C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS.

NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang1 / 10

BI TP CHNG 7

7.1 Tc lan truyn ca song b mt vi bin nh trong khu vc c chiu su ng
nht c cho bi phng trnh:
2
2 2
tanh
2
g h
c
o t t
t
| |
|
\ .
= +

Trong h l chiu su ca cht lng ti khng b xo trn v l bc sng. S dng
L l di c trng v V l vn tc c trng, Hy xc nh cc nhm v th nguyn
c trng cho phng trnh.


hng trnh :
2
2 2
tanh
2
g h
c
o t t
t
| |
|
\ .
= + (1)
v th nguyn phng trnh trn ta chia tt c chiu di cho L v vn tc cho
V
0
. Ta k hiu :
0
, ,
h c
h c
L L V

- - -
= = =
Thay vo phng trnh (1), ta c :
2
2 2
0 0
2 2
tanh
2
gL h
c
LV V
o t t
t
- -
-
- -
| |
|
\ .
= +
Vy ta c 2 s v th nguyn :
2
0
LV
o

v
2
0
gL
V



7.6

Ta c :
1
2
DV
V p
Dt
+ O = V
Ta v th nguyn ha cc i lng trong phng trnh :
, , , ,
V p x V
V p x t t
V p L L
- -
- - -
O
= = O = = =
A O

Vi
.
DV V
V V
Dt t
c
= + V
c

Suy ra :

C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang2 / 10

2
. 2
L
V V
V
V p
V p
t V
-
- - - -
- -
-
c O
V +
A
+ O = V
c


Do c 2 s v th nguyn :
L
V
O
v
2
p
V
A


C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang3 / 10

7.8
Chn 3 i lng c th nguyn c lp l V, ,
Ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
3 2
1 3 2
MLT MLT
M L T
LT ML L
F
V A
o | | o | o | o

+

= = H=
Suy ra
= 2 , = 1 , = 1.
Vy
2
F
V A
H=
Do F ph thuc vo V
2
.

7.9
Ta c mi quan h
1 2
( , , , , ) p p p f V d D A = =
Chn 3 i lng c th nguyn c lp l D, V, .
Ta c :
( ) ( )
1 2 1 2
1 3
1 3
a b c b c c a b c b
a
p ML T ML T
D V M L T
L LT ML

+

A
H = = =
Suy ra : a = 0, b = 2, c = 1
Vy
1 2
p
V
A
H =
Tng t :
( ) ( )
1 1 1 1
2 3
1 3
a b c b c c a b c b
a
ML T ML T
D V M L T
L LT ML

+

H = = =
Suy ra : a = 1, b = 1, c = 1.
Vy
2
DV

H =
V
( ) ( )
3 3
1 3
a b c b c c a b c b
a
d L L
D V M L T
L LT ML

+

H = = =
Suy ra : a = 1 , b = c = 0.
Vy
3
d
D
H =
Cui cng ta c:
2
,
p d
f
V DV D

| |
|
\ .
A
=


C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang4 / 10

7.12 Cho vn tc c trng , u trong 1 ng, c th ph thuc vo ng sut tip
w
t ,
khong cch ti vch y v c tnh ca cht lng ,
Dng phng php phn tch th nguyn tm 1 s v th nguyn cha , u v y.
Ch ra kt qu c th vit li thnh

0
0
yu u
f
u v
| |
|
\ .
=
Gii:
Ta c
( , , , , ) 0
w
f u y t = .
Chn 3 i lng c th nguyn c lp l
y, ,
w
.
Ta c :
( ) ( )
1 1
1
1 3 2
2 3
w
a b c b c c b a b c b
a
u
y
LT LT
M L T
L ML T ML
t

+

H = = =
Suy ra :
a = 0, b = 1/2, c = -1/2.
Nn
0
1
/
w
u
u
u
t
= H =
Tng t :
( ) ( )
1 1 1 1
1
2 3 2
2 3
w
a b c b c c b a b c b
a y
ML T ML T
M L T
L ML T ML
t

