Гойвертс Я., Левитан С. - Регулярные выражения. Сборник рецептов - 2009

Use
regular expressions effectively in several

Learn how to validate and format input
Manage words, lines, special characters, and
Find solutions for using regular expressions in URLs,
Learn the nuances of more advanced regex features
Regular Expressions
Understand the basics of regular expressions
Understand how regular expressions APIs, syntax,

Write better regular expressions for custom needs
Regular
Expressions
Cookbook
Jan Goyvaerts, Steven Levithan
-
2010

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., .
. . . . .: , 2010. 608 ., .
ISBN 978-5-93286-181-3
100 , .
, : C#, Java,
JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby VB.NET. : URL , ,
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HTML, XML, CSV .
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ISBN 978-5-93286-181-3
ISBN 978-0-596-52068-7 ()
-, 2010
Authorized translation of the English edition 2009 OReilly. This translation is published and sold by permission of OReilly, Inc., the owner of all rights to publish and
sell the same.
, . , , .
-. 199034, -, 16 , 7,
. (812) 380-5007, www.symbol.ru. N 000054 25.12.98.

005-93, 2; 953000 .
30.10.2009. 70100 1/16. .
38 . . 2000 .

199034, -, 9 , 12.

............................................................................... 11
1. .......................................... 19
.......................................... 19
..................... 25
................. 27
2. ......... 48
2.1. ....................................... 49
2.2. ..................................... 52
2.3. .................... 54
2.4. ........................................ 59
2.5. / ....................... 62
2.6. ........................................ 68
2.7. , , ......... 71
2.8. ................. 85
2.9. ................................ 87
2.10. .....91
2.11. ........................ 93
2.12.
......................................................97
2.13.
................................ 100
2.14. .................................... 104
2.15. ..................... 108
2.16.
.............................. 111
2.17. ............. 119
2.18. ............ 122
2.19. ............... 124
2.20.
........................................................ 128
2.21.
........................................................ 129
2.22. ............. 133
3.
......................................................... 135
..... 135
3.1. ......... 142
3.2. .......... 149
3.3. ......................... 151
3.4. ................... 159
3.5.
.......................................... 168
3.6. ............... 175
3.7. .......................................... 181
3.8. .......................... 188
3.9. .................................. 194
3.10. ................................... 202
3.11. .......................................... 208
3.12. ........ 215
3.13. ..................... 219
3.14. .................................................... 224
3.15.
........................................................... 232
3.16. ,
.............................. 238
3.17.
.................................... 245
3.18.
.................................... 247
3.19. ............................................................ 253
3.20. ,
............................................... 264
3.21. ........................................................... 269
4. ................................................. 274
4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
4.4.
4.5.
4.6.
4.7.
4.8.
................................. 274
............... 282
................. 288
............................. 290
.................. 295
...................... 300
ISO 8601 ...................... 303

- ..................................... 308
4.9. ............................................... 312
4.10. ...................................... 317
4.11. ..................................... 323

4.12. ....................... 325
4.13. ISBN.................................................... 328
4.14. ............................................ 337
4.15. , ......... 338
4.16. ,
...................................... 339
4.17. , ............ 339
4.18.
, ................................................ 341
4.19. .................................... 346
4.20. ... 353
5. , ................................... 361
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
5.4.
5.5.
............................................... 361
...................................... 364
........................................................ 367
, ................... 371
,
............................... 373
5.6. ,
.................... 375
5.7. .................................... 379
5.8. .............................................. 387
5.9. ........................................ 389
5.10. ,
..................................... 395
5.11. ,
................................. 397
5.12.
...................................................... 398
5.13.
................................................... 402
5.14. ......... 403
6. ..................................................................................... 409
6.1.
6.2.
6.3.
6.4.
6.5.
6.6.
6.7.
................................................................... 409
............................................... 413
.............................................................. 416
.................................................. 418
....................................... 419
.......... 427
........................................................ 429
6.8. .............................. 433

6.9. ................................................................ 434
7. URL, ............................................... 438

7.1. URL ..................................................... 438
7.2. URL .............................................. 442
7.3. URL, .......... 444
7.4. URL, ............. 446
7.5. URL ............................... 448
7.6. URN ....................................................... 449
7.7. URL ............................... 452
7.8. URL ...................................... 458
7.9. URL ............................. 460
7.10. URL ........................................ 462
7.11. URL....................................... 465
7.12. URL ......................................... 467
7.13. URL .................................... 471
7.14 URL .......................................... 472
7.15. ................................................. 473
7.16. IPv4 .......................................... 476
7.17. IPv6 .......................................... 479
7.18. Windows ............................................... 495
7.19. Windows ............................... 498
7.20. Windows ............... 503
7.21.
UNC ..................................................... 504
7.22. Windows ........................ 506
7.23. Windows.......................... 508
7.24. Windows........ 510
7.25. ............... 511
8. ................................................... 513
8.1. XML............................................................. 521
8.2. <b> <strong>....................................... 541
8.3. XML- ,
<em> <strong> ...................................... 545
8.4. XML .......................................... 549
8.5. HTML
<p> <br> ........................................... 557
8.6.
XML- ..................................................... 560
8.7. cellspacing <table>,
.............................................. 566
8.8. XML- ............................. 569

8.9. XML- ........................ 574
8.10. , CSV .......... 579
8.11. CSV ................. 584
8.12. INI .................. 588
8.13. INI ................................ 589
8.14. - INI ............... 591
.............................................................. 593

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Jan Goyvaerts and Steven Levithan, 978-0-596-2068-7.

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[a-fA-F\d]
57
2.3.
:
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. , , , ,
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\w .
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Java, JavaScript, PCRE Ruby \w [a-zA-Z0-9_] . .NET Perl

- (,
). Python , UNICODE U. \d . .NET Perl
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UNICODE U.
\s . , . .NET, Perl
JavaScript \s , . ,
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b ,
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(?i)[A-F0-9]
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63
2.5. /

âlpha
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)
: .NET, Java, JavaScript, PCRE, Perl, Python
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omega$
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69
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.NET, JavaScript, PCRE, Perl, Python Ruby

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PHP UTF-8 /u. Ruby 1.8
.
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:
: .NET, Java, PCRE, Perl, Ruby 1.9
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\p{InGreekExtended}
:
: Java, Perl
JavaScript, PCRE, Python Ruby
.

\p{Greek}
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73
2.7. , ,
PCRE 6.5
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74
2.
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\p{L}
.
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2.7. , ,
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\p{S}
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() .
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76
2.
\p{Ps}
.
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\p{Cc}
0x000x1F ASCII 0x80
0x9F Latin-1.
\p{Cf}
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\p{Co}
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\p{Cs}
UTF-16.
\p{Cn}
, .
\p{Ll} , Ll, lowercase letter ( ). \p{L} [\p{Ll}\p{Lu}\p{Lt}\p{Lm}\p{Lo}] , letter ().
\P \p. \P{Ll} , Ll. \P{L} , - letter
77
2.7. , ,
(). [\P{Ll}\P{Lu}\P{Lt}\P{Lm}\P{Lo}] ,
. \P{Ll} , Lu ( , Ll), \P{Lu}
, Ll.
.

. .
U+0000 U+FFFF 105 :
U+0000U+007F
U+0080U+00FF
U+0100U+017F
U+0180U+024F
U+0250U+02AF
U+02B0U+02FF
U+0300U+036F
U+0370U+03FF
U+0400U+04FF
U+0500U+052F
U+0530U+058F
U+0590U+05FF
U+0600U+06FF
U+0700U+074F
U+0780U+07BF
U+0900U+097F
U+0980U+09FF
U+0A00U+0A7F
U+0A80U+0AFF
U+0B00U+0B7F
U+0B80U+0BFF
U+0C00U+0C7F
U+0C80U+0CFF
U+0D00U+0D7F
U+0D80U+0DFF
U+0E00U+0E7F
U+0E80U+0EFF
U+0F00U+0FFF
U+1000U+109F
<\p{InBasic_Latin}>
<\p{InLatin-1_Supplement}>
<\p{InLatin_Extended-A}>
<\p{InLatin_Extended-B}>
<\p{InIPA_Extensions}>
<\p{InSpacing_Modifier_Letters}>
<\p{InCombining_Diacritical_Marks}>
<\p{InGreek_and_Coptic}>
<\p{InCyrillic}>
<\p{InCyrillic_Supplementary}>
<\p{InArmenian}>
<\p{InHebrew}>
<\p{InArabic}>
<\p{InSyriac}>
<\p{InThaana}>
<\p{InDevanagari}>
<\p{InBengali}>
<\p{InGurmukhi}>
<\p{InGujarati}>
<\p{InOriya}>
<\p{InTamil}>
<\p{InTelugu}>
<\p{InKannada}>
<\p{InMalayalam}>
<\p{InSinhala}>
<\p{InThai}>
<\p{InLao}>
<\p{InTibetan}>
<\p{InMyanmar}>
78
2.
U+10A0U+10FF
U+1100U+11FF
U+1200U+137F
U+13A0U+13FF
U+1400U+167F
U+1680U+169F
U+16A0U+16FF
U+1700U+171F
U+1720U+173F
U+1740U+175F
U+1760U+177F
U+1780U+17FF
U+1800U+18AF
U+1900U+194F
U+1950U+197F
U+19E0U+19FF
U+1D00U+1D7F
U+1E00U+1EFF
U+1F00U+1FFF
U+2000U+206F
U+2070U+209F
U+20A0U+20CF
U+20D0U+20FF
U+2100U+214F
U+2150U+218F
U+2190U+21FF
U+2200U+22FF
U+2300U+23FF
U+2400U+243F
U+2440U+245F
U+2460U+24FF
U+2500U+257F
U+2580U+259F
U+25A0U+25FF
U+2600U+26FF
U+2700U+27BF
U+27C0U+27EF
U+27F0U+27FF
U+2800U+28FF
U+2900U+297F
<\p{InGeorgian}>
<\p{InHangul_Jamo}>
<\p{InEthiopic}>
<\p{InCherokee}>
<\p{InUnified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics}>
<\p{InOgham}>
<\p{InRunic}>
<\p{InTagalog}>
<\p{InHanunoo}>
<\p{InBuhid}>
<\p{InTagbanwa}>
<\p{InKhmer}>
<\p{InMongolian}>
<\p{InLimbu}>
<\p{InTai_Le}>
<\p{InKhmer_Symbols}>
<\p{InPhonetic_Extensions}>
<\p{InLatin_Extended_Additional}>
<\p{InGreek_Extended}>
<\p{InGeneral_Punctuation}>
<\p{InSuperscripts_and_Subscripts}>
<\p{InCurrency_Symbols}>
<\p{InCombining_Diacritical_Marks_for_Symbols}>
<\p{InLetterlike_Symbols}>
<\p{InNumber_Forms}>
<\p{InArrows}>
<\p{InMathematical_Operators}>
<\p{InMiscellaneous_Technical}>
<\p{InControl_Pictures}>
<\p{InOptical_Character_Recognition}>
<\p{InEnclosed_Alphanumerics}>
<\p{InBox_Drawing}>
<\p{InBlock_Elements}>
<\p{InGeometric_Shapes}>
<\p{InMiscellaneous_Symbols}>
<\p{InDingbats}>
<\p{InMiscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols-A}>
<\p{InSupplemental_Arrows-A}>
<\p{InBraille_Patterns}>
<\p{InSupplemental_Arrows-B}>
2.7. , ,
U+2980U+29FF
U+2A00U+2AFF
U+2B00U+2BFF
U+2E80U+2EFF
U+2F00U+2FDF
U+2FF0U+2FFF
U+3000U+303F
U+3040U+309F
U+30A0U+30FF
U+3100U+312F
U+3130U+318F
U+3190U+319F
U+31A0U+31BF
U+31F0U+31FF
U+3200U+32FF
U+3300U+33FF
U+3400U+4DBF
U+4DC0U+4DFF
U+4E00U+9FFF
U+A000U+A48F
U+A490U+A4CF
U+AC00U+D7AF
U+D800U+DB7F
U+DB80U+DBFF
U+DC00U+DFFF
U+E000U+F8FF
U+F900U+FAFF
U+FB00U+FB4F
U+FB50U+FDFF
U+FE00U+FE0F
U+FE20U+FE2F
U+FE30U+FE4F
U+FE50U+FE6F
U+FE70U+FEFF
U+FF00U+FFEF
U+FFF0U+FFFF
79
<\p{InMiscellaneous_Mathematical_Symbols-B}>
<\p{InSupplemental_Mathematical_Operators}>
<\p{InMiscellaneous_Symbols_and_Arrows}>
<\p{InCJK_Radicals_Supplement}>
<\p{InKangxi_Radicals}>
<\p{InIdeographic_Description_Characters}>
<\p{InCJK_Symbols_and_Punctuation}>
<\p{InHiragana}>
<\p{InKatakana}>
<\p{InBopomofo}>
<\p{InHangul_Compatibility_Jamo}>
<\p{InKanbun}>
<\p{InBopomofo_Extended}>
<\p{InKatakana_Phonetic_Extensions}>
<\p{InEnclosed_CJK_Letters_and_Months}>
<\p{InCJK_Compatibility}>
<\p{InCJK_Unified_Ideographs_Extension_A}>
<\p{InYijing_Hexagram_Symbols}>
<\p{InCJK_Unified_Ideographs}>
<\p{InYi_Syllables}>
<\p{InYi_Radicals}>
<\p{InHangul_Syllables}>
<\p{InHigh_Surrogates}>
<\p{InHigh_Private_Use_Surrogates}>
<\p{InLow_Surrogates}>
<\p{InPrivate_Use_Area}>
<\p{InCJK_Compatibility_Ideographs}>
<\p{InAlphabetic_Presentation_Forms}>
<\p{InArabic_Presentation_Forms-A}>
<\p{InVariation_Selectors}>
<\p{InCombining_Half_Marks}>
<\p{InCJK_Compatibility_Forms}>
<\p{InSmall_Form_Variants}>
<\p{InArabic_Presentation_Forms-B}>
<\p{InHalfwidth_and_Fullwidth_Forms}>
<\p{InSpecials}>
. ,
, , 100% . .
80
2.
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Latin-1_Supplement. Currency
Symbol.
\p{InCurrency} \p{Sc} .
, \p{Cn} .

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\p{InBlockName} .NET
Perl. Java \p{IsBlockName} .
Perl Is,
In, . Perl \p{Script} \p{IsScript} , \p{InScript} .

, , .

