#'

2. AYHO-MEHA
1A1LAHA lOPALBA
BLHKAA KHHlA ]HA
PA]HO H COUHOKYL1YPHAA CPL]A
B CCCP B 192080-e lO]L
Boanninonenne pa(no iai io::ynniannonnoro cpe(crna n nonoro :e(na
io cnnaano c ca:i:n c:ei:n npornoaa:n n on(annn:n
1
. O(naio ca:i:
ananrap(ni: n opaani: crao npe(nn(enne B. B. Xenniona:
Pa(no y(ymero rannoe (epeno coanannn oripoer
ne(enne ecione~nix aa(a~ n ore(nnnr ~eone~ecrno.
Oioo rannoro crana Pa(no, .roro eeanoro aa:ia, r(e
ry~n npono(on paccinanci ro~no nooci, nanepnoe, y(er na-
~eprana napa iocren, ~epen n anaio:an na(nnci: Ocropono`,
no :aenman ocranonia paori Pa(no nianaa i (yxonnin
o:opoi ncen crpani, npe:ennyi yrpary ei coanannn.
Pa(no cranonnrcn (yxonni: conne: crpani, nenin: ~apo-
(ee: n ~aponaree:.
Boopaan: cee rannin cran Pa(no: n noa(yxe nayrnna
nyren, ry~a :onnn, ro noracaimnx, ro aanraimnxcn nnoni,
nepenocnmnxcn c o(noro ionna a(annn na (pyron. Cnnnn map
ipyron :onnn, nncnmnn n noa(yxe ro~no nyrnnan nrnna, io-
co npornnyrie cnacrn. Ha .ron ro~in ae:noro mapa eecyro~-
no, noxone na necennnn npoer nrnn, paanocnrcn cran necren
na nann (yxa.
B .ro: noroie :onnnnix nrnn (yx y(er npeoa(ari na(
cnon, (opin coner na( yrpoaon.
]ea xy(onnia nepa n incrn, oripirnn xy(onnion :ic-
n (Ne~nnion, 3nnmrenn), n(pyr nepenocnmne ~eone~ecrno i
noni: epera:...
Coneri na npocroro onxo(a y(yr ~epe(onaricn co crarin-
:n rpa(an cneronix nepmnn ~eone~ecioro (yxa. Bepmnni
non nay~noro :opn paanocnrcn no ncen crpane i :ecrni: cra-
na: Pa(no, ~roi n ror e (eni crari yina:n na re:nix
noornax orpo:nix innr, pocro: nime (o:on, nipocmnx na no-
ma(nx (epeneni, :e(enno nepenopa~nnaimnx cnon crpannni
2
.
b0
Kyirypoorn~ecioe npocrpancrno, ioropoe cero(nn aann:aer io:nii-
repreenn(ennennrepner, n na~ae XX neia npo~no npnna(eao pa-
(no. H. Hi] no-cnoe:y, no neci:a ro~no ooana~n .ror ]eno:en: B ]anra-
crn~ecinx po:anax c~nraoci, ~ro ior(a y(er pa(no, ~eone~ecrno (ocrnrner
c~acrin. H nor pa(no ecri. A c~acrin ner.
B :o(enponannn nonoro io::ynniarnnnoro ianaa npnnn:ao y~acrne
nce :nponoe co(pyecrno, ioropoe ypno ona(enao noni:n noa:onocrn:n
nn]op:annn n nciyccrna. B .ron cnnan nnrepecen onir H.-P. 5exepa, ioro-
pin, noa:ono, no(coanareino, raie c:or nepe(ari rannin nacrpon .noxn
ocnoennn pa(no.]npa: oiinonennoe ~y(o
8
.
Lcn ~y(o nxo(nr n namn y(nn,
'y(o: :i ero n naaone:.
Ho ono na: ronopnr o ~y(no:
Bpe:enn, n ioropo: :i nne:.
Hy, npncn(i. H rnon npne:nni cipo:nin,
Lcn pi~aoi ri nonepnemi,
Ler no.r na-aa npocrpancrn orpo:nix
Crnx raion, ~ro ne ncer(a non:emi.
Honepnn eme, n iro npe(craner
Hpe( roon nocymen nomecrna:
Hecnn n repon n :eprno: crane
Hrnni i aamee~yr no iycra:
Hn rooc no(oaaa naae:i
Ha :open (on(er, n na( roon
Nopn my:. H ca: ri no(oaao:,
Ho( aeenoi n(emi no(on.
'eonei nenn(n:in noer
]n ren na ca:on rpann cnera.
B necne (pyro: on ren aoner,
Ho noer iai i c (pyron naneri.
'epea ropi, napomennie i conny
K ne~nocrn ae:non npnon
looc cimnin cinoai rnoe oionne
B re:nore na(eer na( roon.
Ban pi~ar. H rooca ner cnona.
Bnoni :o~nr .]np n neirnn.
3ro n ne ~y(o 1i nanononan,
1i aai npo ropecrn cnon.
$
O(oen n npe:n n npocrpancrno,
Coxpann ne~epnnn cnon yir,
Bce pa(ncri ca:ix (ainnx crannnn
]n necein rnoero noir...
B :on apai, ~ro cnero: oronci(y
3anecen, n |aa:ann] nony.
Pa(no oi(ennoe ~y(o
Benno napymnr rnmnny.
Ha iponarin cima .rn anyin,
Nai~ni :on ne xo~er oime cnari,
K pa(no nocropennie pyin,
3ainan nai~nin cocari.
Ham apai or ropo(a (aeio,
'acro n an:nii oimyi no~i
Pa(no nac remno nicoio,
3acrannn (pa:y npenoa:o~i.
Lcn ~y(o nxo(nr n namn y(nn,
'y(o: :i ero n naaone:,
Ho ono na: ronopnr o ~y(no:
Bpe:enn, n ioropo: :i nne:
4
.
Lcn ne nocnpnnn:ari .ror reicr iai apxan~no-nannnin, ro cnpane(nnocrn
pa(n ce(yer npnanari npoaopnnocri n nai(areinocri anropa, onpe(ennmero
n necioiinx crpo]ax :ero(oorni ]yninnonnponannn pa(noianaa. 3ro
oneparnnnocri n (ocrynnocri, nonre:arn~nocri n (e:oiparna:, paaneiarei-
nocri n (n]]epennnponannocri, ncnxoorn~nocri n (oiy:enrainocri.
Hcropnn ]op:nponannn nonoro nponaran(ncrcioro ianaa connaa c nc-
ropnen cranonennn cranncioro pen:a. C o(non croponi, ne na(o io
o:ari crapie rpa(nnnn n ]op:i, a c (pyron iai ne~ro conepmenno nonoe,
pa(no iai n cnoen co(epareinon, rai n n oprannaannonnon ocnone o~eni
~yrio nnnrinao nce arpnyri roranrapnon nacrn. Bor no~e:y ncropnn
npenpamennn ~y(a XX neia, (encrnnreino aa(y:inanmerocn iai napo(nan
rpnyna n :omnan iyiryprperepcian crpyn, rpanc]op:nponaaci n nocro-
nnno ynnmyi ~epnyi rapeiy
b
, cn:nonanpyimyi crannciyi .noxy.
