
Ty thuc vo loi my bay
mi v tr l mt profil khc
nhau
21/05/2014
15
29
Gc tn
Mp vo (Leading Edge)
Mp ra (Trailing Edge)
Dy cung (Cord line)
ng vng-ng trung bnh
(Mean Camber line)
vng (Camber)
vng ln nht (Max. Camber)
dy (Thickness)
dy ln nht (Max. Thickness)
Gc tn hay gc ti (Angle Of Attack
AOA)
Mp vo
(Leading
Edge)
Mp ra
(Trailing
Edge)
ng vng
(camber line)
dy cung (cord line)
v tr vng ln
nht
di dy cung
vng
30
Gc tn
(Angle Of Attack)
Gc t cnh
(Angle Of Incidence)
21/05/2014
16
Profile NACA 4 s, 5 s (M)
Profile Joukowski (Nga)
Profile Gttingen (c)
Profile Clack Y
Profile Eppler
Profile GAW (General Aviation-Whitcomb)
..
Cc loi profile cnh (Airfoil)
31
NACA 4 s:
K hiu: NACA+4 s t nhin (v d: NACA0012, NACA2412 )
ngha: NACAXYZT

H profile NACA
32
NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics)
Mp vo
(Leading
Edge)
Mp ra
(Trailing
Edge)
ng vng
(camber line)
dy cung (cord line)
v tr vng ln
nht
di dy cung
vng
X: vng ln nht so
vi 1/100 dy cung
Y: v tr vng ln nht
so vi 1/10 dy cung
ZT: dy ln nht tnh
theo phn trm dy cung
21/05/2014
17
NACA4512
H profile NACA
33
vng ln nht = 4% dy cung
(X=0,04C)
V tr vng ln nht =5/10 dy cung
(Y=0,5C)
dy tng i ln nht =12% dy cung
(ZT=0,12C)
NACA 5 s:
K hiu: NACA+5 s t nhin (v d: NACA23012, NACA23015 )
ngha: NACAXYZTU

H profile NACA
34
NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics)
Mp vo
(Leading
Edge)
Mp ra
(Trailing
Edge)
ng vng
(camber line)
dy cung (cord line)
v tr vng ln
nht
di dy cung
vng
X: x*3/20 h s lc
nng theo thit k
YZ: chia 2 v tr
vng ln nht so % dy
cung
TU: dy ln nht tnh
theo % dy cung
21/05/2014
18
NACA23012
H profile NACA
35
Nhn 3/20Cl=2*3/20=0,3 (h
s lc nng thit k)
v tr vng ln nht 15% dy cung
(chia 2 tnh theo phn 100 dy cung)
(30/2/100C=0,15C)
dy tng i ln nht =12% dy cung
(0,12C)
Bi ton: xy dng bin dng profile?
H profile NACA
TS. V nh Qu 36
NACA2412
?
Phng trnh ng vng
Phng trnh dy
21/05/2014
19
Xy dng bin dng profile NACA 4 s:

H profile NACA
37
y:
x: ta dc theo dy cung t n C
t: dy ln nht ( dy mx 12% th t=0.12)
m: vng ln nht tnh theo phn % dy cung
p: v tr vng ln nht tnh theo phn 10 dy cung
yt: dy
yc vng
Phng
trnh ng
vng
Phng
trnh dy

m, t, p, x
p
?

H profile NACA
38
k hiu profile
y
t
, y
c
?

(x
u
, y
u
); (x
l
, y
l
)?

Xy dng bin dng profile:
21/05/2014
20
H profile NACA
39
Xy dng bin dng profile:
NACAXYZT
Phn mm sn c (excel, visual basic, )
D liu (bng ta ) xy dng sn

Thng s hnh hc ca cnh
TS. V nh Qu 40
Dy cung
Si cnh
Din tch cnh
T s thon
T s dng
Gc mi tn
Gc nh din
21/05/2014
21
Din tch cnh l hnh chiu nhn t trn ca
my bay bao gm c thn
41
S
Si cnh b: Khong cch gia hai u mt cnh(bng
hai ln khong cch t ng tm ti u mt cnh)

42
b
21/05/2014
22
T s thon cnh:
43
t
r
c
c
=
c
t
: dy cung u cnh
(cord tip)
c
r
: dy cung gc cnh
(cord root)
c
t
c
r
c

T s dng:
(Aspect Ratio)
44
2
b
AR
S
= A =
b: si cnh
S: din tch cnh
AR ln
AR nh
21/05/2014
23
TS. V nh Qu 45
T s dng:(Aspect Ratio)
Gc mi tn (sweep angle):
(+) v pha sau
() trc
X29
()
(+) gc
mi
tn
ng
dy cung
21/05/2014
24
Gc nh din (dihedral angle)
47
Gc nh din dng
Gc nh din m
Cc dng cnh:
Cnh hnh ch nht Rectangular wing
Cnh hnh thang (thon) Tapered wing
Cnh mi tn Swept wing
Cnh elip Elliptical wing
Cnh xon Twist wing

48
21/05/2014
25
V d 1: Tm t s dng ca cnh delta theo gc
mi tn ti mp vo
LE
TS. V nh Qu 49
V d 2: Tnh cc thng s hnh hc cnh ca
tu con thoi v tr. Cnh thc ca tu v tr c
thay th bng cnh mi tn v
hnh thang. Cc thng s bit: Dy cung gc
cnh c
r
=57,44ft, mp cnh c
t
=11,48ft v si cnh
b=78,056ft.
Lc kh ng
50
Lc nng (Lift) (L) thnh phn vung gc vi phng vn tc v
cng ca lc kh ng
Lc cn (Drag) (D) thnh phn song song vi phng vn tc v
cng ca lc kh ng
Lc vung gc (KH N): thnh phn vung gc vi dy cung ca lc
kh ng
Lc dc trc (KH A): thnh phn song song vi dy cung ca lc
kh ng

21/05/2014
26
2
2
1

= U q
Lc kh ng
TS. V nh Qu 51
=
q
p p
C
p
p sut ng:
H s p sut:
H s lc nng:
H s Lc cn:
H s lc nng vung gc:
H s lc cn vung gc:
H s m men:
S q
L
C
L
=
S q
D
C
D
=
Sc q
M
C
M
=
S q
N
C
N
=
S q
A
C
A
=
Cc h s kh ng
Lc kh ng
Cn kh ng o lc kh ng
H s lc
nng, h s
lc cn
21/05/2014
27
H s lc kh ng
53
H s lc nng theo
gc ti
H s lc cn
theo gc ti
ng c tnh ca profile
Cht lng
profile
gc tht tc
(stall angle)
H s lc kh ng
th C
L
/C
D
th L/D
th cht lng kh ng
Mi loi
profile
D liu
c sn
Cht lng
profile
21/05/2014
28
H s lc kh ng
nh hng ca b dy:
VD: NACA4421 v 4409
Profile dy hn alpha max ln hn
nh hng ca vng:
Vng hn s c h s lc nng ln hn
Tuy nhin gc tht tc s nh hn
H s lc kh ng
56
21/05/2014
29
H s lc kh ng
TS. V nh Qu 57
nh hng ca t s dng:
Bi 1: Trong chuyn ng tc thp, dng chy
khng nn c. Kt qu th nghim nhn c i
vi profile NACA 4412 gc tn 4 l: Cl=0.85,
Cm,c/4=-0.09.
Hy tm v tr ca tm p.
Bi tp ng dng
58
21/05/2014
30
Bi 2
Mt profile cnh l tm phng mng dy cung 1m, chuyn ng trong khng
kh vi gc tn 10. Ta o c ng sut php v ng sut tip trn lng cnh v
bng cnh ln lt l:

y x l khong cch tnh t mp vo hng ti mp ra ca profile
1. Hy tnh lc vung gc, lc dc trc
2. Hy tnh h s lc nng v h s lc cn

Bi tp ng dng
59
Bi 3: My bay Cessna Skyhawk 172R l loi my bay
du lch bay bng vn tc 60m/s, cao 4000m ni
c khi lng ring 0,819 (kg/m
3
). Khi lng ca my
bay l 1100kg v din tch cnh l 16,2m. H s lc
cn o c trong iu kin ny l 0,0416.
Hy tnh h s lc nng v tm p
Bi tp ng dng
60
21/05/2014
31
VIN C KH NG LC
61 Kh ng n hi
Bi ging:
KH NG N HI
M hnh th nghim
Kh ng n hi 62
Tm cch nghin cu hin tng? Nhng thng s
quan trng ca KH?
Xc nh bn cht ca s tng tc?
Khc phc?