+

H = = =
Suy ra :
a = 1, b = 1/2, c = 1/2.
Nn
0
2
/
w w
yu y y
v
t t

= = H =
Vy ta c :
0
0
yu u
f
u v
| |
|
\ .
=


7.38

1 khinh kh cu bay vi vn tc 20m/s trong iu kin bnh thng. hnh c t
l 1/20 cng nhit trong 1 hm gi. iu kin ng dng ng lc hc y l g.
Nu m hnh c test 75m/s, p sut trong hm gi l bao nhiu. Nu lc cn m
hnh l 250N th i vi thc t lc cn l bao nhiu ?
Gii:
C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang5 / 10

ng dng ng lc hc ta ng dng s Reynolds :
t m
VL VL

| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
=

Trong

t
=
m


V xt cng nhit v L
t
= 20 L
m
v V
t
= 20 m/s, V
m
= 75 m/s

Suy ra :
5.33
m m t t
m m t t
V L
V L


= =

Xt kh l tng ta c : p = RT suy ra :
Ta c :

m m
t t
p
p

=

=>
5
5.33 10 Pa
m t
m
t
p p

= =

Ta cng c :
2 2 2 2
t m
F F
V L V L
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
=
Suy ra
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
1334 N
t
m
m
t
V L
F F
V L

= =


7.41 Ngi ta o lc cn vi 1 m hnh ng c lm vic trong nc. t l m hnh l
1/3. Dn ra iu kin cn thit ng dng ng hc. Tm t l vn tc ca m hnh vi
nguyn mu. Vn tc m hnh trong qu trnh o c l 4m/s, lc cn m hnh l 182 N.
Tnh lc cn i vi nguyn mu nu n lm vic vn tc 90km/h trong khng kh.
Gii:
Tng t nh bi 7.38 ta cng ng dng ng lc hc theo s Reynolds
Ta cho T = 20
0
.
Ta c :
6
6
1 15.13 10
3.03
5 10
m t t
m m t
V L
V L
v
v

= = =

V
2 2 2 2
D D
t m
F F
V L V L
| | | |
| |
| |
\ . \ .
=

Nn ta c :
C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang6 / 10

( )
( )
2
2 2
2 2
1.2 25
5 214 N
998.2 4
182
t
Dm
m
Dt
V L
F F
V L

| |
|
\ .
= = =


7.45 1 cnh my bay vi chiu di dy cung l l=5ft v si cnh di s=30ft, c thit
k s dng trong iu kin khng kh bnh thng vi vn tc 230ft/s. 1 m hnh vi t
l 1/10 c test trong nc. Tnh vn tc cn thit ca m hnh trong nc t c
ng dng ng lc hc. Tm t l lc cn cnh my bay i vi m hnh v nguyn mu
Gii:
Trc tin ta d on quan h : ( , , , , ) F f l s V =
Nh vy s c nhng s v th nguyn sau :
2 2
,
s
F Vl l
f
V l s

| |
|
\ .
=
Chn T = 15
0
, ta c :
1.141
230 10 179 ft/s
14.65
t m
m t
m t
l
V V
l
v
v
= = =
V :
( )
( )
2
2
2
999.1 179 1
1.223 23010
4.94
t
m
t
m
ls
F
ls
V
F
V

| |
|
\ .
= = =
7.62
Trong 1 khong vn tc khng kh V, lc nng F, thc hin 1 m hnh my bay
trong hm gi ph thuc vo vn tc khng kh, khi lng ring khng kh v cc
thong s v chiu di ( di dy cung c = 150mm ). t qu th nghim c ghi nhn
trong khng kh iu kin p sut bnh thng
V (m/s) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
F (N) 2.2 4.8 8.7 13.3 19.6 26.5 34.5 43.8 54
V th lc nng v vn tc. c=5m, khong vn tc t 75m/s ti 250m/s

Ta c :