3ra ncropnn ocoenno noiaaareina c ro~in apennn nonn:annn nponcme(-
mnx n .ror nepno( (e]op:annn, ioropie c(ean nci cncre:y connoiyi-
rypnix nennocren conercioro omecrna npairn~ecin neoparn:on.
He cronr aainari, ~ro pe~i n(er o aapo(ennn nonoro cnnrern~ecioro
io::ynniarnnnoro ianaa, c paannrne: ioroporo :np ope nonie ncnxo-
.crern~ecine ]op:i omennn n noy~ennn nn]op:annn. Ocoyi npnneia-
reinocri pa(no n:eo n raaax oinaren, :n]oornanponanmero ncex, iro
i cnnaan co any~amn: nenn(n:ion. Orci(a rai nenpocro n npornnope-
b2
~nno cia(inanci naan:oornomennn :e(y ~ernepron nacrii n na-
crii nepnon, or~ernno coanananmen aanncn:ocri cnoero nonrn~ecioro
ycnexa or yponnn anranponannocrn ypnana:a.
O(nn na ycron~nnix :n]on, ncn~ecin no((epnnae:ix o]nnnainon nc-
ropnorpa]nen, racn, ~ro H. Crann, y(enn orpo:noe nnn:anne nreparype
n inne:arorpa]y, ne(oonennna poi pa(no. 3ro erio onponepraercn ne
roiio nce: io:neico: ninnennix :arepnaon, no n mnpoio nanecrni:n
]aira:n, cnn(ereicrnyimn:n o ro:, ~ro n poionie :o:enri ncropnn Cra-
nn npnera n:enno i earpann~ni: noa:onocrn: pa(no.]npa. 1ai, nan-
oimyi ana~n:ocri n nocnnrannn narpnorna:a n oenoro (yxa nannn n:e-
n pa(noopamenne H. Cranna 8 nin 1941 ro(a co ana:ennri: 5parin n
cecrpi! n ero pe~i na Kpacnon noma(n na napa(e 7 nonpn 1941 ro(a,
ioropan rpancnponaaci no nce:y :npy.
Cnenn]nia nepe(a~n n nocnpnnrnn nn]op:annn c(ean pa(no ocoenno
npnneiareini: (n naprnnno-rocy(apcrnennon nacrn. Bacri roranrap-
noro rnna crpe:naci i npe(einon ionnenrpannn n :onononn rocy(apcrna
na cpe(crna :acconon nn]op:annn. H ranni: nnnercn ne nponaran(a iai
raionan, a ro, ~ro ona cynr o(non n ron e nen, a ia(oe na ee opy(nn n
neci annapar oprannaoninaercn rai, ~roi ioop(nnnponanni: opaao: nn-
nri na i(en n o(no: nanpanennn n, n ione~no: c~ere, (ocrn~i nonon
ynn]niannn ncex y:on
b
.
Hcce(onanne .ranon paannrnn pa(no na paan~nix yponnnx ocymecrnn-
:o nmi c y~ero: oprannaannonnoro, rexnn~ecioro n rnop~ecioro acneiron.
Conercioe pa(no(eo na~nnao cnon nyri n ro(i H3Ha, no.ro:y ]op:on
oprannaannn io ainnonnponanne, ioropoe npenpamao pa(no n ca:ocron-
reinyi, ca:ooiynae:yi n (ae nnone (oxo(nyi c]epy (enreinocrn, ra-
panrnpyimyi ainnonepa: n ypnancra: cnoo(y ne roiio ]nnanconyi,
no n rnop~eciyi. H:enno n .ror, nanoee no(ornopnin, nepno( in aao-
eni ocnoni pa(noypnancrnin n pa(nonciyccrna.
Honrn~ecinn ionrpoi pa(no n:e cnoi nipaennyi cnenn]niy. 3ro
io cnnaano c ynniaini:n noa:onocrn:n anyionon nepe(a~n nn]op:a-
nnn n ocoennocrn:n ee nocnpnnrnn. Ho.ro:y (oroe npe:n rpa(nnnonnan
ne~arnan nenaypa ne :ora a(anrnponaricn i nono:y oreiry. 4airn~e-
cin roiio c nne(enne: onaareinoro npe(napnreinoro (oiy:enrnponannn
pa(nonporpa:: n ionne 1920-x rr. crao noa:ono ronopnri o peaino: ion-
rpoe aa .]npo:
7
. O(naio npn:ie rpancnnnn, ioropie noy~nn pacnpo-
crpanenne no :epe rexnn~ecioro paannrnn pa(nonemannn, ne no((ananci
npnni~no:y (oconno:y ionrpoi. 5earpann~nie nnronannonnie cpe(crna
~eone~ecioro rooca, cnoconoro nopari n cen nci nanrpy :icen n
~yncrn, ne no(ionrpoinix (ae ca:on (nreinon nenaype. Honn:anne .ro-
ro npnmo i naprnnni: n(eoora: ne cpaay, a nocrenenno, iai n ocoananne
iooccainix nn]op:annonno-nponaran(ncrcinx noa:onocren, ioropie ran-
o n cee pa(no npe(re~a reenn(ennn.
5opia aa rorainin ionrpoi n orocy(apcrnenne npoxo(na n rpn .ra-
na. Hepnin i cnnaan c oprannaannen nonrn~ecion nenaypi pa(no no(
pyiono(crno: Arnrnpona UK BKH(). Bropon ana:enonacn ipnrnion n npecce
$!
n na aace(annnx :noro~ncennix pa(noio:nccnn n pa(noconeron n UK
BKH(), lannonrnpocnere, Hapio:npoce PC4CP, lanpeneprio:e n npo~nx
ioniypnpyimnx n(eoorn~ecinx nncrannnnx c neii coa(annn nerarnnnoro
omecrnennoro :nennn. H rpernn .ran conna c ninn(annen ainnonepnoro
omecrna Pa(nonepe(a~a, orocy(apcrnenne: ncex ]op: (enreinocrn pa-
(no n nepe(a~en rexnn~ecion aai pa(nonemannn n pacnopnenne opranon
ynpanennn cnnan.
Ho pemenni UK n 1988 ro(y Hocranonenne: CHK CCCP i opaao-
nan Bcecoianin io:nrer no pa(no]niannn n pa(nonemanni (BPK) npn CHK
CCCP, (enreinocri ioroporo nonocrii ]nnancnponaaci n ionrponpona-
aci rocy(apcrno:, a npnna(enocri npne:no-nepe(aimnx cpe(crn Hapio-
:ary cnnan CCCP ia o]op:ena aaiono(areino
8
.
Peaini:n nponnennn:n n(eoorn~ecioro ynpanennn cran ninn(a-
nnn pa(noraaer, aanpemenne pa(nonepein~ei, nenrpanaannn cncre:i no(-
roronin rnpanponannix :nipo]onnix reicron pa(nonepe(a~ n annapare
BPK n nx onaareinan pacciia (n :ecrnoro nemannn (r.e. nacnicrnen-
noe pacnpocrpanenne ~epea :ecrnie pa(nocrannnn :arepnaon na Nocini),
perynpnie ia(ponie ~ncrin
9
.
