Mouth

Epiglottis

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Lung
Bronchi
Diaphragm

Normal rate and depth

Regular inhalation and exhalation
pattern
Audible on each side of chest
Equal rise and fall of each side
Movement of the abdomen

Adult Over 8 Years Old

12 to 20 rpm

Child 1 to 8 Years Old

15 to 30 rpm

Infant Birth to 1 Year Old

25 to 50 rpm

Anterior and Posterior of Patient

Apices under the clavicular line midpoint
Mid-axillary lines (armpit at nipple line)

Bases lower border of rib cage

Snoring
Stridor
Wheezing (sibilant)
Crepitations
Cough

Is an important way to
keep your throat and
airways clear.
Too much coughing
may mean you have a
disease or disorder.
Some coughs are dry.
Others are considered
productive (mucus).

Upper airway infections.

Common cold
Flu.

Sign of lower (intra-thoracic) airway

obstruction
Small airways

Wheezing is a sign that a person may be

having breathing problems.
Wheezing most often comes from the small
breathing tubes (bronchial tubes) deep in
the chest, but it may be due to a blockage
in larger airways or in persons with certain
vocal cord problems.

Stridor is an abnormal, high-pitched,

musical breathing sound caused by a
blockage in the throat or voice box
(larynx). It is usually heard when taking in
a breath.

Abscess on the tonsils

Airway injury
Allergic reaction
Croup