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Introduction
Until now, we have assumed that the flowing temperature is constant. In reality, there is a
temperature profile along a pipeline. This temperature profile will usually influence the
pressure distribution, and vice-versa.
Analysis
Consider a pipeline of length L with flow inside, as shown below. The inlet fluid
temperature inside the pipe is T1 and the exit temperature is T2. The ambient (or
surroundings) temperature is T.
L
Flow
T1
T2
T2 - (T - q)
= e -b L
T1 - (T - q)
where: T1
T2
T
L
b
=
=
=
=
1.467 (U A )
& Cp
m
U =
A =
UA =
& =
m
Cp =
h (P2 - P1 )
z 2 - z1
+
bL
778 C p b L
Pipe I.D.
r wh =
(1000)(15.93) = 2.78 lb / ft 3
m
(10.73)(580)(0.92)
14.7 580
1
3
q platform = 100 10 6
= 17.46 ft / s
(0.92 )
1000
520
86400
Distance factor:
b=
dT DT 120 - 115
=
= 0.025 deg F / psi
dP DP 1000 - 800
T2 - 44.58
= e -0.184 x
120 - 44.58
1
45 - 44.58
ln
= 28.2 miles
0.184
75.42