h(t)
u(t)
xcg
shear
center
x
c.g.
restrict to small angle
21/05/2014
32
Kh ng n hi lin quan n s tng tc gia lc kh
ng v bin dng kt cu Cn c m hnh nghin
cu s tng tc
M hnh cn n gin d dng trong vic gii thch cc
hin tng
M hnh cn c cc c trng ca lc kh ng, lc n hi
v lc qun tnh
Lc/bin dng c m hnh ha bi cnh thng c th bin dng
un (bending), xon (twist)
c trng kh ng mi quan h gia lc kh ng v bin dng
M hnh cn c trng c cho tng tc kh ng/n hi
M hnh c nhiu gi thit rt gn nhng vn c trng c tnh
cht vt l ca hin tng

M hnh nghin cu
Kh ng n hi 63
M hnh?
Kh ng n hi 64
n nh?
Ngun gc bt n nh, bt
thng?
M hnh ha, n gin ha?
21/05/2014
33
Pht trin m hnh n gin
D on cc hin tng vt l
Xc nh cc thng s quan trng
Xc nh nguyn nhn, bn cht tng tc
Gim thiu tnh phc tp ca cc phng trnh
ton hc
M hnh ton hc n gin (kt cu, kh ng ...)
Lin h gia m hnh ton v thc nghim
Bi ton m hnh ha
Kh ng n hi 65
M hnh t bc t do
Kh ng n hi 66
h(t)
u(t)
xcg
shear
center
x
c.g.
Lc nng, L
Mmen
chc ngc
M
AC
cng
K
h
h
cng xon
K
T
u
Chuyn v, h
21/05/2014
34
M hnh ton hc biu din mi quan h gia lc nng, m
men chc ngc v gc ti
Kh ng n hi 67
20 10 0 -10 -20
-20
-10
0
10
20
Hypothetical lift curve
alpha, angle of attack (degrees)
C
L
*
5

=

5

t
i
m
e
s

t
h
e

l
i
f
t

c
o
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
CL = (0.95343*alpha
+ 0.0012411*alpha^3
- 0.0000060698*alpha^5 )/5

o
o
L L
qSC qSC L = =
H s lc nng, h s mmen
Mref ref
qScC M =
2
1
2
q V =
Gc ti, o
o
o
L L
qSC qSC L = =
Kh ng n hi 68
ref o
M M x L = +
nh ngha tm p
0 =
ref
M
( ) o f
L
M
x
o
cp
=
=
Phng trnh cn bng mmen
L
x
M
O

Tm p
Tm p
21/05/2014
35
Kh ng n hi 69
c c
co co o
c
+ =
c
ref
o
AC
M
M L
x
o
o
AC
M
M
x
L
L
c
c
co
c
c
co
= =
Tnh s thay i m men kh ng theo
gc ti
Tm kh ng dy cung i
vi profile 2D trong
trng hp dng khng
nn c
L
x
AC
M
O

Tm kh
ng
0
AC
M c
co
=
+ =
o ref
Lx M M
Tm kh ng
Kh ng n hi 70
2
2
1
Gtbh
GJ
h
b
=
+
u
=
d
T GJ
dy
u
T thc t ti m hnh
Hp cnh Boeing 727
h
b
t M men
xon=T
M hnh ha hin tng xon cnh
21/05/2014
36
M hnh tit din 1 bc t do
Kh ng n hi 71

Do cung chong xoan
K
T
u
e
V
L
1 bc t dou, gc xon cnh
Kt cu sinh ra m men
chng ti s xon cnh u
M
s
=K
T
u, m men ny thay
i tuyn tnh vi gc xon
M
u
H s K
T
l cng chng xon
Tm kh ng Tm
xon?
Phng trnh cn bng m men xon, u
Kh ng n hi 72
Torsion spring
K
T
u
e
u
T AC
K M Le = +
( )
T L L o MAC
K qSeC qSeC qScC
o
o
u o = +
( )
T L o MAC
K qSeC qScC
o
u o u = + +
Tm xon
dy cung
Khong cch gia tm kh
ng v tm xon
21/05/2014
37
Kh ng n hi 73
MAC
L o
L
T L
C c
qSeC
e C
K qSeC
o
o
o
o
u
| |
|
+
|
\ .
=
Gi tr gc xonu
Kh ng n hi 74
( )
0
MAC
L o
L
flex L L o
T L
C c
qSeC
e C
L qSC qSC
K qSeC
o
o
o o
o
o
o u o
| |
| |
| +
|
|
|
\ .
= + = +
|
|
|
\ .
Lc nng
0 rigid L
L qSC
o
o =
21/05/2014
38
Kh ng n hi 75
( )
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
=
o
o
o o
o
o o
L T
L
MAC
o L L T o
L
qSeC K
C
C
e
c
qSeC qSeC K
qSC L
1
MAC
o
T
L
L
T
qScC
K
L qSC
qSeC
K
o
o
o
| |
+
|
|
=
|
|
|
\ .
Lc nng
T
L
K
qSeC
q
o
=
Tham s kh
ng n hi
1
L
MAC
o
L
qSC
C c
q
q e C
o
o
o
| |
| |
| = +
|
|
\ .
\ .

TS. V nh Qu 76
21/05/2014
39
Tc ng nhiu ng nh vo h cn bng
tnh?

C 3 kh nng
Kh ng n hi tnh
4-
77
( )
L
L qSC
o
u A = A
( ) ( )
( )
T L T L L o
K qSeC K qSeC qSeC
o o o
u u o + A =
( ) T L L o
K qSeC qSeC
o o
u o =
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi
4-
78
K
T
(Au) > (AL)e
n nh tnh, h c xu hng tr li
Trng thi mi khng n nh
K
T
(Au) < (AL)e
Bt n nh
K
T
(Au) = (AL)e
H v tr mi
V tr cn bng mi Au
21/05/2014
40
Kh ng n hi
4-
79
Cn bng trung gian:

Hoc
( )( )
0
T L
K qSeC
o
u A =
T D L
K q SeC
o
=
T
D
L
K
q
SeC
o
=
4-
80
( )
D K L o
M qSeC
o
o u = +
KC T
M K u =
u
SC
M
im cn bng
Gc nghing qSeC
L
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
41
4-
81
im cn bng
u A
( )
KD L o
M qSeC
o
o u = +
SC
M
KC T
M K u =
u
H ang cn bng, nu tc ng , mt trong hai thnh phn m men s ln
hn
Kh ng n hi
4-
82
im cn bng nm xa v hn
( )
KD Div L o
M q SeC
o
o u = +
Hai ng m men //
SC
M
KC T
M K u =
u
Gc nghing ng mmen kh ng ph thuc vo vn tc.
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
42
4-
83
( )
KD L o
M qSeC
o
o u = +
SC
M
KC T
M K u =
u
Khi vn tc ln hn vn tc ti hn, hai ng m men ct nhau ti im m
Bt n nh
Kh ng n hi
SC SC
effective e
M M
K K
c
u cu
A
= = =
A
4-
84
( )
T L AC SC
K qSeC Le M M
o
u = + =
effective T L
K K qSeC
o
=
cng kh ng n hi gim khi q tng
u
sc
M
cng Kh ng n hi
cng kh ng tng khi vn tc dng kh tng
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
43
Gc nhn khc
Xt m hnh 1 bc t do

B qua nh hng ng vng
4-
85
( )
1 1
L o
o
T
qSeC
q
K q q
o
o
o
u = =

Kh ng n hi
q
q
o
=
1
o
u
4-
86
2 3
1
1
1 ... 1
1
n
o o
n
q q q q q q
q
o o

=
| | | |
= + + + + = +
| |
\ . \ .

