Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 360

. .

-D V12 + DVD


:
, 2 0 1 0

004.4
32.973.26-018.2
9

19

. .
KOMI1AC-3D V12. - .:
, 2010. - 360 .: .
ISBN 978-5-94074-639-3

- V12, - , -,
.
2004 . ( )
- -.
,
.
-
, , -,
.
D V D -, 30- nA C-3D V 12,
, AC-3D LT V I 1,
- .

004.4
32.973.26-018.2
.

.
, , .
,
.
, .

ISBN 978-5-94074-639-3

. ., 2010
, , , 2010

!.......................................
..............................................................13
1. - V12 ..............15
2.
........ 35
3.
............................... 121
4.
..............239
5. .................... 327
.......................................................358
......................................... 359

!......................................
.................................................................................. 13
1 . KOMI1AC-3D V12

.....................15

1.1.
.................................. 17
1.2.
Windows Vista Windows 7 ............................................. 18
1.3. KOMI1AC-3D V 1 2 .................. 18
1.4. KOMI1AC-3D LTV12............ 20
1.4.1.
1.4.2.
1.4.3.
1.4.4.

........................................ 20
......................................... 22
................................................ 27
..............28

1.5. ............... 29
1.6. ............................................... 30
1 .7. .......................................... 31
1 .8. .............................................. 31

2.
.......................... 35
2.1. ................................................................ 36
2.1.1. ................................37

2.2. ................................................... 42
2.2.1. .................................... 43

2.3. ....................................................................... 49
2.3.1. .................................... 49
2.4. .............................................................53
2.4.1.

54

2.5. ................................... 79
2.5.1.
2.5.2.
2.5.3.
2.5.4.

.......................79
......................... 89
................ 97
............................................100

2.6. ........................................................114

3.
...................................................................................121
3.1. .......................................122
3.1.1.
3.1.2.
3.1.3.
3.1.4.

....................................................122
....................................... 124
....................................................... 124
..................124

3.2. .......... 124

3.2.1. ........................................128
......................................................... 128
............................... 129
3.2.2. ................................................ 131
............................... 131
3.2.3. ...........................................132
3.2.4. ............................................... 133
3.2.5. ...........................................135
3.2.6. ...................................................136
3.2.7. ............................................. 137
3.2.8. ................................................. 139
3.2.9. ............................................................................144
...................................................... 145

3.3.

147

3.3.1. ............................................................. 147


3.3.2. ................................................................ 156
68
........................................................158
12 (6 -
6 - ) 3 ,
40........................................160
10 6
4 5 ........................................................................ 163

164
8
65 27...............................................166

5 2 ..................... 170
...........................................................170

3.4.
.................................................................................. 174
3.4.1. ....................... 174

3.4.2.
................................................................................ 180
3.4.3. ,
...................................................................186
3.4.4.

..................................................................................... 190
......................................................... 190
............................................................... 197
3.4.5.
..................................................... 198
......................................... 198
.............................................. 198
............. 198
..................... 199
.............................................................. 199
................................ 202
.....................202
3.5. ................................ 205
3.5.1. ....................................... 205
.....................205
3.5.2. ........................ 209
.....................209
3.6. ............................213
.....................213
4 ............................................................214
....................... 215
.............................................216
3.7. ................ 219
.......................... 219
3.8. .............230

8
4 .

............................... 239

4.1. ................................................ 241


30-.......................................................... 242
4.2. .............................................................244
......................................................... 245
.......................................................... 246
4 .3. ..............................................................................262
......................................................... 264
......................................... 267
............................268
......................................... 269
....................................269
............................270
.....................................................271
4.4. ........................................................ 273
............................................... 275
.................. 282
..............................282
..............................................283
....................... 284
.......................................................................285
........................................................ 290
4 .5.
- ......................................................................291
.......................................................... 292
4.6.
.....................................................................293

4.6.1. ................................... 295


4.6.2. ......................................295
4.6.3. ..............................................296
4.6.4. ................................... 297
4.6.5. ................................. 302
.............................303
4.7.
.......................................................... 304
4.7.1. ................................... 304
.....................................................................307
................................... 307
........................................ 308
4.7.2. ......................310
4.7.3. .................................... 311
4.7.4. ................................... 313
4.7.5. ................. 316
2
20 700
30................................................................................. 319
700 6 0 ........... 320
30
11 ........................................................ 320
11 ......................... 321

..............................................................................321
5 . .................................. 327
5.1. ..............................328
5.2.
.............................................331
5.3. ................................ 334

10

5.4.
...........................................................................337
5.5.
.................................. 341
5.6. ..................................... 353

.......................................................358
......................................... 359

!
, ,
- KOM IIAC-3DV12,
.
K O M IIA C-3D -
, ,
.
,
.
-
,
.

, . - -
CAD-, 70-80% ,
2- ( -
). .
- ,
100 . , ,

.
- ,
, , ,
.
-
.
,
. ,
, . -
, , -

12

. ,
, , ,
.

.
: , ,
, .

, .

. -

,
.
.
-
, . . ., . . .


( ) 60-
,

.
- , .
,
, - ,
.
:
- , ,
.
.
.

-
,
.
.

- .

,
.
- ( )

14

: ,
,

.
,
W in
dows, .
,
.

, .

.
,
.
,
.
- -,
.
.
.

, .
,
. .

-.

KOMI1AC-3D V12

1.1.


............................................
1.2.
Windows Vista
Windows 7 ....................................
1.3.
KOMI1AC-3D V 1 2 ...........................
1.4.
KOMI1AC-3D LT V 1 2.....................
1.5.
............
1.6. ............
1.7. .......
1.8. ...........

17

18
18
21
29
30
31
31

16

-3 D V12

(www.ascon.ru) 1989 .

.
,
,
(C A D /C A M /P L M -).

, , .
4000 - , ,
, , , ,
, , , , , .

.

.
2000 . 3DLT5.11, 2003 . - LT V6 Plus, 2004 . - LT V7,
2005-2007 . V7plus, V8, V8plus, V9 V9plus.
2008 . 2009 . .
,
- .

, , , .

.

, , , .
(www.edu.ascon.ru),
,
,
.
,
-
.

- :
1) ,
;
2) - ;
3) ;
4) ;
5) CALS- (
);
6) ;

17

7) -
,
;
8)

5.

1.1.

,
- V12:
Pentium 1,2 ;
512 ;
32 ;
17 ;
-ROM ;
500 ;
.
- V12
IBM PC,
() 32- 64-
.
MS Windows SP3 :
Professional.
MS W indows Vista SP2 :
Business;
Business 64;
Ultim ate;
U ltim ate 64.
MS W indows 7 :
Professional;
Professional 64;
Ultim ate;
U ltim ate x64;
Enterprise;
Enterprise x64.
:
- 800 ;
- 600 ;
- 2,8 .

18

-3 D V12


, ,
Windows.

1.2.
Windows Vista
Windows 7
,
,
(UAC).
, ,
, - .
-
W indows Installer.
W indows Installer ( 4.5). W in
dows Installer .
1.
- .
2. \Support -
:
- Windows6.0-KB942288-v2-x86.msu W indows V ista Business
W indows V ista Ultim ate;
- Windows6.0-KB942288-v2-x64.msu W indows V ista Business x64
W indows V ista U ltim ate x64.
-
.

1.3. KOMI1AC-3D V12


,
.
- :
kom pas3SV12.dem - ,
; 30
;
M icrosoft Media Player - W indows Media 7.1;
M icrosoft Power Point Viewer 97 - ;
P p t - , ;
Samples - -;
Viewer_7 -
, dxf dgw;
.

KOMI1AC-3D V12

19

..
KOMPAS-3DLTV12, ,
: h t t p : / / support.ascon.ru / download / freeware_ascon / .
,
: , , ..
KOMPAS-3DV12_Demo 2, 3 (
3.7) 4 , ,
3.7 5
30
. 30
.

3.7 5.
.
1. W indows
Vista.
2. DV D-ROM -. kompas3D _V 12, MCAD Setup.exe.
KOMIIAC-3D V12 (. 1.1).
3. .

(. 1.2),
:
;
;
1^ - V I 2

B eta f x ]


- V12 -
Beta
^
- V12 Beta.
"",

>

. 1.1

-3 D V12

20
'W KCMflAL .ffl 1 i' Hi rid (EiuiUl ! |
;

'. sschc

JI- |i ; r|MHHiijiJ

iiirtv

b a r r ir e m

Q - &

S I.

-*

4 - .

- :

. * *

- ^

>

* jm

d .- f ,*

V 1 2

f lfl

* H .D O K - 0 1 3 D *

nKDCW U .|

- p u q im

j #

>

( '

g r
H b P iW

ic jj

< 4

1-)

H J I I K d l L

^<4

- :*

' U t

U n p U lb

ruiW P

. 1.2

;
;
;
.
Ctrl+N.
(. 1.3) .
- V 12 (. 1.4).

1.4.
KOMI1AC-3D LT V12
1.4.1.


GDI, OpenGL (O pen Graphics Library ), GDI.

KOMI1AC-3D LT V12

21
IX I

__ J

. 1.3

jliuilil4S?) [|hi 11]


P^J_^rp ^+ + L-VJ-l-*:

-^ ^ SLg- -i

2- ^ipWKfi

^ <k La - *
V

>
ii

Vi
L
1
E,

11[fi . p . * i (hM ( ( - V^l *

. 1.4

22

-3 D V12

OpenGL , => ... =>
=> => .
OpenGL ,
.
OpenGL,
OpenGL
( => => =>
=> ).
.
- .
.
-
, .
-
,
.
1,0,
1,0.
=> .
GIF.

7.4.2.
:
- - ,
.
. .
;
- - N U R B S- , ,
.
,
;
- - N U R B S- .

. ;
- -
.
;
- - ,

;

KOMI1AC-3D LT V12
-

23

-
,
. ,
;
- -
.
: ,
.

.
, ,
, .
:
.
.
,
.

, ,
.

().
-
:
- - ,
. : ,
.
, ;
- - ,
,
. :
U V, ;
- - ,
txt, xls ods.
: ,
. .
.

.
:
- -
, ;
- -
, ;

-3 D V12

24
-

-
, ;
- -
,
.
-
, .

.
:
- -
, ;
- , ;
,
. ,
;
- -
,
.
.

.
:
- ,
( , ,
);
-
;
.
, ,
, ,
:
- ;
- ;
- ( );
- , ( );
- ( );
- ;
- ;
- .
, ,
.
- : , , ,
.

KOMI1AC-3D LT V12
-

25

.
-
Ipt. -
, -
.
=> => .

.
- - ,
.
,
=> => / =>
, - ,
=> => => / =>
.
.
- ,
, (
- , - ). ,
, ,
( ,
). , .
- , ,
, , -
. -
Irt.
.
-
.
.
, .
.

-
:
- - ( *.cdw);
- - (
- - ( *.kdw);
- - ( *.tbl);
- ( *.txt);
- O D F ( *.ods);
- M icrosoft Excel ( *.xls).

.

26

-3 D V12

. .

.
.

.
:
- : , (0 < < 1),
;
-
,
.
:
- ,
;
-
;
.

, ,
.

.
:
, .

.

.

, .
, .
, .
, => => =>
=> , ;
,
.

.


.

KOMI1AC-3D LT V12

27

1.4.3.


, .
, .
.
AC-3D 5.11 R03 ,
, ,
- - ,
.
- 5.11 R03
. ,
5.11 R 0 3 , , ,
5 .1 1 R03.

, .
:
- ;
- .
, ,
(
).

.
-
, ,
.

.
- .
- .
...
( )
... .
, ,
, .
- , ,
, .
-
,
.
- ,

-3 D V12

28

.
, .
-
:
. , ,
.
,
() ;
.
,
,
.
(
) ,
, , (
).
.
, 1-1,
.

.
,
.

.
, ,
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- /;
- ;
- ;
- .

7.4.4.

-

.

.

29


, :
- ;
- (, ) .
:
.
:
- -

;
- -
;
- -
, ;
- - ;
- -
.

1.5.

: =>
.
(. 1.5).
,
<Enter>.
.
.
.
.

.
.
, .
, ;
<Enter>.
,
. ,
( ).

( ).

( , ,

KOMI1AC-3D V12

.'J
#

( * *
* - ;-:; r p a t c ?
) p W - M J j f J I [4 (-M H
! +]| LB -9 - _ J 1
i- f im u
* ^ - SO.*. \ h 140 ipfM CI

b ^ j >!

db ~ - [,]! -" . a n a n upti


||*. fit, P U pAC.I.LAfWrU : ', | kfcJH U I U U
J [ LIb J li I
C^CHUHNL4 1 . p f l U H U n CPCIt?UD K U I ^ lA C 'j}D H 1 D || 1 |
M n y t L i .1 - ^.* ^
^^ 4 ru p i 1

1 HWaUHCJ , WTHII ^UbCfVO 4KWUT . LH '4-SI ' *||

Fe-T-UlllFCflDI! IIT .) .
[1^1 m i l p i c W H N - .
* | [ ^ ( .
- i "
.^ * jip n n r it p^i. ^qru . ( . ^ ]
t

O c u u u h j j 31> e n t i ( , ijw f lw i [ ^ ^

. t-

!

a w v tm iid

I. ^[f44IUIIE^V(4tbl4J|>1MI
^ # .9 .

[4

^ '
1[^- ^ n-netti. n p t il fi ;:
y t IIL411II * Hi; 1 :31 ^UJ, L ip II IU1", 1111(1 11 UV , 'J I.'|^1
11JI IrJULIbr

CuU U LLHir L nw SU M RDWDDIIIW 0 H U H I U CnU IUM BILCU CHC1UMU ^ IUn LI IQLpi ,

t P t j i4 i a
t, ^

|4'40 | !> 7 1 1 1 1 / (1 1 . L,rJL'l ILhMS Lt'l'Jp H T f^ p v -F n in ^


!*. w ' - * ^ o-dcip o - ^
1 \ +1 > ^ - iV fiirin itJf: :1)
[1 ^ ^ one IWH

f jh

',

TiinilxHtJe

llP -ttfftH lflfl - - - bMTWti


c n n ^ i ^ i w i H ii'Jf.i'r ii w t c g ^ ^ ^ | ; i w i t ] -

chipui
I ii ^ O r
[ 1* tfm-

. IV c jL fiin iii . j c u i iM iiu M iu ii AJCKOH ii : [ | p f i m r m p i i p a C f r n

4949-)90 {9!*f

t o o k n o w CLC

I ^)^^!
Mtorp0(4^
D4 ^
14' JOIJTC

4 > ~

S i f c - M T tT I K F H K lim K I 1
t f t iiu ti nanm etm h

[kHfH KWWHHIil t JJ[f*I


11%[^^

. 1.5

).
.
, .
, .
,
.
, ,
.
.