4op:nponanne co(epannn .]npa n ero crpyirypi npairn~ecin c na~a-
a perynpnoro pa(nonemannn nponcxo(no n coornercrnnn c ~erio paapa-
orannon :ero(nion, ioropan n:ea (na ocnonnix nanpanennn (n]]e-
pennnannn ay(nropnn n nporpa::nponanne. Hpn .ro: y~nrinaaci crpyiry-
pa n ia~ecrno ay(nropnn no paan~ni: noiaaaren: nannonaino-naiio-
ni:, connaini:, reononrn~ecin: n (p. 1ai, n ocnonax nocrpoennn cerin
Uenrpainoro pa(nonemannn na 192829 rr. ea neci:a npo(y:annin
npe(napnreinin anana ay(nropnn. Hanpn:ep, xapairepncrnia nannonai-
nix ocoennocren pecnyni nirn(ea ce(yimn: opaao::
YCCP. Ocnonnan nannonainan rpynna ipecrinne, pao-
~ne, nnrenrennnn. Pyccian nnrenrennnn n pao~ne.
Knen oimon iyirypnin nenrp YCCP, orarin nay~-
ni:n n xy(oecrnenni:n cna:n. H:eercn pn( nay~no-ncce-
(onareicinx y~pe(ennn. Bceyipanncian aia(e:nn nayi, pn(
BY3on, necioiio rearpon.
B pa(nyce cimn:ocrn npeoa(aer erian npo:imennocri,
no.ro:y pao~ne n ocnonno: ne nopnan cnnan c ipecrinncr-
no:.
Knencian pannn nnnercn o~aro: pa(nonemareinon pao-
ri npanoepein, rpann~amero c iannrancrn~ecin:n rocy(ap-
crna:n.
|...]
1amienr Yaeician CCP.
Oipynon nenrp. Ocnonnan nannonainan oce(an rpynna
naceennn yaeician, necioiio :enime io~enan inprnacian.
Yaeician rpynna ipecrinncian ((eixane). Ocnona c;x
xonoi n pnc. Knprnai ciorono(crno. Pyccian rpynna
pao~ne n nnrenrennnn.
b4
B npe(cronmyi an:y n 1amienre paoraer oneperra n (pa-
:a n nannonainin yaeicinn rearp. Onepi n 192829 rr. ne
y(er. Hpe(noaraercn oripiri Hapo(nin ynnnepcnrer no pa-
(no` npn y~acrnn ceinnn nay~nix paornnion
10
.
Pe(airopcin: cocrano: y~nrinaoci coornomenne reicronon n :yaiiai-
non nn]op:annn. 1ai, na omero ore:a nemannn reicr aann:a 88 (crannnn
n:. Ko:nnrepna) n 27 (crannnn n:. Honona), a n cpe(ne: 84. Ocrai-
non ore: nemannn i or(an :yaiie n anrpaira:. Hocioiiy n ionne
1920-x rr. n(en :nponon penoinnn in eme nonynpni, ro ee(nenno n
pa(nonporpa::ax npncyrcrnonaa (na(narnnnrn:nnyrnan nn]op:annn na nai-
ie .cnepanro n ypoin nnocrpannix naiion.
Hopaaer n(y:~nnocri n ananrn~nocri oprannaaropon nemannn. B :a-
repnaax lannciyccrna coxpannnci (oiy:enri o oprannaannn n cranon-
ennn xy(oecrnennoro nemannn, npe(naana~ennoro (n ipecrinncion ay(n-
ropnn. Onn (e:oncrpnpyir, iai acoirno ne no(roronennan iareropnn cy-
mareen perynpno no(nepraaci nanpanennon nponaran(e, n peayirare
ioropon ]op:nponanci ee niyci n nnrepeci.
lannon aa(a~en pa(no nepno(a iyirypnon penoinnn nnnaci aa:ena
nepinn n nponone(n cnnmennnia ycrni: noa(encrnne: rooca na penpo(yiro-
pa. Hcxo(n na .roro, Hapio:no~rei peio:en(ona ycranannnari rpo:ioro-
nopnren n no:emennn nepinen, ioropie i ro:y npe:enn ye in oopy-
(onani no( iyi n nai-~nrainn.
]n nipaorin crparernn n rairnin pa(nonponaran(i, opnenrnponannon
na ipecrinncrno, ia coa(ana Ko:nccnn no (epenencio:y nemanni. Le pao-
ra, c o(non croponi, crponaci n coornercrnnn c peio:en(annn:n Arnrnpona
UK BKH(), c (pyron y~nrinaa cnenn]niy (annon ay(nropnn. 1ai, n
anrycre 1929 ro(a ocy(anci nonpoci :yaiiainoro nemannn. Hpe(noa-
raoci ncnoiaonari napo(nie nncrpy:enri (rap:onnin rpno, inaprer) n
nonie, yconepmencrnonannie napo(nie nncrpy:enri ((o:pi, cnnpei, a-
enia n r. (.). Ho n or cn:]onn~ecioro opiecrpa oriaainaricn io neian,
n ero nipannn neoimn:n (oaa:n, ncnoiayn (ae opran.
O(naio nanoee airyaini: nn(o: nciyccrna, :yaiiaini: nipaanre-
e: :acconoro (nnennn npnananaaci yn~nan necnn, cnnaannan c coirnn-
:n omecrnennon nann n cynnman xy(oecrnenno-nocnnrareini: ne-
n:. ]n ooramennn :yaiiainoro araa copa n ananaa napo(noro
rnop~ecrna n (epenne npe(noaranci iri coa(ani ]oiiopnie ao-
paropnn. lopn~en no((epion ia ncrpe~ena nporpa::a copa necen n o-
paaonanmnxcn ioxoaax n conxoaax. 3rn nponane(ennn (epenencinx no.ron
n xy(onnion co(epan, napn(y c .rnorpa]n~ecin: :arepnao:, nce npn-
anain yn~non :apmenon n npn~ecion necnn c noni:n reicra:n n nonon
:yaiiainon crnncrnion
11
.