2 2
1
2
m m m m m L
F S C V k V = =



C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang7 / 10






Trn th ta thy k
m
= 0.021
ng dng ng lc hc, h s lc nng khng i, do ta c :
2
1111
t t t
m m m
k S c
k S c
| |
|
\ .
= = =
=> k
t
= 1111 k
m
= 23.33

V
m
(m/s) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
F
m
(N) 2.2 4.8 8.7 13.3 19.6 26.5 34.5 43.8 54.0
y = 0.021x
1.995

0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
F
m

(
N
)

Vm (m/s)
Lift and Speed for Airplane model
Fm
Power (Fm)
C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang8 / 10

Ta c bng sau cho vn tc v lc nng thc t :




Ta c th :



7.64
Ta c quan h : ( , , , ) Q f p D e = A
Chn 3 i lng c th nguyn c lp l
D, , .
Ta lp c quan h 2 s v th nguyn :
2 2 3
p Q
f
D D e e
| |
|
\ .
A
=





Da trn bng s liu ta nhn xt quan h 2 s v th nguyn c th l bc 2
2
2 2 3 3
b c
p Q Q
a
D D D e e e
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
+ +
A
=
Vi = 999 kg/m
3
, = 750 rpm = 78.53 rad/s = 282700 rad/hr, D = 1m
V
t
(m/s) 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
F
t
(kN) 131.2 233.3 364.5 524.9 714.5 933.2 1181.1 1458.1
Q(m
3
/hr) 0 100 150 200 250 300 325 350
p (kPa) 361 349 328 293 230 145 114 59
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
F
t

(
k
N
)

Vt (m/s)
Lift and Speed for Airplane Prototype
Ft
C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang9 / 10

Ta c bng


Ta v biu :


T th suy ra : a = -42268, b = 13.28, c = 0.058
Vy
2
2 2 3 3
13.28 0.058 44268
p Q Q
D D D e e e
| | | |
| |
| |
\ . \ .
+ +
A
=
- Vi = 500 rpm = 52.35 rad/s = 188460 rad/hr
Ta c bng :



- Vi = 1000 rpm = 104.7 rad/s = 376920 rad/hr
Ta c bng :


y = -42268x
2
+ 13.28x + 0.058
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0 0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.001 0.0012 0.0014

p
/
(

2
D
2
)

Q/(D3)
Pump Data and Trendline
Pump Data
Poly. (Pump Data)
Q/(D
3
)x10
-4
0 3.54 5.31 7.07 8.84 10.61 11.5 12.38
p/(
2
D
2
)x10
-2
5.86 5.66 5.32 4.76 3.73 2.35 1.85 0.96
Q(m
3
/hr) 0 25 50 75 100 150 200 250
p (kPa) 159 161 160 154 144 111 61 1
Q(m
3
/hr) 0 25 50 100 150 250 300 350
p (kPa) 635 642 646 640 616 518 444 353
C HC LU CHT THC GVHD: TS. NGUYN CH CNG
SV: HN CNG HUN SSV: 21101315 L V11H Trang10 / 10

Ta c th :




7.65
Ta c mi quan h : ( , , , , , ) Q f P h D e =

S dng ng dng th nguyn ta c :
3 5 2 2 3 2
, ,
P h Q
f
D D D D

e e e e
| |
|
\ .
=

Do :
3 3
3 3 3 3
2
m m m m
t t t t m t
Q D D Q
D Q D D
Q
D
e
e e e
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
= => = =

2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
4
m m m m
t t t t m t
h D D h
D h D D
h
D
e
e e e
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
= => = =
3 5 5
3 5 5 3 5 3 5
8
m m m m m
t t t t t
m t
P D D
P D D
P P
D D
e
e e e
| | | |
| |
| |
\ . \ .
= => = =
M : P
t
= Qh = 13.2 hp
Nn 5
1
0.491
8
m m
t t
D P
D P
= =
Suy ra :
3
5.92 ft / ; 145 ft.lbf/slug 0.491 ft ;
m m m
s h D Q = = =
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

p

(
k
P
a
)

Q (m
3
/hr)
Pump Curves
= 750 rpm
= 500 rpm
= 1000 rpm