.

<>. , < E nter> .

1.6.
.
- .
- , .

31


1:1,
.
1:106 106:1.
.
,
10_5 2,5107.
- .
.
- , .

,
. ( )
.

1.7.
- -
.

-. 3 (. 1.6).

- (. 1.7).
13 8 .

1.8.

,
.
. 1.1 , ,
.
1. 1.

<Enter>
<Esc>
<Delete>
<F1>
<Ctrl>+<F9>
<Ctrl>+<E>

()




( ,
) .

-3 D V12

32

<1

3D


AC- .

& 5&.

- :
, .

-.
.

- -
,

- . -,
.

& &.

30

30

50

50

&

40

. .

30

40

40

40

&

10

30

10

11

. 1.6

. 1.7

1.1. ()

<Alt>+<BackSpace>,
<Ctrl>+<Z>
<Shift>+<Alt>+<BackSpace>,
<Ctrl>+<Y>
<Ctrl>+<S>, <F2>
< C trl>+<0>, <F3>
<Alt>+<F4>
<Ctrl>+<K>






(
)

33

1.1. ()

<Shift>+<+>,
<S hift>+<->

/ ( )
(, ,
).


/









( )

<Ctrl>+<l>
<Ctrl>+<G>
Ctrl>+<A>
<Pagellp>
<PageDn>
<Home>
<End>
<Ctrl >+<Pagellp>
<Ctrl >+<PageDn>
<Ctrl>+<Home>
<Ctrl>+<End>
<Shift>+<Delete>,
<Ctrl>+<X>
<Ctrl >+<lnsert>,
<Ctrl>+<C>
<Shift>+<lnsert>,
<Ctrl>+<V>
<Ctrl>+<0> (
)
<Ctrl >+<.> (
)
<5> (
)
<Ctrl>+<5> (
)
<Shift>+<5> (
)
<Alt>+<5>
<Ctrl>+<2> (
),
<>+< >
<Ctrl>+<3> (
)


(0,0)








( - ,
- )



OY


OY

<Ctrl>+<4> (
),
<(>+< >
<C trl>+<6> (

),

<>+<

-3 D V12

34

1.1. ()

<C trl>+<7> (
)
<C trl>+<8> (
),
<>+< >
<C trl>+<9> (
)
CCtrl >+<Esc>
<Alt>+<Tab>
<Shift>+<F10>
CCtrl >+<Enter>
<Ctrl>+<Shift>+<U>
<Ctrl>+<Shift>+<D>
<Ctrl>+<Shift>+<L>
<Ctrl>+<Shift>+<R>
<Shift>+<Enter>



OY
OY



OY
Windows
Windows







2.1. .................................36
2.2. .................. 42
2.3. ........................................49
2.4. ......................53
2.5.
..............................................79
2.6. ..................... 114

36

,
.
,
, .
,
.

.
,
,
, .
:
1) .

,

, ,
;
2) - , -
.

, -
,

;
3) (
).
:
1) , ;
2) ;
3) ;
4) ;
5) .

, .
(
),
.

2.1.

120x80 , 60 ,
3,5 . . 2.1.

37

120

1 ' fiemf) no
- H11

jfag aaw

.';.7:

M-

Mf


''i.1!
Pbcaj /


3,5 X 30 Cm3

__________

& Ai

. 2.1

2 .1.1 .
, ,
, .
4 .
. . 2.104-68.
.

38

1. .
Q
(. 2.2).
( ), ,
, -
( ).
=(7 t**1

j L_^_ -.

|^

! |;

^^1^4 t* '

H Jh ||^ <\Sl

< ^

- -l "|
1
_________________________________

:
.

EU

"

03
'4

:?

iih k i/p ih h j * . ^*1 - ^^ ^

. 2.2

2.
.
,
, ,
.


.
( )
, 0,0 .
,

39

X .
. (0.0, 0.0),
X, - .
. ,
0,0. ,
.

, . =>

.

,
, .
^ 0
. : => => =>
. 60
0 R

( )
- .
, R,
. ( ,
.
, ,
.)
CD .
: => => => .
[ ] 1

600

4 0 .0

[ ]

0 .0

, 2

60, 40
X, 0. $
.
.
. , . 2.3.
3. .
^

. :
=> => . ,
, .
,
.
;

40

'

Qbprrsm
. 2.3

. : => => =>


. ^
. 1 .
,
. 80
. -

41

.
,
. 120
(. . 2.1) .
4.
.
=> => .

, 2,5
(. 2.4).

*1

&

'

[ ?

1 2.5

. 2.4

/25 (') .

5.
: => => . ,
, :
: - h i , - .
=> =>
,

.
, .
,
.
6. .
,
.
.
.
, , ,

42

. -
,

1 ,
(. . 2.1).

2.2.
, ,
.
.
1/6 , . 2.5.


( )
.

43

2.2.1 .
: => => => .
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) 6 .
1.
.
: => => =>
.
.
54 (6 9 = 54), 270.
Enter .
54 . , .
. 65:
=> => => .
65 => Enter.
, 65, ,
.
6 : => => => .
6
,
.
- . 6
. 6 ,

. ,
, ;

,
: , .
, , ,
.
=> => => .
,
, ,
.
180+ ,
.
(. 2.6).
,
: => => .
. 6

44

: => .
6
( ) , ,
,
. ,
: =>
. :
- , -
.
6
.

,
.
- . 2.7.
25,1605
180.0

_____

/ ISO0--

. 2.6

. 2.7

2.
.
30 (0, -1 0 0 ):
=> => .
6.

. (0, - 0 0 ). 0
30, 90
. Enter F9 ( ) - . 2.8.

45

: => => =>


. , ,
: => .

, , .
, 2
25, 3 0, Enter - . 2.9.

: => =>
. ,
, , , .
8
: => => =>
.

46

.
8
180, - . 2.10.

. 2.10

.
6 . ,
, : =>
. .
, :
=> => .
6, ; .
, , ,
, ,
1

(. 2.11).
,
4 : => => => . 4
.
, -
1 .
(. 2.12).
6 : => =>
. ,
, .
( => =>
=> )
(. 2.13).
3.
6 : => =>
=> => .

47

6 , ,

1 .
F9 -
(. 2.14).

48

4x4

, 60. =>
=> 2 .
, ,
,
, 265,185843.
.
: => => => =>
. , 1
2 265,185843. N1 N2 4,
90 60 Enter.

(
, -
).
, F9 .
16 (. 2.15).

. 2.15

49

2.3.

: , .

,
.
. 2.16 .

. 2.16

2.3.1 .

. ,

, - .
,

50

.

.
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) ( );
4) ( ).
,
,
. 5 : 60 (R60); 30 30
(0 6 0 ); 110 ( 1 3 0 - 2 0 ) 130.
1. => => => => =>
=> . :


, .
,
(0, 0). : (0, 60); (0, 30);
(0, -3 0 ); (0, -1 1 0 ); (0, -1 3 0 ),

. ,
. ,
.
4 ,
: 30; 50 (70 - 20) 70. ,
, 50 : (0, -180); (0, -210); (0, -230); (0, -250).
, : =>
=> .
2. : =>
=> => .
(0, 0); (30, 0);
(40,0); (60,0) ( , )
(110,0); (140,0); ( 160,0); (180,0) .
8 (. 2.17).
3. () .
, ,
:

, .
30 : => =>
=> . 60 => Enter
.
60: => => => .
60 ,

51

( ), 0,0 (
) ,
2 90,0 (. 2.18).

. 2.17

. 2.18

: =>
=> => . ,
.

.
(. 2.19).
4.
( ).
.
(. 2.20).
.
.
. ,
: => => (. 2.21).
.
, : => .
: => .
,
, ,
. ^
(. 2.22).
.

52

. 2.21

. 2.22

53

2.4.

.
, .
, ,
, .

, .

.

- .
,
.
.
.
.
. 2.23 .

. 2.23

54

2.4.1 .

,
. - . .
. 2.104-68. => => .
1.
: => .
,
, .
. :
, - , - , - .
.
, .
2. .
,
, .
". .

, X (130 - 140)
(70 - 80) X 0 .
, .
, . ,
,
.
3. .
.
, ,
. ,

. ,
,
,
.
.
,
, , .
4. 1

jj

1.0

. -

55

_ .
,

, .
.
1 ,
, 1 . =>
=> => . X
1 .
5.

. ^

.
. ,
( )
. ,
2
,
. X
0. ,
, 1 .
, ,
(. . 2.23).
, - . ,
X, - .

(33, 0). X 2 33,
i/ 2 .

33 , .
, ,
: (33,9), (7 ,9), (7,150), (5,150).
(5,150) -
, .


,
. ,
, .
, (5,150)
. :
(5, 157), (7, 157), (7, 165), (0, 165). Esc,


,
, ,
. ,
(. 2.24).

56

-"

..

. 2.24

6. .

3 1 3.0
. ,
45 ,

, Enter.
,
,
, .
. 3x45 .
1 45,
- .
1 .
,
CEjy (^ .
7.
.
23,
,
,
, . -

57

,
, .
23 (. 2.25).
8. .
, .
=> ,
Ctrl+A. => . ,
45| .
.

.
.
,
, , ,
.
. Stop
Esc . ( )
(. 2.26).
9. 6 . ^
^

. , -

. 2.25

. 2.26

58

( /,
.
1x45 , , ,
,
, . .
5 .
10. . ^

^ ' , ,
t .
,

, ,

Esc

------------------
------------------
2
------ ,
------------------ .

------------------

Stop.

,
, ,
.



.

. 2.27
(. 2.27).

3 -6
, ,
,
( ).
,
3 - 6 , .
.

: => =>
=> .
(. 2.28).
. .
,
.
(; ,

(. 2.29).

59

----------- -
. , ,

- . ,
1 .
. 2.30, -

. 2.30

. : =>
=> - ,
. .
, .
, , .
,
Es (. 2.31).
40 :
=> => => .

60

. 2.31

, - .
(0, -3 7 ).

: ,
X, D el => 0 => Tab => D el => -3 7 => Enter.
40 Enter. ,
1
,
(. 2.32).

. 2.32

12. . % |
.

2 2.0

45 45.0
^ () / / /

-* -1 (. 2.33).
13.
.
*. . : =>
=> .

61

1 2 -3
( ) .
2 ,
.
,
.
, (290, 230), E n ter
(. 2.34).

. 2.34

62


. (,
, .
14. .
64 66 30x2 .
, ,
0 .
64
.
| , 66

, .

: => => =>
. ,
. 2,
30 Enter. .

.
^ Stop.
1 .
, ,
, ,
,
. .

,
(. 2.35).
15. .
1| . : => .
(-1 2 , 43)
Enter. 7.0

7,

( ) .
+-11 Esc.
,
(. 2.36).
,
,
.
. ,


J
] -g
, ^ ^
ltr|i.o 1- 1
M l^ L 0

63

J fljj

*?, q q q
0.6645 1r j ^
T 4..&\m~\u \ J\H\ v| -196.33 1-62,

:\Documents and bettings'll


(1:1)
() 1 ( 1:1)

It&rmmf

11

PajpaJ.
"luit
arm

I ,T.T
I

. 2.35

BuaA

&

i'j

64

, , ,
, .
16.
: => =>
=> ,
- ^
. (^
.
, .
,
.
.
,
,
(. 2.37).

6 6

.
(. 2.38) ,
( ) .

(-0,19),
, (. 2.39).
14
, ,
.
. (-0 ,0 4 -0,052),

. 2.38

65

f* 0 R ..
,

[
"
(. 2.40).
,
..
~
15-20
I-Q.Q4
"
.

1
-0
.0
5
2
10

-0,036.

30 .

45*


,
I?


F


-0
. ,
052
,
~
(. 2.41).

17.

.
.
. 2.40

66

J .
1x45 .
,
. ,
1 - .
, , .
45 |, , 1x45.
70 ,
.
X 70.3332 0.0
.
1x45,
(. . 2.5). ,


,
,
.
60 ,
. 2.42.

67

. 2.42

:
30,03, 90,045, 7,
8, 1650,125 - 2 ,
. 3.43. , 30,03,
, ,
, 0,03.
- .
3+0,03.
45 , .
10 (. 2.43).
18.
.

. : => => => .



, .
, R 23 .
, . 3.26. ,
,
. R 40,
.
, , , .

.
, .

(. 2.44).
19.
. /%
. : => => => .

68

. 2.43

,

.
. ,



15.

(. 2.45).


.
20.

-0,19

. 2.44

EiL


. :
=> =>

. \ /
.
.
. (. 2.46).

69

^^ w^i
Teft

W
*

15
15

11 I

It

0 ,2 5 /R a 0,1 6

^*

. 2.46

"

90:t S
& rw

. 2.45

,
- 0,25, -
0,16. - . -
.
, ,
.
,
,

, . 2.29.
/ .
0,25/R a 0,04
(0 ,8 /R a 1,25)
, ,
.
=>
=> .
,
2,5 .
(. . 2.47).
21. .

. : => => .
,
, . -

70

__________ 41

. 2.47

, (
, )
40 ,
. (

).

45 ,
X 2,
(. 2.48).


. :
=> => .
,

X = -(1 3 5 ), = -(1 1 0 ),

,
(. 2.49).

71


, (. 2.50).

. 2.50

Ctrl+Enter



^.
,..
.,.

. 2.49


,

.


,

,
.
.

[]

[-

"

I [

. 2.51

.
3
, (. 2.51).

0

- - :

, 0,03, -

. . ,
. + .

72

. ,
.
,
, .
, (;
, .
-1

Stop (. 2.52).


. :
=> => .
X = -(2 1 0 ), Y = -(1 0 0 ),
, .

. ,
.

,
(. 2.53).

2 3,
.
0,007, 0,01.
-

73


- ,

1-
| -
;

!
!
- - ^

..

. 2.53

,

(. 2.54).

+ .

.
,
,
.
. 2.54
,
,

. :

+

(. 2.55).





Ctrl+Enter
:
9
=> .





^/.

,
..,
(

,..




X
),
.
. 2.55

74

*1

Stop (. 2.56).

22.

/ \ -. :
=> => -.


.

: h i . ..2,5 HRC > 50.


(. 2.57).


I
I
X = -(1 7 4 ), Y = (31),

. 2.57
.
-1 Esc.
- ,
, (. 2.58).
,
- ,
.
, ,
, ,
.
(. 2.59).

75
-0.00

74-0.052

.125 HR'CiS'
-
ca <
+
^ +

0.25/Ra

. 2.58

% -0.052

hi 2.5 HRCi50
'o

'0.25/Ra 0.0^

C=> ^
C \+

. 2.59

-
, .
8 , ,

, (. 2.60).
, ,

76

. 2.60

, .
,
.
.