Ho :nenni penccepa n (pa:arypra B. ]. Napiona (18901978), nepe(
rpo:ioronopnree: cronr ipecrinncian :acca, n cnoe: oimnncrne c xy(o-
ecrnennon npo(yinnen ropo(a ne anaio:an, n n ro e npe:n aa~acryi
n:eiman n cnoe: xy(oecrnenno: arae naniin n npnni~nie ]op:i na-
$#
po(noro ca:o(enreinoro nciyccrna, cia(inanmerocn na npornennn croe-
rnn no( paan~ni: ncropn~ecin: noa(encrnne:
12
. Napion or:ern rai-
e, ~ro onpcio-(pynnnoe necennoe rnop~ecrno, nepionnoe nenne, co(ar-
cine necnn, npo(yinnn ]apn~no-aano(cion ynni paan~nix ncropn~ecinx
nepno(on, ~yncrnnreinie po:anci ropo(cioro :emancrna, Heipacon, nepeo-
ennin na :yaiiy, n (pyron penepryap (epenencion nnrenrennnn, niran-
mnna ropo(cinx nnnnymei, naionen, necnn penoinnn nce .ro n paan~-
nix nponopnnnx n naan:o(encrnnn nneoci n cymareicinn ara ipe-
crinncrna. 1o e ca:oe iacaercn nncrpy:enrainon :yaiin (or an(ypi n
rycen ~epea aaaniy, rap:onniy, cipnniy y~nreen n perenron, nnori (o
peinnanponannix ponen n o:enennix na :yiy rpa::o]onon) n :acrepcrna
xy(oecrnennon pe~n (or ciaaoi aymei n npnayroi cna(enoro (pyia
(o ca:ocronreinon (eia:annn n paairpinannn niec :ecrni:n :oo(e-
ni:n ipyia:n raion nyri npnni~nix npe(cranennn o nnon xy(oe-
crnennon pe~n). B aaii~enne io or:e~eno, ~ro (n roro, ~roi na ocnone
npe(i(ymero cymareicioro onira ipecrinncrna coa(anari raine nporpa:-
:i xy(oecrnennix nepe(a~, ioropie i erio nocnpnnn:anci ipecrinna-
:n n npnneian i nx i cymanni xy(oecrnennoro nemannn, neoxo(n:o
nocronnno .icnepn:enrnponari, nay~ari (epenenciyi ay(nropni, a raie
necrn ee i c:i~ie c npoerapcin: ropo(o: iai n nane n(eoorn~ecio:
(no nnnn co(epannn), rai n n ]op:aino-xy(oecrnenno: (no nnnn npn-
omennn i ropo(cion npoerapcion xy(oecrnennon iyirype)
18
. Hapn(y c
.rn: io npnnnro pemenne necrn opiy c ranna:n .porn~ecioro xapaire-
pa c no:omii pacnpocrpanennn n (epenne ]naiyirypnix n :acconix ran-
nen
14
.
O(naio xy(oecrnennoe pa(nonemanne nocno ncno:orareinyi ]yni-
nni no ornomenni i ocnonnon re:arnie, ocnemaimen ir, xoanncrno n yia(
(epenencion nann. Bor neioropie na re:, nome(mnx n iaen(apnin nan
nemannn na ceaon 192829 rr.:
Oxm6pt
Honin xoanncrnennin ro( (n paa(ee nnrnerin).
Xynrancrno.
Ha iyirypno: ]ponre (naa-~nrainn, pa(no, penra aa y~e-
on n r. (.).
Heniaanan rpnai (ioeirnnnan opia c nen... 'ro ny-
no c(eari).
Ho6pt
B ipecrinncion nae (rpnai, (yxora, rpeonanne rnrneni, a-
nn).
,exa6pt
Hnionn (eni (npecroinie npaa(nnin n (epenne c ninn-
ion, oopcrno:, c iya~ni:n on:n).
Oxpana econ (nopyin).
Becrn nyaonna (necrn na ropo(a).
Ceixoaipyin.
bb
Xneapt
Connenopor ((y:in o ypoae: crapoe ion(in, ra(a-
nnn; nonoe nay~nie (annie).
Ko:co:oicioe po(ecrno (n npornnonec nepionno:y).
Kponanoe nocipecenie n c:epri ennna.
Namnnnie ronapnmecrna.
veepa.t
Nacennna n neninn nocr.
]eni Kpacnon Ap:nn.
Hpnno( (nrnnra, renra, yy~menne nopo().
Ho(roronia i ceny (coprnponia, pe:onr nnnenrapn, y(ope-
nne, pannnn nap).
Mapm
Hnanepenne ca:o(epannn.
]eni paornnni n ipecrinnin.
Hapncian io::yna.
Be~ep anro(opa (neniaanan rpnai).
5eciop:nna.
3aroronia i(a.
Ciopo encinn (eni.
Ciopo cnona rpnai
1b
.
Ha ]op:, nponepennix oniro:, n xy(oecrnenno: nemannn ncnoiaona-
nci n in nonynpni: a) opiecrponan :yaiia (npen:ymecrnenno napo(-
nie nncrpy:enri); ) xy(oecrnennoe pacciaainanne, (naorn n (pa:arn~e-
cine nncnennponin; n) xoponoe nenne; r) :yaiia (n rannen; () rporeci
paaronopnoro anpa (Herpymia na pa(no); e) ~acrymin; ) xy(oecrnennoe
~renne n conpono(ennn anyionoro :onraa; a) paei; n) nrpi no(nnnie n
nrpi ocrpoy:nn. ]n ipecrinncion ay(nropnn (epenencian ne~epnnia-
rynnia, (epenencian nocn(eia, npe(npaa(nn~nie n nocipecnie nepe(a~n,
ionneprnie nporpa::i. 1aine conie ]op:i, iai (pa:arn~ecian nieca,
onepa, oneperra, cn:]onn~ecian :yaiia, nannponan nno(nri n nporpa::y
nocrenenno, no :epe naionennn aoparopnoro onira, nocnnrannn ia(pon
pa(noanropon n pa(noncnonnreen, a raie no :epe nocrenennoro pocra
yponnn xy(oecrnennoro nocnnrannn :acci pa(nocymareen. Hpn~e: no
npen:ymecrny .]npnon nncnennponie no(nepranci orpinin nponane(ennn
nn nx :onran nn nperro.
Cnennainan :ero(n~ecian npopaoria nemareinix ]op: nii~aa ]op-
:ynponiy neenix ycranonoi, nanncanne ion]epanca n :yaiiainoe o]op:-
enne. Hanpn:ep:
Hporpa::i npaa(nn~nix n nocipecnix xy(oecrnennix
nepe(a~ (oni iri pacc~nrani na orne~enne ipecrinn (no
npen:ymecrny enmnn n crapmnx noioennn) or nepinn. lan-
non ycranonion .rnx nepe(a~ nnnercn yneiareinocri, r. i.
nepioni, n yconnnx (epenencion e(nocrn nne~arennn, (aer
$%
cnon:n orocyennn:n cypporar .crern~ecinx noa(encrnnn
(nenne, nemecrnennoe o]op:enne, iocri:nponia, (eia:annn),
ioropie npnneiair n creni nepionnix a(annn ne roiio
nepyimnx, no n apenrnoanix ipecrinn. C .ron .crern~ecion
npnrnrareinocrii orocyenix apenm nyno oporicn
nporpa::on, nnrepecno n yneiareino no cnoen ]op:e cocran-
ennon.
Ho:n:o re:arn~ecinx ocoennocren, onpe(ene:ix raion
neenon ycranonennon nen~nnon. Xopomnx yn~nix necen
ner, a norpenocri n raion necne rpo:a(na. Cen~ac epercn
~acro nomin :ornn, (aercn rnep(o penoinnonnin reicr, n
necnn iryer. Ha(o aannricn a(anrannen yn~nix necen, :e-
nnri reicr nx, nipannnari nonie, coany~nie :o:enry, iyne-
ri. npn~ecian necnn neoxo(n:a (n ay(nropnn.