Vit di dng khai trin chui
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
44
Kh ng n hi
4-
87
( )
2
1 ...
o
q q q u o = + + +
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Khi:
Tng chui l 2
0.5 q =
0.5 q =
Phn chui v hn l thnh phn gc h s khuch i khi cha tnh n kh
ng n hi
( )
2
1 ...
o
q q q u o = + + +
4-
88
T
o L
o
K
qSeC o
u
o
=
o
l gc xon khi
cha c s tng
tc lc/bin dng
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
45
( )
2
1 ...
o
q q u u = + + +
4-
89
T
o L
o
K
qSeC o
u
o
=
2
...
o o o
q q u u u u = + + +
Kh ng n hi
T
o L
o
K
qSeC
q
u
u u
o
= =
1
4-
90
y l bin dng khi gc tn l u
o
ch
khng phi l o
o

1
2
2
u u u q q
o
= =
Thnh phn th 3
Thnh phn th 2 l ng x ca thnh phn th
nht:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
46
4-
91
Mi thnh phn ca khai trin l s thay i
gc xon khi tnh n tng tc lc/bin dng

=
+ =
1
0
n
n
u u u |
.
|
\
|
+ =

=1
1
n
n
o
q u u
1 < q
1 > q
Chui hi t
Chui phn k
Kh ng n hi
Thc t: ng h s lc nng ph thuc s
Mach
Hin tng xon ph hy khi tnh n nh
hng ca s Mach ti h s lc nng
Kh ng n hi
5-
92
21/05/2014
47
5-
93
0
o
o
L
T
Do
L
T
D
SeC
K
q
SeC
K
q
=
=
2
1
0
M
C
C
L
L
=
o
o
2
2
1
1
0
M q
SeC
M K
q
Do
L
T
D
=
=
o
nh hng ca s Mach ti h s lc nng (Prandtl-Glauert) dng di m
Biu din theo vs. M
Kh ng n hi
2
2
1
1
0
M q
SeC
M K
q
Do
L
T
D
=
=
o
5-
94
2 2 2
1 1
2 2
atmosphere a
a
q q
q V a M
=
= =
Vn tc m, a," ph thuc nhit v nhit thay i theo cao
M=V/a
N s Mach
Kh ng n hi
S Mach ph thuc cao v Vn tc dng kh
21/05/2014
48
2
1
2
1
a q =
5-
95
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
D D D Do
M q M a M q = =
( )
4 2
2
1
1
D D
Do
M M
q
q
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
Kh ng n hi
5-
96
0
2
1
2
2
1
4
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
q
q
M
q
q
M
Do
D
Do
D
1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00
0
50
100
150
200
250
Mach number
d
y
n
a
m
i
c

p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

(
l
b
/
s
q
.

f
t
)
divergence q
sea level q
20,000 ft.
40,000 ft.
2
1 M q
Do

2 2 2
2
1
2
1
M a V q
q q
a
a atmosphere
= =
=
Kh ng n hi
xc nh M
D
cn gii phng trnh bc 2
21/05/2014
49
1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Mach number
d
y
n
a
m
i
c

p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

(
l
b
/
s
q
.

f
t
)
divergence q
sea level q
20,000 ft.
40,000 ft.
Kh ng n hi
5-
97
Mun tng s Mach ti hn cn tng cng
Gc nghing ng h s lc nng l mt thng
s nh hng n vn tc ti hn
Ph thuc vo s Mach

S Mach ti hn cn thm vo trong phng
trnh

Kh ng n hi
5-
98
21/05/2014
50
H 2 bc t do
99
u cnh
gc xon
gc cnh
L xo
Kh ng n hi
H 2 bc t do
100
tm
1
tm
2
trc kh
ng
tm
xo
n
T
h
n

Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
51
H 2 bc t do
101
u cnh
Gc cnh
M men xon
Kh ng n hi
H 2 bc t do
102
( )
1 1 1 2 1
0 3 2
T T
M Le K K u u u = = +
( )
2 2 2 1
0 2
T
M L e K u u = =
Vit di dng ma trn:

)
`
=
)
`
)
`

1
1
1 0
0 1
2 2
2 5
2
1
2
1
o L L T
qSeC qSeC K o
u
u
u
u
o o
L
1
= qSC
L
o
o
o
+u
1
( )

L
2
= qSC
L
o
o
o
+ u
2
( )

Phng trnh cn bng m men xon
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
52
H 2 bc t do
Kh ng n hi
5-
103
Theo bo ton nng lng
( )
2
2
1 2 1
1 1
(3 ) (2 )
2 2
T T
U K K u u u = +
( )( )
1 2 1
1
(3 ) (2 ) 1
T T
U
K K u u u
u
c
= +
c
( )( )
2
11
2
1
(3 ) (2 ) 1 1 5
T T T
U
K K K K
u
c
= + = =
c
( )( )
2
1 12
1 2
(2 ) 1 1 2
T T
U
K K K
u u
c
= = =
c c
H 2 bc t do
104
| |
)
`
=
)
`
1
1
2
1
o L T
qSC K o
u
u
o
Ma trn cng kh ng n hi
T
K (

Kt hp ma trn cng n hi + kh ng:
{ } | | {} 1
1
=
T o L i
K qSeC o u
o
Nghch o ma trn gii u
1
v u
2

)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`

1
1
1 0
0 1
2 2
2 5
2
1
2
1
o L L T
qSeC qSeC K o
u
u
u
u
o o
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
53
H 2 bc t do
105
11 12
21 22
T
K K
K
K K
(
( =
(

1
11 12 22 12
21 22 21 11
1
K K K K
K K K K
( (
=
( (
A

11 22 12 21
K K K K A =
Kh ng n hi
H 2 bc t do
Kh ng n hi
5-
106
nh thc ca ma trn cng kh ng n
hi ph thuc q
11 22 12 21
K K K K A =
( )( )
2
7 6
1 6
q q
q q
A = +
A =
Trong
L
T
qSeC
q
K
o
=
Khi q tng A 0 ?
21/05/2014
54
H 2 bc t do
Kh ng n hi 107
8 6 4 2 0
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
STABLE
UNSTABLE

q
A lun > 0
th A theo q
( )( )
1 6 q q A =
H 2 bc t do
108
1
2
4
7
o
q
q
q
u
o
u

=
` `
A
) )
L
T
qSeC
q
K
o
=
Nghim:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
55
H 2 bc t do
109
e
b/2 b/2
shear
centers
aero
centers
panel 1
3KT 2KT
panel 2
V
A
A
view A-A
oo+ u1
oo+ u2
Unstable q region
Outboard
panel (2)
A = 0
g
c

x
o
n
,

u
i
/
o
o

divergence
th A theo q
Kh ng n hi
H 2 bc t do
110
( )
1 5.5
flex
rigid
L
q
q
L
= +
A
( )
1 5.5
flex total L o
q
L qS C q
o
o
| |
= +
|
A
\ .
( )
1 5.5
2
flex total L o
q W
L qS C q
o
o
| |
= + =
|
A
\ .
Lc nng = trng lng
S thay i lc nng
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
56
L
1
L
2

`
)
= qSC
L
o
o
o
1 +
q 4 q ( )
A
1 +
q 7 q ( )
A

`

)

H 2 bc t do
111
( ) ( )
2 5.5
o
total L
W
qS C q q
o
o
A
=
A+
L
1
L
2

`
)
=
W
2 4 q ( )
2 q
2

`
)
Nhn xt Cnh ngoi s chu lc nhiu hn khi q tng
S thay i lc nng do kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi
5-
112
nh thc ca ma trn cng kh ng n
hi ph thuc q
11 22 12 21
K K K K A =
( )( )
2
7 6
1 6
q q
q q
A = +
A =
Trong
L
T
qSeC
q
K
o
=
Khi q tng, A = 0 Bt n nh (Divergence)
21/05/2014
57
H 2 bc t do
113
A = 0 phng trnh c tnh KH
8 6 4 2 0
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
STABLE
UNSTABLE
q
( )( )
2
7 6
1 6 0
1, 6
D D
D
q q
q q
q
A = +
A = =
=
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi
5-
114
1 1
2 2
5 2 1 0 0
2 2 0 1 0
L
T
qSeC
K
o
u u
u u
( (
+ =
` ` `
( (

) ) )
1 1 1
2 2 2
5 2 1 0 4 2 0
(1)
2 2 0 1 2 1 0
u u u
u u u
( ( (
+ = =
` ` ` `
( ( (

