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26 mm
Julio Gil Pecharromn (Madrid, 1955) es profesor de
Historia Contempornea en la Universidad Nacional
de Educacin a Distancia (UNED). Ha publicado
diversas monografas sobre la historia poltica de
la Espaa del siglo XX, entre las que se encuentran
Conservadores subversivos. La derecha autoritaria
alfonsina, 1913-1936
(1994), Jos Mara Albiana y el Partido Nacionalista
Espaol, 1930-1937 (2000), Historia de la Segunda
Repblica Espaola (2002), Con permiso de la
autoridad. La Espaa de Franco (2008) y La poltica
exterior del franquismo (2008). Ha abordado la
biografa en libros como Jos Antonio Primo de Rivera.
Retrato de un visionario (1996) y Niceto Alcal-Zamora.
Un liberal en la encrucijada (2005). Como docente
universitario ensea historia de Europa, sobre la
que ha publicado varios trabajos, entre los que los
ms recientes son los libros Europa centro-oriental
contempornea. Siglos XIX y XX (2010) e Historia de la
integracin europea (2011).
Fotografas de la cubierta: EFE / Fototeca.com (plano anterior)
y ngel Milln /EFE y CAGP Iberfoto (plano posterior).
Diseo de la cubierta: Departamento de Arte y Diseo, rea Editorial
Grupo Planeta.
Diseo de la coleccin: <marnich.com>.
Julio Gil Pecharromn
El Movimiento Nacional
(1937-1977)
EspaaEscrita: Del Partido nico a Alianza Popular.
EspaaEscrita:
Diagonal, 662, 08034 Barcelona
www.editorial.planeta.es
www.planetadelibros.com
Julio Gil Pecharromn
El Movimiento Nacional (1937-1977)
Durante sus cuatro dcadas de existencia, la dictadura franquista vivi un continuo
proceso de institucionalizacin basado en sucesivas Leyes Fundamentales, de pretendi-
do rango constitucional, y en la dinmica de las informales familias polticas que, organi-
zadas en torno a visiones doctrinales e intereses grupales muy denidos, se disputaban
parcelas de poder bajo el arbitraje del general Franco. Este proceso constituyente, culmi-
nado con la Ley Orgnica del Estado de 1966, afect a la composicin y las funciones
de FET y de las JONS, que a partir de esa fecha adopt ocialmente la denominacin de
Movimiento Nacional, en cuyo seno estaba planteada ya una ardua batalla entre los
inmovilistas, defensores del monolitismo de partido nico, y los aperturistas, que queran
fomentar el ordenado contraste de pareceres.
La propuesta estelar de estos aperturistas Jos Sols, Fernndez-Miranda, Herrero
Tejedor eran las asociaciones polticas del Movimiento, de muy limitado pluralismo
interno. Sus primeros intentos asociaciones de opinin pblica (1969) y las de accin
poltica (1973) se estrellaron contra la resistencia de los inmovilistas, a quienes apo-
yaban Franco y Carrero Blanco. Con Arias Navarro, en el marco del espritu del 12 de
febrero (1974), se aprob el Estatuto de Asociaciones, cuando la dictadura enfrentaba su
fase terminal, y en 1975 y la primera mitad de 1976 se crearon diversas asociaciones
acogidas a la ortodoxia del Movimiento.
Este libro aborda el estudio de la dinmica del Movimiento Nacional durante el segun-
do franquismo y los sucesivos proyectos de desarrollo poltico emanados de la Secretara
General, su plasmacin en el sistema de asociaciones polticas y la aportacin de stas
en la conguracin de la actual derecha espaola en los primeros tiempos de la Tran-
sicin, sobre todo con su fundamental participacin en la creacin de Alianza Popular.
PVP 24,00 10036673
9 788408 121381
Jos Utrera Molina
Sin cambiar de bandera
Edicin revisada y aumentada
Ian Gibson
Lorca y el mundo gay
Caballo azul de mi locura
Jos Miguel Ort Bords
La Transicin desde dentro
Carlos Rojas
Retratos antifranquistas
Mara Teresa de Borbn Parma
As fueron, as son
Prlogo de Josep Carles Clemente
Santiago Carrillo
Los viejos camaradas
Gabriel Cardona
Alfonso XIII, el rey de espadas
Ral Morodo
Siete semblanzas polticas:
republicanos, falangistas, monrquicos
Carles Bonet Revs
La Espaa de los otros espaoles
Helena Calsamiglia Blancafort
Geografas e historias (1945-1975)
Juan Francisco Fuentes
Adolfo Surez
Biografa poltica
Joan Maria Thoms
Los fascismos espaoles
Josep Snchez Cervell
La Segunda Repblica en el exilio (1939-1977)
Ramn Serrano Suer
Entre Hendaya y Gibraltar
Isabelo Herreros
La conquista del cuerpo
Javier Castro-Villacaas
El fracaso de la Monarqua
C_ElMovimientoNacional.indd 1 08/10/13 07:46
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