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By: Gunaseelan J.
Introduction
Resin or wrinkle free finishing is widely used in the textile industry to impart wrinkle-resistance to cotton
fabrics and garments. Considerable loss in strength and abrasion resistance of the finished fabrics has been
a major concern for the industry. Enhancing dimensional stability and wrinkle resistance with resin finishing
of cotton has constantly been correlated with lower abrasion resistance and tear strength. The strength of
the fibre depends on how much the cross-linked chains can still be mutually displaced under tension in order
to sufficiently resist the applied load. The rigid cross-links that are formed with the DMDHEU obviously
prevent the redistribution of stress by preventing movement within the fibre microstructure. The cross-linking
of cellulose molecules with these relatively rigid cross-links causes stiffening of the cellulosic
macromolecular network and fibre embitterment, thus dropping the mechanical strength of the treated cotton
fabrics. These same mechanisms are responsible for reduced mechanical properties of the fibre surface,
thus leading to strength loss. Fibre surface property alteration, such as through the use of softeners, has
been shown to play an important task in minimising strength loss.
Objective
The mixture of inadequate scratch resistance and relatively severe tensile and tear strength loss has been a
major disadvantage for resin finished 100% cotton fabrics. The objectives of this work are to investigate the
cause and mechanism of loss in abrasion resistance of cross linked cotton fabrics; relationships between the
molecular structure of cross-linking agents and their effect on the mechanical properties of cross-linked
textile structures; and develop a technology for improving the tear strength of resin finished cotton fabrics by
adding special silicones.
Tear and Tensile Resistance
An overwhelming majority of durable press finishing agents used today are formaldehyde based reagents,
such as dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) and modified DMDHEU, with magnesium chloride as a
catalyst.
Experimental
Materials: 100% cotton shirting fabric, GSM of 133 is used for applications.
Application by padding
Liquor pick up: 70%
pH: 4-5
Dry: as usual
Cure: 150C for 3 minutes
Guideline Recipes
1. Shirting Fabrics
Commercial DMDHEU: 40-60 g/l
MgCl2: 8-12 g/l
Effect of Combination of Low-amino Modified Silicone and Semi-macro Silicones on the Strength
Properties of Cotton Shirting Fabric
Low-amino modified polysiloxane combined with a blend of amino modified polysiloxane and hydroxy
terminated polysiloxane show better strength improvement than polyethylene emulsions or amino silicones.
Effects of Amino Modified Polyethylene Based Polymer Silicone Softeners and Semi-macro on the
Mechanical Properties of Cotton Shirting Fabric Cross-linked by DMDHEU
Strength loss%
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Warp
Weft
U.TREATED
With
Polyethylene
emulsion
CRA
DP rating
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
DP rating
U.TREATED
With
Polyethylene
emulsion
DP RATING
Conclusion
Results indicate enhancement in fabric resiliency and softness as well as decrease in fabric strength. The
use of low amino modified polysiloxane combined with a blend of amino modified polysiloxane and hydroxy
terminated polysiloxane as an additive minimises strength loss of the cotton fabric with improvement in
softness because of treatment with resin and catalyst, without creating negative effects on the wrinkle
resistance of the fabric.
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