) ) ) )
2
1 2
1
2
1 2
1
1
4 2 0 2
2 0 2
D
with q
u
u u
u
u
u u
u
=
= =
+ = =
2
1 2
1
2
1 2
1
6
1
2 0
2
1
2 4 0
2
D
with q
u
u u
u
u
u u
u
=
= =
= =
1 2
21/05/2014
58
H 2 bc t do
115
e
b/2 b/2
shear
centers
aero
centers
panel 1
3KT 2KT
panel 2
V
A
A
view A-A
oo+ u1
oo+ u2
Unstable q region
Outboard
panel (2)
A = 0
g
c

x
o
n
,

u
i
/
o
o

divergence
th A theo q
( )( )
2
7 6
1 6
q q
q q
A = +
A =
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi
6-
116
Hiu qu iu khin
21/05/2014
59
Nghin cu nh hng KH ti hiu qu iu khin ca cnh ling
Hiu qu iu khin
117 Kh ng n hi
Hiu qu iu khin
6-
118
K
T
Gc xon
L
( 0)
L o L
o
AC MAC o
L qSC qSC
M qScC
o
o
o
o u
o
o
= +
=
=
M hnh:
Cnh ling lch gc o
0
Gc xon u
B qua o
0
Lc v m men do
cnh ling sinh ra:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
60
Hiu qu iu khin
119
T s flap-to-chord
c
c
E
f
=
( ) ( ) ( ) E E E
C
C
L
L
+ =

1 2 2 1 cos
1
t
o
o
( ) ( )
1 1
L
MAC
C
C E E E
o
o
t
=
Cng thc xp x Herman Glauerts: C
Ld
v C
MACd

H s m men i vi trc kh ng sinh ra bi cnh ling:
H s lc nng cnh ling:
Kh ng n hi
Hiu qu iu khin
120
0
T sc AC
Le M M K u = = +
e
0 =
o
o
B qua nh hng vng
L
Cn bng m men i vi
trc xon:
0
L o T L MAC
qSeC qSeC qScC K
o o
o
o u u + = +
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
61
Hiu qu iu khin
121
o
L T
MAC L
qSeC K
C
e
c
C qSe
o u
o
o o
|
.
|
\
|
+
=
Lc
u o
o
o
L o L
qSC qSC L + =
Gc xon:
Kh ng n hi
Hiu qu iu khin
122
1
1
MAC
D L
L o
D
C
q c
q e C
L qSC
q
q
o
o
o
o
| |
| |
| +
|
|
\ .
\ .
=
o L rigid
qSC L o
o
=
So snh vi lc khi khng c nh
hng KH
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
62
Hiu qu iu khin
7-
123
|
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
D
R
o L o
q
q
q
q
qSC L
1
1
o
o
|
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
R
D
L
o
o
q
q
q
q
qSC
L
1
1
o
o
Gc iu khin
Lc tng do iu
khin s tng theo q
Bt n nh?
1 1 MAC
R D L
C
c
q q e C
o
o
| |
=
|
\ .
Kh ng n hi
Hiu qu iu khin
124
0 =
flex
L
Cnh ling Lc, mmen ling
Tn ti gi tr p sut ng ti lc, m men (sinh ra bi gc
ling) = 0 ?
Trng hp iu khin nhng lc sinh ra = 0?
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
63
Hiu qu iu khin
125
1
0
1
MAC
D L
L o
D
C
q c
q e C
L qSC
q
q
o
o
o
o
| |
| |
+ |
|
|
\ .
\ .
= =
L=0o chiu
L=v cng bt n nh
Kh ng n hi
Hiu qu iu khin
126
1 0
MAC
R
D L
C
q c
q e C
o
o
| |
+ =
|
\ .
R reversal
q q q = =
o
o
MAC
L
D R
C
C
c
e
q q =
T s = 0
L
T
R
L MAC
C
K
q
ScC C
o
o
o
| |
| =
|
\ .
du -?
Gi tr p sut ng xy ra o chiu tc dng iu khin:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
64
Hiu qu iu khin
127
aileron lift = qSC
L o
o
o
o
0
e
aerodynamic
center
MAC = qScC
MAC o
o
o
(a) aerodynamic center
representation
o
0
e
aileron lift = qSC
L o
o
o
d
(b) aileron center of
pressure

Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi
6-
128
MAC o
L d qScC
o
o
o =
D: khong cch gia
CP v AC
o
0
e
d
L
o

M
L
C
d
c C
o
o
=
=
+
21/05/2014
65
Hiu qu iu khin
129
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0
0.00
0.10
0.20
Distance from aileron center of pressure
to airfoil aerodynamic center
(Glauert prediction)
flap to chord ratio
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

i
n

c
h
o
r
d

l
e
n
g
t
h
s
quarter chord location
midchord position
shear
center
location
example
E = flap/c
AC
c/2
Cnh ling = cnh
Kh ng n hi
Lc do tm iu khin sinh ra gim i do lc ny sinh ra
m men lm cnh chc xung
Tn ti gi tr q ti lc sinh ra do iu khin =0
Hiu qu iu khin
130 Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
66
Kh ng n hi
5-
131
H nhiu bc t do c c cu
phn hi
Tng q ti hn ca h vi c cu phn hi
Xc nh gii hn n nh ca h nhiu bc t do
panel 1
panel 2
aileron
V
added lift
due to
aileron
added moment
due to aileron
1/4 chord
shear
center

Fdsaf
Fdsaf
Fdsaf
Cnh ling
Tm xon
c
c
Fdsaf
H nhiu bc t do c c cu phn hi
8-
132
e
V
b/2
b/2
shear
centers
aero
centers
panel 1
3K
T
2 K
T
panel 2
aileron

cnh ling
Lc nng, m men ph thuc gc
lch cnh ling?
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
67
8-
133
( )
2 2 L o L o
L qSC qSC
o
o
o u o = + +
2
AC MAC o
M qScC
o
o =
i vi tm kh ng @ dy cung
Lc nng, m men ph thuc gc lch cnh ling?
Kh ng n hi
8-
134
)
`
+
)
`
+
)
`
=
)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`

o
MAC
o
L o L
L T
qScC qSeC qSeC
Q
Q
qSeC K
o o
o
u
u
u
u
o
o o
o
0 0
1
1
1 0
0 1
2 2
2 5
2
1
2
1
2
1
Phng trnh cn bng m men:
Cnh ling
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
68
8-
135
{ }
)
`
+
)
`
+
)
`
=
o
MAC
o
L o L i
qScC qSeC qSeC Q
o o
o
o o o
0 0
1
1
Chia cho K
T

{ }
)
`
+
)
`
+
)
`
=
o T
MAC
o T
L
o
T
L
i
K
qScC
K
qSeC
K
qSeC
Q
o o
o
o o o
0 0
1
1
{ }
)
`
+
)
`
+
)
`
=
1
0
1
0
1
1
o
L
MAC
o
L
L
o i
e
c
C
C
q
C
C
q q Q o o o
o
o
o
o

Kh ng n hi
8-
136
{ }
)
`
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
)
`
=
1
0
1
1
o
L
MAC
L
L
o i
e
c
C
C
C
C
q q Q o o
o
o
o
o
{ }
)
`
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
)
`
=
1
0
1
1
o
L
MAC
o i
e
c
C
C
q q Q o
co
co
o
o
o
MAC
Msc
L
C
c
C
C e
o
o
o
co
co
| |
= + |
|
\ .
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
E = flap/chord ratio
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s

center-of-pressure
distance behind the
1/4 chord
c L delta divided by
lift curve slope
c m delta/lift curve slope
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
69
8-
137
( )
( )
1
2
5 2 1 0
2 2 1 1
o Msc o
q
q qC
q
o
u
o o
u
(

= +
` ` ` (

) ) )

Kh ng n hi
8-
138
( )
( )
0
2 2
2 5
=

q
q
iu khin cnh ling
Gii hn bt n nh khng i?
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
70
Thm c cu phn hi: lin h gia gc lch
cnh ling tm ngoi v gc xon tm trong
Phn hi
8-
139
1 1 o
G o u =
Kh ng n hi
8-
140
( )
( )
1
2 1 1
5 2 0 1
2 2 1
o Msc
q
q qC
q G
o
u
o
u u
(

= +
` ` ` (

) ) )

Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
71
8-
141
1
1 1 1 2
0 0 0
0
M Msc
qC qC
g G
o o
u
u u
(
=
` `
(
) )
( )
( )
1 1
2 1 2
5 2 0 0 1
2 2 0 1
Msc o
q
qC q
q G
o
u u
o
u u
(
(
=
` ` ` (
(

) ) )

-
11 12 1 1
1 1 21 22 2 1 2
0 0 0
0
a a
g a a G
u u
u u u
( (
= =
` ` `
( (
) ) )
L
T
qSeC
q
K
o
=
Kh ng n hi
1 Msc
k C G
o
=
8-
142
( )
( ) ( )
1
2
5 2 1
2 2 1
o
q
q
qk q
u
o
u
(

=
` ` (

) )

Dng khng th nguyn:
( )
( )
1 1
2 1 2
5 2 0 0 1
2 2 0 1
Msc o
q
qC q
q G
o
u u
o
u u
(
(
=
` ` ` (
(

) ) )

Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
72
8-
143
( )
( ) ( )
1
2
5 2 1
2 2 1
o
q
q
qk q
u
o
u
(

=
` ` (

) )

( )
( ) ( )
5 2
0
2 2
q
qk q

=

nh thc
Gi tr q ti hn thay i:
Kh ng n hi
8-
144
2
7 6 2 0
2 0
o
q q qk
qk
A = + =
A = A =
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
73
10 8 6 4 2 0
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
dynamic pressure parameter, q
a
e
r
o
e
l
a
s
t
i
c

s
t
i
f
f
n
e
s
s

d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
a
n
t

b
a
s
e
l
i
n
e

G
=
-
0
.
5

G
=
-
1

G
=
0
.
5

G
=
1

divergence

8-
145
k > 0 lc cnh
ling tng vi
p sut ng q
n
h

t
h
c

Kh ng n hi
8-
146
2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
dynamic pressure parameter
a
e
r
o
e
l
a
s
t
i
c

s
t
i
f
f
n
e
s
s

d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
a
n
t

no aileron
G=-0.5
G=-1
G=0.5
G=1
divergence
divergence
STABLE
REGION
UNSTABLE
REGION
C cu phn hi
tng vn tc ti
hn
A
n
h

t
h
c

p sut ng q
L
T
qSeC
q
K
o
=
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
74
8-
147
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
E = flap/chord ratio
p
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s

center-of-pressure
distance behind the
1/4 chord
c L delta divided by
lift curve slope
c m delta/lift curve slope
All-movable section
Nose-down pitch
l
l
c
c
o
o
o
o
c
=
c
center of pressure behind chord
Big letter, little letter? Whats
the diff?
Kh ng n hi
M hnh vi phn
Chia cnh thnh cc phn t dx
M hnh vi phn
9-
148
T T+dT/dx
dx
tdx
boundary element
boundary element
root
tip
V
x
phn t bin phn t bin
gc
u
V
line of aerodynamic centers
reference, elastic axis
line of centers of mass
c
e
d
L
ng tm kh ng
trc xon
trng tm
( )
dx
d
GJ x T
u
=
cng chng xon
ca kt cu
Vit phng trnh cn bng v tm vn tc ti hn?
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
75
M hnh vi phn
9-149
( ) ( )
l o o
l x qc c qca
o
o o u = = +
2
ac mac
m qc c =
Lc kh ng m men kh ng
V
c
e
d
L
ng tm kh ng
trc xon
trng tm
Kh ng n hi
M hnh vi phn
9-150
( ) ( )
2
( )
o o mac
o l
t x qcea qc c nmgd
a c
o
o u = + + +
=
M men/tm xon
V
c
e
d
L
ng tm kh ng
trc xon
trng tm
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
76
T T+dT/dx
dx
tdx
boundary element
boundary element
root
tip
V
x
phn t bin phn t bin
gc
u
M hnh vi phn
9-151
0 0
x
dT
M T tdx T dx
dx
dT
t dx
dx
| |
E = = + + + =
|
\
| |
+ =
|
\ . .
( )
dT
t x
dx
= ( )
dx
d
GJ x T
u
= ( )
d d
GJ t x
dx dx
u
| |
=
|
\ .
M hnh ha cng
kt cu
Kh ng n hi
M hnh vi phn
9-152
d
dx
GJ
du
dx
|
\
|
.
+ qcea
o
u = qcea
o
o
o
+ qc
2
c
mac
+ nmgd
( )
d
2
u
dx
2
+
qcea
o
GJ
|
\
|
.
u = K
K= qcea
o
o
o
+ qc
2
c
mac
+ nmgd
( )
/ GJ
2
=
qcea
o
GJ
( ) ( )
2
o o mac
t x qcea qc c nmgd o u = + + +
Phng trnh cn bng m men xon
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
77
M hnh vi phn
9-153
' ' u +
2
u = K
( )
2
/ cos sin u K x B x A x + =
( ) ( )( ) 1 cos tan sin
mac
o
o o
c c nmgd
x x L x
e a qcea
u o
| | ( (
(
= + + (
|
( (
(
|

\ .
0
2
4
6
8
10
L
t
a
n
(
L
)
t/2 t/10 2t/10 3t/10 4t/10 0
Bi ton:
Kh ng n hi
M hnh vi phn
9-154
2
0 u u
''
+ =
( )
sin cos x A x B x u = +
Bt n nh?
V
c
e
d
L
ng tm kh ng
trc xon
trng tm
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
78
M hnh vi phn
9-155
2
0 u u
''
+ =
u 0 ( ) = 0
T L ( )= GJ ' u L ( )= 0
Bt n nh?
V
c
e
d
L
ng tm kh ng
trc xon
trng tm
Kh ng n hi
M hnh vi phn
9-156
( )
0 sin *0 cos *0 0 A B u = + =
' cos sin A L B L u =
(0) (1) 0 A B + =
( cos ) ( sin ) 0 A L B L + =
( ) ( )
0 1 0
cos sin 0
A
L L B
(
=
` `
(
) )
Gii hn n nh?
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
79
M hnh vi phn
9-157
cos 0 L A = =
( ) ( )
0 1 0
cos sin 0
A
L L B
(
=
` `
(
) )
( )
2
2
2
2
l D
q ce L n
G
c
L
J
o
t
| |
= =
|
\ .
( )
2
2
o
qcea L
L
GJ
=
L=
t
2
,
3t
2
, ...
2n +1 ( )t
2
2 2
2 2
4
D l
q cec L
L
GJ
o
t
= =
Gi tr ring
Kh ng n hi
M hnh vi phn
9-158
( )
sin cos x A x B x u = +
( )
sin x A x u =
( )
sin
2
x
x A
L
t
u
| |
=
|
\ .
( )
2
2
l D
q ce L n
L
G
c
J
o
t
| |
= =
|
\ .
2
2
2.467
2
l l
D
GJ
GJ
L
q
ce L c Se c
o o
t
| |
= =
|
\ .
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
80
M hnh vi phn
9-159
( )
2
2
0
d d d
GJ GJ
dx dx
Ax
d
x B
x
u u
u
| |
= =
\
=
|
+
.
u 0 ( ) = 0
( )
0
3 3
@ @
4 4
o
o
T L GJ L T GJ A
T
A
GJ
u
| | | |
' = = =
| |
\ . \ .
| |
=
|
\ .
( )
0 B u =
( )
o
x
x T
GJ
u
| |
=
|
\ .
t hp cnh c cng T
o
ti si cnh :
Kh ng n hi
9-160
( )
o
x
x T
GJ
u
| |
=
|
\ .
3
4
3
4
L o
L
T
GJ
u
| |
=
|
\ .
3
4
4
3
o L T
GJ
T K
L
u u
| || |
= =
| |
\ .\ .
4
3
T
D
L
L
GJ
K
L
q
SeC
SeC
o
o
| |
|
| |
\ .
= =
|
\ .
M hnh tit din:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
81
9-161
4
3
T
D
L
L
GJ
K
L
q
SeC
SeC
o
o
| |
|
| |
\ .
= =
|
\ .
2.467
D
l
GJ
L
q
Sec
o
=
M hnh tit din:
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
5-
162
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
82
Xt m hnh cnh mi tn

