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c. Levels of diversity
i. __________________ diversity all the differences between populations of species, as well as between different
species
ii. __________________ diversity the variety of habitats, communities and ecological processes within and between
ecosystems
iii. __________________ diversity all the different genes contained within all members of a population
1. A _________ is a piece of __________ that codes for a specific trait that can be inherited by offspring.
B. Benefits of Biodiversity
a. Species are connected to ecosystems
i. When scientists study ________________ closely, they find that it plays an important role in an
__________________________.
ii. Every species is probably either ______________________ on or _________________________ upon by at least one
other species.
iii. _________________________________ - a species that is critical to the functioning of an ecosystem
b. Species and population survival
i. ___________________ diversity is a critical factor in species survival
ii. When a population shrinks, its genetic diversity ________________
c. Medical, industrial, and agricultural uses
i. ______________________ of the drugs prescribed in the US are derived from plants
ii. Almost all antibiotics are derived from chemicals found in ___________
iii. Name 3 common medicines derived from plants and their uses
1. ____________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
iv. Name two food that originate from each of the following regions:
1. North, Central, and South America: _______________________
2. Northeastern Africa, Central Asia: ________________________
3. India, East Asia, and Pacific Islands: ______________________
d. Ethics, aesthetics, and recreation
i. _________________ - things have the right to exist
ii. _________________ - personal enjoyment
iii. _________________ - tourism
Section 10.2: Biodiversity At Risk
A. Current extinctions
a. Species prone to extinction
a. _______________________ species a species that is likely to becomes extinct if protective measures are not taken
immediately
b. _______________________ species a species that has a declining population and that is likely to become
endangered if it is not protected
B. How do humans cause extinctions?
a. Habitat _______________________ and fragmentation
a. Habitat loss causes almost _________________ of the extinctions now occurring
b. Example: _________________________________________________
b. Invasive exotic species
a. __________________________ - a species that is not native to a particular region
b. Example: _________________________________________________
c. Harvesting, hunting, and poaching
a. __________________________ were hunted to extinction
b. ________________ were almost hunted to extinction
c. _______________________ - illegal hunting
d. Pollution
a. __________________________, ____________________________,
___________, and other chemicals used by humans are making their way into food webs around globe
b. ____________, a pesticide, affected the ________________________.
C. Areas of critical biodiversity
a. ___________________________ - species that are native to and found only within a limited area
b. _______________________________- cover less than ________ of the Earths land surface, but scientists estimate
over ___________ of the worlds species live there
c. ________________________ and ______________ Ecosystems
a. Reefs contain the ___________________ of the biodiversity of the ocean