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Magnetic field Intensity H

(A) Magnetization M
When a substance is placed in an external magnetic field, the substance experiences a torque due to the field and aligns in the same direction as
the field. The magnetization so produced in the substance is called Induced magnetization. It is denoted by symbol M. Magnetization in magnetic
field is analogues to polarization of dielectric material in electrostatic field.

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(B) Magnetic field Intensity H

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The magnetic field in "empty" space is denoted by the symbol B.ItiscalculatedfromAmpere'sLaworBiot-SavartsLawandmeasuredintesla.

However, when the magnetic field passes through a magnetically responsive material, such as iron, the material itself contributes its internal
magnetic field. Then a second quantity, H called as magnetic field intensity is used to characterize the strength of external field i.e. the magnetic
fieldduetotheexternalsources(electriccurrent)only,excludingthecontributionduetomaterialsinternalmagneticfield.H is related to B
through permeability as B=H.

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Magnetic field Intensity H is also called as Magnetizing force or Auxiliary Magnetic field. H is also expressed in terms of M as follows
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Or in the equivalent form as

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B=o (H + M)

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H and M have the same units, amperes/meter.

More discussion about M and H is given in the chapter on Magnetism in Matter.

This page was last modified on 19 January 2011, at 09:07.

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