ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

Purpose : to persuade by presenting arguments

to analyze or explain ‘how’ and ‘why’
Text Organization :
A thesis
Arguments
Reiteration or Conclusion

Language Features :
Emotive words (e.g. worried, alarmed etc)
Words that qualify statements (e.g. usual, Probably etc)
Words that link arguments (e.g. firstly, However, therefore etc)

An analytical exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to

persuade the listeners or readers that something is the case. To make the persuasion
stronger, the speaker or writer gives some arguments as the fundamental reasons why
something is the case. This type of text can be found in scientific books, journals,
magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc.
Analytical expositions are popular among science, academic community and educated
people. The generic structure of analytical exposition usually has three components:
(1) Thesis, (2) Arguments and (3) Reiteration or conclusion.

A.Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition

1. Thesis : Introduces the topic and shows speaker or writer’s position;
Outlines of the arguments are presented.
2. Arguments : It consists about Point and Elaboration
Point, states the main argument
Elaboration, develops and supports each point of argument
3. Conclusion : Reiteration (restatement), restates speaker or writer’s position

B. Generic Features of Analytical Exposition

1. An analytical exposition focuses on generic human and non human participants.
2. It uses mental processes. It is used to state what the writer or speaker thinks or
feels about something. For example: realize, feel etc.
3. It uses emotive and evaluative words
4. It often needs material processes. It is used to state what happens, e.g. ….has
polluted… etc.
5. It usually uses Simple Present Tense and Present Perfect Tense.
6. Enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the list of given arguments: Firstly,
secondly …, Finally, etc.
Analytical Exposition

Social Function (Tujuan / Fungsi Sosial)

To persuade the reader or listener that something is the case. (Untuk meyakinkan dan
mempengaruhi pembaca atau pendengar bahwa ada masalah yang perlu mendapat
perhatian)

Generic Structure (Struktur)

a. Thesis Position: Introduces topics and indicates writer’s position. (Memberitahukan

topic dan menunjukkan pendapat penulis).
b. Arguments Points : Menjelaskan argument dan elaborasi (dijelaskan secara
mendetail
c. Reiteration : Restates writer position : Menjelaskan kembali posisi penulis atau
penguatan kembali posisi penulis

Significant Lexicogrammatical Features (Ciri – ciri yang menonjol)

General nouns, misalnya car, pollution, leaded petrol car, dsb.· Abstract nouns, misalnya
policy, government, dsb.· Technical verbs, misalnya species of animals, dsb.· Relating
verbs, misalnya It is important, dsb.· Action verbs, misalnya She must save, dsb.·
Thinking verbs, misalnya Many people believe, dsb· Modal verbs, misalnya we must
preserve, dsb.  

· Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly, we, dsb.

· Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly,dsb.

· Bahasa evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, trustworthy, dsb.

* Kalimat pasif
Read the following text of Analytical Exposition!

The Importance of English

Thesis { I personally think that English is the world’s most important language. Why do I
say that?

Argument 1 { Firstly, English is an international language. It is spoken by many people

all around the world, either as a first or second language.

Argument 2 { Secondly, English is also the key which opens doors to scientific and
technical knowledge, which is needed for the economic and political development of
many countries in the world.

Argument 3 { Thirdly, English is a top requirement of those seeking jobs. Applicants

who master either active or passive English are more favorable than those who do not.

Conclusion { From the fact above, it is obvious that everybody needs to learn English to
greet the global era.

Notes:
1. Enumerations such as Firstly, secondly, thirdly etc are sometimes given to show
the list of given arguments
2. Present Tense: I think, English is international language, Everybody needs to
learn English etc.
Genres : Report

Social Function (Tujuan / Fungsi Sosial)

To describe the way things are with reference to a range of natural, man – made and
social phenomenon in our environment. (Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa
adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam,
lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala-gejala sosial)

Generic Structure (Struktur)

1. General Classification: tells what the phenomenon under discussion is

( Pernyataan secara umum yang menjelaskan tentang objek yang dideskripsikan.
Keterangan, dan klasifikasinya).
2. Description : tells what phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of parts,
qualities, habits, or behaviors (if living) or uses (if non-natural) (Memberikan
penjelasan tentang hal yang dideskripsikan. kalau hal yang dideskripsikan
merupakan benda hidup maka bisa dideskripsikan bgian – bagiannya, kualitasnya,
kebiasaanya, atau perilakunya. Kalau benda mati maka yang dideskripsikan
adalah kegunannya)

Significant Lexicogrammatical Features (Ciri – ciri yang menonjol)

a. Focus on generic participants : Fokus pada hal secara umum.

b. Use of Present Tense (Unless extinct) (Pengunaan Present Tense kecuali kalau
benda itu sudah punah