.
,
, ,
.
.
,
.
-
0,2-0,35 (. 2.61).
23.
.
: =>
=> . , ,
(. 2.62).

=> =>
.
.
,
(. 2.63).

77
-0010
M-e.au
.2,5 HRteSG

S-

\ / Q25/Ra_

t l

cv-

C=i

OQ'
-em

Lf-l
Sa
-

h 0,2...0,3:

0.007

. 2.61

24.
. .

, .
.
.

.
,
(. 2.64).

78

) ' \

l !
if j 1
..... --

1.0

1 ft*)
9

-JT

21
,

2.
1 6 / .

L [ .
5.
%

1 / V i-i,' r d f

>Li.

6. / \

H it / -

1 .
. 2.62

1. 255.302.
2.
3. ,
.
5.
.
6. h11,
IT12

11,

7. *

! .

Tjamg

.
_

. 2.63

3_

79


,,
-,

. ..
UnUn
nut !U
ft
J.U/
.
.

..
.
.

/7r-.r-r-.r-,

0 8

11

-7 1

I /luem

. 2.64

.
=> ,
.

2.5.
,
. ,
, ,
. .

. ,

.
: =>
=> => .
,
. ,
- .
, ,
, ,

(. 2.65).

2 .5.7 .
. 2.66 ,
. ,
,
.
.

80

1.
,
, frw,
cdw, .
Q
=> .
. =>
.
=>
.

,

, ,
, .

81
0

.
4 .
10 ,
. .
.
. ,
1
.

1.000

- , ,

- _
. ,

, .
1 . => => => .
X - 1 .
2. .
...

.
, (
). ,

. X

0. ,

82

, 1 .
, ,
(. . 2.66).
, - . ,
X, - .
2 , ,
2
: (80, 0); (80, -2 0 ); (75, -2 0 ); (75, -2 4 ); (80, -2 4 );
(80, -2 7 ); (75, -2 7 ); (75, -3 1 ); (80, -3 1 ); (80, -3 4 ); (75, -3 4 ); (75, -3 8 ); (80, -3 8 );
(80, -4 2 ); (70, -4 2 ); (70, -1 8 ); (75, -1 8 ); (75, -8 ); (60, -8 ); (60, -3 4 ); (0, -3 4 ).
(.
. 2.66).
Esc. ,
, , ,
.

_ .


,
, , .
,
(. 2.67).
3.
.

.
-1 5 Enter.

. 2.67

83

(60, 0),
50 Enter (. 2.68).

. 2.68

,
, , .
, - ,
- 50
Esc . =>
=> .
, (.
2.4.1, 10).
4.
. CD . ,
, - .
, (0, -3 4 ), .
34, 2 -
24, - 0 Enter.
.
: ,
.
(. 2.69).

84

5. .
. 25
.
, , ,
.
10 4
(. . 2.66).
6. . => =>
(. 2.70).

. 2.70

85

7.
.
Ctrl+A, =>
, ,
- .
.
,
60 .
(, (. 2.71).

. 2.71

8.
10 . ^

. 10 Enter. ^
, ,
(. 2.72).
1 \ / /

96

--V
/"
1D 1

. 2.72

2,
, ,
. -1 .
10
. 4 (. 2.4.1,
10) ,
: .
4 ( ), ,

86

.
=> => (. 2.73).

9.
. {
X
(-5 2 ). Enter ^ .
52 .
.
=> => .
(. 2.74)
: => =>
=> => .

^ 2.Z . \


1
+
(
+
Hwl ';:
*2 *! \ /
+ f

/
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

k
k

^ 9650-80

k
k
k QCT92

. 2.74

87

:
- 14 ;
- 17 ;
- 1.0 ;
- 10 ;
- ;
- .
. 2.75.

1
14

(1.,.

j^JI
17

,.,

10

120

I
1

. 2.75

, ;
,
,
.
, . 2.76.
10.
.

. ,
. -

. 2.76

88

, ,
, . 2.66. , -1
, .
11. . (^
, -
.
2, 45. ,
.
,
. .
, , ,
, .
3.
- -1 .
(. 2.77).

12.
.
10x10.
wI ,

=>
. => => => .
X Y - 10 .
10 , ,
.
2.4.1
( 16-19). (. . 2.66)
, 2.
: - , - .
.

89

2.5.2.

. 2.78.
160

,
,
.
1.
=> .
. =>
,
.

90

2. - _
.
,
. .
1 . => =>
=> . X 1
.
3. .
, .
f\J
, .
2 :
(25,0); (25, -7 ); (60, -7 ); (60, -1 5 ); (80, -1 5 ); (80, -2 3 ); (75, -2 3 ); (75, -2 9 ); (80, -2 9 );
(80, -1 4 0 ); (70, -1 4 0 ); (70, -1 2 2 ); (60, -122); (60, -2 7 ); (17, -2 7 ); (17, -5 ); (0, -5 ).
Esc, - 1
_ . (5^ .
,
(. 2.79).

----------

. 2.79


4.

91

^

X 70. Tab, Y, (-1 2 2 ) 01 70
-122
Enter. (45) Enter.
(60, -7 5 ),
105 (75, -2 9 ) 40 (. 2.80).

. 2.80

5. ^

, ,

/X .
40 , ,
1,5
Enter, -1 .
.
, 3 . -

92

,
3 (. 2.81).
.
.
105 ,
, 3 6 .
.
3 6 (. 2.4.1, 10),
- .
=> =>
(. 2.82).
6. . 4 20,
Enter
.
5 4 .
7. .
3.
.
, -

. 2.82

93

. .
.
. => =>
(. 2.83).

8. . Ctrl+A
=> .
=> , .
( 5 ),

(. 2.84).

9. . 0 .
(0, -7 5 )
Enter. , .
68 Enter,
94,
.
(. 2.85).
10. . f . b

94

. 2.85

95

.
[1 0 0
-75.0
( 0, -7 5 ). 53.
Enter. ,
( ).

,
53
( 27 ). (
)
. ,
(. 2.86).

11. . => =>


, , .
12. . ^
.
13. .


=> .

(6, 0).
Enter, .

5, 270 ,
.

( -6 , 0) .

96

.
,

5 -7 .
,
.
, .
.
. 2.87.

. 2.87

14.
.
.
3, (-2 0 ).
^ . ,
. ,
, .
. , ,
( ). -
, .
, . 2.88.

97

15.
.
5x5 10x10.
10 ,
.
2.4.1
( 16-19). . 2.78.
,
2. : - , - ,
.

2.5.3.


. ,
. . 2.89. ,
,
, 53 34
.
, -

98

. 2.89

. , ,
.
1. Ctrl+N.
=> . . =>
,
,
.
2. } ,
.
X: (3), (6), (12), (17).
X Enter. ( )
. ,

Y: (0), (-1 5 ), (-2 3 ). ^
. .
Ctrl++.
+, (. 2.90).
3.

(0, -8 0 ). 53. Enter. ,
.
.

99

( )

. , (. 2.91).

Y
>

. 2.90

. 2.91

4.
,
.
(. 2.92).
. .
5. , ,
,
(. 2.93).
6. ,
1,6 .

1,6 .

. 2,

100
'
1
<

3
5

8_
1
. 2.92

- 45.
, ,
-1
(. 2.94).
7. .
Ctrl+A, =>
:
.


( - 3 , 0) (3, 0).
,
: =>
(. 2.95).
8.
, 2.

2.5.4 .

,
.
1. , .

101

2. (
).
3. frw.
4. (, ,
. .).
5. .
6. .
7. ,
, .
.
1.
, .
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- .

102

2.
.
, .

(. 2.96):
- , (60, -7 );
- , .
;
- , ,
(4 0 ,-1 2 2 ).

. 2.96

3.
frw.
. ,
, (. 2.97).

103

: | " ^

& }

-
3
0 0 5 2


3
5 )
3 2

>

, frw

3*


I - par (*lrw)

"

-4
. 2.97

( ,
)
Ctrl+A.

Ctrl+Insert.
(60, -3 4 ) .
. . 2.98
.
,
.

(60, -7 ). (
), , ^

.
=>
. .
, ,
=> => , : =>
(. 2.99).
. ,
=>

.
. .

104

. 2.98

,
.
53 .
( ),
. :
=> (. 2.100).
4.
.
:
=> .
constr => (. 2.101).
.
: => =>
.
.
:
=> => => (. 2.102).

105

106

FiTW I ActiveX I

: | Q

El

Libs

(
~

T : |- (.rtwj

J
. 2.101

,
- 10 .

.


(40, - 1 2 2 )

I
Enter.
[
]]
, ,

270,

( 1

01

(
/

[7
di ...
10.5
<

d2 ...
20

&

s
2

lu . . .

. 2.102

-122.0

11371-78

40.0

,
0.5


3.571
>

270.0

^
.


(. 2.103).


: =>
=> =>
5918-73.
-

107

. 2.103

0. : ,
. (. 2.104).
:
- 1,25, - 17, - 12,4,
- 18,7, - 6 .
.
5918-73 (. 2.105).
,
.
. , 591 8

73

10

s ...
17

h ... _ 1S.7
12.4

5 9 1 8 - 7 3

I....
;

^ |


...
1.25

| 7
...

f ...
8.4

..
2.3

<

>

. 2.104

. 2.105

108

, ,
(40, -1 2 4 ), . ,
, , 270,
Esc (. 2.106).

5.
.
, : , ,
, - ,
.
^
. (35, -1 3 6 ,4 )
(35, -1 4 2 ). (45, -1 3 6 ,4 ) (45, -1 4 2 ).
.
1
1,25 .
=> => .
. ^
,
.
.
. .

2 .

. 2
. (. 2.107).

109

.
.
=> (, ,
) . =>
, ^
. .
(. 2.108).

. 2.108

.
.
.

=> .
}
( ). ,
, .
. 2 .


. ,
.
Enter.

110


, 4 Enter.
: => - .
=> => .


(. 2.109). ^

: => =>
. ,
: => => . ^

, , ><? ,
2 . ,
.
-1 ,
. .
(. 2.110).
,
.
, 1,
- (-4 5 ). ,
-1 (. 2.111).

111

- .
30 (
) .
F9. ,

112

3 45.
=> (. 2.112).

.
,
.

: => .
,
, .
=> .
: , - , - ,
- . .
. => =>
=> .
.
=> .

.
. , . 2.113.

ff
7

113

Junw

;1, i'JTF

. 2.113

''. dforrj Irifanumff

114

, ,
.
, .
2.4.1, 24: =>
=> . . 2.114.

.2 %2.
\2 ,
'{ 30 .
U 4' !

\
\

;
\

. 2.114


: => => .
.
.
- , ,
.
- 5 ( ),
: 67 160*
.
2.4.1, 16-17.
.

=> => .
1.
. , -
(
). .
,
.
2.4.1, 26.
. 2.115.

2.6.
,
-
30 . KOMPAS-3DV12_Demo
Setup.exe. :
;
.
.

/Moc gjftinnr

{&

115

Vinit

/ tf-

| VI /frit

88 & .}
&2

2. & 2} ii

JO t f

J. '

,, Jr
to ": ranHOaff
1

.',''1,1,1,

Gl-

-*

. 2.115


W
1 - t o

116

. .

. , ,
,
3D . => => .
(. 2.116).

Ae

:l

sales,,

1
I

=1

$
1

11

A il
%

0
:&
AJ

ll

L ^

I []

II- m il
z i 1

,--_4_

. >>

. 2.116



, : =>
=> (. 2.117).

/
. 2.117

.]-

117

*1 .
,
. 15.104.00.00,
=> . -1
(. 2.118).

. 2.118

: => => => .


, ., : ,
, 5.04.00.0, .
, -* -1 (. 2.119).
1

&

K15.10A00.01

1\

. 2.119

: => (. 2.120).
,
: =>
=> (. 2.121).
: => =>
. 5918-73 .1
.
10 1,25. ,
1
, :
=> (. 2.122).
:
10.31 10450-7;

118
I

K15.10A.00.0C00


$ 9650-80

$

$

/ Ki5.m oo.oi
i 5K15M.00.02
, 3 15.1003
df 4 K15.10i.00.0i

92

. 2.121

1
1
1
1

. 2.120

] s 1

K15.10i00.00CB

1} 1 Ki5.m oo.oi

2
It 3
df
df 5

K15M.00.02
Ki5.moo.o3
15.104.00.04
K15.10i.00.05

1
1
1
1
1

6\

12515

. 2.122

2 M 10xl,25-6gxl6.109 22041-76;
1.6x12.4 397-79.
,
;
- = | .
(. 2.123).
. .

119

Haunemdame

Kl5m.DD.0DC5

ii

J0
d
/If
&

; K l5 m .0 0 .0 l
i 7 K ism .o o .o 2
j . .
4 K15104.00.04
5 K15.104.00.05

1
1
1
1
1


50-78
- /
r d T 22041-76
Ik sm 16 2. J97-79

5
^

t
5

4
4
4
4

]LL p j .
/Tjjlijj.
Vxjj.WiTF,

ibtrm

5...

.'77

/'.

/ fciTfjjjj

#n$.

m rm

1wypn&w__________________
. 2.123




3.1. ... .
3.2.
......................
3.3.
.....................
3.4.

......................................
3.5.
....................................
3.6.
............................................
3.7.
........................
3.8.
..

122
124
147

174
205
213
219
230

122

(3D ) ,
,
. , ,
. -
. : .

.

.
,
.
, .
, ,
, ,
.

.
,
. , , , ,
, .

.
: ,
.

3.1.
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) ;
4) .

.

3.1.1.
.
: ,
, .
. ,
. ,
,
.

123

( ) .
.
,
, .
.
,
: , .
,
.
,
.
.
,

.
.
,
,
, .
. . 3.1
.

d)

. 3.1. :
) ; ) ; ) ; d)

124

3.7.2.
(
) ( )
. ( )
: , ,
.
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) ;
4) ;
5) ;
6) ;
7) ;
8) .

. . 3.1 ,
.

3.7.3.
.
: , , , ,
, , .
.

3.7.4.


( ). .
: , ,
, .
.

3.2.

,
( ) . ,
. , -

125

3.1.

126

. ,
, .
-. ,
.
80x40x20.

.
- 3 :
1) ;
2) ( );
3) -.
.
: => => .
, (. 3.2).
-, ,
( - LT V12), ( - V12).
( 1 2 Sold I tpuil ! }
itffc

tp u m ta p

etHLffl t - j a

it*

frw

I 1
in Ji

-iJ : f* . t ] Iw

Ijrf'i -m;ITT.M

<! f flin

- -1-0 J.

>

!\r-HflVH

- ED

J tT

rt*w

. 3.2

1 s-ra

127

- V12 (
30 ), .