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<\p{Common}>
<\p{Arabic}>
<\p{Armenian}>
<\p{Bengali}>
<\p{Bopomofo}>
<\p{Braille}>
<\p{Buhid}>
<\p{CanadianAboriginal}>
<\p{Cherokee}>
<\p{Cyrillic}>
<\p{Devanagari}>
<\p{Ethiopic}>
<\p{Georgian}>
<\p{Greek}>
<\p{Gujarati}>
<\p{Gurmukhi}>
<\p{Han}>
<\p{Hangul}>
<\p{Hanunoo}>
<\p{Hebrew}>
<\p{Hiragana}>
<\p{Katakana}>
<\p{Khmer}>
<\p{Lao}>
<\p{Latin}>
<\p{Limbu}>
<\p{Malayalam}>
<\p{Mongolian}>
<\p{Myanmar}>
<\p{Ogham}>
<\p{Oriya}>
<\p{Runic}>
<\p{Sinhala}>
<\p{Syriac}>
<\p{Tagalog}>
<\p{Tagbanwa}>
<\p{TaiLe}>
<\p{Tamil}>
<\p{Telugu}>
<\p{Thaana}>
<\p{Thai}>
<\p{Tibetan}>
2.7. , ,
<\p{Inherited}>
<\p{Kannada}>
81
<\p{Yi}>
,
. , Thai,
. , Latin,
. . , Japanese,
Hiragana, Katakana, Han Latin,
.
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82
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:

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[\u1F00-\u1FFF]
83
2.7. , ,

[\x{1F00}-\x{1FFF}]
:
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[\u0370-\u0373\u0375\u0376-\u0377\u037A\u037B-\u037D\u0384\u0386
\u0388-\u038A\u038C\u038E-\u03A1\u03A3-\u03E1\u03F0-\u03F5\u03F6
\u03F7-\u03FF\u1D26-\u1D2A\u1D5D-\u1D61\u1D66-\u1D6A\u1DBF\u1F00-\u1F15
\u1F18-\u1F1D\u1F20-\u1F45\u1F48-\u1F4D\u1F50-\u1F57\u1F59\u1F5B\u1F5D
\u1F5F-\u1F7D\u1F80-\u1FB4\u1FB6-\u1FBC\u1FBD\u1FBE\u1FBF-\u1FC1
\u1FC2-\u1FC4\u1FC6-\u1FCC\u1FCD-\u1FCF\u1FD0-\u1FD3\u1FD6-\u1FDB
\u1FDD-\u1FDF\u1FE0-\u1FEC\u1FED-\u1FEF\u1FF2-\u1FF4\u1FF6-\u1FFC
\u1FFD-\u1FFE\u2126]
:
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[\x{0370}-\x{0373}\x{0375}\x{0376}-\x{0377}\x{037A}\x{037B}-\x{037D}
\x{0384}\x{0386}\x{0388}-\x{038A}\x{038C}\x{038E}-\x{03A1}
\x{03A3}-\x{03E1}\x{03F0}-\x{03F5}\x{03F6}\x{03F7}-\x{03FF}
\x{1D26}-\x{1D2A}\x{1D5D}-\x{1D61}\x{1D66}-\x{1D6A}\x{1DBF}
\x{1F00}-\x{1F15}\x{1F18}-\x{1F1D}\x{1F20}-\x{1F45}\x{1F48}-\x{1F4D}
\x{1F50}-\x{1F57}\x{1F59}\x{1F5B}\x{1F5D}\x{1F5F}-\x{1F7D}
\x{1F80}-\x{1FB4}\x{1FB6}-\x{1FBC}\x{1FBD}\x{1FBE}\x{1FBF}-\x{1FC1}
\x{1FC2}-\x{1FC4}\x{1FC6}-\x{1FCC}\x{1FCD}-\x{1FCF}\x{1FD0}-\x{1FD3}
\x{1FD6}-\x{1FDB}\x{1FDD}-\x{1FDF}\x{1FE0}-\x{1FEC}\x{1FED}-\x{1FEF}
\x{1FF2}-\x{1FF4}\x{1FF6}-\x{1FFC}\x{1FFD}-\x{1FFE}\x{2126}
\x{10140}-\x{10174}\x{10175}-\x{10178}\x{10179}-\x{10189}
\x{1018A}\x{1D200}-\x{1D241}\x{1D242}-\x{1D244}\x{1D245}]
:
.
http://www.unicode.org - Unicode
Consortium, , , .
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Unicode Explained,
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2.8.
85
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Mary, Jane, Sue Mary.
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, :
string resultString = null;
try {
resultString = Regex.Match(subjectString, @\d+).Value;
// null
//
//
}
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string resultString = regexObj.Match(subjectString).Value;
182
3.
, Regex :
try {
try {
resultString = regexObj.Match(subjectString).Value;
// null
//
}
//
}
VB.NET

:
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, :
Dim ResultString As String = Nothing
Try
ResultString = Regex.Match(SubjectString, \d+).Value
Nothing


End Try
, Regex:
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Dim ResultString = RegexObj.Match(SubjectString).Value
, Regex :
Try
Try
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3.7.
183
Nothing

End Try

End Try
Java
,
Matcher:
String resultString = null;
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile(\\d+);
if (regexMatcher.find()) {
resultString = regexMatcher.group();
}
, :
try {
resultString = regexMatcher.group();
}
//
}
JavaScript
var result = subject.match(/\d+/);
if (result) {
result = result[0];
} else {
result = ;
}
PHP
if (preg_match(/\d+/, $subject, $groups)) {
$result = $groups[0];
} else {
$result = ;
}
184
3.
Perl
if ($subject =~ m/\d+/) {
$result = $&;
} else {
$result = ;
}
Python

:
matchobj = re.search(regex pattern, subject)
if matchobj:
result = matchobj.group()
else:
result =
, :
matchobj = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
result = matchobj.group()
else:
result =
Ruby
=~ $&:
result = $&
else
result =
end
, match() Regexp:
matchobj = /regex pattern/.match(subject)
if matchobj
result = matchobj[0]
else
result =
end
3.7.
185
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188
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.
.
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C#

:
int matchstart, matchlength = -1;
Match matchResult = Regex.Match(subjectString, @\d+);
if (matchResult.Success) {
matchstart = matchResult.Index;
matchlength = matchResult.Length;
}
Regex:
int matchstart, matchlength = -1;
Match matchResult = regexObj.Match(subjectString).Value;
matchstart = matchResult.Index;
matchlength = matchResult.Length;
}
VB.NET

:
3.8.
189
Dim MatchStart = -1
Dim MatchLength = -1
Dim MatchResult = Regex.Match(SubjectString, \d+)
If MatchResult.Success Then
MatchStart = MatchResult.Index
MatchLength = MatchResult.Length
End If
Regex:
Dim MatchStart = -1
Dim MatchLength = -1
If MatchResult.Success Then
MatchStart = MatchResult.Index
MatchLength = MatchResult.Length
End If
Java
int matchStart, matchLength = -1;
matchStart = regexMatcher.start();
matchLength = regexMatcher.end() - matchStart;
}
JavaScript
var matchstart = -1;
var matchlength = -1;
var match = /\d+/.exec(subject);
if (match) {
matchstart = match.index;
matchlength = match[0].length;
}
PHP
if (preg_match(/\d+/, $subject, $groups, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
$matchstart = $groups[0][1];
$matchlength = strlen($groups[0][0]);
}
Perl
if ($subject =~ m/\d+/g) {
$matchlength = length($&);
190
3.
$matchstart = length($`);
}
Python

:
matchobj = re.search(r\d+, subject)
if matchobj:
matchstart = matchobj.start()
matchlength = matchobj.end() - matchstart

:
reobj = re.compile(r\d+)
if matchobj:
matchstart = matchobj.start()
Ruby
=~ $~:
matchstart = $~.begin()
matchlength = $~.end() - matchstart
end
, match() Regexp:
matchobj = /regex pattern/.match(subject)
if matchobj
matchstart = matchobj.begin()
end
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191
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192
3.
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CAPTURE, . ( ), , , ( ). : , .
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193
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194
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information http://([a-z0-9.-]+)
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C#

:
string resultString = Regex.Match(subjectString,
http://([a-z0-9.-]+)).Groups[1].Value;
3.9.
195
Regex:
Regex regexObj = new Regex(http://([a-z0-9.-]+));
string resultString = regexObj.Match(subjectString).Groups[1].Value;
VB.NET

:
Dim ResultString = Regex.Match(SubjectString,
http://([a-z0-9.-]+)).Groups(1).Value
Regex:
Dim RegexObj As New Regex(http://([a-z0-9.-]+))
Dim ResultString = RegexObj.Match(SubjectString).Groups(1).Value
Java
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile(http://([a-z0-9.-]+));
resultString = regexMatcher.group(1);
}
JavaScript
var result = ;
var match = /http:\/\/([a-z0-9.-]+)/.exec(subject);
if (match) {
result = match[1];
} else {
result = ;
}
PHP
if (preg_match(%http://([a-z0-9.-]+)%, $subject, $groups)) {
$result = $groups[1];
} else {
$result = ;
}
Perl
if ($subject =~ m!http://([a-z0-9.-]+)!) {
$result = $1;
} else {
196
3.
$result = ;
}
Python

:
matchobj = re.search(http://([a-z0-9.-]+), subject)
if matchobj:
result = matchobj.group(1)
else:
result =

:
reobj = re.compile(http://([a-z0-9.-]+))
if match:
result = matchobj.group(1)
else:
result =
Ruby
=~ , $1:
if subject =~ %r!http://([a-z0-9.-]+)!
result = $1
else
result =
end
, match() Regexp:
matchobj = %r!http://([a-z0-9.-]+)!.match(subject)
if matchobj
result = matchobj[1]
else
result =
end
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3.9.
197
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.
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198
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.
, . , , IndexOutOfBoundsException. , , group(n) null,
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3.9.
199
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200
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C#

:
string resultString = Regex.Match(subjectString,
http://(?<domain>[a-z0-9.-]+)).Groups[domain].Value;
Regex:
Regex regexObj = new Regex(http://(?<domain>[a-z0-9.-]+));
string resultString = regexObj.Match(subjectString).Groups[domain].Value;
C# Group
. Groups , . , .NET , . Match.
Groups[nosuchgroup].Success false.
3.9.
201
VB.NET

:
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http://(?<domain>[a-z0-9.-]+)).Groups(domain).Value
Regex:
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Dim ResultString = RegexObj.Match(SubjectString).Groups(domain).Value
VB.NET Group
. Groups , . , .NET , . Match.
Groups[nosuchgroup].Success false.
PHP
if (preg_match(%http://(?P<domain>[a-z0-9.-]+)%, $subject, $groups)) {
$result = $groups[domain];
} else {
$result = ;
}

, $groups .

. , .
$groups[0] , $groups[1] $groups[domain]
, .
Perl
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$result = $+{domain};
} else {
$result = ;
}
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5.10. $+
. Perl
202
3.
. $1 $+{name}
, .
Python
matchobj = re.search(http://(?P<domain>[a-z0-9.-]+), subject)
if matchobj:
result = matchobj.group(domain)
else:
result =

, group() .
.
2.9, .
2.11, .
3.10.
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16, 42, 65 99.
,
, .
C#
:
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Regex:
MatchCollection matchlist = regexObj.Matches(subjectString);
3.10.
203
VB.NET
:
Dim matchlist = Regex.Matches(SubjectString, \d+)
Regex:
Dim MatchList = RegexObj.Matches(SubjectString)
Java
List<String> resultList = new ArrayList<String>();
while (regexMatcher.find()) {
resultList.add(regexMatcher.group());
}
JavaScript
var list = subject.match(/\d+/g);
PHP
preg_match_all(/\d+/, $subject, $result, PREG_PATTERN_ORDER);
$result = $result[0];
Perl
@result = $subject =~ m/\d+/g;
,
, . 2.9.
Python
:
result = re.findall(r\d+, subject)

:
result = reobj.findall(subject)
204
3.
Ruby
result = subject.scan(/\d+/)
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Matches().
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,
.
Java
Java , . , -
3.10.
205
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JavaScript
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.
/g string.match() .
,
, 3.11.
PHP
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preg_match_all()
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ORDER.
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PATTERN_ORDER PREG_SET_ORDER. , PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE preg_match()
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207
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208
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.
C#
:
while (matchResult.Success) {
// ,
// matchResult
matchResult = matchResult.NextMatch();
}
Regex:
matchResult = regexObj.Match(subjectString);
// ,
// matchResult
}
3.11.
209
VB.NET
:
While MatchResult.Success
,
matchResult
MatchResult = MatchResult.NextMatch
End While
Regex:
Dim MatchResult = RegexObj.Match(SubjectString)
,
matchResult
End While
Java
// ,
// regexMatcher
}
JavaScript
,
, exec() :
var regex = /\d+/g;
var match = null;
while (match = regex.exec(subject)) {
// , Firefox,
//
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// ,
// match
}
210
3.
, ,
:
var regex = /\d+/g;
var match = null;
// ,
// match
}
PHP
preg_match_all(/\d+/, $subject, $result, PREG_PATTERN_ORDER);
for ($i = 0; $i < count($result[0]); $i++) {
# = $result[0][$i];
}
Perl
while ($subject =~ m/\d+/g) {
# = $&
}
Python
:
for matchobj in re.finditer(r\d+, subject):
# ,
# matchobj
:
for matchobj in reobj.finditer(subject):
# ,
# matchobj
Ruby
subject.scan(/\d+/) {|match|
# ,
# match
}
3.11.
211
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Success matchResult true, .
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NextMatch(), matchResult
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212
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JavaScript
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.
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213
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.
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, 1
lastIndex, exec() .
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string.
match() ( 3.14)
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$matchstart + $matchlength
,
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3.18.

preg_match() -

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214
3.

.
preg_match_all(), ,
.
Perl
3.4 , /g, . /g
, .
while . ,
$& ( 3.7),
while.
Python
finditer() re ,
. , . , .
re.finditer() re.compile(), finditer() . : .
finditer() ,
re.finditer(). ,
finditer() . , . , . , .
Ruby
scan() String
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.
3.12.
215

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subject.scan(/(a)(b)(c)/) {|a, b, c|
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}
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nil.
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#
}
.
3.7, 3.8, 3.10 3.12.
3.12.

3.10 , , , .
, , ( ) .
, , 13.
216
3.
C#
:
StringCollection resultList = new StringCollection();
if (int.Parse(matchResult.Value) % 13 == 0) {
resultList.Add(matchResult.Value);
}
}
Regex:
matchResult = regexObj.Match(subjectString);
if (int.Parse(matchResult.Value) % 13 == 0) {
resultList.Add(matchResult.Value);
}
}
VB.NET
:
Dim ResultList = New StringCollection
If Integer.Parse(MatchResult.Value) Mod 13 = 0 Then
ResultList.Add(MatchResult.Value)
End If
End While
Regex:
Dim MatchResult = RegexObj.Match(SubjectString)
3.12.
If Integer.Parse(MatchResult.Value) Mod 13 = 0 Then
ResultList.Add(MatchResult.Value)
End If
End While
Java
if (Integer.parseInt(regexMatcher.group()) % 13 == 0) {
}
}
JavaScript
var list = [];
var regex = /\d+/g;
var match = null;
// , Firefox,
//
// , match
if (match[0] % 13 == 0) {
list.push(match[0]);
}
}
PHP
preg_match_all(/\d+/, $subject, $matchdata, PREG_PATTERN_ORDER);
for ($i = 0; $i < count($matchdata[0]); $i++) {
if ($matchdata[0][$i] % 13 == 0) {
$list[] = $matchdata[0][$i];
}
}
Perl
while ($subject =~ m/\d+/g) {
if ($& % 13 == 0) {
push(@list, $&);
}
}
217
218
3.
Python
:
list = []
for matchobj in re.finditer(r\d+, subject):
if int(matchobj.group()) % 13 == 0:
list.append(matchobj.group())
:
list = []
for matchobj in reobj.finditer(subject):
if int(matchobj.group()) % 13 == 0:
list.append(matchobj.group())
Ruby
list = []
subject.scan(/\d+/) {|match|
list << match if (Integer(match) % 13 == 0)
}
. \d+ , , ,
, .
- , , 13, , , , , .
, , . .
, , . , 13 .
, . , .
3.13.
219
.
3.7, 3.10 3.11.
3.13.

