FIR Filter Design

Linear filter design

Transfer function of FIR Causal Filter

Frequency response

Impulse Response
Symmetric (Odd)
Symmetric(Even)
Antisymmetric (Odd)
Antisymmetric(Even)

 Nature of the response h(n)

Symmetric (Odd)

Symmetric(Even)

Antisymmetric (Odd)

Antisymmetric(Even)

Magnitude Response H()

Design techniques for linear filter design

1.Fourier series method
2.Frequency sampling
3.Optimal method

1.Fourier series method

Frequency response is periodic

Period equal to sampling frequency
Linear combination of complex exponentials
Desired Response

Fourier Coeffiecients
Desired impulse response is infinite duration
But it is reduced to

 Steps in designing of Fir filter using Fourier

series method
1.Identify the limit of the filter

 2. FIR means finite so truncation is needed

3. Z transform

 For symmtrical impulse response

Non causal filter

Realization not possible

multiply H(z) with

Questions 1
1.Design an ideal low pass filter with a frequency
response

Find the values of h(n) for N=11.

Find H(z).
Plot the magnitude response

Questions 2
1.Design an ideal band pass filter with a
frequency response

Find the values of h(n) for N=11.

Find H(z).
Plot the magnitude response

2.Window method
Due to truncation of infinite duration impulse
sequence
Slow convergence of infinite Fourier series
Produce oscillations in pass band and stop
band
Gibbs phenomenon or oscillations

Reduction
Fourier coefficients are modified
Multiplying the infinite sequence with finite
weighted sequence
Window= finite weighted sequence

Window properties
Central lobe should contain total energy and
should be narrow
Highest side lobe level should be small
Side lobes should decrease rapidly while as
tends to

Steps in design
1.Identify the limit of the filter

2.Perform following operation

 3. Z transform

4.Perform the operation

3.Frequency sampling method

Realization
Traversal structure

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

 Cascade form

-------------

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Poly phase

P(o)
Z-1

P(1)

Z-1

P(2)

Linear phase

Z-1

+
Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

+
Z-1

+
Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1