K OM nAC-3D.
,
, , ,

&
Q

(-0)

... ^
S jl

XY

41

XY
ZX
ZV

... \

... \

3 ,
.
. IZ1
. : =>
=> => .
40 Enter,
80 Enter.
, ,
.
( ,
),
. => => .
: IjJ?
^
. 2 20. 2
0,0. ,
.
-1 .
, 80x40x20 (. 3.3).

^ (3 D ) & .
: => .
, 64 000 3.


.
: - 75%, -

128

-|

( -1 )


[!!]

XV

.::;; IV


1


:!

. 3.3

75%, - 75%, - 10%, - 0% - 75%.


--1 .
7,82, 10
1050-88. ,
: => => =>
=> => .
.
-0 : 1.
.
.
.

3.2.7.

20,
3 30.
(25, 0).


,
tp , , ,

.
.
Q . : =>
=> => .
(25, 0). : 25 => Tab => 0
=> Enter. 20 Enter.

129

.
: => => => .
: ,
, ! 30.
.
2 3 *1 . ,
.


, ,
^ :
=> .
3 ,
. ,
.
1
. ,
(. 3.4).
. 3.5.

0
0

(-1)

[ ]

XV

!{ |

ZX

-^ |

ZV

V
Z

" ^

; 1

-0

^
:!____________

. 3.5

. 3.4


$ ^ (3 D ) S .
.
,
(. 3.6).

130

: \ D o c u m e n ts

and

S e t t in g s ^ A d in in \

R o n = 10 . 0 0 7 8 2 0

1 0 5 0 -8 8

= 5 3 5 .4 9 6 4 9 5 D
= 1 4 0 1 3 .1 3 1 9 0 4
V = 6 8 4 7 7 .81270

Xc

Yc

= 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0

Sc

= -S .2 8 7 4 3 S

Jx

1 4 5 1 5 1 .3 7 8 8 0 5
= 3 6 7 4 3 6 .2 0 5 3 0 3
= 3 5 6 5 7 7 .6 7 9 4 8 7

* 2

Jx

1 0 8 3 7 .1 6 0 8 4 8

Jy

= 3 8 9 1 9 . 0 3 5 0 32

Jxy

J = 3 5 4 8 3 9 . 7 2 7 2 3

* 2

* 2
= 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0
J = 1 4 1 1 1 . 7 7 2 4 7 3 * 2
J y z = 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 *

MM2

1 .8 0 1 5 2 6

Jy

Ro =01 .0 0 7 8 2 0 /

1G

Jxy
Jxz

* 2

= 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 * 2
= 2 2 1 0 6 .8 0 3 7 5 4 * 2

J y = . * 2

:
Jx =
Jy

J =

356806.886887 *2
38919.03508 *2
106405.0011S4 *

X = -0 .0 8 3 6 3 4
Y = 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0
z = 0 .9 9 6 0 6 4

X = 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0
Y =

1 .0 0 0 0 0 0
= 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0

X = - 0 . 9 9 6 0 64

02

Y = 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0
2 =

-0.088634

LU

11

. 3.6

,
= 68 477,815702 3.

131

3.2.2.


25 8 .
.
3.2.
,
.
. 0
(25,0). 16
Enter.
. .
^ ,
.
,
, .
.
,
. => =>
.
. 80.
.
,
1 .


, ,
^ ,
=> .
3 , ,
,
,
.

.
.

.
--11
- 2,
JU - .
. 3.7
.

3 7

132


^ ^ (3 D ) f i ) .
.
, 78 961,902107 3.

3.2.3.


50x50. 6 .

.
.

. 3.2.
,
.
. Q
(25, 0). 12
Enter.
.
.
ZX. ,
. .


(25, 0). 2 (25, -5 0 )
Enter, (-2 5 , -5 0 ) Enter,
(-2 5 , 0) Enter. F9,
Stop. ,
16 (. 3.8).
.
,
. :2, =>
=> .
.
... :3,
. --11 .
2.
, ,

, => .

, 1 3 ,
45, -

133

i fr Es-lpjjjB
(-1)
- J ()
9 XV
!

! *

..\


N\

1.. \

Q ] :!
~| :2

3:3

. 3 .8

, .
.
--1 .
,
,
(. 3.9).


(3 D )
.
.
,
V = 78 763,105720 3.

3.2.4.


: 20x60, R10 R20.

.

. 2.5.1.
, .

.
.

134

20 60 Enter.

.
: => => .

. ,
.
20. .
.
:!, ,
. 20 .
,
.
, ,
,
.

Q , 20
Enter. ,
, .
. :3.
:2
. 40
.
. :2, => =>
. 2.
,
, :4. ( ,
.)
.

( ) ,
. .
*1 F9 (
). . ;
=> 6.
, 4 q ,
-1 . :
=> => .
.

, :
.
.

135


, .
: =>
=> .

. ,

. 3.10.
,
91 516,118813 3.

3.2.5.

^ .;


, 70x30 45.
.
3.2.
, .

.
.
30 70. Enter.
4 . => => .
: - ,
- , - . !
0, - 45.
1 .
1x45 . => .

, 2
.
,
,
, .
,


.
-1
(. 3.11).

: : 1,
: 1
:!.

. 3 .1 1

136

,
51 477,013180 3.

3.2.6.

70x30 .

. 3.2.
, .

. (2>
. 2
35 15. 0 Enter.
. -
. : => =>
=>
. ^ .
,
.
. :
=> => -
. ,
.
. => => .
:
- , - , 2
180.
,
. , .

. .
.
1x45 .
=> . ,
1. ,
45. ,
. ,
, -*-1 .
3 .
(. 3.12).
: : 1,
:! :!.

137


,
47 315,506477 3.

3.2.7.



1,5x30
80
3 .
. 3 .1 2

.
3.2.
\
.
3 - .
:
n,t

, 14, - 3,
-

, -

- ^ . 80

1 .
, -
:!, (. 3.13).

4 X

fe 'i 'Ji|a
[cFjj (-1)

- J ()
: 1
j

Q I ; 1
P i : Z

:!

. 3.13

138

: => =>
. ,
4^, . ,

,
.
: 1. .
1,5x30.
: ^
. .

: => .


. 1,5, - 30
Enter.
, (
. (
) , ,
.
(. 3.14).

. 3.14

139


,
. => => .
.
,
,
.
: 1.
.
-1 .
(. 3.15).

. 3 .1 5

, .
- , 28 548,303470 2.

3.2.8.

90
(36x4) 16.
.

140


. 3.2.
,
X, 4 ^ , ,
,
.

. d>
(-1 5 , 0). 18, 2 - 2,
90 Enter (. 3.16).

. 3 . 16

. ,
:2 (: 1 ).
,
Z, 4 q , ,
,
.

141

Q
(-2 5 , 8), 16 Enter.
.
, , (-2 5 , - 8).

0,1, Enter.

. .
: => =>
(. 3.166).

. .
: => =>
. :2 :3,
,
.

142


( ).
.
.
.
, ,
- [) .
: => => .
-*-1 (. 3.17).

- , V = 52 489,653184 3.
, ,
.
: 1
.
[)
. (. 3.18).

: => => .
.


1 (. 3.19).

, ,
. ,
, ,
,
(. 3.20).

143

. 3 .1 9


:! ,

.

: => => .

.


-1 (. 3.21).
,
.

, -

(-1)
) ()

- ZX

5S

ZV

1 \

:1

:1

:2

- 12 3:3
: 1

? : 1

. 3.20

144

. 3 .2 1

,
, , ,
:
. ,
.
:
.
.
, ,
,
,
, .
.

3.2.9.

.
(. 2.23).
2.4.1. , ,
.
. :
=> => .
=> . ,
, .
- _
. ,


, .
: => => => .
X Y - 1 .

145

.
\ .
, (
). ,
| .

. X

0.

(33, 0). X 2 33,
33.000

0.000

33 , .
, ,
: (33, 9), (7, 9), (7 ,1 5 0 ), (5, 150), (5, 157), (7 ,1 5 7 ),
(7 ,1 6 5 ), (0, 165). ,
.
Esc. , ,
,
. _ .
(^ . ,
, ,
.
3x45 1x45.
~ \ 1
3 1 3.0

, Enter.

,
,
, .
. 3x45 .
1x45,
. 1 1 .

, |


"'
23, Enter.
.
, (. 3.22).
-: => =>
=> . .

146

, 360.
-1 . ,
, .
. =>
. (0, -3 7 ),
80,
Enter. : => =>
.
, 2. 0,0.
-1 (. 3.23).

. 3 .2 2

- ,
61 784,008417 3.

147

3.3.

,
.
,
, . ,
( +
) 32 . ,
,
.
.

3 .3 .1.
,
2.5.1. ,
, , .
-: => => .
=> .
- , ,
2.5.1. w _
. ,
<?..
, .
1 . => => =>
. X Y - 1 .
.


. , (
). ,

0-000

0.000

. X

Y 0. ,
, , 1 .
.
2

148

: (80, 0); (80, -20); (75, -20); (75, -24); (80, -24); (80, -27);
(75, -27 ); (75, -3 1 ); (80, - ) ; (80, -34); (75, -34); (75, -38); (80, -38); (80, -42);
(70, -42); (70, - 8); (75, - 8); (75, - 8); (60, - 8); (60, -34); (0, -3 4 ).
(. . 2.66).
Esc. ,
, , ,
.
' _ .

" ,
, , .
,
.
^
.
- 15 Enter.
(60, 0), 50
Enter.
.
, -
, -
50 Esc .
=> => .
. '
. ,
( ) - (0, -3 4 )
.
d> . ,
(0, -3 4 ), .
34, 2 -
24, - 0 E nter.
. :
, .
- ^
.

1 . 25
.
10 2,0 (. . 2.66).
=> =>
(. 3.24).

149

-
. : => =>
=> . (
, , , ,
. : 1,
.)
.

*1 .
(. 3.25).

. 3.25

150

, .
. 2.66.
12 4
10 4 10 100
17 .
: => .
=^ ,
(0, -3 4 ), - 10, - 66.
Enter. (. 3.26).

. 3 .2 6

,
: => => =>
.
, ^, .
, 4 ^ ., (. 3.27).
, .
:1.

^ - (. 3.28).
:
.
.
. 4
Enter, ,
, . . 3.29
.

. 3.29

151

152


, .
: => => .
, 2 66
-1 . . Q
(. 3.30).

. 3 .3 0


&
-=
(-1)
3~- J ()
.... .
3- ZX
.... ZY
1.... ^
;....

0 Y


12 ,
.
12 :
=> => .


, 4 q ,
,
:1
,
:2
: 1 (. 3.31).
.... ^
: =>
... 1 2 ] ;3
... | : 1
=> .
:!

:!,
. 3 .3 1
: 1.
N 2 12.
, ,
... \

:!

2 - 360.

153


.
12 ; , -1 .
,
(. 3.32).

. 3 .3 2


10 17 , 82x66.

. ,
, ,
,
.
: => => .
.
, 14 (. .).
02
17 40.0.
10, 8.98. ,
.
(41, 33),

154

01

04

SP 05

08

5 09

06

-5 10

3 03

07

11

<

40.0

120,0

10.0

)
. 3 .3 3

.
.
=> .
: : 1.

2,
.
=>
.
: 1.

7,
(. 3.33).

155

,
, .
.
- ,
42 8540,187377 3.

. =^"
: - , -
(. 3.34).

. : => =>
.
-1 .
,
: => => .

: => => .
,
6560, (. 3.35).

.

156

. 3.35

, , ,

,
.
. ,
.

3.3.2.

, 2.5.2. ,
, ,
. -: => => .
X Y => .
,
.4 <^[
"

- .

_ .

,

, .
. => =>
=> . X Y - 1
.
, , .
,
.
f\l

157

(6, 0),
,
(6,0), ,
2.
2
: (25, 0);
(25, -7 ); (60, -7); (60, -15); (80, -15); (80, -23);
(75, -23); (75, -29); (80, -29); (80, -140); (70, -140);
(70, -122); (17, -122); (17, -5 ); (6, -5); (6, 0).
Esc.

.

,
.
5 4

(. . 2.78).
. 3.36
,

(. 3.36).
: => => .
, 360.
: , . ,

. .
.
XYZ (. 3.37).

.
XY .
,

,

. 3.37

1|


F8.

:
(0, -122); (60, -122); (60, -75); (47, -27);
(0, -2 7 ).
Esc

158

20 ,
. => => => .
, , Esc (. 3.38).

. 3 .3 8

: => =>
.
: ijp
, 40,
. .

(. 3.39).

6 8

,
, .
XY => .
(0, -7 5 ),
68, Enter.
68 . . =>
=> .
j p , ! 60 ,
0, ,
(. 3.40).

. 3.40

159

160

12 (6 -
6 - ) 3 ,
4 0 0
16
, . ,
, ,
. ,

3 .
,
,
.
=> => .

.
:!.
(
) ,
.
=> => .

:!.
.
16,
. : 1,
Esc.
,
. : =>
=> . (75, -2 9 ),
220, - 70 Enter.
.
: => =>
.
,
. ,
t* , ^ (. 3.41).
: 1,
.
.
3, Enter.
.
3^ (. 3.42).

161

. 3 .4 2

. => => .

- .
, ;
( , , , ,
). ,
.

162

tjft ,
,
2

.
^


; 5

1
( p j

1 0,0

2 0.0

[^ | *


. ,

:3.

(. 3.43).

12
.
=> =>
.


:3.
. 3 .4 3

:
, N2 ( ) - 6 2
6 . :
d

, ^ ,

. :!.
. .
. 3.44.

. => .

:3 : 1.
,
ZY.
,

1 . ,
:!.

163

10 6 45
, .
.
, ,
....
.
(70, -1 2 2 ), 45, - 30.
Enter.
(. 3.45).

. 3.45

164


. => =>
. .
,
. ,

.
(. 3.46).

. 3 .4 6

:2,
.
.
6, Enter.
,
(. 3.47).
. => => .
$ ] _J

^ .
1
7 (. 3.48).
10 :
=> => .

:4.

165

. 3.48

f
. 3.47


: 1.
N2 . 2 360.
, EL. .
10 .
1
(. 3.49).

. 3.49

166

10
8 2 x 6 6
.
, .
.
, 66 82
Enter.
(. 3.50).

. 3 .5 0

.
, 10 Enter.
.
,
.
: => => => .
- (. 3.51).

8
6 5 27
,
^ .
27 Enter. ,
130,
.
8 .

167

. 3.51

, 8
.
.
: => =>
.
@ .
-1 (. 3.52).

. 3.52

168


2

7 2
6 9

.X

1
'V

,
=> => .

69 +-* (
.
:
,
.