, .
,
.
, HTML,
, <b>. , . ,
<b> , . , 1 <b>2</b> 3 4 <b>5 6 7</b>
: 2, 5, 6 7.
C#
Regex outerRegex = new Regex(<b>(.*?)</b>, RegexOptions.Singleline);
Regex innerRegex = new Regex(@\d+);
//
Match outerMatch = outerRegex.Match(subjectString);
while (outerMatch.Success) {
//
Match innerMatch = innerRegex.Match(outerMatch.Groups[1].Value);
while (innerMatch.Success) {
resultList.Add(innerMatch.Value);
innerMatch = innerMatch.NextMatch();
}
//
outerMatch = outerMatch.NextMatch();
}
VB.NET
Dim OuterRegex As New Regex(<b>(.*?)</b>, RegexOptions.Singleline)
Dim InnerRegex As New Regex(\d+)

220
3.
Dim OuterMatch = OuterRegex.Match(SubjectString)
While OuterMatch.Success

Dim InnerMatch = InnerRegex.Match(OuterMatch.Groups(1).Value)
While InnerMatch.Success
ResultList.Add(InnerMatch.Value)
InnerMatch = InnerMatch.NextMatch
End While
OuterMatch = OuterMatch.NextMatch
End While
Java
, Java 4 :
Pattern outerRegex = Pattern.compile(<b>(.*?)</b>, Pattern.DOTALL);
Pattern innerRegex = Pattern.compile(\\d+);
Matcher outerMatcher = outerRegex.matcher(subjectString);
while (outerMatcher.find()) {
Matcher innerMatcher = innerRegex.matcher(outerMatcher.group());
while (innerMatcher.find()) {
resultList.add(innerMatcher.group());
}
}
(
innerMatcher ), Java 5 :
Pattern outerRegex = Pattern.compile(<b>(.*?)</b>, Pattern.DOTALL);
Pattern innerRegex = Pattern.compile(\\d+);
Matcher innerMatcher = innerRegex.matcher(subjectString);
innerMatcher.region(outerMatcher.start(), outerMatcher.end());
while (innerMatcher.find()) {
resultList.add(innerMatcher.group());
}
}
JavaScript
var
var
var
var
result = [];
outerRegex = /<b>([\s\S]*?)<\/b>/g;
innerRegex = /\d+/g;
outerMatch = null;
3.13.
221
while (outerMatch = outerRegex.exec(subject)) {

if (outerMatch.index == outerRegex.lastIndex)
outerRegex.lastIndex++;
var innerSubject = subject.substr(outerMatch.index,
outerMatch[0].length);
var innerMatch = null;
while (innerMatch = innerRegex.exec(innerSubject)) {
if (innerMatch.index == innerRegex.lastIndex)
innerRegex.lastIndex++;
result.push(innerMatch[0]);
}
}
PHP
$list = array();
preg_match_all(%<b>(.*?)</b>%s, $subject, $outermatches,
PREG_PATTERN_ORDER);
for ($i = 0; $i < count($outermatches[0]); $i++) {
if (preg_match_all(/\d+/, $outermatches[0][$i], $innermatches,
PREG_PATTERN_ORDER)) {
$list = array_merge($list, $innermatches[0]);
}
}
Perl
while ($subject =~ m!<b>(.*?)</b>!gs) {
push(@list, ($& =~ m/\d+/g));
}
, ( \d+ ) , .
2.9.
Python
list = []
innerre = re.compile(r\d+)
for outermatch in re.finditer((?s)<b>(.*?)</b>, subject):
list.extend(innerre.findall(outermatch.group(1)))
Ruby
list = []
subject.scan(/<b>(.*?)<\/b>/m) {|outergroups|
list += outergroups[0].scan(/\d+/)
}
222
3.

, .
, , , , , . , .
.
. ,
, , ,
. . ,
, 1.
. HTML- <b> <b>(.*?)</b> 2.
\d+ .
, :
\d+(?=(?:(?!<b>).)*</b>)
:
,
, . , , ; -
, . .
,
.
,
, .
,
, . JavaScript <b>
([\s\S]*?)</b> .
223
3.13.
, ,
.
, , , . , <b>(.*?)</b> ,
;
,
, .
, , , . . HTML- <b> ,
.
,
3.11. , , , ,
, .
.
, 3.10. ,
,
.
, ( )
. , .
, , .
, ,
.
, . , . , (HTML- <b>) , , , <b>. , ,
, ,
.
224
3.
.
3.8, 3.10 3.11.
3.14.

before after .
C#
:
string resultString = Regex.Replace(subjectString, before, after);
, :
try {
resultString = Regex.Replace(subjectString, before, after);
// null
// ,
//
}
Regex:
Regex regexObj = new Regex(before);
string resultString = regexObj.Replace(subjectString, after);
, Regex :
try {
Regex regexObj = new Regex(before);
try {
resultString = regexObj.Replace(subjectString, after);
3.14.
225
// null
//
}
//
}
VB.NET
:
Dim ResultString = Regex.Replace(SubjectString, before, after)
, :
Try
ResultString = Regex.Replace(SubjectString, before, after)
null
,

End Try
Regex:
Dim RegexObj As New Regex(before)
Dim ResultString = RegexObj.Replace(SubjectString, after)
, Regex :
Try
Dim RegexObj As New Regex(before)
Try
ResultString = RegexObj.Replace(SubjectString, after)
null

End Try

End Try
226
3.
Java
:
String resultString = subjectString.replaceAll(before, after);
, :
try {
String resultString = subjectString.replaceAll(before, after);
//
} catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
// ( $
?)
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
//
}
Matcher:
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile(before);
String resultString = regexMatcher.replaceAll(after);
, Matcher :
try {
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile(before);
try {
resultString = regexMatcher.replaceAll(after);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
//
// ( $ ?)
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
//
}
//
}
JavaScript
result = subject.replace(/before/g, after);
3.14.
227
PHP
$result = preg_replace(/before/, after, $subject);
Perl
$_,
$_:
s/before/after/g;
$subject, $subject:
$subject =~ s/before/after/g;
$subject, $result:
($result = $subject) =~ s/before/after/g;
Python
:
result = re.sub(before, after, subject)
:
reobj = re.compile(before)
result = reobj.sub(after, subject)
Ruby
result = subject.gsub(/before/, after)
.NET

.NET Regex.
Replace(). Replace() 10 .
.
MatchEvaluator 3.16.
, Replace(), , , -
228
3.
.
null. Replace() ArgumentNullException. Replace() , .
, . . . .
, ArgumentException.

,
, Regex, Replace() . , . .
Replace() Regex
, . ,
. Replace()
,
.
, , .
, . , Replace(subject, replacement, 3) ,
. , . , , . ,
. -1, . -1, Replace() ArgumentOutOfRangeException.
, ,
, .
, , , , . , . -
3.14.
229

. Replace() ArgumentOutOfRangeException.
Match(), Replace() ,
, .
Java

, replaceFirst() replaceAll() . :
. : Pattern.
compile(before).matcher(subjectString).replaceFirst(after) Pattern.
compile(before).matcher(subjectString).replaceAll(after).
, Matcher,
3.3, replaceFirst()
replaceAll() , .
, . PatternSyntaxException
Pattern.compile(), String.replaceFirst() String.replaceAll(), .
ArgumentException replaceFirst() replaceAll(),
.
, , IndexOutOfBoundsException.
JavaScript

, replace() .
, . replace() .
, /g. , 3.4. /g .
PHP

, preg_replace().
230
3.
, , .
, .

.
-1, . 0, . , preg_replace() , .
, .
, .
.
preg_replace() ,
.
,
preg_replace() ,
.
, preg_replace()
, . ,

. , ( ) . preg_replace()
. , , .
, ksort(),
preg_replace().
$replace :
$regex[0] =
$regex[1] =
$regex[2] =
$replace[2]
$replace[1]
/a/;
/b/;
/c/;
= 3;
= 2;
3.14.
231
$replace[0] = 1;
echo preg_replace($regex, $replace, abc);
ksort($replace);
echo preg_replace($regex, $replace, abc);
preg_replace() 321,
, .
ksort() 123, . ksort() , (true false)
preg_replace().
Perl
Perl s///
. s/// ,
$_, $_.
, =~, .
. ,
.
s/// , .
, ,
, .
Perl ,
.
,
/g, 3.4.
Perl .
Python

, sub() re. ,
, . sub() .
re.sub() re.compile() sub() . : .
232
3.
sub() ,
. ,
.
, . , . ,
.
Ruby

, gsub() String. ,
. ,
. , gsub() .
gsub() , . ,
gsub!(). , gsub!() nil.
, ,
.
.
1
3.15.
3.15.

,
. ,
, , 2.9.
, , , .
3.15.
233
C#
:
string resultString = Regex.Replace(subjectString, @(\w+)=(\w+), $2=$1);
Regex:
Regex regexObj = new Regex(@(\w+)=(\w+));
string resultString = regexObj.Replace(subjectString, $2=$1);
VB.NET
:
Dim ResultString = Regex.Replace(SubjectString, (\w+)=(\w+), $2=$1)
Regex:
Dim RegexObj As New Regex((\w+)=(\w+))
Dim ResultString = RegexObj.Replace(SubjectString, $2=$1)
Java
String.replaceAll():
String resultString = subjectString.replaceAll((\\w+)=(\\w+), $2=$1);
Matcher:
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile((\\w+)=(\\w+));
String resultString = regexMatcher.replaceAll($2=$1);
JavaScript
result = subject.replace(/(\w+)=(\w+)/g, $2=$1);
PHP
$result = preg_replace(/(\w+)=(\w+)/, $2=$1, $subject);
Perl
$subject =~ s/(\w+)=(\w+)/$2=$1/g;
234
3.
Python
:
result = re.sub(r(\w+)=(\w+), r\2=\1, subject)
:
reobj = re.compile(r(\w+)=(\w+))
result = reobj.sub(r\2=\1, subject)
Ruby
result = subject.gsub(/(\w+)=(\w+)/, \2=\1)
(\w+)=(\w+)
. , , , , ,
.
,
, , ,
. -.
. 1, 2.21 , .
.NET
.NET Regex.Replace(), ,
.
.NET,
2.21.
Java
Java replaceFirst()
replaceAll(), . Java, .
3.15.
235
JavaScript
JavaScript string.replace(), .

JavaScript, .
PHP
PHP preg_replace(),
. PHP, .
Perl
Perl replace s/regex/replace/ . $&, $1, $2 ,
3.7 3.9. , , .
Perl. ,
.
, , ,
. , , $1 \1. $1 .
Python
Python sub(),
.

Python, .
Ruby
Ruby String.gsub(),
. Ruby, .
Ruby , $1, . Ruby gsub(). -
236
3.
gsub() ,
. $1, , gsub().
, \1 . gsub() . . , ,
. \1 \\1
, \1
0x01.
C#
:
string resultString = Regex.Replace(subjectString,
@(?<left>\w+)=(?<right>\w+), ${right}=${left});
Regex:
Regex regexObj = new Regex(@(?<left>\w+)=(?<right>\w+));
string resultString = regexObj.Replace(subjectString, ${right}=${left});
VB.NET
:
Dim ResultString = Regex.Replace(SubjectString,
(?<left>\w+)=(?<right>\w+), ${right}=${left})
Regex:
Dim RegexObj As New Regex((?<left>\w+)=(?<right>\w+))
Dim ResultString = RegexObj.Replace(SubjectString, ${right}=${left})
3.15.
237
PHP
$result = preg_replace(/(?P<left>\w+)=(?P<right>\w+)/, $2=$1, $subject);
preg PHP PCRE, . preg_match()

preg_match_all() . ,
preg_replace() . , , . .
Perl
$subject =~ s/(?<left>\w+)=(?<right>\w+)/$+{right}=$+{left}/g;
Perl,
5.10. $+
, . , .
Python
:
result = re.sub(r(?P<left>\w+)=(?P<right>\w+), r\g<right>=\g<left>,
subject)
:
reobj = re.compile(r(?P<left>\w+)=(?P<right>\w+))
result = reobj.sub(r\g<right>=\g<left>, subject)
Ruby
result = subject.gsub(/(?<left>\w+)=(?<right>\w+)/, \k<left>=\k<right>)
.
1,
.
2.21, , .
238
3.
3.16. ,

, . , .
, ,
.
C#
:
string resultString = Regex.Replace(subjectString, @\d+,
new MatchEvaluator(ComputeReplacement));
Regex:
string resultString = regexObj.Replace(subjectString,
ComputeReplacement. , :
public String ComputeReplacement(Match matchResult) {
int twiceasmuch = int.Parse(matchResult.Value) * 2;
return twiceasmuch.ToString();
}
VB.NET
:
Dim MyMatchEvaluator As New MatchEvaluator(AddressOf ComputeReplacement)
Dim ResultString = Regex.Replace(SubjectString, \d+, MyMatchEvaluator)
Regex:
Dim MyMatchEvaluator As New MatchEvaluator(AddressOf ComputeReplacement)
Dim ResultString = RegexObj.Replace(SubjectString, MyMatchEvaluator)
3.16. ,
239
ComputeReplacement. , :
Public Function ComputeReplacement(ByVal MatchResult As Match) As String
Dim TwiceAsMuch = Int.Parse(MatchResult.Value) * 2;
Return TwiceAsMuch.ToString();
End Function
Java
StringBuffer resultString = new StringBuffer();
Integer twiceasmuch = Integer.parseInt(regexMatcher.group()) * 2;
regexMatcher.appendReplacement(resultString, twiceasmuch.toString());
}
regexMatcher.appendTail(resultString);
JavaScript
var result = subject.replace(/\d+/g,
function(match) { return match * 2; }
);
PHP
:
$result = preg_replace_callback(/\d+/, compute_replacement, $subject);
function compute_replacement($groups) {
return $groups[0] * 2;
}
:
$result = preg_replace_callback(
/\d+/,
create_function(
$groups,
return $groups[0] * 2;
),
$subject
);
Perl
$subject =~ s/\d+/$& * 2/eg;
240
3.
Python
:
result = re.sub(r\d+, computereplacement, subject)
:
result = reobj.sub(computereplacement, subject)
computereplacement. ,
sub().
def computereplacement(matchobj):
return str(int(matchobj.group()) * 2)
Ruby
result = subject.gsub(/\d+/) {|match|
Integer(match) * 2
}
,
.
- , , .
C#
3.14
Regex.Replace(), .
, . Regex(), Replace() , .
MatchEvaluator. -, , .
new MatchEvaluator().
- MatchEvaluator() .
3.16. ,
241
, , System.Text.RegularExpressions.Match .
Match, - Regex.Match(), .
Replace() MatchEvaluator
, , , .
.
Match. , , matchResult.Value.
, , matchResult.Groups[].
- , matchResult.Value. null ,
( ).
VB.NET
3.14
Regex.Replace(), .
, . Dim ,
Replace() , .
MatchEvaluator. , , .
MatchEvaluator Dim. MatchEvaluator() AddressOf,
-. AddressOf
, .
, MatchEvaluator,
System.Text.
RegularExpressions.Match .
Match, - Regex.
Match(), . ,
ByVal.
242
3.
Replace() MatchEvaluator
, , , .
.
Match. , , MatchResult.Value.
, , MatchResult.Groups[].
- , MatchResult.Value. Nothing , (. . ).
Java
Java . , 3.11. appendReplacement()
Matcher. find() , appendTail(). appendReplacement() appendTail() .
appendReplacement() .
StringBuffer
.
, find(). , $1. ,
IllegalArgumentException.
, IndexOutOfBoundsException. appendReplacement()
find(),
IllegalStateException.
appendReplacement() . -, , ,
. , , . -,
,
.
- , . -
3.16. ,
243
,
appendReplacement() .
, ,
appendReplacement(). -
appendReplacement() ,
,
.
, appendTail().
, , appendReplacement().
JavaScript
JavaScript , .
, , string.replace() , .
, .
, , ,
.
. , , .

.
, ,
JavaScript , , . JavaScript .
PHP
preg_replace_callback() , preg_replace(), 3.14. , , , .

.
preg_replace_callback() , , . , , -
244
3.
create_function().
( -, ).
, preg_replace_callback() , . .
,
. ,
.
Perl
s/// , m//: /e. /e, execute
(),
, ,
Perl, , . $&
. .
Python
sub() Python
. .
, . ,
MatchObject, , search().
( ) . 3.7 3.9.
.
Ruby
gsub() String
: .
.
gsub() . . -
3.17. .
245
,
nil, .
, ,
. , , $~, $&
$1. 3.7, 3.8 3.9.
, \1 . .
.
3.9 3.15.
3.17.

, .
.
, HTML, <b>. <b> <before> <after>. , before <b>first before</b>
before <b>before before</b> : before
<b>first after</b> before <b>after after</b>.
C#
Regex outerRegex = new Regex(<b>.*?</b>, RegexOptions.Singleline);
Regex innerRegex = new Regex(before);
string resultString = outerRegex.Replace(subjectString,
public String ComputeReplacement(Match matchResult) {
//
//
return innerRegex.Replace(matchResult.Value, after);
}
246
3.
VB.NET
Dim
Dim
Dim
Dim
OuterRegex As New Regex(<b>.*?</b>, RegexOptions.Singleline)

InnerRegex As New Regex(before)
MyMatchEvaluator As New MatchEvaluator(AddressOf ComputeReplacement)
ResultString = OuterRegex.Replace(SubjectString, MyMatchEvaluator)
Public Function ComputeReplacement(ByVal MatchResult As Match) As String

Return InnerRegex.Replace(MatchResult.Value, after);
End Function
Java
Pattern outerRegex = Pattern.compile(<b>.*?</b>);
Pattern innerRegex = Pattern.compile(before);
outerMatcher.appendReplacement(resultString,
innerRegex.matcher(outerMatcher.group()).replaceAll(after));
}
outerMatcher.appendTail(resultString);
JavaScript
var result = subject.replace(/<b>.*?<\/b>/g,
function(match) {
return match.replace(/before/g, after);
}
);
PHP
$result = preg_replace_callback(%<b>.*?</b>%,
replace_within_tag, $subject);
function replace_within_tag($groups) {
return preg_replace(/before/, after, $groups[0]);
}
Perl
$subject =~ s%<b>.*?</b>%($match = $&) =~ s/before/after/g; $match;%eg;
Python
innerre = re.compile(before)
def replacewithin(matchobj):
return innerre.sub(after, matchobj.group())
3.18. .
247
result = re.sub(<b>.*?</b>, replacewithin, subject)
Ruby
innerre = /before/
result = subject.gsub(/<b>.*?<\/b>/) {|match|
match.gsub(innerre, after)
}
. <b>.*?</b> <b> . before, after.
3.16 , , .
. ,
<b>, , 3.14. ,
.
.
3.11, 3.13 3.16.
3.18.

