To investigate the adventurer class causing unrest and
uprisings across Munster and how it led to the Desmond Rebellion. Discuss and explain the reasons for and against the Desmond Rebellion
Learning Outcomes
Homework to be completed for Friday
Thursday at Lunch time, I will be in computer room for students who want to complete their homework
Correcting Last Weeks homework
Website
McCarthys and Fitzgeralds were large Gaelic Irish
families in Munster that owned and controlled a lot of the land. The head of the Fitzgerald family was known as the Earl of Desmond. Why was he known as the Earl?
Munster Plantation
Henry VIII Surrender and Regrant
Mary Tudor Laois-Offaly Plantation Queen Elizabeth I Munster Plantation
English Monarchs
Queen Elizabeth
She wanted to spread the power of the crown more
forcefully across Ireland Proposed the appointment of a President in Munster to impose Englishness. What things would have constituted Englishness?
Queen Elizabeth
The Queen also promoted the attainment of land
acquisition.
This was achieved through the adventurer class who
received taxes off Irish tenants - patents Most famous adventurer was Richard Boyle Generate finance for the English monarch
Richard Boyle
Richard Boyle
Boyle was an important figure in the continuing English
colonisation of Ireland in the 16th and 17th centuries, as he acquired large tracts of land in plantations in Munster. Earl of Cork Owned Lismore Castle Controlled and owned the town of Bandon
Richard Boyle
Boyle has been described as the "first colonial
millionaire". Historian R. F. Foster, in his Modern Ireland calls him an 'epitome of Elizabethan adventurer-colonist in Ireland'
By the time of his death in 1643, he was one of the
wealthiest men in the known world.
Boyles Legacy
This desire to get as much land as possible (Boyle)
angered the Fitzgerald's In 1569, the growing religious unease led to the first Desmond Rebellion.
The Fitzgeralds went to seek help with Catholic monarchs
across Europe fight back against the English
Unrest
How could the Counter Reformation affect the Earl of
Desmond and his relationship with Queen Elizabeth 1?
Counter Reformation
The Pope sent 600 troops to Smerwick Harbour (Kerry)
in 1580 The English surrounded the soldiers as they landed. They surrendered and were massacred by Lord Deputy Mountjoy.
Desmond Rebellions
The Earl of Desmond was caught and killed by Loyal
Gaelic Irish Who or what were the Loyal Gaelic Irish?
What would they do with the Earls lands?
Earl of Desmond
Lands confiscated in 1586
Rebellion was over and Munster in ruins
30,000 ppl killed
Results of the Desmond
Rebellion
Why did the Desmond Rebellion start?
What main countries across Europe were Catholic? What monarch ordered the Laois-Offaly Plantation? What does Surrender and Regrant mean? Name a British figure that was part of the Adventurer class? What was the Oath of Supremacy What year was the Munster Plantation
Questions
Adventurer Class Richard Boyle causing unrest
Earl of Desmond and the Pope fighting against the English Surrender and Regrant Loyal Gaelic Irish
Recap Yesterdays Lesson
Was Desmond right to rebel against Queen Elizabeth
Ovidijus No I do not think the earl of Desmond was right to rebel against Queen Elizabeth and the English because he should have known that he would die out of his richness
Website Comments
Anointed Yes I think the Earl of Desmond was right to
rebel against queen Elizabeth and the English because he stood for what he believed in. He believed that Ireland should be a republic and not used for a base. Jason I think the earl of Desmond was right to stand up for what he believes in , IRELAND SHOULDNT BE A BASE ,we should be independent :) I think ..
Website Comments
You are Queen Elizabeth. You have just confiscated the Earl of Desmonds lands. How would you establish an effective plantation in Munster?
In Groups, share ideas with your peers about the best plan of action. Take into consideration the unrest of the Gaelic Irish. Each Group One writing down the ideas, two sharers and one presenter.
Group Work
Queen Elizabeth wanted to learn from the mistakes of the
Laois-Offaly Plantation. Get more English settlers Do not rent land to the Gaelic Irish Settlers be able to defend themselves create small armies
How did the Munster
Plantation work
The estates given to the English settlers were larger in
size. The estates were divided into plots of 4,000 to 12,000 acres. Remember, at this time, 1580s Munster, the area of Cork did not contain towns or villages but small agricultural based settlements. These estates helped to establish new towns Killarney, Lismore, Youghal, Mallow and Bandon
How did the Munster
Plantation work
These English settlers in Munster were ordered to bring
English tenants to ensure the spread of Englishness (Language, customs and religion).
What is a landlord? What is a tenant? The planters that employed English tenants and upholed Englishness were known as Undertakers. They undertook (promised) to uphold the Crowns wishes.
Undertakers
Elizabeth feared the Spanish
Did not want the Spanish to use Ireland as a base to attack England Therefore, the Undertakers (landlords in Munster) were encouraged to defend themselves by setting up small armies to defend their lands
Using Ireland as a Base
Remove all Gaelic Irish from the land
Bring from England approx 100 English tenants, servants and craftmens to help form settlements Provide equipment for cavalry and infantry Pay tax to the Crown
Role of the Undertaker
Out of a proposed 20,000 settlers, only between five to
six thousand came to Munster. This meant that land had to be rented to the ?????????
Problems Munster Plantation
Because the expected number of settlers did not arrive, the
Undertakers could not form armies. Therefore they could defend themselves from attacks by the Gaelic Irish looking to get their land back These undertakers feared for their lives, left their estates to be managed by someone else. They became known as absentees. Remember absenteeism and the Reformation. As a result, the Gaelic Irish started to reclaim their lands, making the Munster Plantation a failure.
Undertakers
Give three reasons why the English started the
Plantations. Give three reasons why the Irish resisted the Plantations.
Write down answers in your copies.
In Pairs
Absenteeism
Formation of New Towns Lismore and Bandon
Became important centres of trade and economy Rural settlements slowly transforming to an urban setting Sir Walter Raleigh and the potato Some protestants stayed they remained in the towns where English laws and customs still practiced.
Results of the Plantations
Multiple Plantations - Learning from the mistakes of the
past link to the purpose of doing History Gaelic Irish vs Protestant English
