GPRS
198
GPRS
, GSM PLMN.
, , ,
, .
, GPRS GSM SMS GSM MM ( GPRS
GMM).
Um
Gb
(MOBILE
STATION - MS)
Gn
(BSS)
(GGSN)
(SGSN)
Application
IP/X.25
IP/X.25
SNDCP
SNDCP
Relay
MAC
RLC
MAC
GSM RF
GSM RF
GTP
GTP
LLC
UDP/
TCP
UDP/TCP
BSSGP
IP
IP
RLC
MAC
SCCP
L2
L1bis
L1bis
L1
L1
LLC
RLC
Relay
BSSGP
GPRS
GPRS:
199
NS
GPRS
OSI.
INAP
ISUP
IS41/MAP
TUP
VLR
AUC
EIR
HLR
TCAP
GSM/CDMA
B-ISUP
BSSMAP
DTAP
DUP
BSSAP
BTSM
SCCP
LAPD
GPRS
GTP
UDP
SNDCP
IP
GMM
SMS
NM
X.400
MTP3
V5 Link Control
V5 PSTN
V5 Control
V5 Protection
LLC
BSSGP
LAPv5
MTP2
V5
NS-Network
Frame Relay
SS
MM
RR
CM/CC
SMS
MTP1
GPRS OSI
200
GPRS
NS
GSM 08.16 v. 6.1.0 http://www.etsi.fr
NS (Network Service)
NS SDU
GPRS (SGSN) (BSS). ,
NS, :
. NS
,
BSS SGSN.
,
NS,
.
.
(,
Frame Relay).
.
,
,
(, ).
(PDU) :
(PDU)
2-n
NM
NS-ALIVE
NS-ALIVE-ACK
NS-BLOCK
NS-BLOCK-ACK
NS-RESET
NS-RESET-ACK
NS-STATUS
NS-UNBLOCK
NS-UNBLOCK-ACK
RADCOM, Ltd., 1999, . BiLiM Systems Ltd., 2000. http://www.bilim.com
NS
201
NS-UNITDATA
(IE).
:
(IEI)
IE TLV
(IEI).
, ,
.
.
:
Cause
NS-VCI
NS PDU
BVCI
NSEI.
.
1 2 (
). ,
, .
.
8
. ,
.
1, .
202
GPRS
BSSGP
GSM 08.18 v. 6.1.0 http://www.etsi.fr
NS BSS
GPRS BSS SGSN (
GPRS). BSSGP
:
SGSN BSS
.
BSSGP .
(PDU type)
BSSGP
BSSGP :
UL-UNITDATA
RA-CAPABILITY
PTM-UNIYDATA
PAGING PS
PAGING CS
RA-CAPABILITY-UPDATE
RA-CAPABILITY-UPDATE-ACK
RADIO-STATUS
SUSPEND
SUSPEND-ACK
SUSPEND-NACK
RESUME
RESUME-ACK
RADCOM, Ltd., 1999, . BiLiM Systems Ltd., 2000. http://www.bilim.com
BSSGP
203
RESUME-NACK
FLUSH-LL
FLUSH-LL-ACK
LLC-DISCARDED
FLOW-CONTROL-BVC
FLOW-CONTROL-BVC-ACK
FLOW-CONTROLMS
FLOW-CONTROLMS-ACK
BVC-BLOCK
BVC-BLOCK-ACK
BVC-UNBLOCK
BVC-UNBLOCK-ACK
BVC-RESET
BVC-RESET-ACK
STATUS
SGSN-INVOKE-TRACE.
( ).
0x00
.
0x01
Bmax default MS
0x02
BSS
0x03
(Bucket Leak Rate)
0x04
BVCI
0x05
BVC
0x06
BVC (BVC Measurement)
0x07
(Cause)
0x08
0x09
(Channel needed)
0x0a
DRX
0x0b
eMLPP
0x0c
(Flush Action)
0x0d
IMSI
0x0e
LLC-SDU
0x0f
LLC
0x10
(Location Area)
0x11
(Mobile Id)
0x12
MS
0x13
MS (MS Radio Access Capability)
RADCOM, Ltd., 1999, . BiLiM Systems Ltd., 2000. http://www.bilim.com
204
0x14
0x15
0x16
0x17
0x18
0x19
0x1a
0x1b
0x1c
0x1d
0x1e
0x1f
0x20
0x21
0x22
0x23
0x24
0x25
GPRS
OMC (OMC Id)
(PDU In Error)
(PDU Lifetime)
QoS
(Radio Cause)
RA-Cap-UPD-Cause
R-default_MS
(Suspend Reference Number)
TLLI
TMSI
(Trace Reference)
(Trace Type)
, ,
.