]epenencine ionnepri pacc~nrani na ocynnanne ay(n-
ropnn c nonimenni:n xy(oecrnenni:n rpeonannn:n. Hx
aa(a~a xy(oecrnennoe nocnnranne.
Konneprnie nporpa::i cocrannircn na cepieanix no:e-
pon nennn, :yaiin, xy(oecrnennoro cona. Hpn~e: ion]epanc
:icnrcn n nane xy(oecrnennoro npocnemennn
1b
.
Ho ornomenni i nocnpnnrni xy(oecrnennoro nemannn pa(nocyma-
reician :acca (n]]epennnponaaci oprannaaropa:n nemannn no nponano(-
crnenno-ironi: npnanaia:. Bi(ennci rpn ocnonnie rpynni:
1) Kpecrinncian rpynna xapairepnayercn n oee or(a-
ennix n ryxnx :ecrnocrnx ocraria:n crapon rpa(nnnn n na-
po(noro xy(oecrnennoro rnop~ecrna (napo(nan necnn, noco-
nnni n r. (.). B :ecrnocrnx, cnnaannix c ]apn~no-aano(cion n
ropo(cion iyirypon, ipecrinncian rpynna xapairepnayercn noc-
npnnrne: nanoee ynpomennon xy(oecrnennon npo(yinnn ro-
po(cion iyirypi (~acrymia, yn~nin anei(or, inreicinn
rearp n r. (.).
2) Pao~an rpynna n cnoi o~epe(i (enrcn na no(rpynni:
a) Pao~ne, recno cnnaannie c (epennen, nnymne ee iro-
ni:n n xy(oecrnenni:n rpa(nnnn:n. 3ra rpynna n oacrn
xy(oecrnennoro nocnpnnrnn n ocnonno: cxo(na c ipecrinn-
cion, no n cny ee cnnan c nn(ycrpnen nnnercn ye oee
cnoconon i nocnpnnrni xy(oecrnennon npo(yinnn n oee
conoro nopn(ia.
) pao~ne ~ncrie npoerapnn, :acconnin, xapairepnay-
ircn (onoino paanoopaani:n xy(oecrnenni:n aanpoca:n,
nipocmn:n, c o(non croponi, na no~ne nponano(crnennix orno-
mennn, c (pyron croponi neioroporo anaio:crna c npocren-
mn:n opaana:n xy(oecrnennon npo(yinnn ropo(cioro rnna
(inno, inno-:yaiia, raaernan nreparypa, iynin rearp n .cr-
b8
pa(a n r. (.). 3ra no(rpynna ye nnnercn ana~nreino oee
no(roronennon i nocnpnnrni xy(oecrnennon npo(yinnn n
oee conoro nopn(ia.
n) Pao~ne inan]nnnponannie nonimennoro iyirypnoro
yponnn, anaio:ie ye co nce:n ocnonni:n nnennn:n xy(o-
ecrnennon npo(yinnn nonimennoro rnna (xy(oecrnennan n-
reparypa, onepa n oneperra, (pa:arn~ecinn rearp, :yaiiainie
anca:n n r. n.).
3ra no(rpynna n neioropon :epe no(roronena i nenocpe(-
crnenno:y nocnpnnrni nononennix npo(yiron xy(oecrnen-
noro rnop~ecrna.
8) 1py(onan nnrenrennnn :oer iri paanra na (ne oc-
nonnie no(rpynni:
a) no(rpynna, nnman crapi:n noy:emancin:n, noyipe-
crinncin:n rpa(nnnn:n, rnroreiman i ynpomennon ropo(cion
xy(oecrnennon npo(yinnn (nonynpnie yn~nie necenin, (e-
menan .crpa(a n r. (.) n or~acrn no rpa(nnnn, a ne no cymecrny
nnraiman ynaenne i iaccn~ecin: opaana: xy(oecrnenno-
ro rnop~ecrna, ranni: opaao: cnnaanni: co crapi: ironi:
yia(o: (nreparypa (nopnncioro nepno(a, 'anioncinn n r. (.);
) no(rpynna nonimennoro xy(oecrnennoro niyca, na-
ian i rperien no(rpynne pao~en rpynni.
4) Y~nrinan ocoennocrn nponano(crnenno-ironix n noa-
pacrnix rpynn, xy(oecrnennoe pa(nonemanne (ono ce(o-
nari nanecrno:y ne(arorn~ecio:y npnnnnny, ne(n ay(nropni
or anaio:oro i neanaio:o:y, or npocroro i cono:y. Hpn
.ron ycranonie oee npn:nrnnnie n :enee nennie npo(yiri
xy(oecrnennoro rnop~ecrna nan(yr cee n pa(nonemannn :e-
cro roiio iai ncxo(nie :o:enri n nepexo(nie crynenn i
xy(oecrnenno nononenni: nponane(ennn:.
b) Xy(oecrnennoe nemanne, epn yponeni nocnpnnrnn yia-
aannix rpynn aa ncxo(nin :o:enr, (ono necrn nce rpynni
(n :epy noa:onocrn ia(on na nnx) i nocnpnnrni nepe(o-
noro xy(oecrnennoro rnop~ecrna, coany~noro nponecca: conna-
ncrn~ecioro crponreicrna n ome:y xapairepy n re:ny nn-
(ycrpnainoro nponano(crna. 3ro (ono onpe(enri niop
re:arnin, .:onnonainon oipacin n rexnn~ecioro o]op:ennn
nponane(ennn nciyccrna.
b) Hacron~nno npono(n nocnnranne xy(oecrnennoro niyca
pao~en n ipecrinncion :acci nyre: no(opa xy(oecrnen-
no-nononennoro penepryapa, ne ce(yer n ro e npe:n oria-
ainaricn or airnnnon opii c orpnnareini: n npn:nrnn-
ni: xy(oecrnenni: niyco: (rnrorenne i (emenon yn~non
necenie, i cenrn:enrainon nn ceicyainon :yaiie n r. (.).
B:ecro cncre:i aa:a~nnannn nenononennix nn :aonen-
nix xy(oecrnennix nponane(ennn, na(o, n cy~ae, ecn onn
npnneiair i cee nnn:anne :acci, no(neprari nx ecnoma(-
$'
no:y n(eoorn~ecio:y n xy(oecrnenno:y ananay, paanen~n-
nan nx nce:n cpe(crna:n, nnori (o napo(nponannn n oc:ennnn,
pac~nman re: ca:i: no~ny (n nocnpnnrnn nononennon xy(o-
ecrnennon npo(yinnn (o(nn: na npn:epon n .ro: nanpane-
nnn :oer iri, nanpn:ep, oprannaonannoe cymanne :yaiin)
17
.
Apio nipaennan ionrinirypa nponnnaci n xy(oecrnennix nocra-
noniax 1980-x rr. ]n .roro oime ncero oiaaanci npncnocoeni npona-
ne(ennn conercinx anropon. 3nyionan oprannaannn ia raie na nicoio:
yponne. Hpe:iepa n 1982 ro(y pa(no]ni:a no o(non:enno:y nponane(e-
nni A. Cepa]n:onn~a Aeeanin noroi, eayconno, aanncannoro na nen-
iy, n:ea ce(yimnn ncrynnreinin reicr:
1on., cen~ac ni ycimnre orpinin na ALL3HOlO HO-
1OKA`.