, .
, . ,
, .
, HTML, () ( ), HTML.
ASCII, - HTML. , text
248
3.
class=middletext/span text
span
text span class=middletext/span text.
C#
Regex outerRegex = new Regex(<[^<>]*>);
Regex innerRegex = new Regex($[^\]*)$;
//
int lastIndex = 0;
Match outerMatch = outerRegex.Match(subjectString);
while (outerMatch.Success) {
//
//
string textBetween =
subjectString.Substring(lastIndex, outerMatch.Index - lastIndex);
resultString = resultString +
innerRegex.Replace(textBetween, \u201C$1\u201D);
lastIndex = outerMatch.Index + outerMatch.Length;
//
resultString = resultString + outerMatch.Value;
//
outerMatch = outerMatch.NextMatch();
}
//
//
string textAfter = subjectString.Substring(lastIndex,
subjectString.Length - lastIndex);
resultString = resultString + innerRegex.Replace(textAfter,
\u201C$1\u201D);
VB.NET
Dim OuterRegex As New Regex(<[^<>]*>)
Dim InnerRegex As New Regex(([^]*))

Dim LastIndex = 0
Dim OuterMatch = OuterRegex.Match(SubjectString)
While OuterMatch.Success

Dim TextBetween = SubjectString.Substring(LastIndex,
OuterMatch.Index - LastIndex);
ResultString = ResultString + InnerRegex.Replace(TextBetween,
ChrW(&H201C) + $1 + ChrW(&H201D))
3.18. . 249
LastIndex = OuterMatch.Index + OuterMatch.Length

ResultString = ResultString + OuterMatch.Value

OuterMatch = OuterMatch.NextMatch
End While

Dim TextAfter = SubjectString.Substring(LastIndex,
SubjectString.Length - LastIndex);
ResultString = ResultString +
InnerRegex.Replace(TextAfter, ChrW(&H201C) + $1 + ChrW(&H201D))
Java
Pattern outerRegex = Pattern.compile(<[^<>]*>);
Pattern innerRegex = Pattern.compile($[^\]*)$;
int lastIndex = 0;
//
//
String textBetween = subjectString.substring(lastIndex,
outerMatcher.start());
Matcher innerMatcher = innerRegex.matcher(textBetween);
resultString.append(innerMatcher.replaceAll(\u201C$1\u201D));
lastIndex = outerMatcher.end();
// ,
resultString.append(outerMatcher.group());
}
//
//
String textAfter = subjectString.substring(lastIndex);
Matcher innerMatcher = innerRegex.matcher(textAfter);
resultString.append(innerMatcher.replaceAll(\u201C$1\u201D));
JavaScript
var result = ;
var outerRegex = /<[^<>]*>/g;
var innerRegex = /([^]*)/g;
var outerMatch = null;
var lastIndex = 0;
while (outerMatch = outerRegex.exec(subject)) {
if (outerMatch.index == outerRegex.lastIndex) outerRegex.lastIndex++;
//
//
250
3.
var textBetween = subject.substring(lastIndex, outerMatch.index);
result = result + textBetween.replace(innerRegex, \u201C$1\u201D);
lastIndex = outerMatch.index + outerMatch[0].length;
// ,
result = result + outerMatch[0];
}
//
//
var textAfter = subject.substr(lastIndex);
result = result + textAfter.replace(innerRegex, \u201C$1\u201D);
PHP
$result = ;
$lastindex = 0;
while (preg_match(/<[^<>]*>/, $subject, $groups, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE,
$lastindex)) {
$matchstart = $groups[0][1];
$matchlength = strlen($groups[0][0]);
//
//
$textbetween = substr($subject, $lastindex, $matchstart-$lastindex);
$result .= preg_replace(/([^]*)/, $1, $textbetween);
// ,
$result .= $groups[0][0];
//
$lastindex = $matchstart + $matchlength;
if ($matchlength == 0) {
// ,
//
//
$lastindex++;
}
}
//
//
$textafter = substr($subject, $lastindex);
$result .= preg_replace(/([^]*)/, $1, $textafter);
Perl
use encoding utf-8;
$result = ;
while ($subject =~ m/<[^<>]*>/g) {
$match = $&;
$textafter = $;
($textbetween = $`) =~ s/([^]*)/\x{201C}$1\x{201D}/g;
$result .= $textbetween . $match;
3.18. . . 251
}
$textafter =~ s/([^]*)/\x{201C}$1\x{201D}/g;
$result .= $textafter;
Python
innerre = re.compile(([^]*))
result = ;
lastindex = 0;
for outermatch in re.finditer(<[^<>]*>, subject):
#
#
textbetween = subject[lastindex:outermatch.start()]
result += innerre.sub(u\u201C\\1\u201D, textbetween)
lastindex = outermatch.end()
# ,
result += outermatch.group()
#
#
textafter = subject[lastindex:]
result += innerre.sub(u\u201C\\1\u201D, textafter)
Ruby
result = ;
textafter =
subject.scan(/<[^<>]*>/) {|match|
textafter = $
textbetween = $`.gsub(/([^]*)/, \1)
result += textbetween + match
}
result += textafter.gsub(/([^]*)/, \1)
3.13 , , ( )
( ).
.
, ,
, , . ,
, , .
, -
252
3.
. , ^ ,
, , , ^ .
, ,
.
. <[^<>]*> , , . HTML.
, HTML -
, ( ) . 3.11. , , , , , .
, 3.14. , , . . , .
,
,
.
([^]*) ,
, ,
, .
.

, . U+201C U+201D.
. Visual Studio 2008, , .
\u201C \x{201C} ,
3.19.
253
, , . , ,
, . , , ,
. , C# Java \u201C
, VB.NET
. VB.NET
ChrW().
Perl Ruby
Perl Ruby , , .
$` ( ) , , $ ( ) , . , , . $` , .
Python
, . ,
encode(), :
print result.encode(1252)
.
3.11, 3.13 3.16.
3.19.
.
,
.
254
3.
, , HTML,
. Ilike<b>bold</b>and<i>italic
</i>fonts : Ilike, bold, and, italic
fonts.
C#
:
string[] splitArray = Regex.Split(subjectString, <[^<>]*>);
, :
string[] splitArray = null;
try {
splitArray = Regex.Split(subjectString, <[^<>]*>);
// null
//
//
}
Regex:
Regex regexObj = new Regex(<[^<>]*>);
string[] splitArray = regexObj.Split(subjectString);
, Regex :
string[] splitArray = null;
try {
Regex regexObj = new Regex(<[^<>]*>);
try {
splitArray = regexObj.Split(subjectString);
// null
//
}
//
}
3.19.
255
VB.NET
:
Dim SplitArray = Regex.Split(SubjectString, <[^<>]*>)
, :
Dim SplitArray As String()
Try
SplitArray = Regex.Split(SubjectString, <[^<>]*>)
null


End Try
Regex:
Dim RegexObj As New Regex(<[^<>]*>)
Dim SplitArray = RegexObj.Split(SubjectString)
, Regex :
Dim SplitArray As String()
Try
Dim RegexObj As New Regex(<[^<>]*>)
Try
SplitArray = RegexObj.Split(SubjectString)
null

End Try

End Try
Java
, String.Split():
String[] splitArray = subjectString.split(<[^<>]*>);
256
3.
, :
try {
String[] splitArray = subjectString.split(<[^<>]*>);
//
}
Pattern:
Pattern regex = Pattern.compile(<[^<>]*>);
String[] splitArray = regex.split(subjectString);
, Pattern :
String[] splitArray = null;
try {
splitArray = regex.split(subjectString);
//
}
JavaScript
string.split():
result = subject.split(/<[^<>]*>/);
, ,
string.split() .
:
var list = [];
var regex = /<[^<>]*>/g;
var match = null;
var lastIndex = 0;
// , Firefox,
//
//
list.push(subject.substring(lastIndex, match.index));
lastIndex = match.index + match[0].length;
}
//
list.push(subject.substr(lastIndex));
3.19.
257
PHP
$result = preg_split(/<[^<>]*>/, $subject);
Perl
@result = split(m/<[^<>]*>/, $subject);
Python
:
result = re.split(<[^<>]*>, subject))
:
reobj = re.compile(<[^<>]*>)
result = reobj.split(subject)
Ruby
result = subject.split(/<[^<>]*>/)
, 3.10. , .
.
C# VB.NET
, .NET Regex.Split().
, , . null. Split() ArgumentNullException.
Split() .
, . .
. , ArgumentException.
258
3.

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, Regex, Split() . .
Split() Regex
, . ,
. Split()
, .
, , . , regexObj.Split(subject, 3) ,
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, , Split()
,
. regexObj.Split(subject, 1) , . regexObj.
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, , ,
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3.19.
259
ArgumentOutOfRangeException. Match() Split()

, .
,
. ,
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.
,
.
Java
, split() . .
Pattern.compile(regex).split(subjectString).
, Pattern Pattern.compile().
. split() Pattern, .
Matcher. Matcher split().
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, . , Pattern.split(subject, 3) , . split() , , .
. , , split() ,
. Pattern.split(subject, 1) , .
,
. ,
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.
,
.
260
3.
Java . , , Pattern.split()
. , . , ,
. Java
.
JavaScript
JavaScript, split() . , ,
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split(), JavaScript.
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( 2.9).
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3.12.
, , .
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3.8.
3.19.
261
String.prototype.split, , , (Steven Levithan),

: http://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/cross-browser-split.
PHP

preg_split().
, . , $_.
, . , preg_split($regex, $subject, 3) ,
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,
.
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,
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preg_split() . ,
PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY .
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split(). , .
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262
3.
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,
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3.19.
263
, .

. , .
Ruby

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.
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264
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.
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.
, HTML
. , Ilike<b>bold</b>and<i>italic</i>fonts : Ilike, <b>, bold, </b>, and, <i>, italic, </i>
fonts.
C#
:
string[] splitArray = Regex.Split(subjectString, (<[^<>]*>));
Regex:
Regex regexObj = new Regex((<[^<>]*>));
string[] splitArray = regexObj.Split(subjectString);
VB.NET
:
Dim SplitArray = Regex.Split(SubjectString, (<[^<>]*>))
Regex:
Dim RegexObj As New Regex((<[^<>]*>))
Dim SplitArray = RegexObj.Split(SubjectString)
Java
int lastIndex = 0;
3.20. ,
265
resultList.add(subjectString.substring(lastIndex,
regexMatcher.start()));
lastIndex = regexMatcher.end();
}
resultList.add(subjectString.substring(lastIndex));
JavaScript
var list = [];
var regex = /<[^<>]*>/g;
var match = null;
var lastIndex = 0;
// , Firefox,
//
//
list.push(subject.substring(lastIndex, match.index), match[0]);
lastIndex = match.index + match[0].length;
}
//
list.push(subject.substr(lastIndex));
PHP
$result = preg_split(/(<[^<>]*>)/, $subject, -1,
PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);
Perl
@result = split(m/(<[^<>]*>)/, $subject);
Python
:
result = re.split((<[^<>]*>), subject))
:
reobj = re.compile((<[^<>]*>))
result = reobj.split(subject)
Ruby
list = []
lastindex = 0;
subject.scan(/<[^<>]*>/) {|match|
266
3.
list << subject[lastindex..$~.begin(0)-1];
list << $&
lastindex = $~.end(0)
}
list << subject[lastindex..subject.length()]
Regex.Split() .NET , . .NET 1.0

1.1
. .NET 2.0 . ,
. .NET
2.0 , , .
, Split() ,
. regexObj.Split(subject, 4) ,
, , . , , , . ,
: Ilike, <b>, bold, </b>, and, <i> italic</i>fonts.
10 ,
regexObj.Split(subject, 4) .NET 2.0
34 .
.NET . ,
. , RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture
(
).
Java
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3.12, ,
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3.20. ,
267
JavaScript
string.split() JavaScript
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, ,
3.12
,
. ,
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PHP
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|.
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.
,
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: Ilike, <b>, bold, </b>, and, <i> italic</i>fonts.
Perl
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268
3.
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$subject, 4) 34 .
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10 ,
split(regex, subject, 3) 34 .
Python . , .
Ruby
String.split() Ruby .
3.12, ,
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.
2.9.
2.11.
3.21.
269
3.21.
grep
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) . , , .
C#
,
,
:
string[] lines = Regex.Split(subjectString, \r?\n);
:
for (int i = 0; i < lines.Length; i++) {
if (regexObj.IsMatch(lines[i])) {
// lines[i]
} else {
// lines[i]
}
}
VB.NET
,
,
:
Dim Lines = Regex.Split(SubjectString, \r?\n)
:
For i As Integer = 0 To Lines.Length - 1
If RegexObj.IsMatch(Lines(i)) Then
Lines[i]
Else
Lines[i]
End If
Next
270
3.
Java
,
,
:
String[] lines = subjectString.split(\r?\n);
:
Matcher regexMatcher = regex.matcher();
for (int i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
regexMatcher.reset(lines[i]);
// lines[i]
} else {
// lines[i]
}
}
JavaScript
,
,
. 3.19, .
var lines = subject.split(/\r?\n/);
:
var regexp = /regex pattern/;
for (var i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
if (lines[i].match(regexp)) {
// lines[i]
} else {
// lines[i]
}
}
PHP
,
,
:
$lines = preg_split(/\r?\n/, $subject)
:
foreach ($lines as $line) {
if (preg_match(/regex pattern/, $line)) {
3.21.
271
// line
} else {
// line
}
}
Perl
,
,
:
@lines = split(m/\r?\n/, $subject)
:
foreach $line (@lines) {
if ($line =~ m/regex pattern/) {
# $line
} else {
# $line
}
}
Python
,
,
:
lines = re.split(\r?\n, subject);
:
for line in lines[:]:
if reobj.search(line):
# line
else:
# line
Ruby
,
,
:
lines = subject.split(/\r?\n/)
:
re = /regex pattern/
lines.each { |line|
272
3.
if line =~ re
# line
else
# line
}
, ,
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273
3.21.
\r?\n .
,
Windows,
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275
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.
@ :
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:
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:

, , @, , . , , @, , , ,
:
^[A-Z0-9+_.-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+$
:
\A[A-Z0-9+_.-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\Z
:

.
, ,
RFC 2822, . , , ()
276
4.
(|). , ,
, ,
SQL:
^[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^.-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+$
:
\A[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^.-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\Z
:
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, , ,
. ,
:
^[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^-]+(?:\.[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^-]+)*@
[A-Z0-9-]+(?:\.[A-Z0-9-]+)*$
:
\A[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^-]+(?:\.[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^-]+)*@
[A-Z0-9-]+(?:\.[A-Z0-9-]+)*\Z
:

: . , , , secondlevel.com thirdlevel.secondlevel.com. .com . , , . (.com) (.museum):
^[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^-]+(?:\.[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^-]+)*@
(?:[A-Z0-9-]+\.)+[A-Z]{2,6}$
4.1.
277

\A[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^-]+(?:\.[\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^-]+)*@
(?:[A-Z0-9-]+\.)+[A-Z]{2,6}\Z
:

- ,
,
, , . ,
,
, . , , , .
, .
RFC 2822, , asdf@asdf.asdf .
,
, . asdf.
,
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, .
-, somewhere.com , , John Doe Delete , -.
, ,
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278
4.
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2.3, \S \w . \S
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279
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2.3, ,
: [\w!#$%&*+/=?`{|}~^.-] .
, 19 .
+ * , . .
. , [A-Z0-9.-]+ , , / .
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.
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2.12.
(?:group) .
,
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(?: ( .
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2.9.
^ $ , . , .
.
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.
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280
4.
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com . 2.5. ,
^ $ .
Ruby . , ,
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database; -joe@server.com
haha!,
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,
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, , Ruby .
Ruby, \A
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281
4.1.
S+$ :
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, , .
.
^ $ \b . , ^[A-Z0-9+_.-]+@(?:[A-Z09-]+\.)+[A-Z]{2,6}$ \b[A-Z0-9+_.-]+@(?:[A-Z0-9]+\.)+[A-Z]{2,6}\b .

