1.

MOSFET Equations


a) N-channel MOSFET

Cut Off
!
V
GS
"V
T

!
I
DS
= 0
Linear
!
V
GS
>V
T
,
!
V
DS
"V
GS
#V
T

!
I
DS
=
n
C
ox
W
L
V
GS
"V
T
( )V
DS
"
V
DS
2
2
#
$
%
&
'
(
(1+ )V
DS
)
Saturation
!
V
GS
>V
T
,
!
V
DS
>V
GS
"V
T

!
I
DS
=
1
2

n
C
ox
W
L
(V
GS
"V
T
)
2
(1+ #V
DS
)




The simplest model in SPICE (Level 1 or default model) uses the above equations.

Parameter SPICE Parameter Units Typical Values

n
C
ox
KP A/V
2
200
V
T0
VTO V 0.5 1.0
!
LAMBDA V
-1
0.05 0.005



b) P-channel MOSFET

Cut Off
!
V
SG
" V
T

!
I
SD
= 0
Linear
!
V
SG
> V
T
,
!
V
SD
"V
SG
# V
T

!
I
SD
=
p
C
ox
W
L
V
SG
" V
T
( )
V
SD
"
V
SD
2
2
#
$
%
&
'
(
(1+ )V
SD
)
Saturation
!
V
SG
> V
T
,
!
V
SD
>V
SG
" V
T

!
I
SD
=
1
2

p
C
ox
W
L
(V
SG
" V
T
)
2
(1+ #V
SD
)



Example)
V
S
= 4 V, V
G
= 2 V, V
D
= 1 V
V
T
= -0.8 V, ! = 0, Kp = 100 A/V
2

W = 10 m, L= 2 m
Find MOSFET type, operation region, I
DS.


- Solution
!
V
DS
> V
GS
" V
T
#saturation
I
SD
=
100
2
10
2
(2 " "0.8)
2
(1+ 0) = 360A
I
DS
= "360A




2. MOSFET Circuits

Example) The PMOS transistor has V
T
= -2 V, Kp = 8 A/V
2
,
L = 10 m, ! = 0.
Find the values required for W and R in order to establish
a drain current of 0.1 mA and a voltage V
D
of 2 V.

- Solution
!
V
D
=V
G
"V
SD
>V
SG
# V
T
"saturation
I
DS
=
1
2
Kp
W
L
(V
SG
# V
T
)
2
(1+ $V
SD
) =
8
2
W
10
(3#2)
2
(1+ 0) = 0.1mA
I
R
=
V
D
R
=
2
R
= 0.1mA
W = 250m, R = 20k%

Example) The PMOS transistor has V
T
= -1 V, Kp = 8 A/V
2
,
W/L = 25, ! = 0.
For I = 100 A, find the V
SD
and V
SG
for R = 0, 10k, 30k, 100k.

- Solution
! = 0 (no channel length modulation)

!
1) R = 0
V
D
=V
G
"V
SD
>V
SG
# V
T
" saturation
I
SD
=
1
2
Kp
W
L
(V
SG
# V
T
)
2
=
8
2
$ 25$ (V
SG
#1)
2
=100
V
SG
= 2V V
SD
= 2V
2) R =10k
V
D
#V
G
= IR =100$ 10k =1"V
SD
=V
SG
# V
T
" saturation or linear
I
SD
=
1
2
Kp
W
L
(V
SG
# V
T
)
2
=
8
2
$ 25$ (V
SG
#1)
2
=100
V
SG
= 2V V
SD
=1V
3) R = 30k
V
D
#V
G
= IR =100$ 30k = 3 "V
SD
<V
SG
# V
T
" linear
I
SD
= Kp
W
L
((V
SG
# V
T
)V
SD
#
V
SD
2
2
) = 8$ 25$ ((V
SD
+ 3#1)V
SD
#
V
SD
2
2
) =100
V
SD
% 0.24V V
SG
= 3.24V
4) R =100k
V
D
#V
G
= IR =100$ 100k =10 "V
SD
<V
SG
# V
T
" linear
I
SD
= Kp
W
L
((V
SG
# V
T
)V
SD
#
V
SD
2
2
) = 8$ 25$ ((V
SD
+10 #1)V
SD
#
V
SD
2
2
) =100
V
SD
% 0.06V V
SG
=10.06V