GTP
205
GTP
GSM 09.60 v. 6.1.0 http://www.etsi.fr
GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) GPRS.
GTP GSN
GPRS. GTP Gn (. .
GSN PLMN), Gp (. .
GSN PLMN). GTP UDP.
GTP
GPRS GSN .
GTP ,
SGSN MS GPRS.
, .
GTP ,
.
,
.
GTP SGSN (Serving
GPRS Support Node) GGSN (GPRS Gateway Support Node).
- .
GPRS MS SGSN
GTP . ,
SGSN GGSN.
SGSN
GGSN. GGSN
SGSN
.
GTP GTP
16 .
206
GPRS
1
LFN
LLC
FN
TID
BSSGP
0, GTP.
.
, , 1.
LFN
, LLC.
LFN=0.
GTP.
, .
GTP- (G-PDU) .
GTP.
T-PDU.
GTP
207
GTP-. Path Management
Location Management
0.
LLC
(link layer)
MS SGSN
SGSN.
( 255,
).
TID
, MM PDP
GSN. 0
V Management, Lacation Management Mobility Managemetn.
TID :
2- MCC
1- MCC
1- MNC
3- MCC
1- MSIN
2- MNC
3- MSIN
2- MSIN
5- MSIN
4- MSIN
7- MSIN
6- MSIN
9- MSIN
8- MSIN
NSAPI
10- MSIN
TID
NSAPI
.
208
GPRS
LLC
GSM 09.60 v. 6.1.0 http://www.etsi.fr
LLC (logical link
control) (MS mobile station) GPRS (SGSN
serving GPRS support node). LLC
MS SGSN
, .
LLC LAPD RLP.
LLC
.
.
LLC :
- ;
- .
LLC
, :
FCS
LLC
SAPI DLCI,
DLCI .
1 :
PD
C/R
5
XX
2
SAPI
1
1
LLC
RADCOM, Ltd., 1999, . BiLiM Systems Ltd., 2000. http://www.bilim.com
LLC
209
PD
- LLC
. LLC 0.
PD = 1, .
C/R
C/R - . MS
C/R = 0,
C/R = 1. SGSN ,
. . C/R = 1, C/R = 0.
C/R
SGSN MS
MS SGSN
SGSN MS
MS SGSN
XX
(2 )
SAPI
(Service Access Point Identificator)
, LLE
LLC (layer 3).
. LLC 4 :
( I);
(supervisory) ( S);
( UI)
( U)
FCS
, 24- CRC-,
.
210
GPRS
SNDCP
GSM 04.65 v. 6.1.0 http://www.etsi.fr
SNDCP (Sub-Network Dependant Convergence Protocol)
, LLC (Logical Link Control -
) SM (Session Managemetn -
). SNDCP IP X.25.
SNDCP :
/ ;
/ ;
(N-PDU)
(LL-PDU), LL-PDU
N-PDU.
SN-DATA
. :
DCOMP
NSAPI
PCOMP
3-n
SN-DATA
SN-UNITDATA
. .
SNDCP
211
NSAPI
DCOMP
PCOMP
N-PDU
N-PDU ()
N-PDU ()
6-n
SN-UNITDATA
NSAPI
.
:
0
,
.
1
" " (PTM-M point-to-multipoint
multicast).
2-4
.
5-15
NSAPI
M
.
0
N-PDU
1
N-PDU .
T
SN-PDU. SN-DATA (0) SN-UNITDATA (1).
C
. 0 , DCOMP
PCOMP , 1 .
X
(spare) , 0.
DCOMP
,
C. DCOMP :
0
.
RADCOM, Ltd., 1999, . BiLiM Systems Ltd., 2000. http://www.bilim.com
212
1-14
15
GPRS
.
.
PCOMP
,
C. PCOMP
:
0
.
1-14
, .
15
.
N-PDU. 128 .
N-PDU
0-2047
2048-524287
.
, 1.
E
N-PDU.
0
.
1
N-PDU.