.
Q ,
(0, -7 5 ), 72
. 3.53
Enter (. 3.53).
. => => .
, 1
2 . -

. 3.54

169

[| . . 3.54

.


.
=>
=> .

:?
.

(. 3.55).


5 3
3 8

. 3.55

=> .
.
(0, -7 5 ). R

. 3.56

170

53, Enter. .
=> => .
, ! 38
. (. 3.56).
.


5 2
=> => .
, ,
, .
.
10. 0 8 (. 3.57).

. 3.57
, -1
.
2
. =>
=> . 2
.
, .



, ,

171

.
, ,
(. 3.58).

. 3.58
. => => .

.
(. 3.59).
,
, (
)
. : => =>
.
. 3.60 ,
.
, 14 ,
7 , 2 ,
, ,
, , .

22 . -

172

. 3.59
, ,
.
,
.
,
. ,
.
. ,

, .
.
2,
2 , , 10,
(. 3.61).

.
6560
: => => -
.
, , , 4 q ,
, -

173

.
. , ,
, .
,
,
. 3.62.
.

* J
(-1)

;!
one ,

- ) ()

:!
; 1

~] :2

12 ;3

. 3.61

:!

fiU

:2

S*4

X : 1

; 1

I
^

: 4
: 1

~ ;5
fiU

^
: 1

; 1
: 6

: 2

[2 ]

;7

fjj]

:2

;
fiU

~ :9
[MJ] ;6

: 1

~[ : 10
!

-&

;7
: 2

: 11

[Mj]

;3

:1

:2

; 12

:!

. 3.60

. 3.62

174

3.4.

,
, ,
.
,
.
, , ,
.
( - 12
0,0001 ), .
,
.

,
. ,
, .

, ,
.

3.4.7.
,
10x15 4 80 .
=> => . .
, => =>
.
(. 3.63).
n,h -
. 4.
, 80. .
,
0,0001 , Enter -1 .
2 (. 3.64).
. XY => .
CD . 2 10
15 , - 0.
Enter.
(. 3.65).

175

=> => .
,
:! (. 3.66).
-^1
.
.
(. 3.67).
,
: => => .

176

\ I
. 3.67

. 3.66

930
, .
6560, .

,
. (. 3.68).

. 3.68

,
(. 3.69).
,

177

.
, 8, -1
(. 3.70).


[?-) (-1)
-- } ()
XV

ZX
... SB ZY
...
... \

OCbY

... \

~ :!
:!
;2

. 3.70

:!

. 3.69

, .
.
,
.
: 1,
.
.
1,
(. 3.71).
,
2. 2.
.
, ,
( ),
.
. ,
2 ( 10 15) 8 22.
. (. 3.72).
,
30x15.
2, - .
.
30, - 15 Enter.

178

# ...
^
#

'


# 2
#

. 3.71

. 3.72

179

. ,
(. 3.73).

. ,
=> => =>
1(. 3.74).

:!.
,
3 8.
, 5 1.

180

,
. 3.75.

. 3.75
.
, , ,
.
.
. ,
.

3.4.2.

,
,
.

,
, .

, .

, , .

181


: 5, ,
0 20.
.
: => => .
. .
=> => .
n,h - .
5, - 0,1 ( ).
2
10 20 ( ).
1
(. 3.76).

. KOCTbZX, .

. (5, 0 ).
20 1.
Enter. , => =>
.
. ,
4^, . ,
.

: ^0 3 .
: => => .
.

182

. 3.77


,

(. 3.77).



.
.
=> => .
.
. =>
=> .

: ,
- 5.
2 10 20. .
, .

^
.
.
(. 3.78).
. => => .
, 2 20. -

183

, 0,999
. : => => . .

, . 3.77.

. , ,
,
.
, ,
, .
,
.

, , ,
. . . 3.79
,
,
,
.

. 3.79


, .

. .
,

184

, ,
.
, .

, .
=> => . .
. => =>
.
: , - 5.
2 10 60. .
, ^

^ .
:! .
. .
:
:
. => => .
30, .
.
1
.
: 1, . => =>
.
: , - 5.
2 10 60.
.
: 1, .
^ .
:2.
: 1. .
:
:2
. => => .
2 4. ,
.
. 4,9.
. 10 .
: => =>
.
. 930 6560 (. 3.80).
,
.
4 -

185

is
(-1)
-


SS

KY

5;

!S

ZV

* v X
Y
^ Z
-

3
*

:!

;!

:2
1

: 1

:3
; 1
:

= ~| :4___________

. 3.80

.
. ,
,
(. 3.81).
, ,
.

186

2 ,
20 Enter. ,
, .
, (
). : =>
=> (. . 3.81). .
.
, 2. 2
.
(. 3.82).

-
(-1)

& " 1 ()
'AV
ZX
SB ZV
S\

V
Z

: 1
: 1
\2

- . : 1
:3
;

: 4
: 1

. 3.82

3 .4 .3 .
,

, .
, ,
.

. ,
.
Intel Pentium 2,0 .

187

,
10 ,
. : 1,14,
0,3, 94. : 5, 0,1,
10 30, 148.
=> => . .
. => =>
.
: , - 5, - 0,1 (
). 2
10 30 ( ). .

,

.
.

. : => =>
. :
6, .
(5, 0), (R ) 1,14, 94, Enter. . =>
=> .
, 2 10.
,
2 0,3.
1(. 3.83).

=> => .
: 148,
. :
- , -
. .

188


: 1,

,

. 148
, (. 3.84).

. 3.84
-1 .
: =>
=> (. 3.85).
, , 148
, . 3.85, Intel Pentium 4 2,8
7 . 288 - 14 .
. , ,
5 10, 2 30 - 60. 10 20
148 576 ( . 3.86)
5 .
10 .
.
. , 2,4
, 2,8, .

189

. 3.85

. 3.86
, ,
. 3.87.

190

,

. : 1,
148
.

3.4.4.

(-1)

. 3.87


- V12. , .

.
, ,
: .
.
1. :
-0 ,7 5 , 2 10 80,
, - 0,0, - 30.
2. . :
- , 2 40 20,
, - 0,0, - 30.
30 45.
3. 75 .
4. 100x75 10 .
5. 6 6 15 .
6. .
90: 0 -1 2 -2 3 -3 0 .
4 .
7. .


1.
: - 0,75, 2
0 180, , - 0,0, - 30.
=> => . ,

191

KOMIIAC-3D. . =>
=> => .
n,t - ,
0,75. 2
110 180. .

, .
,

^ .
: 1 . :
. ;
, :
: 1
.

:2
.
,
.
=> => =>
.
,
,
100 ,
.
,

,
.

(. 3.88).
- : => => =>
. : ,
, 2 30 .
, .
2.
.
: - 1, 2 40 120,
- 270, - 30.
30
XY, =>
=> .
n ,t ,
1. - 270,0. 2

192

40 120. .
:2.

.
, .
^ .
^ .
:
^ .
: 4
. => => =>
.
, -
, 8 ^ 8.

- .

, ,
, 55.
, , .
, ,

, .
.

, ,
30 45 .
=> => .

, ~^, .
, % ,
^

. ,
,
.
.
:1 .
. , 30 => Enter
.
:2, .
45 .
, : => =>
(. 3.89).

193

,
: => => =>
.
^. :5,
5. 2 .
,
, [^]
4
.
, (. 3.90).

194

3. 75 .
.
75
=> Enter, .
: => => .
. (. 3.91).

. 3.91
4.
100x75, 10
.
,
.
75 100 . :

. 3.92

195

=> => . :
. 10.
(. 3.92).
5. 6 6,
88, 15 .
.
6,
(0, 44) Enter.
. 6 :
=> .
: => => .
6,
.
. : =>
=> .
. 15
.
6. .
90. 4 .

.
.
: => => 2 .
90 . 3.93.

. 3.93

196


,
, 5 , .
: (0), (12), (23)
(35). .
=> => => .

, ~\, .
.
10 ( 1,0).
.
,

.
. ,
90, ,
,
, 180, ,

.
( ),
4 ^ , .
*
W

0,0

0,0

10,0

33.3536

114,5774

10,0

66.7977

229,4311

10,0

100.0

343.471S

10.0

: (0), (12), (23) (30).



,
.
, - . ,
.

0.0

0,0

0,0

33,3333

114,4906

12.0

66,6667

223,9311

23.0

100.0

343.4718

30.0

. , ,
.
(. 3.94).

197


: => => .
, , , ~\~,
.
( 1,0). 4 .
:
=> .

.
(. 3.95).

. 3.94

. 3.95


,
: => => .

: => => .
.

198

,
,

.

3.4.5.


.
,
.
,
.
.
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. ( , ,
. .).


=> => . . =>
=> => .
: n,h -
, 2.
2 0 60. .


, .

.
:! .
XY.


XY => => =>
.
: n,h - , - 3,
00. 0,0001.
, . :

199


:! .


=> => .
,
3. , -^,
,
, , .
, .
.

CJ - , . 3.96.

1
2
3

30.0

0.0

0.10

0.0

25.0

40.0

0.0

10.0

25.0

40.0

40.0

0.0

. 3.96

,
3 , 2 .

.
.


=> => . . =>
=> => .
: n,h -
, - 5, - .
2 10 60. .
XY, =>
=> . ,
. (X, Y, Z, R).
, -

200

, ,
, , .
.
1. 30.0,0.0,0.1,0.0
2. 25.0,40.0,0.0,10.0
3. 25.0,40.0,40.0,0.0
^ 1 <

0,0

30.0

0,0

0,10

25.0

40.0

0.0

10.0

25.0

40,0

40,0

0,0

(. 3.97).
'V, ( \ V11 ( fruit d !7 ) [ ]
I

] - g B l^ l.

.
:
0
.<
)
9 1

*-;

^ -

- U - ^ D i t . tJ

,=

^- *

& , -1-:1 * - -

______;|

J- -

>

\ (

, >:1
fl.

___________

s f t l


IW c n

[ 13i.li

**

411.11

~~\

411.11

40.111

[ ( K fM M C.C

1?

OJ)
111.11

* - | . -

I -1D.D

. 3.97

.
. => =>
. ,
-f^., ,

201

, -^, .
^ .
: 1, - .



. 5 Enter.
,
, (. 3.98).

. 3.98
. => => .

. 2 .
, ~^, .
.
.
.
, - 1 (. 3.99).

202


=> .
,

*1 (, (. 3.100).


: 1,
. .
(25, 40), 2 -
(25, 60) - 90. .
.
=> => .
( 25, -4 0 ) ,

, ,

-^, .
.
:2,
- .
5, Enter.
,
, . . =>

203

=> . ,
^, ,
.
1 (. 3.101).

. 3.100

. 3.101

.
=> . ,
+ Q , , -1
7.
,
. 3.102.
. 3.103.

204

. 3 .1 0 2

[g fl (-1)

0 - J ()
- XV
- ZX

SB ZV

--'
\

- jS

:!
: 1

- J - 1 1;1

-. :!
~| :2


: 1

~ :3

I"

: 4

:2
;2

. 3.103

205

3.5.
,
. ,
, ,
.

3.5.7.
24x100
100 . (40x100). 2 .
8 . 0.


=> => . . =>
=> => => =>
. 24 00
. => => =>
. ,
00.
, 2 2
. (. 3.104).

. 3.104

206



. : =>
=> => => .
( 0, - 12),
2 (-1 0 0 , -4 0 ) Enter.
, ,
: => => -
, ,
(. 3.105).

&

. 3.105
: =>
=>
.
,
-
.
0.

,
2 2
.
YZX (. 3.106).


8 : =>
=> .
. 3.106

207

: 1.
...
, ~\~,
. , 8.
.
. (
100 ). -1
(. 3.107).

: =>
.
: 1.

. .
-* -1 (. 3.108).
,
.
:2 .
(. 3.109).

209

3.5.2.

100 300 .
. 2 . 24.
5.


=> => . . =>
=> => => => .
(50,0); (5 0 ,-1 0 0 ) + Enter (50, - 100); (150, - 100)
+ Enter, 2, .

(. 3.110).

.X

50

&

150

. 3.110
=> => => .
,
2 .
XYZ (. 3.111).
: XY => => =>
=> => . (50, 0)
, (1 5 0 ,-1 0 0 ) - 2 Enter (. 3.112).
=> => => .
, -

210

- . 5.
,
2 2 -1 (. 3.113).
,
: => => .
.
:!.

211


24: => => .
: 1.
:!.
N2 24, 2
. , 2 360,
-1 (. 3.114).

. 3.114

: => => (. 3.115).

212


,
: :2,
. . 3.116
3.117.

. 3.117
, ,

.

213

3.6.

,
. , .

45 (. 3.118).

. 3.118


=> => . . =>
=> => => =>
. :
Ctrl+G,

.
- R.
,
, 2 ( 0, - 10),
.
.

214

6,0 (. 3.119),
, .
6, 1,0 2,0
.

4
______________________

. 3.119

: => =>
=> .
: =>
-
.
(0, - 10); ( - 5 , - 10); ( - 5 , - 20) (0, - 20)
:
=> =>
.

3 120
, ( 0 ,0 10,0), .
( - 5 , - 10); ( - 5 , - 20), ( 0, - 20)
Esc (. 3.120).

4
,
C trl+A : => => .
:
20 4,
, ,
, -

215

.
... ,

, 2
(, - 20) Enter (. 3.121).
: => =>
. ,
2, , : (-4 0 , 0);
(-4 0 , -9 0 ) ( - 5 , -9 0 ) (. 3.122).

J
)

I)
I)

J
. 3.121

. 3.122

: =>
=> .


=> => => .
,
50, 1 0,0.

.
(. 3.123).

216

. 3.123


=> => .
, 45.


,
",
,
( )

.
(. 3.124).

,
.
-1 (. 3.125).

,
.

,

(. 3.126).

. 3.124

217

: =>
=> .
.
-1 (. 3.127).
6
(27, -2 5 ). => => => =>

218

. 3.127
=> . (27, -2 5 ),
6 Enter (. 3.128).

. 3.128
=> => => .
.
0 , 0 .

-1 ,
(. 3.129).
.

219

. 3.129

3.7.

,
-
30 . KOMPAS-3DV12_Demo
Setup.exe. :
;
.
.
. .
,
1 (. 3.130).
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) ;
4) ;
5) ;
6) .


: => =>
. ,

220

. 3.130
-.
. => => =>
=> => .
50 00,
. . => =>
. .
.
: (. 3.131).
1.
. : => => .
,
. ,
.
:

__| ;

_J] ;
50;
=| ;
- .

221

[];) (-1)
-

J ()
S3-

- 3 -

S i

ZV

2
: 1

J : 1

. 3.131
,

1 (. 3.132).

. 3.132

(. 3.133).
2.
. : =>
=> .

222

,
(. 3.134).

. 3.134
,
.
. - .

