Lysosome and

Peroxisomes
Lysosome
Found in:
o Only in Eukaryotic

Structure
A membranous sac made up of a phospholipid bilayer,
that hold enzymes to digest macromolecules
Made up by rough ER and the Golgi apparatus
Function
Breaks down macromolecules
Breaks down damaged organelles
Structure to Function:
o The environment inside the lysosome has pH of 5
because the enzymes inside the lysosome work best
in acidic environment.
Related terms:
o Autophagy: breaking down damaged organelles
Peroxisomes
Found in:
Peroxisomes are found in all eucaryotic cells

Structure
Peroxisome is only about 1 micrometer in diameter. It
is bounded by a typical cellular membrane, consisting of
a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Function

Function:
o Produces Hydrogen peroxide. It has an enzyme(Catalase) that
breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
2 H
2
O
2
2 H
2
O + O
2
o Uses oxygen to break down fatty acid so it can be transported
into the mitochondria to be used in cellular respiration.
Structure function:
o The compartmental structure is crucial to its functions: The
enzyme(catalase) that produce H
2
O
2
and those that dispose of
this toxic compound are sequestered away from other cellular
components that could be damaged.
Related term:
o Glyoxysomes are found in the fat- storing tissue of plant seeds to
provide energy.