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f(x h) f(x)
h 0
h
Dk
f(x h) f(x)
; k 1, 2, 3,
h
D n f ' (x)
(k 1, 2, 3, ..., n)
Recta Tangente
y= 1.7183x + 1
y= 1.2974x + 1
y= 1.1361x + 1
f k e1 h k e
hk
1. 0.100000000000000
2.
0.010000000000000
3
0.001000000000000
4
0.000100000000000
5
0.000010000000000
6
0.000001000000000
7
0.000000100000000
8
0.000000010000000
9
0.000000001000000
10
0.000000000100000
11
0.000000000010000
12
0.000000000001000
13
0.000000000000100
14
0.000000000000010
15
0.000000000000001
16
0.000000000000000
17
0.000000000000000
18
0.000000000000000
19
0.000000000000000
20
0.000000000000000
0.285884195487388
0.027319186557871
0.002719641422533
0.000271841774708
0.000027182954199
0.000002718283187
0.000000271828196
0.000000027182818
0.000000002718282
0.000000000271828
0.000000000027183
0.000000000002718
0.000000000000271
0.000000000000027
0.000000000000003
0
0
0
0
0
D k e1 h k e /h k
2.858841954873879
2.731918655787080
2.719641422532781
2.718417747078483
2.718295419912309
2.718283186986525
2.718281963964842
2.718281777447373
2.718281599811689
2.718278935276430
2.718270053492233
2.718270053492233
2.713385072183883
2.664535259100376
2.664535259100376
0
0
0
0
0
|Dn+1-Dn|>|Dn-Dn-1|
Segundo Mtodo: FORMULA DE DIFERENCIAS CENTRALES (de orden O(h2))
Supongamos que f C3[a, b] y que x-h, x, x+h [a, b].
Entonces:
f ' ( x)
f(x h) f(x - h)
2h
D k / D k
2h k
2h k
hk
1.
2.
3
4
5
6
7
8
1.000000000000000
0.100000000000000
0.010000000000000
0.001000000000000
0.000100000000000
0.000010000000000
0.000001000000000
0.000000100000000
-0.603634336267164
-0.716161095069120
-0.717344135024456
-0.717355971340150
-0.717356089703913
-0.717356090884635
-0.717356090917942
-0.717356090640386
f ' (x) D k
f(x 10 -k h) f(x - 10 -k h)
, para k 0, 1, 2, , n
2 *10 -k h
f(x h k ) f(x) e1 h k e
Programa No. 2. Aproximaciones con D k
hk
hk
clear
clc
format long
for i=1:20
h(i)=10^(-i);
f(i)=exp(1+h(i))-exp(1);
d(i)=(exp(1+h(i))-exp(1))/h(i);
k(i)=i;
end
[k',h',f',d']
Programa No. 3. Aproximaciones con
Dk
2*hk
2*hk
clc;format long
h=1;
H(1)=h;
D(1)=(cos(0.8+h)-cos(0.8-h))/(2*h);
for i=1:2
h=h/10;
H(i+1)=h;
D(i+1)=(cos(0.8+h)-cos(0.8-h))/(2*h);
end
i=2;
%
while(abs(D(i+1)-D(i))<abs(D(i)-D(i-1)))
h=h/10;
H(i+2)=h;
D(i+2)=(cos(0.8+h)-cos(0.8-h))/(2*h);
i=i+1;
end
L=[H', D']