Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the endometrium during the

menstrual cycle, implantation window and early pregnancy.

Reproductive endocrinology
Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 17(4):419-423, ugust 2!!".
Nardo, Luciano G
Abstract:
#urpose o$ re%ie&: '(e re%ie& )i*s to su**)ri+e recent ,)t) )bout %)scul)r en,ot(eli)l
gro&t( $)ctor )n, its i*plic)tions in t(e nor*)l en,o*etriu* ,uring t(e *enstru)l cycle,
i*pl)nt)tion &in,o& )n, e)rly pregn)ncy.
-ecent $in,ings: ngiogenesis is cruci)l $or t(e ,e%elop*ent o$ en,o*etriu* )s &ell )s
$or e*bryo i*pl)nt)tion )n, est)blis(*ent o$ pregn)ncy. nu*ber o$ cyto.ines )n,
gro&t( $)ctors inclu,ing %)scul)r en,ot(eli)l gro&t( $)ctor )re .no&n to *o,ul)te
)ngiogenesis in (u*)n en,o*etriu* in %itro )n, in %i%o. /ntr)uterine %)scul)r
en,ot(eli)l gro&t( $)ctor e0pression ()s been s(o&n to be regul)te, in ) cycle-,epen,ent
$)s(ion. -ecent stu,ies ()%e ,e*onstr)te, t()t $e*)le se0 steroi, (or*ones )n,
gon),otrop(ins contribute to t(e regul)tion o$ %)scul)r en,ot(eli)l gro&t( $)ctor by
en,o*etri)l gl)n,ul)r epit(eli)l )n, stro*)l cells. 1)scul)r en,ot(eli)l gro&t( $)ctor
le%els incre)se )roun, t(e peri-i*pl)nt)tion perio, )n, in t(e l)te secretory )n, pre-
*enstru)l p()ses. 2urt(er, t(e pro,uction o$ t(is )ngiogenic gro&t( $)ctor )ppe)rs to be
rel)te, to ,eci,u)li+)tion.
3u**)ry: 1)scul)r en,ot(eli)l gro&t( $)ctor is ) .ey regul)tor o$ )ngiogenesis )n,
%)scul)r $unction in t(e (u*)n en,o*etriu*. berr)nt en,o*etri)l )ngiogenesis *)y
result in *enstru)l ,ys$unction, $)ile, i*pl)nt)tion )n, $irst-tri*ester *isc)rri)ge. '(e
possibility o$ en()ncing or in(ibiting )ngiogenic )cti%ity in t(e en,o*etriu* &ill pro%i,e
) no%el )ppro)c( to t(e *)nipul)tion o$ repro,ucti%e $unctions.
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