B 18 ro(y na Cen. Kaniaae no(nnnci no:emnin, iyain,
ypyaann. Conercian nacri npe:enno ia ynn~roena. H
cran oraren iaaain, o]nnepcrno, renepai nemari, pynri,
ronnri n Kyann e(nory, ne ma(n (eren, enmnn, crapnion.
5e(nora noxnaraa penrnmei, iaion nonacn no( pyin ciap, n
noma na coe(nnenne c ranni:n cna:n Kpacnon Ap:nn, aa
orcrynanmn:n or(eini:n ipacni:n orpn(a:n.
Bor .ro rnioe orcrynenne n pacciaaano n Aeeano:
noroie`.
Cero(nn, n nnrna(naryi ro(onmnny, cimnre n ni rpoano
napacraimnn rycron ry maron, ry maron coren ricn~ 3ro
crponno n necoipymn:o n(er nexora Kpacnon Ap:nn.
Cimnre n ni ec~ncenno-anoninn cioi ionanix ionir
3ro necercn ipacnan ionnnna.
Cimnre n eeanin rpoxor, corpncaimnn ae:i (o ca-
:on rynni 3ro rnio n rpoano na(nnraircn ioonni ran-
ion.
Cimnre n my: ec~ncennix ipiien n nimnne 3ro
oenie ca:oeri, my:n, ipoir neo, pocan cnomnyi (nny-
myi reni na ae:i.
Cimnre n :ory~e-pa(ocrnie inin nec:ernix ron 3ro
npoerapnar, .ro ioxoannin npnnercrnyir cnoi Kpacnyi Ap-
:ni, nenoioen:yi aamnrnnny Conercion crpani, crpani
crponmerocn connana:a npornn aono n ncnyranno ociaen-
noro ypyaanoro :npa.
Y :nipo]ona nncarei Cepa]n:onn~, anrop Aeeanoro noroia`.
Cymanre ron. Cepa]n:onn~a.
1onapnmn, n po:ane Aeeanin noroi` pacciaainaircn nc-
rnnnie coirnn, ioropie paairpanci n 18-: ro(y na Cenepno:
Kaniaae...
Cymanre orpinin na Aeeanoro noroia`...
18
.
70
O(naio (ae iaccn~ecine nponane(ennn :orn crari ocnonon (n coa(a-
nnn xy(oecrnenno oprannaonannix nponaran(ncrcinx reicron. 3ro naaina-
oci ipnrn~ecin: ycnoenne: n nepepaorion iaccn~ecioro nreparyp-
no-xy(oecrnennoro nace(crna.
H:eircn no(ponie aanncin B. ]. Napiona (nonpi 1988 ro(a) o pa(no-
nocranonie pa(no]ni:a Cnon i(n co~re:cn (:yaiia B. Kpiiona,
penccep n anrop io:noannnn B. Napion). Anrop onpe(en nocranoniy iai
iaprnni iyne~ecion Nocini no A. H. Ocrponcio:y n ]e:inny 5e(no:y.
H:eircn cne(ennn, ~ro ia c(eana aannci, ioropan xpannrcn n BPK.
Ko:noannnn, n ocnony ioropon i nooen reicr ]. 5e(noro, paaoa-
~aa, no cona: anropon, cannno]nicio-monnnncrciyi in~nnocri aaro-
ranon Nocini. Hieca Ocrponcioro Cnon i(n co~re:cn ia nanra
iai :arepna, ncipinaimnn n opaaax roprono-:omennn~eciyi no(oneiy
:ocioncioro npanocannn n napo(nocrn. Orpinin na pacciaaon H. 4. lop-
ynona (air anponie iaprnni ira Nocini, npniap:nnaimencn noae
rainx cronon, ryaon, iai :ocioncinn nepnon rni(nn iynen Ca:con Cn-
i~ 5oimon
19
.
Boa:onocrn :acconoro noa(encrnnn na rpan(noanyi ay(nropni cpe(cr-
na:n pa(nonciyccrna in croi npnneiareini, ~ro (ae anropi ron~an-
mero no.rn~ecioro (apa ne c:orn naeari coaana pa(no.]npa. B na~ae
1980-x rr. ia nncnennponana no.:a 5. . Hacrepnaia 190b ro(, noiao-
nanmancn y cymareen nena:enni: ycnexo:. B 1981 ro(y cocronaci pa-
(nonpe:iepa xy(oecrnenno-(oiy:enrainon io:noannnn A. A. 1apioncio-
ro Honecri o c]arny:e (5aa(a o rop]e). Ona ia nocnnmena ncropnn
paapaorin rop]a n Poccnn n nonecrnonaa o ecroiocrn pyccinx napen-
yrnerareen n rneenme: rpy(e no(nenoinoro i(a, crpa(annn ioroporo
aaian~nnanci cpaay noce 1917 ro(a:
l(e panime npacran n ae:i a~yrn pao~nx nicnrcn
xopomo oopy(onannie apain, .eirpn~ecinn cner ier na oion,
ipacnie yroin, croonie, cyar pao~n:.
Crpana :on!
Ce:n~aconon pao~nn (eni
Crpana :on!
1op] nam! Crpana :on! Haprnn!
(Nyaiia)
Ni no( oimenncrcin: ana:ene: penoinni (ean. Hap-
rnn nac n on nea.
Haprnn!
Ha xoanncrnennix ]ponrax :i cpaae:cn no( pyiono(-
crno: naprnn, :i npenimae: nani.
Haprnn!
Ka(an ronna yrn ninnn~ena npo:]nnnano:. Bcrpe~-
ni: nano:.
Ho( ana:ene: oimenncrcion naprnn :i noe(ae: na
xoanncrnennix ]ponrax.
%
Haprnn.
1or ipecrinnnn, pao~nn ror,
1b0000000.
Ba(eer crpanon pao~nn napo(.
1b0000000.
Hac naprnn ne(er. looc. 1nep(ie pyin, Pao~nn na-
po(... looc.1b0000000. Bce: Hama crpana. Xop: Cna!
20
Ornomenne i xy(oecrnenno:y pa(nonemanni io o~eni rnop~ecin:.
Ho nnnnnarnne B. Napiona ia coa(ana cry(nn-aoparopnn no xy(oecr-
nenno:y nemanni. Cpannenne pa(no c inno, rearpa (n ryxnx, po(ao
opaa xy(oecrnennoro pa(no iai rearpa (n cenix. H n ro:, n (pyro:
cy~ae pe~i ma o ca:ocronreinix nn(ax nciyccrna. B aa(a~n aoparopnn
crannn orop n nocnnranne cnenn]n~ecioro pa(noncnonnren na ocnone
pa(norenn~nocrn n pa(no rpennnra
21
.
