Analytic Geometry

Distance Formula
At P
1
P
2
P
3,
Pythagorean Theorem is satisfied.
Formula for Pythagorean Theorem:

The hypotenuse of the right triangle is P
1
P
2
; sides are P
1
P
3
and P
2
P
3

Hypotenuse is equal c and the sides are equal to a and b in the

The distance from P
1
P
3
is x
2
-x
1
while P
2
P
3
is y
2
-y
1

Therefore:

Example Problem:
1. Find the distance between point A (3, 6) and B (7, 10).
Given: A (3, 6)
B (7, 10)
Formula:

distance formula
Substitute the given.
Answer:
Midpoint of a Line Segment

Example Problem:
1. Find the other endpoint of a line segment AB if the other
endpoint is A (3, 6) and the midpoint is (5, 8).
Given: A (3, 6), M (5, 8)
Formula:

and

Midpoint Formula
Substitute the given.
Answer: B (7,10)
Slope of a straight Line

Therefore:

Example Problem:
1. Find the slope of the line passing through points A (3, 6) and B (7, 10).
Given: A (3, 6)
B (7, 10)
Formula:

Substitute the given.
Answer: 1
Note:
If m is positive, then the line is slopping upward to the right.
If m is negative, then the line is slopping downward to the right.
If m is equal to 0, then the line is horizontal.
If m is undefined, then the line is vertical.