osteoporosis

Pathophisiology

Komplikasi

Manifest Klinis

DIAGNOSTIC

MANAJEMEN

SUPPORTIVE DEVICE AND SURGERY

LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION

Get the daily recommended amounts of calcium and vitamin D. The current
dietary recommendation for calcium intake in Singapore is 800 mg/day. According
to the recent National Nutrition Survey in 2004, the average daily calcium intake of
a Singaporean is 627 mg.
Start exercising today. Regular exercise helps to build stronger and denser bones,
and weight-bearing exercises are important for building and maintaining bone
density.
Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol. The chemicals in cigarettes are bad for your
bone cells and especially in women, smoking can prevent oestrogen from
protecting the bones. Excessive drinking can also reduce bone formation.
Reduce intake of caffeine. Caffeine in coffee, tea and some soft drinks may
decrease calcium absorption. Try to maintain low daily intake of drinks with
caffeine, and offset the calcium lost by increasing your calcium intake.
Say 'no' to salty snacks. Eating too much sodium can cause bone loss. Try to
reduce the amount of salty snacks and processed foods in your diet, and refrain
from adding that extra dash of salt in your cooking

HORMONAL AND FLOURIDE

TREATMENT

NURSING DIAGNOSE

TUJUAN DAN KRITERIA OUTCOMES

NURSING INTERVENTION

PATIENT TEACHING

OSTA