Constant head method

1. Open the control valve and allow water to flow into the tank and obtain a steady discharge
through the orifice
2. Fix the ruler horizontally, parallel and close to the jet of water, with the zero reading on the
plane of the orifice.
3. Record the steady water level H in the tank
4. Measure the horizontal distance x between points A and B (Shown in Figure) in the water jet.
5. Collect the outflow in a time interval t and measure the volume V
6. Adjust the flow rate by the control valve and repeat steps 3 to 5 for different steady flow rates
(Minimum of 6 values recommended)
7. Measure the vertical distance y between points A and B in the water jet
8. Record the diameter D of the orifice

Falling head method
1. Close the flow through the orifice, fill the tank with water and record the water level H
2. Start the flow through the orifice and record the water levels at different times.
3. Measure3 the cross sectional dimensions of the tank