Topic: Explain the following

concepts
Underlying sales growth
USG reflects the change in revenue from continuing operations at constant rates of exchange,
excluding the effects of acquisitions and disposals. It is a measure that provides valuable
additional information on the underlying performance of the business. In particular, it presents
the organic growth of our business year on year and is used internally as a core measure of sales
performance.
Underlying volume growth
Underlying volume growth refers to the growth in physical volume of sales. "Underlying olume
Growth" or "UG" is part of USG and means, for the applicable period, the increase in turnover
in such period calculated as the sum of !"# the increase in turnover attributable to the volume of
products sold$ and !%# the increase in turnover attributable to the composition of products sold
during such period. UG therefore excludes any impact to USG due to changes in prices.
Underlying value growth
Underlying value growth !UG# refers to the basic growth in the value of a company, including
its assets, goodwill, etc.
Underlying volume growth (UVG)
&eflects volumetric sales variance over the period
&epresents the growth rate in terms of volume rather
than in terms of price
'rovides more realistic measure towards the
performance of the organi(ation)s sales function
Formula
USG= (Average Price current period-Average
Price previous period) !uantity sold in units
current period