(. 3.135).

223


(ft)

1
^

rl

0.0

. 3.135
4 ,
. (. 3.136).

. 3.136
3.
.
, .
.


(. 3.137).

224

. 3.137

32 , 4
26 .
=> => .
:
?] ;
2*| ;


1.0

2.0

- ;

1'4* ;

1*1 2;
JL

- 2;

0 1-0
1.
,
*- (. 3.138).
4.
.
,
.

,
.
, ,
20 , : => -
. => => .
:
- 30;
N1 - 3;
2 - 10;
N2 - 4.

225

. 3.138

.
2 (-4 0 , -4 0 ) Enter
. 12 (. 3.139).

----------------------------------------

. 3.139
: => =>
.

. => =>
. :

226
^+] ;

^ l | ;

F.n

5;
5 .0

?.

2
.


,
- 1 (. 3.140).

. 3.140
5.

22 . ,
.
22 (. 3.141).
. => =>
.
:
| ;
[] ;
;

227

. 3.141
24;
|==| ;
0,0;
5.0 *

5.
,
-1 (. 3.142).
6.
.
22 , .
,
.

22 ,
. =>
=> .
:
| ;
| ;
;
20;
1=11=1;

228

0,0;
5.0
5;
0

^ |^2.0

2 .
,
-* -1 (. 3.143).

. 3.143

229

7.
.
: => => .
7.
,
.
,
. :

Jn
75;

j ;

J ] ;
0,0;
| ;
295.0

, , ,
, .
295.
, ;

2,0 -9- 2.
,

1 (. 3.144).

. 3.144

230

. .
, =>
=> . ,

. : =>
=> => F9 (. 3.145).

3.8.

-
. 3.146-3.156.
-
, ,
.
. , - ,
. -
.
- , -
3 .
33
.

231
5 ,8

R 0 .3

'

. 3.146
33

. 3.147

, 4 .

:
1) 64 60
- 4 ;
2) ;
3) 8 .

2 . -

232
10

5
2,3x30'

2x45 2

5
. 3.148

. 3.149
.
.
,
.
6 .
15 18 . -

&

. 3.151

233

234

. .
6
25 , 12,4 .
,
6 .

6 20 .

6 .

. 3.152

. 3.153


27 4,
.
,
45 , 5
10x10 20 .
.
.
1. ;
24 , - 40x2. -


10 10

55

235

. 3.154

020

. 3.155

236

,
.
20 .
2. 100x50x40,
24 ,

40x2.
.
20 .
.
66.5

16.2

tA
. 3.156

237

.
. ,

66,5 , R 8,73 2,5.
, ,
16,2, 12 .
25.
. R20
.

4.1.
4.2. ...................
4.3. ..................................
4.4. ..............
4.5.

3 0 - ...........................
4.6.

..........................
4.7.

........................................

241
244
262
273

291

293

304

240


, ,
.
. ,
, ,
.

.

,
, ,
.
, -
,
. ,

.
,
,
. ,
. , , ,
,
. ,
, ,
,
,
.
.

.
,
,
.

, ,
, .

.

.
. ,
. (
),
.

241

,
5 :
,
, ,
(. 4.1).


.


,
, ,
.
.

4.1.



.
.

50

80
. 4.2


200

.


. 4.2.

-14, 1,28 .
500+20 .


.


,
. ,
,

, -

242

,
,
, .

. , ,

.
,
. 4.2,
4 3
,
. 4.3.
: => => .
. => . '
_ .
,

, .
1 . =>
=> => . X 1
.
|
, 2,
2 : ( 0, 0); ( 0, 60); (50, 60); (50, 35);
(80, 35); (80, 0). Esc .
(. . 6.2).
10 ,
: => -
. . .
nrocKOCTbZX => . ^
200 90.
. :2.

-
=> =>

^, : 1. (
, Esc
. => => ,
:2 :1.)

, 2 .
(. 4.4) .

243

. 4.4

, ,
. :2.
.
. : =>
=> => .
\
, (20, 0) ,
. ( 20, 5),
10 Enter.
,
(20, 15),
, - (. . 4.3).
10
. , : =>
=> . 2
20, N2 10 ( ) N1 1 (
). , 2
.

(
(20, 0)) , ,
. 10 .

244

Esc.
: => =>
. ,
(. . 4.4 ).

. .

4.2.
,
,
, , .
- (. 4.5).

23360-78

50

-
1

1
05

1
2

- 16
- 4
- .

. 4 .5


,
. 40.
, .

,
60 . .

245


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

: R50 35 .
60 .
55 100 .
.
180 .
480 .
6 28 130 .
.
40 .
8 56.
.
.
.
.

1.
. => => .
. => => => 50 => Enter =>
=> => => =>
=> => => ! - 35 =>
- -1(. 4.6).

. 4.6

2.
.
.
. 4.7.

246


1. } .
2. / /
140 .
, 70, Enter,
.
3.
4.

(0 , -8 0 ).

Q 280 (0, -8 0 ).
F9 ( ).

5.


.
6. .
7. 6 15.
8. .
=> => => =>
=> => ! - 60 => .
(. 4.8).
3.
215
00 . HfiocKOCTbZY => => .
(60, 50); - 350; - 25 Enter.
.

1 (0, 50); - 10 (); - 180,
Enter. => => => => =>
=> =>
=> => -1(. 4.9).

. 4.8

247

. 4.9

4. . =>
. ILiocKOCTbXZ.
-* -1(. 4.10).
5.
20 . KOCTbZY => .
(. 4.11)
.
,
3.2.9, 3.3.1 3.3.2.
w _
.
,
.


, .
1 .
=> => =>
.
X Y - 1

. 4.10

248

3^ 1.0
- - 1,0.
,
.
. ^

] ,
, 2,
:
( -2 5 , 95); (-2 5 , 155); (-3 2 , 155); (-3 2 , 208); (-5 2 , 208); (-5 2 , 275); (-8 0 , 275).
.
Esc.
2,5x45 6 (. . 4.11)
0 2 , 2
(-3 2 ), (155) (-3 2 ), (161) Enter, .

2 (-8 0 , 275) (-8 0 , 95), Enter
.
.
: => => => => =>
=> =>
. (. 4.12).

28

R3

to

80
55

. 4.11

&

. 4.12

249

6. 480 .
HfiocKOCTbZY => . *$*
.
(. 4.13) .
.
,
(-2 5 , -9 5 ), 2 - : (-2 5 , -155); (29, -155); (29, -205);
(17, -205); (17, -194); (-8 0 , -1 9 4 ).
, . Esc.
(-8 0 , -1 9 4 )
2 (-8 0 , -9 5 ) + Enter .
: => => => .
.
.
1(. 4.14).

. 4.13

. 4.14

7.
6 28 130 .
YZ.
. => (-6 5 , -8 0 ) => 28 =>
Enter => => => => .
, ,
30. .

250

.

. => =>
.

.
,
. =>
=> .

:3.
,
N2 6. ,
2 360
.

:! .
-* -1(. 4.15).
8.
.
: 4, 16, . 4.15
4, - ,
218 . - 2x2.
,
, ,
.
: => => .
n, t , - 4, - 16.
,
- , 0,0,
( ( ) , -8 0 ).
28. .
(. 4.16).
: => =>
.
:!, ,
h^, Esc.
: 1,
.
2,
Enter.
(. 4.17).

251

. 4.16

. 4.17

: => => => .


:!
. (. 4.18).
: => =>
.

:!. N2 4. ,
2 360 :

252


--------------- -

^=1
3=-

:
. 4.18

. 4.19

:!
. 5 . (. 4.19).
9. 40 . => => =>
40 => Enter => => =>
=> => .
,
190 .
(. 4.20).
10. 8 146 246 . ZY
=> => . (50, 0),
246, - 146. Enter (. 4.21).
=> => => .
, 4^,
, ,
4 ^ , Esc.
:2,
=> => 8 => Enter.
, => =>
=> .
. . (. 4.22).

253

. 4.20

. 4.22

11.
.
, ,
, .

254

=> => .


,
2.

2. .

: 1. : =>
.
.

. 4.23
(, -2 5 0 ), 90
. => =>
. :
, , 6,
-- 1 (. 4.23).
.
. 4 3
() . =>
=> => 4.
(. 4.24).
.

. 4.24

255

12.
. ,
, ,
. => =>
=> .
.
(0, 80).
. .

1(. 4.25).

,
( 0, -8 0 ).
13.
.
.
: => =>
.
.
. , .

(Spl , ,
. 40 4543-71,
. .
.
,

256

.
.
25%. :
- 80%, - 80%, - 80%, - 10%,
- 0%, - 80%.
1
.
(. 4.26).

. 4.26


.
: => (. 4.27).

, ,
, . ,
(, Yc, Zc) (0.0, 0.0, 80.0).
,
. Yc 19,886 , Zc - 10,234
(90,234 - 80). , Zc ( 80 )
,
. Yc
.

Zc 80,0 .
.
. -

257

: \ D ocu m en ts

and

S e t t i n g s \ Adiciin\

40

4 5 4 3 - 7 1

Ro = . 0 0 7 8 2 5

= 7 1 4 8 .0 3 3 633

3 = 5 3 6 6 0 3 .7 9 9 2 7 3

V = 9 1 0 5 1 8 0 .0 2 3 4 4 6

= 0 . 000000
1 9 .8 8 5 8 0 0

Yc

Zc

= 9 0 . 233S 2 6

. 4.27

F8,
, 120 5 175, ~*
- 20 (. 4.28).

258

,
. , .
: => => => .
, ,
40, . : =>
,
^.
, 7 =>
-1(. 4.29).

. 4.29
, Zc: =>
(. 4.30).

: \ D o c u m e n ts

and

S e t t in g s ^ J L d in in \

Ro

40

4 5 4 3 - 7 1

= 0 .0 0 7 8 2 5

= 5 7 8 7 4 .9 0 2 4 2 5

V = 7 3 9 6 1 5 3 .6 6 4 4 8 3

= .

= 2 4 .4 8 0 8 0 4

= 8 0 .1 8 5 4 3 8

. 4.30

5 8 4 2 8 7 .5 7 1 5 5 1

259

, Zc 80,185 .

:
:4 .
4 0 , . Zc
, 80,17 .
,
Zc 80,0. ,
40,5 .
Yc , ,
:
.
,
. 4.31.

( 0 ,0 , 80,0) 200 120 .
=> => => .
, ,
- 30, . ,
Yc
: => (. 4.32).

: \ D o c u m e n ts

and

S e t t i n g ^ A c tm in \

-1

Ro

4 5 4 3 - 7 1

=G. 0 0 7 3 5

= 5 2 9 8 7 .8 0 9 3 9 4

S = 6 1 5 0 4 .9 0 9 0 1 8

6 7 7 1 6 0 5 .0 3 4 3 1 7

= .000000

Yc

1 1 .5 9 5 8 0 4

2 =

3 0 .0 3 3 0 7 0

V
<

. 4.32
, Yc 24,48 11,59 .
42 100
. ,
84 (0, -8 0 )
(. 4.33).

260

=> => =>


.
, ,
- 00, - 0.0. .
,
Yc
: => (. 4.34).
,

.

.

: 100
98 .

: \ D ocu m en ts

and

S e t t i n g s ' ^ \

Ro

40

4 5 4 3 - 7 1

= 0 .0 0 7 8 2 5

4 8 6 7 2 .3 2 4 0 5 6

6 4 0 8 8 0 .2 4 2 177

V =

62 2 0 1 0 5 . 3 1 0 6

= 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0

Yc

= -0 .1 2 5 0 6 3

Zc

= S 0 .0 3 6002

<J

>

. 4.34
:4
40.1 40.5. : => .

1
1, .
,
(. 4.35).
: =>
=> .
.
,

261

: \ D ocum en ts

and

S e t t in g s \A d m in \

40

Re = 0 . 0

= 4 3 .3

V =

4 5 4 3 - 7 1

6 4 0 3 5 .5
6 2 3 1 1 3 6 .6

= .

Yc

= 0 .0

Zc

= 8 0 .0

Ml

4.35

.
: => => =>
nnocicocTbZY. .
- -1(. 4.36).

. ,

. 4.36

262


,
. .

4.3.

.
, .

. 12 ,
3x5 . . 4.37
.

. 4.37

263

16.
3505 .
,
, ,
.

- ,
. ,

.
.
,
,
.

, .
: => => .
. => .
_ ,
,


, . 1 .
=> => => .
X - 1 .
.
J*
.

.
, 2,
: (, 80); ( 100, 80); ( 100, 25);
(150, 25); (150, 0).
Esc .
(. . 4.37).
25 , - 16.

. .
.
n?i0CK0CTbZX => . _

: (0, 0); (0, 2 ); ( - 10, 57); (-2 0 , 57),
1 . (. 4.38).

264

:
.
: => =>
-
:2.
? ,
,
: => => .
:2
.
, 1 3
.
(. 4.39).
: 1 :2 (
),
.
.
=> : => =>
=> . :
, , - 4.
1(. 4.40).

.



.

: => .

. 4.40

(-1 2 4 , 0.0), - 40, - 40.


E nter. 10
(. 4.41).

266

. 4.41

. ,
(-1 5 , 00) 30 Enter.
=> => => .
:3,
:4.
.
, 2 4, *1
(. 4.42).

. 4.42

267


=> => .
, (144, 8) => - 57 =>
- 40 => Enter. .
, (48, 7.5) => - 57 => - 40 =>
Enter (. 4.43).

. 4.43

=> => => .


.
. -1
(. 4.44).

. 4.44

268


.
: => .
5
2 Enter,
,
,
. => => =>
.
: , ,
40, .
... (. 4.45).




=> => .
1,8 ,
.
~\, .

,

,
1 (. 4.46).

. 4.46

269


,
.
1 . . => => .
.
: 1 2
4, N1 N2 20 8.
Enter.
.

. 2
( - 8, -1 4 ), Enter. (^
.
=> => => .
: => => - 4 =>
-* (. 4.47).

160 2
4 .


.
, "tp, .
,

270

( - 6 5 , - 9 ) 3 . Enter. => =>


=> . :
=> => - 3 => - 0.0 => .


=> => .

:3.
30,
- .
,

(. 4.48).

. 4.48
15 ,

. ,
, ,
4^., -1 (. 4.49).

271


O O Q O Q Q O O

OQOeseea

. 4.49


=> => .
1, .
6 .
:
, .
j^ l
, .
16 4784-97, .
: => .
2,
(. 4.50).
, 587,88 .
5005 .
. ,
3 2,7 .
:

272

: \ D ocu m en ts

and S e t t

A d it tin \

16
4 7 8 4 - 9 7
Ro = 0 . 0 0 /

= 5 8 7 .8 8
5 = .0 6 2
V = 211466 . 67
= 6 1 . 2 1
Yc = - 0 . 0 1

Zc = - 1 6 . 9 4

. 4.50
: 1 ,
.
3 2,7 .
: => . , 555 .
,
4 2,7 . .
,
: 1 ,
. !
4 2,7 .
, (. 4.51).