Ho nce: aaiona: rnop~ecion .crernin n oprannaannn :arepnaa pa(no
aanponaoci na ocoix pa(nonemareinix nreparypnix n io:noannn-
onnix anpax n rpiiax. B ia~ecrne yaonix naainanci npoe:i ona-
(ennn ia(i: (npnepo:, ia(i: penccepo:, paoraimn: na pa(no, rexnn-
~ecin:n noa:onocrn:n anyia
22
. Nne iaercn, ~ro poi pa(no n oacrn
nciyccrna n rearpa y nac eme n ne(ocraro~non crenenn oneneni, ronopn
A. 1anpon n 1988 ro(y. Ka(in airep, no.r, nncarei, rnop~ecinn paor-
nni (oen nonnri, ~ro ior(a on cronr y :nipo]ona, ero cimar n cymair
:nnonnie :acci namen crpani n ~ro roiio npn no:omn pa(no ecri
noa:onocri omaricn c raion orpo:non ay(nropnen
28
.
y~me ncex noa:onocrn pa(no c:or peanaonari B. 3. Nenepxoi(, io-
ropin aaon ocnoni pa(nopenccypi. Lro nyminnnana craa orpo:ni:
iyirypni: coirne: cepe(nni 1980-x rr.
24
Y(nnnreinie noa:onocrn any~amero rearpa n any~amen nreparypi
ncer(a in ocoenno nocrpeonani n nepno(i nanoee ecrinx n(eoo-
rn~ecinx orpann~ennn. Heoi~anno roninn nnronannonnin rooconon pn-
cynoi noanon penccepy n airepy ncnoiaonari ero iai (ononnreinoe
cpe(crno (n nepe(a~n cipiron nn]op:annn, oee nanecrnon n Poccnn iai
.aonon naii. Bor no~e:y n nepno(i eanpe:enin anropi rearpa y :ni-
po]ona ~acro opamanci i iaccn~ecio:y penepryapy, ~epnan n ne: :are-
pna (n conpe:ennon nnrepnperannn ne~nix npoe:.
B:ecre c re: pa(no(pa:aryprnn neci:a ~yrio pearnponaa na nce c:eni
nonrn~ecioro neiropa n no npe:ena ornocnreinix cnoo( nciaa nonie
]op:i (n orpaennn nonrn~ecion ar:oc]epi. B ioporinn orpeaoi :e-
(y oion~anne: Bropon :nponon nonni n nepni: n(eoorn~ecin: nocranon-
enne: UK BKH() or 14 anrycra 194b ro(a O ypnaax 3nea(a` n e-
nnnrpa(` crpyirypa xy(oecrnennoro .]npa ia neci:a opnrnnaina no
]op:e n nenpnni~no ypyaana no co(epanni. Hanoee npin: npn:e-
po: :oer cynri reicr cnenapnn eene(einoro pa(nopeni (n anro-
a:epniancioro or(ea Pa(noio:nrera:
72
Muxpoon e eocmx u.6upame.e
2b
(Becean (aaonan :yaiia, :eo(nn necenin :nipo]ona).
BL]YLHH (c(epnnan nonenne): Ao, pa(nocymaren!
K coaenni, ~aci noiaainair ce:na(nari ~acon no rpnnnn~-
cio:y npe:enn!.. Hpocrnre, n ne ro xore ciaaari!.. K coae-
nni, n (oen y(y cen~ac npeiparnri nepe(a~y!... Hpocrnre, n
onnri ciaaa ne ro!..
NHKPO4OH (paa(paenno): ]a nepecranire e, naionen!
Be(i nce rai npocro! Ornnnre pa(nocymaren:, ~ro n :n-
ipo-]on n ~ro cen~ac n y(y necrn nepe(a~y ca: ea namen
no:omn, rai e iai (eai .ro ia(oe nocipecenie n ce:na-
(nari ~acon no lpnnnn~y. Pa(nocymaren ye (anno npn-
niin i :on: nocronnni: nocipecni: nporyia:, a ni nniai
ne ocnonreci. Horynnre noia ea :enn! Noere (ae nocnari,
noia n y(y orcyrcrnonari :ne conepmenno eapaan~no.
Nn-ipo-]on ne ny(aercn n oneie! Hpomanre!
.. A ne na:epen cero(nn ornpannricn (aeio. A xo~y cero-
(nn noinari n rocrnx y ninon iaioro-nny(i oiinonen-
noro (o:a, r(e-nny(i no coce(crny. He noconeryere n ni ia-
ion-nny(i (o:.. l(e ni ca:n nnere
BL]YLHL (ycnoioenno): Ha ynne Aeicen 1ocroro. 3ro
o~eni nicoinn n ipacnnin (o: co :noecrno: inaprnp. Bor
na: :on nnanrnan iapro~ia c a(peco:. Lcn aan(ere i ynpan-
nime:y (o:o: aaxnarnre, noayncra, :on o~in. A aai y
nero cnon o~in.
NHKPO4OH: Kone~no, ione~no! A .ro onaareino c(e-
ai. Cnacno aa a(pec! A ornpannici n nam (o:! Hpomanre!
BL]YLHH: Hpomanre!
(Cnncr (nnennn)
NHKPO4OH: Bor .ror (o:!..
(1onranne :aeniinx noei no ecrnnne).
NHKPO4OH: Bor na (nepn iapro~ia: Ynpannimnn (o-
:o:. Hoanoni!
(3nonoi. Ly: ornopnimencn (nepn).
NHKPO4OH (Ho-anrnncin): 3(pancrnynre! Bi ynpan-
nimnn (o:o:.. (Cnoxnarnnmnci, nonropner ciaaannoe no-pyc-
cin).
NYACKOH lOOC (Ho-pyccin): O-o, .ro Nnipo]on! 3(pan-
crnynre! Bon(nre, noayncra! (Ha o:ano: anrnncio: nai-
ie). Bon(nre, noayncra! A y:ei ronopnri no-anrnncin. Nne
npannrcn .ror naii. On nano:nnaer :ne o :oe: ne(anne: npo-
mo:.
NHKPO4OH (nay:enno): O name: npomo:
YHPAB]ON: A ne(anno (e:onnaonacn na ]ora. A cy-
n crapmn: ipacno]orne:. B ro(i nonni n i neioropoe
npe:n n A:epnie n nay~ncn anrnncio:y naiiy. Ni noy~a-
%!
n ra: rpaimni, na ioropo: n noro: nana. 3ror rpaimni
nona n nepnie pyin :i noronnn rpn ne:enine no(no(-
nie o(in. Bor .ra royan enro~ia na :ne :e(ai 3a
oopony Conercioro 3anonpin`... . Xornre nocymari namy
oenyi necni :opnion.. A nocrani (n nac nacrnniy...
NHKPO4OH: Hoayncra!
(3ny~nr necnn :opnion. ]ainenmnn (naor npo(oaercn
na ]one necnn)...
NHKPO4OH: ... B coce(nen inaprnpe nner Hnioan Nac-
on. 3ro oimon cnennancr no .icnopry pyccion nymnnni,
cyamnn Bnemropra, orn~no ronopnmnn no-anrnncin.
NHKPO4OH: 3(pancrnynre!
NACOB (Ho-anrnncin): O, o, a(pancrnynre, (oporon Nni-
po]on! O~eni pa( na:! 3axo(nre! A na:ennin pa(noinrei
n ncer(a nac cymai.
NHKPO4OH: Cnacno!
