The Negative (35mm Film )

135 is photographic film in a film format used for still photography. It

is a cartridge film with a film gauge of 35 mm, typically used for
hand-held photography in 35 mm film cameras.
The size of the 135 film frame has been adopted by many high-
end digital single lens reflex cameras, referred to as full frame digital
SLRs.
Color negative film, also called print film, is what most people are
familiar with; the stuff you can still buy almost anywhere (and what non-
specialists will generally assume you want if you ask for "film"). The
image you see on a developed negative is orange-tinted, and the colors
are inverted. The process used to develop these is called C-41, and so
these are sometimes called "C-41 films".
Color negatives have their
colors inverted, and are
orange-tinted.
Slide film, more properly called reversal film, gives
a positive image; in other words, when you look through it, it looks
like a photograph. Nearly all slide films today use the E-6 process,
which is a completely different process to that used for negative
films.
Slide films, typically
mounted in plastic or
cardboard mounts, give a
positive image that looks
just like your photograph.
Traditional black-and-white films are usually negative films, but they're
black-and-white.
There's a special subset of black-and-white films: those that can be
developed in the same C-41 process used for color negatives. Ilford XP2
and Kodak BW400CN are two of them. These have all the properties of
color negatives, except for the color part, so most of what is written below
about the latter applies to these films as well.
Film Manufacturer

Types of ISO film for SLR
Camera

A low ISO (100-400) rating means the film will be less sensitive to
light and therefore would be better to use in brighter conditions to
prevent over exposure.
A high ISO rating (400-1600) means the film is far more sensitive to
light and therefore better suited to use in lower light conditions to
prevent under exposure.
Summary :

The "faster" the film, the more
sensitive it was.

The "slower" it was, the less
sensitive it was.
ISO numbers start from 100-200 (Base ISO) and increment in
value in geometric progression (power of two). So, the ISO
sequence is: 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400 and etc.

The difference is clear the image on the right hand side at ISO 3200 has
a lot more noise in it, than the one on the left at ISO 200.


Comparison
ISO Film

Description
Slow film speed
200 and Below

For bright lighting conditions
and outdoor photography



Recommendation
not be used for dimly lit areas
and fast-moving subjects.

Using tripod or has an extremely
steady hand
best used to photograph
outdoor landscapes, inanimate
objects, and outdoor events on
a bright day.
ISO Film

Description
Medium film speed
400
all-purpose film that can be
used for most situations



Recommendation
best used to photograph
overcast outdoor images,
indoor portraits with natural
lighting, and when
photographing a combination of
indoor and outdoor images on
the same roll
not be used with fast motion
photography such as sporting
events, indoors without much
lighting, or in extremely bright
lighting
ISO Film

Description
Fast film speed
800




ideal for sports and low light
photography without flash,
and extends the flash distance
compared to slower speeds.
How to Use Almost Any 35mm Film Camera
Look for some basic controls on the camera.
The shutter speed dial
The aperture ring
The ISO dial (marked as ASA)
The mode dial
The rewind release
The rewind crank
Change your battery if your camera has one.
Load your film
Rear-loading cameras
Bottom-loading
Set the film speed
PREPARATION
SHOOTING
Focus your shot.
Auto-focus
Manual-focus single-lens reflex cameras
Manual-focus rangefinder cameras
Viewfinder cameras
Set your exposure.
Fully automatic exposure cameras
Fully-manual cameras
Frame your shot and shoot
Shoot till you hit the end of the roll.
Get your film developed
Check your film for exposure problems
Stick another roll of film in and go shoot some more

HANDLING AN SLR
EXPOSURE
Lens, Aperture, Shutter Speed, ISO
Dedahan Lensa, Aperture, Kelajuan Shutter
----- En Amir
EXPOSURE
Exposure is the total amount of light allowed
to fall on the film/image sensor.

Too much light creates an overbright
image with white spots

Too little light creates an underbright
image with black spots


Exposure also known as light exposure.
Exposure to too high will cause the image
to be too bright (overexposure) while low
exposure cause the picture is dark
(underexposure).
EXPOSURE
Underexposure
(dark)
overexposure
(bright)
Balance
HOW TO CONTROL
EXPOSURE
Exposure can be controlled
mainly through two lens settings:
Aperture
and
Shutter
Speed
and also
ISO
EXPOSURE
Aperture
How much light gets in
Shutter Speed
How long light is let in
ISO
Sensitivity of image device
Aperture
(IRIS IN YOUR EYE)
Aperture is the opening lens to set the amount of light
coming into the camera.
The bigger shutter open, the more light can enter the
camera.
APERTURE RANGE
Aperture size is labelled with a symbol f / [number] (Example: f
/ 2.4).
This measure, sometimes confusing because the larger f
number, the smaller shutters hole.
Instead, the smaller f number, the bigger shutters hole.
More light
(Brighter image)
Less light
(dark image)
Depth of field (DOF)
Depth of field (DOF) tells how many images you want to be in focus.
DOF is controlled by controlling the aperture.
Shallow
(less dof)
Narrow
(more dof)
Light
Dof
Shutter Speed
(LIKE YOUR EYE LID)
Shutter-speed refers to the length of time the
shutter is open to allow light coming into the
sensor.

The shutter speed is calculated by using the
second (seconds), and is usually lower than a
second.
Shutter Speed Range
1
1/2
1/15
1/30
1/60
1/125
1/250
1/500
1/1000
More light
Less light
Freezing and Blurring
Low Shutter speed
High Shutter speed
ISO
ISO refers to the
sensitivity of the sensor to
light.
Lower the ISO, the lower
response to the light
sensor, while the higher
the ISO, the more
powerful response to
light.
A lower ISO number , More light is required
Either with a longer shutter speed, a larger aperture
opening, or bothto get the same effect that a higher ISO
number would get with less light.
ISO Range
100 200 400 800 1600 3200 6400
More light
Less light
Less Noise
More Noise
ISO
HIGH ISO value means the sensor will be MORE
sensitive to light, meaning it will take LESS LIGHT
to get the right exposure.
Low ISO indicates low sensitivity to light but
generally higher resolution with less noise or
grain.
Indoor vs Outdoor ? ISO ?
ISO (Light sensitivity)
50 outdoors/sunlight (low grain/noise)
1600 indoors/no flash (high grain/noise)
ISO
Set the lowest setting
possible to avoid noise.

ISO measures the
sensitivity of the image
sensor. The lower the
number the less
sensitive your camera is
to light and the finer
the grain.
The lens of your camera and in modern cameras is adjusted via a control
wheel or dial. If you ever owned a manual film SLR you
will remember that the lenses had an ring that you set manually with a
Click-click as you turned it to alter the apertures
You don't take a
photograph, you
make it.
Ansel Adams