Telegraphy

Radio communication is a system in which electromagnetic waves are used for the
transmission of information, instead of connecting lines. Communication is the
transfer of information from one location (transmitting station) to another location
(receiving station). Information or intelligence means any thing from which some
meaning or sense can be derived.
Telecommunication covers various methods used for communication of information at
a distance. Telecommunication includes Telegraphy. Telephony, Facsimile.
Television, Telemeter, Radar, Internet, etc. In all these systems the information is
carried out in the form of electric signals. In this chapter only telegraphy has been
described.
Telegraphy is used to transfer information in the written form. It is a combination of
two words. "Tele" means at a distance and "Graph" means to write. Hence telegraphy
is to write at a distance. In the early days of civilization, there were various methods
of transferring information (messages) over long distances these methods went on
improving with the passage of time and today we have the most modern methods of
communication. Telegraphy was the first electrical communication system that
allowed the people to communicate with each other beyond the limited ranges of
voice and vision. Telegraph depends upon the transmission of electrical signals, which
are arranged according to some definite code. The information to be sent is first
converted into some form of code for ease of transmission and reception. Codes are
symbols that represent units of information understandable by both sender and
receiver.

Communication system.
Telegraphy Code Types
In the unequal length code all the characters are represented by marks and spaces,
and the time of transmission is not the same (equal). There is no limit to the number
of characters combinations possible from this code. The most common unequal length
code is the Morse code.
In the equal length code each character consists of equal number of elements, each
having the same duration, which is also the basic time unit of the system. Five-unit
code is an equal length code and is most extensively used in machine telegraphy.