(Nacon nii~aer pa(nonpne:nni. Cnncr n nnar .]npa).
NACOB: A :ory cymari iyi crpany :npa. 'ro xorn-
re..
NHKPO4OH: 5aro(api nac. Hpocro xopomyi pycciyi
necni...
NACOB: Hoayncra! Bor na:... 3ro nepe(aer ennn-
rpa(...
(3ny~nr crapnnnin pyccinn po:anc. ]naor npo(oaercn
na ]one necnn)
NHKPO4OH: He no:ema n n na: 'e: ni in aannri
NACOB: A paarncnn crapymie :arepn :oen eni
o(nn nanin nonpoc.
NHKPO4OH: Kaion
NACOB: Ona o~eni orop~ena, ~ro nner ne n ro: nanpa-
reino: oipyre, r(e (a coracne aornponaricn ronapnm Cra-
nn. A en, iai n ia(o:y na nac, o~eni xoreoci i rooconari
aa ian(n(arypy ronapnma Cranna.
NHKPO4OH: 'ro e ni en ciaaan
NACOB: A orncnn en, ~ro ronapnm Crann (a cora-
cne aornponaricn n (pyro: nanpareino: oipyre, ne n na-
me:. A nce namn ian(n(ari, n ro: ~nce 4e(opona n 5yrannn,
ni(nnnyri nanpareini: oio: io::ynncron n ecnaprnn-
nix. 3ror nanpareinin oi e(nno(ymen n :ory~, n ero na-
ainair n namen crpane cranncin: nanpareini: oio:.
A orncnn en, ~ro or(anan rooc io:y na ian(n(aron cra-
nncioro nanpareinoro oia, ona re: ca:i: roocyer aa
ronapnma Cranna.
NHKPO4OH: A ona
NACOB: Paay:eercn, coracnaci c :on:n (ono(a:n. Be(i
ro, ~ro n ciaaa npan(a.
74
NHKPO4OH: Paccianre :ne, noayncra, o i(nx, nny-
mnx n name: (o:e.
NACOB: B .ro: (o:e raioe paanoopaanoe naceenne!
Hnenepi, ne(arorn, pao~ne, cyamne, y~enie, (enren nc-
iyccrn... Bi nan(ere a(eci npe(crannreen iix npo]eccnn.
3(eci ner roiio nn iannrancron, nn eapaornix. Ho nx no-
ome ner n namen connancrn~ecion crpane... A, nanpn:ep,
cnennancr no .icnopry pyccion nymnnni. A o~eni ii
cnoi cnennainocri. Lcn i ni aarnnyn io :ne na cy-
y n noiaaa i na: opaani namen aa:e~areinon pyc-
cion nymnnni, na noce(nen naprnn na .icnopr! 'epnoypie
nci, royie necni... Kaian meionncrocri!..
NHKPO4OH: 5aro(api nac, n iai-nny(i aarnny i na:.
Ho cen~ac n cnemy (aime. Bcero xopomero!
NACOB: ]o cnn(annn!
2b
]ainenman ncropnn noiaaaa: n .icrpe:ainix cnryannnx pa(no npn-
rnrnnaer i cee :nnoni, onepean (pyrne conpe:ennie cpe(crna io::y-
nniannn. Oneparnnnocri n (ocrynnocri, .:onnonainocri n (e:oiparna:
.ro ia~ecrna, ioropie ocoenno n ipnrn~ecine :o:enri (eair pa(no nan-
oee conepmenni: cpe(crno: coe(nnennn i(en. Honenman ncropnn Poc-
cnn ionna XX neia, nopanman n cen coirnn anrycra 1991 ro(a, oirnpn
1998 ro(a, noapa na Ocraninncion amne 2000 ro(a, nmnnmero :ocion-
cinn pernon reennanonnoro cnrnaa, aacranner no-nono:y onennri n npo-
~yncrnonari, ~e: ia ~epnan rapeia pa(no (n noioennn conercinx
i(en 19201980-x rr.
Bor no~e:y, nec:orpn na nce rpanc]op:annn, ioropie nponaomn n onen-
ie paan~nix crpannn conercion ncropnn, namn npe(cranennn o pon n
ana~ennn pa(no c y~ero: nonon ]airorpa]nn ocranci nena:enni:n.
1
C:.: Hcropnn conercion pa(noypnancrnin. ]oiy:enri. 1eicri. Bocno:nna-
nnn. 1917194b ; Ho( pe(. A. H. 3acypcioro, orn. cocr. 1. N. lopnena. N., 1991.
C. 9197.
2
Pa(no y(ymero io nanncano B. Xennioni: n 1921 r. n onynionano n
ypnae Kpacnan Honi (1927. !8). He~araercn no in.: . A.e6nuxoe. Yrec na
y(ymero. Hpoaa, crarin ; Cocr. P. ]yranon. 3ncra, 1988. C. 288284.
8
Hep. A. N. ee(ena c ne:enioro naiia. 8 nonpn 1988 r. Ha reicre npnnncia
anropa o nocnnmennn crnxornopennn B. ]. Napiony.
4
Unr. no no(nnnniy nepeno(a A. N. ee(ena c ne:enioro naiia c (aron 8 non-
pn 1988 r. (PlAH. 4. 2882 (B. ]. Napion). On. 1. ]. 22b. . 14). Ha reicre
npnnncia anropa o nocnnmennn crnxornopennn B. ]. Napiony.
b
. Xuno.tcxu. Nocioncian ynna ;; 3na:n. 1988. ! 2. C. 108.
b
v. Aaex. ]opora i pacrny ;; Honin :np. 1991. ! 8. C. 19b-19b.
7
C:. nporoio ! 88 aace(annn Ceiperapnara UK BKH() or 7 nnnapn 1927 r.
(PlACHH. 4. 17. On. 118. ]. 2b7. . 28).
8
C:.: Pa(noeero(nni. N., 1984. C. 21.
%#
9
Ho(ponee c:.: T. !opeea. Pa(no Poccnn. Honrn~ecinn ionrpoi conercioro
pa(no. N., 2000.
10
PlAH. 4. b4b. on. 1. ]. 878. . b19b.
11
1a: e.
12
1a: e.
18
PlAH. 4. 2882. On. 1. ]. 211. . 17.
14
1a: e.
1b
1a: e.
1b
1a: e.
17
PlAH. 4. b4b. On. 1. ]. 878. . 188.
18
PlAH. 4. 4b7. On. 1. ]. 24. . 140.
19
PlAH. 4. 2882. On. 1. ]. 10. . 110.
20
Pa(no(eia(a. 1981. ! 1. C. 1114.
21
PlAH. 4. 2882. On. 1. ]. 41. . 24.
22
1a: e. . 2b2b.
28
PlAH. 4. 2828. On. 1. ]. 91. . 1.
24
C:. o .ro:: A. Lepe.t. Pa:na y :nipo]ona. N., 198b.
2b
Anropi nnia Heoi~annie noxo(ennn :nipo]ona N. Uenrnn n 5. Ar-
nnr. 3]np 8 ]enpan 194b r.
2b
PlAH. 4. 29bb. On.1. ]. 40. . 2187.