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JO U RN AL O F JIN L IN G IN S T IT U T E OF T ECHN OL OG Y

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2 009 6

Vol. 23 , N o. 2
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Hou Fang- yu and the Geisha Culture in the Southern Areas of the
Yangtze River from Late Ming Dynasty to Early Qi ng Dynasty
HU A N G Yu- yan, GE Hu a-i don g, ZHAN G J ian
( Ji nli ng Ins t it ut e of T ech nolog y, Nanj ing 21 00 01 , C hin a)

Abstract: Hou F ang- yu, on e of t he four gift ed s cholars at t he end of M ing dynasty, has experienced
frust rat ion in his lifet ime of dyn ast ic ch an ges, developing from an u nrest rained boy, to a you ng t alent
and to an old con fessant . He is t alen ted and gallan t but h as polit ical ambitions. Hou Fang- yu is
edified by t he spirit s of t he scholars and arts of th e sout hern areas of t he Yangt ze R iver from lat e
M ing D ynast y to early Q in g Dyn ast y. T h is p aper stud ies th e social atmosph ere in from lat e M ing
D ynas ty to early Q ing D ynas ty, and int erprets t he relationsh ip betw een H ou Fan g- yu an d th e cult
ure of th e sout hern areas of t he Y ang tze River wh en M in g Dy nast y replaces Q ing Dyn ast y.
Key words: spirit s of Xueyuan society; grace of Q ingh uai river; elegy for former dy nast ies
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