. 275
. 276. .
.
RFC 2822 , , . RFC 2822 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt.
282
4.
4.2.

, , , . : 1234567890, 123-456-7890,
123.456.7890, 123 456 7890, (123) 456 7890 . ,
(123) 456-7890,
.
,
- . ,
.

^$?([0-9]{3})$?[-.]?([0-9]{3})[-.]?([0-9]{4})$
:

($1)$2-$3
: .NET, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP

(\1)\2-\3
: Python, Ruby
C#
Regex regexObj =
new Regex(@^$?([0-9]{3})$?[-. ]?([0-9]{3})[-. ]?([0-9]{4})$);
if (regexObj.IsMatch(subjectString)) {
string formattedPhoneNumber =
regexObj.Replace(subjectString, ($1) $2-$3);
} else {
//
}
283
4.2.
JavaScript
var regexObj = /^$?([0-9]{3})$?[-. ]?([0-9]{3})[-. ]?([0-9]{4})$/;
if (regexObj.test(subjectString)) {
var formattedPhoneNumber =
subjectString.replace(regexObj, ($1) $2-$3);
} else {
//
}

3.5 3.15.
. ,
-
(, ). , ,
:
^
$
#
#
?
#
(
#
[0-9] #
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)
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284
4.
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, . , [.\-] .
, . {3} , ,
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4.2.
285
, , . , , .
, , , ,
NANP (North American Numbering Plan ). NANP , 1. , ,
16 . .

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29,
08 .
, ,
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^$?([2-9][0-8][0-9])$?[-.]?([2-9][0-9]{2})[-.]?([0-9]{4})$
:
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286
4.

:
$?\b([0-9]{3})$?[-.]?([0-9]{3})[-.]?([0-9]{4})\b
:
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:
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(?:...) . ,
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287
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(?:\+?1[-.]?)?. 1
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:
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($1)$2-$3 , , : () 1234567, . , , .
.
4.3 ,
.
(NANP)
, , 16 .
http://www.nanpa.com.
288
4.
4.3.

. , , .

^\+(?:[0-9]?){6,14}[0-9]$
:
JavaScript
function validate (phone) {
var regex = /^\+(?:[0-9] ?){6,14}[0-9]$/;
if (regex.test(phone)) {
//
} else {
//
}
}

3.5.
, , , . , , ITU-T E.123. , (
, )
. ,

(~) -
289
4.3.
, ,
( ,
) . (ITU-T E.164) , 15 . .
, ,
. , \x20 :
^
\+
(?:
[0-9]
\x20
?
)
{6,14}
[0-9]
$
#
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6 14 .
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[0-9] ( 6
14 7 15) ,
.

EPP
^\+[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{4,14}(?:x.+)?$
:
290
4.

, (Extensible Provisioning Protocol, EPP).
(
2004 ) .
, .com, .info, .net, .org .us. ,
EPP , ( ) .
EPP +CCC.NNNNNNNNNNxEEEE, C , 1
3 , N 14 E
. , ,
. x .
.
4.2 .
ITU-T recommendation E.123 (Notation for national and international telephone numbers, e-mail addresses and Web addresses
,
-)
http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-E.123.
ITU-T Recommendation E.164 (The international public
telecommunication numbering plan
) http://www.itu.int/rec/TREC-E.164.
http://
www.itu.int/ITU-T/inr/nnp.
RFC 4933
EPP, .
RFC 4933 http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4933.
4.4.
mm/
dd/yy, mm/dd/yyyy, dd/mm/yy dd/mm/yyyy. -
4.4.
291
, , , ,
31 .
, :
^[0-3]?[0-9]/[0-3]?[0-9]/(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2}$
:
, :
^[0-3][0-9]/[0-3][0-9]/(?:[0-9][0-9])?[0-9][0-9]$
:
m/d/yy mm/dd/yyyy. :
^(1[0-2]|0?[1-9])/(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2}$
:
mm/dd/yyyy, :
^(1[0-2]|0[1-9])/(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0[1-9])/[0-9]{4}$
:
d/m/yy dd/mm/yyyy. :
^(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/(1[0-2]|0?[1-9])/(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2}$
:
dd/mm/yyyy, :
^(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0[1-9])/(1[0-2]|0[1-9])/[0-9]{4}$
:
292
4.

, :
^(?:(1[0-2]|0?[1-9])/(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])|
(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/(1[0-2]|0?[1-9]))/(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2}$
:

, :
^(?:(1[0-2]|0[1-9])/(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0[1-9])|
(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0[1-9])/(1[0-2]|0[1-9]))/[0-9]{4}$
:
:
^(?:
# m/d mm/dd
(1[0-2]|0?[1-9])/(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])
|
# d/m dd/mm
(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/(1[0-2]|0?[1-9])
)
# /yy /yyyy
/(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2}$
:
^(?:
# mm/dd
(1[0-2]|0[1-9])/(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0[1-9])
|
# dd/mm
(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0[1-9])/(1[0-2]|0[1-9])
)
# /yyyy
/[0-9]{4}$
:
, - ,
, .
. -,
293
4.4.
,
. , - 4/1 . - 1, . , , .
, .
, , , :
1 31. . 3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9] , 3, 0 1,
1 2, , 0, 1 9. , [1-9] , .
, , 0 9, ASCII .
6.
. ,
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, , 99/99/9999,
, . , .
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. ( 2.9) , {2} . [0-9]{2}? ,
[0-9]{2} . ,
4 . . .
294
4.
, {2} , .
3 6 1
12, 1 31. ( 2.8), .
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.
,
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12/31 31/12 ,
31/31.
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9912/12/200199. ,
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^ $ \b . :
\b(1[0-2]|0[1-9])/(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0[1-9])/[0-9]{4}\b
:
.
4.5, 4.6 4.7.
4.5.
295
4.5.

mm/dd/yy, mm/
dd/yyyy, dd/mm/yy dd/mm/yyyy. , , 31 .
C#
, :
DateTime foundDate;
Match matchResult = Regex.Match(SubjectString,
^(?<month>[0-3]?[0-9])/(?<day>[0-3]?[0-9])/ +
(?<year>(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2})$);
int year = int.Parse(matchResult.Groups[year].Value);
if (year < 50) year += 2000;
else if (year < 100) year += 1900;
try {
foundDate = new DateTime(year,
int.Parse(matchResult.Groups[month].Value),
int.Parse(matchResult.Groups[day].Value));
} catch {
//
}
}
, :
DateTime foundDate;
Match matchResult = Regex.Match(SubjectString,
^(?<day>[0-3]?[0-9])/(?<month>[0-3]?[0-9])/ +
(?<year>(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2})$);
int year = int.Parse(matchResult.Groups[year].Value);
if (year < 50) year += 2000;
else if (year < 100) year += 1900;
try {
foundDate = new DateTime(year,
int.Parse(matchResult.Groups[month].Value),
int.Parse(matchResult.Groups[day].Value));
} catch {
//
}
296
4.
}
Perl
, :
@daysinmonth = (31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31);
$validdate = 0;
if ($subject =~ m!^([0-3]?[0-9])/([0-3]?[0-9])/((?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2})$!) {
$month = $1;
$day = $2;
$year = $3;
$year += 2000 if $year < 50;
$year += 1900 if $year < 100;
if ($month == 2 && $year % 4 == 0 && ($year % 100 != 0 ||
$year % 400 == 0)) {
$validdate = 1 if $day >= 1 && $day <= 29;
} elsif ($month >= 1 && $month <= 12) {
$validdate = 1 if $day >= 1 && $day <= $daysinmonth[$month-1];
}
}
, :
@daysinmonth = (31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31);
$validdate = 0;
if ($subject =~ m!^([0-3]?[0-9])/([0-3]?[0-9])/((?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2})$!) {
$day = $1;
$month = $2;
$year = $3;
$year += 2000 if $year < 50;
$year += 1900 if $year < 100;
if ($month == 2 && $year % 4 == 0 && ($year % 100 != 0 ||
$year % 400 == 0)) {
$validdate = 1 if $day >= 1 && $day <= 29;
} elsif ($month >= 1 && $month <= 12) {
$validdate = 1 if $day >= 1 && $day <= $daysinmonth[$month-1];
}
}

, :
^(?:
# (29 )
(?<month>0?2)/(?<day>[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])
4.5.
|
# 30
(?<month>0?[469]|11)/(?<day>30|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])
|
# 31
(?<month>0?[13578]|1[02])/(?<day>3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])
)
#
/(?<year>(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2})$
:
: .NET
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|
# 30
(0?[469]|11)/(30|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])
|
# 31
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#
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:
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(0?[13578]|1[02])/(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9]))/((?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2})$
:
, :
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# (29 )
(?<day>[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/(?<month>0?2)
|
# 30
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|
# 31
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)
#
/(?<year>(?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2})$
297
298
4.
:
: .NET
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|
# 30
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|
# 31
(3[01]|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/(0?[13578]|1[02])
)
#
/((?:[0-9]{2})?[0-9]{2})$
:
^(?:([12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/(0?2)|(30|[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/([469]|11)|
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:
, . , , //, ,
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|
# 1 31
(?:
300
4.
# 30
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|
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)
/(?<year>2007)
)
|
# 1 2008 29 2008
(?:
# 1 29
(?<day>[12][0-9]|0?[1-9])/(?<month>0?8)/(?<year>2008)
|
# 1 30
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#
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|
# 30
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|
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)
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301
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303
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time is 16:08:42 sharp. ,
1 ,
. 8 , , \b .
,
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:
.
4.4, 4.5 4.7.
4.7.
ISO 8601
/ ISO 8601, . ,
XML Schema date, time dateTime
ISO 8601.
,
2008-08. :
^([0-9]{4})-(1[0-2]|0[1-9])$
:
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:
304
4.
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:
: PCRE, Python
, 2008-08-30. . YYYYMMDD
YYYYMM-DD, ISO 8601:
^([0-9]{4})-?(1[0-2]|0[1-9])-?(3[0-1]|0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9])$
:
^(?<year>[0-9]{4})-?(?<month>1[0-2]|0[1-9])-?
(?<day>3[0-1]|0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9])$
:
, 2008-08-30. .
YYYY-MMDD YYYYMM-DD. :
^([0-9]{4})(-)?(1[0-2]|0[1-9])(?(2)-)(3[0-1]|0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9])$
:
: .NET, PCRE, Perl, Python
, 2008-08-30. .
YYYY-MMDD YYYYMM-DD. :
^([0-9]{4})(?:(1[0-2]|0[1-9])|-?(1[0-2]|0[1-9])-?)
(3[0-1]|0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9])$
:
, 2008-W35. :
^([0-9]{4})-?W(5[0-3]|[1-4][0-9]|0[1-9])$
:
^(?<year>[0-9]{4})-?W(?<week>5[0-3]|[1-4][0-9]|0[1-9])$
:
4.7. ISO 8601
305
, 2008-W35-6. :
^([0-9]{4})-?W(5[0-3]|[1-4][0-9]|0[1-9])-?([1-7])$
:
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:
, 2008-243. :
^([0-9]{4})-?(36[0-6]|3[0-5][0-9]|[12][0-9]{2}|0[1-9][0-9]|00[1-9])$
:
^(?<year>[0-9]{4})-?
(?<day>36[0-6]|3[0-5][0-9]|[12][0-9]{2}|0[1-9][0-9]|00[1-9])$
:
, 17:21. :
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:
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:
, , 17:21:59. :
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:
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(?<second>[0-5]?[0-9])$
:
, Z, +07 +07:00. :
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306
4.
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(Z|[+-](?:2[0-3]|[01]?[0-9])(?::?(?:[0-5]?[0-9]))?)$
:
^(?<hour>2[0-3]|[01]?[0-9]):?(?<minute>[0-5]?[0-9]):?(?<sec>[0-5]?[0-9])
(?<timezone>Z|[+-](?:2[0-3]|[01]?[0-9])(?::?(?:[0-5]?[0-9]))?)$
:
, 2008-0830 2008-08-30+07:00. . date
XML Schema:
^(-?(?:[1-9][0-9]*)?[0-9]{4})-(1[0-2]|0[1-9])-(3[0-1]|0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9])
(Z|[+-](?:2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):[0-5][0-9])?$
:
^(?<year>-?(?:[1-9][0-9]*)?[0-9]{4})-(?<month>1[0-2]|0[1-9])-
(?<day>3[0-1]|0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9])
(?<timezone>Z|[+-](?:2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):[0-5][0-9])?$
:
, 01:45:36 01:45:36.123+07:00. time XML
Schema:
^(2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):([0-5][0-9]):([0-5][0-9])(\.[0-9]+)?
(Z|[+-](?:2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):[0-5][0-9])?$
:
^(?<hour>2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):(?<minute>[0-5][0-9]):(?<second>[0-5][0-9])
(?<ms>\.[0-9]+)?(?<timezone>Z|[+-](?:2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):[0-5][0-9])?$
:
307
4.7. ISO 8601
, 2008-08-30T01:45:36 2008-08-30T01:45:36.123Z. dateTime

XML Schema:
^(-?(?:[1-9][0-9]*)?[0-9]{4})-(1[0-2]|0[1-9])-(3[0-1]|0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9])
T(2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):([0-5][0-9]):([0-5][0-9])(\.[0-9]+)?
(Z|[+-](?:2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):[0-5][0-9])?$
:
^(?<year>-?(?:[1-9][0-9]*)?[0-9]{4})-(?<month>1[0-2]|0[1-9])-
(?<day>3[0-1]|0[1-9]|[1-2][0-9])T(?<hour>2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):
(?<minute>[0-5][0-9]):(?<second>[0-5][0-9])(?<ms>\.[0-9]+)?
(?<timezone>Z|[+-](?:2[0-3]|[0-1][0-9]):[0-5][0-9])?$
:
ISO 8601 . , ,
,
, ISO 8601, . , XML Schema
. ,
, . , , . , (?:group) . ,
.
, ISO 8601, . , 1733:26 ISO 8601

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308
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4.8. -
309
:
Ruby
if subject =~ /^[A-Z0-9]+$/i
puts -
else
puts -
end

3.4 3.5.
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^
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+
$
# .
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#
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:
310
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:
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ISO-8859-1 Windows-1252
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0x80
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, Windows-1252
.
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4.8. -
311
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:
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^[^\W_]+$
:
: Python
Python UNICODE U . , . \w ,
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Perl
if ($ARGV[0] =~ /^[A-Z]{1,10}$/) {
print \n;
} else {
print \n;
}

3.5.
,
:
^
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# .
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313
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:
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UNICODE U . Java,
315
4.9.
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:
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316
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:
: .NET, Java, Perl
^[^\p{L}\p{N}_]*(?:[\p{L}\p{N}_]+(?:[^\p{L}\p{N}_]+|$)){10,100}$
:
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:
: .NET, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PCRE, Python, Ruby
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318
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:
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:
: Python
^(?:(?:\r\n?|\n)?[^\r\n]*){0,5}$
:
: JavaScript
PHP (PCRE)
if (preg_match('/\A(?>(?>\r\n?|\n)?[^\r\n]*){0,5}\z/', $_POST['subject'])) {
print ;
} else {
print ;
}

3.5.
4.10.
319
, ,
, , MS-DOS/Windows, Mac OS UNIX/
Linux/OS X,
. , , .
JavaScript, . JavaScript , .
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^
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#
#
#
#
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#
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322
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:
: PCRE, Perl
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:
: .NET, Java, Ruby
\A(?:(?:\r\n?|[\n-\f\x85\u2028\u2029])?[^\n-\r\x85\u2028\u2029]*){0,5}\Z
:
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:
: JavaScript
, . 4.1 .
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U+000D U+000A
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U+000B
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Windows MS-DOS

(LF)
UNIX,
Linux OS X
(VT)
()
323
4.11.
U+000C
\f
U+000D
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U+0085
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324
4.
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var yes = /^(?:1|t(?:rue)?|y(?:es)?|ok(?:ay)?)$/i;
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3.4 3.5.
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|
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#
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. .
, ^(?:[1ty]|true|yes|ok(?:ay)?)$
. , ^(?:1|t|true|y|yes|ok|okay)$ , , , , , -
325
4.12.
| ( ? ).
,
,
. .
, . , , , ^true|yes$ ,
, true
yes, . ^(?:true|yes)$

, true yes, .
.
5.2 5.3.
4.12.

