.

v=

a=

t - t ;

t -

a = 0 , v = const , r = r0 + vt - ;
:
r = r 0 + v 0t +

a = const , v = v 0 + at ,

x=

y=

= 2 =

a =

at

F
S - ; p = gh - ;
S
F= f
s - ;
p=

2
2
v0 = 2 ah

v x

v y

2
= v0 + 2 aS

v0 cos t
v0 sin t

at

F = Vg
= v0 cos

pV 2

= v0 sin at

2
T

v=

mv
R

= m

N = 6.022 10 23 1
- ; A
- - :
1
2 m (v ) 2 2
1
1
p = nm0 (v ) 2
pV = N 0
= NE
pV = Nm0 (v ) 2 = m(v ) 2
3
3
2
3
3
3
,
,
P = nkT - ,

- ;

F = Kx
F
S

= E

v1 =
v2 =

l =
- ;

V - ;

F = N

- ;

- ;

- ;

M = 5.98 10

24
;

R = 6.37 10

R+ h

- ;

p = F t

- ;

- ;
m1v1 + m2 v2 = m1v1/ + m2 v 2/
- ;
A = FS cos

- ;
A = GmM (1 r1 1 r2 )
- ;
mv22 mv12
A=

2
2 - ;
A
= Fv cos
t
- ;
mv 2
2

- ;

W = mgh
- ;

kx 2
2 - ;

2 RT / M =
3RT / M =
8 RT / M =

2kT / m0
3kT / m0
8kT / m0

- ;
- ;
- ;

m
N
pV =
RT = RT =
RT
M
NA

6
;

M
3
v1 = G
= 7.9 10 /
R
- h;
- ;
2 v1 = 11.2 103 /
- ;

mv mv 0 = F t

W =

v =
v=

GM

p = mv

W =

v =

m1 m2
2
G = 6.67 10 11 3 /( 2 )
r
- ;

R + h

- ;

R = 8.31.. /( )

N=

k = R / N A = 1.38 10 23 /

F = G

g=

F1 = F 2
-

- ( );

l l0
l
= E
l0
l0

- ;

2 gh

n
M
m0 =
=
N
NA

F = m a - ;

+ gh + P = const

R= v
2

F = F F
- ;

- ;

- (
);

v = R - ;

- ;

F = ma =

W = W + W = const
- - ;
W2 W1 = A + A
- . , . ;
M = Fd - (d ); M1 M 2 ... M n = 0 - .

- -;
- ( )
m
V
m
p
A=
RT ln 2
A=
RT ln 1
M
V1
M
p2
Q= A
m=const, T=const, pV=const,
;

-
- ( )
m
Q = U + A A = p (V2 V1) A = M R(T2 T1 )
m=const, p=const, V/T=const,
;
;
- ;
1

=
VT = V0 T
273 ;
- ,
( )
Q= U
m=const, V=const, p/T=const,
; A=0

i
A = Nk (T1 T2 )
Q= 0
2
; A= U ;
-

100 0
0
0
- ;
= mV
- ;
Q= U + A
- ;
i m
i
U=
RT = RT
2 M
2
- ( i 3
, 5 , 6 );
m
i
i
U =
TCV = R T = ( pV )
M
2
2
- ;
r=

CV =

i
i+ 2
R Cp =
R
2 ;
2
- ;

V1
A = pdV
V2
- ;
- ;
A
Q Q2
Q
T T
=
= 1
= 1 2
= 1 2
Q1
Q1
Q1
T1
- ;
-
;
Q = C (T2 T1)
Q = cm(T2 T1 )
;
- -
;
Q= m
- - ;
Q = rm
- - ;
Q = qm
- - ;
W
F
=
=
S ;
l - ;
C p = CV + R

h=

2 cos
gr

- ;
lT = l0 (1 + T )
- ;
VT = V0 (1 + T )
- (
= 3

);

F=

q1 q2
4 0 r 2

q q
= K 1 2
r2

- ;

0 = 8,85 10 12

K = 9 10 9

A
=
q'
- ;
-
;
q
q
q
q
E=
= K
=
= K
4 0 r 2
r2
4 0 r
r
;
-
q r ;
n
n
E = Ei = i
i= 1 ;
i = 1 - ;
= dq / dl = dq / dS = dq / dV
;
;
- ,
;
q