M hnh cnh mi tn
10-
163

A
B
D
C
V
A
1
1
1
V
section
1-1
| sin
A
|
2
Gc nhn
1-1
Ch N m t s nh hng ca bin dng
un ti lc kh ng
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
Kh ng n hi
10-
164
Thnh phn p sut
ng php tuyn
Trc thn
Trc un
Trc xon
M hnh l tng ha
K 2
K
1
d

f
V
V cos A
b
A

A

B

B

o
o
C
C
c

A

Nghin cu nh hng kh ng n hi trn cnh mi tn:
M hnh 2 bc t do
21/05/2014
83
K 2
K
1
d

f
V
V cos A
b
A

A

B

B

o
o
C
C
c

A

Cnh mi tn
Kh ng n hi
5-
165
Hai l xo
2
1
2
2
K K f
K K d
u
|
=
=
M hnh 2 bc t do bin dng un + xon c trng bi 2 l xo
Cnh mi tn
Hai gc nhn:
A-A
B-B

streamwise
direction
A
u
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e

a
x
is

V
A
A
Vcos A
|
B
B
Vcos A
view A-A
z(x,y)
V
view B-B
z(x,y)
o s
v
n
o
c
v
n
x
y
x
y
v
v
5-
166
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
84
Cnh mi tn
10-
167
A A + = = sin cos | u o o
o freestream
V
v
A
A
A
A
+
A
=
A
= =
cos
sin
cos
cos
cos cos
| u o
o o
o
chordwise c
V
v
( )
tan
structural
chordwise
o u | = A
Gc ti theo cc gc nhn khc nhau:
Theo phng vn tc v cng:
Theo phng dy cung (vn tc php tuyn):
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
Kh ng n hi
5-
168
2
cos
n
q q = A
tan
cos
o
n o
Lift L q cba
o
u |
| |
= = + A
|
A
\ .
Thnh phn p sut ng php tuyn
21/05/2014
85
Bi tp:
Vit phng trnh cn bng m
men un v m men xon ca
m hnh cnh mi tn?
Kh ng n hi
5-
169
K 2
K
1
d

f
V
V cos A
b
A

A

B

B

o
o
C
C
c

A

K 2
K
1
d

f
V
V cos A
b
A

A

B

B

o
o
C
C
c

A

Cnh mi tn
10-
170
( )
2
2
2
tan
2 cos
b
o
o
n l
K d K ly dy
b
K q cc
|
|
o
| |
o
| u |
= =
| |
= + A
|
A
\ .
}
Cn bng m men un:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
86
Cnh mi tn
10-
171
( )
2
1
tan
cos
o
n l
K f K le dy
K q cc eb
u
u
o
u u
o
u u |
= =
| |
= + A
|
A
\ .
}
Cn bng m men xon:
K 2
K
1
d

f
V
V cos A
b
A

A

B

B

o
o
C
C
c

A

Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
10-
172
n l n o
q cbc Q q cba
o
= =
tan t = A
0
2 2 2
0 cos
o
b t
Q
Q
b b
K
K
e e e t
|
u
| |
o
u u
(
(

(
= +
` ` `
(
(
A
) )

)
0
2 2 2
0 cos
o
b b b t
Q
Q
t
K
K
e e e
|
u
|
o
u
(
(
(

(
(
=
` `
(
(
(
A
)

(
)

Phng trnh di dng ma trn:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
87
Cnh mi tn
10-
173
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2
cos
o
b Qtb Qb
K
Q
Qte K Qe
e
|
u
|
o
u
(
+

(
=
` `
(
A
)

)
| |

)
A
=
)
`
e
b
Q
K
o
ij
2
cos
o
u
|
Kt hp ma trn cng n hi v kh ng Ma trn cng kh ng
n hi
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
10-174
( )
2 2
2
bet
Q Qe K
Qbt
K K +
|
.
|
\
|
+ = = A
u |
|
.
|
\
|
+ = A e K
bt
K Q K K
| u | u
2
nh thc (A):
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
88
Cnh mi tn
10-
175
2
bt
K eK
K K
Q
D
u |
| u
=
0 = A
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
=
2
tan
1 cos
2
|
u
u
K
K
e
b
Sea
K
q
o
D
1 gi tr q cho h 2 bc t do?
n o
Q q cba =
Gii hn n nh:
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
10-
176
nh thc (A):
0
2
tan
1 =
A
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
critical
K
K
e
b
|
u
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
> A
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A
u
|
u
|
K
K
b
c
c
e
K
K
b
c
c
e
crit
2 tan
2 tan
1
Khng xy ra mt
n nh nu
Gim bt n nh? cnh mi tn
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
89
Cnh mi tn
10-
177
4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
Critical sweep angle
vs.
stiffness ratio
Kphi/Ktheta
s
w
e
e
p

a
n
g
l
e

f
o
r

d
i
v
e
r
g
e
n
c
e

s
u
p
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n

(
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
)
aspect ratio
b/c=4
aspect ratio
b/c=5
aspect ratio
b/c=6
6 , 5 , 4 =
c
b
1 . 0 =
c
e
Torsional stiffening
is still good
V d:
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
10-
178
90 75 60 45 30 15 0 -15 -30 -45 -60 -75 -90
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
nondimensional divergence dynamic
pressure vs. wi ng sweep angle
sweep angle
(degrees)
n
o
n
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
a
l

d
i
v
e
r
g
e
n
c
e

d
y
n
a
m
i
c

p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

5.72 degrees
sweep forward
sweep back
6
b
c
=
1 . 0 =
c
e
3 =
u
|
K
K
A A A
= =
cos sin 10 cos
1
2
o
D
D
Sea
K
q
q
u
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
90
Bin dng un lm gim lc nng
Khng xy ra xon ph hy khi gc mi tn > 5
Hiu qu lc nng s gim
Cnh mi tn
10-
179
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi
5-
180
K 2
K
1
d

f
V
V cos A
b
A

A

B

B

o
o
C
C
c

A

Lo xo
tan
cos
o
n l
L q cbc
o
o
u |
| |
= + A
|
A
\ .
2
cos
n
q q = A
Biu thc lc nng
21/05/2014
91
Cnh mi tn
181
A = tan t
( ) ( )
)
A
=
)
`
(
(
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
e
b
Q
Qe K Qte
Qb Qtb
K
o
2
cos
2 2
o
u
|
u
|
n l
Q q Sc
o
=
Phng trnh cn bng:
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
182
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
+
A
=
e
K
K
b
Q K
Qb
o
u
|
|
o
|
2
tan
1
cos 2
Gc un
|
|
|
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
+
A
=
e
b
K
K
Q K
Qe
o
2
tan
1
cos
|
u
u
o
u
Gc xon
Gc un v gc xon:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
92
Cnh mi tn
183
90 75 60 45 30 15 0 -15 -30 -45 -60 -75 -90
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
nondimensional divergence dynamic
pressure vs. wi ng sweep angle
sweep angle
(degrees)
n
o
n
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
a
l

d
i
v
e
r
g
e
n
c
e

d
y
n
a
m
i
c

p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

5.72 degrees
sweep forward
sweep back
6
b
c
=
1 . 0 =
c
e
3 =
u
|
K
K
A A A
= =
cos sin 10 cos
1
2
o
D
D
Sea
K
q
q
u
Gc mi tn = 5.72
o
Trng hp c th:
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
184
( )
2 2
2
bet
Q Qe K
Qbt
K K +
|
.
|
\
|
+ = = A
u |
|
.
|
\
|
+ = A e K
bt
K Q K K
| u | u
2
nh thc (A) ca ma trn cng KH:
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
93
Cnh mi tn
185
2
bt
K eK
K K
Q
D
u |
| u
=
0 = A
2
tan
cos 1
2
o
D
K
Sea
q
K b
e K
u
u
|
=
| |
| |
A
| |
A |
|
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
\ .
1 gi tr qd cho h 2 bc t do?