, .
,
,
. ,
, , , . .

^(?!000|666)(?:[0-6][0-9]{2}|7(?:[0-6][0-9]|7[0-2]))-
(?!00)[0-9]{2}-(?!0000)[0-9]{4}$
:
326
4.
Python
if re.match(r^(?!000|666)(?:[0-6][0-9]{2}|7(?:[0-6][0-9]|7[0-2]))-
(?!00)[0-9]{2}-(?!0000)[0-9]{4}$, sys.argv[1]):
print
else:
print

3.5.
AAA-GG-SSSS:
. 000 666

, 772.
, 01 99.
,
0001 9999.
,
. , :
^
(?!000|666)
(?:
[0-6]
[0-9]{2}
|
7
(?:
[0-6]
[0-9]
|
7
[0-2]
)
)
(?!00)
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
.
000 666 .
, ...
0 6.
.
...
7.
, ...
0 6.
.
...
7.
0 2.
.
.
-.
00 .
327
4.12.
[0-9]{2}
(?!0000)
[0-9]{4}
$
#
#
#
#
#
.
-.
0000 .
.
.
:
^ $ ,
,
, . . - , , , , .

, . (?!000|666) , 000 666. 772.
,
, . -, ,
, 0 6,
,
000 666. : [0-6][0-9]{2} . , 7, , , , (?:[0-6][0-9]{2}|7) ,
.
, 7, ,
700 772, , ,
7. 0 6, . 7,
, 0 2.
, 7, 7(?:[0-6][0-9]|7[0-2]) , 7,

.
, ,
, (?:[0-6][0-9]{2}|7(?:[0-6][0-9]|7[0-2])) .
, 000 772.
328
4.

, ^ $ . - .
\b(?!000|666)(?:[0-6][0-9]{2}|7(?:[0-6][0-9]|7[0-2]))-
(?!00)[0-9]{2}-(?!0000)[0-9]{4}\b
:
.
http://www.socialsecurity.
gov ,
.
(Social Security
Number Verification Service, SSNVS), : http://www.socialsecurity.
gov/employer/ssnv.htm, , .
,
, , 6.5.
4.13. ISBN
(International Standard Book Number, ISBN), (ISBN-10) (ISBN-13) .
ISBN
. ISBN 9780-596-52068-7, ISBN-13: 978-0-596-52068-7, 978 0 596 52068 7, 9780596520687,
ISBN-10 0-596-52068-9 0-596-52068-9
ISBN.
ISBN
, .
4.13. ISBN
329
, , ISBN, .

ISBN-10:
^(?:ISBN(?:-10)?:?)?(?=[-0-9X]{13}$|[0-9X]{10}$)[0-9]{1,5}[-]?
(?:[0-9]+[-]?){2}[0-9X]$
:
ISBN-13:
^(?:ISBN(?:-13)?:?)?(?=[-0-9]{17}$|[0-9]{13}$)97[89][-]?[0-9]{1,5}
[-]?(?:[0-9]+[-]?){2}[0-9]$
:
ISBN-10 ISBN-13:
^(?:ISBN(?:-1[03])?:?)?(?=[-0-9]{17}$|[-0-9X]{13}$|[0-9X]{10}$)
(?:97[89][-]?)?[0-9]{1,5}[-]?(?:[0-9]+[-]?){2}[0-9X]$
:
JavaScript
// ` ` ISBN-10 ISBN-13
var regex = /^(?:ISBN(?:-1[03])?:? )?(?=[-0-9 ]{17}$|[-0-9X ]{13}$|
[0-9X]{10}$)(?:97[89][- ]?)?[0-9]{1,5}[- ]?(?:[0-9]+[- ]?){2}[0-9X]$/;
if (regex.test(subject)) {
// , ISBN,
//
var chars = subject.replace(/[^0-9X]/g, ).split();
// ISBN `chars`,
// `last`
var last = chars.pop();
var sum = 0;
var digit = 10;
var check;
if (chars.length == 9) {
// ISBN-10
for (var i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
sum += digit * parseInt(chars[i], 10);
330
4.
digit -= 1;
}
check = 11 - (sum % 11);
if (check == 10) {
check = X;
} else if (check == 11) {
check = 0;
}
} else {
// ISBN-13
for (var i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
sum += (i % 2 * 2 + 1) * parseInt(chars[i], 10);
}
check = 10 - (sum % 10);
if (check == 10) {
check = 0;
}
}
if (check == last) {
alert( ISBN);
} else {
alert( ISBN);
}
} else {
alert( ISBN);
}
Python
import re
import sys
# ISBN-10 ISBN-13
regex = re.compile(^(?:ISBN(?:-1[03])?:? )?(?=[-0-9 ]{17}$|
[-0-9X ]{13}$|[0-9X]{10}$)(?:97[89][- ]?)?[0-9]{1,5}[- ]?
(?:[0-9]+[- ]?){2}[0-9X]$)
subject = sys.argv[1]
if regex.search(subject):
# , ISBN, ,
#
chars = re.sub([^0-9X], , subject).split()
# ISBN `chars`
# `last`
last = chars.pop()
4.13. ISBN
331
if len(chars) == 9:
# ISBN-10
val = sum((x + 2) * int(y) for x,y in enumerate(reversed(chars)))
check = 11 - (val % 11)
if check == 10:
check = X
elif check == 11:
check = 0
else:
# ISBN-13
val = sum((x % 2 * 2 + 1) * int(y) for x,y in enumerate(chars))
check = 10 - (val % 10)
if check == 10:
check = 0
if (str(check) == last):
print ISBN
else:
print ISBN
else:
print ISBN

3.5.
ISBN
. 10- ISBN ISO 2108 1970 . ISBN, 1 2007 , 13 .
ISBN-10 ISBN-13
, . ,
. . :
13- ISBN 978 979.
,
.
.
ISBN.
332
4.
.
ISBN-10 0
9 X ( 10 ),
ISBN-13 0 9. ISBN , .
ISBN-10
ISBN-13, . ,
.
Java ,
:
^
(?:
ISBN
(?:-1[03])?
:?
\
)?
(?=
[-0-9\ ]{17}$
|
[-0-9X\ ]{13}$
|
[0-9X]{10}$
)
(?:
97[89]
[-\ ]?
)?
[0-9]{1,5}
[-\ ]?
(?:
[0-9]+
[-\ ]?
){2}
[0-9X]
$
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
.
, ...
ISBN.
-10 -13.
:.
().
.
...
17 , ,
. ...
13 , , X ,
. ...
X, .
.
, ...
978 979.
.
.
.
.
, ...
.
.
.
X.
.
:
333
4.13. ISBN
(?:ISBN(?:-1[03])?:?)? , , ( , , ):
ISBN
ISBN-10
ISBN-13
ISBN:
ISBN-10:
ISBN-13:
( ISBN )
(?=[-0-9]{17}$|[-09X]{13}$|[0-9X]{10}$) , ( | ),
.
( )
$ , , :
[-0-9]{17}$
ISBN-13 ( 17 )
[-0-9X]{13}$
ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ( 13 )
[0-9X]{10}$
ISBN-10 ( 10 )

, ISBN, . (?:97[89][-]?)? 978 979, ISBN-13. , , ISBN-10. [0-9]{1,5}
[-]?
, . (?:[0-9]+[-]?){2} , , . , [0-9X]$
.
, ,
(-
334
4.
X), , ISBN. ,
ISBN , ( , ISBN-10 ISBN-13). JavaScript Python.
, .
ISBN-10
ISBN-10
0 10 ( 10
X). :
1. 9 , 10 2, .
2. 11.
3. ( ) 11.
4. 11, 0, , 10, X.

0-596-52068-?, ISBN-10:
1:
sum = 100 + 95 + 89 + 76 + 65 + 52 + 40 + 36 + 28
=
0 + 45 + 72 + 42 + 30 + 10 + 0 + 18 + 16
= 233
2:
233 11 = 21, 2
3:
11 2 = 9
4:
9 [ ]
9,
: ISBN 0-596-52068-9.
ISBN-13
ISBN-13
0 9 :
1. 12
1 3, .
4.13. ISBN
335
2. 10.
3. ( ) 10.
4. 10, 0.

978-0-596-52068-?, ISBN-13:
1:
sum = 19 + 37 + 18 + 30 + 15 + 39 + 16 + 35 + 12 + 30 + 16 + 38
= 9 + 21 + 8 + 0 + 5 + 27 + 6 + 15 + 2 + 0 + 6 + 24
= 123
2:
123 10 = 12, 3
3:
10 3 = 7
4:
7 [ ]
7,
: ISBN 978-0-596-52068-7.
ISBN
ISBN-10 ISBN-13
,
ISBN . , ISBN
. -,
( 10- 13-
) -, ISBN :
\bISBN(?:-1[03])?:?(?=[-0-9]{17}$|[-0-9X]{13}$|[0-9X]{10}$)
(?:97[89][-]?)?[0-9]{1,5}[-]?(?:[0-9]+[-]?){2}[0-9X]\b
:
ISBN
ISBN-10, ISBN-13, .
( 2.17), ,
ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN .
ISBN-10 ISBN-13,
336
4.
. , ,
, ISBN-10 ISBN-13,
. :
^
(?:ISBN(-1(?:(0)|3))?:?\ )?
(?(1)
(?(2)
(?=[-0-9X ]{13}$|[0-9X]{10}$)
[0-9]{1,5}[- ]?(?:[0-9]+[- ]?){2}[0-9X]$
|
(?=[-0-9 ]{17}$|[0-9]{13}$)
97[89][- ]?[0-9]{1,5}[- ]?(?:[0-9]+[- ]?){2}[0-9]$
)
|
(?=[-0-9 ]{17}$|[-0-9X ]{13}$|[0-9X]{10}$)
(?:97[89][- ]?)?[0-9]{1,5}[- ]?(?:[0-9]+[- ]?){2}[0-9X]$
)
$
:
.
ISBN Users Manual ISBN http://
www.isbn-international.org.

http://www.isbn-international.org/en/identifiers/allidentifiers.html
, 1 5 , ISBN.
4.14.
ZIP- ( ),
:
(ZIP + 4). 12345 12345-6789
1234, 123456, 123456789 1234-56789.
337
4.14.

^[0-9]{5}(?:-[0-9]{4})?$
:
VB.NET
If Regex.IsMatch(subjectString, ^[0-9]{5}(?:-[0-9]{4})?$) Then
Console.WriteLine( ZIP-)
Else
Console.WriteLine( ZIP-)
End If

3.5.
ZIP-, :
^
[0-9]{5}
(?:
[0-9]{4}
)
?
$
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
.
.
, ...
-.
.
.
.
.
:
,
. ZIP-
,
^ $ , \b[0-9]{5}(?:-[0-9]{4})?\b .
.
4.15, 4.16 4.17.
338
4.
4.15. ,

, , .
^(?!.*[DFIOQU])[A-VXY][0-9][A-Z][0-9][A-Z][0-9]$
:
, , D, F, I, O, Q U. [A-VXY] , , W Z . , . , K1A
0B1, , .
.
4.14, 4.16 4.17.
4.16. ,

,
, .
^[A-Z]{1,2}[0-9R][0-9A-Z]?[0-9][ABD-HJLNP-UW-Z]{2}$
:
4.17. ,
339

- , . ,
, , .
.
.
BS7666 http://www.govtalk.gov.uk/gdsc/
html/frames/PostCode.htm, .
4.14, 4.16 4.17.
4.17. ,

, ,
, .

^(?:Post(?:Office)?|P[.]?O\.?)?Box\b
: , ^ $
C#
Regex regexObj = new Regex(
@^(?:Post (?:Office )?|P[. ]?O\.? )?Box\b,
RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Multiline
);
if (regexObj.IsMatch(subjectString) {
Console.WriteLine( , );
} else {
Console.WriteLine( );
}
340
4.

3.5.
, :
^
# .
(?:
# , ...
Post\
# Post .
(?:Office\ )? # Office .
|
# ...
P[.\ ]?
# P , , .
O\.?\
# O, .
)?
# .
Box
# Box.
\b
# .
: , ^ $
, , :
Post Office Box
post box
P.O. box
P O Box
Po. box
PO Box
Box
,
,
, .
, , . ,
, , , .
4.18. , 341
.
4.14, 4.15 4.16.
4.18.
,

, ,
.
, , , .
, . ,
, .

. , ,
.

.

^(.+?)([^\s,]+)(,?(?:[JS]r\.?|III?|IV))?$
:

$2,$1$3

\2,\1\3
: Python, Ruby
342
4.
JavaScript
function formatName (name) {
return name.replace(/^(.+?) ([^\s,]+)(,? (?:[JS]r\.?|III?|IV))?$/i,
$2, $1$3);
}

3.15.
. , ,
, .

, :
^
(
#
#
.+?
#
#
)
#
\
#
(
#
[^\s,]+
#
#
)
#
(
#
,?\
#
(?:
#
[JS]r\.? #
|
#
III?
#
|
#
IV
#
)
#
)?
#
$
#
.
1...
,
.
.
.
2...

.
.
3...
, .
, ...
Jr, Jr., Sr Sr..
...
II III.
...
IV.
.
.
.
:
:
4.18. , 343
, ,
( ).
.
, , : Jr, Jr., Sr, Sr., II, III IV .

, :
, . ,
Sacha Baron Cohen Cohen, Sacha Baron,
Baron Cohen, Sacha.
, (, Charles de Gaulle (
) de Gaulle, Charles 15 Chicago
Manual of Style,
- (Merriam-Websters Biographical Dictionary)).
^ $
, , . , (, ), .
,
, .
.
.+?
, von de. , . ,
, , Mary Lou Norma Jeane, ,
. .
[^\s,]+ . , , ,
Latin.
344
4.
, Jr. III, . , .
. +? ,
+ ?
(
) , ( ) .
, , , , .
, ,
.
. 4.2

.
4.2.
Robert Downey, Jr.
Downey, Robert, Jr.
John F. Kennedy
Kennedy, John F.
Scarlett OHara
OHara, Scarlett
Pep Le Pew
Pew, Pep Le
J.R.R. Tolkien
Tolkien, J.R.R.
Catherine Zeta-Jones
Zeta-Jones, Catherine

,
, -
4.19.
345
. , : De, Du, La, Le, St,

St., Ste, Ste., Van Von.
(, de la):
^(.+?)((?:(?:D[eu]|L[ae]|Ste?\.?|V[ao]n))*[^\s,]+)
(,?(?:[JS]r\.?|III?|IV))?$
:
$2,$1$3

\2,\1\3
: Python, Ruby
4.19.
,
, .
, , , ,
.
, . , -.
10 30 .

, ,
. . :
[-]
:
3.14 , .
346
4.

