Aymen Nadeem

The Origins of Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire was Turkic-Mongol origin that ruled most of
northern India and other parts of Asia from the early 16th to the mid-18th
century.

The Foundation of Mughal Empire
Babur was the firt ruler of Mughal Empire, he was a decendent of
Timur, a turqo-mongol conquerer. He started with India but later
pushed into other countries like Afghanistan. After his victory at
Panipat he became known. He defeated his biggest enemy Ibrahim
Lodhi.


India under Mughal Emperors
Babur started the mughal empire on its peak and took over most of
northern india. When Mughal empire was under Akbars rule it
extended in all the directions and ruled almost all of northern
Indian subcontinent. He applied modern government and
supported cultural change. He allowed free practice of religion.
Indias economy became stable because of Akbars interest in social
and economical progress. Later when the empire came under
Shahs rule it became to break in vast groups and was taken over
by Marathas.

Babur (1526-1530)
Babur was the founder of Mughal Empire, He came to power
after winning the battle of panipath and the battle of khanwa. He
ruled for 4 years. Babur is known for his acts of bravery and for
being incredibily strong. He enjoyed swimming and horse
riding.

Humayun (1530-1556)
Humayun was the son of Babur, after his fathers death he ruled
for 10 years but he wasnt as great of a ruler. He was young and
inexperience and caused downfall of the Mughal empire. He
later ruled again and restored power until he died.

Akbar (1556-1605)
Akbar was Humayuns son, He came to power after his death. He
ruled for 49 years and was a really strong leader, Mughal
Aymen Nadeem
Empire expanded under his rule and he won battles proudly. He
is known as the most illustrator ruler in Mughal empire. Lahore
fort was built on his orders. In his time he developed trade with
European countries, and Indias economy became stable and
strong.


The Great Jehangir (1605-1627)
Akbars son, Jehangir ruled Mughal Empire on its peak for 12
years, he was a strong leader. Opened trades with Britsh EIC
(East Indian Company).


Shah Jehan (1627-1658)
Shah Jehan enherited the throne after Jehangir, Under his rule
Mugal empire became famous for art and architecture. Some of
the famous works are Taj Mahal, Red Fort, Shalimar Gardens
and Jama Masjid.

Aurangzeb (1658-1707) <The Paragon of Stability> The
Aurganzeb was the youngest son of Shah Jehan, After Shah
Jehans illness the power went to his elder son Dara, but
Aurangzeb planned against his brother and defeated him in
1659 and had him excuted. Later when Shah Jehans illness got
better, Aurangzeb refused to give up power and had his own
father imprisoned. Under his rule the empire gained political
strength and was expanded over South Asia.


The Crisis of Mughal Empire
When Muhammad Shah took over the Empire, it started to
break up. Centeral India was passed to the Marathas. Nadir Shah
who was ruling most of east and west Asia shattered the
remaining of Mughal empire. Later Shah Alam made another
attempt to regain the empire but it declined. All the other
powers had their eyes on mughal empire and once the Mughal
empire became weak, They broke out the rebellion. And british
came to rule the subcontinet. The last ruler, Bahdur Shah Zafar
was removed by the british government and Mughal Empire
came to an end.

Mughal Art and Architecture
Aymen Nadeem
Mughals were really into art and Architecture, they built some
famous monuments like Taj Mahal that was built on Shah Jehans
order for his wife. Lahore fort that was built by Jehangir. Shalamar
gardens, Jama Masjid and etc. Mughals brought a whole new level of
these two things among the subcontinent. Their works are admired
to this day.