Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 3

Howida Moustafa

Media Debate

A careful review of the literature indicates the argument over media and learning has
never been resolved. Clark (1983) claimed that media is a tool for learning that can help deliver
instruction but would not affect student achievement. Kozma (1994) argues, however, that if we
see no relationship between media and learning, it is because we have never tried. He believes
that media affect learning and motivation.
After the technology revolution and the huge changes in media capabilities, the argument
about media and learning has changed. This revolution in technology and the increasing
capabilities of computers and networks allows scholars to take stronger positions in the debate
over media and learning. The role media plays in learning has taken a different direction, and we
can argue that Kozmas view that media influence learning and motivation is valid.
Clark media argument
Clark (1983) suggested that any method could be developed and used to facilitate
learning. Therefore, any available resources and any effective quality of media chosen by an
instructional designer can lead to effective learning. I think we can argue that what Clark
suggested was valid in 1983, but new technologies have provided us with still more unique
media like computers, tablets, and smart phones. The capabilities of this new technology can
support student learning experiences.
Kozma argument:

Kozma (1994) suggested that media alone cannot affect learning, but media can influence
learning if instruction is effective. He wrote that taking advantage of media capabilities
influences the way learners might process information. I agree with that statement. The skills
learner can gain by using different types of media increase motivation and provide an interactive
learning environment.
How do the media influence learning?
According to Kozma (1994) careful use of media would enable learners to take
advantage. He wrote that to understand the contribution that media can make to learning, we
should think of media as a mechanism with which we can interact cognitively and socially.
Media help students mentally and socially model any learning event. Media can help students to
draw more inferences on text.
Media can shape the learning environment by providing specific characteristics and
conditions that promote learning. Different types of media can stimulate appropriate learning
processes (Kozma 1994)
The power social of media and the potential for using social media to provide
collaborative construction of knowledge is redefining the ways we think about teaching and
learning at every level (Richardson, 2010). Changes in communication and media in our world
provide us with unique learning opportunities. Modern technology gives us one road where the
learning process can be entertaining and social. A study done by Junco, R. Heiberger, G., &
Loken, E. (2011) indicates that using Twitter in education increased student engagement.
After reviewing both arguments, I agree with Komza that the educational medium
influences learning and motivation.

References
Clark, R. E. (1994). Media will never influence learning. Educational technology research and
Development , 42(3),11-14
Kozma, R. B. (1994). A reply: Media and methods. Educational Technology Research and
Development, 42(3), 11-14.
Clark, R. E. (Ed.). (2001). learning from media: Arguments, analysis, and evidence (Vol. 1).
IAP.
Hastings, N. B., & Tracey, M. W. (2004). Does media affect learning: where are we
now?. TechTrends, 49(2), 28-30.
Parkinson, A., & Redmond, J. A. (2002, June). Do cognitive styles affect learning performance
in different computer media?. In ACM SIGCSE Bulletin (Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 39-43).
ACM.development, 42(2), 21-29.
Mayer, R. E. (2003). The promise of multimedia learning: using the same instructional design
methods across different media. Learning and instruction, 13(2), 125-139. Mayer, R. E. (2003).
Trier, J. (2006). Teaching with media and popular culture. Journal of Adolescent & Adult
Literacy, 49(5), 434-438.
Lin, J., & Kolcz, A. (2012, May). Large-scale machine learning at twitter. In Proceedings of the
2012 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data (pp. 793-804). ACM.
Junco, R., Heiberger, G., & Alonso Garcia, N. (in review). Tweeting to stay: Fostering academic
and social integration in STEM through Twitter. Educational Researcher.

Вам также может понравиться