Verb Past Simple

arise arose
babysit babysat
be was / were
beat beat
become became
bend bent
begin began
bet bet
bind bound
bite bit
bleed bled
blow blew
break broke
breed bred
bring brought
broadcast broadcast
build built
buy bought
catch caught
choose chose
come came
cost cost
cut cut
deal dealt
dig dug
do did
draw drew
drink drank
drive drove
eat ate
fall fell
feed fed
feel felt
fight fought
find found
fly flew
forbid forbade
forget forgot
forgive forgave
freeze froze
get got
give gave
go went
grow grew
hang* hung
have had
hear heard
hide hid
hit hit
hold held
hurt hurt
keep kept
know knew
lay laid
lead led
leave left
lend lent
let let
lie ** lay
light lit
lose lost
make made
mean meant
meet met
pay paid
put put
quit quit
read *** read
ride rode
ring rang
rise rose
run ran
say said
see saw
sell sold
send sent
set set
shake shook
shine shone
shoot shot
show showed
shut shut
sing sang
sink sank
sit sat
sleep slept
slide slid
speak spoke
spend spent
spin spun
spread spread
stand stood
steal stole
stick stuck
sting stung
strike struck
swear swore
sweep swept
swim swam
swing swung
take took
teach taught
tear tore
tell told
think thought
throw threw
understand understood
wake woke
wear wore
win won
withdraw withdrew
write wrote


Verbs and past tense
1) Add -d: baked, cared, eased,
hated, liked, piled, raced, ,
smiled, typed,

2) Change y
to i and
add -ed:
apply / applied;
bury / buried;
cry / cried;
fry / fried;
hurry / hurried;
marry / married;
spy / spied
try / tried

3) Add -ed: other regular verbs:
asked, belonged, clapped,
, filled, guessed,
hopped, looked, ,
needed, pulled, reached,
started, touched, ,
washed,

4) ae.i.o.u
beg / begged; clap / clapped; fan / fanned;
hop / hopped; jog / jogged;
pin / pinned; rip / ripped; slam / slammed;
tan / tanned; whip / whipped; zip / zipped
5) Compare:
hop / hopped hope / hoped;
pin / pinned pine / pined
file / filed fill / filled;
like / liked lick / licked

compl /
compelled;
confr / conferred;
contrl /
controlled;
defr / deferred;
fulfl / fulfilled;
prefr / preferred;
propl / propelled
If a regular verb
has two or more
syllables, if the
verb ends in l or r,
and if the last
syllable is not
stressed,
do not double
the l or r,
before you add -
ed:
cncel / canceled;
hnor / honored;
sffer / suffered;
trvel / traveled
Note that British
spelling does not
use this rule.

4. If a regular verb ends in a consonant and y (or if
the final syllable of a regular verb ends in this way),
change the y to i and then add -ed:
apply / applied; bury / buried; cry / cried;
copy / copied; defy / defied; fry / fried;
falsify / falsified; hurry / hurried; modify / modified;
pity / pitied; qualify / qualified; reply / replied;
spy / spied; supply / supplied; try / tried

5. If a regular verb ends in a vowel and y (or if the
final syllable of a regular verb ends in this way),
do not change the y to i and then add -ed:
annoy / annoyed; dismay / dismayed; enjoy /
enjoyed;
obey / obeyed; play / played; stay / stayed