Basic mathenaki eaeeyhs
2 Vectors
ml ER
ke Dh ey ey
FY Real espace
Ris the field of veal mombers
RP is mdemensional veer space of all w-dslas
A Toner pedeck
for all my € BR
ays Ee ye = Say
9 Euclelian norm ( 2-norm)
Wee Goma, for x €R”
2 Evclecion oishance (or metre)
diy) = Nx -4n
Properhes s) dawg 20
Ley) =O ip ond my pe xy
& deginitness
3 syrmedy
we) d aye diego
at) dOnt) & deny ta (y,2)
A teange inequaly3 Conver sehr
A sobsek S of R” is opgme ig:
Lng €8 ona xe RJ Dorm +-y ES
for dy te RP, and nc ER, the wt of of ponds
Bee + C-o ys the line that pags Heng endy
ye
x
ip Wey eS 2 ¥ ocaca
ax O-wy ES
The veokr 22 om + Cindy tu Caled a Conver combinackon
of H om g
Generalization: XE RB is a conen combination of
veces XV eh ERM
ig Do motkipltors Ai, Av, Ary, Ap FO
st. EN EL and x aL ex!by Aaginihon , the omply vet Pts Conse
Cram yer of comer seh:
Lei herby
[yy 24%, xx0}
[X42 XTDX SH, £70, D positn depinike }
3 Convex fonctions
Let CER” be o nommemply comen set, then
$ CAR GY corer me) ty Payee
and ¥ KE (0,1)
Fant Gomy) < KEeo FU -wd fey
ig the sect Ine gaally oles whaneeer oe ty then pty
sheclly convex ene gahve op a Cobsely) conser
for chen ty called 0 Crhiellly ) concave function
x4 C-wy J