MICROTURBINE

TECHNICAL
SEMINAR
PRESENTED BY
K.NARESH (13881D5404)

Under the Guidance of:
Prof.D.Shobha Rani (Phd)
Professor&HOD
INTRODUCTION
Micro turbine is new type of combustion turbine used for
stationary energy generation.

It is also called as TURBO ALTERNATOR.

Approximately the size of a refrigerator with outputs of 25
to 500 kW.

They provide not only electricity , but the thermal energy
to provide for all heating and cooling needs.
WHAT IS A MICROTURBINE
They evolved from automotive and truck turbochargers,
auxiliary power units for airplanes

It comprised of a compressor, combustor, turbine,
alternator, recuperator and generator.

Waste heat recovery can be used with these system to
achieve greater efficiency upto 80%.


COMPONENETS OF A MICROTURBINE
Turbo Compressor

Combustor

Generator

Recuperator

Turbine

Power Electronics

WORKING PRINCIPLE
Microturbine engine has only one moving part, basically a
shaft.

At one end of the shaft is a turbine wheel, at the opposite
end of the shaft is permanent magnet electric generator,
and at the mid point of that shaft is an air impeller wheel(
air compressor).

Compressor drawing air in it an compressing it, and then
pumping it into combustor.

















TYPES OF MICROTURBINE
There are two types of Microturbines

Unrecuperated (simple cycle ) Microturbine

Recuperated Miroturbine.
UNRECUPERTED MICROTURBINE
In simple cycle or recuperated turbine, compressed air is
mixed with fuel and burned under constant pressure
conditions.

Simple cycle Microturbines have lower efficiencies around
15%.

It has lower capital costs, higher reliability.
RECUPERTED TYPE
Recuperated units use a sheet metal heat exchanger that
recovers temperature of the air stream supplied to the
combustor.

Further exhaust heat recovery can be used in cogeneration
configuration.

It has higher efficiencies around 30-40%.
RECUPERATED MICROTURBINE
CHARACTERITICS OF MICROTURBINES
Distributed generation

Quality power and reliability

Stand by power

Boost power

Low cost energy

Combined heat and power (cogeneration)
DISTRIBUTED ENERGY GENERATION
Energy produced in thermal and hydro electric power
plants is distributed to the users through network of line
called the power grid.

On site power generation means power is generated right
where it is needed.

ADVANTAGES OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
The losses during power transmission are greatly reduced.

The combined heat and power (CHP) technology can be
applied to microturbine to get 80% efficiency.

This lowers emission and operating cost and increase
efficiency.
ADVANTAGES
Small number of moving parts

Compact size

Lightweight

Good efficiencies in cogeneration

Low emission
Can utilize waste fuels

Long maintenance interval

No vibration

Less noise than reciprocating engines

APPLICATIONS OF MICROTURBINES
Combined heat and power (co-generation)

Distributed power generation

Hospitals

Backup generators

Vehicle applications
Hybrid vehicle(microturbine to high speed alternator)
Hybrid vehicle (microturbine and fuel cell together)
MICROTURBINE MANUFACTURERS
Bowman power systems

Capstone Turbine Cooperation

Elliott energy systems

Turbec AB

Ingersoll-Rand Company
ECONOMICS
Capital cost ranges from $700-$1100 /KW and targeting a

future cost below $650/KW.

Maintanance cost $0.005-0.016\kw

Maintenance Interval: 5,000-8,000hrs

CONCLUSION
Nowadays Microturbines are becoming wide spread for
distributed power and combined heat and power
applications.

There is very definitely a trend toward installing
microturbine system onsite not only for generating electric
power , But also for meeting site heating and cooling
needs.

Typical micro turbine efficiencies are 25 to 35%. When we
combined heat and power cogeneration system, efficiencies
of greater than 80 percent are commonly achieved.

THANK YOU
Any Queries?