Thermodynamics - II

Lecture 13

Ideal Dual Cycle (Ch-9)

Zia Ud Din

Dual cycle: A more realistic

Dual Cycle:

ideal cycle model for modern,

high-speed compression ignition
engine.

In modern high-speed
Compression ignition engines,
fuel is injected into the
combustion chamber much
sooner. Fuel starts to ignite late
in the compression stroke and
part of the combustion occurs
almost at constant volume. Fuel
injection continues and
combustion of fuel keeps the
pressure high well into the
expansion stroke.

P-v diagram of an ideal dual cycle.

Thus entire combustion process

can better be modeled as the
combination of constant-volume
and constant-pressure process.
2

Air-Standard DUAL Cycle for CompressionIgnition Engines

5 Internally Reversible Processes:

1-2 Isentropic Compression
2-3 Constant Volume Heat Addition
3-4 Constant Pressure Heat Addition
4-5 Isentropic Expansion
5-1 Constant Volume Heat Rejection

Air-Standard DUAL Cycle for CompressionIgnition Engines

W12
m

u1 u2

Q23
m

u3 u2

W34
m

P3 v4 v3

W45
m

u4 u5

Q51
m

u1 u5

Q34
m

u3

h4 h3

u5 u1
u2
h4

h3

Example Problem: Ideal DUAL Cycle for

Compression-Ignition Engines
At the beginning of the compression process of an air-standard
Dual cycle operating with a compression ratio of 18, the
temperature is 300 K and the pressure is 0.1 Mpa. The pressure
ratio for the constant volume part of heating process is 1.5:1. The
volume ratio for the constant pressure part of heating process is
1.2:1. Determine

(a) The thermal efficiency and

(c) The mean effective pressure, in MPa

Example Problem: Ideal DUAL Cycle for

Compression-Ignition Engines

Example Problem: Ideal DUAL Cycle for

Compression-Ignition Engines

Example Problem: Ideal DUAL Cycle for

Compression-Ignition Engines