n o
Q q cba =
iu kin ti hn?
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
186
0
2
tan
1 =
A
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
critical
K
K
e
b
|
u
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
> A
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
= A
u
|
u
|
K
K
b
c
c
e
K
K
b
c
c
e
crit
2 tan
2 tan
1
Ko xy ra bt
n nh nu
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
=
2
tan
1 cos
2
|
u
u
K
K
e
b
Sea
K
q
o
D
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
94
Cnh mi tn
187
4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
Critical sweep angle
vs.
stiffness ratio
Kphi/Ktheta
s
w
e
e
p

a
n
g
l
e

f
o
r

d
i
v
e
r
g
e
n
c
e

s
u
p
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
n

(
d
e
g
r
e
e
s
)
aspect ratio
b/c=4
aspect ratio
b/c=5
aspect ratio
b/c=6
6 , 5 , 4 =
c
b
1 . 0 =
c
e
Torsional stiffening is a
good thing
K
K
|
u
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
188
|
.
|
\
|
A +
A
= = tan
cos
| u
o
o
o n
Sa q L Lift
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
A
A
+
A
=
2
tan
1
cos
u
|
o QbK
e QK
Sa q
L
o o n
Thay u v |
cos
rigid l o
L qSc
o
o = A
Lc nng
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
95
Cnh mi tn
189
tan
1
2
cos
1
o o
Q b
K K e
K K
L qSa
u
u
o
A
| |
|
|
= A
|
+
|
\

|
.
.
| |
\
2
tan A
=
b K
e K
K K
Q
D
u
|
u |
n l
Q q Sc
o
=
Lc nng
Kh ng n hi
Cnh mi tn
190
cos
1 1
l o rigid
D D
qSc L
L
Q Q
Q Q
o
o
=
=
1
1
rigid
D
L
q
L
q
=
Lc nng
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
96
Cnh mi tn
191
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
.
|
\
|
A
=
2
tan
1 cos
2
0
|
u
K
K
e
c
c
b
q
q
D
2
/ 250 ft lb q
o
=
Thay s:
o
30 = A
6 =
c
b
1 . 0 =
c
e
3 =
u
|
K
K
Kh ng n hi
350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
lift effectiveness
vs.
dynamic pressure
dynamic pressure (psf)
l
i
f
t

e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
n
e
s
sunswept wing
divergence
30 degrees
sweep
15 degrees
sweep
unswept
wing

Cnh mi tn
192
???
Hiu qu lc nng theo q
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
97

TS. V nh Qu 193
VIN C KH NG LC
16-194
Kh ng n hi ng
Dynamics Aeroelasticity
21/05/2014
98
Kh ng n hi ng
Kh ng n hi 195
A
I
E
Static
Aeroelasticity
AEROELASTICITY
Bafting, Flutter,
Fluid Mechanics
Aerodynamic
Forces
Dynamics
Inertial Forces
Structural
Mechanics
Elastic
Forces
ng lc hc h n hi
Phng trnh LaGrange
Kh ng n hi ng
Kh ng n hi
15-
196
T: ng nng
U: Th nng bin dng
Q: Ngoi lc khng bo ton
q
i
: Ta m rng, c trng cho chuyn ng ca h
21/05/2014
99
ng lc hc ca h n hi
Cht im:

Kh ng n hi ng
Kh ng n hi
15-
197
ng nng:
H cht im:
Cng:
ng nng:
Cng:
H lin tc:
ng nng:
Cng:
Th nng bin dng
L xo:

H n hi

Thanh un

Thanh xon
Kh ng n hi ng
Kh ng n hi
15-
198
21/05/2014
100
Lc v cng khng bo ton (nonpotential force)

Kh ng n hi ng
Kh ng n hi
15-
199
o ti tm xon, so vi v tr cn bng tnh
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
200
(t) : chuyn ng
xon
(quanh tm xon)
h(t) : chuyn ng
un
M hnh thit din 2 bc t do
trng tm cch tm xon mt
on x

h(t)
u(t)
x
cg
shear
center
x
c.g.

Tm
xon
gc nh
x
u
Phng trnh ng hc??
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
101
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
201
u u x h x h z + ~ + = sin
ng nng
2
1
( )( )
2
t
l
x x
x x
T h x dx u
=
=
= +
}
Th nng BD
2 2
1 1
2 2
h T
U K h K u = +
Phng trnh LaGrange
( ) ( )
i
i i
d
Q
dt q
U T
q
U T
| |
c c
=
|
c c
\ .
z(t) l chuyn v ca phn t v
tr x sau tm xon.
Kh ng n hi
2
1
( )( )
2
t
l
x x
x x
T h x dx u
=
=
= +
}
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
202
2 2
1
( 2 )
2
T mh S h I
u u
u u = + +
( )dx x m
}
= ( )xdx x mx S
}
= =
u u
( )
2 2
o
I x x dx I mx
u u
= = +
}
m: tng khi lng
S
q
: c trng cho mt cn bng
tnh
I
q
m men qun tnh ca thit din
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
102
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
203
u
u

mx h m
h
T
+ =
c
c
u
u
u u

I h mx
T
+ =
c
c
h K
h
U
h
=
c
c
u
u
T
K
U
=
c
c
Trng hp khng c ngoi lc (Q
i
= 0)
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
204
0 0
0 0
h
T
m mx K h
h
mx I K
u
u u
u
u

( (
+ =
` ` `
( (
) )
)
Phng trnh ng hc, trng hp ngoi lc =0 :
h(t)
u(t)
x
cg
shear
center
x
c.g.

Tm
xon
gc nh
x
u
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
103
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
205
st
e
h
t
t h
)
`
=
)
`
u
u ) (
) (
Thay vo phng trnh ng hc
2
0 0
0 0
h st st
T
m mx K
h h
s
mx I K
e e
u
u u
u u
( (
+ =
` ` `
( (
) ) )
Gi thit nghim c dng:
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
206
)
`
=
)
`
(
(
+
+
0
0
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
2 2
2 2
st
T
h
e
h
K I s mx s
mx s K m s
u
u u
u
Phng trnh dao ng
2 2
2 2
0 ( ) ( )
0 ( ) ( )
h
T
s m K s mx h
s mx s I K
u
u u
u
( +
=
` ` (
+
)
)
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
104
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
207
) ( ) (
) ( ) (
2 2
2 2
T
h
K I s mx s
mx s K m s
+
+
u u
u
nh thc = 0
( )( ) ( )( )
2 2 2 2
0
h T
s m K s I K s mx s mx
u u u
+ + =
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi ng
16-
208
( ) 0
2
2 2 2 2
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
|
.
|
\
|
+
u
u
u
I
mx
s s
I
K
s
m
K
s
T h
t:
m
K
h
h
=
2
e
u
u
e
I
K
T
=
2
( )( ) ( ) 0
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
u
u
u
e e
I
mx
s s s s
h
( )
2
4 2 2 2 2 2
1 0
h h
mx
s s
I
u
u u
u
e e e e
| |
| |
+ + + =
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
105
Nghim s
16-209
( ) 0
2 2 2 2 2 4
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ + +
|
|
.
|
\
|
u u
u
e e e e
h h
o
s
I
I
s
( ) 0
2 4
= + + c bs as
a
ac b b
s
2
4
2
2

=
Kh ng n hi
Nghim s
16-210
( ) ( )
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
=
u
u
u
u u
e e e e e e
I
I
I
I
s
o
h
o
h h
2
4
2 2
2
2 2 2 2
2
( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1
2 2
h h h
o o o
I I I
s
I I I
u u u
u u u
e e e e e e
| | ( | |
= + +
| | (
\ . \ .
2
u u
mr I =
2
o o
mr I =
2
2 2
2
2
o
o
o
o
o
mr
mx mr
mr
mx I
I
I
u u u
+
=
+
=
2
2
1
o
o
r
x
I
I
u u
+ =
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
106
V d
16-211
b c x 20 . 0 10 . 0 = =
u
v b c r
o
5 . 0 25 . 0 = =
40 . 0 =
o
r
x
u
16 . 0
2
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
o
r
x
u
v
16 . 1 1
2
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
o
r
x
u
o
ar x =
u
2
1 a
I
I
o
+ =
u
2b=c
Kh ng n hi
Kh ng n hi ng
Kh ng n hi
15-
212
( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1
2 2
h h h
o o o
I I I
I I I
u u u
u u u
e e e e e e e
| | ( | |
= + + +
| | (
\ . \
.
2
2
1 1 a
r
x
I
I
o o
+ =
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
u u
1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Natural frequencies
vs.
c.g. offset
c.g. offset
n
a
t
u
r
a
l

f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
i
e
s

(
r
a
d
.
/
s
e
c
.
)
fundamental
(plunge) frequency
torsion frequency
h(t)
u(t)
xcg
shear
center
x
c.g.
c.g. offset in semi-chords
Tn s dao ng ring s
thay i khi v tr trng tm
thay i
21/05/2014
107