, ,

, . , , :
^(?:
(?<visa>4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})?) |
(?<mastercard>5[1-5][0-9]{14}) |
(?<discover>6(?:011|5[0-9][0-9])[0-9]{12}) |
(?<amex>3[47][0-9]{13}) |
(?<diners>3(?:0[0-5]|[68][0-9])[0-9]{11}) |
(?<jcb>(?:2131|1800|35\d{3})\d{11})
)$
:
^(?:
(?P<visa>4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})?) |
(?P<mastercard>5[1-5][0-9]{14}) |
(?P<discover>6(?:011|5[0-9][0-9])[0-9]{12}) |
(?P<amex>3[47][0-9]{13}) |
(?P<diners>3(?:0[0-5]|[68][0-9])[0-9]{11}) |
(?P<jcb>(?:2131|1800|35\d{3})\d{11})
)$
:
: PCRE, Python
Java, Perl 5.6, Perl 5.8 Ruby 1.8 . . 1 Visa,
2 MasterCard , 6 JCB:
^(?:
(4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})?) |
(5[1-5][0-9]{14}) |
(6(?:011|5[0-9][0-9])[0-9]{12}) |
(3[47][0-9]{13}) |
(3(?:0[0-5]|[68][0-9])[0-9]{11}) |
((?:2131|1800|35\d{3})\d{11})
)$
#
#
#
#
#
#
Visa
MasterCard
Discover
AMEX
Diners Club
JCB
:
347
4.19.
JavaScript . , :
^(?:(4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})?)|(5[1-5][0-9]{14})|
(6(?:011|5[0-9][0-9])[0-9]{12})|(3[47][0-9]{13})|
(3(?:0[0-5]|[68][0-9])[0-9]{11})|((?:2131|1800|35\d{3})\d{11}))$
:
,
:
^(?:
4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})? |
5[1-5][0-9]{14} |
6(?:011|5[0-9][0-9])[0-9]{12} |
3[47][0-9]{13} |
3(?:0[0-5]|[68][0-9])[0-9]{11} |
(?:2131|1800|35\d{3})\d{11}
)$
#
#
#
#
#
#
Visa
MasterCard
Discover
AMEX
Diners Club
JCB
:
JavaScript:
^(?:4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})?|5[1-5][0-9]{14}|6(?:011|5[0-9][0-9])[0-9]{12}|
3[47][0-9]{13}|3(?:0[0-5]|[68][0-9])[0-9]{11}|(?:2131|1800|35\d{3})\d{11})$
:
3.6 , . , 3.9, , . , .
- JavaScript
<html>
<head>
<title>Credit Card Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> </h1>
348
4.
<form>
<p>, :</p>
<p><input type=text size=20 name=cardnumber
onkeyup=validatecardnumber(this.value)></p>
<p id=notice>( )</p>
</form>
<script>
function validatecardnumber(cardnumber) {
//
cardnumber = cardnumber.replace(/[ -]/g, );
//
//
var match = /^(?:(4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})?)|(5[1-5][0-9]{14})|
(6(?:011|5[0-9][0-9])[0-9]{12})|(3[47][0-9]{13})|(3(?:0[0-5]|[68][0-9])
[0-9]{11})|((?:2131|1800|35\d{3})\d{11}))$/.exec(cardnumber);
if (match) {
// , ,
var types = [Visa, MasterCard, Discover, American Express,
Diners Club, JCB];
//
// ( )
for (var i = 1; i < match.length; i++) {
if (match[i]) {
//
document.getElementById(notice).innerHTML = types[i - 1];
break;
}
}
} else {
document.getElementById(notice).innerHTML = ( );
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

, . .
,
, .
349
4.19.
, , ,
, , ,
. , ,
, , .
[-] .
.
. [-] , , \D ,
, .

, ,
. , .
:
Visa
13 16 , 4.
MasterCard
16 , 51 55.
Discover
16 , 6011, 65.
American Express
15 , 34 37.
Diners Club
14 , 300 305, 36 38.
JCB
15 , 2131 1800, 16 , 35.
,
. JCB | .
|| |) ,
350
4.

.
,
Visa, MasterCard AMEX, :
^(?:
4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})? | # Visa
5[1-5][0-9]{14} |
# MasterCard
3[47][0-9]{13}
# AMEX
)$
:
:
^(?:4[0-9]{12}(?:[0-9]{3})?|5[1-5][0-9]{14}|3[47][0-9]{13})$
Regex options:
, \b .
-
- JavaScript
. 347 , . onkeyup,
validatecardnumber().
,

. .
, regexp.
exec() null (
). , regexp.exec() .
. 1 6 ,
.

, . ,
.
( undefined ,
). , . -
4.19.
351
, .

, . ,
. ,
.
, ,
luhn(cardnumber); else validatecardnumber().
, . .
.
JavaScript ,
:
function luhn(cardnumber) {
// ,
var getdigits = /\d/g;
var digits = [];
while (match = getdigits.exec(cardnumber)) {
digits.push(parseInt(match[0], 10));
}
//
var sum = 0;
var alt = false;
for (var i = digits.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (alt) {
digits[i] *= 2;
if (digits[i] > 9) {
digits[i] -= 9;
}
}
sum += digits[i];
alt = !alt;
}
//
352
4.
if (sum % 10 == 0) {
document.getElementById(notice).innerHTML += ; ;
} else {
document.getElementById(notice).innerHTML +=
; ;
}
}

. .
validatecardnumber()
,
.
\d , , .
/g. match[0] .
( ), parseInt(), , ,
sum , ,
.

. 10
, . .
4.20.

- , .
:
, (
) , - ( ),
,
( ) . , . , . ,
4.20.
353
, , .
, .
,
, . , JavaScript,
, , .
,
.

, , . ,
, :
[-.]
:
3.14 , . , -
, , .
.

27 , , :
^(
(AT)?U[0-9]{8} |
(BE)?0?[0-9]{9} |
(BG)?[0-9]{9,10} |
(CY)?[0-9]{8}L |
(CZ)?[0-9]{8,10} |
(DE)?[0-9]{9} |
(DK)?[0-9]{8} |
(EE)?[0-9]{9} |
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
354
4.
(EL|GR)?[0-9]{9} |
#
(ES)?[0-9A-Z][0-9]{7}[0-9A-Z] |
#
(FI)?[0-9]{8} |
#
(FR)?[0-9A-Z]{2}[0-9]{9} |
#
(GB)?([0-9]{9}([0-9]{3})?|[A-Z]{2}[0-9]{3}) | #
(HU)?[0-9]{8} |
#
(IE)?[0-9]S[0-9]{5}L |
#
(IT)?[0-9]{11} |
#
(LT)?([0-9]{9}|[0-9]{12}) |
#
(LU)?[0-9]{8} |
#
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[a-z0-9-]+(\.[a-z0-9-]+)+
(/[\w-]+)*
/[\w-]+\.(gif|png|jpg)
\Z
#
#
#
#
#
#
: ,

440
7. URL,

^(https?|ftp)://[a-z0-9-]+(\.[a-z0-9-]+)+(/[\w-]+)*/[\w-]+\.(gif|png|jpg)$
:
, URL - URL. ,
URL
.
URL , , .
URL , .
URL, -.
URL :
scheme://user:password@domain.name:80/path/file.ext?param=value&param2
=value2#fragment
. URL
file: . URL http:
.
, URL , -: http, https, ftp file. ^ ( 2.5). ( 2.8) . https? http|https .

, http file, , . .+$ , , , .
( 2.4) , . Ruby . Ruby , \A \Z ( 2.5). ,

, Ruby. -
441
7.1. URL
, URL,
.
( 2.18) . , , ,
. JavaScript
.
URL
FTP , HTTP FTP , .
ASCII.
(IDN) .
, . ( 2.3), .
, . ( , , Perl .)

. .* , . ,
, [/?].* ,
? ( 2.12).
, ,
URL. URL
.
- URL, , , . , www.regexbuddy.com
http://www.regexbuddy.com. URL,
, www. ftp..
(https?|ftp)://|(www|ftp)\. .
, . https? ftp ,
:// . www ftp , . -
442
7. URL,
,
.
URL ,
, ASCII,
GIF, PNG JPEG.
, . , , \w ( 2.3).
? , . .
. , .
404, . , URL.
.
2.3, 2.8, 2.9 2.12.
7.2. URL
URL . URL
, ,
.
URL :
\b(https?|ftp|file)://\S+
:
URL :
\b(https?|ftp|file)://[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|$!:,.;]*
[A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$]
:
URL . , www ftp:
443
7.2. URL
\b((https?|ftp|file)://|(www|ftp)\.)[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|$!:,.;]*
[A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$]
:
:
Visit http://www.somesite.com/page, where you will find more information.
URL?
http://www.somesite.com/page, : URL. , (%20). . - .
, , URL, :
http://www.somesite.com/page, where you will find more information.
, , ,
URL, , URL . \S , , . , , S , \S , \s .
.
2.3.
.
, URL . , URL, , .
\S
.
, .
,
URL. (-
444
7. URL,
2.12), URL . ,
, URL ,
. , .
3.4.

URL, , . , ,
URL.
- URL, , ,
. , www.regexbuddy.com http://www.regexbuddy.com. URL, ,
www. ftp..
(https?|ftp)://|(www|ftp)\.
. , , , . https? ftp , :// . www ftp ,
. ,
, .
.
2.3 2.6.
7.3. URL,

URL . URL
,
, URL. URL ,
,
URL.
445
7.3. URL,
\b(?:(?:https?|ftp|file)://|(www|ftp)\.)[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%?=~_|$!:,.;]*
[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$]
|(?:(?:https?|ftp|file)://|(www|ftp)\.)[^\r\n]+
|(?:(?:https?|ftp|file)://|(www|ftp)\.)[^\r\n]+
: ,
, ,

URL
, URL.

, ,
.
,
, URL . , , URL
. URL , : https?|ftp|file www|ftp .
, , URL.
. , URL URL. URL . URL .

, ,
, , URL.
,
URL HTML XHTML. , -, , URL.
.
2.8 2.9.
446
7. URL,
7.4. URL,

URL . URL , , URL. URL, ,

, URL.
\b(?:(?:https?|ftp|file)://|www\.|ftp\.)
(?:$[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.]*$|[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.])*
(?:$[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.]*$|[A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$])
: ,

\b(?:(?:https?|ftp|file)://|www\.|ftp\.)(?:$[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.]*$
|[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.])*(?:$[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.]*$|
[A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$])
:
URL ,
.
, , .
- :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC_Tools_(Central_Point_Software)
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa752574(VS.85).aspx
, URL . , URL. , , URL, , URL, :

RegexBuddys web site (at http://www.regexbuddy.com) is really cool.
, , , -
447
7.4. URL,
.
,
URL, . URL
Microsoft .
, ,
. , .
, ,
7.2. : , URL, , URL
, URL, (
). 7.2 ,
URL .
. :
[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.]

$[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.]*$|[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.]
:
[A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$]

$[-A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$?!:,.]*$|[A-Z0-9+&@#/%=~_|$]
( 2.8).

,
( 2.9).
$[-A-Z0-9+&@#
/%=~_|$?!:,.]* $ , .
, URL,
.
, URL
, .
, URL, ,
448
7. URL,
URL URL,
, , , .
, URL, .
URL. , . , .
, ,
(ab*c|d)* , a c ,
b d .
(ab*c|d*)* .
,
d , * d . d ,
. (d*)* dddd . , , .
,
2-1-1, 1-2-1 1-1-2.
, 2-2, 1-3 3-1. ,
.
, 2.15.
, , , - ,
URL, -
, .
.
2.8 2.9.
7.5. URL
, URL. , HTML- a , URL. URL ,

, .
449
7.6. URN
URL ,
7.2 7.4. :
<ahref=$&>$&</a>
: .NET, JavaScript, Perl

<ahref=$0>$0</a>
: .NET, Java, PHP

<ahref=\0>\0</a>
: PHP, Ruby
<ahref=\&>\&</a>
: Ruby
<ahref=\g<0>>\g<0></a>
: Python
, 3.15.
. , URL,

ahref=URL URL /a , URL URL. , . ,
, . 2.20.
.
2.21, 3.15, 7.2 7.4.
7.6. URN
, (Uniform Resource Name, URN),

RFC 2141, URN .
450
7. URL,
, :
\Aurn:
#
[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{0,31}:
#
[a-z0-9()+,\-.:=@;$_!*%/?#]+
\Z
: ,

ûrn:[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{0,31}:[a-z0-9()+,\-.:=@;$_!*%/?#]+$
:
URN :
\burn:
#
[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{0,31}:
#
[a-z0-9()+,\-.:=@;$_!*%/?#]+
: ,

\burn:[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{0,31}:[a-z0-9()+,\-.:=@;$_!*%/?#]+
:
URN , ,
URN (), URN:
\burn:
#
[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{0,31}:
#
[a-z0-9()+,\-.:=@;$_!*%/?#]*[a-z0-9+=@$/]
: ,

\burn:[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{0,31}:[a-z0-9()+,\-.:=@;$_!*%/?#]*[a-z0-9+=@$/]
451
7.6. URN
:
URN .
urn:, .
(Namespace
Identifier, NID). 1 32 . . ,
. ( 2.3): , 0 31 , . URN ,
.
URN c
(Namespace Specific String, NSS). .
. , , ( 2.12).
,
URN, ,
. ^ $
, Ruby, \A \Z , JavaScript. 2.5.
, URN . , URL 7.2,

URN. , :
The URN is urn:nid:nss, isnt it?
,
URN. URN, , , , , , , URN. , , RFC
2141. URN , NSS,
,
, URN.
452
7. URL,
, ( ) ( )
, . , , , NSS , , ,
, .
.
2.3 2.12.
7.7. URL
, URL RFC 3986.
\A
(#
[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*:
(#
//
([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?
([a-z0-9\-._~%]+
|\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]
|\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

IP- IPv6
IP-
IPv...
(:[0-9]+)?
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?
|#
(/?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)?
)
|# URL ( )
(#
[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=@]+(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?
|#
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)+/?
)
)
#
(\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
#
(\#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
\Z
453
7.7. URL
: ,

\A
(#
(?<scheme>[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*):
(#
//
(?<user>[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?
(?<host>[a-z0-9\-._~%]+
|
\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]
|
\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

IP- IPv6
IP-

IPv...
(?<port>:[0-9]+)?
(?<path>(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)
|#
(?<path>/?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)?
)
|# URL ( )
(?<path>
#
[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=@]+(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?
|#
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)+/?
)
)
#
(?<query>\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
#
(?<fragment>\#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
\Z
: ,

: .NET
\A
(#
(?<scheme>[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*):
(#
//
(?<user>[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?
(?<host>[a-z0-9\-._~%]+
|
\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]
|
\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
(?<port>:[0-9]+)?
(?<hostpath>(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

IP- IPv6
IP-

IPv...
454
7. URL,
|#
(?<schemepath>/?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)?
)
|# URL ( )
(?<relpath>
#
[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=@]+(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?
|#
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)+/?
)
)
#
(?<query>\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
#
(?<fragment>\#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
\Z
: ,

\A
(#
(?P<scheme>[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*):
(#
//
(?P<user>[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?
(?P<host>[a-z0-9\-._~%]+
|
\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]
|
\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

IP- IPv6
IP-

IPv...
(?P<port>:[0-9]+)?
(?P<hostpath>(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)
|#
(?P<schemepath>/?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)?
)
|# URL ( )
(?P<relpath>
#
[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=@]+(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?
|#
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)+/?
)
)
#
(?P<query>\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
#
(?P<fragment>\#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
\Z
7.7. URL
455
: ,

^([a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*:(\/\/([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?([a-z0-9\-._~%]+|
\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]|\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])(:[0-9]+)?
(\/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*\/?|(\/?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+
(\/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*\/?)?)|([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=@]+
(\/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*\/?|(\/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)
+\/?))
(\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@\/?]*)?(#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@\/?]*)?$
:
,
URL, , ,
URL. ,
, URL , URL.

URL.
URL ,
, , , URL, URL .
URL,
. , , .
RFC 3986 , URL.
URL, URL URL ,
. RFC 3986 , , , .
. URL , . , URL.
RFC 3986 URL, . , - - URL , RFC 3986 , %20.
456
7. URL,
URL ,
http: ftp:. . , .
: [a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]* .
URL , RFC 3986 (authority).

IP- , .
, .
IP- @.
[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@ .
RFC 3986 , . 7.15 , : , , . , RFC 3986

.
UTF-8,
, , , , %FF, FF .
, , . ,
URL. , [a-z0-9\-._~%]+ , IPv4 ( RFC 3986).
IPv4,
IPv6, , IP-, . IPv6
\[[a-f0-9:.]+\] , ,
, \[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\] . IP- , , IPv6.
,
URL. 7.17 , IPv6 .
, , , . :[0-9]+ ,
.
457
7.7. URL
, , . , ,
. , . . .
C (/[a-z0-9\._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/? .
URL , , .
, . , , : /?
[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/? .
URL , , , .
, . URL , .
,
. ,
URL, . [a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=@]+(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/? .
, , . , , , .
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)+/? .
, URL, , , , , .
.
. , . . ,
URL,
\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]* . .
. , .
458
7. URL,
URL ,
.
URL. \#[a-z0-9\._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]* .
URL, . 2.11 ,
, . .NET
,
, .
,
URL , / .
, path, ,
URL / .
, ,
. , , . , ,
. .
.
2.3, 2.8, 2.9 2.12.
7.8. URL
, URL, . , http http://www.regexcookbook.com.
URL
^([a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*):
:
459
7.8. URL
URL
\A
([a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*):
(#
//
([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?
([a-z0-9\-._~%]+
|\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]
|\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

IP- IPv6
IP-
IPv...
(:[0-9]+)?
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?
|#
(/?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)?
)
#
(\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
#
(\#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
\Z
: ,

^([a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*):(//([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?([a-z0-9\-._~%]+|
\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]|\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])(:[0-9]+)?
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?|(/?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?)?)(\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
(#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?$
:
URL , , URL. URL URL. ( 2.5).