E=
=
2 0 S 0
-
;
q

E=
=
0 S 0
-
;
A = q ( 1 2 ) = qU
- q 1 2;
= q /
- ;
C = 4 0 R
- ;
S
C= 0
d - ;
E=

F
q'

C 2 q
q2
=
=
2
2
2C - ;
C ( ) 2 q
q2
W=
=
=
2
2
2C - ;
E 2S
q2
2S
F=
=
= 0
2 0 S 2 0
2
- .
2
2
0 E Sd 0 U S 0 E 2V
W=
=
=
2
2d
2
-
;
W=

I=

q
t - ; j = I / S - ;

j = en v
= A / q'
- ;
- ;
R = l / S G = 1/ R = 1/
;
;
- R , G
, - .
:
n 1
n
1
=
C = Ci
i = 1 i
i
=
1 - ;
- ;
:
n
n 1
1
R = Ri
=
i = 1 - ; R i = 1 Ri - ;
:
U = IR - ; ( 1 2 ) = 1,2 IR -

I=
= I (R + r)
R + r - ;
;
- ;
A = Q = IUt = I 2 Rt =

U 2t
R - ( -);

M
M
U2
k=
=
N AeZ
FZ
R - ; m = k q = kI t ;
- ;
F = eN A = 9.65 104
- ;
P = IU = I 2 R =

.
FA = IlB sin

- ;

F = qvB sin
- ;

M = ISB sin = Pm B sin

- ; P m = IS n
- ;
I
B= 0
2 R - ;

0 I
2 R - ;
0 NI
B=
= 0 nI
l
- (N );
B=

= BS cos - ;
:

L I
i =
is =
t - ( );
t - ;
2
LI
W=
2 - ;
= LI - ;
wm = B 2 / 2 0
- ;

x = x0 cos( 0t + 0 )
- ;
v = dx / dt = x0 0 sin( 0t + 0) = x0 cos( 0t + 0 + / 2)
-
;
a = dv / dt = d 2 x / dt 2 = x0 02 cos( 0t + 0 ) = 02 x

-
;
= mv 2 / 2 = mx02 02 sin 2 ( 0 t + 0 ) / 2
- ;
= mx02 02 cos 2 ( 0 t + 0 ) / 2
- ;
E = + = mx02 02 / 2
- ;
x + 2 x = 0
0
mx = kx
;
-
;
T = 2

m/ k

- ;

T = 2

l/g

- ;
1
v=
T = 2 LC
2 LC
;
- ;
= VT = V / v - ;
i = J cos 0t
- ;
i = U / R = U 0 cos t / R = I 0 cos t
- ;
P = I 02 R / 2
- ;
I = I0 / 2

U = U0 / 2

- ;
- ;

P = I 2 R = U I

- ;
U = q / C = U 0 cos t
- ( );
q = CU 0 cos t
- ;
i = I 0 sin( t + )
- ;
P = I 0U 0 cos / 2 = I U cos
- ;

n=

sin
sin

- ;

n = c / v ; n = v1 / v2 - ; = 3 10 8 / 2 ;
sin = n2 / n1 = n21 = 1 / n
- ;
= H / h = f / d = F /( d F )
- ;
1/ d + 1/ f = 1/ F = D
- ;
D = 1/ F = (n 1)(1 / R1 + 1 / R2 )
- ;
d sin = ml
d = 1/ N0
- ;
- ;
I = / - ;
= 4 I - ; R = / S - ;
I
B =
S cos
- ;

E = mc 2 ; E = mc 2 - ( );
m0
m(v) =
1 v2 / c2
- ;
v1 + v2
v=
1 + v1v2 / c 2
- ;

34 p = hv / c = h /
= hv = hc / - ; h = 6.26 10
;
- ;
mv 2
hv = Ab +
= vT - ;
2 - ;
hc
hvmin =
= Ab
max
- ;
hvkn = W W
- ( );
me vrn = n
= h / 2 = 1.05 10 34
- ;
;
4
me e
1
E =

(4 0 ) 2 22 n 2
- ;
N = N 0e t
- ;

E = [( m1 + m2 ) ( m3 + m4 )]c 2
- ;