: D ocum ents

and S e t t A d m i n \

4 7 8 4 - 9 7
Ro = 0 . 0 0 r /

= 4 9 7 . 3
3 = 1 3 5 0 7 . 2 6 2
V = 1 7 8 8 9 3 . 6 9
= 6 1 . 1 1
Yc = - 0 . 0 0
2 = - 1 8 . 0 5
V

. 4.51

273

, 497,32
.
.
. => =>
=> -*1(. 4.52).


(-1)

!

"i'

Si

zx

"

ZV

^; \ 0cbZ

+ 0

:1

: 1

0---()
Q

:1

[+ |-[ )
+

^
Q


: 1
:2
: 1

iL
| ~

. 4.52
. ,
,
, .

4.4.

.
.
, ,
,
, , 3 .
.
-

274


( , )
( 3 ).
. . 4.53
, .


93

. 4.53

275


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

: .
3 .
2 .
.
.

.
7. .
8. .
9. .
,
.
, , ,

,
,
,
.
1.
: . =>
=> . . => .
_ ,
,

, .
, 2
: (0, 0); ( - 120, 0);
(-1 2 0 , 120); (120, 120); (120, 0); (0, 0). 25x45 (. 4.54).

"\
__

2W

. 4.54
=> => => => =>
=> - 150 => - 1 (. 4.55).

276

. 4.55
2.

3 . . -

KOCTbZX => => ^|.

,
. 1 . => =>
=> . X Y 1 .
.
.
. 4.56 : (0, 0);
(90, 0); (90, -11); (80, -11); (80, -18); (10, -18); (10, -34); (22, -34); (22, -1 2 4 ).
_ , (28, -130); (28, -150); (0, -150);
(0, 0). Esc.

: (105, -130); (75, -130); (75, -110); (105, -118); (105, -1 3 0 ). Esc.

: (105, -58); (85, -50); (85, -34); (105, -27 ); (105, -5 8 ). Esc.
4 2,5 , . 4.56.
,
.
,
, .
.

277

. 4.56

=> => => =^>


.

. 4.57

(. 4.57).

278

3.
2 .
(), .
23 (34, 34),
Enter (. 4.58).


. 4.58
, ,
.
(-9 0 , 0,0), 80 40.
16 (. 4.59).
=> => => .
4.

W

:3.


90
.
,
.

,

. 4.59

. .

(. 4.60).

, ()

279

. 4.60
. 23
(-3 4 , 34) + Enter (. 4.61).

. 4.61
,
(. . 4.58),
. 23 (90, -1 0 )
. => => .
.

280

:5.

.
,
.
, . *1(. 4.62).

4.
10
. .
. *
3 : (-1 0 6 , 0); (-1 0 6 , 26); (-1 6 , 40).
16
(. 4.63).

281

,
.
5 (106, 0) .
=> => .
:7.
1
(. 4.64).

5.
. .
.
: (-8 5 ,1 2 0 ) (-1 5 , 82) + Enter. => =>
=> .
, -^, ,
, 4^.,
Esc.

: 1,

=> => 4 =>
Enter. ,
,


=> =>
=> .

.
80.
(. 4.65).
. 4.65

282



, .
00 00 16.
10 (90, 0) (. 4.66).

100
. 4.66
=> => => .
. 1
20. - 1 (. 4.67).


,
=> => .
02.
, D 40,0; 120,0; 10,0.
(-9 0 , -5 0 )
Enter => -* -1(. 4.68).
,
=> => .
02.
, D 40,0; 120,0; 10,0.
(90, -4 8 )
Enter => .

283


=> .
, .
- 1(. 4.69).

284

. 4.69

,


=> =>
.
05.
H I , D, d
5,0; 30,0; 130,0 18,0.

.

. 4.71

. 4.70


(34, 34)
Enter => - -1(. 4.70).


=>
=> .

05.
1,
D, d 5,0; 44,0; 150,0
20,0.
(90, 90)
Enter =>
1
(. 4.71).

285


.
=> => .

,
5, - 45.
,

.
.

.
,
8
. 4. 72
.

*- (. 4.72).
6.

.
, .
. => => .
,


.
:!.
: => =>
. 4 (,
): : 1, :3, :4.
.

N2 4
,

:!. .


: => =>
.

(. 4.73).
7.

. 4.73

286

, , , ,
3 .
,
(1 ) , .
.
=> => .
,
2 - 0,001 ( ).
7 . :
( ),
. ,
.
, 25 .
1,
. ,
Q . 7 .
,
25 . (. 4.74).

. 4.74
.
,
.

: => => .

287

ILiocicocTbZY.
-1 (. 4.75).

. 4.75

,
: => => .
: 6 2.
.
,

,

(. 4.76).
L(m in) = 1,93 .
3 ,
,
. , .
. .
: 1,
.
Y ( -5 0 -5 2 )
. 25 .
,
Y (-1 0 4 2, (- 1 0 4 /2 )) .
-

288

. 4.76
. => => ,

L(m in) = 3,84 (. 4.77).
{

L (m in )

= 3 . S4

L []
= S 3 . 63

L (m in )
dx

- 0 .

dy

-3 .6 6

ds

1 .1 6

L []
dx

- 6 G .4 7

dy

-0 .4 9

ds

7 1 .4 8

V-

< i

2_

. 4.77
,
, .
,
.

289

. 4.78.
, ,
,
. ,
, ,
, ,
,
(. 4.79).

E s 4 l]
a ~ j - ()
:1

:!

: 1

!
....

1-

3:3

....

:4

; 15

: 1
;

:2

(q J :4

: 14

[ | :3

|g > (-1)

: 1

;!
:!

[ 0 :!
; 1

:!

. 4.79

:5
:
:2
:7
:8
: 1

:9
* : 1
: 10
: 1
: 11

: 12

:1

: 13

!-

: 1


\
- @

I"

:14
:3
: 15
:4
;!
: 1
: 1
;!
: 1

. 4.78

45
1050-88.
,
.

^
.
45 1050-88,
.

290

: => .
2,
. , 47,54 .
: =>
=> => .
.
14 ,
, 15 .
.


,
, , .
.
, :
=> => .
(-5 0 , 90) Enter.
10.0, ,
, . =>
=> => .
. 2.
, . -1
(. 4.80).

. 4.80
, ,
,
, , ,
.

2 9 1

4.5.
-

.
: => => .
: => => =>
=> . 1 .
. . 2.104-2006.
, F9.
: => => .
.
3 . ,
, .
.
(. 4.81).

.-.

'


IS -

. 4.81

11 "

292

, , ,

, .
,
.
, ,
. ,
, , .



- 1, : => => .

.
. ,
. - (. 4.82).

(, , ).
.

. 4.82




,
(. 4.83).

[* I [ - | |^|

*^

^ I

1(^1 D I ||][[ ~ 0 7 |128.597

: /


...
,,,

S
00 ,,.

| ^ % >

,
,
.
,

-,
.

293

4.6.

. 4.83

,
.
(427-347 . .).
, ,
,
.
, .

( ),

,
.
: , , ,
.

.

(. 4.84).

.

(. 4.85).
. 4.84

294

.
(. 4.86).

.
(. 4.87).
.
(. 4.88).

. 4.87

. 4.88

. 4.1 5 ,
-, D - , .

295

4.1

3
3
4
3
5

3
4
3
5
3

4
8
6
20
12

4
6
8
12
20

0,7071067xD
D/2
0,7071067xD
0,618034/2
1,309017xD

6
12
12
30
30

4 .6 .1 .

100 .
,
, - . => => .
. => => => =>
. .
3. .
00, - 0,0 Enter.
: => => => .
, 70,71067
(0,7071067xD . 4.1), Enter => *1=>
Esc. : =>
=> . . => => =>
. : 1
1=> => => (. . 4.84).
,
: => => .
6.
,
. ,
,
.
, .
,
50%, .

4 .6.2 .
,
,
.
.

296

=> => . .
=> => .
4.
. 00,
- 0,0 Enter. . =>
=> => . ,
50 (D /2 . 4.1),
Enter =>
1=> Esc.
: => => . .
=> => => .
: 1
1=> => =>
(. 4.89).

. 4.89
=> .
.
,
-1 (. . 4.85).
: => => .
,
12
(. 4.90).
,
,
.

4 .6 .3 .


L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
L8
L9
L10
L11
L12

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

7 0 - 7 1 0 6 7 8
7 0 - 7 1 0 6 7 8
7 0 . 7 1 0 6 7 8
7 0 - 7 1 0 6 7 8
7 0 - 7 1 0 6 7 8
7 0 . 7 1 0 6 7 8
7 0 . 7 1 0 6 7 8
7 0 . 7 1 0 6 7 8
7 0 . 7 1 0 6 7 8
=
7 0 . 7 1 0 6 7 8
=
7 0 . 7 1 0 6 7
=
7 0 . 7 1 0 6 7 8

= 8 4 8 . 5 2 8 1 3 7

. 4.90

, .
, ,
,

297

. => => .
. => =>
. 50
. => => =>
. 1 50
0,0. *1 (. . 4.86).
,
.

4 .6.4 .
- ,
. 5 .
1. D D.
2. 0,618034xD/2.
3. 0,618034xD /2
36.
4. .
5. .

.
1. . => => .
. => => .
50
. => => => .
50 0,0.
-* (. 4.91).

=> . ,
, 5, 50 0,0.
Enter. . => =>
=> .
0,618034x50 Enter. ( 0,618034
.) ,
30,9017.
.
-1 Esc (. 4.92).
2. .
:1 : => .
. => => => .
:2
1 (. 4.93).
3. .

. , -

298

. 4.92

. 4.93

, =>
. ,
, 5, 50 0,0,
Enter. .
,
36
(. 4.94).

299

=> => => .


0,618034x50 Enter.
.

1
Esc. ,
.
:2 =>
.
. => => =>
.
:4, |
.
(. 4.95).
4.

.
,

. => =>
.

Esc.

:!, - .
,

. 4.95

300



, ,
. => =>
.
,


.

Esc.

:1
=> .
60
.
=> => =>
.
,
, 2
2 0 0,0. --*
(. . 4.96).
5
. => =>
. : 1.

:!, N2
5. (. 4.97).

. 4.97

301

5.
.
,
. => => .
,
.
Esc.
:2 =>
. 60
. => => =>
. ,
10 0,0.
-1 (. 4.98).

. 4.98
5 . =>
=> .
:2.

: 1, N2 5. .

: => => (. 4.99).
80%,
, .

302

. 4.99

: => =>
.
7.
20 ,

(. 4.100).
,
,
.

4 .6 .5 .



.
50
l,309017xD
26,56509. ,
,

4- .

L1

= 53. 7735255

L2

= 53. 7735252

L3

= 53. 7735252

L4

= 53. 7735252

L5

= 53. 7735252

L6

= 5 S . 77S52 55

L7

= 5 S . 77SS2S5

LS

= 5 S . 7785252

L9

= 5 S . 77S5252

L10

= 56 .7 7 8 5 2 5 2

L 11

= 56 .7 7 8 5 2 5 2

L12

= 58 .7 7 8 5 2 5 2

L 13

= 58 .7 7 8 5 2 5 2

L 14

= 58 .7 7 8 5 2 5 5

L 15

= 58 .7 7 8 5 2 5 5

L16

= 58 . 7 7 8 5 2 52

L 17

= 58 . 7 7 8 5 2 52

L1S

= 58 . 7 7 8 5 2 52

L19

= 58 .7 7 8 5 2 55

L2 0

= 58 .7 7 8 5 2 55

1 1 7 5 . 5 7 0 5 G 67

< |1

. 4.100

303

=> => . .
=> => .
5.
.
50 0,0. Enter. .
=> => => .
,
1,309017x100 => Enter. 1 ,
26,56509 Enter => -1(. 4.101).

. 4.101


=>
. 5.
.
50 36. .
=> => => .
,
1,309017x100 => Enter. 1 ,
26,56509. Enter.
.
: => =>
(. 4.102).
.
.
: ,
,
80% (. 4.103).

304

. 4.102

. 4.103

4.7.

,

, -. ,
, 10 5 , - 5x107 .
: , ,
. , ,
.
- - .
.
, ,
. ,
, ,
, , .
,
.
.

4.7.1 .
, , ,
.
, ,

305

, 11 ,
0,011 .
=> => . . =>
=> => .
, .
=> => => .
0,011. ,
, .
, ,
10 1050, 0,0012
, .
: => .
8,
(. 4.104).

I-----------

0 3 .0 4 .2 0 1 0

Ron

. 1 /

3 = 8 . 3 5 9 9 0 2 7 4 2

V =
=

Zc =

. 5 3 5 3

.
- 6 0 . 19O 20G 7G
5 .5 4 6 3 0 6 7

. OOSSOOOO

. 4.104
,
GO ST type , 5 53,23x10 6.
, ,
3,07106.

306


.
, .
, .
=> => . .
=> => .
25, . =>
=> => .
30.
0,00001 + Enter -- 1
(. 4.105).
,
,
10 1050,
0,0012 ,
.
: => .
0,000039 . .
. 4.105
.
=> => .
.
.
0,35 5 .
. -1=> => =>
=> . 1
0,011.
,
(. 4.106).

. 4.106
,
.
: => .
0,004169 . : 0,004186 - 0,000039 = 0,004147 .

307

, 90. 4,58105 .
, , 650 . , ,
29.77
.


.
.
=> => . . 7
=> => => .
.
Times N ew Roman, 20
.
.
, 15 . => => =>
.
180. , ,
1
(. 4.107).

. 4.107


,
. .
=> => . . ZX =>
=> => . .
,
. => => => .
20
: 2, -1

308

Esc. : 1 =>
=> => . .
,
. => => => .
: - - 11=> F9
(. 4.108).

. 4.108


.
,
. 90.
=> => . . 7
=> => . .
100 340
. => => => .
0.
, ,
. n n 0CK0CTbZX => =>
=> => .
.

( - 155,10).
Arial. 40.
. K O M nA C-3D
-1 Esc (. 4.109).

309

-
. 4.109

.
, .
1 2
( - 220, -5 0 ) (220, -5 0 ), - 0,0, Enter.
=> => => .
90.
, ,
1=>
=> => .
XYZ (. 4.110).

:
, , 90%; - 40%
- 0%.

310

4.7.2 .
0,001 ,
.
. , 0,01
, 0,00001 , .
, ,
40 ? , ! .
=> => . . 2
=> => .
90.
f * ,
, 20
(. 4.111).
=> => => .
, 360.
, ,
0,00001 .
80% (. 4.112).
. ,
,
10 1050, 0,001,
, .