Kh ng n hi
15-
213
Lc kh ng
19-
214
( )
L dis
L qSC L t
o
u = +
V
lift
( ) t M 0 M
dis AC
+ =
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
108
19-
215
| | | |
)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`
Le
L h
K
h
M
ij ij
u
u

Chia cho
2
m
u
e
2
2 2
2
2
2
0
1
1
0
h
T
K
m x h
h
x r K
m
L
m
Le
m
u
u
u u
u u u
u
e
u e u
e
e
e
(
(
(
(
+
` `
(
(
) )
(

=
`

)
)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`
0
0
0
0
u
u
u u
u
h
K
K
h
I mx
mx m
T
h

Kh ng n hi
19-
216
=
)
`
(
(
(
(
+
)
`
2
2
2
T
2
h
2
2
m
Le
m
L
h
m
K
0
0
m
K
h
r x
x 1
1
u
u
u
u
u u
u
u
e
e
u
e
e
u e

=
)
`
(
(
(
+
)
`
2
2
2
2
2
h
2
2
m
Le
m
L
h
r 0
0 h
r x
x 1
1
u
u
u
u
u u
u
u
e
e
u
e
e
u e

Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
109
19-
217
2
2
2
0 1
0
L
L
qSC m h
Le e m
m
o
u
u
u
e
u e
e
(
=
` `
(
)

)
2
2
2 2 2
2
0 1 0 1
1
0
0
h
L
qSC x h h
h
x r e m
r
o
u
u
u u u u
u
e
e
u u e e u
(
( (
(
+ =
` ` `
( (
(
) ) )
(

Kh ng n hi
19-
218
)
`

=
)
`
(
(
(
+
)
`
u e u
e
e
u e
u
u
u
u u
u
u
o
h
e 0
1 0
m
qSC h
r 0
0 h
r x
x 1
1
2
L
2
2
2
h
2 2

2
2
2 2 2
2
0 1 0 1 0
1
0 0
0
h
L
qSC x h h
h
x r e m
r
o
u
u
u u u u
u
e
e
u u e e u
(
( (
(
+ + =
` ` ` `
( (
(

) ) ) )
(

Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
110
19-
219
( )
( )
t i
e
h
st
e
h
t
t h
e
u u
u
)
`
=
)
`
=
)
`
)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`
(
(
(
+
)
`

0
0 h
e 0
1 0
m
qSC
h
r 0
0 h
r x
x 1
2
L
2
2
2
h
2
2
2
u e u
e
e
u e
e
u
o
u
u
u u
u
u
Gi thit hm dng iu ha
Kh ng n hi
2
V
2
1
q =
u
e
e
= O
)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`
(
(
(
+
)
`
O
0
0
0
1 0
2
0
0
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
u e
u
e
e
u
u
o
u
u
u u
u
h
e m
SC V
h
r
h
r x
x
L
h
19-220
)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`
(
(
(
+
)
`

0
0 h
e 0
1 0
m
qSC
h
r 0
0 h
r x
x 1
2
L
2
2
2
h
2
2
2
u e u
e
e
u e
e
u
o
u
u
u u
u
u
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
111
)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`
(
(
(
+
)
`
O
0
0
0
1 0
2
0
0 1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
u e
u
e
e
u
u
o
u
u
u u
u
h
e m
SC V
h
r
h
r x
x
L
h
19-
221
2
V
2
1
q =
mass volume air
mass airfoil
l b
m
2
= =
t
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
= =
t e e
e
o o o
u u u
L L L
C
b
V
b
m
clC V
m
qSC
2
2
2
2
2
Reduced velocity
bw=speed
Kh ng n hi
19-
222
u
e b
V
V =
u
e
e
= O
2
2
h
2
R
u
e
e
=
b
e
e =
b
r
r
u
u
=
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
112
)
`
O
0
0
0
1 0
0
0 1
2 2
2
2
2
u
e
u u u
o
u u u
u
b
h
e mb
qSC
b
h
r
R
b
h
r x
x L
2
2
h 2
R
u
e
e
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
t e e
o o
u u
L L
C
b
V
b
m
qSC
2
2
)
`
|
|
.
|
\
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
O
0
0
0
1 0
0
0 1
2
2
2
2
2
u
e t
u u u u u u
u
o
b
h
e b
V
C
b
h
r
R
b
h
r x
x
L
19-223
)
`
=
)
`
+
)
`
(
(
(
+
)
`

0
0
0
1 0
0
0
1
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
u e u
e
e
u e
e
u
o
u
u
u u
u
u
h
e m
qSC
h
r
h
r x
x
L
h
1/b
1/b
2

Kh ng n hi
19-224
2
2
2 2
2
1 0
0
0 1 0
0 0
L
h h
x R
b b
x r r
h
C
V
b
e b
o
u
u u u
u
u u
t e
u

( (

O +
` ` ( (

) )

| || | (

+ =
` ` | |
(
) \ . \ .

)
h(t)
u(t)
xcg
shear
center
x
c.g.
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
113
20-
225
( ) | |
( )
0 1
2
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 4 2 2
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ O
|
|
.
|
\
| +
+ O
t t
o
u
o
u
u u u
L L
C e V
R R r
V C x e
R r x r
d e x
u
= +
2b
c.g.
Tm xon
AC
u
e
e
= O
2
2
h 2
R
u
e
e
=
b
e
e =
b
r
r
u
u
=
Tnh nh thc
Kh ng n hi
( )
2 2
u u
x r A =
| |
( )
|
|
.
|
\
| +
+ =
t
o
u
u
2
2 2
1
V C x e
R r B
L
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
t
o
u
L
C e V
R R r C
2
2 2 2
20-226
4 2
0 A B C O O + =
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
114
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
t
o
u
L
C e V
R R r C
2
2 2 2
20-
227
2
2 1
V b b B =
| | ( )
2 L 2 2
V
C
d R 1 r B |
.
|
\
|
+ =
t
o
u
2
2 1
V c c C =
B, C ph thuc vn tc
Kh ng n hi
20-
228
0 AC 4 B
2
=
Nghim kp
0 AC 4 B
2
<
0
1
< | 0
2
> |
( )t i i
e
| e+
Bt n nh
A 2
AC 4 B B
2
2

= O
ib a
2
= O
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
115
20-
229
150 125 100 75 50 25 0
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
effect of mass ratio on
frequency merging
airspeed (ft/sec)
n
o
n
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
a
l

f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
mu=20
mu=30
mu=30 flutter at
172.65 ft/sec.
mu=20 futter at
140.93 ft/sec.
Kh ng n hi
20-
230
AC 4 B
2
=
A 2
AC 4 B B
2
2

= O
2
crit
V
?????
2 4 2 2 2 2
2 2 1 2 1 1
4 2 4 0
crit o crit o
b V r c bb V b r c
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
116
20-
231
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1
2
2
2
4 2 4 2 4 4
2
o o o
crit
r c bb r c bb b b r c
V
b

=
Kh ng n hi
20-
232
150 125 100 75 50 25 0
0.00
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
effect of mass ratio on
frequency merging
airspeed (ft/sec)
n
o
n
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
a
l

f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
mu=20
mu=30
mu=30 flutter at
172.65 ft/sec.
mu=20 futter at
140.93 ft/sec.
AC 4 B
2
=
0 AC 4 B
2
>
Kh ng n hi
21/05/2014
117
My bay c V=110m/s SL. Si cnh L=9.5m, thn
ngang 1.5m, c
root
=2m gim dn c
tip
=1.2m. Bin dng
NACA0010. Vt liu c G=29GPa, =2800kg/m
3
, h s
poisson: v = 0,25. Gc ti khng bin dng
0
=3
o
. Trc
n hi l ng thng t mi cnh ny ti mi cnh kia
40% dy cung cnh, tm kh ng 25% dy cung.
Lc nng phn b dng ellipse vi tn lc 1400kg. Xem
gn ng cnh hai chiu, tnh ton ti v tr c=1.6m.
Tnh lc nng/ n v si cnh v momen/ n v si
cnh.
Tm cc tn s dao ng w
1
v w
2
. Kho st Flutter.

Kh ng n hi
15-
233

KDDH - All

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