, , , , .
[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]* ( 2.3).
URL . ,
, URL . URL . URL, -
460
7. URL,
RFC 3986, URL, , .

, , 7.7. ,
URL, .
( ), . , ( ) . 2.9. 3.9 , ,
, .
,
URL,
7.7. , URL,
. .
URL,
,
, . , ,
URL.
.
2.9, 3.9 7.7.
7.9. URL
, URL.
, jan ftp://jan@www.regexcookbook.com.

URL
^[a-z0-9+\-.]+://([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+)@
:
461
7.9. URL
URL
\A
[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*://
([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+)@
([a-z0-9\-._~%]+
|\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]
|\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
(:[0-9]+)?
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?
(\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
(\#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
\Z
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

IP- IPv6
IP- IPv...
: ,

^[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*://([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+)@([a-z0-9\-._~%]+|
\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]|\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])(:[0-9]+)?
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?(\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
(#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?$
:
URL , ,
URL. , URL,
, URL .
@. @ , , URL,
@ URL.
, .
,
, , URL. [a-z0-9+\-.]+ ://.
, .
@, , . [a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=] , .
462
7. URL,
,
URL .
URL, .
.
, -
URL ( ) . 2.9. 3.9 , , , .
,
URL, 7.7.
, URL, . , , URL, , .
. ,
, 7.8
URL,
,
, . , , URL.
, URL, , , 7.7. 7.7
( ) .
@.
@,
.
.
2.9, 3.9 7.7.
7.10. URL
, URL. , www.regexcookbook.com http://www.regexcookbook.com.
463
7.10. URL

URL
\A
[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*://
([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?
([a-z0-9\-._~%]+
|\[[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
#
#
#
#

IP- IPv4
IP- IPv6+
: ,

^[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*://([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?([a-z0-9\-._~%]+|
\[[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
:
URL
\A
[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*://
([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?
([a-z0-9\-._~%]+
|\[[a-f0-9:.]+\]
|\[v[a-f0-9][a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:]+\])
(:[0-9]+)?
(/[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@]+)*/?
(\?[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
(\#[a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=:@/?]*)?
\Z
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#

IP- IPv6
IP- IPv...
: ,

^[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*://([a-z0-9\-._~%!$&()*+,;=]+@)?([a-z0-9\-._~%]+|
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IgnorePatternWhitespace,
(RegexOptions), 161
IndexOutOfBoundsException, , 229
index,
JavaScript, 191
.NET, 190
INI,
, 588
, 591
, 589
IPv4, , , 476
IPv6, , , 479
IsMatch(), (.NET), 172
ISO 8601, , 303
J
JavaScript, ,
137
,
151
,
145
, 27
,
162, 165
,
24, 137
, 156
java.util.regex, , 136
, 151
Java, , 136
, 151
,
145
, 27
596
,
161, 164
,
23, 136
, 155

MULTILINE,
Java, 161
Regexp, 164
Multiline, (RegexOptions), 161
m//, (Perl), 174, 187
, 199
ksort(), (PHP), 231
.NET, , 136
,
161, 164
, 154
\\n ( )
C#, 144
Java, 145
Python, 143, 148
\\n ( ASCII
newline), 52
NEAR-, 379
new(), (Ruby), 158, 163
Nregex, - , 34
L
lastIndex, , JavaScript (
RegExp), 192, 212, 378
length(), , Ruby ( MatchData),
194
length,
JavaScript, 191
.NET, 190
M
(?m), , 67
MatchData, (Ruby), 187
begin(), , 193
end(), , 193
length(), , 194
offset(), , 194
size(), , 194
Matcher, (Java), 156
end(), , 191, 198
find(), , 173, 186, 191, 205, 212
group(), , 198
reset(), , 156, 186
start(), , 191, 198
Matches(), (.NET), 204
MatchEvaluator, (.NET), 240
MatchObject, (Python)
end(), , 193
start(), , 193
Match, (.NET)
NextMatch(), , 211
Index Length, 190
match(),
Ruby ( Regexp), 193
match(), (JavaScript), 205
Match(), (.NET), 190
Groups, , 197
Value, , 185
, 211
mb_ereg, (PHP), 137
,
146
Microsoft VBScript, , 141
O
offset(), , Ruby ( MatchData),
194
Onigurama, , 138
P
\\P{}, , 76
\\p{}, , 72
PatternSyntaxException, ,
155
Pattern, (Java), 155
compile(), , 145, 155, 161
split(), , 259
, 161, 164
PCRE (Perl-Compatible Regular
Expressions Perl- ), , 22,
137
, 26
Perl, , 138
,
151
,
146
, 26
,
163, 166
597

,
21, 138
, 157
PHP, , 137
, 151
,
146
, 26
,
162, 165
,
137
POSIX- , 425
PowerGREP, , 43
PowerShell, , 140
PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE, ,
192, 199, 206
PREG_PATTERN_ORDER, ,
205
PREG_SET_ORDER, , 205
PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE, , 267
PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY, ,
261, 267
preg, (PHP), 137
preg_match_all(), , 205, 214
preg_match(), , 173, 187, 213
preg_replace_callback(), ,
243
preg_replace(), , 137, 229,
235, 237
preg_split(), 267
preg_split(), , 261
, 151
,
146
,
162
, 156
Python, , 138
, 151
,
148
, 27
,
163, 166
,
24
, 157
,
138
Q
\\Q, , , 50
qr//, (Perl), 157
R
\\r ( ASCII
carriage return), 52
REALbasic, ,
141
RegexOptions, , 161, 164
RegexOptions,
Compiled, , 158
regexpr, , R, 140
RegExp, (JavaScript)
exec(), , 198, 212
index, , 191
lastIndex, , 192, 212, 378
length, , 191
test(), , 173
Regexp, (Ruby)
compile(), , 158
new(), , 158, 163
RegExp(), (JavaScript), 156
RegexRenamer, , 46
Regex, (.NET)
IsMatch(), , 172
Matches(), , 204
Replace(), , 227, 234, 240, 241
Split(), , 257, 266
RegEx, (REALbasic), 141
Regex(), (.NET), 144, 154
RegexOptions, ( ), 158
replaceAll(), , Java ( String),
229
, 234
replaceFirst(), , Java ( String),
229
, 234
replace(), , JavaScript (
String), 229
, 235
Replace(), (.NET), 227, 240, 241
, 234
replace, ( String)
, 400
598
reset(), , Java ( Matcher), 156,

186
re, (Python), 27, 138, 148
compile(), , 157
findall(), , 207
finditer(), , 214
group(), , 199
search(), , 174, 187
split(), , 262, 268
sub(), , 231, 235, 244
, 151
,
163
RFC 3986, , 455
RFC 4180, , 519
Ruby, , 138
,
151
,
149
, 27
,
163, 166
,
24
, 158
,
138
R, , 140
Ruby ( String), 263

, 268
Perl, 261
, 267
start(), ,
Java ( Matcher), 191, 198
Python ( MatchObject), 193
String, (Java)
replaceAll(), , 229, 234
replaceFirst(), , 229, 234
String, (JavaScript)
match(), , 186, 205
replace(), , 229, 235
replace, , String, 400
split(), , 260
String, (Ruby)
gsub(), , 232, 235, 244
scan(), , 214
split(), , 263, 268
strlen(), , 192
sub(), , Python ( re), 27, 231,
244
, 235
sub, , R,
140
System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex,
, 154
s///, (Perl), 231
/e, , 244
, 235
<script>, (HTML), 514

<style>, (HTML), 514
\\S, , 278
\\s, , 315
\\s, , 57
scala.util.matching, , 141
Scala, , 141
scan(), , Ruby ( String), 214
search(), , Python ( re),
174, 187
Singleline, (RegexOptions), 161
size(), , Ruby ( MatchData),
194
split(), ,
JavaScript ( String), 260
Java ( String), 259
.NET, 257
, 266
Python ( re), 262
, 268
<table>, , , 566
\\t ( ASCII
horizontal tab), 52
test(), (JavaScript), 173
TPerlRegEx, , 140
U
\\u,
Java, 145
UNC, , 497, 501, 504
UNICODE_CASE, (Java), 161
UNICODE ( U), , 57, 311
uniq, (UNIX), 389
UNIX_LINES, (Java), 165
URL,
, 460
, 462
, 465
, 467
599

, 471
, 458
, 472
, 442, 444, 446
, 438
, , 452
V
\\v ( ASCII vertical
tab), 52
Value, , .NET ( Match), 185
VB.NET, , 136,
141
, 150
,
145
, 154
Visual Basic 6, ,
141
W
Windows Grep, , 44
X
\\W, , 57, 70
, 315
\\w, , 278
, 315
\\w, , 57, 70
XML 1.0, , 550, 551, 553
XML 1.1, , 550, 551, 555
Z
\\Z, , 63, 64, 66,
280
\\z, , 63, 64
, 351
- , , 308
, 72, 80
, 82
, 108, 110, 318
, 116
( ), 514
, 548
, 560
,
, 548
, 377
, 98
,
, 149
, 72, 77
, 82
,
Windows, 503
, , 418
, , 398
, 429
, 573
, 58
, 101
, , 104
, 109
, , 300
, 133
, 128

,
129
, 364
, 222
, URL,
448
, 68, 302
, 412
, 57
, 73, 81
, 87
, 108, 110,
318
, 131
, 118
, 99
, 111,
313, 362
600
, 119
, 384
, 131
, , 416
, , 436
, 81
,
25
, 22, 138
, 55
, , 425
, , 188
, , 312
, , 473
, , 389

, , 352
(single line), , 61
,
, 398
, 224
, 232

, 133

, 128
, 129

, 238
, 125

, 245
, 247
, CSV, 519
, 104

, 75

,
(Comma-Separated Values, CSV), 519

, 584
, 579

(Namespace Identifier, NID), 451
, 202
, 181
,
194
,
CSV, 579
XML, 518
, 549
,
Windows, 506

Windows, 508
,
511
, , 341
, 96
, 93, 94, 131,
200, 236

(.NET), 299
,
376, 378
, 149
, URL, 460
,
Windows, 504
, URL,
462

, 27
Expresso, 40
grep, 43
myregexp.com, 36
Nregex, 34
reAnimator, 38
RegexBuddy, 28
RegexPal, 31
Rubular, 35
The Regulator, 41
, 47
, 315
601

,
, 142
, 109
, 72, 74
, 284
, 98
, 573
, 98
,
97
, 72, 73
, 77
, 76
, 81
HTML, 515
XML, 569, 570, 574
INI, 520
, 122
(IPv6), 482,
490
, 483, 485, 493, 494
, 377

, 423
, 133
ISBN-10, 334
ISBN-13, 334
, 134
, 142
, , 49
, 51
, 351
, 100
, 100
,
104
,
, 288
, 49
, 55
, 403
,
, 85
, , 85
, 100
, 100,
102
,
104
, 515, 557
,
515, 557
(multiline) , 66

, 317
, 51

, 90
,
113, 371, 374
,
113, 375

Python, 148
, , 52
(?:), 279
, 89
, , , 161
, , 425
, , 345
, , 325
, 418
, 91
, 94, 96
, 384
, 131
, 232
, 387
, 208
, 58
, , 151
(HTML),
516
, 314
602
, 315
, 317
, 85
(Perl), 147

(Perl), 146
, 112, 313
, 113, 371, 374
, 112
, 188
Windows, 500, 501
, 55
, INI, 520
,
, 159
, 222
, ,
391, 393
, 98
, 58

, 100

, 97
, 108
, 232
,
, 402
, , 387
,
112

, 386
, 112
, , 188
, 397
URL , 442, 444, 446
, , 339

XML, 560
, 269
, 364, 367, 371, 373, 375, 379,
387, 361
, 389, 395, 397
XML, 521

, 409, 413, 416
, 25
, 124
, 224
,

, 238
HTML
, 557

, 245

, 247
, 232
, 541
, CSV, 519
, 584
, URL, 465
, , 390, 393
, 269
, , 367
,
, 338
338
, 336
, 134
, 108

, 341

, 123
, 74
, , 402
, 57

,
398

, 353, 355
, 345, 348
, 283
URL, 438
, 274
603

, 168
,
300
, 290
ISO 8601,
303
, 473
, 352
XML, 570
, 288
,
325
, 215
Windows, 495
, 112
, 175
, 111, 313, 362
, 113
, 121
URN, 449
, 282
URL, 452
, , 119
HTML, 537
, 312, 317, 323, 328, 336,
345, 351
ISBN, 328
, 345
,
325

- , 308
ANSI, 310
, 312
,
317
, 336
, 323
, HTML,
557
, 384
(Windows)
, 498
, 503
, 504
, 506
, 508
, 510
, 495
,
511
, URL, 467
, 253
, 264
CSV, ,
579
, INI, 520
, 58
, 321
HTML, 557
(), Windows, 510

(Extensible Provisioning
Protocol, EPP), 290

(Extensible Markup Language, XML),
517
<table>,
566
, 574
, 521, 524
, 549
,
, 545
, 569
(Extensible Hypertext Markup
Language, XHTML), 516
<table>,
566
, 521
,
, 545

, 278
, 58
,
51

, 403
Perl, 21
, 122
Python, 148
, 222
, 112, 313, 363
, 376, 378
604
, 118
, 113, 375
, 112
, 434
, 222
, , 122
, 161
, 72
^ $
, , 159
, ,
71
ANSI, , 310
ISO-8859-1, , 310
Windows-1252, ,
310
, 72
, 57, 70
, 55, 284
, 123
, 82
, 58
, 58
, 58
, 56
,
, 379
XML- , 574
,
, 373
, , 375
, , 371
, 364
, 361
, 387
, 367
, , 397
, , 395
, 68
, 403
(IPv6), 480,
489
, 483, 485, 493, 494

,
219
, 66
, 151
, 56
, 397
, 51, 278
/ , 62
, 245
, 133
,
232
, 208
, 219
, 119
, 222
IPv4, 476
IPv6, 479
, 222
INI,
588
XML, 549
, 49
, 59
, 52
,
85
, 54
- INI,
591
, 97, 100, 108
INI, 589
, 91
, 521
, 68
, 390, 392
, 87
, 194
, 93, 200,
236, 299
, 131
, 118
, 384
, 232
605

, 91
, 387
, 119
, 131
(IPv6), 479
(PHP), 146

C#, 144
Java, 145
Perl, 147
PHP, 146
VB.NET, 145

(Python), 148
URL, 438
, 312
URN, 449
, 253
, 403
,
URL, 471
, 389
, 397
, 395
, 390, 392

, 398
, 389
, 402
, URL, 458
(Python), 148
( ), 514
<table>,
566
, 541
, 521
,
, 545

, 288
, 282
(dot all), , 61
, , 61, 159
, 418

, 511
, 402
URL, ,
452
(Uniform
Resource Name, URN), , 449

, 76
, 381
, 159
, 323
(INI), 520
, 377
, 97
ISO 8601, 303
, 300, 303
, 290, 303
, 282
, 341

, 290
, URL,
472

, ,
419, 427
, 409
, 433
, 418
(), 411
, 75
, 57
IPv4, , , 476
IPv6, , , 479
, 429
, , 416
606
, , 352
ISBN, , 328
, ,
345
, 325
, 434
, 433
, 418
, 409, 419
, 427
, 413
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515
, , 413
, 427
, 49
, 50, 407
, 55
, 403
, 125
, ,
274
, , 514
,
, 71
, , 80
(Hypertext
Markup Language, HTML), 513
<table>,
566
<p>
, 557
<b> <strong>,
541
, 521
, 537
,
, 545
, 63
- - Books.Ru
ISBN 978-5-93286-181-3,
. Books.Ru .
- , . ,
- (piracy@symbol.ru), .

Гойвертс Я., Левитан С. - Регулярные выражения. Сборник рецептов - 2009

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