. 4.112

311

: => .
8 (. 4.113).

R o u = O.OQIOOOOO

= . 0 0 0 5 0 2 7

S =

= 0 .0 5 0 6 5 5 1

Sc

= 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Yc

= 0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 5 3 .10179S95

Zc = . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
V

u si

lSj I.

. 4.113
,
40 50,2710-6 . ,
, ,
.

4.7.3.
,
0,4 . 6
400 .
30x400 0,0004.
=> => . .
=> => => .
n,h -
. 10.
30, 2 400 =>

1=> F9 (. 4.114).
: => =>
.
:!, , -f^.,
Esc.
: 1, .
0,0004, -

312

Enter ( )
( ).
(199,978; -1 0 ,0 ),
, .
- ,
.
=> => => .
: 1 :2.
. ,
-. ,
,

.
( ),
.
50 (. 4.115).

. 4.115

313

, .
, ,
10 1050,
0,001
, Enter => .
: => .
10 (. 4.116).

||

Rou

= 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

= 0 . OOG OG OS598

S = 3 .4 9 6 5 7 4 2 0 3

V = 0 .0 0 0 8 5 9 8 0 8 3

= 0 .1 5 4 7 6 5 5 5 1 3

Yc

= -5 .8 8 7 3 4 9 0 7 2 4

Zc

6 .4 3 5 7 6 1 8 0 5 9

v|
>

. 4 .1 1 6

, 0,86x10-6. 3,5
, (3,07x10 6).
: => => .
,
2. : 1
- 6,76 .
12,65x10 8/.
( 40 . ), 5,09 .

4.7.4.
,
,
. 70-
969-,
100 , 180 .
18 .

969-, .

314

,
. ,
, ,
. .
1:1000, 1 = 1 .
=> => . .
=> => .
(0,0; 80), 100, 2 (0,0; 80).
Enter , ,
F9 .
,
. --* (. 4.117).
.

. : =>
=> (. 4.118).

: => => .
180 . 1000 .
, , : =>
. 1000,
Enter
. F9
. : => =>
. 180 .


=> => => .

.

.
(. 4.119).

,

/ 3 (0,001292 - 0,000178 = 0,001114).

,
10 1050
, / 3 0,000001114 (/ 3),
,
Enter => .
:
=> . ,
,
.

,
2, (. 4.120).

315

. 4.119

Rou

1 .1 1

7 2 6 8 6 7 .9 0

3 9 1 4 9 .0 8

6 5 2 4 8 4 .6 5

0.00

2
3

Yc

1 1 7 .6 9

0 . 0 0

<

>

. 4.120
:
- 39 149,08 2;
- 652 484,65 3;
- (726 867,9 9,81) = 7 130 574,099 = 7 130 574 = 713 .

316


.
: .
.
,
1 0,018 . :
0,000001114 0,0009.
,
10 1050 , / 3
0,0009 (/ 3), ,
Enter => .
: =>
(. 4.121).

= 9 0 0 .0 0

Rq u

S
V

Yc
Zc

=
=
=
=
=

6 3 4 .2 2
7 8 2 9 8 . 1 9 2
0 . 7 0 3
0 .0 0
1 1 3 .5 9
0 .0 0
V

___

lU-

. 4.121
,
634,22 0,7 3.

4.7.5 .

(Z -orbit) 1973 .
.
, ,
.
(, 1,28 / 3),
, .

317

3,2 , - 1,8 .
550 20 ,
. - 80 .
,
.
, ,
, .
=> => . .
=> => => => => .
3200 ,
, F9 .
800 .
: => => =>
. ,
270 .
.
550 : => => =>
. (275, 0)
E nter (. 4.122).

,
: => => => ,
3 . ,
.
(. 4.123).

318

,
,
1 .

(. 4.124).

: => => (. 4.125).


: => =>
=> . .

319

,
2 .
F9 - (. 4.126).



: - 30%, - 20%,
- 90%,
,
.

1
(. 4.127).


2
2 0
7 0 0 30
=> => F9.
. 4.127
: =>
=> => . 1800
, .
=> => => .
60 .

320

( )
(. 4.128).

7 0 0 60
=> => => .
, 700
60.
: => =>
(. 4.129).

. 4.128

. 4.129


3 0 0
11
:
=> ,
. => =>
. 30,
- 11.

,

.

(. 4.130).

4 130

321

11

=> => =>
.

, 20.


,
2.
*- (. 4.131).

. 4.131

:
=> => => => => =>
F9. .
, - 90 (
) (. 4.132).
: => =>
=> .

: 1.
.

N2 6, 2
30. ,
2
.

--------- 7

"

. 4.132

,
,

.
(. 4.133).

,
2 .
2,8 .

-

322

. 4.133
, 0,00128 / 3:
.
10 1050 , /3
0,00128, , Enter =>
.
: => .
3, , - .
(. 4.134).
, 114,621 ,
: = -0,008 , Yc = 0,014 , Zc = 0,004 .
. 4.135.
, 3
.
80 .
, ,
2 1,5 , .
:
: 1
.
2 1,5 .
: => (. 4.136).

. = 87,399 , : = -0,011 , Yc = 0,019 , Zc = 0,005 .

(-1)
()
XV
.|-
ZV
.
. V

.:1
&
:1
*
. :2
g :1
Pi :3

>

323

3-

:\7
:

ZK

.....S S

Rou =

1 8 0 .0 0 0

%\

..... \

1 1 4 .621

8 7 .0 1 4

= 0 .0 9 0

[b t

.
&

<31.7

_ iUL .. .1

. 4.134

- 0
|1|1 (-1)

0 J-

()

SB IV
\

: 1

:!

1~ :2
:1
- :3
-^

:!

. 4.135
80 , ,
.
, 1,37 .
:

324

Rou

1 3 0 . . /

= 8 7 .3 9 9

= 8 7 .0 0 4

V = 0 .0 6 6

= -0 .0 1 1

= 0 .0 1 9

Sc

= 0 .0 0 5

< 1

>

. 4.136

: 1
.
1,5 1,37 .
: => (. 4.137).

Ron

== 1 2 6 0 . 0 0 0

II = S O . 3 2 3

S = S 7 .0 G 1

V = 0 .G 6 3

= -0 .0 1 2

Yc

= 0 .0 2 1

Zc

= 0 .0 0 5

<

. 4.137

, 80,323 ,
, 1,37 .
.
:
=> => .

325

.
-- 1 (. 4.138).

. 4.138

5.1.
.......................................... 328
5.2.

....................................... 331
5.3.
.............................................334
5.4.
... 337
5.5.

.................... 341
5.6. ... 353

328

,
-
30 . KOMPAS-3DV12_
Demo Setup.exe.
:
;
.
.
. .

(. 5.1).

. 5.1
(
) .
1. : .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .

5.1.
=> => . : =>
KOMHAC-3D => .
HiocKOCTbZX => .

329

. , . 5.2.

=> => =>


.
,
... -
. 10.
-1(. 5.3).
8
8 .
=> .
8 ,
, (0, 70).

: => =>
. 5.3
- 12
(. 5.4).
=> => =>

(. 5.5).

.

330

. 5.4

. 5.5

.
=> => => 2 => .
, . 5.6.
=> => => .
,
... - . 10.
. 12 8 ,
(. 5.7).
.

. 5.6

331

5.2.


: => => . 4.
: => => ....
.
.
1 ; 1

1:2, () .
(. 5.8).

. 5.8

332

: =>
=> .
.
,
(
).
(. 5.9).

. 5.9

333

.
, .
.
,

(. 5.10).

125

17)

1 &' /

11

10 0 .0 2

V 1850-88

/kjcm

<

tbccQ


. 5.10

1
1

334

5.3.
K O M IIA C-3D - ,
, , ,
. ,
.
, ,
. :
, - . ,
(12 ) .
.
,
, .
.
.
. ( )
. :
.
.

. 40
4543-7 => => .
: F5 => Ctrl+S.
.

, .
, ,
.
: => => .
.
.
.
.00.00
, YZX.
,

: => => .
. : =>
.
, ,


, ,
(. 5.11).

- eg

i * i i

335

\ |; ^ iq <i
0 U I -

- Ego - I
1.

. ( )
so

(-Q, -1)
S - jE l

<

()

>

. 5.11
: =>
. ,
,
, (. 5.12).

336

(. 5.13).
.
1.
]

.
2.

te Es -
j g ^ (-Oj -2)
S - J 0 -

()

(-)

<

>

. 5.13

: =
=> .
| .

, ,
, ,
(. 5.14).

<Esc> .

.
.

F5 .

.
- ,
, ,
.
, :

. 5.14

, , .

_^ : => => .
,
, . .
.
^ 1 : =>
=> .
,

.
.
(. 5.15).

337

. 5.15

5.4.


12 , ,
. .
1. M8-6gx32 7805-70.
2. .8.31 11371-78.
3. 8-6 5915-70.
4. 12
-
.
j : =>


=> => .
5
/

S ^
(. 5.16).
^
:
- /
=> =>
- 9650-30
- ?
. 7805-70
- (>
(.1) .
- ^

- / 92
: - 8, 1,25, - 32 - 13
. 5.16
(. 5.17).


. ,

1
.

338
7805-70 ( 1)
|
[

| +

148 30

13

149 32

13

150 32

13

151 35

13

152 35

13

153 33

13

Ij25

1,25

Ij25

. 5.17
,
(. 5.18).

. 5.18
,
.
, ~\,
. .
(. 5.19).

.

339

,
4 ^ , .
, ,
. .
(. 5.20).

. 5.19
.
: =>
=> => .
.
: => .
11371-78
(.1).



,

8 (
)
. 5.21
.

-1 ,
(. 5.21).

(
)
. 5.22

(. 5.22).

340

8-6 5915-70.
: => =>
=> .
.
: => =>
.
5915-70 (.1).

,
: - 8,
- 1,25 - 13.


1
(. 5.23).
. 5.23

(
)
(. 5.24).

11 .
F5 , :
=> =>
.

: , , .



.
N2 12.
, 2
360
.
.

: => =>
.
(. 5.25).

,

. 5.25
.

341

5.5.


.
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
1.
. => => .
.
4 :
=> => .
.
, , ,
, , , (. 5.26).

. 5.26

342

.
, ,
i
-
.
1:4, 3
(. 5.27).
,
.

5300

.100.00
.'.'.'

. 5.27

343

2. .
, , - .
.
,
, ,
.
(. 5.28).
3. .
: => => -

I
.
. IMF ffm


.
. 5.28

11

344

=> .
: => => .
,
.

.
(. 5.29).

. 5.29

345

, , ,
, .
,
. .
- ,
(. 5.30).
, .

33 9

-5b?

. 5.30

$75

346

4.
.
, , . .

, => 1:2.
.

(. 5.31).

. 5.31

347

,

:
, ,

. .
: =>
=> .
,
(. 5.32).
5. .


.

.
=> .
.
,
. =>
=> .
. ,
-...
, .
, ,
(. 5.33).
5 -,
Ctrl ,

- (. 5.34).
: => .
, ,
4 (. 5.35).
6. .
. => => => .
,
60, .
,
(. 5.36).
.
200
(. 5.37).
.

348

. 5.33

JUJ

j,

. 5.34

. 5.35

349

350

2<]

(*

...

f*

"

1160

...

45


" *

16
~
;

GK

>>

. 5.36

7. .
: =>
=> . : * .
.
, ,
: 1*
,
. .
.
, ,
, ,
11
*

^
/$} { ?
, ,
, ,
.

.

351

. 5.37
. 1:2,
1 .
-1 (. 5.38).

352

. 5.38

353

5.6.
.
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
=> => . ,
. : =>
=> => .
(. 5.39).

| 1
.... I

S f l l i l l

1 1

iTll
. 5.39
,
,
(. 5.40).

.
. ,
(. 5.41).
.

(. 5.42).

.


: .
. 5.40
: => => =>
. .
.
.
. , -

354
3D V1 2 B eta (b u ild 4 5 2 )
'"


(^Documents and Settings^^ ^ 3D 12\^ bi.cdw?

....

. 5.41

1 1

[
. 5.42

. .
(. 5.43).

1 1

flip

.100.000

.100.01

. 5.43

: => => .
.
.
. ,
. .
2- .

355

. => => =>


(. 5.44).

1
I 1

2 .100.01

4 100.02

/
/


. 5.44
: => =>
=> .
. : => =>
. 7805-70( .1)
. :
- 32, - 8, - 13 - 1,25.

. : => =>
=> .
. : => =>
. 5915
70(.1). :
- 8, - 1,25 - 13.
: => => =>
. .
: => =>
10450-78.
8 => .
(. 5.45).

356

1 1 1

..

I
ij_

2 .100.01
4 .100.02

1
1

11

- 1
118- 6 -7 0 1
8.31 1137- 78
. 5.45

.
, =>
. : , -
, , 3, 4 5 - .
12.
.
: => .
^
(. 5.46).
.

357

'=i S

1 1

i f

-:

/ . 100.01

.100.02

/
/


4 1 12
fe rn 8 - iW 5915-79 12
W 71-78 12

J
1
.

4
5

=
=-1

1
-_-

,..

t o !! Satan. .
?. 7'gjsS
.
fl'M tnimts

. 1 0 0 .0 0 0 1

tim

f lm .


ssm si

for

1 1

_________________

. 5.46

fistssi
f


2010 .
, :
- - V12, ;
- - V12,
;
- 2010
;
- KOMPAS- V12,
.

. :
, ,
- , ,
.
,
, .
,
:
;
;
;
;
;
(, );
.
- -
. -
, .
, ,
-. - ,
,
h ttp ://su p p o rt.a sc o n .n i


1. . . - .: , 2002. - 444 .
2. - -: . . - .:
, 2 0 0 1 .-4 7 4 .
3. . .
AC-3D LT 5.11: . . .: , 2004. - 220 .
4. . . - LT. - .:
, 2005. - 184 .
5. . . - V7: . - .: , 2005. - 384 .
6. . . - V8. - .: , 2007. - 392 .
7. . . -: . . - .:
, 2008. - 445 .
8. . . - V I 1 + . - .:
, 2010. - 776 .


- ,
: 123242, ,
/ 20 : orders@alians-kniga.ru.
(),
; ,
. .
Internet-: www.alianskniga.ru.
: . (495) 258-91-94, 258-91-95;
books@alians-kniga.ru.


KOMIIAC-3D V12 + DVD

. .

dm @ dm k-press.ru

. .
. .
. .

19.05.2010. 70x100 16.


. .
. . . 45. 1000 .

W eb- : www.dmk-press.ru

Вам также может понравиться